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An Archaeological Desk-based Assessment of Land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire, 2012 by H R Hannaford Archaeology Service AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK-BASED ASSESSMENTOF LAND AT BANK HOUSE FARM, YOCKLETON, SHROPSHIRE, 2012 by H R HANNAFORD MIFA A Report for Nock Deighton Agricultural LLP Archaeology Service Archaeology Service Report Number 327 Historic Environment Team, Business Growth & Prosperity, © Shropshire Council Shropshire Council, November 2012 Shirehall, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury, SY2 6ND Tel: (01743) 252575 Fax: (01743) 252505 Email: [email protected] An Archaeological Desk-based Assessment of Land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire, 2012 CONTENTS Page No SUMMARY 1 1 INTRODUCTION 2 2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 2 3 METHODOLOGY 3 4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 4 4.1 Designated sites and non-designated sites 4 4.2 Previous archaeological work 4 4.3Geologyandtopography 4 4.4 Prehistoric (pre-43AD) 5 4.5 Roman (43AD – 410AD) 5 4.6 Early medieval (5th century - 1066AD) and Medieval (1066 – 1540) 6 4.7 Post-medieval (1540 – 1800) and Modern (1800 – present) 7 4.8 LanduseinthePost-medievalandModernperiods 8 5 IMPACT ON THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL INTEREST 11 5.1 Impact on the Setting of Designated Heritage Assets 11 5.2 Impact on the non-designated assets 12 5.3 Recommended further archaeological provision 12 6 REFERENCES AND SOURCES CONSULTED 11 6.1 Sources 12 6.2Othersourcesandbibliography 14 APPENDIX 1: HERITAGE ASSETS 15 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1: Location of the proposed development site and the study area Figure 2: Location of the study area and heritage assets highlighted in the assessment Figure 3: Extract from the Foxall field-name maps for Yockleton and Stoney Stretton townships, 1:10,000 scale Figure 4: Extract from the OS 6" (1:10,560) map c.1890 showing the study area Figure 5: Extract from the OS 25" (1:2,500) 2nd edition map, 1902, showing the proposed development site Photo 1: The proposed development site, looking S Photo 2: The proposed development site, looking N Photo 3: The site of the access track, looking SE SUMMARY There is currently a proposal to erect two poultry units on land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire. The proposed development site comprises agricultural land to the west of the village. The site lies immediately to the north of the line of the Roman road from Wroxeter to Forden Gaer, a road still in use as the modern B4386 road from Shrewsbury to Westbury. The site may lie in land that formerly was part of a medieval park on the west side of Yockleton. Because of the scale of the development and the potential archaeological significance of the site, an archaeological desk-based assessment has been carried out as part of an Environmental Impact Assessment of the proposed development. The archaeological assessment finds that that there is a low potential for archaeological remains of prehistoric to Roman date being within the proposed development site. It recommends that adequate provision for the development would be met by an archaeological watching brief on groundworks associated with the proposed development. Archaeology Service, Shropshire Council 1 Report No. 327 November 2012 An Archaeological Desk-based Assessment of Land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire, 2012 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Archaeology Service, Shropshire Council, has been commissioned by Nock Deighton Agricultural LLP to produce a desk-based assessment of an area of land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire (centred on NGR SJ 3853 1022). There is currently a proposal to erect two poultry units on the site. 1.2 Yockleton is a village 9km to the west of the centre of Shrewsbury, Shropshire. The proposed development site lies on the edge of a field 825m to the west of Yockleton village and 350m to the north of the hamlet of Stoney Stretton. It is proposed to create an access track running southeast for 500m from the poultry units to the B4386 Shrewsbury to Montgomery road. 1.3 The scope of this desk-based assessment was agreed with the Principal Archaeologist, Shropshire Council, following consultation with English Heritage. This assessment includes the proposed development site itself (the site) and an area of archaeological assessment within a 500m radius around the site (the study area). (See Fig. 1) However, an informal area of wider search for statutory heritage designations extended from the site for a distance of about 1.5km radius of the development site. 2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 2.1 National policy for archaeology is contained in the National Planning Policy Framework [NPPF] paras. 