Published for the members of the Mid-West Tool Collectors Association

Number 67 June, 1992

IN THIS ISSUE:

- Davul Maydol,e & the Hammer - Ice, From Nature to Consumer - Spiral Screwdrivers from Isaac Allard - Whatsit, Puzzl.ed, Regular Features & More

M-WTCA.ORG

Early years in the ice industry, see feature beginning on page 19. No. 67 June, 1992 CHAFF Mid-West Tool Collectors Association, Inc. FROM THE PRESIDENT Managing Editor ...... Mel Ring Editor, Publisher ...... Bonnie Weber AB we receive this issue of THE approached by a major national Associate Editor ...... Roger K. Smith GRISTMILL, many of us will be historic site, asking Mid-West Tool Contributing Editors ...... Thomas Lamond if ...... William Baader preparing to head for Decatur. This Collectors Association would be Advertising Manager ...... Gale Zerkle should be another outstanding willing to supply Eighteenth Century TiiE GRISTMilL is the official publication of t he Mid-West meeting. For Dave Heckel and his tools on a "donation" or "loan" basis. Tool Collectors Association, Inc., and is published quarterly committee, this meeting ends two These would be used to furnish a March, June, September and December. The purpose of the association is to promote the preservation, years of extensive preparation. Dave reconstructed carpenter's shop on the study and understanding of ancient tools, implements and devices of farm, home, industry and shop of the pioneers; also, promises to have many surprises for extensive premises. Both M-WfCA to study the crafts in which these objects were used and the attendees. In addition to the tours and individual donors would be craftsmen who used them; also to share knowledge and under• standing with others, especially where it may benefit restora­ planned, several excellent speakers acknowledged in a display, which tions, museums and like institutions. and demonstrators will be present to would be seen by over one million President ...... Ronald W. Pearson make your stay at Decatur memo­ visitors annually. AB more informa­ 1293 South Hill Road Erie, PA 16509 rable. Hopefully, you'll find that one tion about this project becomes (814) 866-1500 special tool that will help round out available, it will be published in Vice-President ...... Lars Larson your collection. future issues of THE GRISTMILL. 18028 Reed While we're on the subject of The March issue of THE Melvindale, MI 48122 (313) 382-0594 meetings, keep in mind that an awful GRISTMILL was excellent, thanks Vice-President ...... Kerry McCalla lot of time and planning goes into in part to those members who wrote 104 Engle Court arranging not only national meet­ articles. Why don't you sit down and Franklin, TN 37064 ings, but also regional meets. When write about your favorite tool or (615) 791-6198 you attend these meetings, don't be tools? You may have knowledge that Vice-President ...... William B. Boltz 3435 Jacksonwald Avenue afraid to offer to lend a hand. An no one else has. Share it! Reading, PA 19606 hour or so of your time might just Summer will come and go before (215) 779-8467 make that particular meeting go we know it. The Springfield, Missouri Secretary ...... Michael Slasinski much better, and take some of the m.3eting is coming October 8-10. 7201 Danny Drive Saginaw, MI 48603 stress off the host or hosts. If your Meeting host Ron Baird has chosen (517) 781-1152 help isn't needed at that moment, the theme "Handmade Tools." What Treasurer ...... James E. f>rice don't give up and never offer again; a great opportunity to put together a Box6 there'll be lots of meetings where you fascinating display - it's not too Naylor, MO 63953 will be needed. Remember that M­ early to get started! (314) 399-2341 WfCA is your organization- you DIRECTORS AreaH only get out of it what you put into it! Area A Philip Stanley, 1992 -Ron Pearson, E.J. Renier, 1993 Tom Lamond, 1993 Recently, one of our members was President Howard Loomis, 1994 Martin Donnelly, 1994 AreaB Areal Carol Lomax, 1992 William Wooden, 1992 Robert Kloes, 1993 Frank Gray, 1994 Morris Olson, 1994 AreaJ AreaC Dennis Starzinger, 1992 William Linstromberg, 1992 Nick Heat herly, 1993 WRITE ON ADVERTISING William Carter, 1994 Ken Lord, 1994 AreaD AreaK E.A. Olson, 1992 J ohn Venable, 1993 THE GRISTMILL wants articles of Send all ads (want/for sale) to: Ralph Kay, 1994 Phyllis Morse, 1994 all kinds about tools, makers, users, Gal,e Zerkl,e Area E Area L David Heckel, 1992 William McDougall, 1993 early industries, etc., photographs, old 511 Cookston Ave. William Smith, 1993 Area M advertising cuts, and anything relating Ron Farley, 1994 P aul Hamler, 1992 Springfieul, OH 45503 George Wanamaker, 1994 Bob Nichols, 1993 to M-WfCA member activities. If pos­ (513) 399-1725 AreaF Area N sible, material should be typewritten, Charles Ewing, 1992 Merrill Schmidt, 1992 Copy deadlines also apply to adver­ Mel Ring, 1993 Philip Baker, 1994 and subm itted on disk when possible tising. Mo Arnold, 1994 AreaO (an y ASCII-based word processing pro­ Dick Opsahl, 1994 Larry Brundage, 1992 AreaG Allan Foster, 1994 gram will do). M-WTCA.ORGJohn Kesterson, 1992 AreaP We11 edit, correct and provide first Warren Leemaster, 1993 Joel S. Steel, 1992 Ron Mossing, 1994 Robert Rothen, 1993 aid when needed. Shorter articles, (2-3 MOVI NG? Steve Orbine, 1994 typewritten pages or 4-5 handwritten COMMITI'EE CHAIRMEN If you're in the process of moving, Meeting Planning ...... Lars Larson pages) are more likely to be published. Elections ...... Kerry McCall a Deadlines for submitting all copy: J anu­ remember to notify Kerry McCalla of Scholarship ...... William B. Boltz your new address-that will keep your GRISTMILL Managing Editor .. Mel Ring ary 15 for March issue, April 15 for Special Publications ...... Mel Ring June issue, July 15 for September is­ M-WTCA mailings coming without By-Laws and Policy ...... Allan Shaw interruption. Don't forget to include Whatsit ...... Gary Gergini sue, October 15 for December issue. Family Assistance ...... Roy Bradley Send to: your new telephone number and area Marion Henley Award ...... Ivan Risley code. Sending your change of address Displays ...... David Heckel GRISTMILL Editor AddreH Labels Scrapbook B. L. Weber Publishing to anyone other than Kerry causes an Kerry McCalla Barb & Mike Slasinaki unavoidable delay in processing this 104 Engle Court 7201 Danny Drive 10 Nappanee Drive Franklin, TN 37064 Saginaw, MI 48603 Carmel, IN 4 6032 important information. Publications Mailings Ann Henley 808 Fairway Drive Columbia, MO 65201 Page 2 CALENDAR MEMBER NEWS MID-WESTTOOLCOTJECTORS MARION HENLEY ASSOCIATION NATIONAL MEETINGS AWARD The Marion Henley Award holds SPRING, 1992 June 11, 12, 13, 1992. Holiday Inn, Decatur, IL. Infor­ a prestigious place among the mation: David Heckel (217) 345-9112. Theme: Advertis­ M-WTCA membership. It is offered ing and Promotions for Tools. to any person who has displayed an FALL, 1992 October 8, 9, 10, 1992. Howard Johnson Hotel, Spring­ extensive contribution to tool field, MO. Theme: Handmade Tools. Information: Ron collecting and the purposes of the Baird (417) 759-2816. organization. The award is not intended to be presented casually or on a particular M-WICAAREA MEETINGS schedule, just when it is agreed that a member has earned and deserves AREAJ One-day meet at A&K Cooperage, Higby, MO, Sunday, this recognition. The award commit­ August 9, 1992, beginning at 7:00 am. Cooper's demon­ tee is also charged to follow these stration, church service, whole hog BBQ, wine tasting principals in processing the appli­ and buying & selling tools. Contact Dale Kirby, (816) cants. 456-7561. Based on the guidelines of the AREAF August 30, 1992. Darley's Barn, South Whitley, IN. bylaws, the Committee includes: Contact Mel Ring, 35 Orchard Lane, Huntington, IN Ivan Risley Past President, 46750, (219) 356-7471. Chairman Joint area meeting, September 26, 1992. Hill-Hold Kerry McCalla Member of AREAH&P Exec. Comm., Vice Barn, Montgomery, NY. Contact Tom Lamond President (516) 596-1281 or Steve Orbine (908) 359-4773. Maurice Arnold Current Director Ronald Mossing Current Director Erwin Schaffer Past Director MEETING NEWS Keith Zimmerman Past Director A copy of the submittal form has OPEN LE'ITER MACOMBANNUAL been included with this issue of TO AIL GATHERING-A THE GRISTMILL. Make a copy of it and submit the person you feel M-WICA MEMBERS TOOL COT J ,ECTOR'S most nearly meets the qualifications DELIGHT guidelines listed at the top of the Ifyou have been sitting back wishing form. All entries will be give careful to yourself "We should have aM-WfCA By George Wanamaker consideration, but selection requires semi-annual meeting closer to us," or if The annual Macomb Tool Gathering a unanimous agreement by all of the you know of a specific place or location of Committee members. interest that could house us for a semi­ was held April 12, 1992. By starting time, 8:00 am, many members were Don't put this off. Make your annual meeting, or ifyou are interested already set up, and many tools had nomination right away and send it in hosting a semi-annual meeting,there changed hands. to: are several requirements you may want Chairman Ivan Risley to know about. Here's what you'll need: There were 110 members, covering 40 eight-foot tables with tools for sale, 4406 E. 107 Terr. (1) A minimum of 10,000 square feet of and two eight-foot tables with displays. Kansas City, MO 64137. display and trade area is required, Twenty-three dozen donuts were eaten, plus other rooms for demonstrations and 150 cups of coffee were consumed. and miscellaneous functions. Ashley Kennedy was selling part of SORRY 'BOUT THAT! (2) A minimum of 150 sleeping rooms. his level collection, and had a large (3) Banquet facilities for 350 people. Every editor needs a proofreader, M-WTCA.ORGnumber of these tools very reasonably every proof reader needs an editor, (4) Spring meetings are normally held priced. Overall, there were many good inMayorJune, withourfallmeeting etc. buys and many tools changed hands. In spite of our best proofreading the first part of October. All who attended had fun. efforts, no one caught Bill Baader's Note: Hosting, or co-hosting with Award plaques were given for three name in the byline of the article that another member or members, can be places in the category of best one-tool featured his collection (March, fun and very rewarding. displays. Members present voted on 1992 issue). Did this spark your interest? Do you their favorites. First place went to Roger Everyone who knows Bill, knows want further information? Please write Alexander for his cooper's joiner plane, he wouldn't write a story about or call me at (313) 382-0594. which was carved and dated 1857. Sec­ himself. Thanks to Bill Rigler for Thank you. ond place went to Todd Frieberg for his catching the error, and for authoring Lars Larson Roswell Cook patented saw set. Third the article on this fine tool collector. Vice President, Meeting Planning place went to Dohn Montgomery for a Our apologies to both Bill Rigler and 18028 Reed whatsit from the 1890s or 1880s. Bill Baader for the oversight. Melvindale, MI 48122 -The Editors

Page3 MEETING NEWS AREA 'N HOLDS FIFTH ANNUAL WINTER TOOL MEET AND AUCTION task of judging 22 beautiful There displays, while Oscar were 119 Swanson conducted the members "whatsit" session, and and Richard Turpin, historian, guests displayed picture albums registered and articles from past with Pat meets. and Hollis Best in Show Plaques Feeser for were awarded to Roland the Area Pogatchnik for his theme A Annual display "Non-Factory Made Tool Meet Tools," Ray Hawn for "Best -and Out-of-Theme Display," Auction, Helen Watkins for "A Few held in of My Favorite Things," and John Where did they all come from? .______. the Re- Waldoch for "Best Single Tool." Martin Donnelly gency Plaza Now, we're all looking forward to spoke on "The Bill Watkins and his efficient Wonderful World Hotel inDown- committee of Christian Haugen, Jack attending the Spring Meet, hosted by of Wrenches" town Minneapo­ Klein, Richard Turpin, and Al Renier, Allen Forcelle and Jim Glynn in lis on February started the auction promptly at 2:00 Faribault, MN, on May 3rd. 22-23, 1992. pm. The caliber of lots that went Participants under the hammer was described as from six states "the best yet." took part in A well-attended Dutch Treat scheduled Social Hour was followed by dinner in activities. the Pool Deck Room. Speaker for the Roger Geis evening was Martin J. Donnelly of and his commit­ Bath, NY, who talked about "The tee - Don Wonderful World of Wrenches." His Bosse, Ed discussion, which highlighted the DuRose,Pat growing importance of wrenches to Pat & Hollis Feeser Feeser, Doris the tool collecting fraternity, and the were honored for Waldoch, and changes in technology that have their six years of Laura Olesen - taken place over the years, was What do you think this is? dedicated service. had the difficult excellent.

