Proposed Scheduled Waste Recovery Facility at Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor

PROPOSED SCHEDULED WASTE RECOVERY FACILITY AT LOT 4, PERSIARAN JALAN LUMU, PANDAMARAN INDUSTRIAL PARK, 42000 PORT KLANG, SELANGOR

FOR

BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD

PREPARED BY

TERTIB ALAM ENTERPRISE

MAY 2015

EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF

RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF

(A) PENGENALAN

Projek ini bertajuk "PROPOSED SCHEDULED WASTE RECOVERY FACILITY AT LOT 4, PERSIARAN JALAN LUMU, PANDAMARAN INDUSTRIAL PARK, 42000 PORT KLANG, SELANGOR”.

(B) PENGUSAHA PROJEK DAN JURU PERUNDING ALAM SEKITAR

Maklumat adalah seperti di bawah:-

Pemaju Projek

BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor Tel: 019-3849798 Fax: 03-31657988 Attn: Mr. Kho Liang Boi (Director)

Juruperunding EIA

TERTIB ALAM ENTERPRISE No 30, Cangkat Kenari 2, 11900 Sg Ara, Bayan Lepas, . Tel: 04-646 0082 Fax: 04-646 0082 Attn : Gilbert Teh (Director)

Tapak pemulihan akan berada di Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor. Rujukan topografik projek ialah latitud N3°0’10.4” dan longitud E101°24’24.4”.

(D) KEPERLUAN UNDANG-UNDANG

Projek ini melibatkan pembinaan kemudahan pengolahan luar tapak. Dengan itu, projek ini menjadi aktiviti yang ditetapkan mengikut Perintah Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Aktiviti yang Ditetapkan) (Penilaian Kesan kepada Alam Sekeliling), 1987 dalam Jadual 18(a)(ii). Berdasarkan Jadual di atas, Laporan Awal Penilaian Kesan Alam Sekeliling perlu dihantar kepada Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS) bagi mendapat kelulusan sebelum pelaksanaan Projek.

(E) KENYATAAN KEPERLUAN

Projek ini akan memenuhi keperluan seperti berikut:

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a) menyumbang kepada pengurangan bahan buangan dan pemulihan alam sekitar; b) mengoptima penggunaan sumber dan mengurangkan sisa; c) memberikan peluang pekerjaan; d) mewujudkan aktiviti ekonomi.

(F) KONSEP PROJEK

Projek ini bertujuan menjalankan proses pemulihan bahan buangan terjadual seperti ditunjukkan di jadual di bawah.

No. Kod Jenis Bahan Terjadual Kapasiti Bulanan (MT) 1 SW 305 Spent Lubricating Oil 900

(G) HURAIAN PROJEK

Tapak Projek adalah bersaiz lebih kurang 3208 m2 dan mempunyai satu kilang kosong. Kilang kosong ini akan diubahsuai untuk tujuan projek ini. Cadangan pelan susunatur projek adalah seperti ditunjukkan dalam Chapter 4 yang merangkumi kawasan yang dikhususkan untuk mesin pemulihan, tempat penyimpanan bahan mentah bahan buangan terjadual dan produk akhir, sistem kawalan udara, tempat penyimpanan residue, pejabat dan sebagainya.

Kriteria Penerimaan Bahan Buangan Terjadual

Sebelum bahan buangan terjadual boleh diterima untuk pemulihan semula di kilang, ia akan diperiksa dan disampel di punca janaan bagi memenuhi kriteria penerimaan bahan buangan yang ditetapkan oleh penggerak projek. Syarat penerimaan bahan buangan terjadual telah ditunjukkan dalam Chapter 4.

Proses Pemulihan Semula

Proses pemulihan minyak terpakai terdiri daripada proses pemanasan dan penyulingan. Carta alir proses dan keseimbangan jisim telah diterangkan dengan lanjut dalam ‘Chapter 4’.

Penyimpanan

Bahan-bahan buangan terjadual akan dipindah dari waste generators dengan menggunakan lori. Bahan buangan ini akan disimpan dalam tangki di kawasan penyimpanan. Apabila process pemulihan selesai, produk yang terpulih akan disimpan di kawasan penyimpanan produk akhir sebelum menjual kepada pelanggan. Sisa-sisa dari proses pemulihan akan disimpan di residue storage area sebelum hantar ke KA.

Produk Akhir

Rumusan produk akhir ditunjukkan dalam Jadual RE.1.

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Jadual RE.1: Pengeluaran Produk Akhir dan Sepesifikasi

Kod Penghasilan Jenis Produk Akhir Ciri-ciri Produk Bulana (MT) Spent Lubricating SW 305 - Recovered oil Bebas dari solid particle 855 Oil dan air 900 MT /bulan

(H) OPERASI KILANG

Kilang ini beroperasi 30 hari setiap bulan dan 12 bulan setahun. Projek ini akan mendapatkan sumber elektrik dari TNB dan sumber air bersih dari Syabas.

(I) PILIHAN PROJEK

Cadangan Projek adalah pilihan yang diutamakan kerana sebab-sebab tertentu: • Pelupusan minyak terpakai secara haram akan berkurangan. • Pengilang akan mendapat faedah, melalui pengurangan potensi liabiliti alam Sekitar dan mengurangkan kos untuk melupuskan sisa bahan terjadual. • Akan mewujudkan lebih banyak peluang pekerjaan dan perniagaan. • Akan mempromosi strategi untuk mengurangkan sisa melalui kitar semula.

(J) KEADAAN ALAM SEKITAR SEDIA ADA

Parameter Huraian Keadaan Fizikal Topografi Tapak projek terletak di kira-kira latitude N3°0’10.4” dan longitude E101°24’24.4”. Tapak keseluruhan secara umumnya adalah rata dengan kilang sediada berada di Pandamaran Industrial Park.

Geologi Terdiri daripada clay dan silt.

Tanah Terdiri daripada jenis Urban Land.

Hidrologi Pemparitan semulajadi kawasan projek telah berubah banyak akibat pembangunan. Sebarang pembuangan air dari tapak projek akan dialirkan ke sistem pemparitan monsun dan seterusnya ke Sg. Aur sebelum masuk ke Selat Kelang. Iklim Iklim tropikal dengan hujan lebat dan suhu serta kelembapan yang tinggi.

(Stesen Meterologikal di Subang Airport)

Purata Hujan Tahunan (2003-2007) 2834.9 mm

Suhu Maximum 32.4 – 33.2°C Suhu Minimum 24.0 – 24.4°C

Kualiti Alam Sekitar Kualiti air Air daripada longkang yang berada di upstream dan downstream tapak projek (W1 & W2) telah dianalisis. Parameter seperti BOD dan COD di W2 telah melebihi tahap yang ditetapkan dalam NWQS Class III.

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Parameter Huraian

Kualiti Udara Kualiti udara (PM10, NO2, SO2 and VOC) diukur di A1 – A3 adalah baik dan berada di dalam had ‘Malaysia Recommended Air Quality Guideline’.

Paras bunyi Tahap bunyi di N1 berada di dalam had 70 dB(A) semasa siang hari dan 60 dB(A) semasa malam untuk kawasan perindustrian. Tahap bunyi di N2 & N3 adalah berada di dalam had 60 dB(A) semasa siang hari dan 50 dB(A) semasa malam untuk kawasan perumahan.

Sumber Biologi

Ekosistem Projek berada di Pandamaran Industrial Park, kawasan rata yang mempunyai satu kilang sediada. Tiada habitat biologi penting ditemui di kawasan ini. Gunatanah Semasa

Gunatanah Gunatanah sediada tapak Projek ialah tanah rata dengan satu kilang sediada yang 3-km terletak di Pandamaran Industrial Park. Gunatanah di sekeliling tapak projek (0 – 0.5 km) terdiri daripada kawasan perindustrian dan perumahan. Perumahan yang paling dekat adalah Kawasan 12 iaitu lebih kurang 180 m (arah timur) dari tapak projek. Kawasan perumahan lain yang berhampiran adalah Kawasan 13 iaitu lebih kurang 450 m (arah barat) dari tapak projek.

(K) POTENSI IMPAK TERHADAP ALAM SEKITAR DAN LANGKAH-LANGKAH TEBATAN

Impak Punca-punca Takat impak Langkah-langkah tebatan impak 1. Pencemaran Penumpahan Mungkin signifikan Safe Storage and Handling of Spent Oil air semasa secara tidak • pengendalian sengaja Drum yang tahan lasak dan ada ‘liner’ sisa buangan digunakan dan dilabel dengan jelas. • Pemeriksaan terhadap kebocoran minyak dilakukan sebelum mesin digunakan dan penyelenggaraan dilakukan dari masa ke semasa. • ‘Absorbent pads’, penyapu dan lain-lain bahan disimpan dalam kilang untuk menyerap dan membersih minyak atau pelarut yang terbocor keluar. • Semua bahan yang merbahaya mesti disimpan mengikut peraturan DOE. • Kawasan penyimpanan mesti dibina dengan sesuai supaya ia dapat menampung tumpahan. Tembok konkrit dengan kapasiti 110% dari jumlah bahan tersimpan hendaklah dibina. • Memastikan semua bahan mentah mematuhi “waste acceptance criteria”. • Mengamalkan inventori "just-in-time" untuk mengoptimakan jumlah bahan pelarut yang mudah terbakar. 2. Pencemaran Penumpahan Isipadu yang Pengangkutan Minyak Terpakai air semasa dan pengaliran diangkut pada • pengangkutan secara tidak masa tertentu Menyediakan pelan logistik untuk sisa buangan sengaja minyak adalah terhad pengangkutan bahan buangan. terpakai semasa • Kenderaan dilengkapi dengan kemudahan

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Impak Punca-punca Takat impak Langkah-langkah tebatan impak pengangkutan untuk mengelap tumpahan dan alat pemadam api. • Kenderaan yang diguna untuk mengangkut sisa industri harus diperiksa dahulu. Penumpahan sisa minyak secara tidak sengaja • Menggunakan alat keselamatan bagi melindungi pekerja-pekerja semasa mengendali bahan-bahan yang tertumpah. • Kontraktor atau Pengusaha Projek harus mengumpul, membersih dan mengurangkan penumpahan bahan-bahan buangan secepat mungkin. • Memaklumkan kepada DOE mengenai kejadian yang berlaku secepat mungkin. • Semua kerja-kerja pembaikpulihan harus dilakukan mengikut pelan kerja yang telah dipersetujui oleh pihak berkuasa. • Semasa pengangkutan, kontraktor harus mengelak dari melalui kawasan perumahan yang padat, kawasan tadahan air dan kawasan sensitif alam sekitar. 3. Api/ letupan di Nyalaan tidak Mungkin signifikan • Mempunyai latihan yang baik terhadap ERP kilang sengaja kepada dan berkesan apabila diberi notis. bahan kimia yang mudah terbakar • Sistem api berpusat yang mempunyai siren dan minyak untuk menyedarkan pekerja semasa kecemasan harus dipasang. • Sistem tersebut harus sentiasa diperiksa dan dijaga keberkesanannya. • Dilarang merokok, dan penggunaan sumber api adalah dilarang di dalam kilang. • Pemadam api harus memakai pakaian dan alat-alat yang boleh melindungi daripada api dan juga alat pernafasan. • Mengalihkan bekas-bekas daripada kawasan api dan menggunakan air untuk menyejukkan bekas-bekas yang mudah terbakar. • Menghubung balai bomba bila diperlukan • Semua pintu yang tertutup haruslah dilengkapi dengan pintu rintangan api selama 1 jam. • Alat pemadam api hendaklah diletakkan di tempat yang strategik. • Memasang alat elektrik yang kalis letupan untuk mengurangkan kerosakan akibat kebakaran. 4. Sisa/ enap Sisa berlilin dgn Mungkin signifikan • Semua enap cemar akan disimpan di dalam cemar jumlah karbon bekas yang bersesuaian dan akan dilabel organik mengikut Jadual Ketiga, Peraturan Kualiti Alam Sekeliling (Buangan Terjadual) 1989. • Mengekalkan inventori semasa dan menghantar ke DOE.

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Impak Punca-punca Takat impak Langkah-langkah tebatan impak

• Tempat penyimpanan mesti berbumbung untuk mengelakkan air hujan masuk dan mesti mempunyai pengudaraan yang baik. • Sisa akan dihantar ke KA untuk dilupuskan. 5. Sisa pepejal Sisa domestik Tidak signifikan • Sisa domestik akan dikumpul oleh Majlis Perbandaran Klang dan dihantar ke tempat pelupusan. 6. Pencemaran Semasa fasa Tidak signifikan • Memastikan semua alat pembinaan bunyi pembinaan dan mempunyai sistem pencegah bunyi. pergerakan kenderaan semasa operasi 7. Pencemaran Kegagalan Signifikan • Memasang sistem kawalan udara yang baik udara sistem kawalan untuk menangkap gas yang terlepas dari

udara bagi boiler cerobong.

Bau akibat • Memasang sistem penapisan udara untuk kegagalan sistem mengurangkan bau terhasil daripada proses penapisan udara pemulihan.

Pergerakan kenderaan Tidak signifikan 8. Kesihatan dan Semasa operasi Tidak signifikan • Mengikut prosedur keselamatan industri yang keselamatan telah dikemukakan di dalam Peraturan OSHA 1994. • “Safety Data Sheets” harus disimpan dalam kilang untuk pemeriksaan • Langkah-langkah kecemasan, pelan bertindak harus sentiasa ada • Merokok adalah dilarang dalam kilang • Pekerja harus memakai sarung tangan yang tahan bahan kimia, cermin mata dan pakaian yang dapat memberi pelindungan bila diperlukan. • Melatih pekerja-pekerja tertentu untuk memberi bantuan kecemasandan mudah mendapat “first aid kit’ • Latihan Keselamatan harus diberikan kepada semua pekerja.

(L) PELAN PENGURUSAN ALAM SEKITAR

Pelan Pengurusan Alam Sekitar akan dirangka dan merangkumi sistem pengurusan alam sekitar (EMS). Pelan tersebut akan diguna dalam pengurusan projek ini supaya pemeliharaan alam sekitar dapat dilaksanakan. Pengawasan kualiti air, udara dan bunyi akan dijalankan dari semasa ke semasa.

(M) PELAN KECEMASAN

Pelan ini merangkumi langkah-langkah keselamatan terhadap kemalangan yang berlaku semasa fasa pembinaan dan operasi. Objektif ERP adalah membolehkan pihak

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pengurusan bertindak dengan cepat dan berkesan supaya dapat mengurangkan impak terhadap alam sekitar, keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerja-pekerja dan orang awam. Senarai tugas pihak yang bertanggungjawab juga termasuk dalam ERP.

(N) KESIMPULAN

Projek yang dicadangkan ini dapat mengurangkan pencemaran akibat buangan terjadual secara haram. Dalam proses pemulihan sisa, ia akan dapat mengurangkan jumlah sisa di tapak pelupusan dan di insinerator. Projek ini mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan, mengandungi impak alam sekitar, kesihatan dan keselamatan yang rendah. Oleh itu, projek ini dicadangkan untuk dilaksanakan.

GE RE-7 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

(A) INTRODUCTION

The proposed Project is titled the "PROPOSED SCHEDULED WASTE RECOVERY FACILITY AT LOT 4, PERSIARAN JALAN LUMU, PANDAMARAN INDUSTRIAL PARK, 42000 PORT KLANG, SELANGOR”. Hereafter, it will be known as ‘the Project’.

(B) PROJECT INITIATOR AND CONSULTANT

The details are shown in below:-

PROJECT INITIATOR

BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor Tel: 019-3849798 Fax: 03-31657988 Attn: Mr. Kho Liang Boi (Director)

EIA CONSULTANT

TERTIB ALAM ENTERPRISE No 30, Cangkat Kenari 2, 11900 Sg Ara, Bayan Lepas, Penang. Tel: 04-646 0082 Fax: 04-646 0082 Attn : Gilbert Teh (Director)

(D) STATUTORY REQUIREMENT

The proposed Project involves construction of off-site recovery facility. Therefore it is considered a prescribed activity according to the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order, 1987 under Activity 18(a)(ii). Based on this Schedule, a Preliminary EIA is mandatory and approval by the Department of Environment (DOE) is a prerequisite before implementation of the Project. This Preliminary EIA is carried out in compliance with the above requirement.