126-141 (Department for Communities and Local Government, March 2012). Paragraph 128 of the NPPF states that local planning authorities should require an applicant for a development to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected by a development, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance. 2.2 The aim of this archaeological desk-based assessment is to provide information that will enable an informed and reasonable decision to be taken regarding the archaeological provision for the area affected by the proposed development of the land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton. 2.3 The objectives were: a) To locate any known archaeological features and deposits within the study area. b) To assess the likely survival, quality, condition and relative significance of any archaeological features, deposits and structures. c) To assess the likely impact of the proposed development on the designated and non-designated heritage assets and their setting within the study area (as defined in 1.3 above). d) To assess the likely impact of the proposed development on the setting of designated heritage assets within the wider, informal study area (as defined in 1.3 above). e) To identify and recommend options for the management of the archaeological resource, including any further archaeological provision where necessary. f) To recommend a strategy for further archaeological field evaluation where the character and value of the resource is not sufficiently defined to permit a mitigation strategy or other response to be devised. Archaeology Service, Shropshire Council 2 Report No. 327 November 2012 An Archaeological Desk-based Assessment of Land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire, 2012 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 The methodology for this assessment is based on requirements agreed with the Principal Archaeologist of the Historic Environment Team, Shropshire Council. 3.2 This desk-based assessment aims to examine and assess all appropriate sources. These have included: archaeological databases, historic documents (including cartographic and pictorial documents), aerial photographs, geotechnical information, and secondary and statutory sources. The assessment includes an outline history of the development and land use of the study area, supported by copies of relevant historic maps and documents. 3.3 The study area for this desk-based assessment comprises a 500m buffer centred on the proposed development site (Fig. 1). The size of the study area has been chosen to ensure that the documentary and cartographic sources provide sufficient information about the proposed development site and its setting to enable an assessment of the potential impacts on the heritage resource. All known heritage assets identified within and immediately adjacent to the boundary of this study area have been considered in this assessment. The potential impact of the development has been assessed on non- designated heritage assets within a 500m radius of the development site, and on designated heritage assets within a wider area of a 1.5km radius of the development. 3.4 The setting of the designated heritage assets within the wider, informal study area was assessed on the basis of the guidance provided by English Heritage (English Heritage, 2011: The Settings of Heritage Assets: English Heritage Guidance). Intervisibility between the development site and the designated heritage assets was assessed using Shropshire Council’s GIS digital mapping with Panorama contours and Get Mapping digital aerial photography, and checked from the site during the walk-over survey. 3.5 A site visit and walk-over survey was also undertaken on 7th November 2012 in order to identify any potential archaeological features not recorded by the documentary or cartographic sources, and to assess possible factors, such as existing or previous land use, and their effect on the survival or condition of the archaeological resource. Archaeology Service, Shropshire Council 3 Report No. 327 November 2012 An Archaeological Desk-based Assessment of Land at Bank House Farm, Yockleton, Shropshire, 2012 4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 4.1 Designated sites and non-designated sites 4.1.1 Designated sites (Designated assets are individually listed in Table 1 in Appendix 1 of this report). No World Heritage Sites or sites included on the Tentative List of Future Nominations for World Heritage Sites (January 2012) are situated within the study area or its vicinity. There is a Scheduled Ancient Monument (Fig. 2, Site 1: “Motte castle 250m west of Yockleton Hall”, National Monument No.19226) 1.1km to the east of the development site, and another (Site 2: “Ringwork and bailey castle 100m north east of Heath Farm”, National Monument No. 19211) 1.1km to the northwest. There is one Grade II* Listed Building (Fig. 2, Site 3: “Manor Farmhouse, Stoney Stretton”, National Reference 259022) located 750m to the southwest of the development site. There are no Grade I, Grade II* or Grade II Registered Parks or Gardens or Registered Battlefields recorded within the site or the study area. Neither the site nor the study area lies within a Conservation Area. There are 6 Grade II Listed Buildings (Fig. 2, Sites 4-9) within the extended study area around the development site (see sections 4.7.1-2 below & Appendix 1, Table 1).