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Bones of the Thoracic Limb (Ossa Membri Thotacici)

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Bones of the Thoracic Limb (Ossa Membri Thotacici) BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB (OSSA MEMBRI THORACICI) Andrea Heinzlmann University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest Department of Anatomy and Histology 24th September 2019 BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB (OSSA MEMBRI THORACICI) FORELIMB (UPPER EXTREMITY): composed of: 1. THORACIC (SCHOULDER) GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 2. BRACHIUM (UPPER ARM, STYLOPODIUM) 3. ANTEBRACHIUM (FOREARM, ZEUGOPODIUM) 4. MANUS (HAND, AUTOPODIUM) https://veteriankey.com/canine-anatomy/ THORACIC (SHOULDER) GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) - unites the thoracic limb to the trunk consists of: 1. the coracoid 2. the clavicle 3. the scapula THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 1. CORACOID: - reduced to the CORACOID PROCESS (PROC. CORACOIDEUS) PROC. CORACOIDUES: - lies medially on the supraglenoid tubercle Eq. THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 2. CLAVICLE: - reduced - embedded in the brachiocephalic muscle - CLAVICULAR INTERSECTION https://petmassage.com/wp-content/uploads/Brachiocephalic- Muscles-in-Canines-by-Nichollette-Bond-2015-12-08.pdf http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/carnLabs/Lab01/Img1-11.html THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. SCAPULA: - irregularly triangular plate - its long axis directed cranioventrally http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/ungDissect/Lab09/Img9-1.html THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: a. MARGO DORSALIS: • proximal border • adjacent to the vertebral column Right scapula of dog,A. lateral, B. medial aspect, left scapula of a small ruminant C. lateral aspectand a pig D. lateral aspect THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: a. MARGO DORSALIS: • carries the scapular cartilage (CARTILAGO SCAPULAE) Eq. https://www.slideshare.net/joanelf/skeletal-structure-of-the-equine-forelimb THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: CARTILAGO SCAPULAE (scapular cartilage): - a shock absorber - well developed in ungulates - in carnivores a narrow rim Eq. https://www.slideshare.net/joanelf/skeletal-structure-of-the-equine-forelimb THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: b. ANGULUS CRANIALIS (cranial angle): c. MARGO CRANIALIS (cranial border) d. ANGULUS CAUDALIS (caudal angle) e. MARGO CAUDALIS (caudal border) Eq. Angulus cranialis Margo cranialis Right scapula of dog ,A. lateral, B. medial aspect, THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: f. ANGULUS VENTRALIS (ventral angle): - formed by the margo cranialis et caudalis Eq. Angulus ventralis THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: g. CAVITAS GLENOIDALIS (glenoid cavity): - situated at the angulus ventralis - articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint Right scapula of dog ,A. lateral, B. medial aspect, THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: INCISURA GLENOIDALIS: - in Eq. - craniomedial notch in the glenoid cavity https://www.horsetalk.co.nz/2019/08/03/boning-up-anatomy-plastic-horse-bones/ https://www.slideshare.net/joanelf/skeletal-structure-of-the-equine-forelimb THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: h. FACIES LATERLAIS i. SPINA SCAPULAE (scapular spine): - on the lateral surface - divides the lateral surface into two depressions: https://www.slideshare.net/joanelf/skeletal-structure-of-the-equine-forelimb 1. FOSSA SUPRASPINARA: – cranial 1. FOSSA INFRASPINATA: - caudal Right scapula of dog ,A. lateral aspect, left scapula of a small ruminant C. lateral aspect THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: j. TUBER SPINAE SCAPULAE: - in Su, Eq - on its middle third http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/ungDissect/Lab01/Img1-1.html left scapula of a pig D. lateral aspect THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: k. ACROMION: - near the shoulder joint the scapular spine forms the acromion - in Ca, Bo https://www.slideshare.net/VetAbdulrhmanSubhi/short-notes-in-dog-skeleton https://www.slideserve.com/tacey/ruminants-anatomy THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: k. ACROMION extended: 1. IN DOG by PROC. HAMATUS 2. IN CAT by PROC. SUPRAHAMATUS https://kohlibri.e-bookshelf.de/products/reading-epub/product- id/655243/title/Anatomy+and+Physiology+for+Veterinary+Technicians+and+Nurses.html Right scapula of dog ,A. lateral aspect, THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: l. FACIES COSTALIS: 1. excavated – to form the FOSSA SUBSCAPULARIS 2. presents proximally the FACIES SERRATA (roughened area) - insertion of the musculus serratus ventralis Right scapula of dog , B. medial aspect, https://hu.pinterest.com/pin/487092515943987565/ THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: m. COLLUM SCAPULAE: - distally - the cranial border is notched – INCISURA