1956 CONGRESSIONAL "RECORD -- HOUSE 14309 · BY Mr. TUMULTY:· - · · · · , PE'ITI'IO:NS, ETC. , for 'veterll.ns of. World War I and their H. R.12402. A bill for the relief 01· Norma· widows and orphans; to the Committee on· Coupland; to the Committee on the Judici­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions Veterans' A1fairs. ary. and papers, were laid on the Clerk's desk 1203. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the H. R. 12403. A bill for the relief of jen Hwa and referred as follows: secretary-treasurer, Brotherhood of Railway Lee; to the Committee on the Judiciary. · 1202. By Mrs. KEE: Petition of Frank N. and Steamship Clerks, St. Paul, Minn., urg-· Mr. ZELENKO: . Parker, of Nimitz, -W. Va., and 45 other ing enactment of H. R. 9065 and S. 3616, H. R.12404. A bill for the relief of Giulia veterans of Summers County, W. Va., and· relating to the Railroad Retirement Act; to Bogino, Lidia Bogino, and Giorgio Bogino; their friends, urging immediate enactment the Committee on Interstate and Foreign. to the Committee on the Judici~ry. of a separate and liberal pension program Commerce.

EXT ENS I O·N S O·f REM ARKS

The Italian-American World War Vet· stance, of contributions Italians and Italian­ Policy, Case Study of Watch Industry Americans have made to the bullding of the and Precision Skills." A quorum was erans of the U.S., Inc.. United States, and to its defense in war. not present, but was agreed in accordance The facts summarized in Albert Q. Maisel's with the committee's rules to obtain con­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS splendid article, The Italians Among Us, in the Reader's Digest of January 1955, and in currence by telephoning the committee OF similar articles from time to time, need not members to transmit the subcommittee, HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. be rehearsed here. You know, and I know, rePort for printing and publication. It that in music and painting, in sculpture and was specifically understood that there OF NEW JERSEY poetry, in science and religion, whether of was basic disagreement in the minds of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES modern times or ancient, whether of the some of the members of the full com­ new world or the old. no list of. the great. Tuesday, July 24, 1956 . would be complete without its Italian names. mittee on the "conclusions and recom­ Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, under But our greatness is not only in those sum­ mendations'; contained in the subcom­ leave to extend my remarks in the REC­ mits, those mountain peaks of achievement mittee report" and that approval for ORD I wish to include the following that shine out before the world as Palestrin~ transmittal was not to be construed as and Verdi, De Vinci and Raphael, Michelan­ an adoption by the full committee of the address delivered by me at the annual gelo and Donatello, Dante and Petrarch, Gall­ convention of the Department of New subcommittee's report. Furthermore, leo and Volta, St. Francis of Assisi, and St. time was to be permitted members who Jersey, Italian-Am~rican World War Ambrose, of Milan. Our greatness ls in the Veterans of the U.S., Inc., at the Hotel way each one of us tackles his job, however Wished to file supplemental or dissenting Robert Treat, Newark, N. J., July 22, small or obscure it may be. We are proud views to be incorPorated in the printed 1956: to count among our Italian-Americans the rePort. Through a misunderstanding streetcleaners and the plumbers, the road­ the report was printed witllout some of Mr. State Commander, fellow veterans, menders and ditchdlggers, the operators of no movement within our American ..society the additional views. It was agreed how­ cranes and bulldozers, the makers of shoes, ever not to send out the subcommittee ls closer -to my heart than the organizations the growers and sellers of vegetables, the of veterans of American wars of which the rePort until the supplemental views were workers with the products of the earth, that printed and that both the report and Italian-American World War Veterans of the are the solid foundation of this and every United States is an active and moving force.· country. When I walk along a city street, I these views would be sent out together~ · I have dedicated my life to the proposition like to think that the Italian-American Regrettably the press has reported the that the hyphen can and should be a uniting, hoslerymakers, of Paterson, may have made subcommittee report as being the report not a dividing, force in American life; and the socks, and the Italian-American shoe­ of the full committee. This is not true. that immigrants, second generation Ameri­ makers, of Brockton, Mass., the shoes, on cans, descendants of colonial Americans, and I am now inserting into the CoNGREs­ which I walk, and that the labor of un­ SIONAL RECORD, the views of Senator our only natives, the American Indians, have counted Itallan-Americans, and other Ameri­ an equal privilege and. duty to provide pieces cans, has gone into the paving, and the ditch­ GoLDWATER, Representative WOLCOTT, in the shining kaleidoscopic pattern of ing, and the pipes and wires and conduits, and myself, members of the full commit­ American culture. To Jewish groups and under my feet. I Uke .to remember, too, that tee on this report. These views are to be Negro groups• . to Pol1sh-Amer1can, German­ it is by the undaunted courage and devotion printed and distributed with the subcom­ American, and Irish-American patriotic as­ of Italian-Americans and other Americans, mittee report. Above all, it should be sociations and the rest, I give my hearty and that we have held and still hold this free enthUsiastic support, s9 long as the organi­ cleared up beyond any doubt that the son of America, with all the gifts of God subcommittee report was neitI'..er con­ zations and ·their members, whatever their and products of -the industry and ingenuity racial and ancestral character, put America of man that make us tl).e envy and the hope sidered nor adopted by the full com­ in first place, supreme and unquestioned. of the world. mittee. But to your group, I give not only mY en· May the blood of Italy, in the veins of ADDITIONAL COMMENTS BT SENATOR BARRY thusiasm for the general idea of bringing the American veterans, st111 pulse through New GOLDWATER, ARIZONA, AND REPRESENTATIVB old culture to make its contribution to the Jersey, and through America, in joy, in gen­ THOMAS B. CURTIS, MISSOURI, ON REPORT OP new, but the warm personal feellng of iden.;. erous service, in fervent devotion to God and THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON FOREIGN ECONOMIC tification. I am myself proud to be an country. POLICY OF THE JOINT ECONOMIC COMMIT• American of Italian ancestry, and it warms TEE ENTITLED "DEFENSE ESSENTIALITY AND my heart to know that the Itallan-American FOREIGN ECONOMIC POLICY--CASE STUDY World war Veterans of the United States now OF WATCH INDUSTRY AND PRECISION SKILLS'' have a department in my own State of New Report of Subcommittee on Foreign Jersey. Certain of the conclusions and recom- Economic Policy mendations in the report are subject to I believe, too, most heartily, in the uniting the following criticism: 1. They go beyond of veterans, not only 1n one, but in many the study of the subcommittee. 2. They are organizations. Each veterans' organization EXTENSION OF REMARKS contrary to the arguments and observations has its contribution to make to the country, 01' ' contained in the body of the report. 3. They its maintenance in peace and its defense in are inconsistent with each other. On other war; and each veterans' organization, in my experience, has its own particular flavor and HON. THOMAS B. CURTIS conclusions and recommendations, though thin the scope of the study and having a character, and its own particular contribu­ 01' MISSOURI wt tion to make to the happiness and welfare basis set forth in the report, in our judgment, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the better logic points to different conclu­ of the individual members. I find no con­ flict of loyalties, but a useful interaction and Tuesday, July 24, 1956 sions. With this preamble the !ollow1:ng obser., coordination in my own membership in such Mr. CURTIS of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, varied veterans' organizations as the Fellow­ vations are made: ship of United States-British Comrades, the on Wednesday, July 18, 1956, the Joint · 1. Comment:· It ls agreed that "a com­ Veterans of Foreign Wars, the American Vet· Economic Committee met to consider a munity ·of economically healthy nations de­ era:us of World War II, t.he American Legion, report by one of its subcommittees, the voted to living in harmony and tied by mu­ and the Military Order o! World W~. Subcommittee on Foi:eign Economic tually beneficial trade is not the least .To a group o! this sort, I know I need not Policy. This report was entitled "De­ :factor o! our national security." But in Ugh~ •:peak, either statistically or instance by in- :f ense Essentiality and Foreign Economic o! the subject matter of the report, it should 14310 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-=-- HOUSE .July 24 be affi.rmatively stated, and it ts not, that restricted against sufficiently detrimental to against economic monopoly (including the the greatest factor of national security de­ the part that it in effect is detrimental to worst kind of economic monopoly, that con­ pends upon the economic health of the the whole? trolled by the political government). Those United States. 7. Comment: This conception ls amoral who have been charged with setting up and 2. Comment: It ls axiomatic that mobili­ and inconsistent with the previous conclu­ administering our foreign policy from their zation thinking must go far beyond out­ sions of the subcommittee. In conclusion 13 actions, seem to have no concept of what the moded ideas of continental defense, but the subcommittee argues for the need of the virtues of private enterprise are. They have how far must mobilization thinking go be­ United States to stay committed to a policy taken this great society in the United States yond up-to-date ideas of continental defense? of intervention in world affairs. "This re­ for granted and then have gone abroad and 4. Comment: The entire testimony about quires our consistent application of princi­ condoned and indeed, encouraged the very the possible types of future wars which ples designed to encourage economic growth economic practices which we had to :fight the subcommittee itself found in its studies and progress throughout all like-minded na­ against over a period of many years in thta· contradicts conclusion No. 4. The real con­ tions of the world; a timorous and inconsist­ country in order to have the system that we clusion is that it is not safe to make any ent policy with principle sacrificed to tem­ do have. firm assumption as to which type of war we porary expedience will weaken true national If we are indeed to promote economic might have to :fight. Certainly, it ls highly security," the subcommittee states. growth and progress abroad, we had better probable that we will :fight a war where The United States has antitrust laws to start paying attention to the things that there will be time to convert our industry restrict against trusts, cartels, and many produced the economic growth and progress from war to peace. · The time lag probably other attempts of persons· to gain monopo­ in this Nation. The laws of economics and will have to be improved over the period of listic control over economic powers. We do sociology are just as true abroad a.s they are years. the subcommittee assumes. that in the fl.rm belief that not to do so will at home. 5. Comment: The subcommittee made no discourage economic growth and progress. study which justifies such a statement that Now, either we believe this ls true or we do "Thermonuclear war would destroy civiliza­ not. Either we believe that minimum wage The Moral . Obligation of the United tion and mankind everywhere." Certainly laws and laws against sweat shops do encour­ ·there is a. school of thought which advances age economic growth and progress and that States To ·Support the Workers of Poz­ this idea, but ther.e are many other schools permitting the opposite wlll discourage it, or nan in the· Strug.gle Against Commo· of thought which take sharp issue with this we do not. We either believe that our health bit of human conceit. regulations that we impose on our domestic nist Tyranny comment: It is hard to understand how producers are in the interest of the health of the conclusion ls reached that "economic our co_nsumers and of our society or we support of this effort implies current pro­ do not. EXTENSION OF REMARKS duction and stockpiling of material needed This doctrine advanced by the subcom­ OF rather than massive conversion of industry." mittee in this recommendation that "we Of course, through the use 'of the adjective have no valid reason for dictating the form HON. ALBERT W. CRETELLA "massive," the statement is not so easily re­ of internal business organization in a foreign OF CONNECTICUT futable. However, the very burden of the country" can only come logically from a be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES study ls the question of how much industrial lief that these restrictions we place on our conversion might be feasibly planned for the own domestic producers are just window Tuesday, July 24, 1956 various types of potential wars. The use of dressing-voter appeal stuff-matters that Mr. CRETELLA. Mr. Speaker, in 1918 the adjective "massive" in a positive state­ have no relation to reality. Certainly, if the ment on another matter takes away the very members of the subcommittee and the statf there was a revolt in Poznan, Poland. It point at issue and under discussion. who prepared this report believed in the eco­ was against the German occupation, and 12. Comment: This subcommittee made nomic merit of antitrust laws, mi11lmum­ occurred at the same time Ignace Pade­ no study of tariffs versus other methods of wage laws, health laws, and all the other re­ rewski returned from America after trade regulation and is hardly in a position strictions we place upon our domestic manu­ World War I. to comment upon the feasibility of one facturers, they would see that the only way method of regulating trade over another This was the only victorious uprising we can help spread economic growth a.net in Polish history, and afterward the main without such a study. progress in foreign countries is through an · 13. comment: Just what does the term insistence upon paying attention to these square in Poznan was renamed Freedom "likeminded nations" refer to? Likeminded standards. Square; This symbol of liberty is cher­ on judgments of economic-political philoso­ Now do we have to go as far as the sub­ ished by the people of Poznan. phy? committee does in its recommendation No. 13 On June 28, 1956, it was no surprise WATCHES in the extent of United States intervention that the Poznan workers marched on 2. Comment: This is directly contrary to abroad in this matter. The subject matter historic Freedom Square, now the head­ what evidence the subcommittee adduced at hand concerns a question of foreign coun­ quarters of the Polish Commurust Party about possible wars in the future. One of tries wanting to sell their goods in the United and their security police, to demand the most likely of all wars.is honthermoneu­ States domestic market. We surely have the bread and freedom. Their pleas were clear where Russia moves over the face of right to impose a little intervention here to Western Europe with its land armies: Such say to the foreign producer, we have certain answered with bullets. The result was a movement would amount to a war in which economic regulations imposed upon our do­ the loss of 38 lives and 270 wounded, Switzerland is cut off from us and our fac­ mestic manufacturer which we felt are neces­ many of whom were innocent women tories would still be intact. The decision as sary to maintain this great domestic market and children. to whether a peripheral war is to become we have built and to protect our consumers The latest barrage of prcpaganda from thermonuclear is largely one that the , and we expect you to pay some attention to the Communists tells us that the June United States will make. In Korea, we de­ them too if you want to gain the benefits of cided against it. In Indochina, we decided trading in it. revolt was inspired and ir.a.cited by "for­ against it. In the taking over of Czechoslo­ In essence, the presentation of the sub­ eign agents" directed by our own Secre­ vakia, not only did we decide against it, we committee is the same argument that used to tary of State, Mr. John Foster Dulles. decided to do nothing. In Greece we decided be used domestically in favor of sweat­ But the facts are clear. It was hunger, against it. Now on what basis does the sub­ shops • • • the consumer gets the benefit unrest, subjugation, and the other committee make such an assumption in rec­ in price. Well, we have concluded in this plagues of Kremlin dictatorship which ommendation 2 on watches? country that, though· the consumer may get were the real inciters of the uprising. 