GE ES-1 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

(E) STATEMENT OF NEED

The Project will satisfy the following needs: a) it will contribute significantly to waste reduction and environmental conservation; b) it will help optimize the use of material resources and prevent wastage; c) it will create job opportunities; and d) it will generate economic activities.

(F) PROJECT CONCEPT

The Recovery Facility is proposed to provide recovery services for scheduled waste as shown in table below.

No. Code Type of Waste Maximum Quantity/month (MT) 1 SW 305 Spent Lubricating Oil 900

(G) PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The project site is located on approximately 3208 m2 of land with vacant factory. The factory will be renovated to accomplish for the proposed Project. The proposed layout is shown in Chapter 4 which will include the areas allocated for recovery machines, storage of scheduled waste raw materials, finished products, chimney, residue wastes storage area, office and etc.

Waste Acceptance Criteria

Before the scheduled wastes are accepted for recovery at the plant, they will first be inspected and sampled at source of origin to satisfy the waste acceptance criteria set up by the project initiator. A list of the waste acceptance is shown in Chapter 4.

The Recovery Processes

The recovery process for the spent lubricating oil is via heating and distillation processes. The process flow and mass balance for the recovery are described in detail in Chapter 4.

Storage

The incoming scheduled wastes will be transported from waste generators using truck. They will be stored into respective storage tanks at the storage area. Upon completion of recovery process, the recovered product will be stored at the finished product storage area before sold to customer. Residue produced from the recovery processes will be kept at the residue storage area pending disposal to KA.

Recovered Products

The summary of all Recovered Products is presented in Table ES.1.

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Table ES.1: Summary Of The Products and Their Specifications

Waste Monthly Yield Type of Waste Recovered Product Product Characteristics Code per day (MT) Spent Lubricating Oil SW 305 - Recovered oil Free of solid particle and 855 water. Fulfill the 900 MT/month specification as shown in Table 4.6

(H) OPERATION OF THE PLANT

The plant operates 30 days each month and 12 months in the year. The project will draw its power supply from the current electricity provider, TNB and potable water at the office is tap water supplied by Sybas.

(I) PROJECT OPTIONS

The proposed Project is a preferred option to the status quo for the following reasons: • The illegal dumping of spent oil will be reduced. • Manufacturers will benefit, as it will help them to reduce potential environmental liability. • The Project will create more jobs and business opportunities for the region. • Can promote the strategy of wastes reduction by recycling.

(J) EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

Parameters Description Physical Environment Topography The Project site is located at latitude N3°0’10.4” and longitude E101°24’24.4”. It is sited on existing factory building within the developed Pandamaran Industrial Park. Geology Consists of clay and silt categorized under unconsolidated deposit Soils Belong to the Urban Land Hydrology Currently there is no river flowing through the Project site. The surface runoff water from the Project site will discharge to the monsoon drainage system at the boundary of Project site and then to the nearby Sg Aur and eventually lead to Selat Kelang. Climate Humid tropical with heavy seasonal monsoonal rains. (Meteorological station at Subang Airport) Average Annual Rainfall (2003-2007) Between 2,270 mm and 3,455 mm Annual 24-hour mean temperatures 27.2 to 27.9°C

Environmental Quality Water Quality Water were sampled from drain at the upstream (W1) and downstream (W2) of Project site. The parameters tested such as BOD and COD at W2 had exceeded the NWQS Class llI limits.

Air Quality The air quality were good and the parameter PM10, NO2, SO2 and VOC measured at A1 – A3 were well within the Malaysia Recommended Air Quality Guideline.

Noise Level The noise level recorded at N1 was within the recommended limit of 70 dB(A) at the plant boundary for daytime and 60 dB(A) for night time. The noise level at N2 and N3 had also complied to the recommended limit of 60 dB(A) for daytime and 50 dB(A) for night time at residential area.

Biological Resource

GE ES-3 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Parameters Description Ecosystems The proposed Project site is located within Pandamaran Industrial Park, on a piece of flat land with factory building. Neither vegetation nor significant biological habitat was found at the site. Existing Landuse

3-km Land Use The existing landuse of the Project site is a flat land with an existing factory building located in Pandamaran Industrial Park. The nearby landuse (within 0.5km) comprises of only Industrial and residential area. The nearest residential area is Kawasan 12 which is about 180 m east of the Project site. Meanwhile, Kawasan 13 is about 450 m west of Project site

(K) POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES

Sources of Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures Impacts Impact 1. Water pollution Spillage and Can be Safe Storage and Handling of Spent Oil due to handling accidental significant • discharge Use durable drums /tanks with liners for containment. Drums/tanks to be clearly labeled. • Inspect all equipment for hydraulic and oil leaks prior to use on site and have regular inspection schedules. • Have absorbent pads, booms, and other materials available to moped up oil, hydraulic fluid, and other hazardous material spills. • Store all hazardous materials in compliance with DOE regulations. • Storage areas to be designed with impermeable floors to contain and recover spillage. Concrete bunds to be constructed with 110% capacity of the largest storage tank. • Check incoming feedstock to ensure acceptance based on waste acceptance criteria. • Adopt the "just-in-time" inventory approach to optimize the inventory level of flammable chemicals. 2. Water pollution Spillage or The volume Transport of Spent Oil due to accidental transported at • transportation discharge of any one time Prepare a logistic and routing plan. spent oil during is limited, • All vehicles to be equipped with mopping up transportation. impact is also equipment and fire extinguishers limited. • Provide information in accordance with the Seventh Schedule. • Inform the transport contractor of the purpose and use of the Seventh Schedule. • Contractor should be made to understand the Seventh Schedule and comply with the instructions contained therein. • Check condition of the truck before use.

GE ES-4 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Sources of Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures Impacts Impact Accidental Spillage or Discharge of Spent Oil • Use appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE) to provide protection for workers in handling any accidental spillage of hazardous wastes. • The contractor/Project Initiator to contain, clean and abate any accidental spillage or discharge of the waste as soon as possible. • To inform DOE and other relevant agencies of the occurrence as soon as possible. • Remedial activities to be in accordance with approved work plan by the regulatory agency. • Transport route to avoid densely populated areas, water catchment areas and other environmentally sensitive areas. 3. Fire/explosion Accidental Can be • Have a well-rehearsed ERP that can be put into hazard in the ignition of significant effect at short notice. plant flammable chemicals • A central automatic fire-fighting system with sirens to be installed. • The system to be regularly inspected and maintained. • No smoking and prohibition of matches, lighters and other ignition devices in the Plant. • Firefighters, when required, to wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus. • To move containers within the fire zone to a safe area, and to cool exposed containers by spraying with water. • To call the fire stations when needed. • All enclosed rooms should be fitted with fire rated doors of at least one hour. • Fire extinguishers should be placed at various strategic locations for easy access. • Install explosion-proof electrical devices to minimize damage by fire. 4. Residual Waxy sludge Can be • All sludge shall be stored in suitable container and waste/sludge with total significant labeled accordingly as required by the Third organic carbon Schedule of the Environmental Quality (Schedule Wastes) Regulations 2005. • Maintain an up-to-date inventory of the quantity of sludge and submit regularly to the DOE. • The storage area must be roofed to prevent entry of rainwater and must be ventilated adequately. • The waste will be sent to Kualiti Alam for disposal. 5. Solid waste Domestic waste Not • Domestic waste will be collected by Majlis significant Perbandaran Klang and disposed at their designated dumpsite 6. Noise pollution During Not • Ensure that all construction equipment has Renovation

GE ES-5 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Sources of Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures Impacts Impact phase and also significant functional exhaust/muffler systems. caused by transport vehicles during the operation. 7. Air pollution Failure of air Significant • Installation of proper dust collection system to pollution control reduce dust emission. system for fuel • Install and maintain gas filtration system regularly burning equipment to mitigate odour problem during recovery process. (boiler) Odour problem during failure of gas filtration system Not significant Movement of transport vehicles 8. Health and During Not • To adopt Industrial safety procedures given in the Safety hazards operation. significant OSHA Regulation 1994. • Safety Data Sheets to be kept on site for inspection. • Emergency procedures, action plans and regular drills to be available. • No smoking allowed within the plant. • Workers, when necessary, to wear chemical resistant gloves, safety goggles and other protective clothing. • Train certain workers to provide first aid and have available easily accessible first aid kits. • Intensive training on safety procedures should be provided for all personnel

(L) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

An environmental management plan, with an environmental management system will be drawn up. This plan will be included and used in the development and management of this Project to reflect the commitment of management in environmental conservation.

As part of the EMP, monitoring of water quality, noise and air pollution will be regularly and continuously carried out and periodic audits made.

(M) EMERGENCE RESPONSE PLAN

The ERP will establish procedures to deal with events and accidents that happen during the construction and operation phases of the Project. The objectives of the ERP are to enable management to respond quickly, timely and effectively to accidents so as to minimize their impacts on the environment, workers and public health and safety. Included in the ERP will be lists of essential and relevant people to contact for their services.

GE ES-6 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

(N) CONCLUSION

The proposed Project will help to reduce unnecessary pollution due to illegal disposal of scheduled waste. In the process of waste recovery, it will also help reduce the final waste load for disposal at landfills and incinerators. The commercial viability of the Project, the job opportunities created, and the low environmental, health and safety impacts associated with it, will without doubt justify the Project to be recommended for adoption.

GE ES-7 EIA FOR BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 THE PROJECT

The Project is referred to as the “PROPOSED SCHEDULED WASTE RECOVERY FACILITY AT LOT 4, PERSIARAN JALAN LUMU, PANDAMARAN INDUSTRIAL PARK, 42000 PORT KLANG, SELANGOR”. Hereafter it will be known as the “Project”. The Project will involve recovery of spent oil to produce base oil or recovered oil.

1.2 PROJECT CAPACITY

The recovery facility will have the following monthly capacities:

ii) Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305) – 900 MT

1.3 LOCATION OF PROJECT

The Recovery Facility will be sited on existing factory building at Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor. Its location is at latitude N3°0’10.4” and longitude E101°24’24.4”. It is about 2.26 km northeast of Pulau Indah and 1.26 km southeast of Kampung Keretapi (Figure 1.1).

1.4 STATUTORY REQUIREMENT

As stipulated in the Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Section 34A) and the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 1987, activities identified as Prescribed Activities are required to conduct and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).

The Project falls under Section 18(a) of the EIA Order, where construction of off- site recovery facility is a prescribed activity. To fulfill these statutory requirements, an EIA study is necessary for submission to DOE for approval prior to its development.

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1.5 SCOPE OF THE EIA

The scope of the EIA will include the following activities:

i) Collection of information and data to benchmark the existing environment; ii) Appreciation of the Project activities, identification and assessment of potential significant impacts on the environment due to the Project activities; iii) Proposal for mitigation measures to ameliorate the adverse impacts; iv) Identification of residue impacts and their containment.

The EIA study will be guided by the guidelines developed and published by DOE and other local authorities. These include:

(a) A Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines (3rd Edition), DOE, 2000; (b) EIA Guidelines for Toxic and Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal Projects, DOE, 2000; (c) EIA Guidelines for Industrial Project, DOE, 1995; (d) Guidelines For The Siting and Zoning of Industries, DOE, 1994; (e) National Physical Plan (Federal Department of Town and Country Planning, 2005); (f) Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127); (g) Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139); (h) Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514); and (i) Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974 (Act 133).

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Project Location

Source: MapSource, 2010.

Figure 1.1: Project Key Plan

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CHAPTER 2: PROJECT INITIATOR AND CONSULTANTS

2.1 PROJECT INITIATOR

The Project Initiator Is Brilliance Multipurpose Sdn Bhd. Its declaration Letter is attached at the beginning of this Report. Its contact and communication information is given below.

BRILLIANCE MULTIPURPOSE SDN BHD Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor Tel: 019-3849798 Fax: 03-31657988 Attn: Mr. Kho Liang Boi (Director)

2.2 EIA CONSULTANT

Tertib Alam Enterprise has been appointed as the EIA Consultant. Due to the diverse fields involved, a team of specialists with the required expertise has been engaged for the Study. The Declaration Letters from registered EIA Consultants, List of Study Team Members are presented at the beginning of this Report.

The address and contact information is:

TERTIB ALAM ENTERPRISE No 30, Cangkat Kenari 2, 11900 Sg Ara, Bayan Lepas, Penang. Tel: 04-646 0082 Fax: 04-646 0082 Attn : Gilbert Teh (Director)

All enquiry and correspondences pertaining to this report can be made directly to the above.

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2.3 ACCREDITED LABORATORY

SPECTRUM LABORATORIES (PENANG) SDN BHD, an accredited laboratory, is used to analyze the water, air & noise quality in the Project area.

SPECTRUM LABORATORIES (PENANG) SDN BHD 1904, Tingkat 1, Jalan Bukit Minyak, Taman Sri Mangga, 14000, Bukit Mertajam, Seberang Perai Tengah, Pulau Pinang Tel: 04-5075168 Fax: 04-5074243 Contact Person: Ms. C. Y. Ng (Senior Chemist)

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CHAPTER 3: STATEMENT OF NEED

3.1 INDUSTRIALIZATION

Since the inception of the industrialization policy, the industry/manufacture sector has consistently been the main driving force and contributor to the nation’s GDP apart from the total services sector. This sector now forms the backbone of the Malaysian Economy, maturing and growing at a healthy pace through modernization, adoption of technology, ICT, R & D, and compliance with International Standards for worldwide acceptance and competitiveness. The latest available information of the nation’s GDP is presented in Table 3.1. The growth rate achieved by this sector is 5.3% for 2007 and 8.6% for 2008 from their respective preceding year.

Table 3.1: GDP at Current Prices (RM Million), (2006 – 2008)

Sector 2006 2007 2008 Agriculture 50,512 65,032 75,657 Mining 83,869 92,402 127,210 Manufacturing 169,761 178,705 (5.3%) 194,103 (8.6%) Construction 15,941 17,645 19,581 Services 266,062 298,876 334,638 Source: Department of Statistics, 2009.

3.2 WASTE GENERATION

All industrial and manufacturing processes will invariably generate waste products. At the moment, wastes of concern to DOE have been classified as scheduled wastes. Table 3.2 presents the scheduled wastes generated by industries in year 2010; this being the latest information available from the Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2010 published by DOE. From this Table, oil & hydrocarbon form the seventh bulk of the scheduled wastes generated in 2010. With increasing growth and expansion of the industry/manufacture sector, this scheduled wastes generated will invariably increase in tandem.

3.3 SCHEDULED WASTES – PROBLEMS

Scheduled wastes are recognized as potential source of pollution (soil, water and air) and pose hazards to humans and other life-forms. Some of the effects of pollution and hazards may take time to manifest (accumulating in the system until threshold limits are breached). Thus, it is necessary and essential for industries to minimize scheduled waste generation at source and to contain their disposal

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effectively for minimal adverse effects on the environment and on the health of all life-forms.

Table 3.2: Quantity of Scheduled Waste Generated by Industries, 2010

No Waste Category Waste Code Quantity of Waste MT/Year % 1 Gypsum SW (205) 630,623.79 33.53 2 E-Waste SW (110) 163,339.80 8.68 3 Heavy Metal Sludge SW (204,105,108) 157,381.38 8.37 4 Dross /Slag/Clinker/Ash SW (104,107,406) 154,223.11 8.20 5 Mineral Sludge SW (427) 123,898.54 6.59 6 Asbestos SW (201) 107,587.66 5.72 7 Oil & Hydrocarbon SW (305, 306, 307, 106,939.39 5.69 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 314, 315, 415) 8 Acid & Alkali SW (206, 401) 97,360.65 5.18 9 Mixed Wastes SW (422, 421) 76,635.68 4.07 10 Clinical/Pharmaceutical SW (404, 403, 405) 42,029.33 2.23 11 Ink & Paint Sludge SW (416, 417, 418) 40,447.96 2.15 12 Used Containers SW (409) 35,150.90 1.87 13 Rubber Sludge SW (321) 29,553.51 1.57 14 Spent Solvent SW (322,323) 26,239.48 1.40 15 Residue SW (501) 18,604.62 0.99 16 Batteries SW (319,320) 18,018.87 0.96 17 Paper & Plastic SW (102,103) 15,830.79 0.84 18 Phenol / Spent Adhesive / SW (410) 12,620.58 0.67 Spent Resin 19 Catalyst SW (202) 6,731.39 0.36 20 Expired Drug SW (403) 5,376.76 0.29 21 Others NA 4,977.57 0.26 22 Contaminated Land/Soil SW (408) 3,310.41 0.18 23 Peroxide Agent SW (424) 1,168.22 0.06 24 Contaminated Active SW (411) 997.13 0.05 Carbon 25 Photographic Waste SW (423) 804.75 0.04 26 Chemical Waste SW (430, 429) 745.85 0.04 27 Mercury SW (109) 246.51 0.01 28 Arsenic SW (101) 60.72 0.00

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29 Sludge Contain Cyanide SW (412) 23.19 0.00 Total 1,880,928.53 100.00 Source: MEQ Report 2010

3.4 REDUCTION, RECOVERY AND REUSE

The Department of Environment (DOE) has propounded the concept of waste reduction, reuse and recovery (the 3R policy) as means toward achieving waste minimization and its effective disposal. A comprehensive legal framework, under the Environmental Quality Act 1974 Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005, has been set up to formally define and code hazardous waste as Scheduled Wastes, and to regulate all activities pertaining to scheduled wastes from generation, handling, transportation, treatment to final disposal. Owing to the responsibilities and burden imposed on scheduled waste generators, a huge and increasing demand for environmental services such as removal, treatment and final disposal of scheduled wastes have been created.

