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8 5 6 7 April 2015 7 8 Aspen 5 6 7 FIGURE 1 SHEET 18 OF 20 Parkland ¯ RARE PLANTS AND RARE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES OBSERVED DURING THE SUPPLEMENTAL VEGETATION SURVEYS
ENBRIDGE PIPELINES INC. LINE 3 REPLACEMENT PROGRAM 2 10427 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 SKP 947 !. 2 !. Station Kilometre Post (SKP) Line 3 Replacement Pipeline Route (Filed Nov 2014) Line 3 Replacement Pipeline Reroute Existing Line 3 Pipeline UV892 Highway Road Access/Resource Road 13 Municipal Boundary
15 16 Railway 14 15 16 SKP 948 13 14 15 Existing Terminal !. Hardisty Terminal 2 km Buffer MARYFIELD Existing Pump Station Construction Right-of-Way NO. 91 Extra Temporary Workspace Access Road/Shoofly Footprint 50 m Buffer 48 UV City/Town !(!( !( !( Alberta Natural Region 9 10 !( !( and Subregion Boundary 12 11 !( 9 10 Saskatchewan Ecoregion 12 11 10 Boundary crystalwort SKP 949 !. Manitoba Natural Ecological Regions Boundary
SCALE: 1:10,000 m 28 0 100 200 300 400 10-31W1M 27 (All Locations Approximate) 10-31W1M
8 5 7 6 7 8 5 6
UTM Zone 13N Imagery: 30 cm orthorectified aerial imagery provided by Enbridge Pipelines Inc. 2013, licensed by Pictometry 2012; Roads: IHS Inc. 2015; SKP 950 7 Railway: NRCan 2012; Municipal Boundary:AltaLIS 2015, ISCS 2014 and !. MCPS 2007; Alberta Natural Regions and Subregions: ASRD 2005; Saskatchewan Ecoregions: Saskatchewan Research Council 2007; Mantitoba Natural Ecological Regions: MLI, unknown date.
Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that errors in the data may be present. Mapped By: WL Checked By: LA
1 4 2 3 2 1 4 Rare Plant and Rare Ecological Community Observations 3 2 !( !( !( AB SK MB !( !( !( !( !( !. !( Hardisty !( !( ! !( !( !( ! !( Kerrobert Regina !( !( !( ! 15 16 13 14 15 16 13 Gretna !( !( !( ! 14 15 !( !( !( U.S.A.
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April 2015 FIGURE 1 UV10 SHEET 19 OF 20 ¯ RARE PLANTS AND RARE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES OBSERVED DURING !. THE SUPPLEMENTAL VEGETATION SURVEYS
ENBRIDGE PIPELINES INC. LINE 3 REPLACEMENT PROGRAM 10427
!. Station Kilometre Post (SKP) Line 3 Replacement Pipeline !. Route (Filed Nov 2014) Line 3 Replacement Pipeline Reroute 2 UV Existing Line 3 Pipeline UV892 Highway Road Access/Resource Road OAKLAND Municipal Boundary NO. 157 Railway Existing Terminal Hardisty Terminal 2 km Buffer SKP 1073 !. Existing Pump Station Construction Right-of-Way Extra Temporary Workspace crystalwort eastern !. yellow Access Road/Shoofly !( SKP 1075 stargrass Footprint 50 m Buffer City/Town !(!( !(!(!( !. Alberta Natural Region SKP 1074 and Subregion Boundary SKP 1076 !. Saskatchewan Ecoregion Boundary Manitoba Natural Ecological TS10/2 Regions Boundary SCALE: 1:10,000 33 m !. 007-19W1M 34 0 100 200 300 400 007-19W1M (All Locations Approximate)
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UTM Zone 13N Imagery: 30 cm orthorectified aerial imagery provided by Enbridge Pipelines Inc. 2013, licensed by Pictometry 2012; Roads: IHS Inc. 2015; Railway: NRCan 2012; Municipal Boundary:AltaLIS 2015, ISCS 2014 and MCPS 2007; Alberta Natural Regions and Subregions: ASRD 2005; Saskatchewan Ecoregions: Saskatchewan Research Council 2007; Mantitoba Natural Ecological Regions: MLI, unknown date. !.
Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that errors in the data may be present. Mapped By: WL Checked By: LA !.
Rare Plant and Rare Ecological Community Observations !( !( !( AB SK MB !( !( !( !. !( !( !( Hardisty !( !( ! !( Carroll Road !( !( ! !( Kerrobert !( !( Regina !. !( ! !( !( Gretna !( ! !( !( !( U.S.A. !.
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!. ENBRIDGE PIPELINES INC. LINE 3 REPLACEMENT PROGRAM 10427
!. Station Kilometre Post (SKP) Line 3 Replacement Pipeline Route (Filed Nov 2014) Line 3 Replacement Pipeline Reroute Existing Line 3 Pipeline UV892 Highway !. Road 15 Access/Resource Road 14 Municipal Boundary 006-12W1M 006-12W1M Railway Existing Terminal Hardisty Terminal 2 km Buffer LORNE Existing Pump Station Construction Right-of-Way NO. 144 Extra Temporary Workspace Access Road/Shoofly !. Footprint 50 m Buffer City/Town SKP 1148 SKP 1149 !. 532 !. !. Alberta Natural Region UV and Subregion Boundary green needlegrass Saskatchewan Ecoregion Boundary Manitoba Natural Ecological Regions Boundary
SCALE: 1:10,000 m 0 100 200 300 400 (All Locations Approximate)
SKP 1150 !.
UTM Zone 13N Imagery: 30 cm orthorectified aerial imagery provided by Enbridge Pipelines Inc. 2013, licensed by Pictometry 2012; Roads: IHS Inc. 2015; Railway: NRCan 2012; Municipal Boundary:AltaLIS 2015, ISCS 2014 and MCPS 2007; Alberta Natural Regions and Subregions: ASRD 2005; Saskatchewan Ecoregions: Saskatchewan Research Council 2007; Mantitoba Natural Ecological Regions: MLI, unknown date.
Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that errors in the data may be present. Mapped By: WL Checked By: LA
Rare Plant and Rare Ecological Community Observations !( !( !( AB SK MB !( !( !( !( !( !( Hardisty !( !( ! !( !( !( ! !( Kerrobert !( !( Regina !( ! !( !( Gretna !( ! 10 11 !( !( !( 006-12W1M 006-12W1M U.S.A.
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!. Enbridge Pipelines Inc. Supplemental Vegetation Technical Report Line 3 Replacement Program April 2015/10427
8.0 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1 General Vegetation Recommendations General mitigation measures to avoid or reduce the potential environmental effects on vegetation during construction and operation of the Project are provided in the Project-specific EPPs (Appendix 1 of the ESA) [Filing IDs A4E6X1 to A4E6X4]. See Appendix G in Appendix 1A of the ESA [Filing IDs A4E6X1 to A4E6X4] for the weed control methods that will be implemented during construction and clean-up activities for the Project.
8.2 Recommended Supplemental Surveys Access was not available on some land parcels at the time of the supplemental vegetation surveys in late June 2014 and August 2014. In addition, several reroutes have been made following the supplemental vegetation surveys. As a result, the supplemental vegetation surveys did not include all areas identified as having high potential to support rare plants.
For the above-listed reasons, the following actions are recommended for the Project.
• Conduct supplemental early and late-season vegetation surveys during the 2015 growing season, along selected areas of the Footprint that were revised since completion of the late June 2014 and August 2014 supplemental vegetation surveys (i.e., reroutes with rare plant habitat potential from SKP 187.3 to SKP 191.3, SKP 238.8 to SKP 239.2, SKP 315.4 to SKP 316.7, SKP 324.6 to SKP 325.0, SKP 363.3 to SKP 363.7, SKP 425.8 to SKP 427.0, SKP 447.5 to SKP 448.5, SKP 505.6 to SKP 506.4, SKP 517.7 to SKP 520.4, SKP 550.0 to SKP 550.2, SKP 599.5 to SKP 599.7, SKP 603.9 to SKP 604.1, SKP 659.8 to SKP 660.5, SKP 710.2 to SKP 742.9, SKP 869.9 to SKP 870.5, SKP 894.3 to SKP 895.1, SKP 968.9 to SKP 969.0, SKP 969.4 to SKP 980.7, SKP 1002.9 to SKP 1016.0, SKP 1018.7 to SKP 1019.0, SKP 1023.8 to SKP 1025.3, SKP 1094.3 to SKP 1096.2, SKP 1125.9 to SKP 1127.2, SKP 1148.6 to SKP 1149.6, SKP 1181.6 to SKP 1182.5, SKP 1226.2 to SKP 1234.2, SKP 1241.7 to SKP 1250.7 and SKP 1250.7 to SKP 1254.3 (see Table 4) and along any other potential reroutes that are confirmed prior to the end of the 2015 growing season, where warranted after further review).
• Conduct supplemental vegetation surveys during the 2015 growing season along select areas of the Footprint where access was not previously granted (i.e., SKP 286.0 to SKP 289.0, SKP 402.0 to SKP 407.0, SKP 436.0 to SKP 437.0, SKP 640.0 to SKP 642.0, SKP 661.0 to SKP 663.0, SKP 975.0 to SKP 977.0, SKP 1012.0 to SKP 1022.0 and SKP 1087.0 to SKP 1088.0).
• In the event that route changes occur after the 2015 supplemental vegetation surveys have been conducted, conduct further review to determine whether additional vegetation surveys are warranted prior to construction.
8.3 Rare Plant and Rare Ecological Community Recommendations In accordance with the spirit and intent of the Environmental Assessment Best Practice Guide for Wildlife at Risk in Canada (Lynch-Stewart 2004), site-specific mitigation measures have been developed for all occurrences of rare plant species and rare ecological communities observed along the Footprint. These recommended mitigation measures are intended to eliminate or reduce the potential construction-related effects on occurrences of rare plants and rare ecological communities observed along the Footprint.
Recommended site-specific mitigation measures for rare plants and rare ecological communities that were observed during the supplemental vegetation surveys are summarized in Table 13. A complete list of site-specific mitigation measures (including site-specific mitigation confirmed based on the future 2015 supplemental vegetation surveys) will be provided in the updated EPPs and Environmental Alignment Sheet Packages to be filed with the NEB prior to construction. See Section 9 of the ESA [Filing ID A4E6X0] for information regarding the Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring (PCEM) Program for rare plant and rare ecological community occurrences.