WISCONSIN HAS BIG TURNOUT By Carol Lomax, Director and inspection tools won the Best Dis­ Another big turnout at Wisconsin's play Award for Todd Friburg of Rock­ popular winter meeting in St.Francis ford, Illinois. Second place went to Erv added up to 144 tool collectors and Schaffer of Madison, Wisconsin for a guests. They came from five states to one-tool display - the unique have a great day buying tools, selling Thatcher's calculating instrument. tools, talking tools and socializing. Schaffer spent much of his time ex­ A demonstration by MikeM-WTCA.ORG Hanley, plaining how it worked to inquisitive expert wood­ fellow tool collectors. worker and M-WTCA mem­ ber,drewacrowd of onlookers. He demonstrated how to use the Norris smooth­ ingplaneoncurly maple, and three kinds of panel Todd Friburg (inset) with a few of the ~Mik_'_e_Ha_nl-ey--~raising planes. machinist layout and inspection tools teaches how to An unusual A Thatcher's calculating that won first place in display use old hand display of ma- instrument was displayed by Erv competition at St. Francis. planes. chinists' layout Schaffer, winning second place. [Photos by Mary Lou Stover] Page4 MEETING NEWS AREA F SPRING MEET A SUCCESS By Matt Borders As usual, The difficulty in writing an article Milan Ramsey describing the annual Area F meet­ came up with ing comes not from lack of material. some stumpers Rather, the difficulty stems from in the whatsit trying to decide where to begin. program. This year, as has been the custom Milan also for some time, the picturesque Abe treated myself Martin Lxlge in scenic Brown and others to a County, IN, played host to the free (if some­ members of Area F. The lodge, what compact) nestled in the heart of Brown County chicken dinner. State Park, is a wonderful place to He promises to spend a weekend in its own right, but come out soon add a couple of hundred tool collec­ with a steak tors displaying, buying, selling and dinner (or is trading thousands of fine old tools that stake?) as and you have the makings of the well, though I perfect vacation. don't think my The first night's program was digestive tract can do much with Talking over old times at the Indiana presented by Civil War buff Gib cellulose. Area Meeting, held in March at Abe Young. Gib admitted at the outset I must admit that I was more than Martin Lodge in Brown County - that his know-ledge of the tools for a little surprised when I discovered charter member Dean Garber (left) the period was limited, but no one that the featured speaker on Satur- and M-WTCA past president Ken was disappointed by the program he day night was to be Neil Case, an Runkle. presented. He gave personal glimpses authority on birds, though in retro- extant and extinct. of the famous and not-so-famous spect I can see the wisdom of the Once again, the directors of Area F players in what must surely be called choice of topics, coupled as it was are to be congratulated on another our nation's most important period. with the wild beauty of Brown wonderful weekend filled with tools, An excellent and animated story County. I am pleased to report that nature, guest speakers and good teller, Gib gave a remarkably poi­ Neil is a most engaging speaker, and friends. I only wish they could find a gnant glimpse of life and death we all thoroughly enjoyed his discus- way to make the Spring Meet occur during the Civil War. sion of various species of birds, both more often.

SPOTLIGIIT ON DENVER MARKLAND By Matt Borders southern Indiana town of Vevay will Of all the special "perks" associ­ tell you that much. You may learn ated with membership in the M­ something else about Denver, though, WfCA, the one I enjoy most is the the next time you visit the Smithsonian opportunity to meet some of the most -that's right, the Smithsonian! There gifted and interesting people around. you will encounter the work of Denver Each meeting provides an opportu­ Markland, the model maker. nitytovisit withandlearnfromknowl­ It seems that about 10 years ago, edgeable collectors and historians, as Denver found himself with a bit of well as talented craftsmen who not extra time on his hands while recu­ Denver Markland only collect tools, but are skilled in the perating from open-heart surgery. ana. Not bad for a retired science use of those tools as well. I supposeM-WTCA.ORG I'd Having always been good with his teacher from Switzerland county. rather spend a whole afternoon at the hands, he decided to try his luck at I realized after spending a little table of someone who knows how to reproducing a scale model of a barn time with him, and reading the vari­ work with the tools they are display­ that had been operated by his family ous newspaper articles about him in ing than five minutes at the table of for generations, until the flood of 1937 the Vevay Reveille Enterprise and the someone who knows nothing more left only a memory where the barn Indianapolis Star, that Denver is a than the monetary value of their had been. One thing led to another very special part of our club. Denver wares, and I gather I am not alone in and Markland was asked to make a and others like him, in their quiet, this sentiment. barn to be displayed on the"Always a unpretentious way, keep us in touch With this in mind, I'd like to intro­ River" barge, a sort of floating mu­ with our heritage and remind us that duce you all to Denver Markland, a seum on the Ohio River. After the the greatest value in the tools we man worth looking up at the next barn's debut on the barge last sum­ collect is not monetary, but intrinsic. meeting if you share my enjoyment of mer, it will be displayed this spring at After all, if no one knew what purpose the company of craftsmen. the Smithsonian and then perma­ these compilations of wood and steel Denver, like all of us, is a collector nently housed in the Falls of the Ohio served, they would be good only for of tools; a visit to his shop in the quiet River Museum in Clarksville, lndi- paper weights and door stops. Page5 MEETING NEWS FLORIDA NEWS hand tools and a limited amount of meets ever since we organized. We By Fred Bair, Jr. power equipment. Phil specializes in will miss him! Our love and sympa­ Fine Meet at St. Lucie fine reproduction and restoration of thy to Arie. period pieces and structures empha­ Historical Museum sizing use of early tools. He had a lot Florida M-W Badges The January 11 joint meeting of of fine ones on display and for sale Merrill Schmidt has organized a too! ' Florida Chapters M-WTCNSWEAT deal to resume production of those turned out about 65 registrants (25% The whole pig ordered refused the elegant name tags, a mark of prestige snowbirds) and public attendance honor, so we settled for-succulent among well-dressed Florida Chapter approaching 1,000 for a great day of parts. Peter, son of our hosts, started members, and the envy of all who exhibits, demonstrations, trade and the fire around dusk, surrounded don't have them. Price $10. Order Museum visits. Everything went so himself with pots of mysterious from Smitty, check made out to him well we plan to make it an annual mixtures, and spent the night and and be patient. Send to: Merrill ' event, and run it for two days next morning in culinary ceremonies. Ah, Schmidt, 3612 SE Leonard Lane time. Mark your calendar for Satur­ the aroma! Wet chins began at dawn.· Stuart, FL 34997. ' day-Sunday, January 9-10, 1993. By noon, drool erosion threatened the Among exhibits and demonstra­ lawn. tions (we're sure to leave out some!) This meet concentrated on trading, were Paul Mikula with his Bell although there were a few exhibits AREAK system tools, Edith Maher making and demonstrations. Harley (Steve) pine needle baskets, Schmidt turning Stevens, ace spinner and national MEETING & NEWS out souvenir museum prints on authority on spinning wheels con­ struction and repair, demonstrated By Phyllis Morse Smitty's scale model Gutenberg There were 26 M-WfCA members press, Ted Crom's clockmaker's tool and talked to passers-by. Paul Mikula had his Bell System tools. at the April 18th meeting at the exhibit and bow-drill demonstration Goldsmith Civic Center in Memphis of inlay work, Bill Bilancio's beautiful Edith Maher did her pine baskets and Margaret Bair worked with Botanical Gardens. tools, Dave Holeton's exhibit of beam This location was chosen after two drills (including some very rare bobbin lace. A little one-lunger thought-it-could running a miniature meetings on the grounds of the models) Margaret Bair and her Ornamental Metal Museum were hit bobbin lace, and husband Fred sawmill struggling through a 3" log, and there were others. by heavy rains. The weather this day making rope. was perfect, but we were glad to be Our thanks to Ed Swanson Our thanks to Phil, Harriot and Peter for an extraordinary effort. And inside an air-conditioned building museum division superintend~nt, St. with a kitchen. And, it did rain Lucie County Leisure Services and thanks, Lord, for that fine cool clear weather. heavily that evening. his staff of volunteer helpers f~r Meeting hosts were Dan and hosting the meet, and congratula­ Thumbnail Summary, Phyllis Morse, and Marrin and Mary tions on a very fine Museum! 1992-3 Season Delle Fleet. Tools were exchanged or Sorry about Marion and Betty traded, and many people found at Robinson, and hope there weren't NOTE: Tentative. Details to come in least one new treasure. more like them who didn't catch the Summer Bull Jim Price showed his latest change in location announced in the Oct. 30-31. Friday-Saturday. Missouri find, a beech ultimatum November Bull. They went to Phipps "Y'all come" at Seventh Fall Festival brace in the original velvet roll Park near Stuart. Manatee Springs State Park W. of ' complete with bits. Traditionai Pig Goes To Marketers Gainsville, Chiefland ' Memphis barbecue rapidly disap­ Nov. 7-8. Jamboree, Pioneer ~~~d at noon, and everyone enjoyed At Trade Meet Settlement, Barberville, W. of visiting at lunch. The social debut of Daytona Beach Calum Learn, 3-weeks-old, was an The Florida M-W meeting at Phil Jan. 9-10, '93. St. Lucie Historical added attraction. Three new mem­ and Harriot Baker's five acresM-WTCA.ORG in Museum,Ft.Pierce bers joined at the meeting. rural woods east of Venice (SW coast) Feb. 7 or 14. Ted and Nonie Memphis members Marrin Fleet Saturday, February 8, was well Crom's, Melrose (E. of Gainsville) and Jack House recently turned a 31- under way by Friday afternoon. Mar. ?• "Y'all come" at Spanish inch wooden shield for the forthcom­ Almost 100 registered, and 88 Point, Osprey (S. of Sarasota) ~g Etruscan exhibit at the Memphis showed up, including 17 snowbirds Mar. 13. Renningers Twin Marts Pink Palace Museum. Doug Learn is from the frozen North. Public atten­ Mt. Dora (N. of Orlando) ' helping the other blacksmiths at the dance was light. Apr. 3-4. Fifth Annual Tool Swap Metal Museum in re-creating an The Baker home commands lawn Pioneer Settlement, Barberville ' entire Etruscan suit of armor for the vistas among palmettos below great same exhibit. trees. A separate building houses an Pierce Smith Leaves Us Visitors to Memphis tis summer apartment and fine large workshop. At the recent meet, we learned of should see both the Etruscan exhibit The residence is full of magnificent and "Treasures of the Ottoman original and reproduction antiques the passing of J. Pierce Smith in December. Pierce and Arie have been Empire" at the Cook Convention (mostly 18th century). The shop with Center. an enormous assortment of working regulars at our Florida Chapter Page6 THE WOMEN'S PAGE