3. Comment: If conclusion 2 is unsup­ an immediate benefit in price from sweat­ For this was a revolt sparked internally ported, conclusion 3 falls also. shop labor, in the long run neither the con­ 5. Comment: It is hard to understand the sumer nor any one else derives benefit from by the proletarian workers of Poznan data from whence it ls concluded that trade exploitation of other men's labors. whom the Communists are forever claim­ restrictions will not preserve the domestic For over 10 years now we have been follow­ ing they represent. It is ironic then that industry. The entire reason for the position ing the mixed up philosophy, the same that these were the same proletarians who of the Swiss importers is that they want the is herein advanced by the subcommittee in took to the streets to voice their demands business; the position of the domestic pro­ its recommendations and conclusions, in our and whose lives were taken by these ducer ls that they want the business. The foreign policy. It has not done well in stem­ Communist butchers known otherwise as trade restriction as presently drawn gives the ming communism in the world either ideo­ their self-styled protectors. The Polish business to the domestic producer. It isn't logically in the ·hearts of men or physically Government's talk of outside imperialist a question of "preservation" as such as much in the broad lands of the world. The rea­ as it is a question of "growth" with the grow­ sons why this foreign policy has not suc­ agents as the cause of the revolt is noth­ ing economy. ceeded should be obvious by now. We have ing but the big-lie technique, designed to The argument that trade restriction ts a not been promoting the political and eco­ justify its brutal actions. burden on other industries and consumers nomic philosophy which made this country We, as free Americans, and others of can be applied to any restriction on any­ what it is, the philosophy of high wages. good the free world have the moral obligation thing. The question at hand is, Is the thing working conditions, fair-trade practices, rules to speak out in the name of decency and 1956 CONGRESSION,AL RECORD .- , HOUSE 14311 humanity ~gainst . ~h~ terribl.~ Poznan partially. fr.ee themselves when they can were involved in the contract negotia­ killings. - , control the methods of collection of state tions. After- several congressional in­ Besides accusing· Mr. Dulles of inflam­ revenues. By the voicing of their griev­ vestigations, the Government decided to atory speeches to incite the Poznan riot, ances through violence the Poznan work­ undertake its own printing and pur­ Pravda and other Soviet organs have ers have realized a "tax reform" and al­ chased a private printing plant for $135, .. charged that the revolt was financed by though such a measure is a long way 000 to do.the job. From this small plant the United States with funds appro­ from freedom itself it was the indication has developed the Government Printing priated by Congress. We all know this of a Communist concession and an ad­ Office-the largest printing plant in the not to be the case but if it were true mission of wrongdoing. world. the expense of helping those to throw Rights which our workers in the-United off the yoke of Communist tyranny would States regard as elementary are still for .. be more than morally justified. bidden in the Communist workers It is apparent that Russia is beginning "paradise." Resolution in Opposition to Admission of to face the frightening realization she The Poznan workers have learned Red China Into the U. N. is losing her stranglehold.on the captive there is no new smile on the Soviet face. satellite countries behind the Iron Cur­ The "new" atmosphere in Poland for EXTENSION OF REMARKS tain. Since the downgrading of Stalin the most part is a cruel hoax. .The evi­ OF by Bulganin and Khrushchev, Commu .. dence is the scores of dead and wounded nist leaders outside the captive countries who on June 28 thought they could safe­ HON. WALTER H. JUDD have raised doubts about the motives of ly air their grievances. OF MINNESOTA the Kremlin, all of which have contrib· Only temporarily has the unrest in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bted to the Soviet sense of insecurity. Poznan been drowned in blood. Even The Poznan upsurge has its distinc .. now this tragedy is not complete. Latest Tuesday, July 24, 1956 tions in this regard. It is the first major bulletins indicate that 323 persons will ·Mr. JUDD. Mr. Speakert the Confer• uprising in the satellites since the de­ face trial for armed insurrection the ence on Pea·ce and Freedom Through basement of Stalin. The brave and maximum penalty of which is death. Liberation held its annual meeting in courageous citizens of Poznan have It should be obvious to the Russians the House caucus room on July 2 last. served notice on the Kremlin that they and their satellite puppets by this time This organization has for several years vigorously protest the· denial of their that revolts and uprisings behind the been working through various means to rightful share of freedom, regardless of Iron Curtain will continue just so long encourage the people behind the Iroti the Stalin downgrading. The Russian as strength and the will for freedom Curtain of Communist t:iranny, in their overtones of relaxing their systems of God has bequeathed to us all exists in efforts. to regain their freedom. state police control ·have counted for the hearts and the minds of the Poles and It was my privilege to present to the nothing with the Polish people. A lesser other captive peoples. conference a resolution opposing the ad­ degree of tyranny and subjugation - It is my strong belief that our Gov­ mission of Communist China to mem­ makes the courageous Poles no more ernment has the obligation to express bership in the United Nations. The con­ likely to accept their existenc.e in· the clear and forthright objection to the ference unanimously adopted the reso­ vaccuous Communist world. Communist tyranny in Poland. lution and asked that it be made avail­ · The Polish nation was the first to fall able to all Members of the Congress and utider the planning of mad Hitler and that it be given wide distribution among plundeiing of the Nazi army: · This Na­ freedom-loving peoples everywhere. Un­ tion knows well, the results of force, bru­ The Government Printing Office Keeps der leave to extend my remarks I in­ tality, ·and murder upon its innocents. clude the resolution: Tne nightmare of Katyn Forest i~ burned Co~gres~ and the World Informed into their memories . . The Russian dom .. RESOLUTION IN OPPOSITION TO ADMISSION OF ination with which Poland contends now, EXTENSION OF REMARKS RED CHINA INTO THE UNITED NATIONS Recognizing that the Red regime in China i~ just as detestable ·and abhorent to OF gained power by subversion and aggression tliem as tne Nazi pillagers, for both stand against the government and people of the as a cruel and cunning barrier to·a peo­ HON. BROOKS HAYS Republic of China; that it rules by force OF ARKANSAS ple who fight and are beaten and fight and terror; that it. h~s carried on a pro­ again and pray for freedom and t:Qe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gram· af mass murder, by which the lives 9~ return of their legitimate government ·mmions of peace-loving Chinese citizens arid culture. Tuesday, July 24, 1956 have been sacrificed; that it seeks to elimi.. nate from Chinese life thof?e thi~gs tradi .. ·. ·The Communists ill their highly. prop­ Mr. HAYS of Arkansas. Mr. Speaker, tionally sacred to the Chinese people, name­ agandized efforts to flaunt their kind­ when I walked ·into the Government ly, spiritual values, individual liberty, and the ness and amnesty to the rest of the Printing Office at midnight recently to love of family and home; world have actually made a mockery out return some copy for the CONGRESSIONAL Recognizing that this Communist regime, of humanity. The .workers of Poznan RECORD, I watched the faithful workers puppet of the Soviet Union, backed the ag­ are underpaid and underfed for their pursuing their nightly tasks. I know gression which launched the Korean war -in forced labors in behalf of the Russian that I speak for all the Members when I June 1950; took up arms against the people and Chinese military preparations. The say that we deeply appreciate this great and government of the Republic of Korea and their United Nations defenders, resulting in farmer Pi:ime Minister of Free Poland, service. It is unfortunate, however, that the killing of hundreds of thousands of Mr. Stanislau Mikolajczyk, has stated we do not always fully recognize the ef­ American, Korean, and allied personnel, with that out of the 100,000 political pris­ fort that goes into providing us with the m1llions more casualties among the wounded oners and 300,000 persons in forced RECORD at our morning coffee. The sig­ and homeless, for which acts of international labor camps, a mere 26,000 were re .. nificance of things done for us without banditry this same Red regime in China was leased under the so-called recent scrutiny is often _overloo).{ed. NQw that branded an aggressor by the United Nations; amnesty. this Congress is drawing to a close, I Recognizing further that this Red regime think it is appropriate to express our in China still holds as prisoners in its bloody ·The manipulation of taxes by the Com .. hands the people and area of North Korea, munists in Poznan has kept the people thanks for a job well done. and still holds, in violation of its specific barely existing. A resu.It of the June 28 I have just learned· that this job was pledges and all standards of international riot has caused the government to initi.. not done so well some years ago. I dis­ law and decency numbers of American citi­ ate a supposed ''tax reform" measure to covered that it was not until 1860 that zens and those of other free nations; and refund taxes to certain workers. It is no Congress authorized the establishment that this Red regime is still an aggressor be­ wonder that one of the reasons for the of an official printing office to produce fore the United Nations and before the bar of public opinion of all freedom-loving peo­ uprising was 'the fantastic prices where printing and binding for the Senate and ples of the. world; shoes cost one-half to one-third of a House of Representatives, the executive And recognizing further that this same ag­ month's wages, a pound of butter one­ and judicial departments, and the Court gressor regime in Red China for years has half day's wages, a suit of utility cloth'.es of Claims.- Prior to that time, the Con .. been, and still is, seeking admission to mem­ a month's wages.' It has been said that gress employed the contract system of bership in the United Nations, without hav­ workers of the Communist countries can printing and.much corruption and graft ing _in any way so altered its behavior as to 14312 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 24 demonstrate itself qualified and eligible un­ eign Economic Policy assumes an even interview with Mr. Lincoln, and in the der the provisions of the United Nations gieater importance. The responsible of­ course of the conversation said~ "Mr. charter: ficials in the administration could do no Lincoln, don't you think I am: entitled Therefore, we who believe in liberty, jus­ better than to give the Bolling subcom­ to this appointment because of the tre­ tice, and international morality pledge to mendous effort I made in your behalf?" oppose by all political, diplomatic, economic, mittee report the closest study. I urge, and other ethical means in our power the too, that my colleagues in the Congress Mr. Lincoln replied: "Yes, of course you admission to membership in the United Na­ acquaint themselves with the conclusions are, but the trouble is I have very little tions of the Red regime in China. . We pledge of this highly significant report. 'l'bere influence with my administration." to bring to bear upon our representatives in is much to be learned from it. I will be gieatly surprised if the ad­ the executive branch, the Congress, and the ministration does not make gieater United Nations, our opinion that such ad­ blunders before and after the Republi­ mission of Red China would be in violation of every principle upon which the United can convention. Republican Members of Nations was founded and for which it should Harold Stassen Congiess are out on a limb now in the stand; would in effect greatly increase the Wheat Belt, through the activities of prestige and the political capabilities of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS Secretary Benson, and this Stassen Communist bloc in that organization and OJ' statement has added further resentment throughout the world; and would discredit in many sections of the country. I do not that organization and greatly diminish its HON. USHER L. BURDICK know what will come next, but the ad­ potentialities as an instrument of peace, Justice, and international security. OF NORTH DAKOTA ministration is abundantly able to make IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES more contributions to the Democratic Tuesday, July 24, 1956 cause. Defense Essentiality and Foreign Eco­ Mr. BURDICK. Mr. Speaker, well, it looks like NIXON for Vice President. The The Chaplain's Prayers nomic Policy outburst of Stassen against NIXON came at the right time and everything worked out well, except probably Herter, of Mas­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS EXTENSION OF REMARKS OJ' OF sachusetts, was hurt by the Stassen blast. Mr. Herter is in no worse position than HON. CHARLES B. HOEVEN HON. HERMAN P. EBERHARTER was Queen Elizabeth, when she offered OF IOWA OF PENNSYLVANIA up a prayer,, "God save me from my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVF.s IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends." The final result will be that NIXON has just about cinched the spot. Tuesday, July 24, 1956 Tuesday, July 24, 1956 · You would think that Stassen was the Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, I an. de­ Mr. EBERHARTER. Mr. Speaker, in great Grecian oracle of American poli­ lighted that House Resolution 439 was the pressure of work and time that at­ tics. But when we examine Stassen's adopted in the House of Representatives tends the rush to