0 This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., D 1407 is 2:07 p.m. • This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 27632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 BAYARD RUSTIN REPORTS ON Since this is a personal report, my own over of the Falkland/Malvina Islands by Ar LEBANON bias should be clearly set forth. I have de gentina, or the violent response by Great voted my life to nonviolent social change. Britain. All nations in the world recognize While I recognize that violent military the validity of violence in pursuit of nation action is universally seen as an acceptable al interests and certainly none can assert HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ method for every nation's effort to maintain that Israel's national interests were not in OF NEW YORK its security, I have by and large felt that volved. The Israelis claim that the PLO does IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such violence is, in the long run, counter represent a threat to their national survival, productive and delays, if not prevents, the while none believes for a moment that the Friday, October 1, 1982 kinds of social changes I have advocated. In loss of those remote islands, 8,000 miles my efforts to foster civil and human rights, away threatened England's existence as a •Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, one of I have been completely dedicated to demo the outstanding civil rights leaders of sovereign nation. cratic processes, and have therefore been a The irony of this double standard is that our times, Bayard Rustin, recently led supporter of Israel, the only democratic Israel itself accepts it, holding itself to a a delegation of prominent Americans state in the Middle East. These two posi higher standard of conduct than the rest of on a factfinding trip to Lebanon. tions at times have created a tension for me, the world. The first real demonstrations Accompanying Mr. Rustin were: one which the preparation of this report against the Lebanon incursion took place Rev. Carl E. Flemister, executive min has obliged me to confront again. within Israel, where there also has been ister of the American Baptist Church THE DOUBLE STANDARD widespread and intense discussion of the es of Metropolitan New York; Thomas My first conclusion is that Israel · did conduct of the war. The orders to the Israeli Y. Hobart, Jr., president of New York indeed receive an unfairly bad press. Part of troops, described to us by Israeli officials State United Teachers; John E. Nikas, this was due to their applying a press gag in and confirmed by combat soldiers in the the early days of the action, and their state field, were not to fire at non-military struc former president of the Hellenic ment that their objective was to secure a 25 tures except in response to fire emanating American Neighborhood Action Com mile zone free of the PLO. This proved to be from such sources. One Lieutenant told us mittee; The Most Rev. Joseph E. Sulli inaccurate, as they advanced on Beirut, 40 that his unit suffered 11 casualties C6 killed, van, auxiliary bishop of the Roman miles from their border. 5 wounded> in Sidon because his troops had Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn; Joseph By standards of international law, the Is obeyed those instructions. He felt that his Toubia, Maronite Church of New raeli advance into Lebanon was not an act 42-man unit would have had at most only 2 York; and Charles Bloomstein, secre of aggression . No nation in the world THE JllEDIA REPORTS AND THE AClUALITY will passively accept continuous attacks I insert Mr. Rustin's report on his from forces based in a neighboring country, As for the dispatches published in the visit to Lebanon in the RECORD. I sin and international law recognizes that when American media, there is no question in my cerely belive that it will provide impor such a neighboring country is incapable of mind that both the damage and the number tant information to all of us concerned halting such attacks, the injured country of civilian casualties reported had been about the recent tragic events in Leba has every right to undertake that task itself. vastly exaggerated by substantial orders of non. During the ceasefire period from July 24, magnitude. Nabatiya, a Moslem town in 1981 through June 5, 1982, Israel claims to Southeastern Lebanon, was a thriving bus BAYARD RUSTIN'S REPORT ON HIS VISIT TO have suffered 248 terrorist actions on her tling regional center when we stopped there LEBANON-AUGUST 1982 northern border, involving landmlnes, shell to talk with people on the street. There was WHY THIS TRIP ing&, and Katyusha rocket barrages. In the damage, of course, but nowhere near the While this report will cite some facts and month preceding the Israeli advance, there wholesale scale that had been reported. The statistics, it is essentially a very personal re were 26 such strikes. In Kiryat Shimona for town, which had dropped in population flection on the June 6, 1982 Israeli incursion example, children had to be kept continu from 55,000 or so before it was taken over into Lebanon, and its aftermath. Along with ously in bomb proof shelters for periods of by the PLO, to about 12,000 during PLO oc some other Christians, including a Catholic up to two weeks at a time! Just as the U.S. cupation, was now rapidly returning to its Bishop, a Catholic trade-unionist, a Greek claimed it had the right to pursue Pancho former size, with people coming back from Orthodox, a Baptist executive and a Maron Villa into Mexico, as a result of his raids, so Beirut daily and picking up their lives. We ite Christian, I visited Israel for a week in the Israelis claimed the right to enter Leba stopped people on the street at random and late August. The trip was arranged by pri non in search of the PLO. asked if they would be willing to talk with vate groups in the U.S., but did have the It is a curious fact that the world has a us. Without exception they were eager to do necessary cooperation of Israeli officials. double standard with respect to the PLO so. One of our party spoke Arabic and some We held discussions in Jerusalem and Tel and Israel. In addition to its long record of of us could converse in French, so there was Aviv and also spent two full days in Leba terrorist activities, other outrages by the no substantial communications problem. All non, one each in the eastern and western PLO go unremarked: there is irrefutable evi the Lebanese expressed joy at their libera parts of the country, including East Beirut. dence that, during the 12 years of PLO tion by the Israelis, and while they wanted In addition to the group meetings with vari dominance in Southern Lebanon, they were all foreign troops to leave, they wanted the ous Israeli Foreign Ministry officials, includ responsible for tens of thousands of deaths Israelis to go last. These Shi'a Muslims, ing Yitzhak Shamir, the Foreign Minister, I in the civil war creating hundreds of thousands of For example, in Nabatiya we interviewed Rabin, former Labor Prime Minister of homeless refugees. They were also responsi an elderly Shiite Moslem woman who Israel. ble for uncounted incidents of individual thanked our Israeli military escort Ca pro The Israelis welcomed us since they were murder, theft, rape, intimidation, and gener fessor of biochemistry called from this class eager to disprove the charges that they had al lawlessness. Ask residents of Southern room> for freeing her country and making it transgressed international law with an act Lebanon, and you will get citation after cita possible for her to return to her home, from of military aggression, that they had con tion. Yet few harsh words have been used which she had been ejected by the PLO 6 ducted that aggression with unnecessary about such activities. years earlier. Her house was now a pile of brutality and force, and that they had had The nations of the world, while prepared rubble, more as a result of the PLO occupa no concern for the Lebanese civilians caught to use violence to further their own inter tion than the Israeli advance. But they were in the conflict. The Israelis were convinced ests, seem to demand pacifist behavior from her stones. She could rebuild, and she wept that the world's media had been biased and Israel. It is immoral for such nations to de for joy. unfair and had completely distorted the nounce Israel's use of force in achieving its The cities of Tyre and Sidon has been re facts. They hoped that objective visitors to objectives, while finding ample rationaliza ported as virtually leveled. There was sig Lebanon would return to the U.S. and tion for their own violence. Almost all of nificantly more damage there, but only on report th~ truth of that situation. the world applauded either the violent take- the main coastal road that led to Beirut.
D This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., D 1407 is 2:07 p.m. e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27633 The side streets seemed virtually un areas. We saw one destroyed bunker over used again for religious purposes. The touched, and certainly the cities were alive 100 yards long, built of reinforced concrete. graveyards were desecrated, coffins opened, and functioning. We stopped in Sidon and The extensive am.munition dumps give bones scattered and visible through the talked to people at random in the streets, one pause to ponder. The equipment discov vault openings. and heard again the same story-praise of ered far exceeded the Israeli intelligence es Consider Damour, in Western Lebanon, a the Israelis for ridding them of the PLO. timates and were far beyond the needs of Christian resort city on the coast between Another major source of media outrage guerrilla warfare. Some who have seen Sidon and Beirut. Here between 1,500 and against Israel was its bombing of West those dumps believe that there were enough 2,000 villagers were executed by the PLO, Beirut, especially the intensive 11 hour arms to equip 500,000 soldiers . Even if not adequate town, expelling the remaining people. With raeli response to that charge is twofold: for such an enormous army, there is no an original population of some 50,000 to first, they admit that the bombings, al question but that the dumps so far uncov 60,000, Dam.our is now an abandoned city, though in response to alleged PLO viola ered indicate an intended far wider scale of almost wholly uninhabitable. The beautiful tions of the ceasefire, were disproportionate warfare than was possible with the 14,000- church was used as a garage and storage to those violations. That is, they were far 20,000 PLO terrorists in Southern Lebanon. depot, its stained glass windows destroyed, more intense than called for by the viola For what other reason could the PLO its walls used for target practice. We could tions by the PLO. It is their argument that have stored the following quantities of glance into the various houses as we drove the response was intended to demonstrate arms, inventoried by the Israelis as of July up the hill to the church. Each was filled their determination to take West Beirut by 19, from some 413 caches, with many not with the detritus of an uncaring, insensiti force, if negotiations failed. They also claim yet sorted out and not including what are tive, brutal occupying army, replete with that it was precisely those bombings, espe undoubtedly major depots in West Beirut? wanton destruction. This all-PLO held town, cially the 11 hour one, that convinced the The Israeli inventory lists 764 vehicles and with no civilians, was the scene of some PLO to agree to evacuate West Beirut, and armored combat vehicles including tanks; bloody fighting as the Israelis took it. therefore in effect saved many lives-Leba 26,900 light weapons, 424 heavy weapons, Consider the museum in Beirut, a trea nese civilian, Israeli, and Palestinian. They artillery and field guns; 43 anti-aircraft surehouse of antiquities from some of the further argue that the bombings were pre weapons; and 1,500 truckloads of am.muni world's most ancient societies. The PLO cisely targeted to military areas and to mili tion, including 5,109 Katyusha rockets, took over the museum, made it into a for tary installation in civilian areas of low pop 7,914 artillery shells, 33,299 mortar bombs, tress, scattered or stole many of its priceless ulation density. Since we did not enter West 8, 771 mines, and 18, 760 hand grenades. objects, threw others outdoors into the yard Beirut, we have no way of validating this There were also over 2,000 items of non and gardens, and behaved without any feel latter claim . But I am inclined to be in the offing? We looked at that museum, which is now lieve the Israelis, on the basis of the villages behind Israeli lines, and were as much ap and cities we did see, at least to the extent THE PLO'S INTERNATIONAL CONNECTIONS In addition to the arms caches, the Israe palled by what we saw as by the many atroc of their desires and targeting. We cannot, at ity stories we had heard. this time, know how precise their aim was. lis captured a wide variety of documents, The Israelis assert that they took great some of which have been released. These in In sum, in the areas of Lebanon under care to avoid dam.age to schools. hospitals, cluded detailed instructions for shelling ci PLO control, there was no civilian system of and other social institutions. It is significant vilian cities and villages in Northern Israel, Justice. There was no functioning police that along the 40-odd mile route from Isra and reports from PLO terrorists being force, no arrests, no court system and no el's northern border to the museum in the trained in the Soviet Union. Besides docu appeal. What law there was was PLO law, green line, the area of the most severe fight ments linking the PLO to a worldwide net what Justice there was was PLO Justice. ing, we did not see dam.age to a single work of terrorist groups, many foreign na Those of us whose ancestors lived in areas mosque. tionals-Germans, Italians, and Japanese, under Ku Klux Klan control have special My conclusion is that, as wars go, this one among others-were taken prisoner as their reasons to know what that means. For the was relatively carefully waged. Neverthelss training camps in Southern Lebanon were powerless, it means intense, continuous, and it was a war and in any modem war, but captured by the Israelis. The PLO obviously unending personal insecurity. In effect, point out that it was PLO policy to immerse served as a training ground for terrorists of terror. themselves in the civilian population, to es many countries. ISRAELI INTEBTIONS tablish their strong points in schools, hospi WHAT DOES PLO CONTROL MEAN The Israelis have stated repeatedly, and tals, refugee camps, and even in apartment Another Judgment to which I came is that there is no reason to doubt them, that they houses. So, it was the PLO that held the ci the Israelis who, for reasons of their own, would leave Lebanon along with all other vilian population hostage. The Israelis tried are adamant about not dealing with the foreign forces. The question remains wheth to limit dam.age to the civilian population, PLO, are correct in that conclusion. The Is er the Syrians will agree to leave Lebanon, even at the expense of their own casualties raelis fear Soviet influence in the area as which they have never recognized as an in but not at the cost of their objectives. If one well as continued PLO attempts to destroy dependent country and which they still accepts the logic of the incursion, then one Israel, as per the PLO charter which has regard as part of Greater Syria. If the Syr must agree that the Israelis tried very hard never been am.ended or negated. That Judg ians do leave, the Israelis say that they will to reduce the casualties inflicted on civil ment is probably right, but in addition I do so, simultaneously, There is thus no ians. took note of the PLO's behavior in South reason at all for George Ball to state, as he There is no question that the behavior of ern Lebanon, where they succeeded in does in that op-ed page column referred to the Israelis was exemplary for a war situa making violent opponents not only of the earlier, that there is cause to believe that tion. The casualties reported in the Ameri Maronite Christians, but also of the Shi'a the Israelis will occupy that portion of Leb· can press were obviously grossly exaggerat Muslims . Their record of tion seems, at present, to have been wholly 600,000 homeless were supplied by the Pal rape, pillage, murder, and general lawless gratutious and without foundation. estinian Red Crescent, headed by Yasir Ara ness disqualifies them, in my conviction, fat's brother. The Israelis have conducted a from aspiring to be the leaders of a civilized WHAT NOW body count and report 10 civilian dead in Palestinian independent autonomous entity. Inevitably, I came to some conclusions Nabatiya, 50 in Tyre, and 400 in Sidon. If I were the Israelis, I would encourage the about the future. The official Israeli posi They claim that far less than 1,000 civilian Lebanese, heretofore relatively silent under tion was one of optimism that the PLO has Lebanese deaths have resulted from their the PLO occupation, to speak out to the been destroyed militarily and that they now advance, not including West Beirut . They admit during the PLO usurpation of their land. This is true, at least for the immediate to some 25,000 homeless Palestinians, as a For example, we stopped in the Maronite future. They also point out that, as a by result of destruction within the refugee village of Aichiyah, in Eastern Lebanon. product of this dispersal of the PLO, new camps, and assert that very few Lebanese Here we were told by the villagers that the options have been opened up, options which are still without shelter. Almost all, dis PLO had attacked the village and herded all may benefit the West as well as the Israelis. placed temporarily by the war, have re but 55 of the 2,000 or so population into one Yes, those options are open. But they will turned home. of its two churches. These 55 were slaugh require creative diplomacy if constructive THE AMKUNITION DUMPS tered, their bodies thrown into dry wells. results are to ensue-creative diplomacy not The Israelis claim to have uncovered over One church, and the priest's house, was only by Israel, but by the Arab States, the 400 am.munition dumps, not only in fortified completely demolished. The other now United States, and the rest of the concern bunkers but also in civilian buildings and needs to be resanctified before it can be world. That burden of compromise or crea- .27634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20> 1982 tivity cannot be put on Israel alone. Yet I One simply cannot predict what the Israe A high priority function of a synagogue fear there will be efforts to do so. li response will be until this step has actual has always been to provide a Jewish ceme For example, Western Europe, the Arab ly been taken. Certainly, it is clear that tery for the burial of its dead. Prior to 1845, countries, and the Third World will prob there will be intense and widespread public the nearest Jewish cemetery was in New ably all pressure Washington to bring pres discussion and evaluation within that demo port, Rhode Island or in Albany, New York. sure to bear on Israel to be more "sensitive" cratic society. The Sadat initiative created a In July, 1844, the Boston City Council per to Palestinian interests. The Israelis can new psychological and political mood in mitted Temple Ohabei Shalom to purchase scarcely afford a "confrontational mode" Israel, leading to peace with Egypt and the from the East Boston Land Company a with the U.S., yet that is what is clearly in return of the Sinai. And I believe that a 10,000 square foot lot for $200; the forty af the offing. If the Begin government holds to clear an unequivocal recognition of the filiated families were assessed $5 per family its position of no concessions, that pressure State of Israel with secure borders will bring by the congregation to enable it to handle from the U.S. will undoubtedly strengthen about a similar political and psychological the purchase. The lot was located on Byron it with the Israeli voting public . Result, rigidity, no movement, no tablished Jewish cemetery in Greater steps toward resolution of the Palestinian Boston. The cemetery has since expanded in problem, still a major obstacle to true peace TEMPLE ANNIVERSARY 1868 and then again in 1874. in the area. And failure to make progress on Temple locations over the years have been the Palestinian question means sooner, HON. BARNEY FRANK at: Warrenton Street, South End, from rather than later, resurgence of the PLO or 1852-1862; in a rt;modeled edifice of the other radical groups. OF MASSACHUSETTS First Universalist Society on Warrenton The Israelis are not now planning to be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Street, from 1863-1886; in a remodeled more forthcoming in their talks with Egypt Friday, October 1, 1982 South Congregation Church on Union Park on West Bank autonomy. As Foreign Minis Street, from 1887-1925; and from 1925 to ter Yitzhak Shamir told us, there is nothing • Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, Temple present, in the imposing structure at 1187 that Israel can afford to give up. I hope that Ohabei Shalom in Brookline, Mass., Beacon Street in Brookline, Massachusetts. this is only a negotiating posture, made for will be celebrating their 140th anniver The current edifice, dedicated on Decem temporary public consumption. If it is not, sary. As their proclamation states, ber 12, 1928, is described as being Byzantine if the Israelis intend to hold adamantly to Ohabei Shalom had led in a string of Romanesque, suggested by the type of ar their p1·esent posture, then I am very pessi firsts in Massachusetts. One of the chitecture seen along the Mediterranean mistic about the future and what it por most significant is that Ohabei coasts of eastern Italy and Sicily. The dome tends. There is the possibility that Israel, of the Sanctuary is over 100 feet above strong in its military victory, will see armed Shalom was the first Jewish congrega street level and the interior seats 1800, with force as its basic strategy, and, flushed with tion to be formed in the State of Mas out any obstructing columns. conquest, will