WOMEN'S AUXILIARY OFFICERS President Loretta Ring NOTE: All material for The Vice-President Mary Gandenberger Women's Page slwuld be sent to Secretary Edna Schmidt THE GRISTMILL editor, Treasurer Shirley Linstromberg Bonnie Weber, 10 Nappanee Publicity Lyn Callis Drive, Carmel, IN 46032

LINES FROM LORETTA by Loretta Ring, Auxiliary President ON-GOING It's almost time for another Women's Tools, (kitchen, laundry, meeting, and an opportunity to see sewing etc.) has been suggested for APPEAL so many friends a meet a few new the next quilt. Sounds great! Are ones. Judy Heckel has planned there several women who would be We're still planning another some interesting tours and pro­ willing to draw the blocks. We'll all grams. She, as have all previous have an opportunity to complete a Auxiliary Cook Book hostesses, is worrying about every­ block (similar to our display quilt, thing. courtesy of Jim and Pat Mau.) sometime in the future ... My advice? "Let the chips fall Bring your ideas to Decatur and no definite date for publishing. where they may and it'll be great." let's try to have several volunteers to Let her know if you can help, if help draw the blocks. Many hands really Send your recipes to - is needed. make light work. We hope to finish the quilt, and it Loretta Ring should be ready for a raffle at the See you soon, in Decatur, Springfield, Missouri, meeting. Loretta Ring 3S Orchard.Lane Huntington, IN 46750

SELLING LIFE-TIME COLLECTION DUE TO POOR HEALTH OVER 3,000 ANTIQUE COLLECTIBLE TOOLS AND RELATED ITEMS. Large Selection to choose from; one of the Largest Collections in the Southeast. Coopers, Carpenters, Cobblers, Coachmakers, Blacksmith, Tinners, Shipwrights, ~HAPLEIGH DIAMOND EDGE Logging, Lumber, Miners, Farriers, Farm Tools, etc. Wooden TOOL CATALOG NOW AVAILABLE Planes, Braces, Drawshaves, Goosewing and Broad Axes, Adzes, Hatchets, Hammers, Squares, Calipers, Dividers, THIS CATALOG CONTAINS HISTORY, Slicks, All Types of Saws, Bowl Adzes, Others, ILLUSTRATIONS AND PRICE GUIDE ON Drills/Presses, Chisels, Gauges, Levels, Rare 1811 OVER 1300 TOOLS AND ADVERTISING Conestoga Wagon Jack, others. Trappers Tools, Collection ITEMS BASED ON MY PERSONAL COLLECTION. of Scales, and Kitchen Items.M-WTCA.ORG Many Primitives, Rare and Unusual Pieces. No Disappointments. Priced to sell on the premises. TO ORDER - PLEASE CALL Terms: CASH. SELLING BY THE PIECE, IN LOTS OR 314-729-5629 ENTIRE COLLECTION. Also will be selling my ANTIQUE OR WRITE TOY COLLECTION and Related Items. LARRY EDWARDS - RT. 4, BOX 66 GLAD TO SEE YOU ANYTIME, "COME ON DOWN." SALEM, MO 65560

CHARLES R. MAYBURY, MWTCA, MATCA $14.95 PLUS $2.00 SHIPPING & HANDLING Rt. 1 Box 163 (ASK ABOUT DISCOUNT ON QUANTITY ORDERS) Mosheim, Tennessee 37818 615-422-4819 By Appointment Only

Page7 PUZZLED By Hunter Pilkinton First, I need to acknowledge replies on the horse division prob­ lem and the phonograph needle sharpener which missed the origi­ nal deadline, and were overlooked by me for the March issue of THE GRISTMILL. Apologies to Durward Steinmetz of LaFarge, Wisconsin, Steve Scruggs of Longmont, Colo­ rado; H.G. Dewey of Walkersville, Maryland and lastly Guenther Heine of Germany. Apparently no one tried to make the weekend wood project, which is, Q."£j-r10 N of course, an optical illusion, and an interesting mutilation of normal WHAr ,s isometric drawing concepts. Study 0111 ME rE /t. it, and your eyeballs start to feel the Of C 1/l.C t.E ? strain as your brain keeps saying, "It can't be." I had fun drawing it, too. The little problem of finding the fl, P,L J< ,w,otJ diameter of the circle caught several reader's attention. I suggested as a clue that you examine all the options. Some did and saw quickly that the other diagonal of the rectangle was a radius of the circle, Last issue's math stumper. and since diagonals of a square or rectangle are equal, then the diameter of the circle is 2R = 2 X 4" = 8" diameter. When opened and flattened, you have Have fun! Some math buffs did not see the a square hole as promised! Address reply directly to - quick way and struggled through Gregg Helser hit pretty close as he Hunter Pilkinton piles of algebra to get the answer. I suggested using a brake to make two Route 1, Box 180 established the measurements AB = diagonal bends which raises the Waverly, Tennessee 37185 1" and CD = 1 &'16" purely by scale intersection point a bit, then file this (615) 296-3218 measurement, so I was pleasantly point off. And Andrew Sauer of Flat surprised when Ralph Graham of Rock, Indiana was curious enough to San Diego, California came up with enclose a SASE for the answer so he a calculated 7.9902" diameter, wouldn't have to wait! based on a page of mathematics. Now for this issue's diversions. Maybe I should have left off one Problem: A man has 12 sacks of dimension or set a 30-second time coins; 11 of these sacks are filled with TOOLS WANTED limit. Several others confessed to coins weighing 16 ounces each (it's starting a lengthy solution, then only a problem, so forget the one­ OR FOR SALE??? seeing the obvious. pound coins). One sack is filled with Replies were received from coins weighing 15 ounces each. Why not advertise in our own Hunter Martin of Paducah,M-WTCA.ORG KY; How can you find which sack Ivan Risley of Kansas City, MO; contains the 15 ounce coins, with only magazine, Greg Helser of Wheatridge, CO and one weighing on a scale that reads THE GRISTMILL? Francis Pfrank of Schaumburg, IL. direct weight? I got this from a Link No one solved the stumper Belt Letter in 1964, so it is almost a proposed by Lou Hegedus on how to collector's item. What a better way to reach those cut a square hole with sharp 90 Now a puzzle involving scissors of us who are degree corners in a piece of metal and paper. The problem is to take a interested in tools! with only a round rat tail file. piece of paper, about 8 11 x 10" or Obviously, this is a trick and of smaller, and cut a hole in the paper no practical general use, or it would that you can step through and pass To Place Your Ad, Contact­ be a well known technique. The key entirely over your body. No tricks. Gale Zerkle to the trick is to use very thin metal You can put the paper over your head 511 Cookston Ave. that can be easily bent with the and down your body and put it on the Springfield, OH 45503 fingers. Then fold the metal twice floor, then step out of it. No cello­ and file off the corner at 45 degrees. phane tape or paste permitted. Page8 WHATSIT i {.; 'ef "' '? (' C By O.M. Ramsey \,t,hH\'1thhl•hhhhi,h1.\,h\,t.ht,}t1,l,hl,hhhtihhhkl•f•hli!,l,1.LJ1!,j,I, i,,d i. ,1 ,,., 1, ,) Hopefully some ofyou loyal "Whatsit" watchers will still respond to some of the questions raised in the last issue of THE GRISTMILL, but deadline time is upon us, even though you've only had a week to think about them and write back. And that is something a lot of us don't always get done as soon as we should. To compound the problem, my car got totalled at an intersection two days ago. Needless to say, I'm still pretty sore and stiff, and more than a little bit irritated at the guy that ran the traffic light. I hope I can get this column together in spite of it all. I just ran across a very interesting book, "How to be A Successful Inven­ tor," ISBN #0-471-53446-3. The main Iteml. thrust of it is aimed at the business end of inventing and marketing this new pet of yours. However, it also includes an endless amount of current informa­ tion on the workings of the patent of­ fice. Now for the good stuff - Item #1 is a wire-constructed device somewhat like an old soap tray would have been made. It obviously hangs from the wall and has four bails that pivot from the back, with about an inch of clearance space between them and the back ver­ tical wires. It would appear that some consumable product is dispensed out of the bottom and that it slides down as it is used. Then there is a rubber covered crossbar across the front bottom edge. It would seemingly be for dispensing some household product. Item# 2: We have had at several Item 2. swap meet sessions, t.o no avail to date as to its purpose. It would have to be called a duel, adjustable width young the attachment between cattlenose grip such as is used as a operator and said bull has ' $ "' single unit, with provision for a rope been well separated, and Jddd •hh ,h'>dfh >{ tthlsi.~h t l i,1~,s~ 11 ,ii, lead. The size of the nostril grips would said operator had better indicate it would have to be for a very have already been long young animal. The only purpose that over the fence. Any leader comes to mind would be as a training attachment to a bull is device for young oxen to becomeM-WTCA.ORG accus­ done by piercing a hole tomed to working side by side, but we through the nose cartilage, still need to find a purpose for the turn and inserting a ring. This down tab on the width adjusting bolt. is permanent, and is in­ Also, only 9-1/2 inches spacing between stalled when the animal units would be a little too close for that is young and manageable. use. For the benefit of those that keep At first glance, Item #3 saying it is a "bull" lead, I have serious appears somewhat like a doubts that anyone who ever tried to fish scaler. But upon closer lead a bull with a grabbing devise ever inspection the serrations Item 3. lived long enough to tell about it, for the are teeth for a gear drive mechanism of simple reason that the critter is much sorts. There are 23 teeth on a four-and­ ably it would be used as a means to 'agin any such doing. He paws the one-halfinchradius, and they are spaced partially rotate some sort of gear train ground real thoroughly, snorts a few approximately three-sixteenths of an mechanism in order to correctly posi­ times, blows out a large volume of snot inch apart. The handle is a red compo­ tion it, or possibly for purposes of clean­ and upon this lubrication ofthe nostrils sition or bakelite material. Presum- ing. Page9 THE SPIRAL SCREWDRIVERS OF ISAAC ALLARD RA. HOWARD AND J. W. JONES ' By Clifford D. Fal,es tion that their first observance of one of sized screws is an entire revolution. It This study is focused on a series of these tools was from a "newcomer from sa_ves Jif lly two-thirds of the time, as it spiral screwdrivers patented by Isaac t~e ~ast," a:r_id that a company of their will d~ve screll!s in either soft or hard Allard, F. A. Howard, and J. W. Jones significant size had difficulty obtaining wood i7: one-third of the time taken by and manufactured by the latter two of even a sample, it might be concluded an ordinary screw driver. It is these men. that the tool was not marketed initially operated by simply pushing on the The e?-1'liestexamples ofthe racheting through normal commercial channels. handl,e, screwdrivers and the simplest (clock­ Indeed, the above 1883 notice states CAUTION: BE SURE AND OIL wise only) versions of the Archimedean that they are available not only through OFI'EN. THERE IS GREAT FRIC­ screwdrivers begin t.o appear in tool the "hardware trade" but by mail from TION, AND THE TOOL WILL LAST catalogs and related literature in the the manufacturer. The excerpt from TWICE AS LONG IF PROPERLY late 1880s and the early 1890s (see Fig. the Strelinger catalog follows: OILED. 1?- _The spiral screwdrivers with a pro­ SPIRAL SCREW DRIVERS In the past ten or fifteen years we V1sion for some sort of mechanical re­ ha':<1,kd eighteen different makes of lease on the return stroke with a re­ This articl,e is intend£d not so m~h as a history of Spiral Screw SP_iral Sere'-'! Drivers, including versing !eature ~d.with ~ racheting thirty-two different sizes and styl,es. feature m combmabon with the me­ Dnvers, but as a history of our expe,:ience with Spiral Screw Drivers. Amo_ng the": the Allard, Baush, chanical release begin t.o show up about Ra~id, Ellnch, Forest City, Eureka, 10 years later. At different times during the years 1877 and 1878 we had a number of Eclipse, Ekctric, Goodell, Howard­ calls for a screw driver that operated Al?a,rd, Jones, Haberl,e, Muell,er, by pushing. The inquirers had heard Mill,ers Falls, f>rior's, Reed's, Shaver of it, and an occasional inquirer a~ Wright. At the time of compiling stated that he had seen one but we this catalog we had in stock el,even of could in no conceivabl,e way locate one the for~going_makes and styl,es (the of these drivers, or obtain a sampl,e other six having been discarded on and we had about come to the conclu­ acco~nt of their having no special sion that the Spiral Screw Driver ment). In order to avoid multiplicity w<:-5 a ''Will~, the Wisp" (a sort of and confusion we found it necessary cut down this line, retaining only (airy ~l,e as. it were), and existed only to in the imaginations of the inquirers such as were, in our judgment the when one day a cabinet-maker ' best in their respective classes.' As all employed by the Pullman Car Co. of the el,even styl,es had more or l,ess <;ame into our store, and incidentally merit, it was not altogether an easy informed us that one of his . matter to d£cide which should be shopmates, a newcomer from the kept, and so every point had to be East, had one of these drivers. go~ over a,:uJ, C;Jnsidered carefully. Fig. 1: Announcement in Without going into details too CARPENTRY & BUILDING At some littl,e pains and expense we secured this driver, and were thus much,and perhaps for the reason of magazine, October, 1883 demonstrating how thoroughly all the The earli~st documentation for a spi­ enabl,ed to get the name and address 9f the manufacturers. It was the various tScrewdriver altogether the most ingenious and manufactured by F. A. Howard of years later the supply ceased. The only reason we could l,eam was that compl,ete tool in this line that we have Belfast, Maine. Although there are ever seen. It has more motions than earlier patents for some screwdriver the demand had grown so, that the M-WTCA.ORGmaker was_unabl,e to supply it, on any other, and many improvements features such as ratchets, the 1868 account of insufficient machinery, but the mechanism is rather compkx. Allard patent is the earliest I have been chuf:k for holding the bits is a~ so ~ stopped making them The able t.o fmd for a spiral screwdriver. insufficient, and we do not believe The quaint discourse on spiral screw­ entirely in order to build more ma­ chinery. We always thought this was that it has either the strength or drivers in the 1895 & 1897 CHARLES wearing qualities of the others. A. STRELINGER catalogs mentions a very queer proceeding, but, at any rate, other styl,es were brought out The Muell,er Driver is a strong that the company had received requests practical tool, well made, but for the for spiral screwdrivers as early as 1877. from time to time, and this class of screw driver is almost as well known 1!1ork for which a Spiral Screw Driver The inquiries came from persons who is best adapted, we think it is too had seen such tools and wanted t.o know - if not quite as commonly used - as the ordinary styl,e. heavy. There have been four improve­ where they could be procured. After ments since the Allard was first investigation, the Strelinger Co. con­ The Spiral Screw Driver ranks among the most wonderful labor­ perfected. First, the chuck or holder cluded that the tool sought was the by which the tools could be changed, saving tools ever invented, and this "Allard," which they subsequently be­ so that different sizes of bits could be method of driving small and medium gan t.o carry in stock. Since they men- continued on next page