adjournment of the background and take into consideration on July 2, 1956. It provides that the Congress, it is not possible always to the fact that he speaks from a very sub­ prayers offered by the Chaplain, the pause and take cognizance of the reports ordinate position in the Republican Reverend Bernard Braskamp, doctor of filed by our various committees on stu­ Party, his statement will not do any divinity, at the opening of the daily ses­ dies that they have undertaken. For convincing except to convince the people sions of the House of Representatives of this reason, I should like to call atten­ that Stassen is all washed up politically. the United States from January 3, 1953, tion to the distinguished and excellent I doubt very much whether Stassen was to the end of the 84th Congiess be printed report on Defense Essentiality and For­ the real author of the move. It might as a House document, and that 2,000 eign Economic Policy just issued by the be that the enemies of NIXON were look­ additional copies be printed and bound Joint .Economic Committee. This report ing around to find someone weak enough for the use of the House of Representa­ was printed as a Senate document and, politically-where he could not be hurt­ tives, to be distributed by the Chaplain therefore, may escape the attention of to send up this trial balloon and see what of the House of Representatives. Members of this Bouse. Yet the sub­ the reaction was. The reaction was in­ · Mr. Speaker, I would like to add to the committee was composed of Members stantaneous and indicated clearly that remarks which I made in this Chamber from both the House and the Senate Republicans, generally, resented this .so­ on February 1, 1950, shortly after Dr. and, indeed, the chairman of the sub­ called unofficial intrusion. Bernard Braskamp was unanimously committee that issued the report is the If the administration knew of this elected by the Democrats and the Repub­ young, dynamic, and very able Congress­ blast and O. K.'d it, it can now deny that licans as the Chaplain of the House. of man from _Missouri, RICHARD BOLLING. this was their trial balloon and Mr. Stas­ Representatives. Dr. Braskamp, since This unanimous Te port on Defense Es­ sen may be dismissed for speaking out his retirement from the active pastorate sentiality and Foreign Economic Policy of turn. If he is retained, it will be pre­ in 1952, holds the distinction of being was the product of a careful study of the sumptive proof that the administration the first chaplain in the history of the broad issue of defense essentiality as the was not altogether innocent. United States Congress to make the rationale for restricting imports. In There are many figures in the admin­ chaplaincy a full-time ministry. addition, as a case study, the committee istration who are not sold on NIXON. His so-called congressional parish took a long look at our import policy with When the parity for farm prices was numbers more than 3,000 for he seeks respect to Swiss watches. A major con­ being scuttled by Benson, NIXON took a to make his ministry as chaplain avail­ clusion of the subcommittee is: stand for the farmers and this nettled able not only to the 435 Representatives Protection of the watch industry by trade quite a number of the Cabinet. You will and their families but also to the ofilcers, restrictions in the name of defense is un­ remember that the Cabinet was called secretaries, clerks, pages, and all the em­ warranted because first, it will not be effec­ together and O. K.'d the Benson plan ployees on the House side of the Capitol. tive in preserving the domestic industry, .and right in the face of the recommendations In the volume of prayers -Offered by Dr. second, it represents an undue burden on being made by NIXON. I would not be a Braskamp at the opening of the daily other industries as well as consumers. The bit surprised but what this Stassen out­ burden on other industries and on the trade burst was premeditated on the part of sessions of the House of Representatives of the free world will detract from national from February l, 1950, to the close of the security. those in the Cabinet who feel they can­ 82d Congress, and printed as House Doc­ not rely on or handle NIXON. ument No. 458, we find this introductory I have consistently felt that the 1954 I do not think the President knew .any­ statement by Speaker RAYBURN: increase of 50 percent in Swiss watch thing about it for he is not very close Dr. Braskamp has been Chaplain of the tariffs was unwarranted and prejudi­ to the administration. The President House of Representatives since 1950, follow­ cial to our national interest. Now that is in the same position President Lincoln ing 40 years of service as pastor of churches a review o.f the effects of that decision. was in when a man who had labored in the Washington, D. C., area. His prayers is about to be completed and its findings night and .day in Ohio for the election before the House have been fervent and submitted to the President, this docu­ of Mr. Lincoln asked for a job. This inspiring, giving impulse to the sacredness of ment on Defense Essentiality and For- man .came to Washington .and had an duty-in the public-service. Their devotional 1956 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 14313 value is almost as great in the cold page of engineers, who will direct work on both cle.arly demonstrates the need for an print as in the House itself. Dr. Braskamp of these projects, have investigated additional new airport when compared enjoys in notable degree the respect and affection of the entire membership of the thoroughly the mechanics of· construe.. with other airports throughout the coun­ House, to whom he is a counsellor, friend, tion, the feasibility and desirability of try where a higher volume of traffic is and brother. In publishing this volume of their completion. Authorization was a being handled, if not easily, at least his prayers, we feel we are rendering a public firm step in the right direction toward without any great complaint or clamor service and commend them to good people establishment of two facilities of great for the expenditure of millions of dollars everywhere. value to people of the Second District in to build additional airport facilities. Mr. Speaker, I am confident all of the the State of Washington. Members of the House concur with you in this expression of your high esteem for our Chaplain. Special Legislative Analysis of Record of Washington National Is Not ihe Busiest Hon. Coya Knutson, of Minnesota Airport in the Nation-It Is the Ninth Busiest EXTENSION OF REMARKS H. R. 12080 OF EXTENSION OF REMARKS EXTENSION OF REMARKS HON. HAROLD D. COOLEY OF OF OF NORTH CAROLINA HON. JACK WESTLAND HON. CLAIR ENGLE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF WASHINGTON OF CALIFORNIA Tuesday, July 24, 1956 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, by ap­ Tuesday, July 24, 1956 Tuesday, July 24, 1956 propriate action, the House Committee on Agriculture was created more than Mr. WESTLAND. Mr. Speaker, under Mr. ENGLE. Mr. Speaker, from all 125 years ago. Many distinguished men leave to extend my remarks in the REC­ the newspaper clamor about air conges­ have served on that great committee ORD, I would like to say a few words about tion and the requirement of a new airport during the time that it has functioned as the authorization of two much-needed at Burke, you would think that Wash:. a vital part of the legislative machinery projects in my congressional district. ington National was the busiest airport of our Congress. O.ur able and beloved When the House passed H. R. 12080 on in this country and in the world. The colleague, Mrs. CoYA KNuTsoN, of Minne .. Monday, it authorized the construction fact is that it is ninth. F_ollowing is a sota, is the first and only woman ever to of rivers and harbors projects, navigation _ list of the 10 busiest airports in the be assigned to membership on the House and fiood-control projects, and repairs United States, which, of course, means Committee on Agriculture. Having and preservation of public works. the world, for the calendar year 1955 on served on that committee for more than Included in this bill were two projects the basis of the number of operations 22 years, I have seen many members which I introduced to the Congress, the handled by the control tower: come and go. Most of the Members of Port Townsend Harbor project, a $387, .. Total operations the House who have been assigned to 000 Government Jnvestment plus local [Itinerant and local] that committee have been devoted capital, and the Sammamish River fiood .. 1. Chicago, Ill. (Midway)------381, 737 friends of agriculture, but I can truth .. control prpject, to cost $825,000 in Gov­ 2. Miami, Fla------276, 729 fully say that no one with whom I have ernment funds plus local capital. 3. New York, N. Y ------266, 058 served has been more devoted to the 4. Los Angeles, Calif------263, 516 . Authorization of the long-sought Port 5. Atlanta, Ga______246, 709 cause of agriculture nor more dedicated Townsend Harbor iinprovement project 6. Denver, Colo______239, 861 to public service than the distinguished will provide a stimulus to the develop­ 7. Charleston, S. C------229, 557 Congresswoman, Mrs. CoYA KNUTSON. ment of the fisheries and other marine 8. Cleveland, Ohio ______226, 768 Nor do I know of any Member of Con.. industries of Port Townsend, a town lo­ 9. Washington, D. C------225, 914 gress who has made more friends during cated on the Olympic Peninsula in the 10. Teterboro, N. J ______221, 637 the brief time that she has served as a Second . Congressional District. This It will be observed that the number of Member of this House nor one who is constructive step toward a start on this landings and takeoffs from the Chicago held in higher esteem than this great and project will encourage the investment of Midway Airport is half again more op­ good public servant, Mrs. KNUTSON. private enterprise in development of erations than occurred at Washington Mrs. KNUTSON has faithfully and diJi .. fishing supply and other terminal fa­ National. As far as I know, there have gently and with competence and ability cilities. Completion of the project will been no loud demands for a new airport performed the duties of every assign­ enable Port Townsend to participate in at Chicago. If Washington on the basis ment. She has been regular in attend.. the commercial fishing industry to a of its alleged congestion is entitled to a ance and constant in attention to the greater extent, and to capitalize on its new $75 million airport, then what about many matters of importance which she geographical proximity to the fishing the other eight cities in the United has been required to consider. I am grounds of Puget Sound. Local interests States where the traffic actually exceeds personally grateful to Mrs. KNUTSON for have pledged full economic cooperation that at Washington National? the splendid manner in which she has with this project. DOES NOT CHICAGO HAVE PRIORITY FOR NEW cooperated with me and other members The Sammamish River fiood-control AIRPORT? in· the work of our committee. Inci­ project will be of inestimable value to dentally, Mr. Speaker, more than 800 the area northeast of the city of Seattle. It would appear that these cities should bills have been referred by you to our The expanding residential districts of - be given a priority ahead of Washington, committee during the present term of this growing city are pushing ever north­ D. c., and, if we vote to build a new Congress which is now ending, and not ward. Stabilization of the river runoff airport for the city of Washington at a single one of these bills has been neg­ will provide building sites for diversifica­ Burke, how can we legitimately on the lected nor ignored. Mrs. KNUTSON has tion of light industries and for residen­ basis of safety and congestion of air won the affection of all of her colleagues, tial construction. In addition, valuable traffic deny similar treatment to other and she is worthy of the faith and the truck farm acreage will be protected from cities throu~hout ~he Nation? ' confidence of the people of her district. periodic fiooding which has destroyed FRIENDSHIP AmPORT To the end that I might know how Mrs. crops in the past. This project has the There is a splendid airport at Friend­ KNUTSON'S record in Congress might pe support of several small towns in the ship in Maryland, which is not being appraised by one of the great farm or.. area and full financial participation by used very extensively. It would seem ganizations of the Nation, I obtained local groups has been assured. appropriate under the circumstances to from the Farmers' Union a copy of a It is my hope that Congress can appro .. seriously consider using Friendship to special legislative analysis of Mrs. Kmrr­ priate the needed funds next session so take the strain off. of Washington Na­ soN's record as that record is analyzed the orderly construction of these projects tional, if there is a strain, until such and appraised by the officials of that can proceed. The United States Army time as Washington National more farm organization. I take pleasure in 14314 GONGRESSIONAL R.J;!CORD- HOUSE July 24 sµbmitting for the RECORD - this special . ·Mrs. ,KNuTsoN's record in favor of. family sults of the election wer~ in Mrs. KNUTSON farmers is one of the best in the 84th Con­ turned to her next determination; to get legislative analysis which also contains gress. Her record speaks for itself. She has assigned to the House Agriculture Commit­ other comments and commendations, to­ tj.one an outstanding job in not only repre­ tee. That's a neat political trick as every gether with statements made on several senting the farmers of her area but all the ¥~mber from a iarm district is waiting in occasions by Mrs. KNUTSON, which indi­ family farmers of the Nation. line. Her .Republican predecessor never cate that she is a true and devoted public · In addition to Mrs. KNUTSON'S voting rec­ made it. She .did. • • • One thing that servant-a Member of Congress who has ord on certain key bills, excerpts from some :Qelped Mrs. KNUTSON get the assignment a record of which she may justly be ol her speeches and remarks taken from was her campaign favoring full price sup­ proud: newspaper articles written about her are ports for farmers. (She is the first woman included in this analysis. to serve on this committee.) SPECIAL LEGISLATIVE ANALYSIS MEMORANDUM, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD AND REPORT ON CON­ Mrs. KNUTSON is 42 years of age. She is a farm girl from North Dakota who migrated GRESSWOMAN COYA KNUTSON (Fro~ the St. Paul· (Minn.) Pioneer Press) across the line to Minnesota at an early age. In furtherance of our program of keeping MRS. KNUTSON To FIG~T FOR PROPS you informed of the voting record and legis­ Farm wife, schoolteacher, State legislator­ that's CoYA as she is called by her friends. Representative CoTA KNUTSON, Democrat, lative contributions of Members of Congress, Farmer-Labor, Oklee, the first woman elected we are including here the-record of Mrs. COYA Now it's Congresswoman-Mrs. KNUTSON has to Congress from Minnesota, said Monday KNUTSON, Congresswoman from -the Ninth voted for and initiated many bills in the 84th her legislative work will be aimed at giving Distric_t of Minnesota, which c9mprises the Congress in behalf of the family farmers of fa:rmers high price supports and the Red north~est tier of . counties in Minnesota. this Nation. River Valley improved flood control • • • "The farmers elected me, so my chi~f con­ Voting Record-Congressional Record of R epresentative Goya Knutson Democrat-Farmer­ cern will be their interests." Mrs. KNUTSON Labor, of Oklee, Minn., Ninth District oJ Minnesota, elected to 84th C~ng., Nov. 2, 1954 told the Pioneer Press.