Scheduled waste generators, e.g. manufacturers, are focused on making their businesses profitable. They will generally regard wastes as an expenditure item to be minimized and are reluctant to spend capital for on-site processing of their scheduled wastes. Thus, for the 3R Policy to work effectively, off-site recycling and recovery facilities should be encouraged and established, also allowing for competition, so that waste generators will have alternatives for minimizing the costs of scheduled wastes disposal.

The proposed Project, to set up a Recovery Plant to facilitate recovery of spent oil is therefore timely, appropriate and should be welcomed by waste generators in and around the region as a service to alleviate their environmental liabilities and lessen their operating costs.

3.5 CONCLUSION

The need for this Project is justified on environmental and health point of view besides offering scope for economic, business and job opportunities.

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CHAPTER 4: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

4.1 PROJECT LOCATION

The recovery facility will be sited on an existing factory building at Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor. Its location is at latitude N3°0’10.4” and longitude E101°24’24.4”. It is about 2.26 km northeast of Pulau Indah and 1.26 km southeast of Kampung Keretapi.

It can be accessed from the Lebuhraya Persekutuan from Shah Alam to join to Persiaran Sultan Ibrahim and then Persiaran Raja Muda Musa. Turning left at the junction to Jalan Pandamaran and then Jalan Raja Lumu will eventually lead to the Project site.

Figure 4.1 shows the location map of the Project.

4.2 PROJECT AREA

The land area of the site is about 3208 m2. The existing covered factory building is rectangular shaped of 48.78 m long and 22.85 m wide with covered area of about 1,114.6 m2. It will be renovated to accommodate this Project. In addition, the back portion of project site will be roofed to house the incoming raw material and finished products. The overall layout of the proposed plant is shown in Figure 4.2.

The proposed layout includes areas allocated for recovery processes, storage of scheduled waste raw materials, finished products, residue wastes/sludge for disposal at KA, office and etc.

The design of storage areas will be fitted with safety features that includes concrete floor, bunds around waste oil storage areas, collection sumps and fire prevention equipment, including fire extinguishers.

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Project Location

Source: Google Map, 2014.

Figure 4.1: Project Location Plan

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Recovery Facility

• Loading & Unloading Area • Incoming Spent Oil Storage Area • Spent Oil Recovery Area • Recovered Oil Storage Area • Sludge / Residue Storage Area • Laboratory • Office & Toilet

The storage capacity for the recovery facility is shown in Table 4.1 as in below.

Table 4.1: Storage Capacity for the Recovery Facility

Waste Capacity Per Storage Capacity Recovery From Storage Area Code Day (MT) (MT)

Spent Lubricating SW 305 30 Incoming Raw Material Oil 31 m x 15 m 300

Outgoing Finished Product 13.35 m x 5 m 108 Residue / Sludge SW501 0.3 2.3 m x 4.9 m 10 Storage Area

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 

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Figure 4.2: Project Layout Plan

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4.3 PROJECT CONCEPT

The increasing scheduled wastes generated by industries create a demand and an opportunity for environmental services in waste disposal, recovery and recycling. This Project is therefore initiated as an off-site Recovery Facility to provide recovery services for the spent lubricating oil (SW 305) using advance technology.

The Facility will adopt various systems, procedures and practices to minimize and mitigate adverse environmental, health and safety impacts during the collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of final residues from scheduled wastes. In addition, all risks due to hazards arising from handling and processing of the wastes will be minimized.

This Project is a practical and an effective integrated environmental management service to resolve the growing burden on waste generators to comply with legislations, rules and regulations imposed by DOE to safeguard environmental degradation. The Project will contribute to waste reduction before final disposal via incineration or sanitary landfill. The recovery of reusable materials will help in material resource optimization through reuse with cost reduction, thereby contributing to economic competitiveness, economic activities and employment opportunities.

4.4 RECOVERY FACILITY

The proposed Recovery Facility will provide recovery services for the following scheduled wastes:

i. Recovery from spent oil (SW 305) by heating and distillation process

The capacity for recovery process and the recovered products are presented in Table 4.2.

Table 4.2: Recovery Facility and Capacity

Capacity Per Capacity Per Waste Recovery From Day in Metric Month In Metric Products Code Ton Ton Spent SW 305 30 900 Recovered Lubricating Oil Oil or base oil

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4.5 SCHEDULED WASTE

4.5.1 Source

The scheduled wastes will be obtained from waste generators in Klang Valley and neighbouring state as shown in Appendix 5. The source industries for the feed- stocks are:

(i) Spent oil from automotive, engineering industries and car workshops.

Table 4.3 gives the list of scheduled wastes for recovery and their characteristics.

Table 4.3: Scheduled Wastes and their Characteristic

Type of Code Capacity Waste Characteristic Waste Spent SW 305 30 MT/day Liquid, brown to black colour. Typically comes from the Lubricating Oil crankcase of internal combustion engine that runs on diesel, motor spirit and gas. Physical and chemical properties of waste:- - Flashpoint: > 2100C - Boiling point: 135 - 3160C - Physical state: Liquid @ 250C - Vapor pressure: < 0.1 kPa @ 200C (will be increased if contaminated with fuel or solvent) - Solubility in water: Insoluble - Specific gravity : <1 - Typical composition: Oil (95%), water (4%), solid particle (1%)

One sample of spent lubricating oil that applied for this Project, was obtained from waste generator and sent to accredited laboratory for analysis to determine their composition. The results of the laboratory analyses are shown in Tables 4.45 and the original certificates copied and are shown in Appendix 6.

Based on the results, all the parameters tested in the raw material for SW 305 have complied with DOE guidelines on Standard And Specification Of Recovered Waste Oil In Malaysia except appearance. This means the oil is in fact quite clean. However, recovery process still needs to be carried out so that the recovered oil can meet the DOE standard all the time and also for production of high grade base oil.

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Table 4.45: Analysis Results of Spent Lubricating Oil as Incoming Raw Material

Parameter Recovered Oil Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305) (DOE Recommended Standard) Arsenic as As, mg/l < 5 ppm <1 ppm Cadmium as Cd, mg/l < 2 ppm <1 ppm Chromium as Cr, mg/l < 10 ppm 1 ppm Lead as Pb, mg/l < 100 ppm 4 ppm Total Halogen <1000 ppm 500 ppm Flash point, ºC > 37.7°C > 100°C Appearance Clear Black Color Benzo (a) pyrene < 10 ppm < 10 ppm Dibenz (ah) anthracene < 10 ppm < 10 ppm Benz(a) anthracene < 100 ppm < 100 ppm Benzo (b) fluoranthene < 100 ppm < 100 ppm Benzo (k) fluoranthene < 100 ppm < 100 ppm Chrysene < 100 ppm < 100 ppm Indeno(123-cd)pyrene < 100 ppm < 100 ppm

4.5.2 Waste Characteristics i) Spent Lubricating Oil

The spent lubricating oil is obtained from automotive workshops, engineering and die-casters industries. It typically comes from the crankcase of internal combustion engine from machine that runs on diesel, motor spirit and gas. It is in liquid form and insoluble in water. The boiling point is high, between 1350C and 5160C. The typical composition is oil (95%), water (4%) and solid particle (1%).

4.5.3 Waste Acceptance Criteria

The scheduled waste to be collected from waste generators will be sampled at the waste generator’s premise and tested to determine their composition and to match them against the acceptance criteria as given in Table 4.5. On reaching the Project site, the incoming scheduled waste will be tested again to counter check their composition and to match the previous results

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All containers of scheduled wastes, satisfying the acceptance criteria, will be stored in standard 200-litre leak-free drum and kept at a specific location in the waste generator’s premise while waiting for transportation to the Recovery Facility.

These will be marked and labeled (according to the Third Schedule) to identify their waste content and will be recorded on a delivery list. This list will enable the waste generator to keep inventory movement of their scheduled wastes and assist them to prepare the Sixth and Seventh Schedule to accompany the DOE-licensed transporters for delivery to the Recovery Facility.

4.5.4 Transport and Handling

Scheduled waste is to be clearly labeled, according to the Third Schedule (Regulation 10) and identified by the scheduled waste code specified in the First Schedule (Regulation 2) of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005, by the waste generator. He will also fill in the Seventh Schedule (Regulation 13) for each category of scheduled wastes and inform the transport contractor of the purpose and use of this Schedule.

The collection, transportation and receipt of these scheduled wastes by Project Initiator will abide by the Sixth Schedule of the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005. The Department of Environment (DOE), since 1 January 2007 has implemented the new e-Consignment Note for the perusal of the waste generator, the licensed transport contractor and the schedule waste receiver. Registration with DOE as a user of e-Consignment Note can be made from the web-site http://eswis.jas.sains.my. The procedures in using the e- Consignment Note can be found in the Manual Pengguna Aplikasi ‘e-Consignment Note’.

On arrival at the Plant, the incoming scheduled waste will be inspected, accepted, segregated and stored pending entry into the appropriate recovery process. The handling and movement of waste containers within the Plant is by forklifts.

Table 4.5: Waste Acceptance Criteria

WASTE CRITERIA WASTE TYPE OF WATER CODE WASTE APPEARANCE SG % RECOVERY pH FLAMMABILITY SOLUBILITY

Spent Liquid or SW 305 Lubricating < 1 ≥ 90 n/a Yes No emulsion Oil

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4.6 PROCESS DESCRIPTION

4.6.1 Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305)

The Process

The spent lubricating oil (SW 305) stored in 200L drums at the waste generator’s premise will be delivered to the recovery plant.

At the plant, the spent oil will be tested to determine the volume and content specifications. They are then stored at the incoming raw material storage area before going through the recovery process. It will be stored at the storage tanks as shown in the layout plan.

For recovery of SW 305, the spent oil will first be pumped through a fine mesh sieve to physically remove any solids. The solids removed will be dried and stored in plastic drum for final disposal by Kualiti Alam (KA).

The sieved spent oil will be collected in a filtration tank. It will then go through distillation process.

The process actually involves vaporization of a liquid and separation of liquids from nonvolatile solids or solutes or to separate two or more liquids with different boiling points. The process will be carried out by batch.

The spent oil in the distiller is heated by hot air (steaming – hydro treating process) generated by the boiler (diesel type) at temperature between 170 – 300°C to separate the oil from water and sludge. Since the boiling point of oil is higher than water, water would evaporated first and pass through the condenser to become distilled water due to condensation process.

When the oil achieves its boiling point, it would evaporate and pass through the condenser to allow condensation process occurs. The distilled oil is collected in a holding tank where it would then be sold. Any gas emitted from the condenser will be channeled to gas filtration system to remove odour before discharge into atmosphere. This is one of the mitigation measures against air pollution especially the odour generated during heating of oil.

The leftover sludge and solid matter will be collected and disposed at KA. Figure 4.3 show the process flow chart for the recovery of spent oil.

Mass Balance for Recovery from Spent Oil

The daily processing volume will not be more than 30 MT for SW 305. After processing of SW 305, approximately 95% will be recovered oil, 4% distilled water

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and the remaining 1% will be solid residual / sludge. The distilled water will be reuse for cooling tower and the residual will be sent to KA for disposal.

The mass balance for the recovery of spent oil is given in Table 4.6.

Table 4.6: Mass Balance for Recovery of Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305)

Type Quantity Item Destination (TPM) Input Materials Spent lubricating oil 900 To be recovered Output Materials Recovered oil 855 Sold Distilled water 36 Cooling tower and etc Solid particle / Sludge 9 KA

Use of End-Product

The recovered oil will be quality tested and stored in storage tanks. It can be used to generate recycled base oil or used as light fuel oil. The specification of the recovered oil is shown in Table 4.7.

Table 4.7: Specification of the Recovered Oil

Parameter Recovered Oil Cadmium as Cd, mg/l < 2 ppm Chromium as Cr, mg/l < 10 ppm Lead as Pb, mg/l < 100 ppm Flash point, ºC > 50°C Total Halogen <1000 ppm Benzene <5% Arsenic as As, mg/l < 5 ppm Appearance Clear Benzo (a) pyrene < 10 ppm Dibenz (ah) anthracene < 10 ppm Benz(a) anthracene < 100 ppm Benzo (b) fluoranthene < 100 ppm Benzo (k) fluoranthene < 100 ppm Chrysene < 100 ppm Indeno(123-cd)pyrene < 100 ppm

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Wastes Generated

The waste generated by this process is: a) Sludge / residue solids (SW 501)

Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305) (900 TPM)

Filter Solids (0.9%) KA (8.1 TPM)

Hot Air / Steam Boiler

Distillation Use for cooling tower and etc

Water Vapor @ 98 - 100ºC Condensation Distilled Water (4%) (36 TPM)

Oil Vapor @ 220 - 300ºC Condensation Recovered Oil (95%) (855 TPM)

Solids /Sludge Store (0.1%) KA (0.9 TPM)

Figure 4.3: Flowchart for Recovery of Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305) (Per Month Basis)

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4.6.2 Summary of Recovered Products and Monthly Capacities

The summary of the Recovered Product and its Monthly Maximum Yield is presented in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8: Monthly Maximum Yield of Recovered Products

Waste Recovered Product Monthly Yield Type of Waste Code Product Characteristics per day (MT) Spent Lubricating SW 305 - Recovered oil Free of solid particle 855 Oil and water. Fulfill the specification as shown 900 MT/month in Table 4.6

4.6.3 Residual Waste

The residual waste for recovery process and its characteristic is listed in the following Table 4.9.

Table 4.9: List of Residual Waste and Characteristic

Process Type of Amount per Characteristic Destination residue month (MT) Distillation of Spent Solids / Sludge 9 Waxy sludge with KA Lubricating Oil more than 10%

total organic (SW 305) carbon

4.6.4 Distilled Water

A summary of the Distilled Water produced by the process is given in Table 4.10. It will be reuse for cooling system and the excess will be discharged into drainage system.

Table 4.10: Distilled Water Produced by Recovery Process

Process Amount Produced in MT Per Month Distillation of Spent Lubricating Oil 36 (SW 305)

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4.6.5 Machinery used in the Processes

The machinery used for the recovery process in the Plant is shown in Table 4.11.

Table 4.11: General Equipment and Machineries in the Plant

Process Type No. Brand

Filtration Tank 1 Locally produced Distiller System 1 Import from China

Spent Oil Recovery Pump 2 Wilden, Graco, Grundfos (SW 305) Cooling Tower 1 Locally Fabricated Condenser 1 Import from China Boiler 1 Locally produced

4.7 POLLUTION CONTROL

4.7.1 Air Pollution Control System

The dust emitted from the boiler will be catered by the proposed Air Pollution Control System (APCS) which is a dust collector (Figure 4.4). In addition, the gas emitted from the distiller will be catered by the gas filtration system which can remove any odour.

Environmental Quality (Clean Air) Regulations 2014.

