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SYMPHONY HALL, BOSTON HUNTINGTON AND MASSACHUSETTS AVENUES Branch Exchange Telephones, Ticket and Administration Offices, Back Bay 1492 OOI INC. SERGE KOUSSEVITZKY, Conductor FORTY-EIGHTH SEASON. 1928-1929 WITH HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE NOTES BY PHILIP HALE COPYRIGHT, 1928, BY BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA, INC. THE OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES OF THE BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA. Inc. FREDERICK P. CABOT President BENTLEY W. WARREN Vice-President ERNEST B. DANE Treasurer FREDERICK P. CABOT FREDERICK E. LOWELL ERNEST B. DANE ARTHUR LYMAN N. PENROSE HALLOWELL EDWARD M. PICKMAN M. A. DE WOLFE HOWE HENRY B. SAWYER JOHN ELLERTON LODGE BENTLEY W. WARREN W. H. BRENNAN. Manager G. E. JUDD, Assistant Manager 589 Sfc M The steinway that YOU BUY TODAY WILL SERVE YOUR CHILDREN'S CHILDREN That's the sort of piano the at once — and the balance will be Steinway is — so well built, so distributed over a period of two skilfully constructed, that a lifetime years. Select your instrument of playing will not impair its lovely — today. tone. For thirty, forty, or even fifty NJ C*0 C^K9 years it will serve you well. You A new Steinway piano can be need never buy another piano. bought from This means that you not only have $875 up the constant joy and companionship be pur- of the Steinway for yourself and Any Steinway piano may chased with a cash deposit of 10%, your children, but when they are and the balance will be extended over grown up, with children of their a period of two years. Used pianos own, it will be a precious heirloom accepted in partial exchange. A few to pass on to them. completely rebuilt Steinways are available at special prices. There is no need to wait another moment for your Steinway. A 10% Steinway & Sons, "Steinway Hall first payment brings it to your home 109 West 57th Street, New York gsSl STEINWAY Q^ THE INSTRUMENT OF THE IMMORTALS Represented by the foremost dealers everywhere >fi w 590 . )jmpmQmY Oretiestri Forty-eighth Season, 1928-1929 SERGE KOUSSEVITZKY, Conductor Violins. Burgin, R. Elcus, G. Gundersen, R. Sauvlet, H. Cherkassky, P. Concert-master Kreinin, B. Kassman, N. Hamilton, V. Eisler, D. Theodorowicz, J. Hansen, E. Lauga, N. Fedorovsky, P. Leibovici, J Pinfield, C. Mariotti, V. Leveen, P. Tapley, R. Jacob, R. Zung, M. Knudsen, C. Gorodetzky. L. Mayer, P. Diamond, S. Zide, L. Fiedler, B. Bryant, M. Beale, M. Stonestreet, L. Messina, S. Murray, J. Del Sordo, R. Erkelens, H. Seiniger, S. Violas. Lefranc, J. Fourel, G. Van Wynbergen, C. Grover, H. Fiedler, A. Artieres, L. Cauhape, J. Werner, H. Shirley, P. Avierino, N. Gerhardt, S. Bernard, A. Deane, C. Violoncellos Bedetti, J. Langendoen, J. Chardon, Y. Stockbridge, C. Fabrizio, E. Zighera, A. Barth, C. Droeghmans, H. Warnke, J. Marjollet, L. Basses. Kunze, M. Lemaire, J. Ludwig, O. Girard, H. KeUey, A. Vondrak, A. Oliver, F. Frankel, I. Dufresne, G. Demetrides L Flutes. Oboes. Clarinets. Bassoons. Laurent, G. Gillet, F. Hamelin, G. Laus, A. Bladet, G. Devergie, J. Arcieri, E. Allard, R. Amerena, P. Stanislaus, H. Allegra, E. Bettoney, F. (E-flat Clarinet) Piccolo. English Horn. Bass Clarinet. CONTRA-BASSOON Battles, A. Speyer, L. Mimart, P. PiUer, B. Horns. Horns. Trumpets. Trombones. Boettcher, G. Valkenier, W. Mager, G. Rochut, J. Pogrebniak, S. Schindler, G. Voisin, R. Hansotte, L. Van Den Berg, C. Lannoye, M. Lafosse, M. Kenfield, L. Lorbeer, H. Blot, G. Perret, G. Raichman, J. Mann, J. Adam, E. Tubas. Harps. Timpani. Percussion. Sidow, P. Zighera, B. Ritter, A. Ludwig, C. Adam, E. Caughey, E. Polster, M. Sternburg, S. White, L. Organ. Celesta. Librarian. Snow, A. Fiedler, A. Rogers, L. J. 591 m