For Against (From the Kansas City Star] FARM INCOME AN ISSUB 1. To remove peanuts from list of basic crops (H. R.12)------__ x 2. 90 percent farm price supports (H. R. 12) _ _ _ __ ------.x-- Mrs. COYA KNUTSON, a. fledgling in politics 3. Social security amendments improving certain goodfeatures_(H_ii _72255------x who last-year pried a Republican from his 12 oi. Raise minimum wages ______·___ ·_ ------x years tenure as Representative from the rural 'fi. Exempt natural gas c~mpanies f!om public utility regulation (H. R. -0045f_-_::=:::::::::::::::::: ------___ X__ _ Minnesota congressional district, thinks the 6. Public works appropriations, r~ISing funds for Atomic Energy Commission TVA Interior De- issue on which she waged her campaign will partment, Federal power proJects (H. R. 6766)------~-----:______x 7. Housing A;ct of 1955 (S. 2126) renewing farm housing loan program______x elect a lot more Democrats in 1956. That 8. Small Busmess Committee funds-to continue its investigations of monopolies (H R 299) X issue is outlined as the welfare of the farm­ 9. To override President's veto of farm bill of 1956 (H. R. 12) _ ___ · · • ------x ing segment of the American economy. 10. Agricultural Act of 1956 (soil bank)------.------:___ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: x Mrs. KNUTSON, who was in Kansas City to­ day for a 7-State coriference of Democratic ATTlTUDE TOWARD FARM LEGISLATION "The farm program must begin with the women at the.Hotel President was voluble on the subject she said was closest to her Here is what Drew Pearson had" to say 1n family farm; that the program should not aid the factory in the field type of farming h,eart. "If the farmers don't have buying his column in January 1955: power," Mrs. KNUTSON said, "our small com­ · "Mrs. CoYA KNuTSON, freshman Congress­ for, except in a few specialized operations, there are no values for the Nation in sub­ munities will dry up in a big hurry. Why, woman from Minnesota, hardly had time to in my State alone, in one. section, an auc­ get settled in Washington when she received stituting a hired labor agriculture for the independent family farm; that specific em­ tioneer had 200 farms to auction lined up this note from her 15-year-old son, Terry, a for this fall. Of course, they are not all fore­ student at Oklee High School: 'Hurry up and phasis must be placed upon the development of our smaller farms into adequate units closures, by any means, but it is a big turn­ do something, Mom. Folks back here sure over for a section. The thing is .alarming. axe relying on you.'"' with resources sufficient for economic pro­ duction and that the rights of tenants as I am an advocate," Mrs. KNUTSON continued The reporter said: "Mrs. KNUTSON'S 275,000 "of the save the family type of farm, whe~ constituents can relax. The lady from Min­ well as those of landowning farmers must be protected. Steps mutit be taken to pro­ the farmers may nave sutncient income to nesota began talking about the downward r~ise his children in the midst of his acres." trend of farm prices the moment she hit tect the income of family farms at full town and doesn't intend to stop until she parity return-s on their production, with has everybody from President Eisenhower the benefits of such income and price pro­ (From the Newport (Va.) News) tection limited to the output level of the down to and including Capitol page boys MINNESOTAN ls FARMER'S ADVOCATE ON CAPITOL alerted to the situation. 'If you knew the family type farm. Therefore appropriate steps should be taken immediately toward HILL prices my dairy and grain farmers are get­ After delivering a speech in Minnesota ting in the present market you'd be shocked,' the drafting and enactment of a family farm program for ·agriculture. H several months ago, former President Harry she says. 'I ·campaigned almost entirely on Truman was greeted by Representative COTA that issue and I'm going to continue cam­ KNUTSON, Democrat, of Minnesota. "I am paigning here in Washington.' Before get­ [From the Willmar (Minn.) Tribune) very happy that you stressed so much the ting into politics, Mrs. KNUTSON farmed and COYA CHAMPIONING FAMILY SIZED FARM ~ubject of the farm family," she exclaimed. taught school. During the last campaign CoYA, you should be happy," cracked Tru­ a farm-labor leader introduced her as fol­ Representative CoYA KNUTSON, Democrat, (Minnesota) told the closing dinner of the man, "I took most of it .from your farm lows: 'Many an early morning I have seen speech." Pr~sid~nt Truman wasn't kidding. Coya on the south forty running a tr.actor Minnesota Federation of Business and Pro­ fessional Women's Clubs Saturday night the And he isn't the only politician who recog­ or climbing a barbed wire fence. What's nized the astounding talents of COTA KNUT­ more, she did it like a lady.',. family type farm ls the country's most im­ portant agricultural unit. SON, a farm gal who can dazzle city and - "Farm products must be supported at par­ Croperty fioor managers for the conference committee city workers, and small-business men. She in that State. (Same bill as H. R. 7386 for on this important legislation. has opposed the giveaway programs of water July 14, 1955, with Red Lake Tribe left out.) FARM CREDIT power sites, illegal power contracts, our for­ H. R. 11033, May 7, 1956: A bill relating to ests, rangelands, and parks. She has sup­ the management of the Red Lake Indian Congrei;swoman KNUTSON has worked very Forest and sawmill. hard and very effectively in securing liberaliz­ ported appropriations to provide for ade­ ing amendments to present farm-credit legis­ quate defense programs and foreign economic . H. R. 6104, May 9, 1955: A bill to declare -and technical assistance in the di1ti.cult times that the United States holds certain lands in lation. She introduced H. R. 3874 in 1955 we face. and H. R. 11032 in 1956. In the House-passed trust for the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe bill several of the features she sponsored were (White Earth Indian Reservation). BILLS INTRODUCED BY CONGRESSWOMAN COTA included, which is further evidence of the KISCELLANEOUS dlligence Mrs. KNUTSON employs in working KNUTSEN, NINTH DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA for the Interest of the family-type farmers. AGRICULTURE H. R. 463-0, March 3, 1955: Passed under her Of particular importance at this time is the H. R. 3780, February 8. 1955: A blll to state name. A bill to extend the time for com­ expanded authority provided in the new leg­ explicitly the long-standing national policy mencing and completing the construction of islation for refinancing of existing indebted­ to preserve and strengthen the family-farm a toll bridge across the Rainy River at or near ness. American agriculture. Baudette, Minn. SCHOOL LUNCH-DAmT H. R. 3781, February 8, 1959: A bill to re­ H. R. 6265, May 16, 1955: A bill to authorize Mrs. KNUTSON introduced H. R. 7762 to peal section 348 of the Agricultural Act of the coinage of 50-cent pieces to commemorate amend the School-Lunch Act so as to au­ 1938. (Repeal of Holland amendment). the centennial of the admission of the State thorize assistance to the States in furnishing (Passed.) of Minnesota into the Union. · H. R. 3782, February 8, 1955. A bill to two half pints of milk a day to school chil­ H. R. 10127, March 21, 1956: A bill to amend dren. The farm in which the legislation amend the Agricultural Act of 1949 (100 per­ cent parity bill). the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1944 to pro­ passed the House did not provide for all the vide for an addition to the National System good features of her bill; howe-ver, the ap­ H. R. 3783, February 8, 1955: A blll to con­ propriation for this program, in which she tinue through December 31, 1957, the exist­ of Interstate Highways. (Through Michigan, had a leading part, was increased from $50 ing method of computing parity prices for Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Mon­ mlllion to $75 million a year. basic agricultural commodities. tana, and Idaho, and ending in Everett, H. R. 3784, February 8, 1955: A bill to FAMILY FARM PROGRAM FOR AGRICULTURE Wash.) This would be highway No~ 2 in our amend the act of August 28, 1937, to provide district. On July 16, 1956, t.he Subcommittee on additional credit facilities for !arm enlarge­ H. R. 10128, March 21, 1956: A bill to amend Family Farms, of which Congresswoman ment and development and to assist begin­ KNUTSON is a member, is holding hearings ning farmers to become fann owners. (Be­ the Railroad Retirement Act of 1937 to pro­ on Government policy relating to family­ ginning farmers credit.) (Passed.) vide increases in benefits. Committee on type farming. Mrs. KNUTSON introduced H. R. 3785, February 8, 1955: A bill to pro­ Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H. R. 3780 which would state explicitly the . vide for a stockpiling an adequate national long-standing national policy to preserve safety reserve of food and fiber. This memorandum indicates the un­ family-type farming as the basis of Ameri· H. R. 5408, March 31, 1955: A bill to amend tiring and continuing efforts of another can agriculture. and extend the Sugar Act of 1948 as amend­ one of our fine Representatives in Con­ The subcommittee held grassroots hearings ed. (Passed.) gress. Mrs. KNUTSON'S record speaks for around the country in the fall of 1955. The H. R. 6203, May 12, 1955: Passed July 2, in report of the subcommittee contained the 1956, a bill to amend section 406 of Federal itself just as it effectively speaks out following recommendations: ·· seed Act. support of family farmers and all fair­ 1. Support at full parity the production of H. R. 7762, July 30, 1955: A bUl to amend minded citizens throughout the United average family farmers who agree to coop- the National School Lunch Act so as to a~- States. · 14316 CONGRESSIONAL REC0R-D - · HOUSH July 24· ·The· Dominican-Republic · tem. Of. particular interest ~Q me, as a Today. Mexico. stands among the , member of the House Un-American Ac­ forefront of the _ democracies. It is tivities Committee, is the fact that in one of our. stanchest allies in the de­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS 1947 the Dominican Republic outlawed fense of freedom and human dignity. o:r the Communist Party. Recognizing Each year we watch with pleasure as our HON. B. W. (PAT) KEARNEY communism to be the greatest problem sister republic grows economic_ally more confronting the free world, the Domini­ prosperous and politically more stable, OF NEW YORK cans share our concern over the Red and increasingly able to defend ·the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES menace and have maintained a policy human rights and freedoms we both Tuesday, July 24, 1956 of continuing vigilance. cherish. It is only fitting that we in the Mr. KEARNEY. Mr. Speaker, it is ex­ The soundness of the program of re­ United ·States join with our neighbors pected that this year larger numbers of forms initiated and carried through un­ in Mexico in paying tribute to the brave United States citizens than ever in his­ der the tireless resourcefulness of Gen­ leaders of Mexican independence. In tory will discover for themselves the eralissimo Trujillo may be measured so doing, may we rededicate our own ef­ charm and beauty of the Dominican Re· qualitatively in the soundness of his forts to the service of the great prin­ public, that small country to the south country's economy. Looking back over ciples for which our heroes, north and of us which was our loyal ally in war and the history of the past 26 years in the south of the Rio Grande, gave battle. has proved a cooperative and unde­ Dominican Republic we se11se a quality manding friend in peace. at work which might be called a sort of I would like to take this opportunity starch in the moral fiber of a nation. to applaud the courage and resourceful-· It .is this quality which helped our fore­ Gangster Slayings ness of our neighbors in the Dominican fathers turn a wilderness into the United Republic. Few nations in the world States of America, and which has in EXTENSION OF REMARKS have put the past 26 years to such phe­ turn helped the small Republic to our OF nomenal use. Today visitors may ob­ south turn from the brink of national serve how Ciudad Trujillo, the capital disaster to build a new way of life. HON. E. L. FORRESTER city, combines the clean lines of modern OF GEORGIA architecture in its public edifices with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Spanish style of its beautiful old buildings, many of which have no earlier Mexican Independence Tuesday, July 24, 1956 counterpart_s in the Western Hemi­ Mr. FORRESTER. Mr. Speaker, the sphere. But they will see no traces of EXTENSION OF REMARKS Washington Daily News of Saturday, the desolation which swept this small o:r July 21, 1956, contained on its front page nation in the year 1930, and without HON. JOHN D. DINGELL the f oll<~wihg news iteni: some knowledge of the problems our CHI<'.AG'o Fnms THIRD ·GANO VI~ good neighbors confronted and solved, OF MICHIGAN CHICAGO, July 21.-The body of a hoodlum, we have no measure of the vastness of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thomas Kaska.S, 36, bearing knife and bullet their achievements. Tuesday, July 24, 1956 wounds, and showing signs of torture, was In 1930 a tropical hurricane laid waste found on the West Side today. i:t was Chi­ to the country -only 2 weeks after Gen. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, on cago's third gang slaying in recent days. Rafael Leonidas Trujillo took ofiice. September 16 in Mexico, from the lux­ Authorities said Kaskas apparently had In addition to the burden of a country uriant tropical coastline to the snow­ been tortured for days before he was killed. which had neither a central sewerage capped mountain peaks, church bells The body clad only in undershorts, was found · system nor a satisfactory water distribu­ will peal and firecrackers illuminate the in an alley. His wrists and ankles were skies. Shouts of "Viva Mexico! Viva trussed and his mouth sealed with adhesive tion, he was faced with responsibility tape. for a population which appeared des­ la independencia ! " will ring out in city tined to fall prey to plague, physical and village as the Mexican people com­ In two short paragraphs, the news­ starvation, and even greater deprivation memorate their independence day with a paper article disposes of a barbarous and of the spirit-hopelessness and igno­ mixture of solemnity·and joy. diabolical murder as could be committed. rance. At that time, for the ordinary In the 18th and early 19th century, It is significant that there is no demand citizen, educational opportunities were Spain had tried to suppress in its Mex­ that the FBI move in or that the mili­ almost entirely nonexistent. ican colony the revolutionary principles tary be sent to Chicago. I have patiently In 1956-the Dominican Republic of the rights of man. But all the force waited to see if any pressure organiza­ through Government-sponsored pro­ and terror mustered by the Spanish tions would become interested, on the grams has cleared land for agriculture, Crown could not hold back the ideas of theory that Kaskas had been denied his established huge irrigation projects, and liberty and equality. Brave men se­ civil rights, but it seems that no pres­ puts a large percentage of national agri­ cretly continued to circulate books by sure group is interested. I certainly cultural resources to gainful use. From the French philosophers and news of the would not contend that Kaskas was killed a bare subsistence level Dominican en­ experiment in.self-government going on because of his religion, for I feel certain terprise now feeds its people well and north of the border in the former British that his assassins know nothing whatso­ exports large quantities of many foods. colonies. On September 16, 1810, Miguel ever about the Christian religion. Nev­ Industry is organized in an attempt to Hidalgo, the parish priest in the small ertheless, the right to live is a very pre­ use domestic materials in products for town of Dolores, launched a movement cious civil right. Undoubtedly his kill­ local consumption; foreign and public ·for independence that was to spread ing was the result of a conspiracy con­ debt has been eliminated and the cur­ throughout this whole rich Spanish pos­ tinuing over many days, over which pe­ rency of the country is on a par with the session. Padre Hidalgo, a white-haired, riod the man was tortured. Then too, it dollar. green-eyed, scholarly priest, called to the is highly probable that this killing and Advances in the economic life and people to revolt against their oppressors the other killings referred to as having agriculture of the Republic have been and himself led them on their march to occurred "in recent days". involved State . matched by similar advances in the the capital. governmental action. We all know that fields of education, government and cul­ Several months later, Hidalgo was cap­ gangster slayings are as much a part ture. Compulsory education is in -effect. tured and executed by a firing squad. of Chicago as the Wrigley Building or Modern hospitals are now staffed with But the determination to resist tyranny Comiskey Park, dating back beyond the professional people, many of them edu­ which he had kindled in the hearts of his days of Al Capone and his gang and suc­ cated entirely in Dominican schools­ fellow Mexicans burned on brightly after cessors. Anyone knows that this could such as for example the University of his death. And although 11 years not have existed over the years without Santo Domingo, a university which has passed before Mexico finally gained its the assistance of persons connected with a rich tradition dating to the year 1538. , independence, it is Hidalgo who bears the enforcement of the law in the city of Housing projects flourish as: does a title of "father of independence" and . Chicago. That the gangsters have been magnificent palace of fine arts. Domini­ September 16 the day which all Mexico protected by some officials in that city can citizens have a social security sys- sanctifies. has·been contended many times over the CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD - - .HOUSE'.

years, and certainly With· suostance. -As REcoR-n a. statement I have prepared forthcoming retirement win become effective a matter of fact, an article from Spring­ concerning the f orihcomiilg retirement on the 48th anniversary of that day. field, Ill., states that Orville E.' Hodge, of George W. Combs, of the Baltimore· Looking -back. to that- first day, Colonel State auditor, was probably connected· Sunpapers. · · Combs can -recall that he had been hited to with southern Illinois' racketeers and work in the Washington office of the Sun­ There being no objection, the state.. papers as' a clerk to take advertisements, ar­ gamblers in extensive business deals as ment was ordered to be printed in the range for subscriptions and sell papers over well as personal relationships, and prob­ RECORD, as follows: the counter for a penny apiece. ably Hodge embezzled $800,000 to repay REMARKS ON FORTHCOMING RETIREMENT OF ·His first contact-with a big news story came gangster associates. GEORGE W. CO?i.IBS, OF THE BALTIMORE SUN• about 3 weeks later, when he witnessed the Every now and then a murder is com­ PAPERS, BY SENATOR J~ GLENN BEALL, 01' first airplane crash in which a member of the mitted in the South while murders in MARYLAND . Armed Forces was killed. Chicago are daily occurrences, and are It is with mixed emotions that I make the Another statr member of the Sunpapers murders utterly without provocation and first public announcement of a matter which covered the event, however, and it was not. the result of abandoned and malignant is of interest to all of us. until about 16 yea:rs later that Colonel Combs hearts, coolly planned and executed. It First there is sadness, because a good friend was transferred from business to newsgath­ Will soon sever his long and close connection· ering activities. is strange that thousands have not pa­ with this body to go into well-earned retire­ In the meantime, he had established con­ raded the streets in Chicago about the·se ment. tact with Washington's political life, and had killings, as they did in the Till case in However, there is also a certain sense of even been appointed to jobs at two pres1-· Mississippi. In the Till case, according satisfaction at this time--the satisfaction dential inaugurations. to the newspapers, young Till's father we all receive from seeing a job well done. The first was in 1909, .when President Taft was hung for rape overseas, of white The job in this case has been the trying took office. . women. True, that was not chargeable task of reporting accurately on the complex Colonel Combs was supposed to accompany to young Till. Yet one must consider the matters which confront our Congress. the Chief Executive as a mounted aide but, atmosphere young Till was reared in. If If ever a man has deserved a sincere "well according to the colonel, "There waa so much these gangster mµrderers are ever appre­ done" for having accomplished that job to slushy snow on the streets that I didn't hended and convicted, which everyone perfection, it is George W. CoJnbs--"Colonel moun~ and I . didn't aid." seriously doubts, it is doubtful that they Combs"-of the Baltimore Sunpapers. President Wilson was more fortunate in It distressed me to learn that Colonel obtaining the services of Colonel Combs. will be men decorated for valor on the Combs will retire next month after 48 years Having been appointed an active member· battlefields as were the alleged killers of of outstanding service with the Sunpapers, of the Public Order Committee for the Wu-· young Till, and it is doubtful that these but instead of thinking today of what we will son ceremonies, Colonel Combs found the gangsters have any impulses of patri­ lose when he leaves, let us consider the more inauguration-day weather to his liJting and otism whatsoever. According to the pleasant side of the situation-what we have served as "a sort of one-day policeman." newspapers and magazines, young Till gained as a direct result of his career. M\lch closer contacts were formed by: forcibly embraced the wife of one of our. Basically, the good that has resulted from Colonel Combs, with other Presidents; and World War TI heroes, made her an inde­ the service of Colonel Combs has been· most Mr. Coolidge, .Mr. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, cent proposal, and added insult by say­ important in three areas. and Mr. Truman were all on first-name terms. The foremost contribution of this veteran with him. ing, "I have had white women before in newspaperman, of course, has beeri his day­ Mr. Roosevelt frequently asked the colonel Chicago." Whether Till told the truth by-day work. about upcoming parties at the National Press· about. certain white women in Chicago As a result of his consistently excellent re­ Club, and Mr. Truman went out of his way will be left for Chicagoans to decide. porting, milli~ms of newspaper readers have to greet his Sunpapers friend at public Evidently young Till was boasting over received factual and understandable infor­ events. what he had been permitted to do in mation on the most complicated issues of Another official who was a close friend of Chicago. If the men charged with kill­ our time, and his byline has become synony­ Colonel Combs and who still maintain!! occa­ ing young Till actually did so, there was· mous with accuracy. sional correspondence with him is James certainly great provocation, while the Second, Colon.el Combs has achieved a Farley. gangsters cannot-claim that they killed goal which is sought by every man who is In the crowded Washington newspaper in defense of the honor of a good woman. dedicated to a specific endeavor. field, Colonel Combs .frequently got good He has lived with his profession and he stories first, because of his many friendships or because they were outraged by any has loved it, and he has left it a better pro­ and his untiring persistence. violation of decency. fession because. of the association. It was Colonel Combs, for instance, who I am not advocating sending the FBI When the principles of our treasured free­ let the Nation know that the prohibition or the military into Chicago. Illinois is dom of the press are questioned, it is men director was going to resign, and it was Colo­ a sovereign State, and I respect it as like Colonel Combs who represent the very nel Combs who broke the story about Frank­ such. Murder is certainly a crime to be strongest argument in support of the integ­ lin Roosevelt's "get acquainted" invitations handled by a State instead of the Federal rity of the fourth estate. to his new Congress. Government. I simply make this record He has followed the highest traditions of That latter story, incidentally, grew out of in order to show that hypocrisy is so his occupation an.d his career should be a one of the colonel's trips to my office, which prevalent in the field of civil rights. I. guide to those who would seek true success in was in the House of Representatives at that the field. time. wonder if the people wil~ not sometime There is also another realm in which· Spotting a letter from the White House on agree to leave the Southern States alone. Colonel Combs has left his mark in a special my desk, COionel Combs began to ask ques.. It is very disillusioning to have people in way. tions, and as usual~ got his story. States who are far inore guilty to be ad-. Right here in the Congr.ess, we members Colonel Combs, as I have indicated, has· vacating even the destruction of the have a deep, although usually silent, affec-. been more than just a good newspaperman. Constitution in order to pass punitive tion for the members of the press who under­ He has dedicated himself to his profes­ legislation against a certain section of stand our problems and help us to under- sion, and his interest has shown itself in this country. stand theirs. _ numerous ways, including his long service as I need only to say that Colonel Combs has an officer of the National Press Club. been one of our closest and truest friends. For approximately 18 years he has served To attempt to mention all of. the high­ on the club's board of directors. Forthcoming Retirement of George W. lights of Colonel Combs' career would obvi­ He has been elected treasurer each year ously be rather .ridiculous unless a man had for the past 14 years, and, although he wm Combs of the Baltimore Sunpaper1 a completely unlimited amount of time. retire from the Sunpapers next month, he I would, however, like to mention a few intends to serve out his present term of office EXTENSION OF REMARKS of the events connected with the colonel's with the Press Club. career. 01' I could speak for many hours about our Before I begin, though, k might be well to friend, but I am sure that his colleagues, HON. J. G°LENN BEALL mention that the tttle wbich he bears was as well as those of us here on the .fioor, realize bestowed on him by the Governor of his the work that lies ahead of all of us before OF MARYLAND native State, Kentucky. . . we adjourn. IN· THE SENATE OP ·TUE UNI'IEO STATES It has since become as much of a trade- Therefore, In behalf of all of us who have Tuesday, Juiy 24, 1956 ' mark for him aa his quick chuckle and bow· known arid respected Colonel Combs as a tie. friend and as a reporter, let me say simply Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, I ask unan- Colonel Combs started his association with·· that we thank him for what he has -done; lmous consent to have printed in. the the Sunpapers on August 21, 1908, and his and that we will miss him. 14318 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 24