Page 10 Spiral Screwdrivers/continued model and in another with the generic 1874 ALLARD PATENT designation - "The Spiral Screw­ Although the description of this driver." The appearance of these, how­ patent states that it is an improvement used. Second, the right and left spiral ever, more closely resembles the 1874 (see Fig. 3448), so that the tool couul of his 1868 patent, it has very little in Allard patent and the examples in Fig. common with the earlier patent other be run either hand. Third, the loose 1 and Fig 4. collar (see Fig. 344 7), which remains than the parts it would need to be stationary while the shaft revolves; classified as a spiral screwdriver. The and Fourth, the continuous motion in essential element is the clutch which one direction. There is but one driver engages the shank upon downward that contains all of these points - the motion of the handle for driving a screw Forest City - and this, for reasons and releases it when the handle is stated above, we felt obliged to leave withdrawn for the next stroke. In all out. The No. 22 (Fig. 3448) contains the examples I have observed the ar­ the three points first named. rangement for engagement of the two TO SUM UP - We believe that the clutch surfaces is two rectangular line of Spiral Screw Drivers shown notches and projections rather than here embraces all the best qualities the series of pins and holes shown in the which can possibly be found in this patent illustration. class of tools. ISAAC ALLARD The original patent.ee, Isaac Allard (1822-1884) began work as a watch­ maker in 1840. Business directory listings for Allard for the years 1849- Fig. 2: 1868 Allard patent 1882 indicate that in addition to first illustration. The force of the spring being listed as "watchmaker and re­ when released is intended to drive pairer," he moved on to being listed as the screw. "notary, machinist, jeweler, silver and F.A.HOWARD silver plate dealer, fancy goods dealer." F. A. Howard (1830-1903) was a One might speculate that his "upward machinist working in Belfast, who with mobility" might have had something to partner Hollis M. A. Poor, operated as do with his marrying the daughter of TheHowardMfg. Co.from 1865to 1876 the machinist, watchmaker and "fancy manufacturing an adjustable mitering goods dealer" to whom he apprenticed. machine (patented by himself) and a 1868 ALLARD PATENT proof press. He began operating under Fig. 3: 1874 Allard patent The earliest example in this series is the name of F. A. Howard in 1876. At illustration. Note the reduced represented by the Isaac Allard patent some point he obtained an interest in diameter of the shaft for holding the of August 4, 1868. According to the Isaac Allard's screwdriver patent and bit against the screw; this was manufactured it. Belfast directory list­ replaced by a free collar on some of patent description, the principal fea­ the later models. tures of the patent are for (1) the spring ings show that the phrase "spiral screw action which was intended to drive the drivers" was added to his entry in 1890 screw: " ... the recoil of the spring will even though, based on information in­ force the shank from the tube, which cluded here, he undoubtedly was pro­ revolves at the same time, thus turning ducing them before that date. In 1895 the screw into the wood," and (2) a his son, William Russell Howard en­ latching button to lock the shaft. Nei­ tered the firm and from then until 1901 ther of these features are seen on any of it was known as F.A Howard and Son. the actual examples studied here, two of which continued to carry the 1868 patent date. It would seem that the idea of using the spring actionM-WTCA.ORG to actu­ ally drive the screw was one that looked intriguing on paper but did not work in actual practice. Obviously Allard and Howard abandoned the spring driven approach because succeeding models did not incorporate a spring, even for Fig. 4: Example #1 (c.1874-1892) the purpose of returning the shaft to signed: F. A. Howard/- Maker-/ position for the next stroke. Eventu­ Belfast, Me. Allard's Pat./ Aug. 4 ally, however, Howard did incorporate 1868/Nov. 241874 a positive spindle lock in his 1892 patent. It should be noted that both the It is doubtful if this original version Mr. Howard's 1893 house still stands above patents predate significantly the was actually manufactured; I am not 1882 A. H. Reid patent for his bit stock aware of any examples. Catalogs from in obviously well maintained condition on Belmont Street in - advertised as the "Lightning Brace" the 1880s show illustrations identified Belfast. in one instance as the"Allard's Patent" continued on page 12 Page 11 Spiral Screwdrivers The friction spring to insure engage­ continued from page 11 ment of the clutch is included in the examples pictured in Fig. 7 (example 3) but in reality a screwdriver-of which & Fig. 8 (example 4). we see so many examples. Even by Although the one-piece, non-remov­ 1882 the Reid model did not incorpo­ able bit in Fig. 6 (example 3) would rate any mechanical means for releas­ appear to come chronologically before ing the shaft on the return stroke but the removable bit models shown in Fig. instead relied upon the driving hand 4 (example 2) and Fig. 7 (example 3), it shifting to the inner, free-wheeling must be placed later because of the handle. inclusion of "Son" in the name. To gain some perspective onthe place of Allarq/Howarq/Jones, consider a few Fig. 6: Example #2 ( c.1892-1894) other patents for spiral screwdrivers signed: F. A. Howard/- Maker-/ and theirpatentdates-thewellknown Belfast, Me, Pat. Aug 41868/Nov 24 Decatur Coffin Co/Eureka/C. H. Olson 1874/ Mar 11892 (1884),J.R.Doolittle(l886),H.Mueller The indefinite engagement of the· (1889), A. D. & H. E. Goodell (1890), G. clutch and.nut was apparently found to E. Gay & J. H. Parsons (1892) and be a problem in the examples in Fig. 4 Zachary Furbish assigned to North (example 1) & Fig. 6 (example 2) when Brothers (1895). The one patent which held with the bit pointed downward. In comes closest in date, is that of William this position gravity would pull the Hofer, New Haven, Connecticut (1869) clutch nut toward the bit and away for a model which very closely resembles from the clutch. This shortcoming the 1884 C. H. Olson. prompted the need for some means of 1892 HOWARD PATENT ensuring consistent engagement of the This patent claimed improvement clutch and prompted the introduction on the 1874 Allard patent with the of an expanding spring surrounding inclusion of a "friction-spring" to insure the clutch nut exerting friction to pre­ engagement of the nut with the clutch. vent it from dropping. Strangely how­ Fig. 8: Example #4 (c. 1895-1901) It incorporated a positive lock for the ever, the latter example, even though signed: Made by /F. A. Howard & spindle when in the closed position. showing the 1892 patent date, does not Son/Belfast, Me/U.S.A./Pat. Mar 1 Improvement was also made to the include the friction spring. 1892 method of attaching the handle to the The other significant addition in this Examples 3 & 4 are signed the same tube. Longitudinal grooves were added improved patent was a notch in the and apparently fall into the same time on the inside of the tube to preclude rear end of the spindle which engaged period of manufacture. Two character­ slippage from rotary motion and an with a crosswise pin in the handle to istics set example 4 apart from the ·annular groove around the circumfer­ provide a positive lock for the shaft and others: (1) It was manufactured with­ ence of the tube compressed the metal thus prevent the shaft from rotating out the removable bit which all the of the tube into the wood to secure the and forcing the handle out when turned other models except the earliest in­ handle from pulling off the tube. counterclockwise for screw removal. clude. (2) It was manufactured with This example (Fig. 6 - example 2) only 2 spiral grooves in contrast to the must be considered earlier than Fig. 7 4 spiral grooves on all the other uni­ (example 3) & Fig. 8 (example 4) be­ directional models. cause it does not include the "son" in the These two characteristics seem to .:JJ- . ' name. argue that this model was thelowpriced,