The proposed systems are the Best Available Technique (BAT) to control the dust and gas generated from the recovery processes. The dust collector and gas filtration system are sized to perform at high gas/dust filtration efficiency to meet the requirement of Department of Environment at the point of design. The system aims to comply with the standards / limits recommended in new Clean Air Regulation 2014 and also fulfill Peraturan 6 & 7 during project implementation.

Dust Collector

As the dust laden air from boiler enters the dust collector housing through the inlet duct, the heavier dust particles into the hopper. The remaining lighter dust particles are drawn against the outer surface of the filter bags where they are retained.

Clean air passes through the filter bags and leaves the clean air chamber via an outlet duct. As dust accumulate on the filter bags, periodic cleaning of the bags are important in order to maintain continuous operation. This periodic cleaning of bags is achieved by introduction of timed, momentary pulse of compress air

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through a specially designed blow pipe mounted above each filter bag. Only a portion of the filter bags are clean at one time, allowing the remaining filter bags to continue their filtering action.

4.8 TRANSPORTATION

All vehicles to transport scheduled waste to and transport finished products from the site will be licensed. They will use Government approved tarred roads for heavy vehicles. The route used will be planned to avoid dense residential areas.

Two trucks with capacity of 3 MT each will be used for collection of wastes. It is expected to be less than ten (10) trips per day for each truck.

The transportation routes are mainly focused within the central region with the furthest client towards the south is at Seremban. Other clients are located at Shah Alam, Subang and Petaling Jaya. Figure 4.5 shows the transportation routes for the collection of scheduled wastes.

The list of emergency response equipments that shall be supplied to the truck or oil tankers are as follows:

• Portable spill kit which includes personal protection equipment, absorbent, disposal bags, etc. • Fire extinguishers • First aid kit • Safety signage • Seventh schedule as required under EQ (SW) Regulation, 2005

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SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW

Figure 4.4: Proposed Dust Collection System for the Boiler

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Project Location

Figure 4.5: Transportation Routes

4.9 UTILITIES

4.9.1 Water Requirement

The water required for the Project is about 0.5 cubic meters per day.

4.9.2 Electricity Requirement

During the operational phase, it is estimated that the electricity requirement for the whole Project is about 50 KW/day with 3 phases (300 Amp).

4.9.3 Sludge and Sewage Liquid Waste

The estimated sludge and sewage liquid waste generated by the workers at the proposed Project is 80 liters per day.

The liquid waste will be directed to the Indah Water Konsortium sewerage system.

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4.9.4 Solid Waste

Base on an estimated P.E. of 20 workers, it is estimated that 100 kg of solid waste will be produced daily when the Project is in full operation. It is anticipated that the domestic waste will be collected and disposed off at the nearest designated dumpsite by MPK.

4.10 PROJECT SCHEDULE

The schedule for the proposed Project is given in the following Table 4.12. The Project is scheduled for implementation over a period of 9 months starting from EIA report preparation. On commencement, renovation works will take about 1 month to complete. Meanwhile, installation of machinery & equipment will take another 1 month. The testing and commissioning, also will take up 1 month. The production is expected at end of 2015.

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Table 4.12: Project Schedule

No. Description 2015 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 1 Submission to DOE

2 Review by DOE 3 Approval from DOE 4 Application for Kebenaran Bertulis 5 DOE approval for application of licence 6 Renovation Works 7 Installation of Machinery & Equipment 8 Testing and Commissioning 9 Commence production

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CHAPTER 5: SITE SELECTION AND PROJECT OPTION

5.1 SITE SELECTION

The criteria for selection of Project site usually include engineering, environmental and economic aspects to help narrow down potential sites to a few for further consideration. The options are then investigated further through site visits and analysis of existing information. During this stage, potential costs of mitigation for environmental protection and the resolution of social problems, if any, will be taken into account.

For this Project, a factory lot within Pandamaran Industrial Park has been chosen to carry out the business operation. The decision is made based on criteria of the following site selection methodology. There is no objection from DOE Selangor to carry out the recovery activities at the proposed Project site via its letter (B)B91/110/621/077 Jilid 170(4) dated 24 Jul 2014. However, EIA approval from DOE is necessary before commencement of the Project (Appendix 1).

5.1.1 Site Selection Methodology

A. Identification of suitable area Sub-activities • Determine site requirements • Determine extent of study area • Determine siting constraints regulatory, environmental, engineering, economical

B. Site identification Sub-activities • Identify potential sites • Preliminary screening • Eliminate less desirable sites • Consult government/public

C. Screening of sites Sub-activities • Determine screening criteria • Investigate sites • Evaluate & rank sites • Consult government/public • Select preferred site

The following criteria were used in the evaluation and selection of the site:

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(a) Relevance to development strategy for the area - Site in area zoned for medium or heavy industrial activity

(b) Land use compatibility, - avoiding densely populated area - a minimum distance of 350 m from the fence of the industry to the nearest residential area

(c) Environmental acceptability - Water quality avoid upstream water intake point Effluent discharge to meet Environmental Quality (Sewage and Industrial Effluent) Regulation 2009 Standard B Parameters - Air quality minimal impact from toxic gas and odor provide for adequate pollution control system - Noise quality Minimal impact from traffic and process equipment - Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem Minimal or no impact

(d) Socio-economics in the impact area - Provide job opportunities for the local population

(e) Marketability

5.1.2 Industrial Development Strategy

According to the Draf Rancangan Tempatan Klang (2002 – 2015), the landuse of Pandamaran Industrial Park has been designated as a main industry area in Selangor. This area has been developed for a broad range of industries to stimulate growth of the industrial sector in the State. The type of industries comprises plastic, textile, chemical processing industries and etc.

5.1.3 Landuse Compatibility

a. Pandamaran Industrial Park

The area is under Industrial Zone. It has industries such as chemical processing, plastic and textile already in operation. The basic infrastructure within the area has been well established. The drainage system is able to cope with even very heavy downpour to quickly and effectively drain rainfall surface run-off so as to prevent flash floods. In addition, the road system within the area has been well planned; they are wide enough to support fire brigade and other emergence response vehicles and they have sufficient vehicle carrying capacity.

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Residential Area

The nearest residential area, Kawasan 12, is located about 175 m to the west of the project site. Another residential area, Kawasan 13, buffered by other industrial lots, is also about 440 m east of Project site.

5.1.4 Environmental Acceptability

The objective of the proposed Project is to set up an off-site Recycling Plant to contribute to the DOE's 3R Policy with regard to scheduled wastes. The Project is therefore in line with the policy of DOE.

The Project area is not classified as an environmentally sensitive area in the National Physical Plan (NPP) (JPBD, 2006) and the Rancangan Struktur Negeri Selangor 2020 (JPBD, 2005). It is located outside of any environmental sensitive area (ESA) and is actually designated for industrial development.

The proposed site is not located within any water catchment area. It is located at the downstream of Sg Aur. Furthermore, no effluent will be discharged from the site to the existing drainage system that leads to Selat Kelang at the downstream.

The proposed Project does not involve any smelting process and the recovery of spent oil will be carried out in a distiller which is incorporated gas filtration system to remove any odour emitted into atmosphere.

Noise generated during the operation will be minimal. Both the air and noise quality within the site will be monitored regularly.

There is no biological resource left at the site as the whole area has been cleared some time ago.

5.1.5 Socio-economics in the Impact Area

The Project will generate more economic activities and job opportunities for the benefit of people in the Klang town. The Project will require skilled and semi- skilled workers for the recovery processes.

5.1.6 Marketability

The market for recovered oil at current prices is sustainable.

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5.2 PROJECT OPTION

The options are either to do the proposed Project or to not to. In the assessment based on the same evaluation criteria as given above, the results summarized in Table 5.1 indicate positively in favor for the proposed Project.

Table 5.1: Evaluation of the Project Options

Criteria No development With development Government Strategy (-) (+) Land use Compatibility (+) (+) Environmental Acceptability (-) (+) Socio-economic Acceptability (-) (+) Marketability (-) (+) + = positive option - = negative option

5.2.1 No Project Option

If the “No Project” option is adopted, the status quo remains. This option will effectively cause loss in opportunity for economic benefits and job opportunities to be created. It will also deprive industries in the region from of an off-site Recovery Plant that will be of service to their scheduled waste management plan.

5.2.2 With Project Option

With the development of the proposed Project,

• The illegal dumping of scheduled waste will be reduced. • Manufacturers will benefit, as it will reduce their potential environmental liability and bring down their cost of scheduled wastes disposal. • The Project will create more jobs and business opportunities for the region. • The Project will enhance the company’s image as a protector of the environment and a responsible corporate citizen.

5.2.3 Cost Benefit Analysis

The “No Project” option, while maintaining the status quo, will not bring in any benefits. However, by its inaction, it will incur opportunity cost such as:

i) not encouraging the development of environmental service providers;

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ii) contributing indirectly to use of environment unfriendly methods of wastes disposal; and iii) not contributing to alleviate the environmental liability of industries in the region.

The “With Project” option is a sustainable, commercial response to solve the problem of scheduled wastes generated by the expanding industries. By alleviating the problem, the proposed Project will contribute to environmental conservation, awareness and education.

The benefits that can accrue from this Project are: i) reduce environmental impacts from wastes generation; ii) remove environmental liabilities from industrialists; iii) provide sustainability for both industries and the environment; iv) reduce financial cost of wastes disposal for greater industrial competitiveness; v) promote the strategy of wastes reduction by recycling; and vi) introduce competition for environmental wastes treatment and disposal companies for great efficiency.

Base on the above considerations, it is obvious that the benefits from the “With Project” option far out-weigh the costs and the “No Project” option. The proposed Project should therefore be allowed to contribute to industrial development, to the environment and to society.

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CHAPTER 6: PROJECT ACTIVITIES

6.1 INTRODUCTION

The Project involves the setting up and operation of recovery facility for spent oil (SW 305). This will take place at the premise of the proposed Recovery Facility at Lot 4, Persiaran Jalan Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Park, 42000 Port Klang, Selangor.

Table 6.1 lists all the main activities necessary to prepare, build, equip and operate the Recovery Facility. These activities will be grouped under the renovation and operation phases. These activities will form the basis for assessment of possible significant environment impacts due to the Project.

Table 6.1: Main Activities Undertaken by the Proposed Project

Phase of the Project Activities

Renovation Phase • Internal building design & approval • Tender & Award the works, equipment & systems • Transport and receipt of building materials, machinery & equipment • Renovation works • Solid waste disposal • Installation, testing & commissioning of equipment/machinery Operation Phase • Sampling & testing for wastes acceptance • Transport of waste to the Facility • Receipt of waste • Handling of waste • Storage of waste prior to recovery process • Recovery processing • Storage of raw chemical • Storage of finished products • Storage of sludge/residue • Transport of finished products • Residue/sludge disposal • Solid waste disposal

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6.1.1 Renovation Phase

The renovation phase consists of activities that may have an effect on the environment and these are shown in Table 6.2.

Table 6.2: Activities during the Renovation Phase

No. Activities Remarks 1. Internal building A vacant factory unit is available on the site. Renovation works design & need only be carried out to serve purpose of Project. The approval design for the renovation works need to be carried out by a professional engineering consultant who will also submit completed plans to MPK and other relevant authorities for approval. 2. Tender and The renovation works and equipment and machinery required award exercise will be tendered out with documents prepared by consultant.

Bids will be evaluated and successful tenders appointed. 3. Transport & Transport & receipt of building materials, machinery and receipt at the equipment at the Plant. Plant 4. Renovation Works to create storage areas, processing areas, bund, works collection sump and etc. 5. Waste disposal Construction waste such as building materials will be transported to a designated dumpsite. 6. Installation, Installation, testing & commissioning of equipment such as testing & distillers, fire-fighting equipment, alarm system and others. commissioning of equipment/ machinery

6.1.2 Operation Phase

The activities that will be carried out during the operation phase are shown in Table 6.3. It is assumed that the Facility operates 30 days each month and 12 months in the year.

Table 6.3: Activities during the Operation Phase

Activities Remarks 1. Wastes acceptance Samples will be taken from wastes generator's premise to determine acceptance. On acceptance, the wastes will be transported to the Facility for recovery processing. 2. Transport to Facility By DOE-licensed contractor in sealed, leak-free standard 200-litre drums, properly labelled according to Third Schedule (Regulation 10) with accompanying Seventh Schedule (Regulation 13) for information on the wastes and the Sixth Schedule (Regulation 12) for control by DOE over

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Activities Remarks the movements of scheduled waste. 3. Receipt of scheduled Scheduled waste will be delivered and unloaded at the waste receiving area. They will be inspected, accepted and identified for the respective raw material storage area. The 4 copies of the Sixth Schedule will be filled in, signed and a copy returned to the transport contractor, a copy to be kept at the Facility and the other two copies to be sent to the waste generator and DOE within 20 days. 4. Handling of waste All incoming spent oil in drums will be channeled into storage tanks. For recovery, a pipe will be used to transfer the raw material to the recovery machines using pump. 5. Storage of waste Spent oil in the receiving area will be pumped into the appropriate raw material storage tanks to wait for recovery

processing. 6. Recovery processing Spent Oil

For recovery of SW 305, the spent oil will be channeled into a distiller for distillation process. The oil is heated by hot air /steam generated by boiler at temperature between 170 – 300°C to separate the oil from water and sludge. Since the boiling point of oil is higher than water, water would evaporated first and pass through the condenser to become distilled water due to condensation process.

When the oil achieves its boiling point, it would evaporate and pass through the condenser to allow condensation process occurs. The distilled oil is collected in a holding tank where it would then be sold. 7. Storage of finished The recovered finished product will be kept in storage tank product. and stored in the appropriate storage areas pending delivery for sale. Piping will be used to transfer the finished product from the processing area to its storage tank. 8. Storage of Sludge/residues produced from the recovery processes will sludge/residues be stored in drums or bags at the sludge/residues storage area pending disposal at Kualiti Alam. 9. Transport of finished This can be carried out by ordinary registered transport products company for goods to be sent to customers. 10. Sludge/Residues These materials gathered at the sludge/residues storage disposal area will be accumulated to sizeable quantity before being loaded to a transporter for delivery to Kualiti Alam for treatment and disposal. The transporter must be DOE- licensed and will have to follow all the documentation for transporting scheduled wastes. 12. Solid waste disposal Solid waste generated will be disposed by Majlis Perbandaran Klang at the approved designated dumpsite.

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CHAPTER 7 : EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

7.1 INTRODUCTION

Data from primary and secondary sources were collected and collated to describe the existing environment in the vicinity of the Project area. The components of the environment that will be described here can broadly be classified as follows:

(a) Physical – Chemical (b) Socio – Economic (c) Infrastructure and Utilities

7.2 PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT

7.2.1 Topography, Soil and Geology

The Project site is located at latitude N3°0’10.4” and longitude E101°24’24.4”. It is sited on existing factory building within the Pandamaran Industrial Park (Figure 7.1).

The soils in the Project site belong to the Urban Land (Figure 7.2). The geological formation of the area consists of clay and silt categorized under unconsolidated deposit (Figure 7.3). The rocks are formed during the Quaternary period.

Project Location

Source: MapSource, 2010.

Figure 7.1: Location of the Project Site

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Project site

Source: Source: Reconnaissance Map of Peninsular Malaysia, 2002.

Figure 7.2: Soil Map of the Project Area

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Proposed Project Site

Source: Geological Map of Peninsular Malaysia, 2004.

Figure 7.3: Geological Map of the Project Area

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7.2.2 Drainage and Hydrology

Currently there is no river flowing through the Project site (Figure 7.4). The surface runoff water from the Project site will discharge to the monsoon drainage system at the boundary of Project site and then to the nearby Sg Aur and eventually lead to Selat Kelang.

Project site

Sg Aur

Selat Kelang

Sg Sama Gagah

Source: Google Map Malaysia, 2014.

Figure 7.4: River System in Vicinity of Project Site

7.2.3 Water Quality

Two water samples were collected for analysis on 28 January 2015. Figure 7.5 shows the sampling locations. The sampling locations and their coordinates are given in Table 7.1.

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Table 7.1: Water Sampling Locations

Location Coordinates Description Water Sample from the drain, upstream W1 N 3o 00’10.4” E 101o 24’23.8” of Project site Water Sample from the drain, W2 N 3o 00’09.4” E 101o 24’24.8” downstream of Project site

7.2.3.1 Methodology

Temperature and pH levels were measured in-situ with a microprocessor-based Hanna Instruments Model HI 8424N portable pH Meter. The dissolved oxygen was measured using a Hanna Instrument Model HI 9146-04 DO Meter with ATC, respectively.