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TABLE 13
MITIGATION MEASURES FOR OCCURRENCES OF RARE PLANTS AND RARE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES OBSERVED DURING THE SUPPLEMENTAL VEGETATION SURVEYS IN LATE JUNE 2014 AND AUGUST 2014 ALONG THE ENBRIDGE LINE 3 REPLACEMENT FOOTPRINT
Species Mitigation (Scientific Name) Legal Abundance Planning Construction Post-Construction/ [Rank]A Location SKPB and Distribution Relation to FootprintC Discussion PhaseD PhaseE Operation PhaseF UTM scratch grass SW 20-42-9 W4M 185.8 to When this population was observed in 2010, there This occurrence was located on the Footprint, approximately Scratch grass is a wiry perennial grass and often occurs in patches in moist alkaline -- 4, 7, 9 13, 14 12U 481515E 5830393N (Muhlenbergia NW 17-42-9 W4M 186.1 were thousands of plants in a 105 m x 180 m area. 12-19 m south of the trench line in 2010. soil (Moss 1983). 12U 481529E 5830384N asperifolia) [S3W] 12U 481532E 5830393N This population consisted of thousands of plants in This occurrence is located both north of the Footprint and on Narrowing the construction right-of-way was recommended for this population in 12U 481555E 5830391N two populations covering a 30 m x 15 m and 220 m x the Footprint, from approximately 13 m north of the trench line 2010 as the population was on the south edge of the Footprint. This mitigation is no 12U 481630E 5830417N 40 m area respectively, when observed during the to approximately 8 m south of the trench line. longer warranted due to the change in population. 12U 481666E 5830396N supplemental vegetation surveys. 12U 481690E 5830427N 12U 481738E 5830397N 12U 481789E 5830388N 12U 481830E 5830394N 12U 481833E 5830415N 12U 481852E 5830390N few-flowered aster NW 17-42-9 W4M 186.1 Approximately 50 plants in a 15 m x 65 m area were This occurrence is located on the Footprint, from approximately Few-flowered aster is a perennial herb that inhabits moist alkaline meadows -- 9, 12 13, 14 12U 481768E 5830386N (Almustaster observed during the supplemental vegetation 1 m south of the trench line and extending south. (Kershaw et al. 2001). Population viability is sensitive to alteration of local 12U 481781E 5830388N pauciflorus) [S2S3] surveys. hydrology. 12U 481834E 5830389N
Few-flowered aster showed resiliency to disturbance during the ACEP PCEM Program. All concerns were resolved successfully within the first monitoring year. bur oak (Quercus NE 27-41-8 W4M 202.1 One plant was observed during the supplemental This occurrence is located off of the Footprint and is Bur oak is a perennial tree with a broad rounded crown. Bur oak is found in a -- 6A, 7 13, 14 12U 495796E 5823236N macrocarpa) [SU] vegetation surveys. approximately 67 m north of the trench line. variety of habitats from prairies to upland woodlands.
While bur oak is considered rare in Alberta, it is considered common in Manitoba and is ranked S5 in Manitoba (MB CDC 2013). creeping juniper/ SE 24-41-8 W4M 205.6 to The community was observed in an area 200 m x This community is located both on and off of the Footprint, from The community is surrounded by native prairie land. -- 4, 5A 13,14 12U 498860E 5821399N (June grass)/green 205.8 130 m area, during the supplemental vegetation the south edge of the Footprint to north of the Footprint. 12U 498974E 5821251N reindeer lichen surveys. Conduct straw crimping on wind erosion prone soils and on saline soils where 12U 498981E 5821270N (Juniperus vegetation may be difficult to re-establish, where identified by the Environmental 12U 498984E 5821276N horizontalis/[Koeleria Inspector and approved or requested by the landowner (see Environmental 12U 498992E 5821278N macrantha]/Cladina Alignment Sheets [Appendix 2 of the ESA]). Ensure straw used for erosion control 12U 499004E 5821266N mitis) [S1S2] is free of regulated and non-native invasive weeds and seeds. Straw must have a minimum stem length of 30 cm (see Section 7.6 of Appendix 1A in the ESA). Schweinitz's flatsedge SW 19-41-7 W4M 206.3 Two clusters were observed, in a 30 cm x 30 cm These populations are located both on and off of the Footprint. Schweinitz's flatsedge is a perennial herb which prefers dry sandy soil 2 6B, 7, 10 13, 14 12U 499247E 5821331N (Cyperus schweinitzii) area and an 8 m x 95 m area respectively, during the One population is located on the trench line while the other (Moss 1983). 12U 499248E 5821324N [S2] supplemental vegetation surveys. population is located 27 m north of the trench line. 12U 499277E 5821318N There is a Schweinitz’s flatsedge enclosure located north of the Footprint, in the 12U 499328E 5821277N vicinity of these populations and it is likely that these populations dispersed from the fenced enclosure to their current locations.
Transplant the population located on the trench line to a location north of the Footprint, nonadjacent to an existing population. Suitable transplant locations are those with sparse vegetation cover and low slopes (Porter pers. comm.). palespike lobelia NW 17-40-5 W4M 229.9, Two populations of approximately 50 plants and 2 These populations are located at the south edge of the Palespike lobelia is a terrestrial, perennial herb (Kershaw et al. 2001). It grows on -- 5A, 6A, 7 13, 14 12U 520374E 5810825N (Lovbelia spicata var. 230.2 plants were observed in a 65 m x 35 m area and a Footprint, approximately 30 m and 18 m south of the trench line dry to moist sandy soil on the prairie (Kershaw et al. 2001). 12U 520405E 5810791N hirtella) [S1] 15 m x 2 m area respectively, during the respectively. 12U 520407E 5810788N supplemental vegetation surveys. Palespike lobelia is ranked S1 in Alberta. An S1 rank indicates that the species is 12U 520635E 5810693N considered critically imperilled (typically five or fewer occurrences) because of 12U 520637E 5810678N some biological factor(s) (NatureServe 2014b). As this population is ranked S1, avoidance of the population via narrowing of the right-of-way and fencing the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the population to avoid accidental encroachment is the preferred and recommended mitigation.
If avoidance is not feasible apply mitigation measure 9.
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TABLE 13 Cont'd
Mitigation Species (Scientific Legal Abundance Relation to Planning Construction Post-Construction/ Name) [Rank]A Location SKPB and Distribution FootprintC Discussion PhaseD PhaseE Operation PhaseF UTM Crawe’s sedge (Carex NW 17-40-5 W4M 229.9 A specimen of this population was collected in the This population was collected in the vicinity of the western Crawe's sedge is a grass like plant which forms small tufts in calcareous meadows -- 5A, 7 13, 14 See the UTMs for palespike crawei) [S2] field and identified at a later date. For this reason, edge of the palespike lobelia populations at SKP 230.2. As this (Moss 1983). lobelia at SKP 230.2. there is no abundance and distribution data for this population was identified by specimen at a later date, there is population. no information for exact relation to the Footprint. The population was collected in a depressional area, located east of a waterbody and in tame pasture frequented by cattle. As this population was collected in the vicinity of palespike lobelia, the same mitigation is recommended for this population. scratch grass SE 10-40-5 W4M 235.1 Hundreds of plants in a 20 m x 80 m area were This occurrence is located approximately 35 m south of the Refer to the discussion of scratch grass at SKP 185.8 above. -- 9 13, 14 12U 524889E 5808306N (Muhlenbergia observed during the supplemental vegetation centre line and is located both on and off of the Footprint. 12U 524890E 5808218N asperifolia) [S3W] surveys. 12U 524913E 5808292N 12U 524914E 5808292N straight-leaf moonwort SE 28-29-4 W4M 245.2 Approximately 10 to 15 plants were observed in a This occurrence is located on the Footprint, approximately Straight-leaf moonwort is found in grassland meadows and in open forests with a -- 5A, 6A 13, 14 12U 533275E 5803736N (Botrychium lineare) 5 m x 5 m area, during the supplemental vegetation 28 m south of the trench line. grass understory (Williston 2001). [S1] surveys. Botrychium species are heavily reliant on fungal symbionts during certain life cycle phases (Winther and Friedman 2007), consequently, they are generally poorly-suited to transplanting, and not resilient to disturbance of their root systems or substrate (i.e., soil).
Straight-leaf moonwort is ranked S1 in Alberta. An S1 rank indicates that the species is considered critically imperilled (typically five or fewer occurrences) because of some biological factor(s) (NatureServe 2014b).
Due to the sensitivity of this species to disturbance and its higher conservation priority, avoidance via narrowing of the right-of-way and fencing the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the population to avoid accidental encroachment is the preferred and recommended mitigation.
If avoidance is not feasible apply mitigation measure 9. least grape-fern SE 28-29-4 W4M 245.2 One plant was observed in a 2 cm x 2 cm area, This occurrence is located off of the Footprint, approximately Least grape fern grows in moist meadows, wetland edges, dry fields and roadside -- 6B, 7 13, 14 12U 533248E 5803741N (Botrychium simplex) during the supplemental vegetation surveys. 37 m southwest of the trench line. ditches (Kershaw et al. 2001). [S2] Botrychium species are heavily reliant on fungal symbionts during certain life cycle phases (Winther and Friedman 2007), consequently, they are generally poorly-suited to transplanting, and not resilient to disturbance of their root systems or substrate (i.e., soil).