<:- ( "competitive" model, whereas example 4 was the then standard model, with the improvement of the addition of a e,81_..._,.,.,r free turning rinwgrip behind the bit chuck to aid in guiding the bit and .. . ,C .;':. M-WTCA.ORGholding it in place for the withdrawal stroke. These two models (examples 3 f15 .5, 8 & 4) are not illustrated or listed in any .7.l .,. of the catalogs and related literature

,t l studied. continued on next page Fig. 5: 1892 Howard patent illustration. Improvements added are a friction spring for the clutch and a spindle lock in the closed position Fig. 7: Example #3 (c. 1895-1901) signed: Made by/ F. A. Howard & Son/ Belfast, Me/ U.S.A. Pat. Mar 1 1892 Page 12 Spiral Screwdrivers his name does not appear on the tool continued from page 12 even after his patents were granted it ELECTRIC will have to be assumed that he was an employee of F. A. Howard. SCREWDRIVERS For comparison it can be noted that One missing piece in this tale is a the North Brothers patent for the re­ connection to the "Electric" screwdriv­ versing feature (double spiral on the ers. There are screwdrivers which are same shaft) was granted in 1895 and identical in construction and handle the Goodell patent with the reversing shape to the example in Fig. 8 (ex­ feature (right hand spiral telescoping ample4) but which bear the 1874 Allard into the left hand spiral) was granted in patent date and are signed: NYM'fg'r's 1897 and both were probably not of­ Co./New York/ELECTRIC/Pat. Nov. fered for sale until about 1898. 24 1874. These are also found in a small size (8½" closed) which has not been found in those signed "Allard's I Patent" or "F. A. Howard." However, ;' ! " ,. :a there is one catalog listing for the .r. •• -.:a Allard's Patent in two sizes at an ear­ l'JPs -~:i"- ~- . Fig. 11: J. W. Jones 1895 patent lier date (1888). A further question is: illustration. Jones' Improved Why are the Electric screwdrivers Reversible Model marked with only with 1874 patent when they do indeed include the fric­ tion spring of 1892 patent? 1892 JONES PATENT This patent introduced a left hand spiral on the same shaft and therefore the ability to reverse the action to remove screws with the same hand motion used to drive screws. The change of direction of rotation was effected by sliding the exterior ring in Fig. 9: 1892 J. W. Jones patent one direction or the other, thereby con­ illustration. First model with trolling which ends of the rocking lever reversible feature. enter the clutch chamber and control­ ling which of the two clutches is en­ Fig.12: Example 6 (c.1895-1901) gaged. A disadvantage observed in signed: Made by/ F. A. Howard & this model is the inability to lock the Son/Belfast, Me U.S.A./Pat'd July shaft in a fixed position. This model 2395 omits the free griJicollar which was previouslyused(example 3). This model (example 5) is shown in the 1895 CHAS. A. STRELINGER & CO. catalog. It is curious to note that this patent by J. W. Jones for the earliest revers­ ing spiral screwdriver and the above patent by F. A. Howard for improve­ ments in the uni-directional spiral screwdriver were both granted on the same date; furthermore, each of these inventors served as a witness to the other's patent description (not included Fig. IO: Example 5 (c.1892-1895) M-WTCA.ORGsigned: F. A. Howard/- Maker-/ here). Belfast, Me./ Jones' Pat./Mar 1 Only the scant information of a 1892 Belfast directory listing as "machinist" Fig. 13: Left: Goodell Pratt chuck has been found for J. W. Jones. Since 1895 JONES PATENT nut; Right: Howard/Jones chuck The modifications and improve­ nut). Note similarity of chuck nut on ments in this patent by J. W. Jones to Goodell Pratt and Howard/Jones the reversing mechanism of his 1892 screwdrivers. patent appear to be substantial. The The style of the cartouche (Fig. 14) mechanism in inclosed in the barrel with inward rounded corners used for and the reversing is accomplished by the signature and patent information rotating the barrel in either direction. begun by Howard was continued in the The free griJicollar appears again on same style through all of the examples this model. studied here.

continued on page 14 Page 13 Spiral Screwdrivers Aclcnowledgements continued from page 14 Belfast Museum, Inc., Andrew Kuby, ANTIQUE & USED TOOLS Curator Quality, older hand tools for Maine State Museum, Brian M. Sipe, collectors and woodworkers. Curator of Decorative Arts Illustrated lists published 5 References times a year. Carpentry & Building, New York, SUBSCRIPTION> $10.00 David Williams Company, October CURRENT LIST> $ 2.50 1883 BOB KAIJSE specializing in r. A Howard Allard's Pat. WOODWORKERS TOOLS, Detroit, - Maker ­ Aug.4, 1868 Charles A. Strelinger & Co., Detroit Belfast. Me. Nov.24, 1874 1895 ' WOODWORKERS TOOLS, Detroit, ~ buy and sell Charles A. Strelinger& Co., 1897 - reprinted by Mid-West Tool Collectors 5 1 I W . I Ith • Port Angeles, WA 98:362 Association, 19 79 (206) 452-2292 Belfast and Camden Directory, Ayer, · Mass., E. B. Butterfield, 1890 Fig.14: Style of AllarcVHowarcV Vital Records of Belfast, Maine, Jones markings Portland, Maine Historical Society, ~\_-\PWl--/fh CONCLUSION & 1919 ANTIQUE & USED ~)- HYPOTHESIS 1849 Mercantile Union Business ~ After the study of these products of Directory Part I -Maine, New York, •TOOLS• the machine shop of approximately one Pratt & Co., 1849 hundred years ago a non-machinist 1855 Maine Business Directory, cannot help but gain a enormous re­ Boston, George Adams, 1855 spect for the machinists and toohnak­ Maine Register, State Year-Book and ers represented here. Legislative Manual, Portland, G. M. I have the feeling that many of the Donham, 1893 features of the Allarq/HowarcVJones Williamson, Joseph, History of the screwdrivers are in some way carried City of Belfast in the State of Maine, Vol. II, Houghton Mifflin Company, on in those later manufactured by the 2722 W. Union Ave. firms ofGoodell Brothers, Goodell Pratt Boston & New York, 1913 Englewood, Colorado 80110 and Millers Falls. The similarity of the WOODWORKERS' TOOLS, chuck nut and the removable bit on Philadelphia, Wm. P. Walters, 1888 303• 795•5650 many ofthe screwdrivers manufactured Republican Journal, (Belfast, Maine), Sale Catalog Published by these firms to the style used by October 1, 1903 (obituary-F. A. Several Times A Year Howard andJones are too striking to be Howard) coincidental. I have been unable at I·3 Issues for $5°0 I this time, to document a link with ~y of the above three firms. It is my hope that, in time, this hypothesis can be proven and documented. "TRADITIONAL WOODWORKING TOOLS" When in London visit DERMONT AND CYNTHIA ROCHE FOR A LARGE SELECTION OF M-WTCA.ORGQUALITY ENGLISH AND EUROPEAN TOOLS AT ANTIQUE TOOL CHELSEA GALLERIES AUCTION 67 PORTOBELLO ROAD LONDON W II 2 Q B November 7. 1992 7:30 A.M. - 4 P.M. SATURDAYS ONLY Indianapolis, Ind. OR BY APPOINTMENT 081 291 0807 ALL MAIL ENQUIRIES TO: See Sept. Gristm; II 27 CANONBIE ROAD for details. · FOREST HILL LONDON SE 23 3 AW ~RISLEY AUCTION SERVICE .....