The sample was kept in a bottle containing preservatives (Table 7.2) and sent for analysis by an accredited laboratory.

Table 7.2: Preservation of Water Samples for Analysis

Parameters Preservatives Heavy metals (Lead, Water samples were preserved with nitric acid (0.5 Arsenic, Cadmium, ml 8N HNO3). Mercury, Chromium, Copper, Nickel) Oil & Grease Sterilized glass bottles were used and water samples were preserved with hydrochloric acid (2.5 ml 6N HCl). Biochemical Oxygen Water samples were kept below 4oC. Demand (BOD) Chemical Oxygen Demand Water samples were preserved with sulphuric acid (COD), Ammoniacal (1.0 ml 9N H2SO4). Nitrogen Escherichia coli Sterilized glass bottles were used and water samples were preserved with sodium thiosulphate and samples kept in ice during transportation to the laboratory.

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A2, N2

W1 A1, N1

A3, N3 Proposed Project Site

Water Sampling Point Air & Noise Sampling Point

Figure 7.5: Baseline Environmental Monitoring Stations

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7.2.3.2 Result and Discussion

The water from drain at the upstream and downstream of Project site was collected and sent for analysis. The water quality data from the sampled points will form the baseline data for the existing water quality adjacent to the Project site (Table 7.3). The water qualities of the samples taken were compared with Class III of Malaysian National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) (Table 7.4) and DOE Water Quality Index (WQI). The laboratory report for water quality analysis is appended in Appendix 2.

Table 7.3: Water Quality Baseline Data for the Project Site

Method Ref. No.: Parameter W1 W2 NWQS (Class III) APHA pH 4500 H+B 6.3 6.7 5.0-9.0 Temperature 2550 B 26.3 26.1 -

BOD5 5210-B <2 10 6 COD 5220 C 6 51 50 Total 2540 D 4 24 150 Suspended Solids

Ammoniacal 4500-NH3 B, C <0.07 12.03 0.9 Nitrogen DO 4500 O, G 7.7 3.3 3.5 Oil & Grease 5520 B ND ND 3.5 Water Quality - 94.49 52.93 - Index (WQI) Classification - Clean Polluted -

Notes: General rating scale for WQI Clean = 80-100 Slightly polluted = 60 – 79 Polluted = 0 - 59

From the analyzed water results, the water quality in the area can be classified as clean at the upstream but became polluted at the downstream according to the DOE Water Quality Index (WQI).

(a) pH The pH value for all sampling points ranged from 6.3 – 6.7 and within the NWQS Class III limit.

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(b) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) measures the amount of oxygen in the water. The DO levels for all sampling points ranged from 3.3 – 7.7 mg/L.

(c) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) TSS is an indicator of sediment delivery in the waterway. The higher the TSS the higher the rate of sediment delivery and is therefore an indication of soil erosion. The TSS level for all the sampling points (4 – 24 mg/L) were found to be lower than the NWQS recommended limit of 150 mg/L.

(d) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) BOD measures the amount of bio-chemically-degradable organic matter present in a water sample indicating the amount of oxygen required for the aerobic microorganisms present in the sample to oxidise the organic matter to a stable inorganic form. Generally, a lower level for BOD implies better water quality. The BOD level obtained ranged from <2 - 10 mg/L. The sample at W2 was above the NWQS Class III level of 6 mg/L. This indicates some level of organic pollution in the waterway.

(e) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) The COD measures the chemical pollution in the water. COD indicates the presence of chemicals that may reduce the DO levels. From the results obtained, COD level at all the sampling points were ranged 6 – 51 mg/L. The COD level at W2 had exceeded the NWQS Class III recommended limit of 50 mg/L.

(f) Ammonia Nitrogen The sample tested at W1 was low in level of ammonia nitrogen (<0.0 mg/L). However, the level of ammonia nitrogen at W2 was high at level of 12.03 mg/L and exceeded Class III, NWQS. This indicates moderate sewerage pollution in the sample.

(g) Oil and Grease Oil & grease was not detected (ND) in all the samples tested.

Table 7.4: National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia

Classes Parameters I IIA IIB III# IV V Ammoniacal 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.9 2.7 2.7 Nitrogen BOD (mg/L) 1 3 3 6 12 12 COD (mg/L) 10 25 25 50 100 100 DO (mg/L) 7.0 5.7 5.7 3.5 3.0 1.0

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Classes Parameters I IIA IIB III# IV V pH 6.5-8.5 6.5-9.0 6.5-9.0 5.0-9.0 5.0-9.0 - Total Suspended 25 50 50 150 300 300 Solids (mg/L) Temperature - Normal - Normal ± - - ±2ºC 2ºC Cd (mg/L) N 0.005 NR 0.001 0.01 + (0.011**) Cr (IV) (mg/L) N 0.05 NR 0.054 0.1 + (1.45) Cr (III) (mg/L) N - NR - (2.53) - + Cu (mg/L) N 1 NR 0.01 0.2 + (0.012*) Fe (mg/L) N 0.3 NR 1 1(leaf) + 5(Others) Pb (mg/L) N 0.05 NR 0.01 5 + (0.014*) Mn (mg/L) N 0.1 NR 0.1 0.2 + Ni (mg/L) N 0.05 NR - (0.9*) 0.2 + Sn (mg/L) N NR NR 0.05 - + Zn (mg/L) N 5 NR - (0.35) 2 +

Cl2 (mg/L) N - NR 0.022 - + Cn (mg/L) N 0.02 NR 0.0023 - + (0.058)

SO4 (mg/L) N 200 NR - - + Hg (mg/L) N 0.001 NR 0.001 0.002 + (0.004) As (mg/L) N 0.05 NR 0.045 0.1 + (0.44) B (mg/L) N 1 NR 3.4 0.75 + Phenol (µg/L) A 10 NR - (9900) NR NR O & G (Mineral) N 40, NF NR NL NR + (µg/L) E .coli 10 100 400 5000 5000 + (MPN/100ml) Source: Water Quality Criteria and Standards for Malaysia, DOE.

Notes: CLASS I : Conservation of natural environment water supply I - Practically no treatment necessary Fishery I - very sensitive aquatic species. CLASS IIA : Water Supply II - conventional treatment required Fishery II - sensitive aquatic species

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CLASS IIB : Recreational use with body contact CLASS III : Water Supply III - extensive treatment required Fishery III - common of economic value and tolerant species livestock drinking CLASS IV : Irrigation CLASS V : None of the above NV : No Visible floatable materials or debris NOO : No Objectionable Odour NOT : No Objectionable Taste ** : Related Parameters, only one recommended for use @ : Maximum not to be exceeded NR : No Recommendation * : At hardness 50mg/L CaCO3 # : 24-hour average and maximum (bracketed) concentration are shown NF : Free from visible film, sheen, discoloration and deposits NL : Free from visible layer, discoloration and deposits N : Natural levels + : Levels above Class IV A : Absent

7.2.4 Air Quality

Air quality monitoring was carried out on 26 – 29 Jan 2015 at three locations for

Particulate Matter (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC). PM10 and SO2 were monitored for a

continuous 24-hours averaging. NO2 and VOC were monitored 1 hour and 8 hours respectively. The location of the monitoring points as detailed in Table 7.5 and as shown in Figure 7.5.

Table 7.5: Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Points Coordinates Description

A1 N3o 00’9.5” At an open space, boundary of o Project site E101 24’24.1”

A2 N3o 00’13.8” At an open space, at Leboh o Pendamar, Kawasan 12 E101 24’28.6”

A3 N3o 00’4.0” At an open space, at Sekolah o Rendah Jenis Kebangsaan Tinggi E101 24’6.7” Psn Raja Muda Musa

7.2.4.1 Methodology

The environmental air samples were collected from the fixed points by drawing the

air from the surrounding area through the PM10 Sampler for Particulates Matter,

PM10. For NO2 and SO2, the environmental air was drawn through the absorbing media via a pre-calibrated pump station at the fixed points. Volatile Organic Compound concentration was determined by VOC thermal desorption tube.

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7.2.4.2 Results

Table 7.6 gives the results of air quality monitoring of the three locations and the results are compared against the Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guidelines (RMAQG). The air quality at the Project site and its surrounding areas were found

to be good. The PM10. NO2, SO2 and VOC levels measured were found to be far below the RMAQG.

Table 7.6: Air Quality Result at the Monitoring Point

Monitoring Points Parameter Unit RMAQG A1 A2 A3 3 PM10 µg/m 150 10 6 9

NO2 ppm 0.17 ND <0.001 ND <0.001 ND <0.001

SO2 ppm 0.04 ND <0.001 ND <0.001 ND <0.001 VOC ppm 9 ND < 2.5 ND < 2.5 ND < 2.5 Note: ND means Not Detected

7.2.5 Noise Level

Noise level measurement was made to establish the background noise level in the proposed Project site and also the nearest sensitive receptors. The main sources of noise were found to be background noise and noise from vehicle movement. Three noise monitoring stations were established to investigate the noise environment for the Project site.

The background noise level was measured on 26 – 29 Jan 2015 using a sound meter. The location of the noise measurement points are indicated in Figure 7.5 and described in Table 7.7.

7.2.5.1 Methodology

The background noise levels were measured using a ACE 6270+ Sound Level Meter (Comply the performance criteria for the IEC 804-1985 and ANSI S1.4-1983 Standards for Integrating Sound Level Meter type1 & type 2).

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Table 7.7: Noise Level Measurement Point

Monitoring Points Coordinates Description

N1 N3o 00’9.5” At an open space, boundary of o Project site E101 24’24.1”

N2 N3o 00’13.8” At an open space, at Leboh o Pendamar, Kawasan 12 E101 24’28.6”

N3 N3o 00’4.0” At an open space, at Sekolah o Rendah Jenis Kebangsaan Tinggi E101 24’6.7” Psn Raja Muda Musa

Table 7.8 gives the results of noise level measurement and the results are compared against DOE Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control recommended limits (Table 7.9) where the maximum permissible sound

level (LAeq) for industrial zones are 70 dB(A) during daytime and 60 dB(A) during night time and residential areas are 60 dB(A) during daytime and 50 dB(A) during night time.

Table 7.8: Results of Noise Level Measurement

*Recommended Sampling location Session LAeq L10 L90 Noise Day 48.9 49.8 46.1 ≤ 70.0 N1 Night 51.1 52.5 43.2 ≤ 60.0 Day 55.2 57.7 49.1 ≤ 60.0 N2 Night 49.6 50.6 39.8 ≤ 50.0 Day 56.8 60.2 49.2 ≤ 60.0 N3 Night 47.7 49.5 45.5 ≤ 50.0

Table 7.9: Maximum Permissible Sound Level (LAeq) by Receiving Landuse for Planning and for New Development

Maximum Permissible Sound Level (LAeq ) [dB(A)] Receiving Landuse Category Day Time Night Time 7.00 am – 10.00 pm 10.00 pm – 7.00 am Noise Sensitive Areas, Low Density Residential, Institutional (School, 50 40 Hospital), Worship Areas Suburban Residential (Medium Density) Areas, Public Spaces, Parks, 55 45 Recreational Areas

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Urban Residential (High Density) Areas, Designated Mixed 60 50 Development Areas (Residential – Commercial) Commercial Business Zones 65 55 Designated Industrial Zones 70 60 Source: The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control (Schedule 1), DOE, 2007.

Based on the results, the noise level (LAeq) recorded at N1 was 48.9 dB(A) and 51.1 dB(A) respectively during daytime and nighttime. The results were within the DOE recommended limit for industrial zone. The noise mainly captured from the vehicular movement along the access road and human activities at the surrounding factories. For N2 and N3, the noise level (total Leq) measured were range 55.2 – 56.8 dB(A) during daytime and 47.7 - 49.6 during night time. The results were within the DOE recommended limits for residential – Commercial Zone. The laboratory report for noise level analysis is appended in Appendix 2.

7.2.6 Meteorological Data

Data presented in this Section are acquired from the nearest Malaysian Meteorological Services (MMS)’s principal meteorological station at Subang (Station No. 48647, Latitude 3° 07’ N, Longitude 101° 33’ E, 16.5 m above MSL) over a period of five (5) years (2003 – 2007), which are representative of the Project site’s climate. The station is located approximately 21.8 km from the Project site.

7.2.6.1 Climate

The climatic information shows that Subang and the Project area generally experience an equatorial type of climate characterized by warm and humid weather all year round. Like the rest of the country, it is under the influence of the Asian monsoonal system. There are two distinct monsoon regimes, the Northeast Monsoon from November to March, and the Southwest Monsoon from May to September. The periods between the monsoons are commonly referred to as the inter-monsoon or transition period.

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7.2.6.2 Rainfall

(a) Total Annual Rainfall Trend (2003 – 2007)

Figure 7.6 shows the total annual rainfalls over the period 2003 to 2007 which averaged at 2,834.9 mm, and fluctuated within the range of 2,270.2 (2005) to 3,455.0 mm (2006). It is therefore predicted that the total annual rainfall at the Project site will fall between this range.

Figure 7.6: Total Annual Rainfall at Subang Principal Meteorological Station (2003 – 2007)

4000.0

3500.0 3000.0 2500.0 2000.0 1500.0

1000.0 Total Rainfall (mm) 500.0

0.0

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year

(b) Monthly Rainfall

The monthly rainfall chart (Figure 7.7) shows two periods of maximum rainfall separated by two periods of minimum rainfall. The primary maximum rainfall begins from September, peaks in November and decreases in December. The secondary maximum rainfall begins in February, peaks in April and reaches its lowest in June, which also appears to be the driest month in a year. The mean rainfall during the peaks is about 350 mm.

7.2.6.3 Temperature

Malaysia displays a uniform temperature trend throughout the year with fluctuation normally less than 2.0°C. The recorded annual 24-hour mean temperatures (Figure 7.8) ranged from 27.2 to 27.9°C with a tiny fluctuation of 0.7°C. The mean maximum temperatures (32.4 – 33.2°C, 0.8°C difference) as well as the mean minimum temperatures (24.0 – 24.4°C, 0.4°C difference) also showed insignificant fluctuations. These data suggest a constant annual temperature (approximately at 27 – 28°C) at the Project site.

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Figure 7.7: Mean Monthly Rainfall at Subang Principal Meteorological Station (2003 – 2007)

400.0

350.0

300.0 250.0

200.0 150.0

100.0

Mean Rainfall (mm) 50.0 0.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Figure 7.8: Annual 24-hr Mean, Mean Maximum and Mean Minimum Temperatures at Subang Principal Meteorological Station (2003 – 2007)

35.0

30.0

25.0 20.0

15.0

10.0 Temperature (C°) 5.0

0.0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year

24-hr Mean Mean Max Mean Min

The monthly 24-hr mean temperature (Figure 7.9) displays a fluctuation of 1.6°C with a peak in May (28.3°C) and the lowest in November (26.7°C). The monthly mean maximum temperature fluctuated within a 1.9°C difference, ranging from 31.8 (December) to 33.7°C (March). The monthly mean minimum temperature fluctuated within a 1.0°C difference, ranging from 23.7 (November) to 24.7°C (May). These data suggest a relatively higher temperature around May (when

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rainfall is least) and lower temperature around December (when rainfall is abundant) at the Project site.

Figure 7.9: Monthly 24-hr Mean, Mean Maximum and Mean Minimum Temperatures at Subang Principal Meteorological Station (2003 – 2007)

40.0 35.0

30.0

25.0

20.0 15.0 10.0 Temperature (C°) 5.0 0.0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

24-hr Mean Mean Max Mean Min

7.2.6.4 Surface Wind

Figure 7.10 displays the annual wind rose summary for the wind conditions. Wind is most expected to come from the northwest (15.7%), followed by north (13.8%), south (11.5%) and west (10.4%). The occurrence of wind blowing from other directions is relatively rare (below 10%). Among all directions, the west wind blows at the highest velocity (2.6 m/s). On average, 20.8% of the time at the Project site is expected to be calm with no wind. It is predicted that wind will blow mostly from the northwest direction to the Project site.

7.3 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The Project site is located in Pandamaran Industrial Park, on a piece of flat land with factory building. Neither vegetation nor significant biological habitat was found at the site.