Cfjanbler & Co. BOSTON COMMON TREMONT ST., AT WEST M Exclusive Agents in Boston for (w) TIFFANY FAVRILE # Glass and Metal Products The Gift of Taste and Distinction beauty and artistry of Tiffany Favrile THEglass and metal products has been ac- knowledged by artists, connoisseurs and collectors the world over. Its rare and delicate coloring alone is sufficient to set it apart from any other type of decorative art work. Only at Chandler & Co., in Boston, will you find this ware, collections of which are exhibited in famous museums both here and abroad. Vases 5.00 to 75.00 Comports 5.00 to 40.00 Bowls 2.50 to 35.00 Fruit Dishes 4.00 Bon Boris 1.50 to 5.00 Baskets 10.00 to 45.00 Candlesticks 7.50 to 25.00 Plates 7.00 Ash and Card Trays 3.50 to 15.00 Desk Sets 110.00 to 15.0a Be sure that each piece bears the Tiffany trade mark or is signed in one of the following ways. 8 L. C. T. L. C. TIFFANY LOUIS C. TIFFANY S0 L. C. TIFFANY FAVRILE 8 LOUIS C. TIFFANY FAVRILE LOUIS C. TIFFANY FURNACES, INC. m m CCYFTIAM CtAU Ili-OWIM 3 592 Forty-eighth Season, Nineteen Hundred Twenty-eight and Twenty-nine mm FRIDAY AFTERNOON, DECEMBER 7, at 2.30 o'clock SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 8, at 8.15 o'clock Handel . Concerto Grosso for String Orchestra in B minor, No. 12 Largo—Allegro- -Larghetto e piano—Largo—Allegro Mahler "Das Lied von der Erde," Symphony for Tenor, Contralto and Orchestra ("Song of the Earth") I. Das Trinklied vom Jammer der Erde. (Tenor) (The Drinking Song of Earthly Woe.) Poem of Li-Tai-Po (702-763) II. Der Einsame im Herbst. (Contralto) (Autumn Solitude.) ~ Poem of Tschang-Tsi (800) III. Von der Jugend. (Tenor) (Of Youth.) Poem of Li-Tai-Po (702-763) IV. Von der Schonheit. (Contralto) (Of Beauty.) Poem of Li-Tai-Po (702-763) V. Der Trunkene im Fruhling. (Tenor) (The Drunkard in Spring-time.) Poem of Li-Tai-Po (702-763) VI. (a) In Erwartung des Freundes. (Contralto) (Awaiting a Friend.) Poem of Mong-Kao-Jen (Eighth Century) (b) Der Abschied des Freundes. (Contralto) (The Farewell of a Friend.) Poem of Wang-Wei (Eighth Century) Translation of Chinese Poems by Hans Bethge (First Performance in Boston) Tenor—George Meader Contralto—Madame Charles Cahier The works to be played at these concerts may be seen in the Allen A. Brown Music Collection of the Boston Public Library one week before the concert 593 See cAfrica, the last frontier, with its primitive black inhabitants, its vast game preserves, its diamond mines, the Karoo & the Veldt—on the RAYMOND -WHITCOMB Round Africa Cruise Sailing January 12 on the S.S. "Carinthia" 5 This is the complete Africa Cruise, vis- iting all the characteristic sections of the " Dark Continent "— the black West Coast — energetic South oAfnca — the East Coast — Central cAfrica & Egypt. The only cruise to take all its members through Kenya's big game country, where giraffes, zebras, and hartebeeste graze along the railroad. c Rates, $1250 and upward West Indies Cruises 5 Two winter cruises — each of 25 days — on the S.S. " Columbus," the largest and most luxurious liner ever to make a cruise through the Caribbean. Ideal for winter holidays on summer seas. Sailing Jan. 30 and Feb. 26. Rates, $400 and upward Land Cruises to California 5 Transcontinental trips on special Raymond-Whitcomb Trains running from Atlantic to Pacific without change. Send for the Raymond-Whitcomb Travel Booklets Raymond & Whitcomb Company 126 Newbury St. 165 Tremont St. BOSTON 594 . Concerto Grosso, No. 12, B minor . George Frideric Handel (Born at Halle on February 23, 1685; died at London, April 14, 1759) The first performance of this concerto in Boston was at a concert of the Boston Symphony Orchestra on February 28, 1885, when Messrs. Listemann, Loeffler and Giese, played the solo instruments. The last