Page 14 THE MAN WHO MADE A HAMMER by Ron Baird and Jim Mau Most of the writers who have were present at the time oftheir father's chronicled the inventiveness, genius, funeral in 1818. David was the sixth and hard work of our early industrial child of this union. leaders completely overlooked David Being a member of so large a family, Maydole. Perhaps the product to which David learned the real need of working Maydole devoted his life, the hammer, in his early childhood. Thus, at an early was not as exciting as the horseless age-the traits of prudence and industry carriage, the electric light, or the cotton were formed in him, the effects of which gin. Nevertheless, the David Maydole would endure throughout his lifetime. story is interesting and inspirational. His early schooling was begun in Sha­ DavidMaydole overcame his humble ron and was concluded during several start in life and several calamities to years in Cortland County where the become one of the giants of America's family had moved in 1816 to the town of early toolmaking industry. His story Marathon, New York. When David was was important enough that James eleven years old, his father died. From Garfield, shortly before his election to then on he experienced little but hard the Presidency of the United States, work. used the Maydole story for the text of Until 1822 he was employed by dif­ an address "Elements of Success" to a ferent farmers, being able to attend David Maydole Washington D.C. business college. some school classes only on a part time James, who was also a blacksmith. One author,JamesParton,did write basis during the winter months. In They attempted to purchase the about David Maydole. His 1884 work, January of 1822, soon after reaching Gardner and Abbott scythe factory in Captains of Industry, devotes a chap­ his fifteenth birthday, he became an Eaton, connected to which was a water ter to this man whose goal in life was to apprentice under the tutelage ofJames wheel and 60 acres of farm land. David make the best hammer. Parton places Glover of Oxford, New York. Histori­ spent the remainder of the year work­ Maydole on a par with Henry Besse­ ans describe Glover as an exceptionally ing the farm land and preparing for the mer, Horace Greely, and Peter Cooper, skilled toolmaker and blacksmith as business he was planning. When it all kings of industry. David Maydole well as a teacher of the first order. Mr. came time to consummate the pur­ was born January 27, 1807 in the town Glover was also appointed the guard­ chase with the owners, a flawed deed of Seward, Sohaharie County, New ian of young David. caused the brothers to back out of the York. His father's lineage was Scot­ When he finished his apprentice­ deal. Irish, and his mother was of Dutch ship in 1828 David went to Eaton, New In 1840 Mr. Maydole was persuaded descent. Alexander Maydole, the fa­ York and entered into partnership with to leave Eaton to form a partnership therofDavid, was born in East Albany, his brother,Jacob.Jacob had completed with Levi Ray in an old stone black­ Rensseleer County, New York where his apprenticeship as a blacksmith a smith shop in Norwich, New York. By he served as an apprentice shoemaker few years earlier. This partnership this time David had become an ac­ for some six years. After completion of lastedtwoyears, until 1830, whenDavid knowledged expert in the manufacture the apprenticeship he traveled to Sha­ sold his interest to Jacob. At this time of edge tools and carriage springs, and ron, New York, where, with his awl and he make an agreement with Gardner this was his special part in the busi­ last he labored several years. Alexander andAbbott, manufacturers ofedge tools, ness. and his wife, Anna Vanvalkenburg, to work at his trade for them for one As a blacksmith, DavidMaydole was were the parents of twelve children, year. At the completion of this year he well aware that hammers, as they were nine of which grew to maturity and went into partnership with David then made, were completely unsatis­ Abbott of Lebanon in the edge tool factory. The hammer head would come business. This partnership lasted two off the handle too easily and always at years at which time David returned to the wrong time. Hammer faces were Eaton, New York and bought a chair too soft, causing them to mushroom, or factory. too brittle, causing them to chip and M-WTCA.ORGAttached to the chair factory was a break. He had done considerable ex­ F.arly hammers were shaped like this. water wheel which was utilized when perimentation on improving the ham­ David converted the factory to a black­ mer. David decided to enlarge the eye smith establishment. Here he con­ by drawing it below the normal bottom ducted business in edge tools, carriage of the head, and to enlarge the size of springs and general blacksmith work. the eye opening at the top of the head. This blacksmith establishment was (See Figure 1) When properly wedged, large enough for four fires; yet, in 1837 this new design made the top of the David began to enlarge the facility in handle similar to the common adz. anticipation of building wagons for the The term "adz eye" has been used to Chicago market. Before he could com­ describe this type of hammer ever since. plete the addition a fire destroyed the A page from the D. Maydole & Co. 1868 Maydole's Adz Eye Hammer building plus all of his stock. catalog shows how little change there That same year (1838), undaunted has been in the appearance of claw by the huge loss, David formed a part­ Figure 1 nership with his younger brother, continued on page 16 Page 15 David Maydole - suffered another setback when a fire M&lOOL&'a CAn' an.a. ILUfMEM. destroyed the entire building that continued from page 15 - '. ------Adz Eye Bammel'll. housed his shop, including all the con­ hammers over the years. (See Figure 2) tents. David's loss was considerable for Maydole's other experiments had dealt that time, $1,500 over the insurance with mixing of ores and tempering the .] coverage. steel. David's interest in improving the In true form David was undaunted hammer had been for his own use since Noa. I II .2 3 \\','lib~ i•. 4ua.. IL. 1:iu.. by this disaster. He purchased the en­ f 11 ... the hammer was an important tool for tire site from the owners, and set about the blacksmith trade. Adz Eye Bell Face Hammel'll. repairing the damage. By January of Certainly in the then small town of 1849 Mr. Maydole resumed manufac­ Norwich, New York there would not ) turing in a new two story facility. He have been a local market for more than later enlarged that building by adding a dozen hammers a year. It was at this a third story. Noa. I II 2 3 time of his life, soon after locating in ~\\'•'lib~ 11!.. S... JI!.. l:lua. 1... Over the years 12 additions were Norwich, that the event that led to made to the hammer factory. The David Maydole's being in the hammer Joiners' Hammen. Maydole Factory was situated along business occurred. The year was 1840, the Chenango Canal. The lock's waste and six carpenters had come to town to l waters provided power to the Maydole build a church. One of the men had water wheel. Noa. o (Bo•l I II 2 3(11,.J) forgotten to bring his hammer, so he f I..._ In 1864 a 60 horse power Corliss came to the blacksmith shop to have W"llb~l.._lloo. 1•.:io.. Ill.>&. 1... ·- ···· -- · -· - ---- engine was added to enable increased one made. production. By 1891 the factory's 1200- At this time in his experimentation, Figure2 hammers-a-day capacity was being David had arrived with some notion of the hammers that he could produce. overtaxed, and the company was fall­ what a hammer ought to be. He knew This was the beginning of the hammer ing behind on supplying orders. During he was able to produce a very superior careerofDavidMaydole. It gave him an 1891 a new two hundred horse power article. He was not sure, however, that opportunity to enlarge his shop. engine, more machinery, and a new the carpenter wanted the best. He asked In the summer of 1845 he leased on building of brick construction to house him about his willingness to pay a good half of a building on the site that later it all were added to the factory. An price, remarking, "But perhaps you became the location of the Maydole undated postcard (Figure 3) shows the don't want to pay for as good a hammer Hammer Factory. Here he commenced factory as it appeared after several as I can make." To this the carpenter the manufacture of edge tools on his additions, probably in the late 1800s. replied, "Yes I do. I want the best ham­ own account and in his own name. In Most references on Maydole suggest mer you can make." this building he began the manufac­ that he often lamented the fact that he So the tool was made, and the car­ ture of the adz eye hammer and other never patented the adz eye hammer. penter had, perhaps, the best hammer hammers in quantities. The partner­ As the popularity of the Maydole ham­ ever made. To say that the carpenter ship that existed in the blacksmithing mer increased, others began to copy its was satisfied with his new hammer business with Mr. Ray was dissolved in design. However, the quality of the would be a mild expression of his feel­ the spring of 1847, and from that time ·Maydole hammer was not only in its ings. He took great delight in showing on Maydole's attention was devoted to shape. it to his fellow workers. The very next the hammer business. For 25 years after his first success day the other five carpenters were at In the year 1848 David Maydole continued on page 17 the Maydole shop, each requesting that a similar hammer be made for them. The contractor who had hired the carpenters also went to the blacksmith shop to have two hammers made for himself. He intimated toDavidMaydole that he should make his hammers a little better than those David had made for the others. "I can't make any better ones," said honest David. "WhenlM-WTCA.ORG make a thing, I make it as well as I can no matter who it is for." Soon the storekeeper of the village gave David an order for two dozen hammerswhichheplacedonhisshelves for sale. Not long after that a dealer in tools named Wood whose store was located on Chatham street in New York was in the area taking orders for tools. While in the storekeeper's shop he saw the Maydole hammers; and, recogniz­ ing their superior quality, bought them all. Before he left Norwich, he gave David Maydole a standing order for all Figure 3 Page 16 David Maydole continued from page 16 -:::II'i.!J, 2#. Jd with the hammer, David Maydole con­ I tinued to experiment and perfect his hammer. Those experiments involved the best wood for handles, the shape of ~ IC)I~~ f the handle, the best steel, proper weight I and balance for the hammer. As im­ ·::::zn,::, :.t& . ~& provements were discovered, they were incorporated into the hammer regard­ less of cost. Craftsmen recognized the superior quality and continued to buy Maydole's hammers over those of the many com­ panies who tried to copy it. The im­ ~ Jl' provements resulting from David -::F'i!J...ZIF. I Maydole's experimentation did little to change the appearance of his original hammer design. ( l□ ~<~ The Maydole Company did not stoop i ~ to gimmickry, often practiced by their :::F'r9. ..Z'T. J~ competitors, to sell hammers. There were no nail-holding hammers for one armed carpenters, no hinged claws for pulling out headless nails, and no ham­ mer heads held on with screws. The one exception to this policy appears to be the target-faced, 20-ounce claw ham­ ~ mer shown on the next page. This ham­ mer has not been dated, but it is pre­ sumed to have been manufactured af­ ter 1900. Up until 1875 the work in the Maydole factory was done by hand re­ quiring the employment of 120 men. In that year trip hammers and forging dies were introduced in the Norwich plant. With the new dies and equip­ ment 48 men could do one-third more Figure4 work than the previous woi-k force of Maydole hammer patents have been ees. The hammer company, thenrun by 120men. found. However, on August 16, 1870 his sons-in-law, continued to grow. In The dies that made this improve­ David Maydole was granted patent 1902 a new, brick construction, two­ ment in manufacturing of the hammer number 106.495 concerning an im­ story mill was added. Two more brick were the invention of David Maydole. provement in springs for piston pack­ buildings, one a grinding room, the This time he did seek protection of his ing. other a tempering room, were built inventions. On November 23, 1876 ExamplesofMaydolehammers quite before 1908. In that year a new forge David Maydole filed for the first of four commonly turn up in collections, muse­ shop, with two rows ofpresses its entire patents granted him for the improve­ ums, andoftenatfleamarkets. Maydole 180 foot length, was built. The last ment in manufacturing hammers us­ edge tools are rare, David Maydole at building to be built was a reinforced ingforgingdies. Patent number 186,588 one time also manufactured ice skates. concrete woodworking shop, finished (Figure 4) which was issued on Janu­ Several articles from the 1850s that in 1911. ary 23, 1877, thoroughly describesM-WTCA.ORG the were researched made reference to the In 1923 the installation of a 400 process used to produce the adz eye "famous Maydole ice skates." A local horse power engine made it possible to hammer using dies and a three heat newspaperreported that, "Mr. Maydole, run the entire factory operation electri­ procedure. who had begun to manufacture skates, cally. Much other new equipment con­ Two more patents were issued for had the basin by his factory plowed and tinued to be installed up to 1939. The improvements to the original one. troughs dug, in order to produce a good management of the Maydole company Patent number 186,590 was issued on sheet of ice. "The photo on the next page was in the hands of the Maydole family the same day as the original patent, shows the Maydole ice skates that are for over 84 years. During the period and the other one, number 196,917 was on display at the Chenango County from 1847 to 1864 David Maydole car­ issued on November 6, 1877. An addi­ historical museum in Norwich, New ried on alone with the exception of tional patent was issued to D. Maydole York. three years. From 1851 to 1854 N.B. on April 1, 1879. This patent, number At the time ofDavidMaydole's death, Hale was his partner. Little is known 213,766, described the dies used and October 14, 1892, the Maydole ham­ about Mr. Hale and his role in the the method followed in the forging of a mer factory was the largest hammer operation of the company. straight peen hammer. No other factory in the country with 115 employ- continued on page 18 Page 17 David Maydole continued from page 15 New York was the presidentofMaydole Tool Company. The burned out shell of the factory continued to stand while futile attempts to revive the company were made. In 1970 a repair or demol­ ish order was sent to the then owner of the property, Herbert Diamond of Binginham, New York. In September of 1970 the buildings were demolished, and the three and one half acre site was cleared. David Maydole's business philoso­ phy was such that he always made the best product possible regardless of cost. He did not try to compete in price. He did not advertise nationally, yet his hammers sold worldwide. He never pushed his product, relying on others to spread the word ofhis unequalled qual­ ity. For the most part he guided the business with nothing but success. Even during business downturns of1857 and Target-faced, ~unce claw hammer [Don Mohler] 1873 The Maydole Tool Company fared better than its competitors. In 1861 Maydole took his son-in­ time, still under the leadership of Wil­ Maydole's worldwide success is best law, Charles H. Merritt, into the com­ liam Curran, the company started pro­ demonstrated by relaying a favorite pany as an associate. With that reor­ ducing radiant glass heaters and radi­ anecdote. It seem that a transplanted ganization the firm name became D. ant glass clothes dryers. The clothes EnglishmanlivinginNorwichhad tired Maydole & Co. Cyrus B. Martin, hus­ dryer was sold under the trade name of the constant reminder of what a band of David's other daughter, who "Dri-Master."The heater company was great tool the Maydole hammer was. became a member of the firm in 1877. short-lived, closing about 1954. After all, manufacturers in England David Maydole did not have any The fortunes of The Maydole Tool made great tools, too. To prove his point sons. After David's death in 1892 his Company continued to diminish, and he sent back to his homeland to have sons-in-law continued to run the busi­ in 1957 a fire destroyed the century old his own hammer shipped to him. When ness. Charles H. Merritt was the presi­ hammer plant. Up to that time the it arrived it turned out that the great dent. The business continued to flour­ plant was still making hammers. At hammer he had left behind was a ish under their guidance through the the time of the fire, Morris Newmark of Maydole. early 1900s. January 1, 1931 marked the pass­ ing of the Maydole family from active management of the company. At this time the company was reorganized, and the name Maydole Tool Company came into being. By 1939 the name Mahew-Maydole was being used and much new heavy machinery was in­ stalled. That same year and order for 600 dozen hammers was sent to Nor­ way. There were 40 employees. Dur­ ing World War II business was heavy from the government. The name Maydole Tool Company M-WTCA.ORGalso contin­ ued to be used. An undated monograph from about 1950, and written by W.K. Browne, describes the Maydole Tool Company actively pursuing hammer manufac­ turing on a two shift basis. William Curran was the company president. In 1950, with hammer manufacturing requiring only a small portion of the Maydole Tool Company's plant space, the compaey chose to diversify. Nor­ wich Industries was organized as a Maydole ice skates [Contributed by Chenango County parentcompanyofMaydole Tool Com­ Historical Society, who also furnished copies of newspaper pany and the newly formed Radiant articles used in research for this article] Glass Appliance Company. At this Page 18 - ~~~ ~~~~~~~--~:J:--==_~;:,- = ~-:==-~- ---