Due to the sensitivity of this species to disturbance, avoidance via flagging the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the plant to avoid accidental encroachment is the preferred and recommended mitigation. few-flowered aster SE 10-35-24 W3M 337.3, Three populations of hundreds of plants, thousands The three populations are located both on and off of the Refer to the discussion of few-flowered aster at SKP 186.1 above. -- 4, 6C, 9, 12 13, 14 12U 613558E 5760523N (Almutaster NE 3-35-24 W3M 338 of plants and two plants were observed in a Footprint from 206 m north of the trench line to 90 m south of 12U 613626E 5760504N pauciflorus) [S3] 135 m x 130 m area, a 125 m x 300 m area and a the trench line. All three populations are located in the vicinity of wetlands, however, one of the 12U 613653E 5760420N 30 cm x 30 cm area respectively. populations is also located in the vicinity of a shoo-fly. 12U 613670E 5760457N 12U 613703E 5760520N 12U 613773E 5760306N 12U 613792E 5760263N 12U 613856E 5760223N 12U 613856E 5760326N 12U 613856E 5760389N 12U 613857E 5760424N 12U 613877E 5760555N 12U 613888E 5760361N 12U 613914E 5760333N 12U 614137E 5760127N Great Basin NE 16-30-14 W3M 448.8 Tens of thousands of plants were observed in a The population is located on the Footprint, from the centre line Great Basin downingia is an annual that is found in shallow water, pond margins 1 9 13, 14 13U 298532E 5717669N downingia (Downingia 25 m x 30 m area during the supplemental to approximately 25 m south of the centre line. and wet meadows (Kershaw et al. 2001). 13U 298553E 5717676N laeta) [S1S2] vegetation surveys. 13U 298561E 5717645N 13U 298567E 5717651N 13U 298583E 5717645N 13U 298583E 5717651N
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Enbridge Pipelines Inc. Supplemental Vegetation Technical Report Line 3 Replacement Program April 2015/10427
TABLE 13 Cont'd
Mitigation Species (Scientific Legal Abundance Relation to Planning Construction Post-Construction/ Name) [Rank]A Location SKPB and Distribution FootprintC Discussion PhaseD PhaseE Operation PhaseF UTM rocky mountain NE 8-29-11 W3M 478.8 Two plants were observed in a 2 m x 2 m area, The population is located on the Footprint, approximately 22 m Rocky mountain pincushion-plant is a low annual and is found in moist areas on 1 9 13, 14 13U 325559E 5705459N pincushion-plant during the supplemental vegetation surveys. south of the trench line. plains (Moss 1983). (Navarretia saximontana) [S3] western smooth NE 8-29-11 W3M 478.8 Thousands of plants were observed on the north, The population is located at the southern edge of the Footprint. Western smooth cliff-brake is a perennial fern. It grows on dry limestone rocks 2 5A, 7, 10 13, 14 13U 325573E 5705406N cliff-brake (Pellaea west and east faces of a glacial erratic, during the (Moss 1983). 13U 325580E 5705433N glabella ssp. supplemental vegetation surveys. 13U 325586E 5705423N occidentalis) [S1S2] If the construction right-of-way cannot be narrowed to avoid the rare plant 13U 325588E 5705421N This population was also observed in 2007 during population, the limestone rock that the population is growing on should be moved 13U 325592E 5705428N surveys for the Enbridge ACEP. off of the construction right-of-way to avoid disturbance to the population (mitigation options 2 and 10).
If moving the limestone rock off of the construction right-of-way, ensure that the sides of the limestone rock are protected during transport to avoid disturbance to the population. Ensure that the aspect of the limestone rock is maintained at the new location. narrow-leaved water NE 8-29-11 W3M 479.2 Three plants were observed in a 10 m x 10 m area This population is located on the Footprint, approximately 22 m Narrow-leaved water plantain is a perennial plant which often grows in shallow -- 9 13, 14 13U 325969E 5705327N plantain (Alisma during the supplemental vegetation surveys. south of the trench line. water. It occurs in marshes, ponds and streams (Moss 1983). gramieum) [S3] tall beggar’s-ticks NE 8-29-11 W3M 479.2 Approximately 200 plants were observed in a The population extends from the south end of the Footprint to Tall beggar’s-ticks is an annual herb that prefers moist ground and trenches and 1 4, 7, 9 13, 14 13U 325994E 5705338N (Bidens frondosa) 35 m x 27 m area, during the supplemental approximately 21 m north of the trench line. occasionally dry waste areas (Moss 1983). 13U 326016E 5705333N [S2S3] vegetation surveys. The population boarders the edge of a wetland being crossed by the construction right-of-way. Macoun’s cryptantha NW 9-29-11 W3M 479.8 Approximately 100 plants were observed in a The population is located on the south edge of the Footprint. Macoun’s cryptantha is a biennial or short-lived perennial that is commonly -- 5A, 6A 13, 14 13U 326524E 5705077N (Cryptantha macounii) 15 m x 15 m area during the supplemental observed on dry open prairie (Moss 1983). 13U 326520E 5705071N [S1] vegetation surveys. Macoun’s cryptantha is ranked S1 in Saskatchewan. An S1 rank indicates that the species is considered critically imperilled (typically five or fewer occurrences) because of some biological factor(s) (NatureServe 2014b). As this population is ranked S1, avoidance of the population via narrowing of the right-of-way and fencing the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the population to avoid accidental encroachment is the preferred and recommended mitigation.
If avoidance is not feasible apply mitigation measure 9. northern NW 9-29-11 W3M 479.9 There were five plants observed in a 2 m x 2 m area The population is located on the southern edge of the This species was observed at multiple locations along the pipeline route during -- 5A, 6B 13, 14 13U 326601E 5705047N blue-eyed-grass during the supplemental vegetation surveys. Footprint. vegetation surveys for the Project and is expected to be relatively abundant in the (Sisyrinchium Vegetation RSA. septentrionale) [S3?] If avoidance is not feasible apply mitigation measure 9. low milk-vetch SE 31-27-7 W3M 519.1 There were 23 plants observed in a 100 m linear The population is located on the south edge of the construction Low milk-vetch is a perennial herb with yellowish-white flowers and leaflets with -- 7 13, 14 13U 362620E 5690511N (Astragalus lotiflorus) area during the supplemental vegetation surveys. right-of-way and continues further south. grey-pubescent hairs. It inhabits dry slopes and prairies (Moss 1983). 13U 362621E 5690513N [S3] 13U 362627E 5690527N As this population is located in the vicinity of the South Saskatchewan River, it is 13U 362627E 5690529N expected to be avoided via horizontal directional drilling. The population is located 13U 362642E 5690480N within the area that will be fenced to avoid accidental encroachment of the 13U 362644E 5690473N COSEWIC and SARA-listed species. For this reason, flagging of this population is 13U 362675E 5690426N not warranted. small lupine (Lupinus SE 31-27-7 W3M 519.1 There were three plants observed in two populations These populations are located south of the Project Footprint. Small lupine is a low annual herb that inhabits sandy soil and dunes (Moss 1983). -- 7 -- 13U 362661E 5690446N pusillus ssp. pusillus) during the supplemental vegetation surveys. 13U 362642E 5690423N [S3] As these populations are located in the vicinity of the South Saskatchewan River, they are expected to be avoided via horizontal directional drilling. The populations are located within the area that will be fenced to avoid accidental encroachment of the COSEWIC and SARA-listed species. For this reason, flagging of these populations is not warranted. beaked annual SE 31-27-7 W3M 519.1 A total of five plants were observed in a 43 m linear This population is located south of the Project Footprint. This population occurs off the Footprint. -- 7 -- 13U 362650E 5690410E skeleton-weed area during the supplemental vegetation surveys. 13U 362653E 5690406E (Shinnersoseris 13U 362671E 5690367E rostrata) [S2]
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TABLE 13 Cont'd
Mitigation Species (Scientific Legal Abundance Relation to Planning Construction Post-Construction/ Name) [Rank]A Location SKPB and Distribution FootprintC Discussion PhaseD PhaseE Operation PhaseF UTM small-flowered SE 31-27-7 W3M 519.1 A total of 102 plants were observed in 2008 during The occurrence observed in 2008 was located off of the The population observed in 2008 occurs off the Footprint. The population observed 1 6A, 7 13, 14 13U 362663E 5690382N sand-verbena vegetation surveys for the Enbridge ACEP. This Footprint, approximately 47 m north of the trench line. in 2014 is located south of the construction right-of-way. 13U 362673E 5690364N (Tripterocalyx population was not included in post-construction micranthus) monitoring efforts as it was avoided on ACEP via The occurrence observed in early June 2014 was located Small-flowered sand-verbena is ranked S1 in Saskatchewan. It is provincially-listed [S1; Endangered] horizontal directional drilling. approximately 22 m north of the trench line and population as Endangered under the Saskatchewan Wildlife Act and federally-listed as extent continued off of the construction right-of-way. A reroute Endangered by COSEWIC and SARA. Due to the high conservation priority of this The population was revisited in June 2014. has since been completed in this area and this population now species, avoidance is preferred. Approximately 94 plants were observed within a occurs from 8 m south of the trench line to further south off of 64 m linear area. the construction right-of-way. This population was successfully avoided during the construction of the Enbridge ACEP via horizontal directional drilling and is expected to be similarly avoided by The population was revisited in August 2014 and 20 The occurrence observed in August 2014 was located off of the the Project. Trenchless crossing methods are currently recommended for the South plants were observed in less than a 20 m linear area. Footprint and approximately 162 m south of the trench line. Saskatchewan River at this location and are expected to be successful. However, if trenchless methods are unsuccessful or not feasible, it is recommended that a contingency trenchless crossing location be determined (See Appendix 7 within the ESA) [Filing IDs A4E7A6 to A4E7C2]. Environment Canada recommends that fencing be used within 30 m of the population to avoid accidental encroachment, even if the population is not observed prior to construction, as small-flowered sand- verbena is an annual and the soil located at this occurrence may contain a seed bank (Gregoire pers. comm.). smooth arid goosefoot SE 31-27-7 W3M 519.1 There were nine plants observed in a 140 m linear The population is located 50 m south of the trench line and Smooth arid goosefoot is an annual herb. It grows in open, slightly disturbed, sandy 1 6A, 7 13, 14 13U 362620E 5690511N (Chenopodium area. continues further south. areas (Kershaw et al. 2001). 13U 362642E 5690480N subglabrum) 13U 362660E 5690449N [S3, Threatened] Smooth arid goosefoot is federally-listed as Endangered by COSEWIC and SARA. 13U 362661E 5690446N Due to the high conservation priority of this species, avoidance is preferred. 13U 362670E 5690367N 13U 362673E 5690365N As the smooth arid goosefoot population is in the vicinity of the small-flowered 13U 362677E 5690422N sand-verbena population, it is expected that the population will be avoided via horizontal directional drilling under the South Saskatchewan River. Trenchless crossing methods are currently recommended for the South Saskatchewan River at this location and are expected to be successful. However, if trenchless methods are unsuccessful or not feasible, it is recommended that a contingency trenchless crossing location be determined (See Appendix 7 within the ESA) [Filing IDs A4E7A6 to A4E7C2]. Environment Canada recommends that fencing be used within 30 m of the population to avoid accidental encroachment, even if the population is not observed prior to construction, as smooth arid goosefoot is an annual and the soil located at this occurrence may contain a seed bank (Gregoire pers. comm.). low milk-vetch SE 31-27-7 W3M 519.2 There was one plant observed during the The plant is located south of the Footprint. Refer to the discussion of low milk-vetch at SKP 519.1 above. -- 6B, 7 -- 13U 362706E 5690450N (Astragalus lotiflorus) supplemental vegetation surveys. [S3] As the low milk-vetch plant is located in the vicinity of the South Saskatchewan River, it is expected that the plant will be avoided via horizontal directional drilling. However, the plant will be located greater than 30 m from the fencing being used to avoid accidental encroachment of the COSEWIC and SARA-listed species. As the low milk-vetch plant is located south of the Footprint, mitigation measure 6B is the preferred method to avoid encroachment by vehicle traffic. narrow-leaved water SE 32-27-7 W3M 520.6 There were 25 plants observed in a linear area less The population is located both on and off of the Footprint, from Refer to the discussion of narrow-leaved water plantain at SKP 479.2 above. -- 5A, 7, 9, 12 13, 14 13U 364102E 5689977N plantain (Alisma than 7 m long. the north side of the construction right-of-way to less than 10 m 13U 364107E 5689984N gramieum) [S3] north of the centre line. This population was observed in an irrigation canal. If the irrigation canal will be bored, mitigation measure 9 will not be required. tall beggar’s-ticks SE 32-27-7 W3M 520.6 There were two plants observed, approximately 18 m The population is located both on and off of the Footprint, from Refer to the discussion of tall beggar’s-ticks at SKP 479.2 above. 1 5A, 7, 9 13, 14 13U 364099E 5689965N (Bidens frondosa) apart from each other. approximately 15 m north to approximately 4 m south of the 13U 364105E 5689983N [S2S3] trench line. This population was observed in an irrigation canal. If the irrigation canal will be bored, mitigation measure 9 will not be required. few-flowered aster SW 36-24-3 W3M 574.5 There were approximately 100 to 200 plants The population is located both on and off of the Footprint, from Refer to the discussion of few-flowered aster at SKP 186.1 above. -- 4, 9, 12 13, 14 13U 408674E 5660217N (Almutaster observed in a 40 m linear area. the south edge of the Footprint to approximately 16 m north of 13U 408686E 5660143N pauciflorus) [S3] the trench line. This population was observed in a wet alkaline area and located on the periphery of 13U 408713E 5660180N a wetland. northern NE 31-23-1 W3M 590.2 Approximately five plants were observed in a The population is located on the Footprint, approximately 10 m Refer to the discussion of northern blue-eyed-grass at SKP 479.9 above. -- 9 13, 14 13U 421355E 5651053N blue-eyed-grass 3 m x 3 m area. southwest of the centre line. (Sisyrinchium This population was observed in a moist area adjacent to a wetland surrounded by septentrionale) [S3?] native prairie land.