Report on Farm Legisl~tion . administration done to help the lot of children in·56 . .000 schools are participat­ the farmer?" This accomplishme,:it ing 'in the program. The schools are could not have been effected had it not purchasing more than $350 million EXTENSION OF REMARKS been for passing th'is new law, and other worth of food this year-in addition to OJ' laws, that had never been thought of by the surplus foods donated to them by the HON. CHARLES W. VURSELL any administration in the past. United States Department of Agricul­ OF ILLINOIS HERE ARE SOME OF THE HIGHLIGHTS ture. SOIL BANK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, our exports are up 20 The soil bank is another major step in Tuesday, July 24, 1956 percent from last year. Corn and other feed grain exports up 84 percent-an coping with the surplus problem. It Mr. VURSELI.J. Mr. Speaker, today, all-time high record. is a frontal attack on the accumulated as this session of the Congress draws to Soybean exports up 30 percent-a new surpluses coupled with an effort to safe­ a close, I would like to br~efiy discuss the record. guard our soil and water resources for agricultural situation as we :find it. Soybean and cottonseed oil exports up future generations, and to improve farm I am happy to say that conditions are 52 percent-another record. income. much better than they were a year ago, Lard exports up 31 percent-:-t;tie larg­ I need not tell you, for you already and I want to point out some of .the ef-. est in the last 4 years. This is one of know, of tlie delay for months in the forts we have made, and some of the several reasons · hog prices have in­ soil bank program in the Senate, and the things we have accomplished which have creased from a low of $11 to $18 per monstrosity of the bill that finally came helped agriculture. While the farmer hundredweight. to the House of Representatives, and has not reached the point where he can Record exports of beans and vegetable then, there was further delay in the enjoy his full share of the present pros­ oils have been a keen factor in the high House before it wa& sent to the President perity of this country, his lot is better; farm prices for soybeans,-with a soybean for his signature. his prices are higher, and hi~ future is crop of 372 million bushels last year, President Eisenhower saved the day brighter. . . for the farmers when he courageously There are many of us here who had which yielded the farmers almost $1 bil­ the courage to pass legislation that would lion. Soybeans were selling as high as vetoed the worst farm bill that has been help remove the cause which was de­ $3.15, but I realize that recently soybeans passed in the Congress in the 14 years pressing the farmers' market. We who have dropped from the high, largely be­ I have been here. helped to remove this cause, rather than cause the acreage has been greatly in­ Had he not vetoed this bill, it would resort to political expediency, have creased for the 1956 crop, and that fear have shµt the door to permanent recov­ already proven that we are the real of a surplus, and nothing else, has low­ ery for the farmers of America. He not friends of agriculture, and the farmers. ered the price of soybeans; however, our only vetoed the bill, but he demanded Speaking for myself, and the majority great increase in export markets will that the Congress give him a bill that of the Members of the Congress who had likely remove enough of the production was worthy of the farmers of America. the courage to take the criticism, and, to maintain prices that will bring the and that. would help open the door for yet, try to remove the cause and help farmers a reasonable profit. a progressive future for the farmers of the patient, so to speak, we will REMOVING GOVERNMENT SURPLUSES America. Grudgingly, but finally, those continue to follow these sound policies A truly remarkable job has been done who tried to load the farm bill with bad until the farmer reaches _full. prosperity, in disposing of surplus dairy products. amendments were defeated and worn and the opportunities to continue that At the peak; in 1954, the Commodity down to where we got a soil bank bill prosperity will be kept open for the years Credit Corporation held 467 millon that w~nt a long way toward the very ahead. pounds of butter, 436 million pounds of type of a bill that the President asked We knew the cause was the mountain cheese, and 566 million pounds of nonfat for, _and a soil bank bill of which the of surpluses that had been piling up over dry milk solids. In mid-June there was greatest number of his provisions har­ the last few years which was depressing no butter in· stock,· cheese holdings were monized with. the type of bill that the the farmers' market'. We knew that one down to 193 million pounds, and nonfat Farm Bureau Federation had suggested. of the causes was that during the last dry milk solids down to 147 million Had it not been for the shameful de­ war we had lost nearly all of our export pounds. These disposals were achieved lay, the farmers could have had millions business. despite higher milk production and of dollars of benefit this year that has THIS IS WHAT WE DID without impairing farm income. On the been denied them by those who tried to Mr. Speaker for the first time in our contrary, from 1954 to 1955, dairy farm­ delay, and scuttle, the efforts of the history, we passed new laws that would ers' cash receipts increased by $100 mil­ President and those of us who wanted to help us increase our exports to foreign lion at the same time that milk produc­ bring real relief, and a better future to countries. Public Law 480 of the 83d tion went up 1.4 billion pounds. And the the farmers of America. Congress was one of them. Under title improved situation continues in 1956. Mr. Speaker, now I want to pay a com­ I of that act, farm surpluses are being During the last 3 years we have dis­ pliment, which I believe is deserving, to sold to friendly foreign countries for for­ posed of $6 billion of farm commodities the Committee on Appropriations for eign currencies, and under title III, farm held by the Commodity Credit Corpora­ Agriculture. This committee, as you surpluses are being bartered, or ex­ tion and owned by the Government. kr... ow, consisting of 7 members, held changed, for strategic materials. What brought about this marked shift hearings for about 2 months in order These two programs have given a mar­ in the dairy situation? For one thing, to give Secretary Benson, and the heads ket boost to our total agricultural ex­ the dairy industry itself has taken a re­ of the various departments of the Agri­ ports, and it is estimated that during the newed interest in educational and sales culture Department an opportunity to current year they will constitute about promotion efforts. come before us and report on the prog­ 20 percent of the export total of about ress they were making, and to· explain $3 % billion. SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM to us how much they needed for each Through 'the combined efforts of com- . Another stimulus to consumption has department for the coming yeaT, and to . mercial trade and Government, exports come from .-the . expanded school milk what use these funds would be put. have been increased during the last 3 program. This school year more than After exhaustive hearings, this commit­ years. In :fiscal year 1954 our exports 60,000 schools are taking advantage of tee of 7 wrote the bill which carried just were increased 7 percent; in fiscal year this program and participating children for the regular activities of the Depart­ 1955 they were 4 percent higher than in will consume well over one billion half­ ment $783,061,708. This did not take 1954; in :fiscal year 1956 they were 9 per- pints of milk. into account over a billion dollars for cent higher. · Acting on the recommendation of the the Commodtiy Credit Corporation, and As a matter of fact, on a quantity President, Congress has extended the other services. basis, if you exclude cotton, farm exports program for 2 years and increased the Mr. Speaker, I deem it a great honor this year are expected to be the highest authorized funds to $75 million per year. to have had the opportunity to serve as of any year for the past 30 years. And speaking of schoolchildren, the a member of this committee. It has In the face of this fact, yet, you will National School Lunch· Progtam ·contin­ been a rich experience affording me an hear some people . say, "What has the ues to expand. This year over 10 miliion opportunity to learn more about the 195q, CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD - HOUSE 14319 basic industry, agriculture, upon which which can be. drawn on by cooperatives 1! 84th Copgress, answer questions fired at him foundation the economy and .Power of they need more money by justifying same by a panel of veteran reporters. this great Nation has· been ouilt, and before the Bureau of the Budget. Mr. HURLEIGH. Congressman, what are the upon which it rests. For the rural telephone program we ap­ accomplishments of the Democratic-con­ Mr. Speaker, .it has also given me an proved the budget amount, and, in addition, trolled 84th Congress? opportunity to be helpful to the farm provided for a contingency of $50,500,000-­ Mr. LucAs. Will the Democrats be able to which can: also be drawn on by justifying hold the House and the Senate in the next segment of our economy, in which I have such additional request before the Bureau of elections? long been interested, which has been de­ the Budget. REA is always doing a good Mrs. F'LEESON. What are the Democratic veloped by the farmers of America to a job, and the committee wants to give it full chances of beating President Eisenhower for height of production that surpasses any cooperation. the White House? natiori in world history. Having per­ sori. CONSERVATION Mr. HURLEIGH. The Democratic-controlled sonally been interested in agriculture, In 1955 our committee increased ap­ 84th Congress is in high gear in an effort having been a member of the Farm Bu­ propriations for soil conservation from to adjourn. Democratic leaders say they are reau for 40 years, the work on this com­ $75 million to $81 million, and for the armed with facts about a lack· of Republican mittee and the opportunity to be helpful coming year, we increased the amount support in Congress for some major pro­ to agriculture has been a great satisfac­ grams, such as foreign aid. Members of the from $81 million to $97 million-an in­ 84th Congress realize that the record made tion to me. crease of $16 ·million over last year. In in Congress will be a major test for both FALSE CRITICISM addition, we authorized for the coming Democrats and Republicans for control of · Mr. Speaker, since there are always year, to pay farmers for soil conserva­ the Senate and House in the forthcoming those in political campaigns who seek to tion program practices $250 million; elections. Our guest is the majority leader misrepresent, and who criticize Mem­ yet, there are those who for personal ~f the United States House of Representa­ bers of Congress who have really tried tives, Congressman JOHN W. McCORMACK, political gain are spreading the false Democrat, of Massachusetts' 12th District. to do something to help agriculture, it statemeµt that "VURSELL is opposed to The Democrats named Congressman McCoR­ becomes necessary at times to face such soil conservation." MACK recently to head the platform com:. critics who deliberately misrepresent, Mr. Speaker, of course the Members mittee at the Democratic National Conven­ and falsify the record of a Congressman, of this House, with whom I have served tion. Congressman McCORMACK was born in in order to gain a political advantage for many years, know that story is false. South Boston. He was elected to represent themselves, I repeat, it becomes neces­ In addition, nearly all the farmers in my his district in 1928; named majority leader sary to confront them with the truth. in 1940. Congressman McCORMACK has held district know of my constant support of the majority leader post in each Congress The truth is always powerful enough to legislation in their inte·rest. I once since, except the BOth and 83d, in which he destroy fiction, and the misrepresenta­ complained to one of my farmer friends served as Democratic whip. And now our tion of facts. about those unfair attempts to deceive guest is ready. · Mr. Speaker, I raise this question be­ the voters. His answer was the old Mr. F'IsKE. Reporters' Roundup, which cause there is an effort· being made in axiom you ·have doubtless heard many comes to you transcribed from the House my district at this time to mislead the times, "give a calf enough rope and he Radio Gallery in the Nation's Capital, is pre­ farmers, and to misrepresent· my record will hang himself." Well, maybe he is sented by Mutual and Facts Forum as part here,· which has always been, as the right. of Facts Forum's effort to stimulate interest Members of this Congress know, in the i.n current issues. Facts Forum, ·nationwide , adult educational organization, is . devoted interest· of the farmers. · Efforts of that to encouraging a desire in all Americans to kind, I believe the Members of this Con­ listen, read, and think more about public gress will bear me out, are· generally Hon. John W. McCormack and affairs. Facts Forum has faith that if the made by someone who .has never done American people will inform themselves frotn anything himself for the farmers. That Reporters' Roundup sources of their own choosing they will make is the situation in the case I have in wise decisions. May the opinions you will mind. EXTENSION OF REMARKS now hear expressed by our guest prompt you To prove the falsity of such charges, I to further thought. Our guest is the Hon­ OF orable JOHN W.