SCPAULAE Incisura scapulae Right scapula of dog ,A. lateral aspect, Right scapula of dog, B. medial aspect, left scapula of a pig D. lateral aspect THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: n. TUBERCULUM SUPRAGLENOIDALE - projects forward o. PROCESSUS CORACOIDEUS - lies medially on the supraglenoid tubercle Eq. https://www.slideshare.net/joanelf/skeletal-structure-of-the-equine-forelimb https://hu.pinterest.com/pin/487092515943987565/ THORACIC GIRDLE (CINGULUM MEMBRI THORACIS) 3. PARTS OF THE SCAPULA: p. TUBERCULUM INFRAGLENOIDALE - in Ca Tuberculum infraglenoidale Right scapula of dog , B. medial aspect, https://www.slideshare.net/VetAbdulrhmanSubhi/short-notes-in-dog-skeleton SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB 1. UPPER ARM (BRACHIUM) – formed by a single bone, the HUMERUS https://www.slideshare.net/AsadAbdulHannan/comp arative-anatomy-of-forelimb-of-camel-ox-and-horse https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/parts Ca. -of-the-canine-humerus/deck/1571886 http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/ungDissect/Lab01/Img1-2.html SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: - a long bone proximal consists of: 1. a PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS 2. a DISTAL EPIPHYSIS 3. a SHAFT (DIAPHYSIS, CORPUS HUMERI) distal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphysis SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: a. THE CAPUT HUMERI (HEAD OF THE HUMERUS) - dorsally b. COLLUM HUMERI (NECK OF THE HUMERUS) - separates the head from the body https://www.slideshare.net/AsadAbdulHannan/comp arative-anatomy-of-forelimb-of-camel-ox-and-horse Left humerus of the horse A. caudal aspect http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/ungDissect/Lab01/Img1-2.html SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: c. TUBERCULUM MAJUS (GREATER TUBERCLE) – cranioventrally Left humerus of a dog, A. lateral, B. medial aspect SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: c. TUBERCULUM MAJUS (GREATER TUBERCLE) 1. PARS CRANIALIS - in Eq, Bo. Su 2. PARS CAUDALIS: - in Eq, Bo. Su Tuberculum majus Tuberculum minus Pars cranialis Pars caudalis Tuberculum minus Pars cranialis Pars caudalis Sulcus inter- tubercularis caput Left humerus of a horse C. lateral aspects Bo. SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: CRISTA TUBERCULI MAJORIS: - runs from the cranial border of the gerater tubercle to the cranial surface of the shaft - on lateral aspect - muscle attachment https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-042711- 114137/unrestricted/INTERNAL_SPLINT_FOR_FRACTURE_FIXATION_IN_CANINES.pdf SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: d. TUBERCULUM MINUS (LESSER TUBERCLE) - craniomedially Left humerus of a dog, A. lateral, B. medial aspect SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: d. TUBERCULUM MINUS (MINOR TUBERCLE) - craniomedially 1. PARS CRANIALIS - in Eq, Bo. 2. PARS CAUDALIS: - in Eq, Bo. Tuberculum majus Tuberculum minus Pars cranialis Pars caudalis Tuberculum minus Pars cranialis Pars caudalis Sulcus inter- tubercularis caput http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/ungDissect/Lab01/Img1-2.html Bo. SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: e. SULCUS INTERTUBERCULARIS: - separates the tuberculum majus from the tuberculum minus - passage of the tendon of the musculus biceps brachii Bo. Tuberculum majus Tuberculum minus Pars cranialis Pars caudalis Tuberculum minus Pars cranialis Pars caudalis Sulcus inter- tubercularis caput https://www.slideshare.net/AsadAbdulHannan/comp arative-anatomy-of-forelimb-of-camel-ox-and-horse SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: TUBERCULUM INTERMEDIUM: - in Eq - - well developed sagittal ridge - divides the intertubercular sulcus Left humerus of a horse B. caudal aspect http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/ungDissect/Lab01/Img1-2.html SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 1. PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS presents: f. FACIES MUSCULI INFRASPINATI: - attachemnt for the musclus infraspinatus - laterally and distal to the greater tubercle Left humerus of a dog, A. lateral aspect Left humerus of a horse C. lateral aspects SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 2. CORPUS HUMERI presents: a. TUBEROSITAS DELTOIDEA - laterally - in the proximal third of the shaft - attachement for the musculus deltoideus Left humerus of a horse, A. caudal, B. cranial aspect Left humerus of a horse C. lateral aspects Left humerus of a dog, A. lateral aspect SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 2. CORPUS HUMERI presents: a. TUBEROSITAS DELTOIDEA - distally the tuberositas continous as the CRISTA HUMERI (humeral crest) Crista humeri Left humerus of a horse, B. cranial aspect Left humerus of a dog, A. lateral aspect http://www.boneid.net/product/horse-equus-caballus-left-humerus-lateral-view/ SKELETON OF UPPER LIMB HUMERUS: 2. CORPUS HUMERI presents: a. TUBEROSITAS DELTOIDEA - proximocaudally
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