7.4 EXISTING LANDUSE

The Project site is located at latitude N3°0’10.4” and longitude E101°24’24.4”. It is sited on existing factory building within the Pandamaran Industrial Park. The nearby landuse comprises of mainly industrial lots, residential areas and infrastructure facilities.

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7.4.1 Impact Area (3 km radius)

The primary landuse within the impact area (3 km radius) of the Project site is shown in Figure 7.11 and described in Table 7.10.

0 – 0.5 km Radius

The primary landuse of the impact area within 500 m comprises of industrial factories and residential area. The immediate landuse of the Project site comprises of factory lots such as plastic plant in front (Higashifu (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd), chemical plant on the right side (IPI Sdn Bhd), textile processing plant on left side. Behind factory lot is still a empty land. Residential area such as Kawasan 12 is about 180 m away and Kawasan 13 is about 450 m away from Project site. Sekolah Rendah Jenis Kebangsaan Tinggi Psn Raja Muda Musa is about 500 away from Project site (Figure 7.12).

0.5 – 1.0 km Radius

The surrounding area is still under industrial and residential zone. Residential areas such as Kampung Kastam are found at the north, Kampung Baru Pandamaran at the south, Taman Kem at the southwest of the Project site.

1.0 – 3.0 km Radius

The residential areas located within this radius including Kawasan 14, Kampung Sireh, Kampung Teluk Gadong Besar and Kampung Raja Uda at the north. Bandar Bukit Tinggi at the east, Taman Selat Damai, Taman Suria Pendamar, Taman Kota Pendamar, Taman Teluk Gedung Indah and Glenmarie Cove at the south. Meanwhile, Pelabuhan Selatan and Pulau Indah are located at the southwest part of Project site, Kawasan Perindustrian Selat Klang Utara and Sungai Kelang at the west and Taman Perindustrian Pandamaran at the southeast of the Project site.

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Figure 7.10: Annual Wind Rose Summary at Subang Principal Meteorological Station (2003 – 2007)

25%

20%

15% 10% 5%

20.82%

N CALM m/s

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5

Frequency 0 5 10 15 20 25

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1 km Proposed Project Site

2 km

3 km

Source: Google Map, 2010

Figure 7.11: Existing Landuse Surrounding the Project site (3 km Radius)

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Kawasan 13 Kawasan 12

0.5 km radius

Proposed Project Site

Figure 7.12: Existing Landuse Surrounding the Project site (0.5 km Radius)

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Table 7.10: Landuse within 3 km radius from the Project site

Location/Direction North Northeast East Southeast South Southwest West Northwest 0-0.5 km Industrial Industrial, Industrial, Industrial Industrial Industrial Kawasan 13, Industrial Kawasan 12 Kawasan 12 Sekolah Rendah Jenis Kebangsaan Tinggi Psn Raja Muda Musa 0.5-1 km Kampung Kampung Kawasan 12 Industrial, Kampung Taman Kem Kawasan 13 Kampung Kastam Kastam Baru Raja Uda Sg Aur Pandamaran, Taman Selat Damai 1-3 km Kawasan 14, Kampung Bandar Bukit Taman Taman Selat Pelabuhan Kawasan Kawasan 14, Kampung Raja Uda Tinggi Perindustrian Damai, Taman Selatan, Pulau Perindustrian Port Klang Sireh, Pandamaran Suria Indah Selat Klang Kampung Pendamar, Utara, Sungai

Teluk Taman Kota Kelang Gadong Pendamar, Besar and Taman Teluk Gedung Indah, Glenmarie Cove

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CHAPTER 8: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

8.1 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Potential environmental impacts due to the proposed Project may arise during the:

(a) Renovation Phase; and (b) Operation Phase.

8.2 RENOVATION PHASE

There is an existing, covered and usable building on the Project site. The interior of the building needs to be renovated to accommodate the requirements of the Project. Renovation works will involve:

i) strengthening concrete floors; ii) building bunds, drains and collection sumps; iii) demarcation to separate recovery area and different storage areas iv) Incoming raw material and finished product storage areas to be roofed

(i) Strengthening Concrete Floor

The existing concrete floor in the factory needs to be strengthened, especially at the processing areas to withstand heavy loads. The Engineering Consultant should carry out tests on the existing concrete floor before designing floor areas to be strengthened.

The work involved may be to add another layer of concrete, reinforced with BRC steel mesh, on top of the existing floor, or to hack up the existing floor and rebuild with reinforced concrete to designed thickness. Some noise and dust effects will be generated as a result, but their impact will not be significant.

(ii) Bunds, Drains and Collection Sumps

All storage and processing areas are to be surrounded by bunds and drains leading to collection sumps. The purpose is to confine potential spillage within the area and to direct it to the collection sump. The height of the bund should be constructed to contain at least 110% of the largest storage container volume.

The works involved in construction of drains and collection sumps will need to hack the existing concrete floor, to excavate to required depth and to lay concrete drains and sumps prior to construction of the bunds above the floor areas. Some noise and dust effects will be generated, but their impact will not be significant.

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(iii) Demarcation / Construction of roof

Roof to be constructed to cover all incoming material and finished product storage areas so that raining water will have no impact to the materials. In addition, demarcation to be carried out so that handling of material and wastes are carried out in proper manner.

The works involved in putting up the roof and demarcation will not cause any significant impact on the environment.

(iv) Installation, Testing and Commissioning of Equipment

On completion of renovation works, equipment, machinery, pipes, fire fighting, ventilation systems will be installed, tested and commissioned. All these works are not extensive and of short duration. They will not cause significant adverse environmental impacts.

8.2.1 Potential Impacts

The potential adverse impacts due to these activities are likely to be noise and air pollution, generation of construction wastes, temporary increase in traffic volume and risk of accident causing injury and/or death. The positive impacts are businesses and jobs created.

The activities in this pre-operation phase and their associated potential impacts on the environment are shown in matrix form in Table 8.1. The following describes the potential impacts during this phase, which are:

i) Noise pollution; ii) Air pollution; iii) Water pollution; iv) Soil erosion; v) Disposal of construction waste; and vi) Traffic impact.

(i) Noise Pollution

Movement of vehicles and operation of equipment such as electric drills and saws, and hammers are possible source of intermittent noise but their levels are not expected to exceed 65 dB (A) for prolong period. Since there will be no other sensitive receptors in the vicinity during these activities apart from construction workers, the noise produced may be readily abated by insisting all workers follow simple safety measures to mitigate harmful noise levels whenever appropriate.

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(ii) Air Pollution

Dust particles may be churned up by transport activities, especially during the dry season. However, with all the access roads and the internal road paved, dust and air pollution will be minimal.

(iii) Water Pollution

Works during this phase will not generate large quantities of wastewater. There are existing toilet facilities, connected to the central sewage system, in the building. The site is flat and the factory building is fully roofed. The impact of rainfall on exposed surfaces will therefore be minimal. Any rainfall surface runoff will go to the perimeter drain and discharged to the external monsoon drain.

(iv) Soil Erosion

Soil erosion is non-existent with no exposed soil surfaces.

(v) Disposal of Renovation Waste

All renovation wastes generated will be disposed at the designated landfill or dumpsite. No open burning is allowed.

(vi) Traffic Impact

During this phase, the traffic volume around the vicinity of the Project site will increase due to transport of building materials, machinery and equipment. However, even with this temporary increase in traffic volume, the road capacity in the vicinity is sufficient and will not cause a significant impact.

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Table 8.1: EIA Matrix during Pre-Operation Phase

PROJECT ACTIVITIES PRE-OPERATION PHASE RENOVATION

P1 LOW P2 MEDIUM BENEFICAL IMPACTS P3 HIGH

N1 LOW N2 MEDIUM ADVERSE IMPACTS N3 HIGH Construction of building (floor, roof, drain, bund & etc) Material & equipment delivery Installation of equipment, pipe, machinery, fire-fighting & ventilation Removal of construction waste

Soil profile Soil stability Subsidence and Compaction LAND Land use P1 Buffer zones Drainage pattern Water quality N1 WATER SURFACE Existing use Water table Flow regime

WATER Water quality GROUND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL Existing use

Air quality N1 N1 AIR Visibility N1 N1 Intensity N1 N1 N1 Duration N1 N1 N1 NOISE Frequency N1 N1 N1 Terrestrial vegetation Terrestrial wildlife Aquatic flora SPECIES & SPECIES POPULATION Aquatic fauna

BIOLOGICAL Terrestrial habitat Terrestrial communities

EMVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS Aquatic habitat HABITATS & HABITATS

COMMUNITIES Aquatic communities Physical safety/health N1 Physical well-being SAFETY HEALTH & HEALTH Communicable disease Employment P1 P1 P1 Utilities/Amenities Transportation/Traffic flow N1 N1 N1 SOCIAL & SOCIAL ECONOMIC Commerce P1 P1 Landform

HUMAN Atmospheric quality Tranquility N1 N1 Sense of community CULTURAL AESTHETIC & AESTHETIC Landscape P1 Odour

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8.3 OPERATION PHASE

The proposed recovery process is inherently stable and safe and should not pose any serious threat to the environment and to the health and safety of workers and the surrounding public (Table 8.2). Included in the recovery process are ways and means to deal with possible process danger points and waste materials produced such as residues and solid particles. Despite all necessary precautions being introduced, there is always the possibility of accidents occurring to cause adverse impact on the environment, damage to properties and injury or even fatalities to workers and the public.

8.3.1 Transport of Scheduled Waste

Scheduled waste will be collected and transported to the Plant for processing by truck. Finished products will be similarly delivered to customers. Waste products and solid wastes generated will also be transported to Kualiti Alam and Municipal Sites for disposal.

Heavy vehicle transportation, therefore, forms an integral component of the Project's activities. During this activity, there is a possibility of leakage and spillage of scheduled wastes at the collection and destination points due to careless handling. In between, on the road, the possibility of accidents caused by dangerous driving may discharge scheduled wastes onto the road or even cause the vehicle and spilled wastes to catch fire.

The potential adverse impacts due to heavy vehicle transportation are likely to be water pollution due to the leaked/spilled hazardous waste being washed into drains and river system. The effect on water pollution, though slight, may have a profound and cumulative effect on small aquatic species and their habitats.

8.3.2 Handling of Scheduled Waste within the Plant

This includes all activities involved with loading and unloading and transferring of scheduled waste from storage areas to processing areas within the Plant. The scheduled waste is generally stored in storage tanks. Due to crack of the pipe, accident may happen to cause leaking of oil on the floor. For forklift, accidents may happen to cause drums to be dropped and spillage of waste to occur due to careless handling of forklifts especially during unloading of spent oil from waste generators.

The potential adverse impact is spillage due to handling accidents. A spillage episode, if not quickly and effectively attended to, may cause water pollution, health and safety hazards to workers in the Plant. An accident may incur injury and even fatality to workers.

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8.3.3 Distillation Process for Spent Lubricating Oil (SW 305)

For recovery of SW 305, the spent oil will be pumped into a filtration tank where it will then be channeled into distiller for distillation process. The spent oil in the distiller is heated by hot air (steaming – hydro treating process) generated by the boiler at temperature between 170 – 300°C to separate the oil from water and sludge. Since the boiling point of oil is higher than water, water would evaporated first and pass through the condenser to become distilled water due to condensation process.

The potential adverse impacts are leakage of pipe and cause odour problem from the oil vapor.

8.4 HAZARDS DURING OPERATION

Despite efforts to minimize and remove every possible source of negative impacts by introducing and including in the Project mitigation measures, there is always an element of risk due to hazard episodes caused by human carelessness and accidents. The hazards envisaged from this Project are in:

(i) Handling; (ii) Transport; (iii) Fire; and (iv) Health and Safety.

8.4.1 Handling Hazard

The scheduled waste received by the Plant is spent lubricating oil. The liquid waste will be harmful only when accidentally swallowed in large quantity or when coming into direct contact with exposed skin surfaces for a prolonged period. This event is unlikely, however, with well-informed and trained personnel on the job. There is a possibility of low concentration of harmful chemical vapor being accidentally released into the work space without being immediately detected and rectified. The released vapour may cause skin, eyes, nose and throat irritation. Excessive inhalation of the vapour may cause nausea, vomiting, headache, or loss of consciousness.

All equipment used in the recovery processes such distillers, condensers, boiler and gas filtration system are low risk machines. In addition, all controllers, electrical motors, pumps and switches in them are all of explosion proof quality and hence safe.

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8.4.2 Transport Hazards

Scheduled waste will be collected from industries such as engineering, hardware and automotive workshop. The wastes originating from these industries will be transported by truck. During transportation, there is a possibility of leakage and spillage due to careless driving and road accident. Any sizable spillage may have a potential impact on the quality of waterways and on passing vehicles.

(a) Impact of Spillage on Waterway Spillage may occur on the road and/or onto the roadside drain or grass curb. The transport contractor is trained to deal with the situation immediately and appropriately based on information given in the Seventh Schedule (Regulation 13). He should carry out mopping up and recovery operation immediately to prevent the scheduled waste getting into the waterways, thereby lessening the impact on the water system.

Liquid waste may flow, when there is a gradient, into drains and waterways. When the liquid waste enter the waterways, the effect on water pollution is obvious depending on their concentration and toxicity, having ill-effects on aquatic plants and animals at the lowest rung of the food chain. This impact will be significant when the scheduled waste contain halogen, sulphur or metal compounds that are harmful to small organisms and human.

(b) Impact of Spillage on Passing Vehicles Spilled oil patches on the road surface will cause difficulty to drivers, especially when braking hard and may result in vehicle accidents. Due to the characteristically high viscosity and strong adhesion to most material surfaces, these oil patches resist rainwater washing for considerable time if dispersant is not used.

8.4.3 Fire Hazard

Even though spent oil is not so easy to be inflamed, extreme care and provisions have to be taken when dealing with spent oil to avoid fire incident. Smoking in the Plant should be prohibited and strictly enforced. Apart from fire and explosion hazard, any vapor leaked to the workplace atmosphere may cause health hazard.

8.4.4 Health and Safety Hazard

The scheduled waste in the Plant is a potential source of health and safety concern. Care taken when handling this material is necessary. Although this material is not extremely poisonous or harmful, when brought into contact with soft tissues and organs, they may cause serious injury and harm to humans.

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8.5 RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk assessment study had been carried out as shown in Appendix 3. The study is to:-

- assess the levels of off-site risk to individuals and community as well as nearby properties - to determine the significance of risk levels compared to specified acceptability criteria - to recommend risk mitigation measures where risk levels are considered unacceptable

The results of the assessment can be summarized as:

• The individual risk level at 10 per million per year (10 x 10-6 or 1 x 10-5) is not exceeded; and • Individual risk contour for the level of 1 fatality per million per year (1 x 10-6) is entirely confined within the project site. It does not encroach into neighboring receptor.

Based on the results presented, the project site is suitably located and it satisfies the individual risk criteria proposed in the EIA Guidelines for Risk Assessment, 2004.

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Table 8.2: EIA Matrix for the Operation Phase

PROJECT ACTIVITIES OPERATION PHASE

P1 LOW P2 MEDIUM BENEFICAL IMPACTS P3 HIGH

N1 LOW N2 MEDIUM ADVERSE IMPACTS N3 HIGH Transport of scheduled waste & final Handling of waste Distillation process products

Soil profile Soil stability Subsidence and Compaction LAND Land use Buffer zones Drainage pattern Water quality WATER SURFACE Existing use Water table Flow regime

WATER Water quality GROUND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL Existing use

Air quality N1 N1 AIR Visibility N1 N1 Intensity N1 N1 Duration N1 N1 NOISE Frequency N1 N1 Terrestrial vegetation Terrestrial wildlife Aquatic flora SPECIES & SPECIES POPULATION Aquatic fauna

BIOLOGICAL Terrestrial habitat Terrestrial communities

EMVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS Aquatic habitat HABITATS & HABITATS

COMMUNITIES Aquatic communities Physical safety/health N1 N1 N1 Physical well-being SAFETY HEALTH & HEALTH Communicable disease Employment P1 P1 P1 Utilities/Amenities Transportation/Traffic flow N1 SOCIAL & SOCIAL ECONOMIC Commerce P1 Landform

HUMAN Atmospheric quality Tranquility N1 Sense of community CULTURAL AESTHETIC & AESTHETIC Landscape Odour

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CHAPTER 9: MITIGATION MEASURES

9.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter proposes mitigation measures to overcome potential significant adverse impacts on the environment due to the Project. In formulating these mitigation measures, the following guiding principles are referred:

• Avoid the impact altogether by not taking a certain course of action; • Minimize the impact by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action; • Rectify the effect by repairing, rehabilitating, and restoring the adversely affected environment; • Reduce and/or eliminate the impact over time by preservation and maintenance operation over the life time of the Project; • Compensate by replacement or substitution of affected resources.