become ever more rigid. sachusetts in September 1842. This In order to satisfy the different social in Many Israelis claim that Israel was always congregation has a long history of ac terests of all as well as that of specific age their land, from which they were ejected tivity in the community, serving not groupings of the congregants, five affiliated 2,000 years ago. 2,000 years from now, the only the religious needs of many fami organizations meet and socialize separately Palestinians may very well be making the lies in the Brookline and surrounding on a regular basis. These Temple affiliates same claim-and trying to enforce it by war. area, but serving as an active group are the Sisterhood, Brotherhood, Family Further, the demographic statistics are Club, Singles Group and Youth Groups. against the Israelis, whose lower birth rate that has consistently displayed an in The Temple Brotherhood was or will mean that they will soon become a mi terest in the community at large. This ganized in 1920. Its purposes were many: nority even within their own borders. My congregation represents the values service to the community, fellowship and support for Israel is based on its being a and spirit of cooperation and sharing the promotion of interfaith goodwill and democratic state. Can it retain that democ in the pursuit of the common good educational. Since 1920, as a result of its racy when it has an Arab majority, which it that is found all too rarely today. active social and religious action programs it keeps in place by a Jewish army? I have the honor of knowing many flourished to the point that, during the Given this, what is now imperative is an members of Ohabei Shalom and it has early 1950's, it proudly boasted of a mem initiative from the Arab States that would bership of over 2,000 and was the largest facilitate a change of stance by the Israelis. been a privilege to work with many of chapter in the National Federation of President Reagan's recent policy speech did the people involved in the congrega Temple Brotherhoods in the country. The not specifically provide that opening. How tion. The vibrance of this community Brotherhood received national recognition the Arab States respond will therefore now is particularly inspiring and it is my for its Goodwill Dinner meetings, which re be critical. pleasure to insert into the RECORD sulted in the formation of the Massachu So, yes, there are new options. But after today a copy of the proclamation of setts Committee of Protestants, Catholics 35 years of unremitting hostility from the Temple Ohabei Shalom on the cele and Jews in which the late Ben G. Shapiro Arab States, all but Egypt still legally at bration of their 140th anniversary to played a major role. At the Goodwill din war with Israel, the onus for initiatives is ners the Brotherhood honored such promi squarely on the Arab States and the PLO. be celebrated the week of October 29, nent people as: President John F. Kennedy, Americans who would preserve an oasis of 1982. Eleanor Delano Roosevelt, Richard Cardinal democracy in the Middle East must urge our Tm: 140TH .ANNIVERSARY OF TEMPLE 0HABEI Cushing, Helen Hayes, Abba Hillel Silver, government to take those steps which will SHALOM Max Lerner, Henry Cabot Lodge, Arthur really make peace possible. The first and es The Temple has been privileged to have Fiedler, Marion Anderson, John Williams, sential step in what will obviously be a pro many "firsts" during its history in the Com Secretary of Labor James P. Mitchell, longed and delicate process is for the U.S. to monwealth. Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr., Congressman secure from the Arab States and their crea In September, 1842, it was the first to Henry S. Reuss, Harold Stassen, Walter P. ture, the PLO, a clear and unequivocal form a Jewish congregation in this State, Reuther, United States Senators Ted Ken statement that they accept Israel as a legiti the first to establish a Jewish cemetery in nedy, Leverett Saltonstall and Edward mate state in the Middle East. They must Greater Boston and the first Jewish congre Brooke, Arthur Schlesinger and Dore further agree that any change in Israel's gation in Massachusetts to be granted a Schary. borders must come as a result of negotiation Charter of Incorporation. It was also the The Brotherhood also conducted Nieman and not by war. first congregation to build a synagogue in Fellows' Meetings honoring such outstand Anything less than such a categorical dec Massachusetts, the first to become a ing Journalists as: Jack Anderson, Drew laration by the Arab States and the PLO is Reform Congregation in New England and Pearson, Chet Huntley, David Susskind, unlikely to lead to increased flexibility on the first to have legalized Rabbinical mar John Hay Whitney, Quentin Reynolds, H. Israel's part. riages in Massachussetts. V. Kaltenbom, Harry Ashmore, Edwin 0. The Arabs have taken the lead in making The name selected for the congregstion Canham and Harry Golden and Branch war against Israel-time after time after was Temple Ohabei Shalom, meaning Rickey, Mel Allen, Curt Gowdy and many time. It is their responsibility now to take Lovers of Peace. Fellows' Meetings, Ladies' Night, and Fa- .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27635 thers', Sons' and Daughters' Breakfasts. place that we read about in the news matically, causing the cancellation of Brotherhood activities have included spon papers. It is home to our friends. a number of major renewable energy soring a boy scout troop, a glee club, veter As Assistant Chief of Interparlia projects for which financial planning ans' programs, weekend conclaves, good cheer work, blood bank programs, S.O.S. mentary Affairs, Mr. Chung is respon was 'i>as~d on steadily rising costs for began 80 gained in his time here with us. ury on the business energy credit upon years ago and was then named The Temple The time when Mr. Chung will two occasions within the last year; and Advancement Society. It has since Joined return to his wife and children and to the effective reduction of the business the National Federation of Temple Sister life in Korea is now very close. My credit's value by some 20 percent in hoods. Over the years, it has reached out to staff and I find it hard to say goodby provide valuable assistance in furthering recent weeks by reduction of the basis the welfare of our country, community and to our new friend. At the same time, for depreciation. congregation. During the several war peri we know that the mutual regard built between us over the past 6 months will In short, almost since these incen ods, the ladies were a strong ally of the Red tives were originally provided, their Cross and provided personalized caring ser not be diminished by distance. vices to veterans. Also on a national level, Through Mr. Chung, we have come to impact has been vitiated in a number through affiliation with the National Feder know something of the warmth of the of ways, none of which have any rela ation of Temple Sisterhoods, STOS helps Korean people. We will carry that tion to the inherent value of these provide scholarships and grants to rabbini with us as a lasting token of Mr. technologies. cal and cantorial students as well as gives Chung's time among us. Our best We continue to have the same na support to Jewish youth programs and tional interest in achieving energy in youth camps. On a community level, Sister wishes accompany Mr. Chung as he re hood serves the Boston Aid to the Blind and turns to his family .e dependence and in the development of contributes to Combined Jewish Philanthro renewable energy technologies as we pies. The Sisterhood supports the Temple in did 4 years ago when these incentives manyways.e RENEWABLE ENERGY were first provided. I see nothing to TECHNOLOGY suggest that this situation will change in the foreseeable future. Imports still GRATITUDE TO CHOL-HYUN HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT account for a substantial portion of CHUNG OF CALIFORNIA our energy consumption, and will likely ~ontinue to do so for many years HON. MERVYN M. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DYMALLY Friday, October 1, 1982 to come. With continuous unrest in or CALIFORNIA the Middle East, the national security IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES e Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, I implications of this unhealthy depend join today with Mr. HEFTEL and sever Friday, October 1, 1982 ence remain a serious concern. We al other distinguished members of the must begin now to build for the •Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, my Ways and Means Committee in intro future. staff and I wish to publicly acknowl ducing legislation to extend and en One measure of the potential impact edge our gratitude for the friendship hance the business energy investment we have had the privilege of sharing tax credits for renewable energy tech which renewable energy technologies with Mr. Chui-Hyun Chung over the nologies. can have on that future is provided by past 6 months. Mr. Chung is the It pleases me to do so because I am a recent report from Resource and second high ranking Korean Govern aware of the difficult circumstances Technology Management Corp., which ment official who has taken advantage under which businessmen, entrepre develops comprehensive data on new of the Korean fellowship program neurs, and investors in these technol energy sources and their market which is an ongoing feature of my ogies have labored during the last few growth. According to the report, re office. Through the program, Korean years. newable energy will contribute about officials are able to spend 6 months in The current economic adjustments 8.25 percent of this Nation's energy Washington obtaining firsthand which are taking place have, of course, supply by 1985 compared with 7.1 per knowledge of how our Congress func created problems for a number of in cent in 1980. This 1.15-percent in tions. dustries. But the renewable energy in crease amounts to about 125 m1llion Although the expertise officials such dustries have suffered more than most barrels of oil saved per year, and will as Mr. Chung are able to obtain for a number of reasons: bring the total energy savings from re through their experience here will be First, several of them, because of newable sources by 1985 up to 1.16 bil invaluable in promoting understand their newness, are composed of a dis lion barrels per year. ing between the United States and proportionate number of small busi Given the proper environment of in Korea, I feel that all of us have gained nesses compared to more traditional centives, it is obvious considerably something even more valuable from industries. Small businesses, of course, greater growth can be achieved by our interchange. When our knowledge are more hard hit by high interest these technologies-growth which will of other lands comes exclusively from rates such as we have recently experi more than repay to the Treasury and newspapers and television, it is impos enced than larger companies. Many of to our Nation any revenue loss which sible for us to come to know each them have difficulty obtaining financ results in the short term. Renewable other as fellow human beings, as ing under any circumstances, and un energy businesses will pay taxes in fellow citizens of the same planet. The usually high rates simply compound future years, both on sales of equip fellowship program has given us the the problem. ment and on sales of electricity to the chance to know Mr. Chung as a friend Second, owing to an unforeseen utility grid. In addition, business fuel and coworker. For my staff and slackening of demand across the econ cost writeoffs for conventional fuels myself, Korea is not some faraway omy, oil prices have weakened dra- wm be reduced, thereby supplying the .27636 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 Treasury with offsetting source of rev dren and deprives them of his income. The United States". It was published by the enue. "reward" for such behavior can be thou Johnson Foundation, Inc.>• For all of these reasons, I join in sands of dollars in increased benefits. There are disincentives to work and thrift: supporting this legislation, which is The same factor which prompts the break SUPPORT PUBLIC LAW 94-142 aimed at establishing once and for all up of poor families also leads to avoid ly, a stable environment for the con ance of work. Thrift is discouraged because HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI tinued growth of these technologies. I for many programs, a person must be desti OF NEW YORK believe all of us can only gain as a tute to get and keep eligibility. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES result.e Teen-age pregnancy is encouraged: Critics assert that for certain programs in the Friday, October 1, 1982 safety net, a baby is the "price of admis Mr. ZEFERETI'I. Mr. Speaker, the WELFARE REFORM sion" for the young woman who cannot find e work. She becomes dependent on weliare at future and strength of the United an early age, and her child is disadvantaged States depends upon the quality of HON. LEE H. HAMILTON in life from the start. education received by our young OF INDIANA Administration is complex: The programs people. That is why I am deeply con IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the safety net call for a vast array of fed cerned about the continuing erosion of eral, state, and local administrators whose the All Handicapped Children Act. Friday, October 1, 1982 powers are not well balanced or evenly dis e Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I tributed. There is fragmentation in delivery The goal of this public law, known as insert my "Washingtion Report" into of services, confusion among recipients, and Public Law 94-142, is a simple one: To the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: too much paperwork. provide a free, appropriate education Virtually all Americans see the safety net to all handicapped children. The All WELFARE REFORK as a vital part of our government. Among Handicapped Children Act cannot be To meet the needs of those who require our highest priorities must be action to con assailed as frivolous, wasteful, or the help of government in order to help trol its costs and correct its faults so that it budget-busting, for it provides an es themselves, several programs have been en can protect people more efficiently and ef acted over the years. General public assist fectively. In this regard, a proposal has re sential educational base for the most ance, veterans pensions, aid to families with cently been put forward by a bipartisan vulnerable in our society. dependent children, housing assistance, group of eight former Secretaries of Health, Public Law 94-142 has been the criti home heating assistance, food stamps, med Education, and Weliare. The group would cal factor in assuring that nearly 4 icaid, supplemental security income, and the improve the safety net mainly by strength million handicapped children have the earned income tax credit are the largest and ening the most basic strand in it-aid to right to a basic, appropriate education. most widely known. Tak.en together, these families with dependent children. The sug Not only has the act confirmed our income-tested programs constitute an exten gestions are these: sive "safety net" of protection for the mil A family would be eligible for support if country's national interest in provid lions of Americans who find themselves at the children were deprived of income due to ing uniformly for the needs of these one time or another in serious need. the breadwinner's unemployment or inca children, but has also assisted the The safety net is expensive to maintain in pacity for work. States in meeting their needs. The good repair. By one count, seven of the A minimum benefit consistent with ac Reagan administration now wants to large income-tested programs cost approxi cepted standards of health and decency reverse a decade of progress in protect mately $70 billion in 1981, up from $25 bil would be made available to all eligible fami ing the rights of handicapped chil lion only eight years before. These costs are lies nationwide. dren. While I support responsible ef substantial, yet it is important for us to The federal government would provide keep them in perspective. Expenditures for the minimum benefit, but states would be forts to reduce Federal spending in programs of social insurance-such as social free to provide supplemental benefits if our attempt to control the deficit, I security, workman's compensation, medi they wished. find it irresponsible and reprehensible care, and jobless benefits-are roughly three Eligibility would be determined in state to dismantle programs affecting those times as large. Our spending for the safety offices, whose administrative costs would be least able to protect themselves. net is not high in comparison with that of almost entirely covered by the federal gov In the loftiest of terms, President other advanced nations. For many years, ernment. this spending has tended to decrease as a In determining eligibility, the cost of day Reagan opened the International Year percentage of both the gross national prod care and a portion of monthly income would of Disabled Persons with the following uct and the federal budget. be disregarded in order to encourage work. declaration: When the safety net is considered in Thrift would be encouraged by allowing a Today, there are 35 million disabled Amer terms of the completeness and adequacy of family to accumulate modest savings with icans who represent one of our most under its coverage, it is-to use the words of a out risk to its eligibility for the minimum utilized national resources. Their will, their former top advisor in the Reagan Adminis benefit. spirit, and their hearts are not impaired, de tration-"a brilliant success". In 1976, for Paperwork would be cut back by requiring spite their limitations. All of us stand to example, 27 percent of all families <21 mil or permitting states to use standard defini gain when those who are disabled share in liQn households> would have lived in pover tions of income and other key terms in their America's opportunities. ty had it not been for the income-tested and programs. social insurance programs. As it was, only 8 The federal government would seek fur I agree with this statement whole percent of all families <6 million house ther improvements in delivery of services by heartedly. However, I must ask, will holds> were poor. However, no one who letting a few states experiment with their the disabled stand to gain when their knows about the safety net-whether he is a programs. funds, and the regulations protecting professor, a politician, a taxpayer, or a re Far-reaching proposals to overhaul several their basic rights, are being curtailed cipient-would suggest that there are no programs in the safety net have met with at every opportunity by this adminis problems to be attacked. Aside from an obvi little success. The eight secretaries are tration? ous concern about costs, both critics and aware of these failures and have decided in supporters agree that there are several favor of more modest goals. Their proposals The list of protections which will problems: are measured, not sweeping. They want to disappear if this administration's pro Assistance is inequitable: Because of wide deal with the hard nuts and bolts of these posed changes go into effect is quite variation in state support of aid to families vital programs, not with ideological biases. extensive, negatively impacting virtu with dependent children-there is a wide What is just as important in a time of aus ally all the key tenets of Public Law variation in the monthly payment received terity, the changes they suggest can be 94-142. A key clause, providing for pa by destitute families. Late in 1981, for exam adapted to different budgets. Thus, their rental participation in their children's ple, it ranged from a low of $120 in Missis suggestions are welcome additions to the evaluation, has been eliminated in the sippi to a high of $600 in Vermont. call for weliare reform, and should receive Families are broken up: In many in prompt and full consideration by the Presi proposed regulations. In addition, the stances, a poor family can receive more sup dent and in Congress. burden of proof to justify an appropri port under various programs in the safety Con Pact delegations and their allies. fore be terminP.ted. ference just concluded last week in Second, our group held a very warm In fact, as this letter clearly shows, Rome was an occasion to reaffirm and productive session of bilateral con our total aid program to Israel is mod democratic principles we cherish in tact with the Italian parliamentarians. erate when you consider that most of the United States. Since the IPU has a At this meeting, we exchanged views it is in the form of grants and loans membership of nearly 100 nations, on a variety of matters, and were able which are payable with interest. there are clearly participants at these to discuss the United States-Italian Indeed, Israel's debt service to the meetings who do not enjoy in their peacekeeping cooperation that is just United States exceeds the amount of own lands the luxury of political par- now occurring in Lebanon. I came .27638 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 away feeling the United States-Italian NEW FEDERALISM AND THE Lanz, a private counselor who has worked relations are extremely good. CHILDREN OF CONNECTICUT with me for the past 4 years. Throughout that time he has introduced me to the Host INTERPARLIAMENTARY UNION 69TH Home Program along with many wonderful CONFERENCE HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETT people. Rick has helped me a great deal. The fall conference of the Interparliamen OF CONNECTICUT Without the use of that shelter, I wouldn't tary Union convened in Rome, Italy, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have had the opportunity to have met him. There are millions of children who are in September 14-22, 1982. This meeting repre Friday, October 1, 1982 sented the 69th occasion that the world's great need of programs just like the shelter; parliamentarians have convened in an IPU e Mr. MOFFE'IT. Mr. Speaker, on there can never be enough. In today's socie plenary session since the organization was September 29, 1982, the House of Rep ty, these programs are absolutely essential. established in 1889. The IPU is the oldest resentatives distinguished itself by and most broadly representative interparlia passing House Resolution 421. This CFrom the Hartford Co~rrant, Sept. 9, 19821 mentary association in the world. This year, resolution, now adopted, will create a WITNESSES ATTACK CUTS IN SER VICES FOR parliamentary groups from 98 countries are Select Committee on Children, Youth, CHILDREN members, and 91 countries sent delegations and Families. The purpose of this to the Rome conference. International ob panel will be to create a forum; a plat servers, such as from UN organizations, form for us to deal with the totality of WEST HARTFORD.