ICE FROM NATURE TO CONSUMER -TOOLS & METHODS by Bob Si,egel, Jr. Reprinted with permission from carried ice to milder climates and THE CHRONICLE of Early returned with refrigerated fresh American Industries Association, Inc. foods. April, '71 Ice froze to about six inches thick Am.ong the first "icemen" were in the latitude of Ohio, and 30-40 George Washington, who personally inches in the latitude of Lake Supe­ supervised ice harvesting at Mount rior. Two-inch ice could hold a man, Vernon in 1786, and Thomas four inches a horse, and five inches a Jefferson, who had two small ice­ horse and equipment. Farmers often houses at Monticello. Commercial ice travelled from one ice operation to M-WTCA.ORGanother and did most of the hard harvesting began at Boston about 1800 with vessels carrying ice to work of harvesting. F igure 2 southern ports and soon even to With a pair of ice creepers (Fig. 2) England, the East and West Indies, strapped to his boots, a man turned Rio de Janeiro and India. an ice auger (Fig. 3) to bore a hole Previously, foods had been pre­ and test ice thickness with a measure served by salting, spicing, pickling, iron. Ice 14-16 inches thick was ideal smoking and dehydration (drying in for handling and storing. Snow had to the sun). As ice became easily avail­ be removed from the ice field as soon 0 as possible, as it acted as an insulator able there was a constantly increas­ Figure 3 ing demand for its use in food preser­ and impeded freezing to maximum vation and also cooled drinks, ice depth. Often a snow occurred before cream, the brewing process, and the ice was thick enough to hold hospitals. Expanding railroads continued on page 20 Page 19 Ice tools & methods/continued

Figure 4

horses for scraping it off. Then the "wetting down" process was neces­ sary. This started with a line of men using splitting chisels (Fig. 4)who punctured holes in the ice field usually at six-foot intervals. Rising water melted the snow, the froze, forming "snow ice." This unclear, and Figure 7 thus unmarketable, "snow ice" also formed naturally with a successive snow thaw (or rain) and freeze. If less than two inches thick it was usually shaved off by hand before delivery to customers. If thicker, when to scrape, plow and harvest. horses fitted with ice horseshoes, The ideal quick freeze, quick harvest, plow rope and special harness (Fig. without rain or snow, rarely oc­ 5), pulled an ice plane (Fig. 6) over curred. A sudden thaw or rain while ice was forming, often flooded the ice field with dirty or sandy water from Figure 8 surrounding hills. Water on the ice field honeycombed and rotted the ice beneath. The ice auger bored holes for pins inserted at two corners of the ice field. A line was stretched be­ tween the pins, and a man pushed the hand plow (Fig. 11), cutting 1/2 Figure 5 inch deep along the line, guided by a Figure 9 board. The first crossline at right angles was similarly struck with the aid of a wooden square with ten foot arms. In the absence of a hand plow the line marker (Fig. 12) was used. Very early harvesting was done with only an ax and an ice saw. Figure JO The horsedrawn ice plow was Thr rlrnring srraprr and scr,,,p scraper, M-WTCA.ORGinvented in 1829 (Fig. 13), and after latt-r rombinrtl as the n,,strm sanper, its perfection in following years did remuud snow from the ire field be­ the work of 50 men with the tiller­ ./ ore lwn·rsti11g. Figure 6 handled ice saw. The marker plow (Flg. 14), its swing guide riding in the accidental loss of men and equip­ previously cut groove 22 inches away, ment. Only one eight-inch plow, with the field, shaving loose the "snow ice" cut about three inches deep, 7/16 inch swing guide attached (Fig. 16) for the (Fig. 7). wide, and formed a checkerboard first cut, was used in small ice Deep cuts and later larger models pattern on the ice field. Plows with operations. Calking bars (Fig. 17) of the ice plane required the strength successively longer, narrower teeth then calked ice chips into the ends of of two horses. Success in this precari­ (Fig. 15) cut two inches at a pass, grooves at the separation lines where ous business depended, to a consider­ until the ice was cut 2/3 of the way "floats" of 8-400 connected cakes were able extent, in outguessing the through. At least five inches at the vagaries of the weather, in deciding bottom was left uncut to prevent continued next page

Page 20 a splitting chisel or a canal chisel (same as splitting chisel but with a ,,."'~~~-~ ' . longer handle for use when men ~, . stood on a raised platform) or a hook chisel (combined canal chisel and ice hook (Fig. 25). Tools dropped into the ~ water could sometimes be retrieved with an ice grapple. Ice chunks which Figure 16 clogged the channel were removed with a link chain scoop net (Fig. 26) or a sieve shovel (Fig. 27). Single Figures 11-12 cakes were guided into the elevator . bucket by the elevator fork. The steam-powered, endless-chain "elevator" (Fig. 28) (escalator in continued. next page

Figure 13

Figure 22

:

Figure 24 Figure 14

Left to right. Calking (Fig. 17) breaking iron (Fig. 18), four and three tined fork (Fig. 19), splitting bar (Fig. 20), and splitting fork (Fig. 21)

Figure 25

handled ice saw (Fig. 22) sawed some separation lines of floats, where barring-off could not be done due to the absence of open water on the opposite side. Floats, guided by men with 10-20 foot long ice hooks passed Figure 26 M-WTCA.ORGthrough the canals (wide, open waterways) toward the channel (the three-five foot wide waterway), which Figure 15 had been cut open with the tiller­ to be "barred off" (detached) from the handled ice saw, leading to the ice field. hoisting apparatus. Just before All outside grooves having been entering the channel, large floats calked, no water could enter the float were split into strips (single lines of and freeze. The "barring off" was cakes). Strips were towed down the Figure 27 performed by prying with a breaking channel by a canal grapple and rope bar (Fig. 18) or a four-tined fork bar or guided by six-eight foot long ice (Fig. 19). When ice was very thick or hooks (Fig. 24). not sufficiently grooved, the heavier In the channel the strip was split splitting bar (Fig. 20) or splitting fork into single cakes with a tap by a (Fig. 21) was necessary. The tiller- needle bar or a three-tined fork bar or

Page 21 Ice tools & methods/continued up an inclined plane. The grapple handle was held at the proper angle during ascent by a man walking alongside. Cakes were always el­ evated higher than the storage level and slid down "runs" (Fig. 31) (wood or metal slides) into the ice house where they were packed in level tiers and covered with dry sawdust or planing mill shavings. Ventilation doors in the room allowed the escape of warm moist air. Good quality ice in a well-con­ structed icehouse could keep two to three years. Large icehouses held 10,000 to 90,000 tons. Little Random Lake (Wisconsin) had five 150 feet by

GROOVING. 550 feet icehouses lining the entire south shore. Cakes were moved in,

today's terminology), with buckets to hold cakes, was invented about 1850 and could raise 600 tons of ice per hour. Eight cakes 22" by 22" by 16" weighed just over a ton. Previously this "housing" was done by horse, pulleys, rope and an ice gig (platform) (Fig. 29 & 30). A hoisting tongs would suffice, in place of an ice gig. Another method of housing was with horse, pulleys, and rope attached to a pole grapple or jack grapple. As the horse moved ahead on the ground, the grapple teeth pushed several ice cakes

SAWING, CALKING AND BRRAKING OFF. Figure 2_; ~

I I around, and out of icehouses on f "runs" and were guided by short (3-5 I ., I .'/ foot long) ice hooks. If maneuvered properly, an ice cake never stopped moving from the time it left the l water until settled in its final location M-WTCA.ORGin the icehuse. In packing icehouses I \ and (especially) vessels, the floor chisel (Fig. 32) or ice adz shaved uneven spots off each tier of ice so the next layer would slide over easily. The drag tongs were handy in lifting and lowering cakes from elevated positions. Where ice was packed on edge, the ice cant hook "edged up" the cake. A bar chisel (packing chisel, socket chisel) adjusted cakes in packing so

INCLINED PLANE l''OR ENDLESS CHAlN. they were three inches apart, and continued next page

Page 22 Ice tools & methods/continued weighing. The trimmer bar or the ice also was used to cut around and breaker trimmed ice edges to fit in ice loosen sides of cakes when preparing boxes. The ice chipper, chisel and awl for delivery. When cakes were tightly (pick) chipped ice for use in ice cream frozen together it was necessary to and cool drinks. An ice crushing use a crescent saw or an icehouse machine efficiently crushed ice. saw. The long-bladed separating Manufactured ice began on a small chisel cut around the sides of cakes scale about 1880, equalled the that had been packed on edge. The production of natural ice by 1912, and striking under bar "started up" a took over the market completely in cake from the layer below, after it the 1920s and 1930s. Thus the had been loosened on the sides. The natural ice industry, which for many house bar came into use only when years equaled the logging business in ice was stored in 44" by 44" blocks, manpower and importance passed which first required grooving with quickly and is now virtually forgot­ ... .J--=;-~--~\ -, :"';.,_... ~~ ;: :--1 the hand plow and then splitting ten. ... :-•/. I; with a pair of house bars (one in each hand), into four cakes. The summer ii::-':;:-:= ,__,,.___ -- - i ~'f':- i bar combined the uses of the bar l chisel and the striking underbar. Ice loss was about 10% in the ice houses another 30-40% before reaching the customer. An ice apron protected the ice delivery man's clothing. In the wagon, cakes of ice were split with an ice ax or sawed with an ice hand saw into 100, 50 and 25 Fugure 35 pound pieces, suitable for the cus­ tomer. Hand tongs lifted ice to the ice Figure JO scale on the back of the wagon for

