Werner Blaser

Mies van der Rohe less is more

Waser Verlag Zürich • New York :sverzeichnis

Einführung 38-61 2. Der aktuelle alte Mies Möbel und Räume Experimente des Bauens

1. - Zen-Abt Kobori Sohaku im Ryöko-in, Wohn- Aachen: seine Erziehung, Material und Geist tempel im Daitöku-ji, Kyoto - Die Kultur des Sitzens Domschule - Architektur und Möbel als ein Ganzes Pfalzkapelle (798-805 n.Chr.) 40 Möbel: International, «Stein auf Stein» in der väterlichen Maurer- und Experimente: Tecta-Möbel, MR-Collection, 1926 Steinmetzwerkstatt 44-51 Deutscher Pavillon auf der Internationalen Ausstel- Gewerbeschule lung in Barcelona, 1928-29 (seit 1986 neu erstellt) Zeichner, Stuckornamente, im «Renaissancestil» 52-53 «Barcelona-Collection», 1929 54-59 Interieur: Tugendhat-Haus, Brno, 1928-30 Berlin: sein Weg, Offenheit und Gelassenheit 58-59 «Brno-Stuhl» und «Tugendhat-Stuhl», 1930 60-61 Skizze für einen Schalenstuhl in Kunststoff, 1946 Lehre beim Möbelentwerfer Bruno Paul Mitarbeiter im Büro Peter Behrens' Seit 1912 eigenes Büro, Einfluss des Neoklassi- 63-159 3. zismus durch Karl Friedrich Schinkel Bauten und Projekte Strukturelle Ehrlichkeit bei Heinrich Petrus Berlage eine objektive Architektur in Amsterdam Erste bedeutende Werke und Aussagen als Ausgewählt nach den 5 Architekturprinzipien, wie Architekt und Erzieher sie Mies in Graduate Courses nach 1944 seinen Studenten stellte. : seine Emigration, ein Neubeginn 1 the structure as an architectural factor: its pos- sibilities and limitations Lehrauftrag am MT ( Institute of Technology in 2 space as an architectural problem Chicago) «Program for architectural education», 1937 3 Proportion as a means of architectural expression Mies in seiner Wohnung an der Pearson Street und 4 the expression value of materials seinem Büro an der Ohio Street in Chicago von 1964 5 painting and sculpture in their relationship to Mies am NT und in seinem Büro architecture 1 Dialogisches Erarbeiten der architektonischen Problemlösung 2 Stufenweises kritisches Erproben der Stimmigkeit des Ganzen 3 Neue technologische Dimension und konse- quentes Durchhalten ergibt architektonische Freiheit Die Aussage Behrens' "weniger ist mehr" wird zum "less is more". Beispiel 1: Beispiel 4: The structure as an architectural factor: its possibil- 130-145 The expression value of materials ities and limitations 130-131 - Stallscheune mit Blockständerwand in Soglio - Holz und Stein - Tempel der Athene auf Aegina, 5. Jh. v. Chr. 132-133 - Würde des Materials - Tragen und Getragenwerden 134-139 Landhaus aus Backstein, Projekt, 1923 - Klärung struktureller Möglichkeiten Lafayette Park, eine städtbauliche Planung, Glashochhaus mit prismatischer Gliederung Detroit, 1955-63 Projekt, Berlin, 1919, eine städtebauliche Lösung 140-145 Federal Office Building Complex, Chicago, 1959-73 wird nach 30 Jahren realisiert 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Beispiel 5: Chicago, 1948-51 146-159 Painting and sculpture in their relationship to McCormick-Haus in Elmhurst, Illinois, 1951-52 architecture (aus vorfabrizierten Elementen) Seagram-Verwaltungsgebäude, New York, 1954-58 146-147 - Cho-cheng-yüan-Wohnsitz «Garten der Politik des einfachen Mannes», Soochow, 16. Jh. Beispiel 2: - Höchstmass an Überlegungen und Kunstverstand Space as an architectural problem 148-149 - Auseinandersetzung mit Bau und Kunst Denkmal für Karl Liebknecht und Rosa Luxemburg, - Die Alhambra über Granada in Andalusien, Hof Berlin, 1926 der Myrten, Patios de los Arrayanes, 13.-14. Jh. 150-151 Museum für eine kleine Stadt, Projekt, 1942 - Der leere Raum 152-153 Konzerthalle, Projekt, 1943 - Von den Räumen zum Raum 154-159 Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas 1954-58, Wolf-Haus-Terrasse in Ziegelsteinen, Guben, Erweiterungsbau an ein klassizistisches Bauwerk Deutschland, 1926 Hofhausprojekte, 1931-34, eine verdichtete Wohnform wird den klassischen Hu-t'ung-Allee- 160-175 4. hofhäusern in Beijing gegenübergestellt Dem Geist von Mies verpflichtet Farnsworth-Haus in Piano, Illinois, 1945-50 Neubeginn der nächsten Generation Mehrräumiges Haus, Projekt, 1950 - George Washington Bridge über den Hudson Beispiel 3: River, New York, von O. H. Ammann, 1925-27 Proportion as a means of architectural expression - Nach Mies das schönste Gebäude von New York - Continuing the Chicago School of Architecture - King's College Chapel, Cambridge (England) Die Mies-Prinzipien werden neu interpretiert - Modulare Koordination im Aufbau 162-165 Arthur Takeuchi, Hofhaus-Studien am IIT in - Massstäblichkeit und Proportion Chicago, Undergraduate Course Bürogebäude aus Stahlbeton, Projekt, Berlin, 1922 166-169 Myron Goldsmith, Ruck-a-Chucky Bridge, Auburn, Campusbauten des Illinois Institute of Technol- California, 1978 ogy, Chicago, 1938-58 (NT), Architektur bis ins 170-175 Alfred Caldwell, Farmhaus und Studio in Detail: die Ecklösung Bristol, Wisconsin, eigenes Haus 1948-86 Convention Hall am Seeufer von Chicago, Projekt, 1953-54 176 Nachwort und Dank Nationaltheäter Mannheim, Projekt, 1952-53 178 Biographie Bacardi Office Building, Santiago de Cuba, 179 Bibliographie Projekt, 1957 180-183 Bauten und Projekte of Cö'ntents