-Lawyers, teachers and were also present. issues, at the Federal level, of the poli social service workers Wednesday attacked The agenda established for the fall con President Reagan's New Federalism policies ference included consideration of disarma cies which shape our Nation's most as shortsighted, costly and devastating for ment, world hunger, world environment, de vital assets; children, youth, and fami state children and the programs that sup velopment of parliamentary institutions and lies. port them. decolonization, particularly referring to the Prior to the passage of the resolu Gathered at St. Joseph College for a Namibia issue. The meeting considered the tion, the author, our colleague GEORGE forum, at the request of U.S. Rep. Toby results of the recent UN Special Session on MILLER and myself, held an informal Moffett, 6th District, a diverse group of wit Disarmament held in New York and the hearing on the effect of New Federal nesses said Reagan is rolling back the recent UN Environment Program Confer ism on the children of Connecticut. modest progress that has been made in ence held in Nairobi. The IPU has been par The first statement before our panel health care, emergency services, education ticularly active with these inter-governmen was made by Karen Traziskas, a and nutrition for children. tal negotiations. The conference also gave woman who benefited from the run "In this country, when there is trouble special consideration to the situation in Leb away youth program. It took a great with the economy, it is the children's pro anon, the invasion of Afghanistan, Ethiopi deal of courage for Karen to come grams which are cut first," said Susan Spon an aggression against Somalia, and the before the panel and tell her story. I heimer, head social worker at the Stamford Iran/Iraq war. was, and am, grateful for her partici Day-Care Center. At the end of the 10-day session, the con According to the testimony, cuts have cost ference voted final resolutions on each issue pation. 19,260 public school students in Connecticut that serve as the communiques of the re Ed Mattison, a legal service attorney their free lunches, more than 2,000 children sults of the conference. with the New Haven Legal Assistance of remarried women their welfare benefits The UPI has played a number of historic Association, also participated in the and thousands of children the opportunity roles during the almost 100 years of its ex hearings. Unfortunately, Mr. Mattison to go to college. istence. Early in this century, it played a was called upon at the last minute to "This is the worst time to be a legal aid key role in establishing international arbi speak on food stamps and AFDC-he lawyer, and it's not only because our very tration and initiated the creation of the Per did not have an opportunity to pre existence is in jeopardy," said Edward manent Court of International Justice. It pare written remarks. Therefore, to Mattison of the New Haven Legal Assist has facilitated European reconciliation and give our colleagues a sense of the in ance Association Inc. "It's because of how cooperation, particularly following the two sightful observations made by Mr. bad it feels to talk to our clients." world wars and more recently, by starting Mattison, I would like to submit for As an example, he cited a new federal reg discussions on security and cooperation in the RECORD the newspaper account of ulation limiting the value of cars owned by Europe that encouraged the 1975 Helsinki the proceedings published in the Hart welfare recipients to $1,500-a rule prompt Agreement. The IPU serves as a regular ed, he said, by the administration's convic forum for debate and resolution on major ford Courant. tion that too many recipients were driving issues of global sigaificance. The text of Ms. Traziskas' remarks, "late-model Cadillacs." The UPI also provides modest technical and the article highlighting Mr. Matti The regulation forced one woman to trade assistance and facilitates informational ex son's contribution, are printed below. in her 1976 Ford for a cheaper car when she change aimed at improving parliamentary TESTIMONY FROM KAREN TRAzISKAS AT SEP· quit her job to stay home with a sick child institutions throughout the world. TDIBER 8, 1982 CONGRESSIONAL HEARING ON and went on welfare, he said. "Where is the The purpose of the IPU, according to its "NEW FEDERALISM: ITS IMPACT ON CON savings to President Reagan?" he asked. statutes, is to promote personal contacts be NECTICUT'S CHILDREN" Moffett, candidate for U.S. Senate, spon tween members of all parliaments and to I would like to tell you a little about sored the forum with U.S. Representative unite them in common action to secure and myself. When I was fifteen, I was having George Miller, Calif., who will present some maintain the full participation of their re enormous difficulties at home and doing of the testimony to the House of Represent spective states in the firm establishment very poorly in school. The school psychia atives' Rules Committee in an effort to win and development of representative institu trist referred me to Junction 1019, a run approval for establishment of a Select Com tions and in the advancement of the work of away shelter in West Hartford. There I mittee on Children, Youth and Families. international peace and cooperation, par worked with a counselor, his name was U.S. Representative Barbara B. Kennelly, ticularly by supporting the objectives of the Piere Gagnon. He gave me an assignment to 1st District, also attended. United Nations. write a letter explaining why I was there. At the time, I was very rebellious and refused Moffett charged that "$10 billion in chil U.S. participation in the IPU and delega to believe I had any problems. So, I Just dren's services were sacrificed last year so tions to meetings are in accordance with 22 wrote a pile of garbage and gave it to him. that the Reagan administration could keep U.S.C. 276, as amended by P.L. 95-45. In ac The next morning I awoke to find that the world safe for hyprocrisy. What else can cordance with these provisions, the follow Piere had slept on the couch outside my one label the policy of a president who pur ing Members of Congress served as dele room and confronted me with what I had ports to be pro-family? gates to the 69th IPU conference: Repre written. He was furious; he made me rewrite "The glue that helps keep so many fami sentatives Claude Pepper , L. H. Fountain, J. J. Pickle, E to believe, that I felt very scared and very nile justice, delinquency prevention, day de la GarM, David R. Bowen, Robert unloved. Piere absolutely glowed. He had care services, child nutrition, health and Mcclory, J. William Stanton, M. Caldwell reached me, but that was Just scratching other programs vital to the development of Butler, and Wayne Grisham.e the surface. He then introduced me to Rick the nation's children," Moffett said.• .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27639 EULOGY IN MEMORY OF THE is the right vote for the country." So simple, TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE HONORABLE ADAM BENJAMIN so profound, so shaming, so uplifting. L. H. FOUNTAIN Adam was a politician. HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI He enjoyed politics, and he especially en joyed it as it is practiced in the House of HON. ED JONES OF ILLINOIS Representatives. He was a great strategist, a OF TENNESSEE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strong debator, and, despite firlnly held IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, September 15, 1982 views, was, as a political craftsman, always on the lookout for a suitable compromise. Tuesday, September 28, 1982 e Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speak He was always seeking solutions to the prob e Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. er, for the benefit of my colleagues lems, not an opportunity to score points. He Speaker, I rise today to take part in and interested readers of this RECORD, simply did not care who got the credit for a this tribute to our colleague and my I want to insert the poignant and ac victory. friend and neighbor, L. H. FOUNTAIN. I curate eulogy given by my friend and Perhaps Adam was a master politician be appreciate JIM BROYHILL requesting colleague, the Honorable LEE HAMIL cause he came from his constituents. He was this special order and I think it is par TON, in memory of our departed col a part of them. He worked hard for them. Their problems and hopes, troubles and am ticularly appropriate for a man of L. league, the Honorable Adam Benja H. FoUNTAIN's stature and seniority in min. bitions were his as well. Their welfare was his primary concern. He thought constantly this body. This eulogy reflects the impact that of how he might serve them better. I have enjoyed the relationship that Adam had on the lives of Members of Adam had pride in his work as a politi I have developed with L. H. over the Congress who were privileged to work cian. He believed it was the politician's Job years. He has served his country and with him. It was given in the SS. Con to make the country work, to provide stabil his State well over the past 30 years. I stantine and Helen Greek Orthodox ity, to accommodate different points of have always found him to be coopera Cathedral in Merrillville, Ind., on view, to develop a consensus, and to meet tive and a man on whose word you Friday, September 10, 1982. the needs of people. He believed that a poli tician's work is the chief means of achieving could depend. His expertise in the op Again, I want to extend my sympa eration of Government in the foreign thy to Adam's family. We share in Justice for all persons. Adam Benjamin was a good man. policy of this country will be sorely their loss and sorrow. missed by all of us who looked to him Em.OGY FOR ADAM BENJAMIN He was compassionate; he deeply wanted to help people. He had come through the for leadership in both of these vital I speak this morning for over 40 members areas. of the U.S. Congress who have come as rep political wars of his county and the state resentatives of the entire Congress to ex without bitterness-and with everyone's re It was with sadness that I learned of press their deepest sympathy to Adam's spect. I don't recall him saying a mean L. H.'s decision to retire but I want to family and friends, and to express gratitude remark about anyone. In talking policy wish for him and his family a happy for his life. issues with Adam, we all had the sense that and fruitful retirement.• To his wife Patricia and to his chlldren this man really did care. He acted not for Adam III, Alison, and Arianne-I extend the himself, but for others. most heartfelt condolences from members Politics exacts a terrible price from fami THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF of Congress. All of us who knew Adam Ben lies, but Adam bridged the gap between his THE LEHIGH VALLEY CHAPTER jamin are grateful for his life and for the family and his profession as well as any poli OF THE AIIE contributions he made to his friends, his tician I know. His first priority was his community, his state, and his nation. His family. He was always very proud of them. life, from West Point to Congress, was in His death was all the more sad because it HON. DON Rl1iER the highest, finest tradition of public serv came at a time when he was looking forward OP PERKSYLVANIA ice. to a pleasure that only a parent can know IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Adam Benjamin was a legislator. that of being able to spend more time with I know of no one who was so quick to his son, Adam III. Friday, October 1, 1982 master the procedures of the House and use Make no mistake, Adam Benjamin was •Mr. RITI'ER. Mr. Speaker, this year them for the benefit of his constituents. He among the very best members of Congress set a record by becoming the chairman of marks the 25th anniversary of the others are better known, better publicized Lehigh Valley Chapter of the Ameri an appropriations subcommittee in his but none were better members. second term. can Institute of Industrial Engineers. Politics is an all-consuming profession for The AIIE is vitally concerned with the There used to be a saying in Indianapolis those who seek to do Justice to the great that Adam was the only member of the calling of making laws in a free society. Poli productivity of our Nation's industrial General Assembly who read all the bills. tics, I think is fair to say, consumed Adam and other endeavors. The Lehigh That gives some indication of the respect Benjamin. Death has done what only death Valley Chapter of the AIIE represents his fellow legislators had for Adam's legisla could have done. It kept Adam Benjamin a showcase example to the Nation as tive skill. from completing a brilliant career in the It is not enough to say that Adam was a to how many organizations which superb legislative craftsman. He loved his United States Congress. have traditionally shared in the large profession, and it showed. He practiced it In this day of mourning, let us celebrate Federal pie of funds can operate more with intelligence, skill, conviction, even Adam's life with thanks. efficiently and more effectively under amusement, and he always had a sharp eye Let us remember his concern for people. the New Federalism. I offer the fol for the foibles of his fellow legislators. They were not statistics to him, but real, lowing observations for my colleagues' Adam Benjamin was a person who be live, warm human beings. He cared for each consideration. lieved deeply in democracy. one of them. The American Institute of Industrial He believed in, and lived for, representa Let us remember his unsparing dedication Engineers was founded in 1948 at the tive government. to work for the betterment of his constitu Not long ago a person asked me whether ents. Ohio State University. It is the only democracy could solve all the problems on Let us remember the broad smile, the easy professional society in the United the national agenda. At the time my re manner, the oft-heard phrase from his lips, States which represents industrial en sponse was honest, but not very good. I said "What can I do for you, friend?" gineers. The AIIE currently has over that I Just did not know. Today, I would Let us remember Adam as he was: warm, 40,000 members in chapters as far amend the answer. I would say yes, so long restless, inquisitive, dedicated, vital. spread as Mexico, Canada, Hong as it can continue to produce men like Kong, Saudi Arabia, Argentina, and Adam. His death leaves an empty place in our I remember discussing a difficult vote lives. But his dedication and his spirit will Singapore. with Adam only a few weeks ago. I talked remain a vibrant part of our lives. The Lehigh Valley Chapter in Penn with him about the politics of the vote. He Good bye, Adam-and thanks. sylvania was chartered in 1957 at understood all of that, of course, but then Well done, thou good and faithful serv Lehigh University. This year, 1982, he smiled and said, "But Lee, an "aye" vote ant.e marks its 25th anniversary. There are .27640 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 presently over 220 members in the House to Join me in cosponsoring Congress defied all election-year axioms and Lehigh Valley Chapter of the AIIE, House Joint Resolution 565 which pro raised taxes and further cut spending. One again, we cut heavily into entitlement representing most major industries in claims the week of October 3 through programs-especially health and welfare. the Lehigh Valley and in Warren October 9, 1982 as "National Produc Given the budret target, I think we did the County, N.J. tivity Improvement Week."• best Job of surgery possible. But this year The AIIE is vitally concerned with there was no talk of fat. It was all muscle the productivity of American industry. and nerve. They have been for years. That is TAX POLICY AND THE Hardened conservatives unaware of the their most important product. The ECONOMY IN GENERAL faces beyond the economic statistics should word "productivity" is used often beware. We have already crossed that inner without much consideration of its real HON. THOMAS S. FOLEY perimeter of federal responsibWty for the meaning. Absent an effort to increase or WASllI1'GT01' care of society. As the economy worsens, and the suffering continues, the spring of public awareness, the American public IB THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES social outrage tightens. could dismiss the concept of productiv Frida11. October 1, 1982 The President's embrace of the 98.3 bil ity as a fad. The AIIE is trying to pro lion dollar tax b111 was far more reluctant vide a portion of the needed public • Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Sep than his support for spending cuts. That education. tember 16, Chairman DAN RosTEN changed once he realized that without his In my congressional district, the KOWSKI of the Ways and Means Com strong public endorsement that 100 b1llion Lehigh Valley Chapter has met with m!ttee gave what I consider to be an dollars in potential tax revenue would turn many civic and community groups, important and wide-ranging address to to an additional 100 billion dollar deficit. and chapter efforts have caused the the Savings Banks Association of New He has never conceded that his endorse mayors of major cities in the Lehigh York State on our tax policy and the ment was in any way the "mid-course cor economy in general. rection" that Speaker O'Ne111 called for Valley to issue proclamations declar but it was a major departure from tradition ing the first full week in October as I submit it to the RECORD for every al Republican philosophy-and eased the "Productivity Improvement Week." A Member's close and careful examina anxieties on Wall Street that Ronald similar resolution is before the House tion. Reagan was an inflexible ideologue, forever of Representatives. House Joint Reso SPDCH BY REPRESENTATIVE DAN opposed to tax increases. lution 565, of which I am a cosponsor. ROSTDKOWSKI Thanks in great part to Senator Dole, the I urge my colleagues in the House to This Is an extraordinary election year. thrust of the b111 was to reach the revenue Rather than the traditional boasts of new target-not through a carpet of new taxes, Join me in cosponsoring this resolution shipyards, and special tax cuts-Congress Is but by collecting taxes already due and re which includes as its goals, heightened forced to campaign on a hundred billion shaping tax incentives written at another public awareness regarding the impor dollar tax increase along with cuts of 20 bil time. tance of true industrial productivity. lion dollars in medicare, public assistance Spending and tax decisions for fiscal year Members of the Lehigh Valley Chap and other entitlement programs. 1984 hang on the scales of economic per ter of the AIIE have also been active Long gone are the euphoric promises of formance over the next few months. Despite in the public distribution of literature last year's supply-side tax and spending the early assumption that our budret work and information regarding productivi cuts. Today, Washington Is seized by the would bring deficits for the coming fiscal ty improvement, have worked with the grim statistics of human and business losses year Just below 100 billion dollars, the Con that rece~ion continues to exact. gressional Budret Office reports that eco Lehigh Valley Lighthouse Industries The lullaby of "imminent" recovery once nomic assumptions have a.gain changed. for the Blind, served on the industrial sung by the White House has ended. The Now CBO predicts that deficits for each of engineering advisory committee for promise of swelling business investment and the next three years will come in around Northampton County Area Communi active economic growth have since rotted 150 billion dollars. ty College, sponsored Engineer's Week into unprecedented deficits, crippling long As the first half of the President's term and Productivity Week activities, term interest rates and more than 10 million comes to a close, national confidence in his worked with the Council of Alcohol people out of work. economic policies Is weak. And prospects for and Drug Abuse and with the Girls The President has every reason to cite the strong recovery remain uncertain. A recent dramatic drop in inflation. It was inflation New York Times/CBS poll shows over Club of Bethlehem, and inltiated a that broke Jimmy Carter's back. But let's whelm.ing doubts about the President and new community affairs program to not forget the price we've had to pay for his party's abWty to cope with unemploy extend the professional talents of lowerinl inflation. ment, fair budrets or social security. By a chapter members on a volunteer basis Long-term interest rates, probably the shocking two-to-one ratio, those polled in assisting tax free service organiza best measure of economic confidence trusted Conaress over the President in its tions and local government bodies in around the country, remain at destructively abWty to handle the economy. conducting productivity improvement hilh levels-with no compelling evidence Congress berins next year with two fiscal studies and projects. that a sustained let-up is coming. howitzers aimed at the Capitol dome: the Unemployment remains firm at nearly 10 crisis in social security financing-and an Such activities by our Nation's pro percent. Leavinr aside the emotional factor other triple-digit deficit. fessionals will be required to increase of unemployment, the overall cost of one Social security ls-without question-the the productivity of our charitable and percent of unemployment-in hard federal most intensely political ground over which civic organizations which have come to cash-amounts to about 103 billion dollars Congress battles. 