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TABLE 13 Cont'd
Mitigation Species (Scientific Legal Abundance Relation to Planning Construction Post-Construction/ Name) [Rank]A Location SKPB and Distribution FootprintC Discussion PhaseD PhaseE Operation PhaseF UTM long-spined hawthorn SE 13-23-1 W3M 599.4 There was one plant observed during the The plant is located on the southern edge of the Footprint. Long-spined hawthorn is a shrub that often grows on slopes with other shrubs, in -- 5A, 6A 13, 14 13U 428734E 5645582N (Crataegus supplemental vegetation surveys. depressions and in open woods (Harms et al. 1992). succulenta) [S1] Long-spined hawthorn is ranked S1 in Saskatchewan. An S1 rank indicates that the species is considered critically imperilled (typically five or fewer occurrences) because of some biological factor(s) (NatureServe 2014b). As this species is ranked S1, avoidance of the plant via narrowing of the right-of-way and fencing the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the plant to avoid accidental encroachment is the preferred and recommended mitigation.
If avoidance is not feasible apply mitigation measures 2 and 10. Menzies’ catchfly SE 13-23-1 W3M 599.6 There were three plants observed in a 30 m x 30 m This population is located north of the Footprint. This population occurs off the Footprint. -- 6B, 7 -- 13U 428904E 5645424N (Silene menziesii) [S3] area, during the supplemental vegetation surveys. (approximate location) slender yellow-cress NW 5-21-26 W2M 637.6 There were two plants observed, 40 cm apart from The population is located on the Footprint, approximately 5 m Slender yellow-cress is a hairless annual (Moss 1983). 1 4 13, 14 13U 459019E 5623154N (Rorippa tenerrima) each other. north of the trench line. [S1] This population is approximately 8 m from the edge of a wetland.
Slender yellow-cress is ranked S1 in Saskatchewan. An S1 rank indicates that the species is considered critically imperilled (typically five or fewer occurrences) because of some biological factor(s) (NatureServe 2014b). As this population is ranked S1, avoidance of the population via leaving a gap in the spoil pile in order to narrow the right-of-way is the preferred and recommended mitigation. However, if this population is too close to the trench line, mitigation measure 11 is recommended. big bluestem NE 27-18-23 W2M 679.9 to Approximately 200 to 300 plants were observed This population is located on the Footprint, from approximately Big bluestem is a tall, perennial grass that is found in tallgrass prairies, open woods -- 9 13, 14 13U 494300E 5600323N (Andropogon gerardii) 680.1 within a 250 m x 20 m area. 2 m north to 12 m north of the trench line. and hillsides (NatureServe 2014a). 13U 494493E 5600179N [S4] Big bluestem is ranked S4 in Saskatchewan (SK CDC 2014a), however, it is still being tracked by the SK CDC as it is a host for the Dakota Skipper, a rare butterfly (Vinge-Mazer pers. comm.). northern NE 11-12-1 W2M 917.1 There were seven plants observed in a 1 m x 1 m This population is located on the Footprint, approximately 18 m Refer to the discussion of northern blue-eyed-grass at SKP 479.9 above. -- 9 13, 14 13U 712857N 5540978N blue-eyed-grass area. south of the trench line. (Sisyrinchium This population was observed in an area of tame pasture. septentrionale) [S3?] crystalwort (Riccia NW 36-10-32 WPM 942.9 There were approximately 10,000 to 15,000 thalli This population is located on the Footprint, from approximately Crystalwort occurs as small, tangled mats immediately below the surface of ponds, -- 9, 12 13, 14 14U 305419E 5529452N fluitans) [Unranked] observed in a 10 m x 5 m area. 4 m north of the centre line to 3 m south of the centre line. lakes and waterways. Crystalwort can also occur in a terrestrial form 14U 305424E 5529448N (Schuster 1996-1992, Paton 1999, Damsholt 2002). Population viability is sensitive to alteration of local hydrology.
If grading is required for the Footprint near this occurrence, ensure pre-construction contours are maintained. crystalwort (Riccia NW 28-10-31 WPM 948.6 There were approximately 45,000 to 50,000 thalli This population is located on the Footprint, approximately 15 m Refer to the discussion of crystalwort at SKP 942.9 above. -- 9, 12 13, 14 14U 310658E 5527185N fluitans) [Unranked] observed in a 16 m x 5 m area. south of the trench line. 14U 310666E 5527179N This population was observed in a marsh. 14U 310673E 5527173N crystalwort (Riccia NW 28-10-31 WPM 948.8 There were approximately 300,000 thalli observed in This population is located both on and off of the Footprint, from Refer to the discussion of crystalwort at SKP 942.9 above. -- 4, 7, 12 13, 14 14U 310775E 5527136N fluitans) [Unranked] a 43 m x 35 m area. approximately the trench line to 34 m north of the trench line. 14U 310792E 5527168N This population was observed in a wetland. 14U 310818E 5527123N 14U 310832E 5527146N crystalwort (Riccia NW 34-7-19 WPM 1073.9 There were approximately 2,000 to 5,000 thalli This population is located on the Footprint, from approximately Refer to the discussion of crystalwort at SKP 942.9 above. -- 7, 9, 12 13, 14 14U 429061E 5496404N fluitans) [Unranked] observed in a 30 m area. 10 m south of the trench line to 18 m south of the trench line. 14U 429061E 5496416N This population was observed in a marsh, under a willow species canopy. 14U 429049E 5496419N 14U 429051E 5496413N 14U 429067E 5496401N eastern yellow NE 34-7-19 WPM 1074.7 There were approximately 10 plants observed in a This population is located off of the Footprint, approximately Eastern yellow stargrass is a perennial herb with grass-like leaves and yellow -- 6B, 7 13, 14 14U 429788E 5496507N stargrass (Hypoxis 1 m x 2 m area. 40 m southeast of the trench line. flowers (FNA Editorial Committee 1993+). hirsuta) [S4]
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TABLE 13 Cont'd
Mitigation Species (Scientific Legal Abundance Relation to Planning Construction Post-Construction/ Name) [Rank]A Location SKPB and Distribution FootprintC Discussion PhaseD PhaseE Operation PhaseF UTM green needlegrass SE 15-6-12 WPM 1149.4 There were approximately 500 plants and 200 plants These populations are located both on and off of the Footprint, Refer to the discussion of green needlegrass at SKP 971.8 above. -- 9 13 14U 500094E 5480457N (Nassella viridula) [S3] observed in 2 populations within a 225 m x 10 m and from approximately 46 m north of the trench line to 76 m south 14U 500095E 5480550N an 80 m x 10 m area respectively. of the trench line. Note that the populations are located perpendicular to the Footprint. They will likely 14U 500103E 5480535N be avoided by a road bore, except for access ramps from the road. Therefore, 14U 500104E 5480341N mitigation method 9 is the preferred method to protect the populations from disturbance. Notes: A See the footnotes of Appendix B in Appendix 9 of the ESA [Filing IDs A4E7D1 to A4E7D5] for definitions of rarity ranks. B All SKP locations are approximate. C The construction right-of-way Footprint will typically be 45 m wide. D Mitigation measures recommended for implementation during the Planning Phase of the Project include: 1) If feasible, schedule construction to occur after the seed set period to enhance the survival of the population. 2) Obtain agreement with landowners regarding transplant receiving sites, where identified on private lands. Receiving sites are typically placed adjacent to the proposed Footprint, where appropriate habitat can be found near the construction right-of-way. E Mitigation measures recommended for implementation during the Construction Phase of the Project include: 3) Consider extending the road bore to avoid the rare plant population and, if applicable, the associated wetland. 4) Leave a gap in the spoil pile within a 10 m radius of this population and flag/stake with flagging tape and/or lathe as appropriate around the occurrence area to avoid accidental encroachment. 5A) Narrow the construction right-of-way, to the extent feasible, in the vicinity of the rare plant population or rare ecological community. 5B) Narrow the temporary workspace, to the extent feasible, in the vicinity of the rare plant population or rare ecological community. 6A) Fence the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the population to avoid accidental encroachment. 6B) Flag the edge of the construction right-of-way nearest to the population to avoid accidental encroachment. 6C) Flag the edge of the shoo-fly nearest to the population to avoid accidental encroachment. 7) Avoid taking extra temporary workspace in this area. 8) If feasible, utilize the proposed right-of-way for travel. 9) Construct a temporary travel surface using appropriate protective material (e.g., subsoil and geotextile or matting) in order to reduce soil and vegetation disturbance within the population extent. If matting is expected to be needed for more than one season and will not be in constant use during this time (e.g., matting installed during winter will remain until the following winter), matting should be removed prior to the growing season and replaced immediately before construction activities resume. 10) Transplant the population (or a portion of the population) expected to be affected by construction to an appropriate habitat outside of the Footprint, during the growing season prior to construction. 11) Salvage topsoil in the vicinity of this location, where grading is necessary. Salvage topsoil to a depth of up to 15 cm from within a 10 m radius of this location. Isolate topsoil from other spoil piles and identify by labeled stakes or flags. Redistribute salvaged topsoil over the construction right-of-way at the location from which it was salvaged. 12) Pay particular attention to restoring pre-construction contours following construction near this population to ensure site microtopography and hydrology are maintained. F Mitigation measures recommended for implementation during the Post-Construction/Operation Phase of the Project include: 13) Monitor the effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures during rare plant PCEM. 14) Avoid blanket use of herbicides within 30 m of, or between the range of, the provided UTM coordinates. Target spraying, wicking, mowing or hand-picking are acceptable weed control measures in proximity to rare plants and rare ecological communities and may be important to prevent competition with invasive plant species.
