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Immunophenotyping Mouse Cell Surface Antigens

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Immunophenotyping Mouse Cell Surface Antigens Mouse Cell Surface Antigens: Nomenclature and Immunophenotyping1 Lily Lai,* Noosheen Alaverdi,* Lois Maltais,† and Herbert C. Morse III2‡ This paper reviews cell surface Ags expressed on mouse hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic cells. The review will cover molecules included in the cluster of differentiation (CD) from CD1 to CD166 and lymphocyte Ag (Ly) series from Ly-1 to Ly-81 as well as some new Ags without current CD or Ly assignments. In addition to an update on mouse nomenclature, there will be a discussion of some known functions of the molecules and brief comments on the use of particular Ags for immunophenotyping of cell subsets. Several novel markers mentioned may prove useful in mouse immunology research. The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 160: 3861–3868. olecules on the surface of hemopoietic cells play im- ceptor, and blind (multilineage panels). More information can be portant roles in the development and function of these obtained from the HLDA website (http://mol.genes.nig.ac.jp/hlda) M cells and have permitted us to understand the immune or Protein Reviews on the worldwide web (http://www.ncbi.nlm. system in increasingly great depth. In recent years, it has become nih.gov/prow). clear that there is a considerable amount of cross-talk between Over the years, the Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomen- cells of the hemopoietic system and nonhemopoietic cells, with clature for Mice has continued to assign new Ly and CD names to much of this interplay mediated by cell surface molecules. This novel genes and Ags. Since the last update (2), many new Ly review includes a discussion of cell surface Ags expressed on both designations have been assigned; for example, the F4/80 Ag, hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic cells. In addition to an update on whose gene has recently been cloned, was given the designation nomenclature, there will be a discussion of functions of the mol- Ly-71. (See Table I for an update of the Ly nomenclature.) The ecules, when known, and brief comments on the use of particular human homologues of a number of mouse Ags or genes, including Ags for immunophenotyping cell subsets. The review will cover members of the Ly-6 and Ly-49 families, have not yet been de- molecules included in the cluster of differentiation (CD)3 and lym- finitively identified. When a mouse Ly Ag is identified as a human phocyte Ag (Ly) series as well as some new Ags without current CD homologue, the Ly number for the molecule is withdrawn and CD or Ly assignments. reassigned the appropriate CD number. If the mouse molecule was As discussed in previous reviews (1, 2), there is a need for encoded by a gene that is assigned a Ly number, that gene name is unifying mouse and human nomenclature to facilitate communi- withdrawn and reassigned a Cd number, unless another gene name cation between researchers studying these species. For mice, the was agreed on by the human and mouse nomenclature groups. As Ly nomenclature was originally devised to classify genes