· McCORMACK, Democratic would like to point out that our com­ United States 9ongressman of Massachusetts' mittee, the entire membership of the HON. JOHN J. ROONEY ~2th District and House majority leader of Appropriations Committee, of this House OF ·NEW YORK the 84th · Congress. Congressman McCoR­ sought to help the farmers by increas­ MACK is prepared to meet the chaliengirig ing appropriations for Soil Conservation, IN THE HOUSE 0¥ REPRESENTATIVES questions of this panel of well-known and for Research and Extension Service, for Tuesday, July 24, 1956 able reporters: Mr. Jim Lucas, staff writer the extension of REA Light and Power, of Scripps-Howard newspapers, and Mrs. by liberalizing farm credit through Mr. ROONEY. Mr. Speaker, on Mon­ Doris Fleeson, columnist of United Features Farmers' Home Administration, and day, July · 23, 1956, the distinguished SY,ndicate. Your moderator, Robert F. Hur:. gentleman from Massachusetts, the ma­ leigh, Mutual commentator and director of increasing appropriations for many de­ Washington operations. partments of agriculture. jority leader of the House, Hon. JOHN W. McCORMACK, appeared as the guest on . Mr. HURLEIGH. And now, Mr. Lucas, let's Now, to confront those who would mis­ have the-first question for Congressman Mc­ represent my record, with the devas­ the radio program known as Reporters' CORMACK. tating truth, I want to quote a few para­ Roundup. Mr. ·Luc.A:s. Con:gressman McCORMACK, you graphs of my remarks made on May 15, Congressman McCORMACK, chairman are to be the chairman of the platform com­ 1956, which can be found in the CON­ of the platform committee for the com­ mittee in Chicago. I wonder if you think GRESSIONAL RECORD, on page 8099 when ing Democratic National Convention, was you will be able to write a civil-rights plank our committee presented to the Mem­ questioned by well-known members of that will satisfy both the North and the bers of the House the appropriations bill the Washington press corps, Mr. Jim South and still say anything? Lucas, staff writer for Scripps-Howard Mr. McCORMACK. Well, I was chairman, if f.or agriculture for the coming year: This you will remember, Mr. Lucas, in 1944. I newspapers, and Mrs. Doris Fleeson~ is what I said_: was chairman of the platform committee in Mr. Chairman, our committee, in its ex­ syndicated columnist for United Fea­ 1952 when the same situation existed proba­ haustive heari~gs, conscious of the fact that tures. The moderator was Robert F. Hur­ bly in more acute form and as I project my the farmers are not fully sharing in the pros­ leigh, Mutual com:rpentator and dir~ctor mind into the coming platform meetings perity of the Nation, has sought to help them of Washington operations. , and considerations and the results and in where we justifiably could in certain sec­ Under permission heretofore granted relation to civil rights, I feel very confident tions of the bill. me by unanimous consent of the House, that a_plank will be drafted and adopted that The ·bill before us carries an appropria­ I am including herewith the complete will be satisfactory and maintain unity 'in tion of $783,061,708 for regular activities of the Democratic Party. the Department. It provides for loan au­ transcript of this broadcast of Reporters' thorizations for REA and Farmers.' Home Roundup: Mr. LucAs. What specifically would that plank ·include? · Administration of $359,300,000 both in title Mr. FlSKE. Reporters' Roundup, where by­ I of the. bill. lines make. headlines. In a moment bear Mr. McCORMACK. Well, of course, as chair.:. We allowed the full budget request of the Honorable JOHN w. MCCORMACK, Demo­ man of t~e _comm!ttee, I am not going to $145,300,000 for REA, and in addition pro­ cratic United States Congressman of Massa­ express myself on that prior to the commit­ vided for a contingency fund of $43,700,0~0 chusetts and. House majority leade~ of the tee meeting and the considerations because 14320 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE - July 24 I want to go into the committee in the post­ Mr. McCoRMACX. Why.. of course, the fac­ Mr, LUCAS. Along that line, Congress­ tion where i; can accomplish the greates.t tors-there are many factors between now man-- amount of results. . and November. Of course, President Eisen­ Mr. McCORMACK. Same as I deplore such a Mr. LucAs. Do you feel that the situation hower is not as strong now as he was in 1952 characterization of a Baptist vote or a Pres­ is more acute in the past--has been more by any means. Furthermore, there are other byterian vote. Now, in direct answer to your acute in the past--that it is today? factors involved. We have c~rtain big busi­ question, I think the time has arrived in Mr. McCORMACK. From the evidence I have, ness control of Governmen,t, you have the America when one who is o~tstanding, a man r would say, Yes. · discrimination against small and independ­ who has impressed himself upon the Ameri­ Mrs. F'LEESON. Congressman, aren't you go­ ent business, you have the-the disregard can people and who is a communicant of the ing to have to mention that Supreme Court of the farmers, the forgotten people. You Catholic Church would not be denied election decision banning segregation in the platform have the tie-up with big special interests in because of that fact. I think the people of this year? , connection with the public resources, we the South would vote for a good man, a good Mr. McCORMACK. That's one of the are on the defensive throughout the world American, who is a Catholic, and certainly questiqns that will be considered, Mrs. Flee­ on foreign affairs, there are many factors the North would. And I think this year in son, and prior to the committee .meeting and the American people are sensitive and, particular that if a good American with out­ I am not going to express any opinions be­ of course, in the minds of every person, they standing service who is honorable and trust­ cause as chairman of the committee I feel realize that in voting for President, they worthy and commands the respect of the that I would not place myself in the proper do and are considering it-they have got to American people is selected--0n the Demo­ position if I were to do so. . consider the national interest of our coun­ cratic ticket or on the Republican ticket­ Mrs. FLEESON. Well, I hope you won't stick try which is paramount and they should. but we will confine ourselves to the Demo­ with that because I would like to ask another Because it is not a question of electing a. cratic ticket because that is the immediate question about a formal piece of legislation man because of popularity to the Presidency subject of discussion of your question-if one if you can express yourself. How are you of the United States. That's the most re­ is selected, I think it would be a decided asset going to explain in the Democratic plat­ sponsible position in the world. And the to the Democratic Party. But he shouldn't form that the Democratic Congress !ailed to very fate of our country could be involved be selected because he is a Catholic, just the pass a bill for Federal aid in the construction in having a man in there where we would same as they might select a man who comes Qf badly needed school buildings? be assured of permanent policy and leader­ from an agricultural area, the party might, Mr. McCoiiMACK: Well, that is very-that ship during his administration. because they want to have the infiuence upon ts easily explainable. We have .a .very nar­ Mrs. FLEEso:N. Isn't it a fact, Congressman, the agricultural vote. It's always an impor­ row body-there is a-the. democratic that the President is interested himself in tant incidental and secondary consideration majority is such that if we had 15 more i_mproving the caliber of the candidates in and that is where it belongs and that is Democrats, progressive Democrats, why in the Republican party this fall? They've had where it should be but as a secondary con­ my opinion the result would be different. stronger candidates certainly in the Senate sideration this year, I am frank in stating But let us look at the record, Mrs. Fleeson. in many States than they've had in previous that I think that if the Democratic Party The Republicans have responsibi11ty also. years. were to select a good outstanding man who I think you will admit that. Certainly the Mr. McCORMACK. Well, that's a question of is a communicant of the Catholic Church public will and on the rollcall of the pas­ fact, Mrs. Fleeson. I notice, of course, if for President he would be elected-I don't sage of tne bill there were 75 Republicans you have in mind Kentucky, why that would think the American people would vote voted :ror the bill-119 against the bill. be an illustration. against a man because of his religion. A There were 119 Democrats who voted for Mrs. FLEESON. And the State of Washing­ few here and there. The 1928 fight cannot the bill and 105 against the bill. I wish ton. be revived in 1956' in my opinion. there were less of those 105 Democrats and Mr. McCORMACK. That would be an illus­ Mr. Luc.As. Along that line, Mr. Congress­ I wish there were· less than the 119 Repub­ tration. I am not so sure about the other man, a southern member of Congress the licans. In other words the Republican candidates because you are in the unusual other day accused the nonsoutherners of Members of the House by a large majority position where most of the Republican can­ socially segregating the three Negro members voted against the bill and they have their didates like Ike, using that slogan for elec­ of Congress. ~you have any comment on responsibility as a party and as individual tion purposes, but after ·they are elected that? Members. their rec-ord shows the great majority don't Mr., McCORMACK. What do you mean? I Mr. LucAS. Mr. McCORMACK, on the basis vote for the matters he recommends. don't know, that's the first I ever heard of o! your record in Congress, do you think the Mrs. FLEESON. Let me switch to your party. this. Democrats will be able to hold the House Speaking of liking Ike-do you like your Mr. LUCAS. Mr . .ABERNETHY of Mississippi. and the Senate in the next election? colleague, Senator KENNEDY, of Massachu­ Mr. McCORMACK'.. I am· stunned-- Mr. McCORMACK. I am hopeful. In 1952 setts, for the vice presidential nomination? Mrs. FLEESON. Congressman .ABERNETHY when President Eisenhower won by over On the Democratic ticket? made the charge, sir. 6% million votes; there were 221 Repub­ Mr. McCORMACK. Why, of course, the vice Mr. McCORMACK. Oh well, the-I imagine Hcan Members elected to the · House- presidential nomination-you don't run for that was under emotional strain. I cannot 213 Democrats and 1 Independent. In that, you're selected. You know that as well undertake to interpret the mind of someone other words, the Republicans barely squeezed as I do. The-whoever you nominate for else. I can interpret my own mind. through so far as the House was concerned. President--he. has the big voice in selecting Mrs. FLEEsoN. Well, can you say whether Strange thing is that with that tremendous the second place. You are not going to, they do or do not segregate? plurality that President Eisenhower received you're not going to-if Governor Stevenson Mr. McCORMACK. Oh, no-farthest thing in 1952, the popular vote for Members of_ is nominated, I would assume and I hope that in the world, Mrs. Fleeson and Mr. Lucas. the House throughout the country was about SenatOr KENNEDY would be given very serious The accident of birth means nothing to me. the same, if anything -the Democrats had a consideration by him. So far as Senator God didn't consult me when I was born and little more popular vote than the Repub­ KENNEDY and I are concerned, we have a why should I have anything, feelings, against licans. And we. have that unusual phenom­ friendly relationship. Certainly I have evi­ any person because of the accident of birth. enon where the people voted for Eisenhower denced it to him on so many occasions that And God isn't going to judge me or anyone in 1952, but apparently· they didn't want .to there ought to be a friendly state of mind else on the color of our skin. When we die leave the leadership and the policies of the on his part toward me and particularly I we go up and Peter judges-and go to the Democratic Party because they realized that have a friendly state of mind toward him. Gates of Heaven-- we were !or their best interest. Based upon Mrs. FLEESON. Congressman, it is felt that Mrs. FLEEsoN. Congressman, that isn't the Eisenhower vote in 1952, if that had re­ the nomination of KENNEDY for Vice Presi­ the question, sir. COngressman ABERNETHY flected itself against the Democratic Party dent or that of Mayor Wagner, of New York, charged specifically that the colored Mem­ as such, we would not have had more than who are Catholics would strengthen the Dem­ bers of the House were not socially received 165 Democrats instead of 213 elected. Now ocrats in the big cities of the United States. in the homes of their colleagues and that we had that and in 1954 we gained the Do you think that they need strengthening the northerners were guilty of hypocrisy in House and we made rapid gains in governor­ with the Catholic vote of the big cities of this regard. ships and '..n local elections in the several the United States? Mr. McCORMACK. What do you mean, so­ States of the Union and I have a feeling of Mr. McCORMACK. Well, I don't; I don't rec­ cially received? confidence that the people in their wisdom ognize anything as a Catholic vote any more Mr. LucAs. Visit in their apartments, in will reelect a Democratic House and Senate than a Baptist vote or a Presbyterian vote or their homes- this fall. an Episcopalian vote-I am an American. I Mrs. FLEESoN. Dine with them-- Mr. LUCAS. Presumably General Eisen­ am a communicant of the Catholic Church; Mr. LUCAS. Dine with them in the House hower will be at the head o! the Republican I love my religion. And I want the world restaurant was a speciflc point that he made. ticket again thf.s year. Will that make--' to know it. And I respect all other religions. Mr. McCoRKACX. Well, 'I have seen a Mem­ Mr. McCORMACK. Indications point that I am serving here as an American citizen and ber of congress of the colored race eating in way now. in ·a ·sense I deplore ·the use of a Catholic the House rest.aurant- Mr. LucAs. Will that make more difficult vote as such, same as I would a colored vote Mrs. F'LEEsoN. With white colleagues? your task of retaining control of· the 'two as such. I think our fine Amerfcans of the Mr. MCCORMACK. A Iot of people-the ques­ Houses of congress? colored race vote as Americans. tion of social-take Congressman DAWSON. 