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9.0 SUMMARY The land use crossed by the reroutes does not differ greatly from the land use crossed by the original Line 3 replacement pipeline route. The reroute from SKP 517.7 to SKP 520.4, from SKP 599.5 to SKP 599.7, from SKP 969.4 to SKP 980.7 and from SKP 1002.9 to SKP 1016.0 avoids several populations of previously observed rare plants, however, the land uses crossed by the reroutes are similar to the land uses crossed by the original Line 3 replacement pipeline route. It is, therefore, likely that rare plants will be observed along these reroutes during the 2015 supplemental vegetation surveys. No rare plants or rare ecological communities observed during the 2013 and early June 2014 vegetation surveys are located in the vicinity of the RSV sites and are, therefore, not anticipated to affect construction of RSVs or any associated towers. However, if rare plants or rare ecological communities are observed in the vicinity of RSV sites and tower locations during construction and/or supplemental vegetation surveys, mitigation for those rare plants and rare ecological communities will be recommended at that time.
The supplemental vegetation surveys in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba encountered a number of different vegetation communities which included tame pasture, native grassland, deciduous forest and wetland areas. No COSEWIC or SARA-listed species and no species designated under the Alberta Wildlife Act were observed during the supplemental vegetation surveys in Alberta. There were eight ACIMS-listed rare vascular plant species observed along the Line 3 replacement pipeline route within Alberta. There was one rare ecological community observed along the Line 3 replacement pipeline route in Alberta. Two federally-listed species, small-flowered sand-verbena and smooth arid goosefoot, were observed in Saskatchewan during the supplemental surveys in August 2014. Small-flowered sand-verbena is listed as Endangered under COSEWIC, SARA and the Saskatchewan Wildlife Act. Smooth arid goosefoot is listed as Threatened under COSEWIC and SARA. There were 17 SK CDC-listed rare vascular plant species and 1 SK CDC-listed rare non-vascular plant species observed during the supplemental vegetation surveys along the Line 3 replacement pipeline route in Saskatchewan. No COSEWIC or SARA-listed species and no species designated by the Manitoba Endangered Species and Ecosystems Act were observed during the supplemental vegetation surveys in Manitoba. There were two MB CDC-listed rare vascular plant species and one MB CDC-listed rare non-vascular plant species observed during the supplemental vegetation surveys along the Line 3 replacement pipeline route.
No Prohibited Noxious weeds were observed along the Footprint in Alberta. However, 8 Noxious weeds and 41 additional non-listed, non-native species were observed in Alberta. There were 15 Noxious weeds, 8 Nuisance weeds and 59 additional non-listed, non-native species observed along the Footprint in Saskatchewan. There were 23 Noxious weeds and 29 additional non-listed, non-native species found to occur along the Footprint in Manitoba.
The objectives of this report were to provide: updates on Project details that have occurred after the ESA was filed; consultation updates that have occurred from July 1 to December 24, 2014; the environmental setting for reroutes that have occurred after the ESA was filed; and the results of the supplemental vegetation surveys that were conducted in late June 2014 and August 2014. The successful implementation of the recommendations in this report and the mitigation measures outlined in the EPPs (Appendix 1 of the ESA) [Filing IDs A4E6X1 to A4E6X4] are expected to satisfy any guidelines associated with the applicable Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba provincial legislation.
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10.0 REFERENCES 10.1 Personal Communications TERA wishes to acknowledge those people identified in the Personal Communications for their assistance in supplying information and comments incorporated into this report.
Friesen, C. Biodiversity Information Manager. Manitoba Conservation Data Centre. Winnipeg, MB.
Gregoire, P. Wildlife Biologist. Environment Canada. Edmonton, AB.
Porter, P. Land Management Specialist. AESRD. Wainwright, AB.
Vinge-Mazer, S. Botanist. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre, Regina, SK.
10.2 Literature Cited Allen, L. 2014. Alberta Conservation Information Management System Ecological Community Tracking List. Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. Edmonton, AB. 126 pp.
Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development. 2014. Alberta Conservation Information Management System (ACIMS) Element Occurrences (Part 1: Non-sensitive) (digital file). Edmonton, AB. Available: http://www.albertaparks.ca/albertaparksca/management-land- use/alberta-conservation-information-management-system-(acims)/download-data.aspx. Acquired: October 2014. Last Update Check: March 11, 2015.
Alberta Native Plant Council. 2012. ANPC Guidelines for Rare Vascular Plant Surveys in Alberta – 2012 Update. Alberta Native Plant Council. Edmonton, AB. 22 pp.
Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. 2014a. Tracked Elements Listed by Natural Subregions. June 2013. Government of Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. Edmonton, AB. Website: http://www.albertaparks.ca/media/387636/tracked_elements_by_natural_subregions.xls. Accessed: September 2013.
Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. 2014b. List of all Species and Ecological Communities in Alberta, within the ACIMS Database. May 2014. Government of Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. Edmonton, AB. Website: http://www.albertaparks.ca/media/387336/list_of_all_elements2014.xls. Accessed: December 2014.
Damsholt, K. 2002. The Illustrated Flora of Nordic Liverworts and Hornworts. Nordic Bryological Society. Lund, Sweden. 840 pp.
Enbridge Pipelines Inc. 2014. Manitoba Conservation Data Centre Element Occurrence Database (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received: via email. Acquired: March 2014.
Energy, Mines and Resources Canada. 1981a. Canada – Last Frost in Spring. 1:7,500,000 map.
Energy, Mines and Resources Canada. 1981b. Canada – First Frost in Autumn. 1:7,500,000 map.
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. New York and Oxford. 16+ vols. Website: http://floranorthamerica.org/. Accessed: September 2014.
Harms, V.L., P.A. Ryan and J.A. Haraldson. 1992. The Rare and Endangered Native Vascular Plants of Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Natural History Society and the W.P. Fraser Herbarium, University of Saskatchewan. Saskatoon, SK. 27 pp.
Henderson, D.C. 2009. Occupancy Survey Guidelines for Prairie Plant Species at Risk. Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Prairie and Northern Region. Saskatoon, SK. vi + 37 pp.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System. 2014. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Website: http://www.itis.gov/. Accessed: September 2014.
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Kershaw, L., J. Gould, D. Johnson and J. Lancaster. 2001. Rare Vascular Plants of Alberta. University of Alberta Press. Edmonton, AB. 484 pp.
Looman, J. and K.F. Best. 1987. Budd's Flora of the Canadian Prairie Provinces. Research Branch Publication 1662. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, ON. 863 pp.
Lynch-Stewart, P. 2004. Environment Assessment Best Practice Guide for Wildlife at Risk in Canada. Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Wildlife Conservation Branch. Gatineau, PQ. 63 pp.
Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives. 2013. Declaration of Noxious Weeds in Manitoba. Website: http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/weeds/declaration-of-noxious-weeds-in-mb.html. Accessed: September 2014.
Manitoba Conservation Data Centre. 2013. Manitoba Plant List. Requested from Chris Friesen, Biodiversity Information Manager, Manitoba Conservation. Winnipeg, MB. June 2013.
Moss, E.H. 1983. Flora of Alberta. Second Edition. Revised by J.G. Packer. University of Toronto Press. Toronto, ON. 687 pp.
NatureServe. 2014a. NatureServe Explorer - An Online Encyclopedia of Life. Website: http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/index.htm. Accessed: September 2014.
NatureServe. 2014b. NatureServe Conservation Status: Global, National and Subnational Conservation Status Definitions. Website: http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/ranking.htm. Accessed: December 2013.
Nesom, G. 2003. Bur Oak Plant Guide. US Department of Agriculture and the Natural Resources Conservation Service. Chapel Hill, NC. 3 pp.
Paton, J.A. 1999. The Liverwort Flora of the British Isles. Harley Books. Essex, England. 626 pp.
Royer, F. and R. Dickinson. 1999. Weeds of Canada and the Northern United States. Lone Pine Publishing and the University of Alberta Press. Edmonton, AB. 470 pp.
Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2014a. Taxa List: Vascular Plants. Regina, SK. 135 pp.
Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2014b. Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre Element Occurrence Database (digital file). Regina, SK. Website: http://gisweb1.serm.gov.sk.ca/wildlifelogin/form.asp. Acquired: December 2014. Last Update Check: December 3, 2014
Saskatchewan Conservation Data Centre. 2014c. Taxa List: Non-vascular Plants. Regina, SK. 6 pp.