identified one example, the Ly-5 molecule of the mouse, encoded by Ly5, through serologic studies of inbred strains; for humans, the CD was assigned CD45 in the human nomenclature for Ags and the nomenclature originates from mAb reactivity to human Ags. Hu- gene name CD45. The mouse designations were changed to CD45 man leukocyte differentiation Ag (HLDA) workshops assign each for the Ag and, initially, Cd45 for the gene. More recently, the CD based on the same reactivity to one human Ag by at least two human and mouse nomenclature committees adopted the gene Pt- mAbs; provisional CDw are sometimes given to clusters not well prc for the genes encoding CD45 in both species. characterized or represented by only one mAb (3). The Sixth Multiple studies, including biochemical analysis, cloning, func- HLDA Workshop, which took place in 1996, resulted in the as- tional, and immunologic assays, are necessary to confirm homo- signment of novel CDs with new designations spanning CD131 to logues between species. In addition to differences in DNA se- CD166. mAb submitted to the workshop are tested by laboratories quence, evolutionary divergence between mice and humans may participating in the following sections: T cell, B cell, NK cell, also be manifested in Ag distribution. Notable examples include adhesion, endothelial, myeloid, nonlineage, platelet, cytokine re- CD2, CD90 (Thy-1), and perhaps CD34. Table II reflects several novel mouse CD homologues that have been identified via cloning, Abs, or protein probes, such as the use of ligand-Ig fusion proteins. † *PharMingen, San Diego, CA 92121; Nomenclature Coordinator/Mouse Genome, Some molecules are particularly useful as phenotyping markers The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609; and ‡Laboratory of Immunopathol- ogy, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of for different cell subpopulations. The large number of well-char- Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 acterized mAbs has facilitated identifying cell types based on their Received for publication September 26, 1997. Accepted for publication December surface phenotypes. For additional reference, a review of mAbs to 24, 1997. human and murine CD Ags has been made available (4). It should The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page be noted that only a few Ags have restricted lineage distributions; charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. most cell surface molecules exhibit a broader distribution than ini- 1 The Mouse Genome Database Project is supported by National Institutes of Health tially reported. Multiparameter immunoanalysis, therefore, is re- Grant HG00330. quired to isolate different cell types. Below is a summary of rele- 2 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Dr. Herbert C. Morse III, Lab- vant Ags associated with cell lineages. oratory of Immunopathology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Building 7, Room 304, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892–0760. B cells 3 Abbreviations used in this paper: CD, cluster of differentiation; Ly, lymphocyte antigen; HLDA, human leukocyte differentiation antigen; KIR, killing inhibitory re- In the mouse, one of the most commonly used pan-B cell markers ceptor; DC, dendritic