36 million are already re rely directly or indirectly on Federal over three years. ceiving benefits-and for many it Is virtually support. With this support shifting Interest on our rapidly rising debt will be their only income. 34 million more are over somewhat back to State and local more than 11& billion dollars-nearly 1& per the are of &0-looking ahead to receiving levels, increasing the productivity of cent of this fiscal year's outlays. And that benefits. And financing the system are 11& will arow arain next year. million workers and employers-many who such organizations must become one Despite Administration predictions a half doubt the system will be alive when they of our first priorities. The activities of a year aro that investment for plant and retire. the Lehigh Valley Chapter can serve equipment would drop by only one percent, So far we have avoided the Hobson's as an example to the Congress and to we are now informed that the real firure for choice of cutting benefits, or raising payroll the whole country. this year Is better than four times that. taxes, or borrowing from general revenues. In summary, I want to congratulate It was arainst this backdrop that Conaress But the deadline for saving the laraest trust the Lehigh Valley Chapter of the silenced its loudest critics by passing the fund-the retirement fund-falls in mid- American Institute of Industrial Engi most wrenching-and by traditional stand 1983. That means we must berin work on a ards, most impolitic-budret ever. refinancing package next February. neers on its 25th anniversary and com With little encourarement from the Presi The options are no better in cutting down mend its efforts to enhance public un dent, Congress owned up to the terrible the deficit. If, as the Congressional Budret derstanding of real productivity in this fiscal excesses of last year's tax and spend Office predicts, the deficit for fiscal year area of shrinking resources for Goven ing cuts. Faced with deficit projections for 1984 Is in the 150 b1111on dollar range, there ment. I also urge my colleagues in the the coming fiscal year of 180 b1llion dollars will be no Joy next January in the State of ,October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27641 the Union message. Once again we will frontal assault on shelters for the wealthy Like other members of Soviet religious listen to the litany on big government led a frontal assault on excessive business and ethnic minorities, their legitimate spending-and the gradual suffocation of tax cuts-and led a frontal assault on white wishes have been thwarted by their free enterprise. collar tax fraud. For two decades, Republicans have taught How ironic that withholding on interest Government. the nation to fear high deficits and big gov and dividends, limiting deductions for medi The case of each refusenik is, of ernment spending. They hammered the cal costs, business entertainment, and other course, tragic, the Shabashevs bear country with the notion that waste, fraud incentives-so roundly defeated when pro the additional burden of the recent and abuse lay only in social programs like posed by Jimmy Carter-were so broadly ac drowning death of their 15-year-old AFDC and medicare. cepted under Ronald Reagan. daughter. Their fondest hope now is And that's where the President applied But if the President is again driven to a to emigrate and start a new life the leeches of budget reform. Only defense tax increase to combat deficits-and if the spending was spared. There, the Reagan President is committed to protecting the 25- father, mother, and younger daugh budget ballooned to 1.6 trillion dollars. Busi percent personal tax cut and indexation ter-living free from harassment and ness and taxpayers in the upper brackets that follow-then further revenue must con persecution. did handsomely in the 1981 tax cut. And tinue to come through reform and cutbacks The granting of emigration visas to then came the rude awakening that the of business incentives. refuseniks would be a wise move for White House had bought the largest deficit The other alternatives, of course, are to Soviets, for it would soften their con in history-with economic recovery nowhere simplify-and broaden-personal income frontationist stance toward the rest of in sight. taxes. Or to initiate new taxes-windfall the world. The Soviets, like all govern Yet the drumbeat for even deeper spend taxes, consumption taxes, transaction taxes. ing cuts in domestic health and welfare pro Or-revive old ones. ments, cannot afford an image of grams-and the protection of the Presi What we were forced to do in this year's brutal disregard for human rights. dent's defense budget-continues. Until a tax bill was not an aberration-it will con My colleagues and I work to bring few months ago it was all right to cut do tinue as long as recession and high interest the stories of these refuseniks into the mestic spending in a recession-but raising rates and unemployment continue. public forum; we urge the Soviet au taxes was anathema. Not so long a110, tax policy was largely thorities to respect the rights of those What we won't hear in the State of the guided by escalating revenues as a result of who wish to emigrate; we remind the Union message is mention of the cost of the inflation. They were the old days before we U.S.S.R. of its commitment to the Hel recession. We never hear that a tremendous linked entitlement benefits to cost-of-living portion of the deficit is caused to reces increases. We had the false luxury of pass sinki accords. We continue to wait for sion-not only the bleeding of federal bene ing frequent individual tax cuts to take part the happy news that permission has fits to the unemployed, the poor and the of the sting out of bracket creep, payroll tax been granted, to the Shabashev family bankrupt, but also the dramatic loss of tax increases and recession. and to others, to live as they choose.e revenues. We also developed the habit of meeting The loss in revenue is astronomic. When every economic and social emergency with the Congressional Budget Office revised its tax remedies-from credits for the working THE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF deficit projections for 1985 from 60 billion poor to exemptions for pollution control. A THE DEATH OF ANWAR EL dollars to 150 billion dollars, 57 billion dol review of the tax code suggests that our SADAT lars of the increase was attributed to the generosity during the 1960s and 1970s was continued slide in GNP. They estimate that as frequent as it was costly. It was a knee a one-percent fall in GNP will cost the Jerk that continued right through last HON.CLEMENTJ.ZABLOCKI Treasury 28 billion dollars next year, 46 bil year's historic tax cut. OP WISCONSIN lion dollars in 1985 and 63 billion dollars in Then dawned the reality of 150 billion IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dollar deficits-and the continued pressure 1986. That's the cost of recession. Friday, October 1, 1982 We won't get those Reagan recession fig of cost-of-living adjustments and the rising ures in the State of the Union message; price of recession. e Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, as rather, the deficit will be blamed on exces For better or for worse, Reaganomics has other Members have already noted, in sive domestic spending. And once again we forced sudden change in the doctor-patient anticipation of Congress adjournment, will be asked to dig more money out of the relationships that tax writers have had with October 6 marks the first anniversary elderly and the poor in the midst of a reces business. sion. And there looms the bloodiest partisan The era of fiscal survival suddenly arrived. of the death of a great leader and struggle of next year. If this year's "fiscal responsibility act" is statesman, former President Anwar el Tax policy, like spending cuts, will rest the watershed I think it is, taxation will Sadat of Egypt. largely on the White House's assessment of play less and less a role in breaking the way Mr. Sadat was a frequent visitor to budget deficits-and the political risk of for free enterprise, and more of a role in the Committee on Foreign Affairs once again raising revenues on a grand raising revenue. dating back to the period when he scale. The nation's recovery depends on its con fidence that recovery can last. Only by served as Speaker of the Egyptian As The President may choose to wait out the sembly and then subsequently, on nu effects of the last two tax bills-hoping the striking a better balance between social stimulus of personal cuts and investment in compassion and fiscal toughness can the merous occasions, as President. At the centives will hasten recovery. So far the visi President lead us out of the wilderness. time of his tragic assassination, he was ble benefits from the cuts have been mini That will be the test when Congress and the undoubtedly the foreign leader who mal-belying the promise of supply-side eco President negotiate next year's national was most widely admired and respect nomic theory. agenda.• ed by Members of Congress and the The President's other option is to once American public. again suffer higher taxes rather than THE PLIGHT OF THE He was a man who made history, higher deficits. For the first time we saw and history will record his noble ef Ronald Reagan put pragmatism before phi REFUSENIKS losophy in throwing his active support forts to secure a Just and lasting peace behind a tax increase. He "swallowed hard," HON. MORRIS K. UDALL in the Middle East. As the United as he put it, and accepted the conventional OP ARIZONA States now confronts a new and in wisdom that reducing deficits reduces the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES creasingly complex situation in that pressure on interest rates. He also signaled troubled region, it is only fitting that to the financial markets his capacity for un Friday, October 1, 1982 we honor the memory of a man who popular turnabouts that is the mark of a e Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, I wish to was willing to take great risks and true leader. call to the attention of the House of assume enormous political burdens in But that turnabout, which was born of self-inflicted deficits, matured, in my opin Representatives the continuing plight the search for that elusive peace. ion, into the best balanced tax reform bill in of a Jewish family who have been re If an equitable and enduring settle decades. fused permission to emigrate from the ment of the Arab-Israeli conflict is to How ironic that the Republicans-the Soviet Union. be achieved, it will require, on all keepers of the conservative flame, the pro Leonid Shabashev and his family sides, the vision and the political cour tectors of special business interests-led a have been "refuseniks" since 1974. age of an Anwar Sadat. That is both .27642 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 the legacy and the challenge he has Acid rain, a relatively new term in the en charge of air pollution. "You can't say left behind.• vironmental lexicon, is a multibillion-dollar there's any reasonable probability of hitting problem-bllllons in damage and bllllons in the target." cleanup costs-for Canada and the United Canada counters that the Great Lakes ACID RAIN: IGNORING IT WILL States. And increasingly, acid rain has Water Quality Agreement, under which the NOT MAKE IT GO AWAY brought ominous new dimensions to rela two countries agreed to take action against tions between two traditionally friendly phosphate pollution in the Great Lakes, was countries. negotiated using far less conclusive research HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES Scientists here say that as much as 70 per than exists on acid rain. OP MARYLAND cent of Canada's acid rain damage is being "If we had waited for science in the case IN THE HOUSE 01' REPRESENTATIVES caused by pollutants originating in the of the Great Lakes," says Ontario's Norton, Frida'//, October 1, 1982 United States. They point specifically to "we'd have five of the world's biggest cess sulfur dioxide spewing from coal-fired util pools today." •Mr. BARNF.S. Mr. Speaker, the ity plants in the Ohio Valley. Roberts puts it even more succinctly. "To problem of acid rain is real. We know "Canada's National Minister of Environ procrastinate on the basis of a so-called lack how acid rain is created, and we know ment, John Roberts, calls it the single big of knowledge would be like hesitating to its effects. And despite the protesta gest irritant in U.S.-Canada relations." drain a malarial swamp because we didn't tions of the Reagan administration to "Canadians have a strong identity with know precisely which mosquitoes were car the contrary, we know that clean air is their natural environment," says Keith rying the disease." Norton, Roberts' counterpart in Ontario Canada's sense of urgency partly involves the answer to acid rain. During the province. "Close identification with a body geographic circumstance. The part of 1950's and 1960's many of the industri of water is part of the Canadian psyche." Canada receiving the heaviest onslaught of alized nations of the world simply ig Officials here acknowledge that more is at acid rain is the one most vulnerable to nored environmental problems. We stake in this international debate than damage-the Canadian Shield, stretching thought that there was no end to the music of frogs in the cherished Muskoka from the Georgian Bay in Ontario to the amount of pollutants that could be cottage country. Research increasingly indi Ottawa River. put into our air and water with little cates that harmful effects of acid rain also There soil is stretched thinly over ribs of or no impact. But now we all know dif show up in plant life, and its effects on granite left by the retreating glaciers a ferently. We know that pollution is human health are of growing concern. dozen millennia ago. The natural environ The firowtng body of scientific evidence ment, already highly acidic, has little capac dangerous to our environment, to the horrifies Canada. The $24 bllllon-a-year ity to buffer the impact of the acid rain. productivity of our lands and waters, forest products business is its largest indus Aquatic scientists say they do not know and to the health of our citizens. try, directly or indirectly employing more how fast the buffering capacity is being lost Yet, as a nation, the United States is than one in 10 Canadians. The vitality of its or whether the damage will be irreversible, still ignoring acid rain. In part, this is lakes and streams and lushness of its forests but they fear the region could be lost within because the greatest damage is not are crucial to tourism, its second most lucra a decade. When the United States proposes being done to our country. It is tive industry. Its third biggest industry is a lengthy program of additional research, Canada that is bearing the major commercial fishing, and salmon are disap Canadians respond that they do not have As pearing at an alarming rate from Canadian that much time. burden today. chairman of the Sub streams and rivers. Officials here say the administration's committee on Inter-American Affairs, A cost-conscious Reagan administration wait-and-see attitude spells almost certain which has Jurisdiction over U.S. rela quotes figures no less frightening. "We are doom for diplomatic negotiations being held tions in Canada, I am aware that the talking about an investment of in excess of under a memorandum of intent signed late issue of acid rain is fast becoming the $100 bllllon over the next 25 years for a pro in the Carter administration. Canada says major issue of United States-Canadian gram whose outcome remains uncertain," A. the United States has failed to negotiate in relations. Acid rain is not only poison Alan Hill, chairman of the White House good faith under that memorandum, signed ing Canadian lakes, it is poisoning our Council on Environmental Quality, told a Aug. 5, 1980, and worse yet, has reneged on U.S. Chamber of Commerce group last one of the memorandum's key provisions. relations with our close friends to the week. The memorandum, in which both coun north. We must address this situation, As a solution to the problem, Canada pro tries recognized acid rain as an "important and do so now. poses a massive cutback in industrial emis and urgent bilateral problem," called for If anyone has any doubt about this sions of both nations. Canada readily ac "vigorous enforcement" of existing anti-pol situation, I urge then to read the ex knowledges that its pollutants contribute to lution laws. But the EPA under Reagan has cellent series on acid rain by Cass Pe acidification of hundreds of lakes in New approved Clean Air Act exemptions that terson of the Washington Post. The York, Pennsylvania and other parts of the this year allowed legal venting of more than articles follow: Northeast. It has moved to cut emissions by 1 mllllon tons of additional sulfur dioxide. [From the Washington Post, Sept. 27, 19821 25 percent and promises a simllar cut if the "That does not appear to be, it is a trans United States takes reciprocal action. gression of an agreement made to us," Rob THI: BoRDD wAR OVER Acm RAIX Far from rising to the bait, the adminis erts says angrily. "I don't think any fair tration, committed to reducing expensive minded, or even not so fair-minded, person BRACDIUDGE, ORT.-Charlle Cameron, who regulation and promotin& new economic could read that memo and fall to see that has fished the waters of the Muskoka-Hali growth, has presented a wall of resistance. limitations were to be applied stringently." burton lake country in Ontario for more Its position, steadfastly defended by the The Reagan administration, he said, argues than 20 years, remembers that the pickerel Environmental Protection Aeency and the in effect that "the regulations allow exemp went first. State Department and reaffirmed by Hill tions and therefore are being vigorously ap. Then the lake trout disappeared, and fish last week, is that not enoueh is known plied when exemptions are granted." ermen were soon trading wry Jokes about about acid rain to Justify the huge expense The last round of negotiations under the going to the lake to drown worms. "All the of Canada's proposal. memorandum, held in Ottawa last June, finer fish, you Just can't catch any," Camer More than 3,000 studies have been done in showed so little promise that Roberts won on says ruefully. North America and Europe, where Scandi ders if they are worth pursuing: "I am not This year even the bullfrogs succumbed, navian countries identified acid rain as a in despair, but I am not optimistic, I'm not and there is unnatural silence in the cot major problem more than a decade ago. sure whether it's very useful for us to con tage-studded woods and along the lake There is little scientific disaereement about tinue." fronts of this famed resort area. But inside effects of acid rain or pollutants that cause Canada has found more useful an unprec those cottages, and in the government build it, but the White House will not budge. edented, and diplomatically risky, lobbying ings of Toronto and the halls of Parliament Until the science is developed, Hill said, campaign directed at the branch of govern in Ottawa, there is plenty of vocal anger "this administration cannot support a fur ment it feels will be most responsive: Con and resentment. Acid rain is klll1ng fish and ther emissions control program." gress. frogs in Muskoka lakes and in hundreds of The problem, as EPA officials express it, The Canadian Coalition Against Acid other lakes across eastern Canada and the is that no one knows precisely what effect, Rain, two-thirds funded by government northeastern United States. The rain is if any, an emissions cutback in one area will sources, opened a Washington office early acidified far beycnd normal levels by thou have on the lakes of another. last year and started knocking on Capitol sands of tons of airborne pollutants from in "It's a shot in the dark," says Kathleen Hill doors. The coalition is registered as an dustrial smokestacks. Bennett, associate EPA administrator in agency of a foreign government, although it .