The Project Initiator will be responsible for the implementation and management of all mitigation measures which will be included as an integral part of the Project Plan. A designated staff will be appointed to serve as coordinator with various government agencies involved with the Project. This person (Coordinator) will oversee all mitigation measures and ensure they are satisfactorily completed as specified.

9.2 RENOVATION PHASE

The adverse environmental impacts due to activities undertaken during this phase are not serious, due to the limited renovation works required, the short and intermittent nature of the works, and their associated impacts. In order of importance and priority is safety of workers, noise and air pollution.

9.2.1 Workers Safety

When work is done in confined space and/or at a fast pace, there is always the possibility of accident happening. This situation may cause injury and/or fatality to workers, downtime and damage to equipment and property.

Mitigation

Workers should be made to observe all safety measures, don on safety helmets, clothing and gloves whenever job requires these items to be worn. Whenever possible, overtime work should be discouraged so as not to fatigue them into making unnecessary mistakes. There must be a safety officer present during the

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works who is well versed with first aid and all safety procedures. A first aid kit must be available and easily accessible.

9.2.2 Noise Impact

The main source of noise is from operation of equipment and transport vehicles bringing in building materials, equipment and machinery. The noise generated is confined within the site and will only impact workers operating equipment and to a lesser extend others working within the site.

Mitigation

The obvious solution to this temporary and transient problem is to insist that all equipment operators wear ear plugs to prevent noise induced deafness from being a permanent feature in their hearing ability. Ear plugs must be supplied and their use strictly enforced.

9.2.3 Air Pollution

Vehicle movements entering and exiting from the site may generate dust particulates, especially during the dry season. This will not be a serious problem though, as the road leading to the site has been paved.

Mitigation

If need be, exposed areas within the site should be regularly sprayed and wetted with water to prevent dust particulates. All vehicle movements within the site should operate at very much reduced speed.

9.3 OPERATION PHASE

All the processes in the Plant have been designed to minimize their impact on the environment and on the health and safety of workers; the latter is required to comply with the regulations of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). Adverse impacts may still arise, however, due to human error and accident during transport of scheduled waste and handling within the Plant. To a much lesser extent, equipment failure, like the gas filtration system during distillation not functioning properly, and process failure, may cause adverse impacts to occur. When adverse impacts do manifest, the ultimate effects will be mainly on air pollution and injury/fatality to workers.

The best way to mitigate accidents and human errors is to establish clearly defined detailed operating procedures for every activity of the Project. These formalized procedures should be presented in the Project's Operation Manual and

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be given to all key operation staff. These procedures should be communicated to all staff and workers in regular training courses. The Project should have a planned maintenance schedule to inspect, maintain and repair all equipment and systems in the Plant regularly for optimal performance.

The following discussion will be confined to the various hazards that may contribute to adverse impacts and their proposed mitigation measures. These hazards will manifest as adverse impacts due mainly to human error and accident episodes.

9.4 HANDLING HAZARD

Dealings with scheduled waste will have to abide by and satisfy all the requirements of DOE. Therefore, to handle, transport, store, use and dispose of scheduled waste, a formalized procedural report must be drawn up in line with the regulations of DOE.

When a spillage occurs, resulting in the release of scheduled wastes into the environment, the emergence response plan (ERP) must quickly be activated to prevent adverse health and safety effects on the human population and to mitigate any possible deleterious effects on the environment.

9.4.1 Storage and Handling of Waste

The storage areas for spent oil and area for the recovery process, will be designed to minimize and mitigate the effects of spillage. Concrete bund together with collection sump will be constructed.

a) All machinery and systems used in the recovery processes will be regularly and frequently inspected, maintained and if found faulty, to be repaired immediately. b) Absorbent pads, booms, and equipment needed to contain and remove spills will be made easily accessible. c) No smoking is to be strictly enforced within the Plant. d) No lighters, matches, or sparking devices will be allowed within the Plant. e) Chemical resistant gloves, safety goggles and boots, and other protective clothing have to be worn whenever necessary. f) When spillage occurs, use powder spray to reduce vapor and then remove the effluent solution with sand or other non-combustible absorbent and place into containers for disposal at Kualiti Alam. g) When leakage occurs from any of the equipment or machinery, shut off the power source and all other sources of ignition. Proceed to identify the source of leak and to repair immediately. h) An emergency response action plan has to be drawn up for major spills, leaks, fire or explosion. Personnel will be trained and assigned

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responsibilities to deal with such emergencies. Regular drills and exercises will be conducted to gauge the state of preparedness.

9.4.2 Over Exposure

To keep workers safe from hazardous over-exposure, the following emergency and first aid procedures shall be applied immediately:-

a) Whenever possible, move victim away from the accident scene immediately before carrying out first aid. b) If chemicals have been inhaled, move the worker away to fresh air areas. If the worker is not breathing, perform artificial respiration. c) If chemicals have been swallowed, wash mouth with water (provided person is conscious) and then call doctor. d) If corrosive chemical contact occurs, wash the worker immediately with cold water over the point of contact for at least 15 minutes, unless there is specific instruction not to use water for the particular chemical involved.

9.5 TRANSPORT HAZARD

During transportation, there is a possibility of spillage and discharge caused by road accident or careless driving. The impact can be significant and therefore mitigation measures to prevent the negative effects will be necessary.

9.5.1 Transport of Scheduled Waste

a) A good logistic transport plan shall be established to identify routes to be used that avoid congested and high traffic volume areas. The route information shall be provided to the DOE–licensed transport contractor with the information of the characteristics of the scheduled wastes given in the Seventh Schedule (Regulation 13). The transport contractor shall be made to understand all these information and to abide by them. b) All transport vehicles are to be road-worthy and equipped with mopping up equipment and facilities to deal with spills. It must include a fire extinguisher. c) The serviceable condition of all transport vehicles should be checked each and every time before they begin their journey.

9.5.2 Spillage or Accidental Discharge of Scheduled Waste

The following mitigation measures are recommended:

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a) The Project Initiator to do everything possible and practical to contain, cleanse and abate any accidental spillage or discharge as soon as possible. b) The Project Initiator to inform DOE and other relevant agencies immediately of an occurrence. c) All assessment and remediation activities shall be conducted in accordance with a work plan approved by the regulatory agency having oversight of the activities. d) The Project Initiator shall undertake a study to determine the cause and impact of the spillage and to submit a report to DOE.

9.6 AIR POLLUTION

In order to mitigate air pollution, the following mitigation measures shall be carried out during the whole project implementation:-

• The premise shall comply with the limit values and technical standards specified in the Clean Air Regulation, 2014 • Written notification shall be submitted not less than 30 days before the commencement of the pollution control equipment • Appoint a professional engineer to design and supervise the construction of a air pollution control equipment • The air pollution control system to be operated and supervised by a competent person • Written declaration and as built drawings to be submitted within 30 days after the commencement of operation of the air pollution control equipment • Notify DOE for the failure of air pollution control equipment • Equip and conduct periodic performance monitoring of the components of air pollution control equipment • Maintain the monitoring records minimum up to 3 years • Ensure emission – o not darker than No.1 on the Ringlemann Chart o Not greater than 20% opacity when measured with transmissometer o Install and operate a transmissometer if it emits more than 2.5kg/hr of dust, or darker than No.2 on the Ringlemann Chart of smoke o Averaging time for opacity measured with a transmissometer shall be 1 minute • No dilution of emission is allowed by adding oxygen or other gases • Use best practicable means to prevent emission of hazardous substances • Inform DOE of any accidental emission immediately • Sampling and analysis of pollutants to comply with MS 1596 or MS 1723 published by USEPA

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• Using best available techniques economically achievable for fuel burning equipment and the sulphur content in fuel must < 500 ppm (per weight)

• Monitor particulate matter (PM10) once a year for fuel burning equipment emission to comply limit of 50 mg/m3 • Monitor TOC periodically to comply limit of 150 mg/m3

9.7 FIRE HAZARD

Jabatan Bomba Dan Penyelamat Malaysia from Zon Klang had given the support letter for the premise during business license application by Project Proponent (Appendix 8). Among the mitigation measures that had been in place or recommended to be carried out include:

a) A sirens and a fire-fighting hose reel. b) Regular maintenance and inspection of this system to ensure workability and reliability. c) Fire extinguishers placed at strategic locations for use in isolated fire episodes.

When a fire episode occurs, fire-fighting response procedure must be carried out as follows:

a) If fire occurs in the Plant, an alarm must be sounded and all workers and staff to assemble in an identified safe location for further instructions by appointed person responsible for fire-fighting. b) Any flammable items in or near the vicinity of the fire zone will be moved to a safer location if possible. c) Trained fire-fighters operating the extinguishers or water hose reels have to be properly attired for safety.

9.8 SAFETY HAZARD

Jabatan Keselamatan Dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan Selangor (DOSH) had given the support letter for this proposed Project on 2 April 2015 (Appendix 7). All the health and safety procedures of OSHA Regulations 1994 will be adopted in handling of machinery and chemicals. This includes the approval for the machinery and chemical to be used in the premise during operation. An invitation letter (Appendix 9) for site inspection has been sent to DOSH on 11 May 2015 is aimed to obtain more information and guidance from DOSH for this matter.

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Some of the safety measures are:-

a) Each operator will be provided one set of personal protective equipment. b) When handling hazardous chemicals, operator must wear face shield, goggles and approved apron. c) Respirators will be made available in the event of emergency or accidents. d) Education and training on the following safety procedures will be given: - handling hazardous materials; - handling spillage, fire and explosion.

An Emergency Response Plan (ERP) shall be drafted and formalized before the implementation of the Project.

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Table 9.1: Summary of Impacts and Recommended Mitigation Measures

Impact Sources of Impacts Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures 1. Water pollution due to Spillage and accidental Can be significant Safe Storage and Handling of Spent Oil handling discharge • Use durable drums /tanks with liners for containment. Drums/tanks to be clearly labeled. • Inspect all equipment for hydraulic and oil leaks prior to use on site and have regular inspection schedules. • Have absorbent pads, booms, and other materials available to moped up oil, hydraulic fluid, and other hazardous material spills. • Store all hazardous materials in compliance with DOE regulations. • Storage areas to be designed with impermeable floors to contain and recover spillage. Concrete bunds to be constructed with 110% capacity of the largest storage tank. • Check incoming feedstock to ensure acceptance based on waste acceptance criteria. • Adopt the "just-in-time" inventory approach to optimize the inventory level of flammable chemicals. 2. Water pollution due to Spillage or accidental The volume transported Transport of Spent Oil transportation discharge of spent oil at any one time is • during transportation. limited, impact is also Prepare a logistic and routing plan. limited. • All vehicles to be equipped with mopping up equipment and fire extinguishers • Provide information in accordance with the Seventh Schedule. • Inform the transport contractor of the purpose and use of the Seventh Schedule. • Contractor should be made to understand the Seventh Schedule and comply with the instructions contained therein. • Check condition of the truck before use.

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Impact Sources of Impacts Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures Accidental Spillage or Discharge of Spent Oil • Use appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE) to provide protection for workers in handling any accidental spillage of hazardous wastes. • The contractor/Project Initiator to contain, clean and abate any accidental spillage or discharge of the waste as soon as possible. • To inform DOE and other relevant agencies of the occurrence as soon as possible. • Remedial activities to be in accordance with approved work plan by the regulatory agency. • Transport route to avoid densely populated areas, water catchment areas and other environmentally sensitive areas. 3. Fire/explosion hazard Accidental ignition of Can be significant • Have a well-rehearsed ERP that can be put into effect at short notice. in the plant flammable chemicals • A central automatic fire-fighting system with sirens to be installed. • The system to be regularly inspected and maintained. • No smoking and prohibition of matches, lighters and other ignition devices in the Plant. • Firefighters, when required, to wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus. • To move containers within the fire zone to a safe area, and to cool exposed containers by spraying with water. • To call the fire stations when needed. • All enclosed rooms should be fitted with fire rated doors of at least one hour. • Fire extinguishers should be placed at various strategic locations for easy access.

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Impact Sources of Impacts Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures • Install explosion-proof electrical devices to minimize damage by fire. 4. Residual waste/sludge Waxy sludge with total Can be significant • All sludge shall be stored in suitable container and labeled accordingly organic carbon as required by the Third Schedule of the Environmental Quality (Schedule Wastes) Regulations 2005. • Maintain an up-to-date inventory of the quantity of sludge and submit regularly to the DOE. • The storage area must be roofed to prevent entry of rainwater and must be ventilated adequately. • The waste will be sent to Kualiti Alam for disposal. 5. Solid waste Domestic waste Not significant • Domestic waste will be collected by Majlis Perbandaran Klang and disposed at their designated dumpsite 6. Noise pollution During Renovation Not significant • Ensure that all construction equipment has functional exhaust/muffler phase and also caused systems. by transport vehicles during the operation. 7. Air pollution Failure of air pollution Significant • Installation of proper dust collection system to reduce dust emission. control system for • diesel burning Install and maintain gas filtration system regularly to mitigate odour equipment (boiler) problem during recovery process. Odour problem during failure of gas filtration

system

Movement of transport vehicles Not significant 8. Health and Safety During operation. Not significant • To adopt Industrial safety procedures given in the OSHA Regulation hazards 1994. • Safety Data Sheets to be kept on site for inspection. • Emergency procedures, action plans and regular drills to be available.

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Impact Sources of Impacts Degree of Impact Proposed Mitigation Measures • No smoking allowed within the plant. • Workers, when necessary, to wear chemical resistant gloves, safety goggles and other protective clothing. • Train certain workers to provide first aid and have available easily accessible first aid kits. • Intensive training on safety procedures should be provided for all personnel

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CHAPTER 10: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 INTRODUCTION

As concern grows for the maintaining and improving of the quality of the environment and safeguarding human safety and health, organizations are increasingly putting emphasis on these aspects by incorporating them into their operation management plan. Accordingly, a formalized Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for this Project will be drawn up to be integrated with the overall management plan so that all environmental, health and safety issues related to the Project will be fully taken account of. The EMP is a necessity by DOE to ensure compliance to their standards.

The Environmental Management Plan will encompass the following:-

(a) EMS (b) Financial Allocation (c) Environmental (Water, Air and Noise) Monitoring (d) Environmental Audit (e) Environmental Health Monitoring (f) Environmental Emergency Response Plan (ERP) (g) Abandonment Plan

All of the above should address the following issues: - (a) Management of waste oil, residue / sludge and solid waste from the Project; (b) Implementation of environmental monitoring program; (c) Roles and responsibilities of Project Initiator to be formalized; (d) A planned and coordinated approach to respond to emergency; and (e) An abandonment plan if the proposed Project is discontinued at any stage.

10.1.1 Environmental Management System (EMS)

It is necessary for the Project Initiator to establish a management system for the Project whereby environmental considerations are to be integrated into all aspects and activities of the Project. This includes establishing and maintaining procedures to identify activities that have significant environmental impact and the control measures to be taken. This is tantamount to incorporate environmental objectives into the Project’s overall organization objectives.

An EMS is a direct approach to assist in meeting environmental goals and responsibilities. The system takes into account those responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining environmental policies.

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The EMS should follow the basic views of an organization which subscribes to the following principles:

Principle 1 Commitment and Policy

An organization should formally define its environmental policy and ensure commitment to it.

Principle 2 Planning

An organization should formulate a plan to fulfill its environmental policy.

Principle 3 Implementation

For effective implementation, an organization should develop the capabilities and support mechanisms necessary to achieve its environmental policy, objectives and targets.

Principle 4 Measurement and Evaluation

An organization should measure, monitor and evaluate its environmental performance.

Principle 5 Review and Improvement

An organization should review and continually improve on its environmental management system, with the objective of improving its overall environmental performance.