Schuster, R.M. 1966-1992. The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America East of the Hundredth Meridian, Volumes 1-6. Columbia University Press. New York, NY.
University of Saskatchewan. 2014. Virtual Herbarium of Plants at Risk in Saskatchewan: A Natural Heritage. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Website: http://www.usask.ca/biology/rareplants_sk/root/htm/en/index.php. Accessed: November 2014.
Williston, P. 2001. The Botrychiaceae of Alberta. Mnium Ecological Research and the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre. Edmonton, AB. 61 pp.
Winther, J.L. and W.E. Friedman. 2007. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbionts in Botrychium (Ophioglossaceae). American Journal of Botany 94: 1248-1255.
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10.3 GIS Data and Mapping References This subsection includes references cited on the figures accompanying this report.
AltaLIS. 2015. Alberta Municipal Boundaries (digital file). Calgary, AB. Available: http://www.altalis.com. Acquired: February 2015. Last Update Check: February 9, 2015.
ASRD. 2005. 2005 Natural Regions and Subregions (digital file). Edmonton, AB. Available: http://tpr.alberta.ca/parks/heritageinfocentre/naturalregions/default.aspx. Acquired: October 2010. Last Update Check: May 7, 2014.
Enbridge Pipelines Inc. 2013. 30 cm orthorectified aerial imagery, licensed by Pictometry 2012 (digital file). Recieved: via portable hard drive. Acquired: October 2013.
IHS Inc. 2015. IHS Road Segments (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received: via DVD, visit http://www.ihs.comfor more info. Acquired: February 17, 2015. Update Interval: Monthly.
Information Services Corporation of Saskatchewan. 2014. Sask Cartographic Rural Municipality (digital file). Regina, SK. Available: https://www.geosask.ca/Portal/ptk. Acquired: February 2014. Last Update Check: September 11, 2014.
MCPS.2007. Manitoba Municipal Boundaries (digital file). Winnipeg, MB. Available: https://mli2.gov.mb.ca/adminbnd/index.html. Acquired: June 2011. Last Update Check: June 2014.
MLI. n.d. Natural Ecological Regions (digital file). Available: https://mli2.gov.mb.ca/mli_data/index.html. Acquired: December 2011. Last Update Check: June 2014.
NRCan. 2007-2011. National Hydro Network (digital files). Sherbrooke, QC. Available: http://www.geobase.ca/geobase/en/data/nhn/index.html. Acquired: April 2012. Last Update Check: May 2012.
NRCan. 2012. CanVec -Transportation - 1020009 Railway (digital file). Sherbrooke, QC. Available: http://geogratis.cgdi.gc.ca/geogratis/en/download/topographic.html. Acquired: June 2012. Last Update Check: November 2012.
Saskatchewan Research Council. 2007. Range Ecoregions Merge (digital file). Saskatoon, SK. Available: Via CD, http://www.pcap-sk.org/docs/6_skecositeguide/Ecoregions_and_Ecosites.pdffor more info. Acquired: March 2010. Last Update Check: September 30, 2013.
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APPENDIX A
PHOTOPLATES
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Plate 1 Close-up view of bur oak, located at NE 27-41-8 W4M (approximate SKP 202.1) (August 8, 2014).
Plate 2 Close-up view of few-flowered aster, located at NW 17-42-9 W4M (approximate SKP 186.1) (August 6, 2014).
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Plate 3 Close-up view of least grape-fern, located at SE 28-39-4 W4M (approximate SKP 245.2) (June 24, 2014).
Plate 4 Close-up view of palespike lobelia, located at NW 17-40-5 W4M (approximate SKP 230.2) (August 10, 2014).
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Plate 5 View of Schweinitz's flatsedge, located at SW 19-41-7 W4M (approximate SKP 206.3) (August 8, 2014).
Plate 6 Close-up view of scratch grass, located at NW 17-42-9 W4M (approximate SKP 185.8) (August 8, 2014).
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Plate 7 Close-up view of straight-leaf moonwort, located at SE 28-39-4 W4M (approximate SKP 245.2) (June 24, 2014).
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Plate 8 View of beaked annual skeleton-weed, located at E1/2 31-27-7 W3M (approximate SKP 519.1) (August 12, 2014).
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Plate 9 View of big bluestem, located at NE 27-18-23 W2M (approximate SKP 679.9) (August 15, 2014).
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Plate 10 Close-up view of crystalwort, located at NW 28-10-31 WPM (approximate SKP 948.6) (August 10, 2014).
Plate 11 View of Great Basin downingia, located at NE 16-30-14 W3M (approximate SKP 448.8) (August 14, 2014).
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Plate 12 View of a long-spined hawthorn leaf, located at SE 13-28-1 W3M (approximate SKP 599.4) (June 29, 2014).
Plate 13 View of low milk-vetch, located at SE 31-27-7 W4M (approximate SKP 519.1) (August 12, 2014).
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Plate 14 View of Macoun’s cryptantha, located at NW 9-29-11 W3M (approximate SKP 479.8) (June 27, 2014).
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Plate 15 View of narrow-leaved water plantain, located at NE 8-29-11 W3M (approximate SKP 479.2) (June 27, 2014).
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Plate 16 Close-up view of northern blue-eyed-grass, located at NW 9-29-11 W3M (approximate SKP 479.9) (June 27, 2014).
Plate 17 View of rocky mountain pincushion-plant, located at NE 8-29-11 W3M (approximate SKP 478.8) (June 27, 2014).
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Plate 18 View of slender yellow-cress, located at NW 5-21-26 W2M (approximate SKP 637.6) (August 6, 2014).
Plate 19 View of small-flowered sand-verbena, located at E1/2 31-27-7 W3M (approximate SKP 519.1) (August 12, 2014).
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Plate 20 View of small lupine, located at E1/2 31-27-7 W3M (approximate SKP 519.1) (August 12, 2014).
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Plate 21 View of smooth arid goosefoot, located at E1/2 31-27-7 W3M (approximate SKP 519.1) (August 12, 2014).
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Plate 22 View of tall beggar’s-ticks, located at NE 8-29-11 W3M (approximate SKP 479.2) (August 13, 2014).
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Plate 23 Close-up view of western smooth cliff-brake, located at NE 8-29-11 W3M (approximate SKP 478.8) (August 13, 2014).
Plate 24 View of eastern yellow stargrass, located at NE 34-7-19 WPM (approximate KP 1074.7) (June 20, 2014).
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Plate 25 View of green needlegrass, located at NE 34-9-29 WPM (approximate SKP 971.8) (June 23, 2014).
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Plate 26 View of creeping juniper/(June grass)/green reindeer lichen, a rare ecological community, located at SE 24-41-8 W4M (approximate SKP 205.6) (August 8, 2014).
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APPENDIX B
OBSERVED PLANT SPECIES – BY TYPE AND COMMON NAME
Common Name1 Scientific Name1 TREES American elm Ulmus americana balsam poplar Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera bur oak Quercus macrocarpa var. macrocarpa jackpine Pinus banksiana Manitoba maple Acer negundo trembling aspen Populus tremuloides SHRUBS American red raspberry Rubus idaeus balsam willow Salix pyrifolia basket willow Salix petiolaris beaked hazelnut Corylus cornuta beaked willow Salix bebbiana bristly black currant Ribes lacustre bristly gooseberry Ribes oxyacanthoides buffalo-berry Shepherdia argentea bunchberry Cornus canadensis Canada buffalo-berry Shepherdia canadensis choke cherry Prunus virginiana common juniper Juniperus communis creeping juniper Juniperus horizontalis downy arrow-wood Viburnum rafinesquianum fire cherry Prunus pensylvanica var. pensylvanica green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica high bush-cranberry Viburnum opulus var. americanum hoary sagebrush Artemisia cana involucrate honeysuckle Lonicera involucrata long-spined hawthorn Crataegus succulenta low bush-cranberry Viburnum edule narrow-leaved meadow-sweet Spiraea alba northern black current Ribes hudsonianum var. hudsonianum northern hawthorn Crataegus chrysocarpa prairie rose Rosa arkansana prickly rose Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi red-osier dogwood Cornus sericea river birch Betula occidentalis sandbar willow Salix interior Saskatoon Amelanchier alnifolia var. alnifolia silverberry Elaeagnus commutata skunk currant Ribes glandulosum snowberry Symphoricarpos albus var. albus swamp red currant Ribes triste western snowberry Symphoricarpos occidentalis wild black currant Ribes americanum wild honeysuckle Lonicera dioica willow species Salix sp. Wood's rose Rosa woodsii FORBS, DWARF SHRUBS agrimony Agrimonia striata alumroot Heuchera richardsonii American pellitory Parietaria pensylvanica var. pensylvanica American purple vetch Vicia americana American speedwell Veronica americana
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 American twinflower Linnaea borealis ssp. americana American wild strawberry Fragaria vesca ssp. americana annual ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia arrow-leaved colt's-foot Petasites frigidus var. sagittatus arum-leaved arrowhead Sagittaria cuneata aster species Aster sp. autumn dwarf-gentian Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta balsam groundsel Packera paupercula bastard toadflax Comandra umbellata beaked annual skeleton-weed Shinnersoseris rostrata bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi beautiful sunflower Helianthus pauciflorus beggar-ticks Bidens vulgata Bicknell's geranium Geranium bicknellii bindweed Fallopia cilinodis bishop's-cap Mitella nuda bitter fleabane Erigeron acris black snakeroot Sanicula marilandica black-eyed-susan Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima flax species Linum sp. blue pendant-pod oxytrope Oxytropis deflexa var. sericea blunt-fruited sweet-cicely Osmorhiza depauperata blunt-leaved sandwort Moehringia lateriflora bog bedstraw Galium labradoricum bog violet Viola nephrophylla boreal sweet-vetch Hedysarum boreale broad-fruited bur-reed Sparganium eurycarpum broadleaf gumweed Grindelia squarrosa broad-leaved pussytoes Antennaria neglecta broad-leaved water plantain Alisma subcordatum broad-leaved water plantain Alisma triviale broomweed Gutierrezia sarothrae buttercup species Ranunculus sp. Canada anemone Anemone canadensis Canada goldenrod Solidago canadensis Canadian milk-vetch Astragalus canadensis Canadian milk-vetch Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis Canadian white violet Viola canadensis canescent goldenrod Solidago altissima ssp. gilvocanescens carrion flower Smilax lasioneura celery-leaved buttercup Ranunculus sceleratus clammy hedge-hyssop Gratiola neglecta clustered broom-rape Orobanche fasciculata cockle bur Xanthium strumarium var. canadense Collins' rockcress Boechera collinsii Colorado rubber-plant Hymenoxys richardsonii var. richardsonii common annual sunflower Helianthus annuus common bladderwort Utricularia vulgaris common blue-eyed-grass Sisyrinchium montanum common cattail Typha latifolia common hop Humulus lupulus common horsetail Equisetum arvense common mare's-tail Hippuris vulgaris common milkweed Asclepias speciosa common moonwort Botrychium lunaria common polypody Polypodium virginianum common scouring-rush Equisetum hyemale