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27643 uses only private funds to run its Washing sition, and other Canadian officials deny from the Ohio River, the rich, rolling farm ton operation. that domestic politics affect the acid rain lands of Megis County, and the 395 resi The tactic is greeted testily in Foggy controversy. dents of Cheshire. Bottom. "This kind of direct involvement in "It is not a policy that springs from this But it doesn't just go away. At its most the legislative process is not something we government,'' said Roberts, noting that his basic, the problem posed by the phenome consider very helpful," says Thomas Niles, predecessor, John Fraser, a member of an non know as acid rain can be expressed by a the State Department official most directly opposition party, has spent nearly as much simple axiom: What goes up, must come involved in the acid rain negotiations. "We time speaking on the issue as has Roberts. down. The sullur dioxide undergoes a chem have an idea that it would be intensely "That's like James Watt asking Cecil ical change in the atmosphere, mixes with counterproductive.'' Andrus to go speak in his behalf,'' Roberts moisture and comes down as sulfuric acid in But members of Congress from the North says. the rain and snow hundreds of miles away, east, whose interest in curbing emissions Miles from the swirling debate at the killing vegetation and aquatic life, corroding parallels that of Canadians, have responded highest levels of government are frustrated metal and stone. with bills that could accomplish legislatively residents of Ontario's lake country. What When Canadian and American scientists what Canada fears it cannot achieve diplo ever the genesis of acid rain, they know its and environmentalists look for the villains matically. results. in the acid rain problem, their eyes fall on The key legislation is an acid rain provi The Ontario Department of Natural Re Gavin and dozens of other coal-fired power sion included in the rewrite of the Clean Air sources stocks lakes where Charlie Cameron plants that line the Ohio and other rivers in Act approved by the Senate Environment fishes and, when he catches those fish, he the coal-rich Ohio Valley. and Public Works Committee, chaired by finds blackened roe inside. The fish live long The people who run Gavin think that's a Sen. Robert T. Stafford . That provi enough to be caught but cannot reproduce. cheap shot. sion would mandate over 12 years a reduc Scientists blame acid rain, and Cameron "Utilities have historically been an easy tion of 8 billion tons in sulfur dioxide and isn't arguing. target. They're politically vulnerable," says nitrogen oxide emissions in a 31-state area "The United States and Canada could stop A. Joseph Dowd, an executive with the of the eastern United States. It also would it if they wanted to,'' he complains. "It American Electric Power Co. "It's an admin require a speedup in acid rain research. would cost a few billion dollars, . but BQ istrative convenience to deal with several Canada's Parliament praised Stafford and what? Why not?" large sources of pollutants." That AEP is re his colleagues, unanimously voting to com At Plastic Lake, an inelegantly named dot sponsible for several large sources of pollut mend the committee's move "to force action of water in the, Muskeb./Halibttrton lake ants' ls not in Question. In 1980, Gavin emit on the urgent problem of acid rain." But region, scientists are conducting intensive ted more sulfur dioxide than any other the bill's future is uncertain because of research they hope will help end the scien power plant in the United States. Many of heavy resistance by industry, the adminis tific controversy. Canadian researchers who the 18 other coal-fired power plants owned tration and congressmen from states that work here call Plastic Lake an "intensiv~ by AEP weren't far behind. would bear the greatest financial burden of care unit,'' and the visual image suggests But the utilities point out that acid rain emission cutbacks. that. can be caused by more than coal-burning. Potentially more important, the Canadi Dozens of plastic cylinders strewn Automobiles, for example, give off nitrogen ans have taken their case into the U.S. through the woods collect rain for analysis oxide, which undergoes the same kind of courts. With the approval of Ottawa, the in nearby trailer-house laboratories. A chemical changes in the atmosphere. Scien province of Ontario has intervened in rule recent rain there was found to be more than tists put the acidic composition of acid rain maklng and legal actions to force states to 10 times as acidic as normal rain. at about two-thirds sulfuric acid and one comply with existing Clean Air Act provi Needles, bark and other bits of litter are third nitric acid, and there is some evidence sions on interstate pollution. caught in fine screen meshes for testing, that the nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere In the meantime, Canadian officials and trees are monitored to determine how may be of additional importance as a cata accuse the administration of acting in bad acidity has affected their growth cycle. lyst for the formation of acids. faith on additional acid rain research, the While the stuff of international confron Dispute continues over which ingredient one measure the White House says it sup tation drips gently from the leaves and of acid rain causes how much damage and ports. trickles across the forest floor, aquatic sci precisely where. But several things are In an era of budget cuts, Reagan has pro entist Dr. Tom Brydges points out concrete clear: The problem will cost billions to re posed a 70 percent increase in research conduits that lead into and out of Plastic solve, coal is a major culprit, and electric funds to study acid rain-$22 million for Lake. Scientists use them to monitor every utilities are the main users of coal. fiscal 1983. But Canada says the administra possible drop of water that enters or leaves AEP burns more than 43 million tons of tion has been cool to recent scientific find the lake. coal every year, much of it high-sulfur coal ings, including a National Academy of Sci Plastic Lake is not dead, but Brydges says from its own mines. As pressure grows here ences report last year that recommended a it is dying, If the study continues long and in Canada to reduce sulfur dioxide 50 percent decrease in acid depositions, and enough and acid rain keeps falling, evidence emissions as a remedy for acid rain, AEP believes the administration has hindered gathered will provide material for its obitu stands to lose on two counts, both of them the research process. The White House re ary. costly to AEP and to Ohioans. It could be jected a plan to have the National Academy "You don't see massive destruction,'' forced to give up its high-sulfur coal mines of Sciences and the Royal Society of Brydges says. "Things quietly disappear." and use higher-priced low-sulfur coal, poten Canada review research being done by tially throwing hundreds of Ohio miners panels under the Memorandum of Intent. CFrom the Washington Post, Sept. 28, 19821 out of work. Or it could be compelled to Instead, the White House Office of Science ACID RAIN VERSUS Cl.EANuP COSTS SEEN AS A clean up its act with expensive equipment to and Technology has chosen a group of out CHOICE OP POISONS "scrub" the sulfur dioxide from its emis side scientists to act as a unilateral "peer sions. Either action would boost electricity review" panel. CHESHIRE, OHIO-It takes 28 pulverizers, rates charged to AEP's customers. The White House environmental adviser each crushing 60 tons of coal an hour, to But AEP doesn't think that will happen. said at the time that the earlier NAS report feed the two massive boilers at the General It is counting on political pressures and eco led the administration to wonder "whether James M. Gavin power plant, a behemoth nomic arguments to stay its sentence. an objective review would be done." with stacks twice as high as the Washington "When you come down to deadlines, when Canadian officials see no reason for a sep Monument rising along the banks of the the United Mine Workers are running arate review but are even more concerned Ohio River. through the halls of Congress, they'll do that the panel, with its close White House Gavin can generate 2,600 megawatts of what is euphemistically called a midcourse ties, will be under pressure to make its sci electrical power every hour-about half the correction," Dowd says. entific findings conform with administra generating capacity of Washington's Pepco Behind the bravado of Dowd's words lies a tion policy. system-and in the process it burns 7~ mil very real concern in the Ohio Valley. Unem U.S. officials reply that the process has lion tons of coal a year. Sixty percent of it is ployment levels here are hovering around 14 been politicized in Canada, contending that high-sulfur coal mined in Ohio. percent. The industrial plants that draw the Canadian government is simply using The coal rolls in by conveyor belt, an um their power from the Gavins of the area are the issue of acid rain to deflect attention bilical cord connecting Gavin with the reeling under the effects of a nationwide re from its more politically divisive economic Meigs No. 1 mine 10 miles away. In 1980 cession. problems. more than 375,000 tons of sulfur doxide, a If the kind of acid rain remedies proposed Canada, like the United States, is suffer lethal byproduct from burning that coal, by Canada or contemplated by Congress ing through recession and high unemploy poured from the top of Gavin's lofty stacks. became law, Dowd told the Senate Energy ment. But Roberts, who holds an elected po- The stacks keep the sulfur dioxide away and Natural Resources Committee last .27644 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 month, it would be a "knockout blow to "There is no nation on earth more willing "They are using it to advance the sale of local economies in the Midwest which are to control air pollution than the United power," said Dowd. "There is an enormous already on the ropes." States," she says. "But you cannot explain amount of generating capacity in that coun What most worries AEP and other utility to the people that it will save a single lake." try. They have no market for it in Canada. companies is the acid rain provision con Bennett contends that an effective, It's pretty easy to see what will happen." tained in the Clean Air Act rewrite ap though less immediate, mechanism for curb The theory gained prominence recently proved by the Senate Environment and ing acid rain is already in place-the Clean when Ontario Hydro and General Public Public Works Committee. That provision Air Act, the rewrite of which is stalled in Utilities announced a joint project to bring would force an 8-million-ton reduction in the House and unlikely to come up for Canadian electricity into Pennsylvania and emissions over 12 years in a 31-state area action soon in the Senate. New Jersey throught a cable under Lake east of and bordering the Mississippi River. EPA notes that emissions have already Erie. That project eventually fell through Utility companies and the coal industry dropped by 5 million tons under the provi for economic rather than diplomatic rea are fighting that legislation with a barrage sions of the 12-year-old Clean Air Act, and sons, Canada insists-but it added consider of figures that even Dowd acknowledges are under its provisions, new sources of pollu able fuel to the controversy. "so astounding that nobody believes them tion are required to meet stringent "new The Canadians deny that they have any but us." source" emission levels. EPA says the result, aspirations to set themselves up as massive AEP says that electricity rates would in as older and less efficient power plants go exporter of electric power to the United crease by more than 50 percent for its resi out of service over the next couple of dec States, and a recent congressional report dential customers, by nearly 80 percent for ades, will be a gradual lowering of emissions. found that "Canadian electricity probably industrial users. The National Coal Associa "In 1995, we'll be at exactly the same cannot be substituted on a significant scale tion, quoting figures from the United Mine place Cas called for in the Senate acid rain for U.S. coal-fired capacity because of tech Workers, says that more than a third of the provision], without spending a minimum of nical, regulatory and political contraints." coal-mining labor force would be affected, $30 billion," Bennett says. But the utilities are skeptical, and they and $6.6 billion in income would be lost Environmentalists dispute that prediction. have added the electricity conspiracy theory every year. In the first place, they say, the acid damage to an arsenal of other arguments against "It's very difficult for a congressman to be problem is cumulative and its solution acid rain legislation. courageous when he's confronted with this cannot wait until 1995. In the second place, "The industry campaign is highly orga kind of cost data," says one Capitol Hill they contend that the history of enforce ment under the Clean Air Act has not been nized and financed," says NRDC's Barrett aide. exemplary. "States have until 1985 to meet Brown. "All they have to do is cloud the Environmental groups say the industry 1980 reductions," says Liz Barrett-Brown of issue." figures are a lot of hooey, and they back up the Natural Resources Defense Council. In a circular included recently in electrici their assertions with cost studies of their "We're 1.5 million tons away from achieving ty bills, AEP urged its customers to write to own. that." their congressmen in opposition to the A recent congressional comparison of two Meanwhile, utility officials and environ Senate bill. It was headlined: "Spend 20 of the cost analyses-one done for the mental protectionists in Ohio aren't above cents to save yourself thousands of dol Edison Electric Institute, an industry group, doing a little finger-pointing of their own on lars."• and the other for the National Wildlife Fed this subject, suggesting that Canada and eration and the National Clean Air Coali the northeast states are the cause of their tion-found that the annual costs would own distress. OBSERVATIONS ON THE 1982 range between $2.4 billion to $4.6 billion in "Those guys have about the worst record ELECTION 1990. That translates into a 2.4 to 4.6 per in the world," Wayne Nichols director of cent increase in electricity rates, the study Ohio EPA says of Canada. Dowd is fond of said, and it added that the 10 states most displaying a chart that shows the pollution HON. LEE H. HAMILTON heavily affected by the Senate provision densities in New Jersey and Massachusetts OF INDIANA "would still enjoy a significant advantage in are nearly as high as that of Ohio, when ni IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lower electricity rates than the other states trogen oxide is added in. Friday, October 1, 1982 in the reduction program." Canada is acutely aware that Canadian But 'the congressional study also included auto emissions standards are significantly e Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I a caveat, one of particular importance to looser than those in the United States, and would like to insert my Washington AEP and other users of local high-sulfur that the massive INCO nickel and copper Report into the CONGRESSIONAL coal: One of the least expensive methods of smelter, whose 1,250-foot-high "superstack" RECORD: reducing sulfur emissions is simply to switch is the highest single emitter of sulfur diox to lower-sulfur coal. Neither study explored ide in North America, sits on the edge of the OBSERVATIONS ON THI: 1982 ELECTION the impact of high-sulfur coal states taking Georgian Bay Just 150 miles north of Ontar As the first Tuesday in November draws action to protect that critical industry by io's sensitive Muskoka-Haliburton lake near, it should come as no surprise that forbidding such switching. country. members of Congress are spending much "The practical political reality is that in But Canada says it is taking steps to bring time talking politics and are asking our those states we would never be permitted to its polluters into line. In the mid-1960s, selves these questions: What are the main switch," says Dowd. INCO was putting 7,000 tons of sulfur diox issues in the election? Will President There are a lot of practical political reali ide into the air each day. It isn't putting any Reagan be involved even though he is not ties at work in this debate, and one of them in the air now-it is closed down as a result running? Which party will come out on top? involves an administration that came into of soft world markets-but when it reopens, What ideas will the candidates try to get office promising to cut back on expensive it will be under government orders to keep across to the voters? What factors will influ regulation and put a foundering economy its emissions below 2,500 tons a day and ence the election? How much money will be back on its feet. then cut them even further, to 1,950 tons a spent? With that goal clearly in mind, virtually day. With a month to go to election day, the every agency of the Reagan administration, Ontario Hydro, Ontario's major utility economy is clearly the voters' first concern. from the White House and State Depart company and the second largest contributor A number of factors could alter the picture, ment to the Energy Department and the of airborne pollutants in the province, is but through the summer and early fall, un Environmental Protection Agency, has come under similar orders to cut its emissions. employment, inflation, and interest rates out solidly against enactment of the Senate Their actions have so far been met with have been the issues Hoosiers have talked acid rain provision or anything like it. skepticism in Washineton. "They're saying most about. Imports, social security, and Their key argument is that the scientific we'll control 50 percent if you will, and we'll taxes are also mentioned. evidence does not support costly new regula start when you start," says Bennett. "Start? The public reaction to the President's eco tions. But in her 9th floor office at EPA We've been at it for 12 years." nomic program will be a key factor in the headquarters in Washington, Kathleen Ben Utility officials, and their supporters in election. I find a few people who strongly nett, associate administrator for air pollu the Reagan administration, suspect that support the program, more who believe that tion programs, is quick to acknowledge that there is a dark ulterior motive to Canada's it has not worked up to this point, and she is not a scientist. She is a regulator, op concern over acid rain. Forcing U.S. utilities many more who are ambivalent about it. erating under the purview of cost versus to jack up their rates to pay for expensive People seem to be in a cautious mood, con benefit. What she wants, in effect, is some emission control programs, they say, will cerned about their own affairs and unwill solid evidence that a cutback in emissions at leave an open door for the export of power ing to draw firm conclusions about present point A will ease acid rain damage at point from Canada's nuclear and hydroelectric economic policies. Other matters, such as B. generating plants. crime, the social issues, and the nuclear .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27645 freeze, may figure in the election, but they voters which won them the Presidency in weeks of his arrival he was training in will be secondary to the economy. I do not 1980. Blue-collar workers may return to the terns himself. Assigned to help cover see issues of foreign policy having much Democratic Party, and New Right voters the Science and Technology Commit impact in congressional elections-except in may go with the Demo dled with an ease that made them creases in defense spending. In many areas, crats or boycott the election. Yet another seem effortless. Progress in developing the election is revolving around local issues factor in this election is the impact of the the Science and Technology Caucus and the styles and personalities of the can congressional redistricting which followed was made possible by his skills; yet didates. Due to better organization and fi the 1980 census. Many hard-hit states-such these skills were not confined to sheer nancing, the Republicans will probably do as Michigan and Ohio-lost congressional "job performance." Clearly a person of better if the election has a local focus. seats in Democratic urban areas. The more great capability and responsibility, at I look for the President to take an active conservative states in the South and West role in the campaign even though his name gained seats. Will this switch favor the Re the same time Mr. Shafer established is not on the ballot: to one degree or an publicans, or will it be offset in states such himself in the office as a fellow other, his economic program will be at issue. as California, where the Democrats con worker, warmly regarded by everyone. Expectations about the election, which trolled redistricting? My office misses the spirit and joy often determine which party wins or loses in One aspect of the election is certain even that Mr. Shafer brought in to work the public eye, are generally interpreted in now. Political fund-raising and campaign each day. Federal agencies which the same way by experts in both parties. spending will break all records in 1982. In maintain professionals of his caliber The Democrats are expected to gain a sub flation, while a factor, does not begin to ex truly serve Congress and the country stantial number of seats in the House. They plain the surge in financial activity. Rather, now hold 241 House seats, the Republicans the cause is the "professionalization" of pol wen.e hold 192, and there are two vacancies. The itics in the form of organizers, pollsters, and election will probably be "won" or "lost" in consultants. It may cost $20 million Just to IN MEMORIAM-SAMUEL C. the battle for the House, and that battle elect the Governor of California. It is will hinge primarily on the 58 districts thought that campaign spending for House JACKSON where neither party has an incumbent run and Senate races alone will exceed $300 mU ning. No major changes are looked for in llon, comps.red to $240 million in 1980. HON .. JULIAN C. DIXON the Senate. Of the 32 Senate seats in ques When it comes to money, the Republicans OF CALIFORBIA tion, 19 are now held by Democrats and 13 have a great advantage. They had $31 mil by Republicans. The Democrats are expect lion at the start of July. The Democrats had IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESDTATIVES ed to gain governorships even though they a mere $2 million. It is obvious why the Friday, October 1, 1982 hold 20 of the 36 posts at issue. Democrats fear being overwhelmed.