An EMS will serve the organization by projecting an image of responsibility to interested parties in the following areas: -

• Commitment that is translated to management actions to meet the provisions of its policy, objectives and targets; • Emphasis placed on prevention rather than corrective action; • Provide evidence of reasonable care and regulatory compliance; • The system design to incorporate the process of continual improvement.

An organization whose management incorporates an EMS has a framework to balance and integrate economic and environmental interests. Economic benefits can be gained from implementing an EMS. These should be identified to demonstrate to shareholders the value to the organization of having a good environmental management. It also provides the opportunity for the organization to link environmental objectives and targets with specific financial outcomes and

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thus to ensure that resources are made available where they provide the most benefit in both financial and environmental terms.

The potential benefits associated with an effective EMS include:

• Assuring customers of commitment to environmental management; • Maintaining good public/community relations; • Satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital; • Obtaining insurance at reasonable cost; • Enhancing image and market share; • Meeting vendor certification criteria; • Improving cost control; • Reducing incidents that result in liability; • Demonstrating reasonable care; • Conserving input materials and energy; • Facilitating approval for permits and authorizations; • Fostering development and sharing environmental solutions; • Improving industry-government relations.

10.1.2 Financial Allocation

It is necessary to allocate an adequate budget for the implementation of the Environmental Management Plan to ensure its proper execution and/or corrective measures to be carried through to the operations phase.

ISO 14000

An EMS forms the foundation to obtaining certification of the ISO 14000 series. ISO 14000 series includes several standards, most of which are guidelines on how to implement and maintain an effective environmental management system as well as how to monitor the system once it is implemented. There are 2 types of standards, viz., guidance and specification. All the standards except ISO 14001 are guidance standards. ISO 14001 specifies the core elements of the Environmental Management System to be used for certification.

The Project proponent should formulate an EMS in line with the ISO 14001 series. It is recommended that the company aspire to achieve ISO 14001 certification in the future. Among the benefits of implementing the ISO 14000 series are:

• Help to control Environmental Impacts • Reduce Compliance Costs • Address Companies Financial Goals • Promote commitment of top management • Reduce exposure to liability

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• Improve competitive edge • Reduce need for multiple audits

10.1.3 Environmental Monitoring

The objective of environmental monitoring is to alert management on occurrence of pollution or undesirable impacts on the environment. With early detection, appropriate remedial actions can be expeditiously carried out to avoid irreversible damage to the environment. A quarterly Environmental Quality Monitoring Report is recommended for submission to DOE based upon monitoring data collected monthly.

10.1.4 Legal and Regulatory Requirements

A list of the Acts, Regulations, Policies and Codes is given in Table 10.1 for reference during the monitoring and surveillance of the Project.

Table 10.1: List of Legislative, Regulatory and Other Policy Requirements Key Performance Acts and Regulations Indicators Water Quality • National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) Air Quality • Environmental Quality (Clean Air) Regulations, 2014 • Environmental Quality (Clean Air) (Open Burning) Rules, 2000 • Environmental Quality (Prescribed Act) (Open Burning) Order P.U.(A)308, 2000 • Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines Ambient Noise Level & • The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits Noise Exposure Level and Control, DOE (2007) • Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations, P.U. (A) 1, 1989 • Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) Standards for Noise Exposure Wastes Management • Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005 • Guidelines on the Handling, Storage, Transportation and Disposal of Solid Waste, 1998 • Local Government Act, 1976, Section 69 – 71 Public Health and Safety • Occupational Safety and Health Act, 1994 - Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000 • Guidelines for Public Safety and Health at Construction Site, 1994, Department of Occupational Safety and Health

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10.1.5 Compliance Standards and Criteria

The compliance standards and criteria referred to are mostly for the components of water, air and noise. These are summarized in the following Sections.

(a) Water Quality

Ambient Water Quality – National Water Quality Standards (NWQS)

The NWQS is a standard for ambient stream and river water quality. In this EIA Report, the standards set in the NWQS are used to classify ambient river water quality. The standards recommended for various beneficial uses under the NWQS extracted from the Environmental Quality Report, 2003 published by the Department of Environment Malaysia.

The future water quality monitoring stations are given in Figure 10.1.

(b) Air Quality

Ambient Air Quality – Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines

The Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines have seven criteria pollutants, namely Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Ozone, Sulphur Dioxide, Total Suspended Particulates, Lead Concentration and Particulate Matter. They are served for compliance reference and monitored by the Department of Environment Malaysia.

Figure 10.1 shows the future monitoring stations for ambient air monitoring.

Noise levels generated by the Project would come under The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control by DOE, Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations, 1989 and the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), 1994.

The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control by DOE

This Guideline has recommended the noise level must not exceed 70 dB(A) during daytime at the boundary of the Plant.

Figure 10.1 shows the future monitoring stations for noise levels measurement.

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994

The OSHA standards for noise exposure adopted by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Malaysia (DOSH) are shown in Table 10.2.

Table 10.2: The OSHA Standards for Noise Exposure

Maximum Allowable Duration Per Noise Level [dB(A)], Slow Day (hr) Response

8 90 6 92 4 95 3 97 2 97 2 100 1.5 102 1 105 0.5 110 0.75 or less 115 (maximum)

Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations, 1989

This regulation is aimed at controlling noise in the workplace and will be applicable for the Project site during the construction stage. There are three noise definition limits under this regulation.

• an equivalent continuous sound level of 90 dB(A); • 115 dB(A) at any time; and • a peak level of 140 dB(A) for impulsive noise.

(d) Other Regulations and Acts

The statutory regulations for erosion and sedimentation control in Malaysia come under several sections of different laws and enactment. For the purpose of this EIA, the following Acts and Enactment were used as guidelines:

(i) Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000.

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(ii) Environmental Quality (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order, P.U. (A) 362, 1987. (iii) Environmental Quality (Licensing) Regulations, P.U.(A) 198, 1977. (iv) Environmental Quality (Compounding of Offences) (Amendments) Rules, P.U (A) 281, 1978. (v) National Land Code, 1965 – on reserving floodplains, especially catchments areas for public use. (vi) Drainage Works Ordinance – controls construction of unauthorized canals and watercourse drainage diversions. (vii) Local Government Act, 1976 – which controls the deposition of materials on and around the banks of rivers and surrounding seas. (viii) Land and Conservation Act, 1960 – on preventing erosion from hill areas and siltation in river, canals, drains and sea.

(e) Other Guidelines

(i) A Handbook of Environment Impact Assessment Guidelines, Department of Environment of Malaysia – August 1995. (ii) Buku Panduan Kawasan Sensitif Alam Sekitar Malaysia, Department of Environment, 1993. (iii) Pocket Guide: Construction Safety, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Malaysia.

10.1.6 Environmental Audit

An environmental audit is a systematic, documented verification process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidences to determine whether specified environmental activities, events, conditions, management systems, or information about these matters, conform to audit criteria.

Environmental audit is also the objective measure of environmental management performance against standards set down by legal regulation, established criteria and company policy, with the findings communicated to the company. Environmental audit will be introduced as a management tool to provide feedback and control to management.

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A2, N2

W1 A1, N1

A3, N3 Proposed Project Site

Water Sampling Point Air & Noise Sampling Point Figure 10.1: Proposed Future Monitoring Locations

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10.1.7 Environmental Health Monitoring

Health and safety of the workers is a primary responsibility of the company. Thus, environmental health monitoring should be established to ensure all personnel are capable of performing their assigned duties, and that the health of the employees is not compromised by potential exposure to physical and chemical agents. It is also recommended that systematic analyses of sickness and absenteeism should be carried out. The potential source of accidents as well as accidents that already occurred should be investigated to identify preventive measures that may be incorporated into the company’s operation.

10.1.8 Emergency Response Plan (ERP)

The main factors considered in the ERP are: • Potential hazards and threats to sea, workers and the surrounding public; • A planned and coordinated approach in respond to the emergency.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

(a) Serious Accident A serious accident is defined as a life-threatening incident or an incident causing disabling injury to a worker or workers. When a serious or fatal accident occurs on-site, certain procedures should be followed to ensure orderly and proper actions are taken.

(b) Disaster Defined as a sudden incident causing great damage.

(d) Hazard Defined as the “consequences of failure”

10.1.8.1 Types of Emergency

Emergencies that could occur off-site and on-site in the Project area are:

(a) Fire episodes (b) Accidents leading to injury (c) Waste oil spillage on land

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10.1.8.2 Scope of the Emergency Response Plan

The scope of this ERP is confined principally to the aquatic life, health and safety of people during the operational phase of the Project.

The ERP details the safety procedures for the Project. This plan will be posted prominently in the work place and will address the following:

(i) Line of communication established to ensure all staff and workers are aware of their correct response in an emergency. (ii) Detail instructions for notifying the proper authorities (including phone numbers etc.) (iii) List of individuals identified with duties and responsibilities assigned to them to be effected during an emergency.

10.1.8.3 Basis of Emergency Response Plan

The ERP is based on the requirements or general intent of all relevant legal documents and more. These include:

(a) Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994 (b) Environmental Quality Act, 1974 (c) Corporate Safety Policy

10.1.8.4 Control and Safety Measures

Fatal Accidents and Serious Incidents caused by fire or explosion

(a) Stop work

In the event of a fatal accident or serious injury caused by fire or explosion, the Project Manager or his representative will issue an immediately stop work order. Work shall not resume until the Police and Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) have made their inspections and given their authority for a resumption of work in the accident area.

(b) Reporting Procedures

In the event of a fatal accident, the Project Manager or his representative shall immediately inform the Police and Department of Occupational Safety and Health who will visit the scene of the accident.

• Police Station, Klang • Occupational Health & Safety Department

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Fire or Explosion Procedures

(i) Sound the fire alarm Activate the fire alarm immediately. Report the location of the fire to the safety officer who will then contact the fire department if necessary.

(ii) Extinguish the fire Attempt to extinguish the fire using fire extinguishers or hose reel if it is safe to do so. Evacuate when the fire cannot be extinguished or starts to spread.

(iii) Call Bomba Fire and Rescue Department, Klang

(iv) When the fire alarm is activated: Obey instructions from Safety officer.

Accidents

In case of accidents within the Project site, the procedures for general injuries or fatal accidents are applicable. In the case of traffic accidents, the following procedures apply:

(a) Immediately survey the traffic situation and redirect vehicles away from the site of the accident. Sound the alarm and call for the ambulance if there is a need.

(b) If the accident occurs with ensuing explosions, the Fire and Rescue Department has to be called immediately. In accidents, redirect all incoming and out-going vehicles, except for authorized vehicles such as the police and fire engines, from the place of the accident.

Safety precautions during Handling of Accidental Spills

Accidental spills due to human error in handling and transfer of liquids are possible. The safety measures and controls to be carried out are:

(i) Briefing on safety procedures in handling the chemical and waste. (ii) Avoid contact of the waste with the eyes. (iii) Use safety glasses, glove and face shields when necessary. (iv) Wet the eyes with clean water if the chemical goes into the eye. (v) Medical/first aid facilities to be available in the factory

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Oil Spillage Procedures

Oil and hazardous material spillage can occur at the construction and operational phases of Project development. If spill occurs, and the spills are accidentally discharged into the river water or onto land with any potential for entry into waterways, the following steps should be taken as quickly as possible:

(i) Determine the source of spillage or leakage. (ii) Stop the source of the spill to prevent further leakage and spillage when possible. (iii) Contain the liquid if it is a small spill. (iv) Cover the spill with absorbent material such as sawdust, sand or oil absorbent pads. (v) For small spills of flammable liquids, the absorber can be aired out. (vi) When the absorber is dry, put it in a dumpster and keep the area well ventilated. (vii) Deploy containment booms if any spills reach the river water.

If the spill is large, then the Contingency Plans for Oil Spills and Toxic Chemicals should be activated immediately with the assistance of the Department of Environment.

10.1.8.5 Treatment of the Injured (First Aid Facilities)

The injured workers will be treated with first aid facilities before being sent to the hospital. The first aid treatment that can be done on-site for the workers are as follows:

a) Bleeding

If the worker suffers from a cut and bleed non-stop, stop the bleeding by using a sterile dressing with an adequate pad and bandage firmly in position.

b) Burns

If worker suffers from burns by dry heat such as fire and electricity;

• Allow tap water to run gently over the burned area and/or immerse in cold water. • Cover the burnt area with gauze or a clean handkerchief, sterile dressing and bandage. • Arrange for immediate medical care.

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c) Electric shock

• If possible switch off the current. • Remove victim from contact with the electric source using non-conductive articles such as a dry broom handle or dry rope. • If necessary, perform CPR

10.1.8.6 Organisation Chart and Roles

In the event of emergency, all control and rescue operations shall be under the direction of the Health and Safety Officer.

10.1.8.7 Command and Control

The Health and Safety Organization chart is shown in Figure 10.2. The responsibilities and actions to be taken are as follows:

(a) Health and Safety Officer in Charge of the Project site

• Has overall responsibility of ensuring that the Project site is prepared for an emergency by monitoring, checking and testing the procedures. • Manage emergency response and take appropriate safety action. • Arrange for rescue and damage control. • Prepare plan to respond to emergencies and accidents. • Coordinate emergency control plan with off-site agencies such as fire department, police, hospital and other relevant authorities. • Ensure security of the project area and evacuation area during emergency. • Provide briefings and training to workers regularly. • Responsible for all human activities with respect to safety. • Overall responsibility of ensuring that the site is prepared for an emergency. • Responsible for overseeing all emergencies and checking the procedures and equipment available for the respective purpose. • Responsible for casualties and organize medical or welfare support. • Constantly update and revise plans for various hazards prevention. Produce post disaster plans when required. • Manage an Emergency Response Team/Crisis Management Team and delegate responsibility and appoint an active deputy.

(b) All Personnel

• All must adhere strictly to the instruction of the Health and Safety Officer in case of emergency.

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AMBULANCE POLICE BOMBA

PROJECT PROPONENT

SHO

Workers/Contractors

Project Proponent: TWT Solutions Sdn Bhd

Figure 10.2: Health and Safety Organization Chart

10.1.9 Abandonment Plan

In the event of abandonment, the Project Initiator will take certain necessary actions:

• Maintain fencing of the site with sufficient warning signs to prevent unwanted entry. • Dismantle all unsafe structures and machines. • Any source of ignitions or switches must be shut down. • Remove and dispose all types of waste from the site. • The site must be free of standing waters to eliminate the risks of mosquito breeding. • Danger signboards must be erected.

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CHAPTER 11: RESIDUAL IMPACT

11.1 INTRODUCTION

This Section examines the residual environmental impacts that could arise despite all mitigation measures being taken. The main residual impacts are likely to be from residual wastes, solid wastes, ambient noise level and air pollution level during the operation phase.

11.2 RESIDUES

All residual wastes from the recovery processes will be dried, collected and stored prior to transfer to Kualiti Alam (KA) for disposal. The disposal will be carried out half yearly or when the cumulative sludge reaches about 20 tons. Owing to the small quantity generated, the impact of residual waste will not be significant.

11.3 SOLID WASTE

Solid waste generated by the proposed Project includes only domestic waste. Domestic waste will be collected by the Majlis Perbandaran Klang and disposed at designated dumpsite.

To prevent unpleasant odour being generated and the solid wastes being a source of infestation from vermin, the solid wastes should be properly contained in covered containers and they should be disposed from the Plant at least twice a week.

11.4 NOISE POLLUTION

It is envisaged that the machines used in the proposed Project will not generate significant noise. Noise from the movement of transport vehicles will be intermittent and low.

11.5 AIR POLLUTION

The air emission from the boiler will be catered by dust collection system. The odour from the recovery process will be treated by the gas filtration system. Dust generation due to movement of vehicles to and from the site is intermittent.

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CHAPTER 12: CONCLUSION

The proposed Project is an environment friendly and conservation conscious project that contributes to waste minimization, resource and environmental conservation and at the same time expanding beneficial economic activities and creating employment. In addition, it encourages the process of reducing, recycling and reusing scheduled waste. Like any other industrial projects, some negative impacts are envisaged. However, with proper and efficient mitigation measures, the negative impacts can be kept to a minimum.

Overall, the positive impacts from this Project far outweigh the negative impacts. Therefore, the Project is recommended for implementation subject to all the mitigation measures as recommended being adopted.

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