cell. is identified by the mAb RA3-6B2 (CD45R/B220); however, this Copyright © 1998 by The American Association of Immunologists 0022-1767/98/$02.00 3862 MOUSE CELL SURFACE Ags Table I. Mouse Ly molecules a Ly Status Current CD Previous Designation Gene Symbol Chromosome Ly-1 Withdrawn CD5 Ly-35 Cd5 19 Ly-2 Withdrawn Cd8a Cd8a 6 Ly-3 Withdrawn CD8b CD8b 6 Ly-4 Withdrawn CD4 CD4 6 Ly-5 Withdrawn CD45 Ptprc 1 Ly-6A TAP, Sca-1, Ly-6D Ly6a 15 Ly-6B Ly6b 15 Ly-6C Ly6c 15 Ly-6D ThB, Ly-61 Ly6d 15 Ly-6E TSA-1, Sca-2, Ly-67 Ly6e 15 Ly-6F Ly6f 15 Ly-6G Ly6g 15 Ly-7 Ly7 16 Ly-8 Ly8 Unknown Ly-9 Ly9 1 Ly-10 Withdrawn CD98 CD98 19 Ly-11 Ly11 2 Ly-12 Withdrawn CD5 Allele of Ly-1 Cd5 19 Ly-13 Ly13 Unknown Ly-14 Ly14 7 Ly-15 Withdrawn CD11a LFA-1 Itgal 7 Ly-16 Ly-18 Ly16 12 Ly-17 Withdrawn CD16/32 Fcgr2b 1 Ly-18 Ly-m18 Ly18 12 Ly-19 Withdrawn CD72 Ly-m19, Lyb-2 Cd72 4 Ly-20 Ly-22a Ly20 4 Ly-21 Withdrawn CD11a Allele of Ly-15, LFA-1 Itgal 7 Ly-22 Withdrawn CD62L L-selectin, MEL-14 Sell 1 Ly-23 Ly23 2 Ly-24 Withdrawn CD44 Pgp-1 CD44 2 Ly-25 Ly25 2 Ly-26 Ly26 Unknown Ly-27 Withdrawn Ly-6 Ly6 15 Ly-28 Ly28 13 Ly-29 Ly29 4 Ly-30 Ly30 Unknown Ly-31 Ly31 4 Ly-32 Withdrawn CD72 Lyb-2 Cd72 4 Ly-33 Ly33 1 Ly-34 Ly34 13 Ly-35 Withdrawn CD8a Allele of Ly-2 Cd8a 6 Ly-36 Ly36 6 Ly-37 Withdrawn CD2 Cd2 3 Ly-38 Withdrawn CD1d Cd1d 3 Ly-39 Ly39 17 Ly-40 Withdrawn CD11b Mac-1 Itgam Unknown Ly-41 Npps 10 Ly-42 Withdrawn CD23 FceRIIa Fcer2a 8 Ly-43 Withdrawn CD25 IL-2Ra IL2ra 2 Ly-44 Withdrawn CD20 Cd20 19 Ly-45 Ly45 Unknown Ly-46 Ly46 Unknown Ly-47 Withdrawn CD54 ICAM-1 Icam1 9 Ly-48 Withdrawn CD43 leukosialin Spn 7 Ly-49A Withdrawn A1 Klra1 6 Ly-49B Withdrawn Klra2 6 Ly-49C Withdrawn 5E 6 Klra3 6 Ly-49D Withdrawn Klra4 6 Ly-49E Withdrawn Klra5 6 Ly-49F Withdrawn Klra6 6 Ly-49G Withdrawn LGL-1 Klra7 6 Ly-49H Withdrawn Klra8 6 Ly-49I Withdrawn Klra9 6 Ly-50 FceRI, high affinity Fcer1g 1 Ly-51 6C3/BP-1 Enpep 3 Ly-52 Withdrawn CD24a HSA Cd24a 10 Ly-53 Withdrawn CD80 B7-1 Cd80 16 Ly-54 Withdrawn CD79a mb-1, lga Cd79a 7 Ly-55 Withdrawn CD161 NKR-P1A Klrb1 6 Ly-56 Withdrawn CD152 CTLA-4 Cd152 1 Ly-57 Lyw-57 Ly57 19 Ly-58 Withdrawn CD86 B7-2 CD86 16 Ly-59 Withdrawn NK1.1, NKR-P1C Klrb3 6 Ly-60 Withdrawn CD102 ICAM-2 Icam2 11 Continued The Journal of Immunology 3863 Table I. continued Ly Status Current CD Previous Designation Gene Symbol Chromosome Ly-61 Withdrawn ThB Ly6d 15 Ly-62 Withdrawn CD154 gp39 Cd401 X Ly-63 Withdrawn CD136 4-1BB Cd136 4 Ly-63L 4-1BB ligand Ly631 17 Ly-64 14/A10 Ly64 13 Ly-65 Withdrawn CD157 BP-3 Bp3 5 Ly-66 LAG3 Lag3 6 Ly-67 Withdrawn TSA-1, Sca-2 Ly6e 15 Ly-68 AA4.1 Ly68 Unknown Ly-69 Ly-69 Itgb7 15 Ly-70 Withdrawn CD134 OX-40 Txgp1 4 Ly-70L OX-40L Txgp1l 1 Ly-71 F4/80 Emr1 17 Ly-72 Withdrawn CD135 Flk-2/Flt3 Flt3 5 Ly-72L Flt3 L Flt3l 7 Ly-73 Flk-1 Flk1 5 Ly-74 Ep-CAM Ly74 Unknown Ly-75 DEC-205 Ly75 Unknown Ly-76 TER-119 Ly76 Unknown Ly-77 GL7 Ly77 Unknown Ly-78 RP-105 Ly78 Unknown Ly-79 33D1 Ly79 Unknown Ly-80 Mir Unknown Ly-81 Trail Unknown Lyb-2 Withdrawn CD72 Ly32 CD72 4 Lyb-3 Lyb3 Unknown Lyb-4 Lyb4 4 Lyb-5 Lyb5 Unknown Lyb-6 Lyb6 4 Lyb-7 Lyb7 12 Lyb-8 Withdrawn CD22 Cd22 7 a References for all Ly molecules have been entered into the Mouse Genome Database (http://www.informatics.jax.org).
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