• The Democrats will emphasize the condi • Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, on Sep tion of the economy. They will hit at unem tember 27, 1982, America lost an out ployment, business bankruptcies, farm fore RICHARD SHAFER standing businessman, a dedicated pol closures, and high interest rates. They will itician, an expert corporate attorney, argue that Mr. Reagan's program is unfair, HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY and a staunch civil rights activist. that the President is intent on slashing OF CALIFORNIA Samuel C. Jackson was a black Repub social security benefits, and that the aver lican who served under three Presi age American is being squeezed hard by an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dents and carried the ban!ler of civil economic program which cannot work. Friday, October 1, 1982 Their attack will stress the big tax cuts for rights to the higher echelons of both the rich and the huge cuts in spending for •Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, con parties. programs intended to benefit middle-class gressional offices are, of course, ac Sam was also a religious man, whose families and the poor. The themes of the quainted with the services of our Fed spirituality, sense of humor and zest Democratic campaign will be a mid-course eral agencies, but usually at some dis for life rubbed off on all who knew correction for the economy and a trimming tance from the individuals who actual him. He was a man driven with the back of the excesses of the President's eco ly carry out agency functions. Thus, desire to make this country a better nomic program, which Just went too far in all terms of tax and budget cuts. For the Demo when I had the opportunity to employ place for citizens. Sam was a very crats, the problems are the personal popu a congressional fellow from the Na successful man who put only his larity of the President, the money and virtu tional Institutes of Health, I wanted to family before his work. osity of the Republican campaign machine, take advantage of the abilities of an In 1965, President .Lyndon B. John and the perception that the Democrats do agency worker, and also widen the son appointed him as one of the five not have a good alternative. base of my office's exposure to such orglnial Commissioners of the U.S. The Republicans will emphasize both the professionals on a personal level. The Equal Employment Opportunity Com past and the future. They will talk about results have been most rewarding in mission. In 1969, President Nixon the drop in interest rates and the progress him made in cutting the rate of inflation. They every way. I enthusiastically recom named Assistant Secrertary for will forecast further progress based on eco mend these fellowships for the assist Housing and Urban Development, nomic policies which are painful but funda ance of other congressional offices. most recently President Reagan mentally sound. The unifying theme of Close contact with Mr. Richard named him to the Blue Ribbon Com their campaign will be the extra chance Shafer, the executive officer in the Di mission on Housing in January of they think the President should have. They vision of Research Resources at NIH, 1981. In 1972, Sam helped organize will plead for more time to get the economic more than justified my expectation of and became chairman of the Black recovery underway; after all, it took so long an excellent learning opportunity. In Council, a group of 40 top-level gov for the problems to develop. Their theme is ernment officials who opposed a con defensive since it grants that the economic fact, his innovative and thorough com recovery is not yet here despite predictions mand of assignments quickly proved stitutional amendment to prohibit that it would be. A weak economy is the Re him to be an indispensable part of my schoolbusing. He was the founder of publicans' basic problem. office, so that we all were reluctant to the Council of 100, a national group of In sum, the Republicans will urge pa see him leave and resume his career black Republican businessmen who tience and the Democrats will urge fairness. after his 4 months with us. Out of his have been influential in Republican The voters realize that these themes are not longstanding involvement at NIH, Mr. politics. earth-shaking. Neither party is breaking Shafer brought to my office a keen Sam served as general manager of new ground. the New Communities Development Politicians are discussing several factors sense of administrative order and a which may make a difference in the elec sensitivity to the executive branch of Corp. He had been a national trustee tion. Polls show that women, by a margin of Government, helping to bridge the of the NAACP special contributions five to 12 percentage points, support Demo often bogged-down dialog between ex fund, and was a former NAACP board cratic candidates. Also, it is unclear whether ecutive and legislative arms. He adapt member of its national legal commit the Republicans will hold the coalition of ed to the office so rapidly that within tee. Sam served in the U.S. Air Force, ,27646 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 directed the Topeka office of the pendence of Somalia and the freedom THE MULTIEMPLOYER RETIRE NAACP and was deputy counsel of the of its people.e MENT INCOME PROTECTION Kansas Social Welfare Deparment. ACT OF 1982 One of the first cases that Sam worked on as a young attorney was the NOTCH ACT land.mark Brown against Board of HON. KEN HOLLAND Education decision, in which the U.S. OP' SOUTH CAROLINA Supreme Court held unconstitutional HON. BARNEY FRANK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES segregation in public schools. OP' :MASSACHUSETTS Friday, October 1, 1982 With the passing of this dynamic in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dividual, I have lost a true friend and • Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, on this country has lost a great humani Friday, October 1, 1982 September 30, 1982, I introduced on behalf of the Coalition for Pension tarian. To his lovely wife Judith, his • Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Wil two daughters Brenda and Marcia and Reform H.R. 7233, the Multiemployer liam Hannan is the retired editor of Retirement Income Protection Act of their families, I extend my deepest the Attleboro Sun Chronicle in Attle sympathy in this loss which we all 1982. Since that time I have received boro, Mass. Mr. Hannan has been a numerous inquiries for further infor share. His accomplishments and ef frequent contributor to the Sun forts leave a legacy of which his mation regarding this important bill. I Chronicle since retiring. He has hope that the following history, dis family and the entire black nation can brought to my attention the following be proud.e cussion of the underlying premises editorial that appeared in the Sun and section-by-section analysis of H.R. Chronicle this fall on the Notch Act. I 7233 will be helpful. SOMALIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY think this is an instructive editorial During the 10-year drive leading to that highlights the inequities created the enactment of the Employee Re HON. JOHN LeBOUTIWER by the Notch Act and I wish to share tirement Income Security Act of 1974 OP' NEW YORK with my colleagues this piece. CERISA>. the single most politically The article follows: potent subject was pension plan termi IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nation insurance. The widely publi Friday, October 1, 1982 FAIRNESS DEMANDS REMOVING "NOTCH" cized Studebaker collapse, which re e Mr. LEBOUTILLIER. Mr. Speaker, Persons born in the years 1917 through sulted in drastic cuts in benefits of re On October 21, an important celebra 1919 have a special stake in efforts to undo tirees and deferred vested employees, tion of freedom from tyranny will be the effects of the "notch" amendment to and other similar single employer plan observed by the Republic of Somalia. the Social Security Act of 1977, but they terminations, ignited media and con It was on this day, 23 years ago, that should be joined by all Americans who be gressional interest as did no other Somalia won a struggle against oppres lieve in fair play. ERISA issue. Although there had The "notch" nickname seems to derive been few, if any, terminations of mul sion by winning its national independ from the fact that the amendment chipperl ence. In addition, it is also the 13th an out of the Social Security system, as you tiemployer plans prior to 1974, Con niversary of the bloodless revolution would chip a notch out of a tree, persons gress was unwilling to provide termi of 1969, which brought the current born in those years and assigned them nation protection for only those em President, Mohammed Said Barre, smaller payments than they would have re ployees in single employer plans. into office. ceived if they were treated the same as per Members recognized the difficulty of It is, indeed, ironic that the Soma sons born in other years. explaining to the constituent who was lian Independence Day will be preclud The House of Representatives, with the a participant in a multiemployer plan ed by the 1 lh Ethiopian divisions that Senate concurring, has directed the commis why his benefits were not insured have been threatening Somalian secu sioner of Social Security and the Secretary against the risk of plan termination rity since July of this year. of Health and Human Services to conduct a while those of his neighbor, a partici Ethiopia has been the recipient of study and report to Congress on steps that pant in a single employer plan, were more than $3 billion worth of Soviet can be taken to correct the "benefit dispari fully protected. equipment. By way of contrast, appro ty known as the notch problem." But the 1974 insurance program was priations for FMS credits to Somalia The House resolution, H. Con. Res. 22 was flawed in several respects regarding by the United States have been only submitted by Rep. Brinkley and co-spon multiemployer plans, and fear of mass $70 million since 1980. Much of this sored by Rep. Barney Frank. withdrawal by contributing employers, has yet to be delivered. It has been pointed out that the economic leading to large claims on the Pension The necessity of safeguarding Soma conditions combined with the formula Benefit Guaranty Corporation lian freedom should be of primary con changes to unjustly penalize when they re CPBGC>, resulted in the development tired those born in 1917 and thereafter. It cern to the United States. Somalia, also has been pointed out that simply to of the Multiemployer Pension Plan which controls the vital access to the repeal the 1977 benefit formula would cost Amendments Act of 1980 CMPPAA>. Bab-el-mandeb at the Gulf of Aden, is the Social Security Old Age and Survivor's which changed the "insurable event" of central strategic importance to U.S. Insurance Trust Fund about $7 billion while for multiemployer plans from plan ter interests. If this area is lost to the So imposing a further penality on those who mination to plan insolvency and insti viets, the Western counterweight chose to retire in 1979 through 1981 at age tuted withdrawal liability. Withdrawal against full control of the region by 62 through 64. liability was intended to be a control the Soviet Union will be lost. It is interesting to note that the National mechanism to prevent abuse of the in Moreover, as a result of an influx of Commission on Social Security, after exten surance system through mass with nearly 2 million refugees fleeing from sive investigation, agreed that the disparity drawal, and to provide protection to Communist aggressions, Somalia faces in benefit amounts was unjust and that remaining contributing employers tremendous economic and social prob steps should be taken to resolve it. against having to assume responsibil lems. Without some type of assistance The Social Security system no doubt ity for unfunded liabilities attributa Somalia will be unable to integrate needs plenty of attention and reworking, ble to a withdrawing employer. these refugees into its society. but to single certain age groups out for During the development of MPPAA The Soviet Union has targeted So lesser payments than others with identical by the PBGC and, later, in the Con malia since 1980. As a result, the work records is manifestly unfair. This mes gress, PBGC's institutional concerns United States must be steadfast in its sage would be a good one to send to your about mass withdrawal were skillfully support, and provide the means neces legislators in Congress.e exploited, as was the difference in out sary to preserve the national inde- look between employers who saw October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27647 themselves as "stayers" in multiem c. Makes employers unwilling to join as a level that is double the amount ot mul ployer plans and those who saw them plans, resulting in stagnation or shrinkage tiemployer plan guaranteed basic benefits selves as "leavers." In addition, the an of the plans' contribution bases: actually paid out in the preceding year. tipathy of large comps,nies that main d. Treats withdrawing employers inequita For plan years during which the bill is en tain single employer plans toward bly; and acted, all plans would pay the existing $1.40 e. Is counterproductive to the best inter premium. Thereafter, a plan would pay at. PBGC premium increases and toward ests of employees in these industries. above. or below the standard rate depending proposals to use general tax revenues The policy of the bill is to- on its vested benefits funding ratio, in ac to finance the insurance program was a. Strengthen plans by encouraging more cordance with the following schedule: capitalized upon resulting in support adequate funding; Vested benefits funding ratio and premium for the 1980 amendments from many b. Treat plans and contributing employers of those companies, and further frag more equitably by instituting a system of Greater than 0.9-1: 65 percent of standard risk-related premiums for PBGC insolvency premium <$.91>. menting the employer community. 0.7-1 to 0.9-1: Standard premium <$1.40>. Recognizing the history outlined insurance: c. Normalize day-to-day business transac 0.5-1 to 0.6999-1: 150 percent of standard above, H.R. 7233 is based on the fol tions among employers: premium <$2.10). lowing premises: d. Provide equitable treatment for both Less than 0.5-1: 300 percent of standard An insurance program that will pro employers who remain as contributors to premium <$4.20). tect employees and retirees under mul plans and employers who withdraw from As with the new funding rules, calculation tiemployer pension plans from plan in plans. of a plan's vested benefits funding ratio solvency is not only necessary and de TITLE I-AMENDMENTS TO ERISA must be made in accordance with the stand ards of ERISA section 302. sirble, it is also a political imperative 4. Section 101. This section explains that for the Congress; This section is effective with respect to references to sections and other provisions plan years beginning after the date of enact Withdrawal liability is a necessary in Title I of the bill are references to ment. component of the insurance program, ERISA, except as otherwise noted. 7. Section 104. Contributions and Benefits but the proper role of withdrawal li 5. Section 102. Special Funding Rules for Payable Following Plan Termination ability is to prevent abuse of the insur Multiemployer Plans . ployer is largely a function of the This section recognizes that the single contributing employers is limited to the plan's funding status; incentives that most important factor in determining the PBGC guaranteed level of benefits. not a!l cause multiemployer plans to improve vested benefits. It further provides that. size of a withdrawing employer's liability is under a terminated plan, benefits for all their funding will also lower withdraw the gap between the value of a plan's assets participants who are more than 5 years al liability. The best protection for all and the value of its liability for vested bene younger the plan's normal retirement age at concerned-retirees, employees, em fits. It prohibits a multiemployer pension the time of termination shall be limited to ployers, and the PBGC-is provided by plan from increasing its unfunded vested benefits by providing a retrospective benefit the guaranteed level. ~- combination of incentives for better increase or by granting past service credit, This section is effective upon enactment. funding and modified withdrawal li unless the "vested benefits funding ratio" 8. Section 105. Asset Sales section 4204>. The insurance program should be is - drawal. by the covered plans, and the premi During the first 5 years after enact First, where due to a bona fide. arm's um actually paid by a plan should re ment of the bill, at least 0.7-1: and length sale of assets, a seller ceases oper flect the risk presented by that plan to During the sixth and all subsequent ations covered by the plan or ceases contri the insurance program, measured by years after enactment, at least 0.9-1. Asset and vested benefit values must be butions to the plan. neither a complete nor the plan's funding level; calculated as required for other ERISA pur a partial withdrawal will occur if- Notwithstanding the general necessi poses under ERISA section 302 ("ru>sump The purchaser has substantially the ty for withdtawal liability rules, all tions and methods which, in the aggregate, same obligation to contribute as the seller contributing employers should be are reasonable," etc.>. had, i.e., is obligated to contribute with re· treated fairly, whether they are "stay Plan participants and contributing em· spect to the covered operation at least 85 ers" or "leavers," and involuntary ployers must be notified of plan amend percent of the average of the seller's annual withdrawals should not result in liabil ments which increase benefits or grant past contribution base units during the three service credit, and must also be informed of plan years ending before the date of the ity. sale: Continued viability of multiemploy the calculations used to determine the assets to vested benefits ratio. The purchaser provides a letter of er plans depends not only on removing PBGC may vary the ratios for recently credit equal to the greater of- incentives for withdrawal but also on created or recently merged plans, and for The seller's contributions for the cov not reduce the plan's vested benefits fund ered operations during the plan year ending ing employers and undue impediments immediately before the plan year in which to constructive labor relations. ing ratio below a certain point. An action by the plan trustees or the col the sale occurs, A brief section-by-section analysis lective bargaining parties that violates the which is due and payable to the extent nec follows: ratio rules is void, and any credit or benefit essary if, during the five plan years begin BRIEF SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF R.R. increase provided thereby is disallowed. ning after the sale, the purchaser withdraws 7233, MULTIEMPLOYER RETIREMENT INCOME This section is effecti\•e upon enactment. from the plan or fails to make a contribu PROTECTION ACT OF 1982 6. Section 103. Risk-Related Premiums tion when due: and 1. Section 1. Short Title. The short title of . The contract of sale provides for sec the bill is the "Multiemployer Retirement This section designates the premium pres ondary liability of the seller if the purchas Income Protection Act of 1982.'' ently paid by all multiemployer plans to the er has a complete or partial withdrawal and 2. Section 2. Table of Contents. PBGC for benefit guarantee protection does not pay its withdrawal liability. The 3. Section 3. Findings and Declaration of <$1.40 per participant per year> as the seller's secondary liability is calculated as if Policy. The findings highlight the major "standard" premium for all plan years be the seller had withdrawn on the date of the problem areas addressed by the bill. Con ginning after the date the bill is enacted, sale without the benefit of the asset sale gress finds that in industries in which multi unless PBGC requests and Congress ap rule, and is phased down at the rate of 203 employer plans exist, existing law- proves an increase in the standard premium, a year. For example, if the purchaser's with a. Adversly affects labor relations: or Cb) PBGC raises drawal occurs six months after the sale. the b. Unduly restricts ongoing business ac the standard premium to the extent neces seller's secondary liability is 90% of the li tivities; sary to keep its multiemployer plan assets ability the seller would have had absent the 27648 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October JO, 1981 asset sale rules: if the purchaser's withdraw liquidation occurs within one year of m the 14. Section 111. Reduction of Liability in al occurs 30 months after the sale, the sell death of a sole proprietor who was actively Certain Withdrawals . would have been: and if the withdrawal death of a 50% or more partner, if the de Section 111 provides that in the case of occurs after the end of the fifth plan year, ceased partner was actively engaged in man withdrawal due to- the seller has no secondary liability. aging the business of the partnership, or A decertification of a union, .. If the seller's assets are distributed or the the death of a 50% or more sharehold Cb> A change in union or a cessation of seller is liquidated before the end of the er, if the deceased shareholder was actively union representation, or fifth plan year, the seller must provide a engaged in managing the business of the Cc> An agreement between an employer letter of credit in an amount equal to the corporation; and a union pursuant to which the employ present value of the percentage of with A natural disaster directly causing ces er withdraws, drawal liability for which the seller would sation of an employer's operations: if the participants in the multiemployer be secondarily liable if the purchaser with Cc> Loss by an employer of a service con· drew at the time of the distribution or liqui plan <"old plan"> employed by the employer tract or lease which directly causes the em become participants in another multiem dation. ployer's cessation of its operations at a facil The second rule under which an asset sale ployer plan or in a single employer plan ity not owned or controlled by the employ <"new plan"), the old plan must transfer an will not be a withdrawal ls if, immediately er>: or after the sale, Ca> the purchaser's net worth appropriate amount of assets and benefit li Cd> Cessation of an operation at a facility abilities to the new plan, and the employer's located on property of the U.S., a State, or a exceeds the withdrawal liability the seller withdrawal liability is offset by the excess political subdivision of a State, as a direct of the value of unfunded vested benefits would have had if the sale were considered a result of government action. withdrawal, and Cb> the purchaser's obliga transferred over the value of the assets tion to contribute with respect to the cov This section is effective upon enactment. transferred. ered operation is substantially the same 12. Section 109. Dispute Resolution and This section is effective upon enactment. <85%> as the seller's was. Payment of Liability . creases for Insolvent Plans and Plans in Re tion base units and contribution history at Section 109 provides that, in cases where organization . tributable to an operation that is sold in an the statutory arbitration provision is in This section makes it clear that the addi asset sale meeting the requirements of voked, withdrawal liability payments are tional amount that an employer may be re either of the two rules described above not required to begin until 15 days after the quired to contribute to a p-Ian that is insol shortens the time pe gained annual contribution rate> applies on ability determination respecting the seller. riods for requesting review of the plan's de an employer-by-employer basis and not on This section ls effective upon enactment, terminations respecting Withdrawal and li an aggregate basis. but the new rule for disregard of contribu ability, and for invoking arbitration, Cb> This section is effective upon enactment. tion base units and contribution history in a clarifies the application of the review proc 16. Section 113. Retroactive Withdrawal seller's subsequent withdrawal is retroactive ess, Cc> provides that until PBGC publishes Liability makes it clear that arbitra drawals occurring before September 26, 9. Section 106. Exemption From Liability tors shall not be personally liable for deci 1980, the enactment date of MPPAA. and for Withdrawals From Fully Funded Plans sions regarding withdrawal liability, and Ce> provides that payments already made re . This section amends Internal Revenue those prescribed by PBGC, the liability of This section provides that within 270 days Code section 412 to conform to the ERISA withdrawing employers under such a plan of the end of each plan year, plans must changes made by bill section 102. must be calculated in accordance with the provide free of charge to each contributing 18. Section 202. Limit on Contribution In standards of ERISA section 302Cc>. but the employer information by which the employ creases for Insolvent Plans and Plans in Re actuary is explicitly permitted to use as er can compute its withdrawal liability, in organization. sumptions that are different from those cluding the actuarial assumptions and This section amends Internal Re\'t~nue used for funding purposes. methods used by the plan in calculating Code section 413 to conform to the ERISA This section is effective upon enactment. withdrawal liability. Also, within 90 days of changes made by bill section 112. 