Introduction 38-61 2. Mies, the timeless and interiors Experiments in building

1. - Zen abbot Kobori Sohaku in the Ryöko-in, Aachen: his education, matter and spirit temple residence in the Daitöku-ji, Kyoto - The culture of sitting Cathedral school - Architecture and furniture as a whole Palatine chapel (798-805 AD) 40 Furniture: Knoll International, Experiments Tecta "Stone on stone" in his stonemason father's Work- 41 -43 Möbel, MR Collection, 1926 shop 44-51 German Pavilion at the International Exhibition in Trade school Barcelona, 1928-29 (reconstructed 1985-86) Draughtsman for stucco Ornaments in "Renaissance 52-53 "Barcelona Collection", 1929 style" 54-59 Tugendhat House, Brno, 1928-30 58-59 , Tugendhat chair, 1930 Berlin: his way, open-mindedness and serenity 60-61 Sketch for a plastic Shell chair, 1946

Apprenticeship with the furniture designer Bruno Paul Employment in Peter Behrens' Office 63-159 3. Office of his own from 1912, influence of neoclassi- Buildings and projects - cism through Karl Friedrich Schinkel an objective architecture Structural honesty in the work of Heinrich Petrus Berlage in Amsterdam Selected with reference to the 5 principles of First important works and Statements as architect architecture which Mies formulated for his stu- and educator dents in the Graduate Courses after 1944: ' ! 1 the structure as an architectural factor: its pos- f Chicago: his emigration, a new start sibilities and limitations '' 2 space as an architectural problem ' Teaching-post at the NT (Illinois Institute of Technol- 3 Proportion as a means of architectural expres- ogy in Chicago) "Program for architectural educa- sion tion", 1937 4 the expression value of materials Mies in his apartment in Pearson Street and in his 5 painting and sculpture in their relationship to Office in Ohio Street in Chicago, 1964 architecture Mies at the NT and in his Office We think of Vitruvius' principles of architecture. 1 Elaboration of solution to architectural problems The categories of the Roman architect Vitruvius . in dialogue (Ist cent. BC) can still be seen in the Palatine 2 Stepwise appraisal of the harmony of the whole chapel at Aachen. Vitruvius taught utilitas = com- 3 Newtechnological dimension and rigorous pur- modity, firmitas = firmness and venustas = delight... suit of principle confer architectural freedom Behrens' dictum "weniger ist mehr" becomes "less is more". Example 1: Example 4: The structure as an architectural factor: its pos- 130-145 The expression value of materials sibilities and limitations 130-131 - Alpine shieling at Soglio (Grisons) - Temple of Athene on Aegina, 5th cent. BC - Wood and stone - Load and load-bearing - Dignity of material - Clarification of structural possibilities 132-133 Country house of brick, project, 1923 Glass skyscraper with prism-like outline, project, 134-139 Lafayette Park, development, Detroit, 1955-63 Berlin, 1919; a solution to a problem of 140-145 Federal Office Building Complex, Chicago, 1959-73 urban development is realized after 30 years 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Example 5: Chicago, 1948-51 146-159 Painting and sculpture in their relationship to McCormick House in Elmhurst, Illinois, 1951-52 architecture , New York, 1954-58 146-147 - Cho-cheng-yüan residence "Garden of the Piain Example 2: Man's Politics", Soochow, 16th cent. Space as an architectural problem - Reflection and artistic sense ideally combined 148-149 - Art in terms of architecture - The Alhambra above Granada in Andalusia, Monument to Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, Court of the Myrtles, Patios de los Arrayanes, Berlin, 1926 13th-14th cent. 150-151 Museum for a small city, project, 1942 ' - Empty space 152-153 Concert hall, project, 1943 - From rooms to space 154-159 Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas, 1954-58, ; Wolf House, terrace in brick, Guben, Germany, 1926 extension to a neoclassical building Courtyard projects, 1931-34, a Condensed form of living is compared with the classic Hu-t'ung avenue courtyard houses 160-175 4. Farnsworth House at Piano, Illinois, 1945-50 Committed to the spirit of Mies Multiroom house, project, 1950 The next generation Starts afresh

Example 3: - George Washington Bridge over the Hudson Proportion as a means of architectural expression River, New York, by O. H. Ammann, 1925-27 - According to Mies, New York's finest "building" - King's College Chapel, Cambridge, England - Continuing the Chicago School of Architecture - Modular coordination in structure The principles of Mies are reinterpreted - Scale and Proportion 162-165 Arthur Takeuchi, courtyard house studies at the NT Office building of reinforced concrete, project, in Chicago, undergraduate course Berlin, 1922 166-169 Myron Goldsmith, Ruck-a-Chucky Bridge, Auburn, Campus buildings of the Illinois Institute of Tech- California, 1978 nology, Chicago, 1938-58 (NT), architecture down 170-175 Alfred Caldwell, farmhouse and studio in Bristol, to detailing: external corner Wisconsin, built from 1948-86 by the architect Convention Hall on the lake shore of Chicago, project, 1953-54 177 PostScript National Theatre Mannheim, project, 1953-54 178 Biography Bacardi Office Building, Santiago de Cuba, 179 Bibliography project, 1957 180-183 Buildings and Projects