performance at these concerts was on April 8, 1905, Mr. Gericke, conductor. The movements are as follows: Largo, B minor, 4-4; Allegro, B minor, 4-4; Larghetto e piano, E major, 3-4 (violino I, II, III, viola, tutti bassi), an air with a variation; a transitional Largo, 4-4; Al- legro, B minor, 4-4. The instruments are thus indicated at the be- ginning of the work : Violino I, concertino, violino II ; violino I, ripieno, violino II ; viola, violoncello, bassi. Custom decreed during the earlier years that the concertino, or group of solo instruments in a concerto grosso, should be of two violins and a violoncello.* In the concerto grosso an orchestra dialogued with a principal in- strument. The name violino di grosso or di ripieno was given to the *The Germans in the concertino sometimes coupled an oboe or a bassoon with a violin. The Italians were faithful as a rule to the stringed instruments. INTERESTING PIANO WORKS By American and European Composers Net Net ROY AGNEW, Contrasts. A RUDOLF FRIML, Op. 35 Suite Piano Cycle in Five Pieces $1.00 Mignonne .75 Op. 57. California. Suite .... 1.00 EDWARD BALLANTINE, Varia- Lyric Impressions. 6 pieces.... .75 tions on "Mary Had a Little GEORGE LIEBLING, Etude in in the styles of ten com- Lamb" Double Notes. After the Im- posers 1.00 promptu in A flat by Chopin, (Op. 29) .60 Six MARION BAUER, Op. 15, Op. 41. Toccata de Concert in Preludes 75 E minor .60 Op. 74. Lucifer's Song .50 COLEMAN, Poems and ELLEN MacDOWELL, In Pass- Pictures. Six Characteristic EDWARD ing Moods. 10 pieces 1.00 Pieces 1.00 MARX E. OBERNDORFER, Moun- CHARLES DENNEE, Op. 30. tain Vistas .40 Mountain Scenes. Suite 1.25 DAVID SEQUEIRA, Fiesta Sevil- lana. Spanish Suite 1.00 ARTHUR FOOTE, Op. 41. Five TRYGVE TORJUSSEN, Op. 3. Poems after Omar Khayyam... 1.00 Norwegian Suite .75 Op. 32. Summer in Norway. .75 FELIX FOX, Impromptu-Serenade. .50 Op. 37. In Italy. Suite .75 Fantaisie lyrique 50 Op.
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  • The Collapse of the Bardi Company1

    The Collapse of the Bardi Company1

    1 Primary Source 2.5 THE COLLAPSE OF THE BARDI COMPANY1 Banking and commercial trade on an international level began to develop in Europe in the thirteenth century. These two sectors began to especially thrive in many Italian city-states, which boasted innovative trading strategies and banking systems. Merchants and bankers in Italian city-states lent capital throughout Europe, and used sophisticated means of book- keeping and currency exchange to establish their reputation as a major banking and trading area. Two of the major banking and trading firms in Italy at that time were the Bardi and Peruzzi companies. They expanded their overseas financial networks and resultant influence until their eventual collapse in the early 1300s, on the eve of the Black Death. The following excerpt reflects the anger and dismay of an Italian upon the bankruptcies suffered by the most powerful financial institutions in Italy. He places most of the blame on the failure of King Edward III to pay back his loans to the companies. While the excerpt reflects a disastrous event, it also illustrates the growing commercial exchanges and trade that were knitting together the regions of Europe. The excerpt can be found here. THE FAILURE OF THE BARDI (1345)2 In January of the said year 1345, the Company of the Bardi, who had been the greatest merchants of Italy, failed. And the reason was that they had lent money (as had the Peruzzi and others) to Edward, King of England, and to the King of Sicily. So much that the Bardi were found to have owing them from the King of England, between capital and interest and gifts promised by him, 900,000 gold florins;3 and this, on account of his war with the King of France, he could not pay.