11. Section 108. Exemption for Certain In a written request by an employer . employer with an estimate of the employ formed group, called the Coalition for This section provides that a withdrawal er's withdrawal liability. The section makes does not occur in four separate kinds of situ it clear that receipt of the information or Pension Reform, a broad-based coali ations: estimate does not preclude an employer tion of more than two dozen employ Ca> A sale of assets of a small business that from subsequently challenging its validity. ers and trade associations in the meat does not meet the requirements for asset Section 110 is effecti\'e for plan years be packing, wholesale and retail grocery, sales provided in Section 105 of the bill, or a ginning after the plan year during which construction, printing, apparel manu liquidation of a small business, if the sale or the bill Is enacted. facturing, food processing, maritime, .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27649 wholesale distributor, and vending in land. For more than 10 years, the Brit 1976. Now it is clear to all that Britain's ap dustries. This bill is the result of ish Government has had a military oc proach was ineffective. British legislation months of compromise, discussion, and cupation of the six counties of North has neither improved the situation of hard work and represents the only Catholics nor diminished Protestant privi ern Ireland. They have stifled econom lege and political hegemony. proposed modification of the 1980 ic growth and promoted polarization The British Fair Employment Act of 1976 multiemployer amendments to receive and violence between the people of the established the Fair Employment Agency such widespread support. I anticipate North. Add to this outstanding record to monitor discrimination in employ that many more employers and asso that they practice employment dis ment. Regrettably the British did not give ciations will soon be adding their sup crimination, and you have still an the FEA effective powers of enforcement. port for this bill. other compelling reason for the Instead the approach was one of "moral The bill represents an effort to United States to try and encourage persuasion" by which discriminating em insure the renewed growth of multi ployers would be "educated" and persuaded the British Government to declare its to change their ways. The FEA was never employer plans and to protect the intention to withdraw from the North. given proper prosecutorial power. How safety of millions of workers' retire Once this occurs, the United States "moral persuasion" could be expected to be ment income. I ask that my colleagues should lead the effort to provide eco appropriate in the midst of entrenched and give this matter their serious consider nomic assistance to the North as I pro subtle discriminatory practices during an in ation.• pose in my bill H.R. 5163. cipient civil war was never explained. I now wish to insert into the RECORD The FEA did set about doing one of the David Lowry's article "Keeping Catho few things that it was permitted to do-re THE ONGOING PROBLEMS OF lics in Their Place": search. Reports compiled by the FEA since MINORITY DISCRIMINATION IN 1977 again and again confirm that Catholics NORTHERN IRELAND KEEPING CATHOLICS IN THEIR PLACE are the victims of discrimination in all sig (By David R. Lowry) nificant sectors of the Northern Irish econo A secret report on Job discrimination in my. In 1980 an FEA study showed that the HON. MARIO BIAGGI Northern Ireland was leaked recently to the position of Catholics in relation to Protes OP NEW YORK Irish Times. This report confirms the view tants was worsening under British direct IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of close observers of discrimination against rule. Indeed, the 1980 FEA study conclusive Catholics that the British reform legislation ly demonstrated that the gap between Friday, October 1, 1982 of 1976 has not worked. The report was pre Catholics and Protestants "was widening" •Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, as chair pared by Dr. Christopher Mccrudden, a law and would worsen for the "foreseeable man of the 128-member, 5-year-old Ad professor at Lincoln College of Oxford Uni future." But while the FEA was toothless Hoc Congressional Committee for versity, and he notes that British anti-dis and unable to prevent discrimination, its re crimination law enforcement has "failed" search findings have added considerably to Irish Affairs I remain deeply con and is "in need of a complete overhaul." our understanding of the sheer depth and cerned about the devastated condition In 1976 the British government belatedly scope of discrimination against Catholics. of the economy of Northern Ireland. enacted the Fair Employment Act which In August of 1977 the FEA decided to The unemployment rate in that nation was supposed to help eradicate discrimina embark upon an investigation of skilled is averaging 20 percent and all major tion in employment against Catholics in trades in Belfast's heavy engineering sector. businesses and industries have fallen Northern Ireland. Job discrimination This investigation has not yet been complet on hard times. against Catholics had been a major cause of ed but parts of it have been leaked to the The problems are even more acute the civil rights unrest which preceded the Irish Times. The FEA study conforms current fighting. Since the establishment of Ulster Catholics' worst fears. for the Catholic minority population the state of Northern Ireland in 1922, Skilled trades are highly-paid, high-status of Northern Ireland. The cities with Catholics had been systematically and occupations, and apprenticeships are much the highest unemployment rates, such openly discrimination against. By depriving sought after. Skilled or "craft" unions have, as Strabane and Derry, with levels as Catholics of equal opportunity, successive during this century, been Protestant-domi high as 40 percent-have heavy con Unionist regimes calculated that Catholics nated and, consequently, conspicuously centrations of Catholics. One of the would be deprived of income and forced to silent on the issue of discrimination against problems contributing to the de emigrate to earn a living. Because of this Catholics. Northern unions largely refiect pressed economy of Northern Ireland forced emigration Catholics would never the aspirations of Protestant workers and and especially for its minority is the constitue a majority within Northern Ire have never taken a position of moral or po land. Thus discrimination was the corner litical leadership. The FEA 1977 confiden rampant practice of employment dis stone of Unionist political strategy. tial investigation shows why this union com crimination. Our committee, in recent Discrimination leading to emigration of plicity in discrimination is inevitable. years, has been investigating this Catholics was very successful. One survey The FEA found that in the British gov problem especially from the stand shows that two-thirds of all emigrants from ernment-owned Short Brothers aircraft point of whether American firms with Northern Ireland were Catholic. In this way manufacturing plant in Belfast only be business in the North are also practic the electoral impact of the higher Catholic tween 4.5 percent to 8 percent of skilled ing discrimination. This investigation birthrate was negated. Unionists were as men are Catholic. Of over one thousand sured of remaining in power in Nothem Ire skilled workers at the Harland and Wolfe is continuing but it has been buoyed land, and the future of the state of North shipyard there is not one skilled Catholic by a recent article in Commonweal ern Ireland as an entity was secured. Sys tradesman-a fact that did not stop the magazine by David Lowry, a professor tems of discrimination were, and still are, British government from recently giving of law at Pace Law School in New crucially important to the Unionist. If Harland and Wolfe over $100 m1llion to con York. Professor Lowry's article reveals Catholics choose not to emigrate to find tinue its operations of both shipbuilding the findings of a previously secret work, then one day in the future Catholics and discrimination. At Standard Telephones report on job discrimination in North will constitute a numerical and hence elec only "six or seven" out of sixty-nine skilled ern Ireland compiled by the British toral majority. When that day comes, it is workers were Catholic in March of 1980. At thought that the demise of the state of the Hugh Scott engineering works in Bel Government's own Fair Employment Nothem Ireland will not be far behind. fast the firm's workforce is 100 percent Agency. Successive Unionist governments never Protestant. Discrimination is ofttimes hard to faltered on the issue of discrimination Interestingly, in the American-owned prove unless you are the victim. How against Catholics. Even the relatively more Hughes Tool Company plant in Belfast only ever, this article presents some very enlightened regime of Captain Terence seven of sixty craftsmen are Catholic. Amer compelling documentation to back up O'Neill in the late 1960s did not make any ican corporations are seemingly content to the premise that rampant employment legislative or administrative move to under engage in patently discriminatory practices discrimination does exist against the mine discriminatory practices. Thus when which, if performed in the United States, Britain assumed direct rule in 1972, every would be manifestly illegal under Title VII minority in Northern Ireland. body, both Catholic and Protestant, anx of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. American I present this report as still another iously waited for a British initiative in the law expressly forbids corporations from illustration of the abysmal failure of job discrimination area. Eventually Britain "perpetuating the present effects of past British direct rule over Northern Ire- enacted a rather weak piece of legislation in discrimination" in race, sex, and religion. .27650 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982 The FEA investigation of the state-owned class citizenship in their own land-a con Despite the loss of his job and recent utility, the Northern Ireland Electricity tinuing cause of unrest and violence which accusations that he is guilty of con Service , is most revealing. Less than will surely afflict future generations as it spiring with foreigners, Abraham 10 percent of NIES engineers and only 12.6 has this present generation in Northem Ire percent of its administrative staff are land. Khozin will not be deterred from his Catholic. Of the 241 managerial staff at The recent Irish Ttmes revelations raise goal of reunion with his parents. NIES "at least 91 percent" are Protestant. two neglected issues. Firstly, why is the Every month he fasts for 5 days in At the modem Ballylumford power station British government continuing to finance at protest of the unfairness of Soviet in Antrim only 3 percent of the engineers great expense enterprises which discrimi policies. are Catholic, while at the Coolkeeragh nate against Catholics-the fact of discrimi This month, Mikhail Khozin should power station in overwhelmingly Catholic nation having been established by the FEA, be celebrating his bar Initzvah in Mol Derry less than 25 percent of engineers are an agency of the British government? Sec dovia Russia. As a result of religious Catholic. When asked in 1981, the NIES re ondly, why is it that American corporations fused to sign a declaration that henceforth doing business in Northern Ireland seeming restrictions imposed by Soviet authori it would pursue equal opportunity in hiring. ly "fit in" to the system of discrimination ties, Mikhail will not be able to partici The FEA's still confidential study of the without incurring the wrath of Irish-Ameri pate in this important religious tradi NIES notes that Catholics are only found in can politicians? Or, to put that another way, tion. any number in lower-grade jobs. The FEA why is it that so many Irish-American poli Benjainin Schatzman is a young concludes of the NIES that "all the infor ticians devote so little time and energy to American Jew who will celebrate his mation we have obtained supports the over the distress of Irish Catholics who are pow bar Initzvah this month. On October all picture . . . that the electricity service erless in their own land, especially when 30, when Benjie celebrates his bar has been a Protestant preserve." this suffering is at the hands of American In addition to these internal FEA investi owned corporations?• Initzvah, he will chant his portion of gations we now have the report on the oper the haftorah not only for himself, but ations of the FEA by Dr. McCrudden leaked also for Mikhail Khozin. And, he will to the Irish Ttmes. Mccrudden was engaged IN SEARCH OF AN OPEN EMI draw attention to the plight of all at the end of 1979 after complaints by some GRATION POLICY IN THE Jews within the Soviet Union as he of the senior staff of the FEA regarding the SOVIET UNION symbolically shares this special event workings of the FEA:. McCrudden reported with Mikhail, his fainily and friends. in February of this year and, as yet, his The deterinined spirit of the Kho report is still officially secret. He lists HON. JERRY M. PAITERSON zin's in the Soviet Union, and the con twenty recommendations designed to over 01' CALIFORNIA haul completely the inadequate and ineffec cern of Americans like Benjie Schatz.: tive enforcement powers of the FEA. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man, should be an inspiration to our Mccrudden shows that since 1976 only Friday, October 1, 1982 Representatives to the Madrid meet 216 people have complained to the FEA and, ing. We have an important commit in 1981, new complaints were only running e Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. Speaker, the ment to the peoples of the Soviet at two or three per month. Most Catholics plight of Soviet Jews will be one of the Union who wish to einigrate. We must are discouraged from complaining as there topics discussed at the Madrid meeting continue to demand that the Soviet seems to be little point to it, given the fact of the Conference on Security and Co Union honor its obligations to human that the FEA lacks proper prosecutorial operation in Europe on November 9, power, personnel, financial support, and leg rights and its commitment to the Hel 1982. At issue will be the violation of sinki accords. With dedication and hu islative enforcement machinery. By March the Helsinki accords by the Soviet of 1982 the FEA had made only ten findings manitarian resolve, as demonstrated of discrimination and had successfully pre Union. by Benjie Schatzman, a change in vailed in court in only one case, Mccrudden The Helsinki accords, endorsed by 35 Soviet einigration practices may yet be concludes: "If one way of assessing the suc nations in 1975, seek international co achieved.• cess of the agency is its ability to have find operation on econoinic, security, and ings of discrimination supported in the human rights issues. Under the Hel courts, it has clearly failed." He urges noth sinki accords, the right to emigrate, es REV. W. FRANKLYN RICHARD ing less than "full-blooded affirmative pecially for the purpose of reuniting SON ELECTED GENERAL SEC action" if Catholics are not to remain the RETARY OF NATIONAL BAP victims of job discrimination for many gen fainilies, is given high priority. Despite erations into the future. the Soviet endorsement of this state TIST CONVENTION As the British government flunked this ment of intent, emigration from the issue in 1976 when it established the FEA, it Soviet Union has been severely re HON. RICHARD L OrnNGER seems hardly likely that the more conserva stricted. Furthermore, as Soviet Jews OF NEW YORK tive regime of Mrs. Thatcher will act upon have struggled to reunite with their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES McCrudden's proposals. Thus Catholics will families in other nations, they have probably continue to suffer the practice and encountered numerous obstacles. In Friday, October 1, 1982 the effects of discrimination indefinitely. British government officials in the United the Soviet Union, their religious tradi e Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, States continue to argue that Her Majesty's tions are silenced, their educational today I would like to bring to the at government has addressed the issue of job opportunities are denied and their pro tention of my colleagues the recent discrimination in Northern Ireland. The fessional careers are limited. As they election of the Reverend W. Franklyn British have always conceded that, prior to pursue their right to einigrate, they Richardson as General Secretary of the imposition of direct rule from London in are harassed and intimidated. Many the National Baptist Convention, 1972, the Unionists in Belfast did indeed dis become prisoners of conscience, con U.S.A., Inc. On October 29, 1982, rep criminate but argued that the British have fined and punished for their beliefs. resentatives from throughout New outlawed discrimination. The British-ap pointed FEA, powerless though it is, now The Khozin family is among the York State will gather at a major re has clearly and unequivocally contradicted 380,000 Jews requesting perinission to ception to celebrate this Inilestone in the official British position. leave the Soviet Union. Abraham Reverend Richardson's life. Catholics are now, according to the FEA, Khozin, 33, and his wife, Nina, and The Reverend Dr. W. Franklyn worse off than before the ten-year British son, Mikhail first requested perinission Richardson is pastor of the Grace rule of Northern Ireland. Moreover, in the to leave in 1977 with Mr. Khozin's par Baptist Church in Mount Vernon. He absence of concerted action Protestant big ents. His parents were allowed to emi has served as senior minister of the otry and supremacy remains unaffected and grate to Isreal, with the understanding church since 1975. Prior to that he was unchallenged. Catholics will continue to be forced to emigrate to find work, and the ar that the rest of the fainily would soon pastor in Richmond, Va. Reverend tificial Protestant-Unlonist electoral majori follow. For 5 years the Khozin family Richardson is currently presiding com ty will remain. The British failure to dimin has attempted to get perinission to missioner of the Mount Vernon Hous ish discrimination condemns future genera emigrate, and for 5 years their re ing Authority, chaplain for the Mount tions of Catholics to the indignity of second- quests have been denied. Vernon Police Department, president .October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27651 of the Black Ministers Coalition Coun OTHERS WON'T BE So LucKY These important and crucial first cil of Westchester and president of the If you haven't made up your mind yet steps to finally curb the drunk driver, United Black Clergy of Mount Vernon. about banning Teflon-coated bullets, go talk however, address just one-half of the The National Baptist Convention, to Carl Collins. tragic epidemic of death and destruc with a membership of 6.5 million, now Collins is assistant police chief in the tion on our highways. The No. 1 cause represents the third largest religious Idaho town of Wallace. The other day he of death of Americans under the age had stopped a car and was talking to the convention in the world. Reverend driver when he felt something strike his of 35 years is the motor vehicle crash, Richardson has said that the current back. It wasn't until later, when persistent and it is costing our economy, accord convention administration will use its pain prompted him to take off his bullet ing to the National Safety Council, influence to address issues that affect proof vest and investigate, that he discov over $40 billion a year. the black community and the world ered he had been shot. Another major part of the problem community in the areas of economics Lodged within his vest Collins found a .22- that must be addressed is the safety as it relates to unemployment and mi caliber copper-jacketed slug. The pain