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 common sneezeweed Helenium autumnale common tall sunflower Helianthus nuttallii common yarrow Achillea millefolium cream-coloured vetchling Lathyrus ochroleucus creeping saltbush Atriplex prostrata curly-cup gumweed Grindelia squarrosa cushion milk-vetch Astragalus gilviflorus var. gilviflorus cut-leaved anemone Anemone multifida daisy fleabane Erigeron annuus dense spike-moss Selaginella densa var. densa desert ragwort Senecio eremophilus dotted blazing star Liatris punctata Drummond's catchfly Silene drummondii dwarf red raspberry Rubus pubescens var. pubescens dwarf scouring-rush Equisetum scirpoides eastern yellow stargrass Hypoxis hirsuta fairybells Prosartes trachycarpa false dandelion Agoseris glauca few-flowered aster Almutaster pauciflorus field milk-vetch Astragalus agrestis field mouse-ear chickweed Cerastium arvense flat-leaved bladderwort Utricularia intermedia flat-spine sheepbur Lappula occidentalis flat-topped white aster Doellingeria umbellata var. pubens flax Linum lewisii fleabane species Erigeron sp. flodman's thistle Cirsium flodmanii Fremont's goosefoot Chenopodium fremontii var. fremontii fringed loosestrife Lysimachia ciliata gentian species Gentiana sp. Geyer's aster Symphyotrichum laeve giant hyssop Agastache foeniculum glaucous false dandelion Agoseris glauca var. glauca glaucous white lettuce Prenanthes racemosa golden alexanders Zizia aurea golden-bean Thermopsis rhombifolia graceful cinquefoil Potentilla gracilis gray goldenrod Solidago nemoralis great plains bladder-pod Physaria arenosa great water dock Rumex britannica great-flowered gaillardia Gaillardia aristata hairy false goldenaster Heterotheca villosa hairy hedge-nettle Stachys pilosa hairy rockcress Arabis pycnocarpa var. pycnocarpa hairy speedwell Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis hairy umbrellawort Mirabilis hirsuta harebell Campanula rotundifolia heart-leaved alexanders Zizia aptera heart-leaved buttercup Ranunculus cardiophyllus hedge-hyssop species Gratiola sp. hoary puccoon Lithospermum canescens hog-peanut Amphicarpaea bracteata hooded lady's-tresses Spiranthes romanzoffiana hornwort Ceratophyllum demersum horseweed Conyza canadensis Indian breadroot Pediomelum esculentum Indian hemp Apocynum cannabinum
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 ivy-leaved duckweed Lemna trisulca Kalm's lobelia Lobelia kalmii lance-leaved loosestrife Lysimachia hybrida lance-leaved psoralea Psoralidium lanceolatum large-flower yellow flax Linum rigidum large-leaved avens Geum macrophyllum late yellow locoweed Oxytropis monticola Laxmann's milk-vetch Astragalus laxmannii var. robustior leafy pondweed Potamogeton foliosus ssp. foliosus least grape-fern Botrychium simplex lesser duckweed Lemna minor lilac beardtongue Penstemon gracilis var. gracilis Lindley's aster Symphyotrichum ciliatum little-rose Chamaerhodos erecta ssp. nuttallii locoweed species Oxytropis sp. long-fruited anemone Anemone cylindrica long-fruited parsley Lomatium macrocarpum long-headed coneflower Ratibida columnifera long-leaved bluets Houstonia longifolia long-stalked starwort Stellaria longipes Louisiana broomrape Orobanche ludoviciana low cinquefoil Potentilla plattensis low goldenrod Solidago missouriensis low milk-vetch Astragalus lotiflorus low-meadow fleabane Erigeron lonchophyllus Macoun's buttercup Ranunculus macounii Macoun's cryptantha Cryptantha macounii Macoun's false bindweed Calystegia macounii marsh cinquefoil Comarum palustre marsh grass-of-parnassus Parnassia palustris marsh hedge-nettle Stachys palustris marsh horsetail Equisetum palustre marsh skullcap Scutellaria galericulata marsh yellow cress Rorippa palustris ssp. fernaldiana maximillian sunflower Helianthus maximiliani meadow blazing-star Liatris ligulistylis meadow horsetail Equisetum pratense meadow popcorn-flower Plagiobothrys scouleri var. hispidulus mealy primrose Primula incana Menzies' catchfly Silene menziesii milk-vetch species Astragalus sp. milkwort species Polygala sp. moss phlox Phlox hoodii mountain deathcamas Zigadenus elegans ssp. elegans mudwort Limosella aquatica narrow-leaf fireweed Chamerion angustifolium narrow-leaved bur-reed Sparganium angustifolium narrow-leaved collomia Collomia linearis narrow-leaved goosefoot Chenopodium pratericola narrow-leaved hawkweed Hieracium umbellatum narrow-leaved milk-vetch Astragalus pectinatus narrow-leaved puccoon Lithospermum incisum narrow-leaved water plantain Alisma gramineum nodding beggar-ticks Bidens cernua nodding trillium Trillium cernuum northern bedstraw Galium boreale northern blue-eyed-grass Sisyrinchium septentrionale
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 northern willowherb Epilobium ciliatum northern yarrow Achillea millefolium var. borealis Nuttall's saltbush Atriplex gardneri var. gardneri oblong-leaved gentian Gentiana affinis old-man's-whiskers Geum triflorum one-sided wintergreen Orthilia secunda oval-leaved milkweed Asclepias ovalifolia owl's-clover Orthocarpus luteus ox-eye Heliopsis helianthoides pacific wormwood Artemisia campestris palespike lobelia Lobelia spicata var. hirtella pasture sage Artemisia frigida Philadelphia fleabane Erigeron philadelphicus pincushion beardtongue Penstemon procerus pink wintergreen Pyrola asarifolia pink-flowered onion Allium stellatum poison ivy Toxicodendron rydbergii pondweed species Potamogeton sp. prairie cinquefoil Potentilla pensylvanica prairie crocus Anemone patens prairie onion Allium textile prairie sage Artemisia ludoviciana prairie sunflower Helianthus petiolaris ssp. petiolaris purple prairie-clover Dalea purpurea pussytoes species Antennaria sp. pygmy prickly-pear Opuntia fragilis var. fragilis pygmy-flower rock-jasmine Androsace septentrionalis ragweed species Ambrosia sp. red baneberry Actaea rubra red samphire Salicornia rubra reflexed rockcress Boechera retrofracta rhombic-leaved sunflower Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus Richardson's pondweed Potamogeton richardsonii ridge-seeded spurge Chamaesyce glyptosperma rockcress species Arabidopsis sp. rocky mountain goosefoot Chenopodium glaucum var. salinum rocky mountain pincushion-plant Navarretia saximontana rough cinquefoil Potentilla norvegica sage species Artemisia sp. sago pondweed Stuckenia pectinata saline plantain Plantago eriopoda saline shootingstar Dodecatheon pulchellum ssp. pulchellum saltmarsh sandspurry Spergularia salina sand violet Viola adunca scarlet gaura Gaura coccinea scarlet mallow Sphaeralcea coccinea sea-blite Suaeda calceoliformis sea-milkwort Lysimachia maritima seaside arrow-grass Triglochin maritima seaside buttercup Ranunculus cymbalaria seneca snakeroot Polygala senega showy aster Eurybia conspicua showy locoweed Oxytropis splendens shy wallflower Erysimum inconspicuum var. inconspicuum Siberian water-milfoil Myriophyllum sibiricum silky milkweed Asclepias syriaca silverweed Argentina anserina
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 silvery atriplex Atriplex argentea silvery groundsel Packera cana silvery scurf pea Pediomelum argophyllum skeleton-weed Lygodesmia juncea slender milkvetch Astragalus flexuosus slender plantain Plantago elongata slender pondweed Stuckenia filiformis slender yellow-cress Rorippa tenerrima small bedstraw Galium trifidum ssp. trifidum small enchanter's-nightshade Circaea alpina small lupine Lupinus pusillus small yellow watercrowfoot Ranunculus gmelinii small-flowered sand-verbena Tripterocalyx micranthus small-leaved everlasting Antennaria parvifolia small-leaved pussy-toes Antennaria microphylla smooth arid goosefoot Chenopodium subglabrum smooth hawk's-beard Crepis runcinata smooth scouring-rush Equisetum laevigatum smooth wild strawberry Fragaria virginiana smooth-leaved buttercup Ranunculus abortivus spear-leaved goosefoot Monolepis nuttalliana speedwell species Veronica sp. spiderflower Peritoma serrulata spotted coralroot Corallorhiza maculata spotted joepyeweed Eupatorium maculatum var. maculatum spotted touch-me-not Impatiens capensis spreading dogbane Apocynum androsaemifolium starflower false Solomon's-seal Maianthemum stellatum starvation cactus Opuntia polyacantha stiff goldenrod Solidago rigida stinging nettle Urtica dioica stonecrop species Sedum sp. straight-leaf moonwort Botrychium lineare streamside fleabane Erigeron glabellus swamp horsetail Equisetum fluviatile sweet-scented bedstraw Galium triflorum tall beggar's-ticks Bidens frondosa tall goldenrod Solidago altissima tall larkspur Delphinium glaucum tall sunflower Helianthus giganteus tall thimbleweed Anemone virginiana tall yellow lettuce Lactuca canadensis tansy species Tanacetum sp. thread-leaf water-crowfoot Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus tufted fleabane Erigeron caespitosus tufted loosestrife Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted white prairie aster Symphyotrichum ericoides twin arnica Arnica sororia two-grooved milk-vetch Astragalus bisulcatus var. bisulcatus two-leaved solomon's-seal Maianthemum canadense upland white goldenrod Solidago ptarmicoides veiny meadow-rue Thalictrum venulosum velvet goldenrod Solidago mollis var. mollis vernal water-starwort Callitriche palustris water hemlock Cicuta maculata water parsnip Sium suave water smartweed Persicaria amphibia var. emersa