1956 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 14321 Who ls a finer American-than Congressman TON would be strong. I would say that Gov­ Mr. LUCAS. Mr. McCORMACK, what States DAWSON? He would be welcomed anywhere. ernor Harriman would be strong. I would which went for Eis-enhower in the last elec­ He is chairman of the House Aaministra tion say that Senator KEFAUVER would be strong tion do you think are likely to go Democratic Committee, Government Operations Commit­ on the voter level. And I'd put Governor this year? tee, the first representative, American, of the Stevenson in the next place. Mr. MCCORMACK. I think we have the colored race ever to be chairman of a com­ Mr. LUCAS. Do you think that Senator Solid South in line with the possibility there mittee in the entire history of the country. SYMINGTON could take it in a national cam­ may be one State in the South, but I don't And I serve on that committee, and I serve paign? even think in that case. on that comm! ttee because I am proud to Mr. McCORMACK. Well, I am a great ad­ Mrs. F'LEESON. Florida? serve under BILL DAWSON. I didn't serve on mirer of STUART SYMINGTON but he is not Mr. McCORMACK. Yes. Still I don't think Ways and Means Committee that I was a an active candidate. I'm not talking candi­ in that case. I would think we have a good member of when I was first elected leader in dates now-I am for anyone who is nom­ chance of carrying some of the farm States 1940--I resigned from Ways and Means Com­ inated and I will go out enthusiastically and that we didn't carry in 1952. mittee. But I was a Member of the House, support him and I think we've got a great Mr. LUCAS. New York? of the Government Operations Committee opportunity for a Democratic victory this Mr. McCORMACK. I think we have a good during the 80th Republican Congress and I year. I am not one of those defeatists. chance of carrying Massachusetts and New was reelected leader in the 8lst Congress, but Mrs. FLEESON. Do you think President York, Pennsylvania. Now, I may not men­ I stayed on the committee, I not only stayed Eisenhower's health will be an issue in the tion some States and they will think that I on it but I stepped aside. I was his senior­ campaign? think that they won't be carried. I don •t ! could have been chairman of the com­ Mr. MCCORMACK. It's bound to be in the want any listener to get that impression. mittee, but I stepped aside so that-and he minds of the people. The very fact that you But I think, I felt even before the unfortu­ became chairman and then I served on the asked the question shows that it is in your nate heart attack of the President, before committee to show how proud I was not only mind. And you know I have a lot of con­ his later operation, that with the issues we to step aside for this great American Con­ fidence in these American fam1Ues, when had and with the record of the present ad­ gressman DAWSON, but to serve under him husband and wife sit together and they chat ministration that we had, that even with as my chairman. as Mrs. McCormack and I do, we discuss Eisenhower a candidate for reelection that Mr. LucAs. Mr. McCORMACK, the Massachu­ things seriously. So do the other husbands he didn't have much better than a 50-50 setts delegation to Chicago, I believe, is and wives and their children. And it's chance of winning. · pledged to you. bound to be in their minds, because the Mrs. FLEESoN: The Democrats say that Mr. McCORMACK. Yes. Well, it's a write-in very national interest of our country is in­ they are dead broke. That they have no vote now; that is, I got the majority of the volved-the office of President is the most money, and that-- write-in votes. Now, the extent to which important in the. world. It's a full-time job, Mr. McCORMACK. Well, we've always they are pledged to me, that is a question of particularly in an emergency like we have been-- fact. I have read in the newspapers that today where the fate of the free world and Mrs. FLEEsoN. The Republicans have a they are going to cast their first ballot for our own country might be involved. You large treasury. Don't you think that will me if I want it. I'm putting in "if I want have got to have continuous, permanent, handicap your party? it" in there. firm leadership and the question confront­ Mr. McCORMACK. Yes, money-money is a Mrs. F'LEESON. Do you want it? ing the American people is not "do I like powerful influence, but we Democrats have Mr. McCORMACK. I may, because it would some individual"-but "what is for the na­ always been more or less broke and there is be a good part of my obituary. tional interest of our country?"-having in nothing new to that and all I can suggest is Mrs. F'LEESON. We're not looking forward mind the world condition and circumstances that we Democrats have certainly saved to that. and the physical condition of candidates. business, big and little, and I've once and Mr. LUCAS. No; not at all. So, the answer to your question is, and no­ awhile said to one of my friends who's in big Mr. McCORMACK. Well, I think you can body argues it, it's an issue in the minds of business, who is a Republican, that for every read my mind and see the-how serious, how the American people in my opinion. Be­ $5 you contribute to the Republican Party much I think I wlll ever get the nomina­ cause, speaking as an American, I can't es­ out of an act of gratitude and appreciation, tion-but it's a very nice compliment. I cape it. Much as I wish it didn't exist and why don't you contribute $1 to the Demo­ appreciate the action of the people in writing I just can't escape it and every other Amer­ cratic Party? my name in. I didn't seek it. I wasn't a ican is bound to have the same thoughts Mr. HURLEIGH. I'm sorry, Congressman, but candidate. Friends of mine proposed it along that line. I am going to have to cut in here. Our board without my knowledge, and then it blos­ Mr. LucAs. How much do you think Vice of judges has selected the prize-winning somed up in 2 or S days. So many good President NIXON wlll strengthen the Repub­ questions submitted by our listeners for this friends of mine and I couldn't publicly re­ lican ticket? broadcast. In a moment, Congressman Mc­ pudiate them, their efforts, their sincerity, Mr. McCORMACK. NIXON? He will weaken CORMACK is going to answer these questions. and I said you go ahead and conduct it your­ the ticket? Stand by for the names of the winners. Mrs. FLEESON. Why? Mr. FISKE. There's more fun in your morn­ self. And we know what the results were-I ing when you stay tuned to Mutual. The got the write-in vote. If you want to ask Mr. McCORMACK. Well, Vice President NIXON-I am expressing an opinion based weather is always bright and sunny when any further questions on that subject, it ls you're on the Mutual line for programs that perfectly all right with me-- upon my extensive associations with people and listening to what they say, be is very brighten a gay day, or lighten a gray day. Mr. LucAs. Well, where wm it go after It's the easy way to make time tty by before casting this courtesy or complimentary-­ unpopular. you know it, while household chores become Mr. McCoRMACK. I imagine the majority Mrs. FLEESON. With whom, besides Demo.. a pleasure when you enjoy yourself and listen will probably go to Governor Stevenson and erats? while you work. You'll find there are several where the others go I couldn't tell you now. Mr. McCORMACK. Oh, well now. I am not easy to listen to news digests, 5 minutes of Mrs. FLEESON. Who is your favorite candi­ confining myself to Democrats. I have met up-to-the-minute headlines to keep you in­ date for the Democratic nomination, Con­ any number of Republicans who have told formed on what's happening in the world. gressman? me for example that if he were the candidate Mornings on Mutual mean all the happy good Mr. McCORMACK. I'm not for anybody yet. for President, they'd vote for a Democrat. times of quiz programs, with their excite­ I am not, and certainly I never develop a Now, that feeling retl.ects itself further, be .. ment and thrills, the suspense as contestants state of mind where I am against anybody. cause I am satisfied that the great majority reach for big prizes and the warm glow that I would like to see the candidate selected of the American people feel that he is not comes from hearing of another's good for­ who will be the strongest man. And when capable or qualified to fill the office of Presi­ tune. Make your morning pleasure Mutual you select a candidate· you have also got to dent 1! that situation should arise, which with programs that let you keep right on consider the candidates in the State for gov­ we all hope and pray will not, if President with everyday tasks, hear them all every ernor and United States Senator, and the Eisenhower is reelected and I am not con­ weekday over most of these stations. Re­ candidates for Congress and close districts. ceding his reelection. member, Mutual is your network for news. If we select or nominate a weak man, a man Mr. HURLEIGH. Mr. McCORMACK, if the Mr. HURLEIGH. And now, Congressman Mc­ who isn't strong in close districts, we might health of President Eisenhower will be an CORMACK, here are those prize-winning ques­ lose 10 or 15 close districts that we otherwise issue, and if many people perhaps entertain tions from our listeners. would win. doubts about his longevity and Mr. NIXON Mr. FISKE. From Mrs. Spiro C. Mino las, of Mrs. FLEESON. Are there any weak Dem­ is a weak candidate for the Vice Presidency, Cambridge, Mass. ocrats? would you then suggest that the Republican Mr. HURLEIGH. Congressman McCORMACK, Mr. McCORMACK. What? Well, there are ticket is weak for 1956? from your own State, why in your opinion some stronger than others. Mr. McCORMACK. Well, now, that would not has the United States lost ground during the Mr. LucAs. And who would you rate the necessarily follow. The fact that Mr. NIXON past few years in the East-West confiict and strongest then? will be the vice presidential candidate I what can the new Congress do to help regain Mr. McCORMACK. Why, that's, that ts a think wlll cause the people to give additional the initiative? difficult question. I would say that on the thought to the health of the President and Mr. McCORMACK. That's a very pertinent voter level I would say that Senator SYMING- the results of his election. question. The last few years we have lost 14322 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 24, 1956 ground because of-the uncertain and con_­ and we are losing respect throughout the ping of $900 million by the Democrats in fused leadership that we have in Washington world. both Houses of the Congress-initiated in from President Eisenhower down. For exam­ Mr. FISKE. From Robert P. McCloghery, of the Senate and concurred in by the House-­ ple, last July at the Geneva meeting, he said San Francisco, Calif. for the buildup of our Air Force is of vital that-he admitted pµblicly, stated publicly Mr. HURLEIGH. Congressman MCCORMACK, importance. The big job for us today is to that the Communists were sincere in their should we cut our Armed Forces overseas, preserve our country and we have got to desire for peace. Of course they are-for a return them to the United States and de­ have the leadership that wm establish poli­ Communist peace, but that's not our peace. pend on greater Air Force and guided mis­ cies that are for the national interest of our That's the worst mistake he could have made. siles? country and the best interest of our peo­ We see the fraternization that's going on. Mr. McCORMACK. That's a very hard ques­ ple-and it can't be bullying but it's got That's bad. That affects millions of persons tion for a layman to answer. It's a very good to be firm leadership. Other nations are behind the Iron Curtain who hate their Com­ question. However, as one charged with re­ watching us closely and when they see un­ munist oppressors. We are on the defensive sponsibility I feel that we should not take certainty on the part of our top leadership throughout the entire world. We have the any calculated risks on the side of weakness . . they then commence to doubt. And it. can't mustration of neutralism. The President If we are going to err, it's better to err on be a day-to-day or a week-to-week foreign says one thing, he clarifies it the next day the side of strength than on the side of weak­ policy. Now when President Truman was w.hich is bad. Vice President NIXON says ness and before we reduce our foot soldiers, in, the world knew he first made his own something different. Secretary Dulles goes to our land soidiers, our military leaders and · decisions and second when he made his the extreme and then he tries to say that the those responsible for the preservation of our decisions he meant them. They don't feel President and he agrees when everybody Government had better be careful that they the same way about the present adminis­ knows he said the opposite of the President. are right. . tration. All of that shows uncertain leadership. The Mr. FISKE. From Donald E. Fortson, of · Mr. HURLEIGH. I want to thank United leaders of other countries are doubting our North Little Rock, Ark. States Congressman JOHN W. McCoRMACX, sincerity--of other countries friendly to us, _ . Mr. HURLEIGH. Congressman MCCORMACK, Democrat, of Massachusetts, and House ma­ so there are many things I could say on that. what single piece of legislation passed by the . jority leader, for being our guest on Re­ But we are on the defensive througnout the 84th Congress do you regard as the most sig- · porters' Roundup, which came to you tran­ world and it is because of a lack of firm nificant? scribed from the House Radio Gallery in leadership and the Democratic Party, the Mr. McCo:aMAcx. Well, there are several. your Nation's Capital. _ My thanks, too, to · Democratic leadership will bring back the There is the Interstate Highway System, · the reporters on our panel-Mr. Jim Lucas, J>Ollcy of peace and strength. We'Ve got to the 41,000-mile system, which is of _vital im- · staff writer of Scripps Howard newspapers, have firmness in our international relations portance to our people. There are the appro­ and Mrs. Doris Fleeson, syndicated columnist with other countries so they will respect us priations made for defense, I think the up- . of United Features.