he design of the automobile itself, and nority business development; the sur had felt was a bruise from the bullet's how automobile occupants involved in vival of black colleges and universities; impact. Collins was lucky to be wearing the vest. highway crashes can be best protected local political involvement in identify He also was lucky the bullet was an ordi from potential death and crippling in ing those politicians and policies that nary copper-jacketed specimen. If it had juries. will help to improve the lives of black been a Teflon-coated "killer bullet," he I bring to the attention of my col and poor people; and joining hands might have been killed. leagues the following article by colum with the existing civil rights organiza Collins is a walking endorsement for fed nist Richard Cohen from a recent edi tions such as Operation PUSH and the eral legislation to ban the killers-most no tion of the Washington Post examin NAACP to work to strengthen these tably, the KTW bullet. The KTW is a semi ing this serious problem: organizations through the black Bap pointed, bronze-alloy bullet with a coating tist Church. of Teflon, the same stuff used on non-stick [From the Washington Post, Sept. 29, 19821 frypans. The Teflon lets the bullet pass SAFETY I commend Reverend Richardson for through most body armor with ease. his remarkable community involve The bullet was designed to give police an people stop driving, Congress to outlaw handgun bullets or (3) driving is limited to elders of the that can penetrate the bulletproof Mormon church. Otherwise, given the vests worn by police officers. HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES number of drinkers and given the number of Based on available data, including an OF MARYLAND cars, there are bound to be drunks and they FBI report issued earlier this year, my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are bound to drive. The depressing logic of bill would outlaw only eight handgun that is in the math. bullets that are specially made for Friday, October 1, 1982 But at virtually the same time that state maximum penetration. Although not e Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, the after state <27 in am is cracking down on used for legitimate purposes, these Congress this week unanimously drunk drivers-raising the penalties, insist ing on jail, or raising the legal age for driv bullets have been used to shoot and passed legislation that I sponsored, ing-the nation as a whole is forgetting kill law enforcement officers. along with our colleague, JIM HOWARD some hard-learned lessons about highway Approximately half-or about of New Jersey, signaling a major victo safety and ignoring what it already knows 250,000-of our Nation's law enforce ry in the nationwide battle against the about human nature. ment officers wear soft body armor on most frequently committed violent For instance, in the press accounts of that a daily basis. They wear these so crime in America, a crime that is re San Francisco accident not one article I saw called bulletproof vests for protection sponsible for at least one-half of the mentioned if any of the cab's passengers against a criminal's handgun, and they estimated 50,000 deaths on our high were wearing seat or shoulder b~lts. Not one have proven very effective. In fact, ac ways annually-drunk driving. even said if the cab's back seat was equipped with them and it goes without saying that cording to a Justice Department In response to the tremendous mo none of the articles speculated about what report, the soft body armor worn by mentum that has built up nationwide would have happened if the cab had been law enforcement officers since 1974 demanding action to curtail this criti equipped with an air bag to cushion the pas has saved around 400 lives. cal problem, the majority of StBttes are sengers on impact. Unfortunately, this same soft body now considering sorely needed legisla This is not some back-door attempt to armor is totally useless against the tive and administrative reforms to im blame the victims of the accident for their armor-piercing handgun bullets that prove programs aimed at controling ef own injuries. They were certainly not at my legislation seeks to ban. fectively drunk driving. fault and drunk driving is a serious problem. Mr. Speaker, in an attempt to illus At the request of an overwhelming It takes some 26,300 lives a year and clearly no safety device is either going to stop an trate the severity of this problem in majority of Members of Congress, the accident from happening or help some poor real life terms, I wish to insert an edi President has appointed a national kid about to get run down by a boozed-up torial, entitled "Others Won't Be So commission, of which I am a member, driver. This is only to say that we are deal Lucky," that recently appeared in the to further help plan a national attack ing with just one half the problem: the Bend, Oreg., Bulletin: against the epidemic of drunk driving. driver, not the car.
89-059 0-86-30 Congress has put sufficient funds in forerunner for what I hope is a larger Just over four years ago the U.S.'s mag earlier in supplemental appropriations effort in the future-to develop a Cab netic fusion Princeton Large Torus tokamak bills. The first two versions of the sup inet-level Department for the Elderly. CPLT> experiment reached record tempera· plemental were vetoed by the Presi I have authored such legislation-H.R. tures for a fusion device-over 60 million de dent. The final version was also 5280-and see this bill as an opportuni grees. On the basis of that exciting break· vetoed, but Congress was successful in ty to see how program consolidation through in fusion research, the federally overriding the veto largely on the funded fusion programs in the United centralization does in fact work. States, Japan, and Western Europe were re strength of the title V program which Finally let me conclude that I offer would have ended on September 30 viewed by panels of scientific experts to this legislation above all as a realist. evaluate wnether the timetable for demon were it not for the supplemental. Even though I have voted against the strating the commericial feasibility of Title V provides 54,200 low-income budget resolutions for the past 2 fusion should be moved forward. older workers with meaningful part years, they have, in fact, been passed. The unanimous conclusions of those re time employment opportunities in They have in fact provided us with views was a resounding "Yes.'' In the United community service jobs. graphic proof that we have entered States, the Congress passed the Magnetic I wish to stress that it is my inten Fusion Energy Engineering Act of 1980 with tion as the author of this legislation the era of severe fiscal limits. There the goal of demonstrating the engineering that H.R. 7256 is not designed to make fore, it is wise to insure that we get feasibility of magnetic fusion by 1990 and any alteration in the existing struc the most mileage out of the Federal commercial feasibility by the year 2000. The ture of the title V program. I do hope dollar. The Older Americans Act, Euopean review gave a full go-ahead to the as part of this legislation and future having dual administrative structures, Joint European Torus, now under construc if reduced to one would free up more tion at the Culham Laboratory in England appropriations bill that we may return and scheduled for operations next year, and to the statutory formula of 76 percent funds for actual services. If you add the Older American Volunteer pro recommended that design work on the Next of the title V funds administered by European Torus commence. In Japan, the national contractors and 24 percent by gram to the proposition, you develop Atomic Energy Commission has Just com States. The alteration made in this even more potential for better coordi pleted its formal five year plan and has out formula by the supplemental appro nation. The Older Americans Act of lined a timetable to demonstrate engineer priations bill was most unfortunate the past 16 years has been an unpar ing feasibility by the early 1990s and com and is causing genuine havoc in select alled success story. It is one which merical demonstration in the first decade of should continue.• the next century. These recommendations ed areas of the Nation. were first announced a year ago following In addition, my legislation would the review of the Japanese fusion program. transfer the three Older Americans FUSION ENERGY-THE NEED TO But in the last year, the U.S. fusion effort, Volunteer programs under the INCREASE RESEARCH which was the pacing program for the rest ACTION to the Administration on of the worldwide effort, has shifted gears. Aging. These programs were in fact Under the influence of President Reagan's first authorized under the Older HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) ST ARK Science Advisor, Dr. George Keyworth, a.ad Americans Act of 1969 and then trans OF CAL:!FORNIA economic advisers such as Office of Manage ment and Budget head David Stockman, na ferred to the Domestic Volunteer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Service Act of 1973. These programs, tional policy for fusion research has been Friday, October 1, 1982 put on a 70-year timetable for commercial the retired senior volunteer program ization and is in the process of being reor , the Foster Grandparent pro •Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, our iented to a "pure research" program. gram and the Senior Companion pro Nation is falling behind in many areas It is clear from presentations made in the gram employ close to 4,000 low-income of science and technology. Our pre first two weeks of September at the fusion elderly in a variety of volunteer posi eminence in the areas of automobiles, meeting of the International Atomic Energy tions. They receive small stipends for computers, electronics, and energy re Agency in Baltimore and in r. workshop their work in hospitals, schools, and li search are quickly being overtaken by before Congress on Sept. 8, that the Europe braries while in turn providing invalu other nations, such as Japan. an and Japanese fusion programs are out able services to individuals and the One of the areas in which we cur pacing the U.S. effort. If this occurs, it will be the first time in modem history that an communities. rently maintain that preeminence is advanced industrial nation has thrown away My reason for making this adminis the area of nuclear fusion research. its lead in a crucial science and technology trative change is based on concerns I Our Nation's fusion effort up until 20 field for the sake of quack economic theo have for the future of the OAVP's months ago had direction, ambition ries, when there were no scientific or tech parent agency, the ACTION agency. and goals, and was well on its way to nological obstacles to continued research. 27654 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 20, 1982
JAPAN: NUMBER ONE? the nuclear reaction, and, as Dr. Mori re considering financial participation in build A decade ago, Japan barely had a magnet marked, "this is much easier to move out of ing their own materials experiment. ic fusion research program. In 1975 the gov the way than concrete" when the machine The effort of U.S. fusion policy on the ernment decided that the need to develop needs to be repaired or modified. worldwide research program was evident in fusion as an energy source and the chal The Japanese are planning a multi-facet presentations from visiting scientists and lenge to science and industry represented by ed program to develop the technology administrators at the two meetings. Both fusion research qualified fusion as a "na needed for the fusion subsystems. This in the Japanese and Europeans are resolved to tional program." The Japanese fusion re cludes various ways of heating the plasma go ahead with this technology and bring it search budget has increased 40-fold since fuel in the tokamak, through neutral beam, to commercial realization. They will do this, 1973. radio frequency power, or other methods. It perhaps in closer coordination, even if the In March 1981, Japan's Nuclear Fusion also includes cooperative technology up U.S. program continues to stand still. Council, led by Dr. Shigeru Mori, decided on grades on the Doublet experiment at Gener All parties concerned recognize that the an aggressive development schedule for al Atomic Company in California. entire world effort will suffer without the fusion which laid out an early 1990s goal to Japan is also planning technology pro participation of the facilities, scientists, and demonstrate engineering feasibility. In talks grams to develop large-scale superconduct engineers of the United States. Nevertheless over the past two weeks, Dr. Mori and other ing magnets which are needed to confine the Europeans and Japanese are strength representatives from Japan have explained the plasma, research into methods of han ening their resolve to push ahead in this that their program objectives were to devel dling radioactive tritium fuel, and materials crucial area without the United States if op fusion energy for Japan and to "establish research to develop materials capable of they must, and are seeking to increase inter a high-technology-based country." withstanding the severe conditions of fusion national cooperation to take the shortest According to Dr. Mori, this entails "con reactions. Up until the U.S. budget crunch path to commercial fusion development.• centrated investment in frontier technology of the past 18 months, Japan had been co research and development." Fusion, he said, operating with the United States in most of is a "driving force and a suitable target for these technology fields. Now they are won ANTHONY VAN DYKE, OUT high technology" development. dering out loud whether they will have to pursue some of this work alone. STANDING CITIZEN OF 1982, LA The June 1982 long-range plan of Japan's PALMA, CALIF. Atomic Energy Commission pledges to "vig EUROPE CLOSE BEHIND orously advance fusion energy develop Dr. Donato Palumbo, fusion director for ment," a task which includes the construc the Commission of European Communities, HON. JERRY M. PATIERSON tion of a Fusion Experimental Reactor reported to the congressional fusion work to achieve self-ignition and engineer ship in Washington that the Euratom OF CALIFORNIA ing feasibility by the mid-1990s, along with fusion program was following a five-year IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES alternate, non-tokamak fusion devices. As plan, approved by the member-states' minis Friday, October 1, 1982 outlined at the IAEA meeting, the FER ters. The program is operating at guaran combines tokamak characteristics which, teed funding levels, said Dr. Palumbo. e Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. Speaker, on until 1980, Japanese scientists thought After preliminary results are in from the October 23, 1982, Mr. Anthony van would be demonstrated in two separate de JET [Joint European Torus] under con Dyke will be commended by the citi vices-ignition of the fusion fuel, and engi struction, the Europeans will make a deci neering demonstration. Now they have de sion on the Next European Torus zens of La Palma, Calif., for his many cided to do both in the one machine, the machine. In the meantime, teams of scien years as a devoted public servant. Mr. FER. tists are working on conceptual designs for van Dyke will be honored as the city's The new plan calls for the construction of the NET, which they expect will be com outstanding citizen of the year. a demonstration reactor at the beginning of pleted at the end of 1984. Dr. Palumbo said As a representative of the 38th Con the next century, based on the results ob that construction on NET could start at the gressional District of California, I wish tained from the FER. After that, magnetic end of this decade. to call the attention of my colleagues fusion in Japan will be ready for commercial At this time, the European effort is just a introduction into the electrical-generating little under the U.S. budget of $450 mil in the U.S. House of Representatives sector. lion-about $400 million for this year. The to this fine leader. Tony has long been Japanese industry is already involved in cost of the 20-year effort they expect will a friend to many of us in southern fusion, another contrast to the United lead to a demonstration reactor, will require California. From the time he first States. Almost all fusion experiments now about $20 billion over the next 20-years. came to Buena Park in the 1960's to on line were built not by scientists in labora "This would require tripling the yearly ex the present day, Tony has been in tories, but by large industrial concerns. Jap penditures of each of the large programs" in volved in community crime control ini anese industry, therefore, is already build the European laboratories, Palumbo ex tiatives. Largely as a result of Tony's ing up years of experience and a highly plained. skilled personnel pool which will give Japan The Europeans, even more than the Japa efforts, La Palma, Calif., today boasts a head start on building commercial fusion nese, have relied on the successes of the of significant decreases in its crime power plants over the next 20 to 30 years. U.S. program to gamer support for their rate. First as a police officer, later as Japan's fusion program is not only run effort. With budget difficulties in a number councilman and mayor of the city of ning ahead of the United States in terms of of European nations, as well as the United La Palma, Tony has made a concerted the time scale for demonstrating technolo States, they are trying to formulate Joint effort to protect the public safety. gy, but Dr. Mori reported in his statement projects that can be cooperatively managed Tony coordinated the La Palma to Congress that only 30 percent of Japan's with the United States and Japan. Dr. Pa energy use is now elc:ctric. Though that will lumbo revealed that discussions were held neighborhood watch program and con undoubtedly increase, he stated, producing at the IAEA meeting which might produce a tinues to educate citizens on methods synthetic fuels using fusion energy is a main joint machine for the reversed field pinch of crime prevention. His involvement objective of the Japanese program. The U.S. fusion geometry, involving the team of sci in community life is multifold. Tony fusion program has been hamstrung finan entists at the U.S. Los Alamos Laboratory. has served as adviser for and partici cially and has not been able to allocate sig Also, the fusion ignition experiment Zephyr pant in numerous local and State orga nifi.cant funding to demonstrate hydrogen which had been planned for construction in nizations with decisionmaking author and other synthetic fuel production from West Germany but was cancelled due to ity effecting education, transportation, fusion, though the use of this technology to budget constraints, is being redesigned and replace finite fossil fuel resources may well may be a candidate for international coop law enforcement, and health policy. be the most important near-term applica eration. Tony van Dyke is a man of vitality and tion of fusion energy. In the area of materials development for the spirit of his convictions. He has Japanese representatives reported at the fusion, the entire world effort has waited shared this vitality over the course of IAEA meeting that designs for the FER are anxiously for the United States to build the many years with the citizens of south proceeding. Three possible devices, all toka Fusion Materials Irradiation Test facility in ern California. Tony deserves this trib maks, are being considered. The most inter Washington state, but this facility has been ute as La Palma's outstanding citizen esting is the proposal to put the entire zeroed out of the budget for the past year. fusion power machine under water-the Until about a year ago, the Europeans main of the year. "swimming-pool reactor" design. the water tained a policy of encouraging the United Please join me in presenting this surrounding the tokamak acts as a shield States to build the FMIT. Now, reported Pa honor to Anthony van Dyke. He ls an against the neutrons streaming out from lumbo, the Europeans and Japanese are inspiration to us all. Thank you.e October 20, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27655 TRIBUTE TO BEATRICE stream and forefront of society, where that it is unreasonable and unrealistic to try CASTIGLIA they belong. to curb U.S. arms sales. This cynical view On Wednesday, October 13, 1982, culminated in the Reagan Administration's decision in fiscal year 1982 to contract $30 Mrs. Castiglia is to be honored by billion in arms transfers. HON. MARIO BIAGGI R.A.I.N., Inc. for her 25 years of dedi OF NEW YORK Administration spokesmen now state, "We cation and service to the community. will deal with the world as it is, rather than IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES During those 25 years as a volunteer, as we would like it to be." Friday, October 1, 1982 Mrs. Castiglia represented what is best Well, I for one still believe that the about America. The spirit of voluntar United States should significantly curtail its e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I have ism put-to-work benefits millions of arms sales to other countries. I have heard risen on numerous occasions to give senior citizens throughout our Nation. all the rhetoric and read all the arguments. special recognition to certain individ Mrs. Castiglia shows that old fash I make a premise: "As the world's richest, uals in my home district of the Bronx ioned means-human energy and most powerful, freest and most dynamic whose service to the community has idealism-can achieve modern and ef country, we, by our actions, make the world proven to be outstanding and invalu fective ends. the way it is." able. I wish to add my hearty congratula Therefore, we can change it. Today, I would like to especially tions to this special lady, whose past My second point is this. commend a personal friend of mine, record of awards include the Jefferson The Carter arms sales policy that the crit Mrs. Beatrice Castiglia, founder and . Humanitarian Award from Channel 5 ics always point to as naive, failed not be president of the R.A.I.N., Inc.