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 water smartweed Persicaria amphibia var. stipulacea water-horehound Lycopus americanus wavy-leaved thistle Cirsium undulatum western dock Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus western dock Rumex occidentalis western false gromwell Onosmodium molle western pygmyflower Androsace occidentalis western smooth cliff-brake Pellaea glabella ssp. occidentalis western water-horehound Lycopus asper white evening-primrose Oenothera nuttallii white panicled American-aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum white prairie aster Symphyotrichum falcatum white water crowfoot Ranunculus longirostris wild bergamot Monarda fistulosa wild cucumber Echinocystis lobata wild licorice Glycyrrhiza lepidota wild mint Mentha arvensis wild peavine Lathyrus venosus wild sarsaparilla Aralia nudicaulis wild tomato Solanum triflorum willow dock Rumex salicifolius var. mexicanus willow-herb Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum winter cress Barbarea orthoceras winter-fat Krascheninnikovia lanata woolly cinquefoil Potentilla hippiana wormseed mustard Erysimum cheiranthoides yellow avens Geum aleppicum yellow evening primrose Oenothera biennis yellow lady's-slipper Cypripedium parviflorum yellow umbrellaplant Eriogonum flavum yellow whitlow-grass Draba nemorosa GRASSES, SEDGES, RUSHES alkali cord grass Spartina gracilia alkali grass Distichlis spicata American manna grass Glyceria grandis awned sedge Carex atherodes baltic rush Juncus balticus Bebb's sedge Carex bebbii big blue grass Poa secunda ssp. juncifolia big bluestem Andropogon gerardii big-head rush Juncus vaseyi blue grama Bouteloua gracilis bluegrass species Poa sp. blunt sedge Carex obtusata brownish sedge Carex brunnescens bulrush species Schoenoplectus sp. bulrush species Scirpus sp. Canadian wild rye Elymus canadensis creeping spike-rush Eleocharis palustris Dewey's sedge Carex deweyana dioecious sedge Carex sterilis douglas sedge Carex douglasii fowl blue grass Poa palustris fowl-manna grass Glyceria striata fox-tail barley Hordeum jubatum fringed brome Bromus ciliatus golden sedge Carex aurea
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 graceful sedge Carex praegracilis green needlegrass Nassella viridula hair grass Agrostis scabra var. scabra hair-like sedge Carex capillaris hairy wild rye Leymus innovatus hard-stemmed bulrush Schoenoplectus acutus Hooker's oat grass Avenula hookeri Idaho fescue Festuca idahoensis Indian rice grass Achnatherum hymenoides Indian wild rice Zizania aquatica inland blue grass Poa interior June grass Koeleria macrantha Kentucky blue grass Poa pratensis knotted rush Juncus nodosus var. nodosus lakeshore sedge Carex lacustris little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium long-leaved reed grass Calamovilfa longifolia long-style rush Juncus longistylis var. longistylis Macoun's wild-rye x Elyhordeum macounii marsh reed grass Calamagrostis canadensis mat muhly Muhlenbergia richardsonis needle spike-rush Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis needle-and-thread grass Hesperostipa comata northern meadow sedge Carex praticola northern reed grass Calamagrostis stricta northern sweet grass Anthoxanthum hirtum northern wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus northwest territory sedge Carex utriculata Nuttall's salt-meadow grass Puccinellia nuttalliana plains blue grass Poa arida plains reed grass Calamagrostis montanensis plains rough fescue Festuca hallii porcupine grass Hesperostipa curtiseta prairie cord grass Spartina pectinata prairie muhly Muhlenbergia cuspidata purple oat grass Schizachne purpurascens reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea river bulrush Bolboschoenus fluviatilis rocky mountain fescue Festuca saximontana var. saximontana sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus Sartwell's sedge Carex sartwellii var. sartwellii scratch grass Muhlenbergia asperifolia sedge species Carex sp. short-awn meadow-foxtail Alopecurus aequalis var. aequalis silvery-flowered sedge Carex foenea slender sedge Carex lasiocarpa var. americana slender sedge Carex tenera slender wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus slender wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus slender wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus slender wood grass Cinna latifolia slough grass Beckmannia syzigachne small-fruited bulrush Scirpus microcarpus soft-stem bulrush Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani spreading bent Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris Sprengel's sedge Carex sprengelii switch grass Panicum virgatum
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 thin-flowered sedge Carex tenuiflora thread-leaved sedge Carex filifolia three-fruited sedge Carex trisperma three-square rush Schoenoplectus pungens toad rush Juncus bufonius Torrey's rush Juncus torreyi Torrey's sedge Carex torreyi tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa water sedge Carex aquatilis western wheatgrass Pascopyrum smithii wheatgrass species Agropyron sp. white-grained mountain rice grass Oryzopsis asperifolia wild rye species Elymus sp. witch grass Panicum capillare woolly sedge Carex pellita MOSSES, LICHENS, LIVERWORTS aspen moss Pylaisiella polyantha atrichum moss Atrichum selwynii crystalwort Riccia fluitans golden ragged feather moss Brachythecium salebrosum green reindeer lichen Cladina mitis haircap species Polytricum sp. reindeer lichen species Cladina sp. Schreber's moss Pleurozium schreberi woodsy leafy moss Plagiomnium cuspidatum WEEDS, AGRONOMICS2,3,4 absinthe Artemisia absinthium alfalfa Medicago sativa alsike clover Trifolium hybridum annual hawksbeard Crepis tectorum (narrow-leaved hawksbeard) barnyard grass Echinochloa crus-galli beautiful sunflower Helianthus x laetiflorus bindweed species Convolvulus sp. bird's-foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus black medic Medicago lupulina bull thistle Cirsium vulgare burdock species Arctium sp. campion species Silene sp. Canada lettuce Lactuca canadensis Canada thistle Cirsium arvense chickpea milkvetch Astragalus cicer cleavers* Galium aparine* clover species Trifolium sp. common blue lettuce* Mulgedium pulchellum* common burdock Arctium minus common caragana Caragana arborescens common chickweed Stellaria media ssp. media common dandelion Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale common flax Linum usitatissimum common hemp-nettle Galeopsis tetrahit common lilac Syringa vulgaris common mallow Malva neglecta common plantain Plantago major creeping wild rye (quackgrass) Elymus repens crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum ssp. pectinatum curled dock Rumex crispus curly-cup gumweed (gumweed)* Grindelia squarrosa*
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 dog mustard Erucastrum gallicum downy brome Bromus tectorum var. tectorum erect knotweed Polygonum erectum Eurasian quackgrass Thinopyrum ponticum field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis flixweed Descurainia sophia fox-tail barley Hordeum jubatum great ragweed Ambrosia trifida var. trifida greater burdock Arctium lappa green foxtail Setaria viridis grooved yellow flax Linum sulcatum intermediate wheatgrass Thinopyrum intermedium Kentucky blue grass* Poa pratensis* lady's-thumb Persicaria maculosa lamb's-quarter's Chenopodium album leafy spurge Euphorbia esula var. esula low hop-clover Trifolium campestre meadow hawkweed Hieracium caespitosum miner's pepperwort Lepidium densiflorum mustard species Brassica sp. narrow-leaved field dock Rumex stenophyllus nodding thistle Carduus nutans northern wild rice Zizania palustris oat Avena sativa oat species Avena sp. orchard grass Dactylis glomerata oval-leaf knotweed Polygonum aviculare ssp. depressum perennial sow-thistle Sonchus arvensis perennial sow-thistle Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus (smooth perennial sow-thistle) pineapple-weed Matricaria discoidea poverty-weed Iva axillaris prairie bulrush Bolboschoenus maritimus ssp. paludosus prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola prostrate amaranth Amaranthus blitoides ragweed species Ambrosia sp. red clover Trifolium pratense red-root pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus running cheeseweed Malva rotundifolia Russian pigweed Axyris amaranthoides Russian-thistle Salsola kali sagewort Artemisia biennis var. biennis sheep fescue Festuca trachyphylla shepherd's-purse Capsella bursa-pastoris shepherd's-purse species Capsella sp. Siberian elm Ulmus pumila silky milkweed (common milkweed) Asclepias syriaca silver-leaf cinquefoil Potentilla argentea var. argentea smooth brome Bromus inermis sow-thistle species Sonchus sp. spiny cocklebur Xanthium spinosum spiny-leaved annual sowthistle Sonchus asper ssp. asper spreading bent Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris stinkweed Thlaspi arvense stork's-bill Erodium cicutarium summer-cypress (kochia) Kochia scoparia sweet-clover species Melilotus sp. tall buttercup Ranunculus acris
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Common Name1 Scientific Name1 tansy (common tansy) Tanacetum vulgare timothy Phleum pratense tufted vetch Vicia cracca ssp. cracca tumbling mustard Sisymbrium altissimum turnip Brassica napus wheatgrass species Agropyron sp. white campion (white cockle) Silene latifolia ssp. alba white clover Trifolium repens white sweet-clover Melilotus albus wild buckwheat Fallopia convolvulus wild chamomile Matricaria recutita wild mustard Sinapis arvensis wild oat Avena fatua wild radish Raphanus raphanistrum wormseed mustard Erysimum cheiranthoides yellow clover Trifolium aureum yellow goat's-beard Tragopogon dubius yellow sweet-clover Melilotus officinalis yellow toad-flax Linaria vulgaris Notes: 1 Species nomenclature is according to the list of all elements in Saskatchewan (SK CDC 2014a), with more current taxonomic information drawn from NatureServe (2014a) and ITIS (2014), where necessary. 2 Where the Alberta Weed Control Regulation, Saskatchewan Weed Control Act or the Manitoba Noxious Weeds Act name for a species differs from the above sources, this name(s) is provided in brackets alongside the SK CDC name. 3 Bold font denotes that the species is a Noxious weed species in Alberta, Saskatchewan and/or Manitoba. 4 The status of species as native or not is according to the list of all elements in Alberta (ATPR 2014b), the vascular plant species list in Saskatchewan (SK CDC 2014a) and the Manitoba plant list (MB CDC 2013). - Asterisks (*) denote species that are only considered weeds in Alberta, Saskatchewan or Manitoba but not all three provinces.
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