Figure JI

Figure 36 M-WTCA.ORG

F igure J7 O£LIVE R l,'\J (J UP T O\~IN. ; . A

F igun: JS Page 23 OTfER CREEK MILLS SAW MILLS by Willi,am Warner W.I. Keesey barn frame While studying some ledgers I re­ May 17, 1910 cently acquired at a local auction, I Posts 8 pc.- 7x9---15 l/2 Ft =651 bd.ft. came upon some interesting items I Posts 8 pc.-7x8-131/2 Ft =504 bd.ft. Buckwheat & Feed Crindin1 would like to share. The ledgers cover Posts 1 pc.-7x8-151/2 Ft = 72 bd.ft. the years 1910-1921 and are from Otter Lintle 1 pc.- 7x7-16 1/2 Ft = 67 bd.ft. Creek Mills, R.F.D.2, Laurel, Pennsyl­ Jack P 8 pc.-6x7-161/2 Ft =520 bd.ft. vania. An invoice found with the led­ Jack P 8 pc.- 6x7-15 Ft =367 bd.ft. Perlin P 8 pc.- 6x7-10 Ft =315 bd.ft. gers advertised "Log and Shingle Saw­ Pies 8 pc.- 5x5--20 Ft =333 bd.ft. ing, Buckwheat & Feed Grinding." Pies 8 pc.- 4x5--111/2 =192 bd.ft. While I have not found the mill site yet, Posts 6 pc.- 6x8-16 Ft =384 bd.ft. Otter Creek is in South Eastern York Posts 3 pc.- 6x7-15 Ft =157 bd.ft. County, Pennsylvania. Posts 2 pc.- 6x6--16 Ft = 96 bd.ft. The daily business transactions in­ Jacks 2 pc. - 6x7-17 Ft = 59 bd.ft. clude a variety ofnotations from "grind­ Sfan J 3 pc.- 6x7-25 Ft =263 bd.ft. · ing chop" and other grains to saw mill­ Sill 1 pc.- 7x8-24 Ft =112 bd.ft. ing and making apple cider, such as the Pies 1 pc.- 5x8-24 Ft = 80 bd.ft. Pies 1 pc.- 6x8-24 Ft = 96 bd.ft. entry "Oct. 11-making 90 gal. cider­ Girder 2 pc.- 8x9---24 Ft =288 bd.ft. Photo copy of original Bill $.68." 12 pc.- 3x5--ll 1/2 Ft =172 bd.ft. Head from Otter Creek Mills It is the saw milling aspect that 4 pc.- 4x4-121/2 Ft = 66 bd.ft. intrigued me the most. The usual entry 3 pc. - 5x5---7 Ft = 43 bd.ft. was simply listed as sawing-quantity­ 2 pc. - 5x5---9 Ft = 38 bd.ft. price listed under a person's name. 6 pc. - 4x5---9 Ft = 90 bd.ft. Then I found a few pages that seemed 1 pc.- 6x6--15 Ft = 45 bd.ft. to be a complete cutting list for one 2 pc.- 3x4-15 Ft = 30 bd.ft. entire building. The "Barn Frame ac­ 5 pc.- 5x6-7 Ft = 87 bd.ft. count" that follows was started on May 6 pc.- 4x4-13 Ft =104 bd.ft. .:~~iii,~ 10 pc.- 4x4-10 Ft =133 bd.ft. -·:-.::-;:;;;;_~--::•-;;; ...Q ...... ___ ,::,::. ::-:.::-_-:--··- 17, 1910for W.S. Keesey. I thought you 4 pc. - 4x4-12 Ft = 64 bd.ft. y,.______·-- .. .- .. -.:::: might enjoy putting the pieces together, 1 pc.- 6x6-7 Ft = 21 bd.ft. -- -- so to speak, and building in your mind Rafters 48 pc.- 3x4-14 Ft =672 bd.ft. this puzzle of a barn. Rafters 14 pc.- 3x4-26 Ft =318 bd.ft. --·-.:-==-==-= What follows is a listing of the ac­ Ladder Stick count as it is in the ledger. There is no 1 pc.- = 21 bd.ft. iii~~¾_,:[__ mention of who is furnishing the saw 2 pc.-7x8---71/2 Ft = 68 bd.ft. logs. I found it curious that the sawmill 3 pc. - 6x7---6 1/2 Ft = 68 bd.ft. price was based on the board feet of 1 pc.- 6x6-7 Ft = 21 bd.ft. 1 pc.- 7x8---7 Ft = 32 bd.ft. lumber cut ($.003[v'bd.ft.), and not lin­ 4 pc. - 4x4-12 Ft = 64 bd.ft. ear feet cut or number of cuts made. In 1 pc.- 3x3-16 Ft = 12 bd.ft. effect, a log cut into 8x8 pieces would 6656 board feet of frame sell for the same price as if it were cut FramP------into 2x4 pieces even though more work 6556 bd.ft.=$22.95 @.003[vbd.ft. and time were involved in cutting Sidding Boards-- -::~:_· smaller pieces. (The following list con­ 3011 bd.ft.=$10.52 @.003[vbd.ft. -"' ·~ ,• ..:. ,;.:;.::..:-~;~ ..... ~ r:,:;,:.-. ·--·-..., Pio,,,,.,. tains spelling as it is in the ledger.) Roofing Lath-- 4514 Feet =$ 5.42 @.001?/foot ~:~.--": ~':< ~~- .=·:-:::~:::. ~- :c Shingle---- ~ 6936 Each =$14.20 @.001 7/each M-WTCA.ORGTotal Charge $53.09

Photocopy of three pages of catalog found in ledger

Page 24 THE MARKET PLACE ADVERTISING WANTED INFORMATION WANTED: General Tool and hardware catalog ISSUE COPY DEADLINE from Richards & Conover Co., Kansas City, MO. WANTED: Popcorn and corn shellers with dates March January 15 Pefer hardbound. Dick Kimball, 1953 Templehill or names or unusual. Also, corn shock tiers. Dr., Plano, TX 75075 June April 15 Write Robert Rauhauser, Box 766 Rt. 2 September July 15 Thomasville, PA 17364-9622. (717) 792-0278. December October 15 FORSALE CLASSIFIED ADS - RATES WANTED: Slide Rules, linear, circular, cylin­ drical. Trade Catalogs: K&E, Dietzgen, Gurley, $.15 per word- ALL words. Buff, Queen, Post, USBlueprint, etc. W. Feely, FOR SALE: Antique Tool catalogues. "The $3.00 minimum per ad. 1172, Lindsay Lane, Rydal, PA 19046. Toolbox" sold antique woodworking tools by DISPLAY ADS - RATES catalogues from 1976 through 1983. Thirty-five (35) catalogues were issued. A limited number of WORD WANTED: Loose Haying Tools: Haymow forks, complete sets are available. Catalogues include filZ.E mfil: LIMIT knives, carriers, mfgrs. catalogs, souvenirs, pro­ photos, plane contours and prices. $25.00 per Full page $160 900 motional display stands, etc. Write Robert set. John Moody, 4207 Weaver Road, Evansville, Half page $90 450 Rauhauser, Box 766, Rt. 2, Thomasville, PA IN 47711. (812) 423-9209. 17364-9622. (717) 792-0278. Quarter page• $50 225 Other sizes $8 per column inch FOR SALE: Patent copies - $3.00. Three-day WANTED: Articles of interest to fellow tool (1 column is approx. 2-1/4" wide.) service.Don Shockley, 1529E.49thStreet, Tulsa, collectors and researchers. Personal rewards OK 74104. 25 word limit. great. Send to: Bonnie Weber, 10 Nappanee *NOTE: For layout purposes, all Drive, Carmel, IN 46032. quarter page ads should now meet FOR SALE: 700 antique machinery-tool the following specifications: catalogs, list $3.00. Tons of modern machine WANTED: Bookbinders tools, Agate & Blood­ parts, list $2.00. Harold Barker, 3108 Klingler 2 columns (4-7/8") wide x 3-:V4" tall. stone burnishers, books and catalogs on book­ Road, Ada, OH 45810. This will now be called a "double binding. William Roberts, P.O. Box 129, column size ad." Hallettsville, TX 77964. FOR SALE: Emmert pattern maker's vise, fully Photos - additional $8 each (Polaroids renovated, all parts, $480. Mint mahogany coffin not acceptable). Typesetting and borders WANTED: From the Dixon Stake and Anvil shaped smoother $75. Stanley tools: #5-1/4, $50; are not included in the page rates. Special Head Set. Extension Arm 18" long, one end #3,$35;#604,$75;#A5,$125;#608C,$150;#8C, artwork will be charged at cost. We must slightly raised, the other straight (#89). Will buy $75; #87 four-fold ivory & silver rule, good have a sketch or rough drawing indicating more of the set if necessary. Ted Kaufman, 150 condition, $100. 18" high brass calipers, very how you want your ad laid out. Camera­ E. 69th St., New York, NY 10021, Apt. 8Q. (212) showy, $100. Cheney hammer, $50. W. Taylor ready ads are accepted at no additional 988-6840. sliding arm plow plane, brass tips, $100. Beech charge. filled ultimatum brace, $350. M. Crannel handled For your protection and complete satisfac­ WANTED: Anvils, small paperweight size, brass applewood plow plane, four blades, $125. Very tion, ALL ads should be typewritten and or iron with advertising. One or collection. Don showy boxwood plow plane, $150. Reed, Utica double-spaced. If this is not possible, Monnier, PO Box 772, Sidney, OH 45365. (513) plow plane, fair, $60. Stanley #143 with filiter please PRINT legibly. 492-1420. bed, one arm well repaired, $250. J. Dennison SEND ALL ADS TO: boxwoodhandledplowplane,$150.Stanley#l96, Ga/,e Zerk/,e WANTED: Other two-handled veneer scrapers finish worn, $750. John Moody, 4207 Weaver 511 Cookston Ave. Road, Evansville, IN 47711. (812) 423-9209. similar to Stanley #12 series. Winchester, Springfiel,d, OH 45503 Sargent, Union and others. Good+ or better condition. Paul Clark, Rt. 1, Box 221, Reidsville, FOR SALE: Finest quality pattern makers tools (513) 399-1725 NC 27320. with boxwood handles - closing out prices - FAX: (513) 325-9555 manufactured in the 1960s by Marples of Payment must accompany ad. Make WANTED: Mining items. Carbide lamps, Sheffield, England. Firmer gouges, out-cannel checks payable to M-WTCA. At this time, candlehooks, mining catalogs, blasting cap and in-cannel; bevel edge paring chisels; in­ advertising will be accepted only from M­ crimpers, cap tins, mining books, union medals, cannel paring gouges; in-cannel cranked paring WTCA members in good standing. For photos, anything mining related. Top price paid chisels, 1/4" to 2" wide, 16" to 20" long. Tools are information and membership application, or trade for tools. Leo Stambaugh, PO Box 779, in new condition; no longer produced. Brochure contact Gale Zerkle at the above address Georgetown, CO 80444. Home (303) 569-2109. available. Wood Carvers Shop, 3056 Excelsior or one of the officers whose address is Business (303) 569-2848. Blvd., Minneapolis, MN 55416. (612) 927-7491. shown on the inside front cover of this publication. M-WTCA.ORGFOR SALE: Port Huron Engine & Thresher Co. WANTED: Items by Henry Disston & Sons; dealer catalogs, store display units, Sawyer's promotional poster reprints (14" x 22" white anvil, straightedge, hammers, need Keyston Kl parchment), perfect for framing. Beautiful pen Saw; has racehorse w/jockey. Must be in very and ink drawing a a 24 HP steam tractor. $10. good condition, other hand saws in orig. boxes. each plus $3. shipping and handling. Tom Kearns, Please note condition and price. Dave Miller, 11831 Conant Avenue, Hamtramck, MI 48212. 2024 S. Owens Ct.,Denver, CO 80227. (303) 988- 5053.

WANTED: Wood planes by J. Denison. John Denison, J.&. L. Denison and G.W. Denison. Ivan Lux, 443 West Lexington, Minden, NE 68959. (303) 832-2496.

Page 25 RE: Newspaper Adze duty model that ran on 220 volts, ADC, BACKTALK and due to its rapid movement it was a This department is available for your I was very pleased to read about Mel yard adze, moving that distance in a comments, questions, requests for Ring's research on the foot adze, since minute. information or identification, and hewing tools are of particular interest Some of the early generators had letters which provide answers to others tome. poor regulators and the chatter caused seeking information. I have collected a variety of 19th by this created a piece of wood that For identification, a description, century newspaper adze describing looked like the running board to a hen markings (if applicable) and a clear photograph or drawing should accom­ specialized hewing instruments. My house. I hope this bit of true scientific pany the letter. favorite one was promoted as being lore helps answer some of your ques­ We welcome your letters, and will particularly suited for the finer tastes tions. print as many each issue as space ofthe gentleman carpenter-the deco­ Larry Brundage pe~its, on a first-come, first-served rative dude adze. Costa Mesa, CA basis. For the old timers, there was the Deadline for receipt of letters is January 15 for March issue, April 15 for grand adze. RE: Fence Maker Tool June issue, July 15 for September issue, One model, which was carried all and October 15 for December issue. over Alaska by travelling carpenters This is in response to the "Antique Send letters & art to: who turned thousands of trees into Tool" picture submitted byJohnLantzer BACKTALK mine timbers, was the Nome adze. in the March Gristmill (1992), page 26. B.L. Weber Publishing The tool most handy for historical The tool is a fence-maker. It is used 10 Nappanee Drive to make picket fences of the type tied Carmel, IN 46032 reproductions has always been the gone adze, though one will never find one together by wires, like snow fences. illustrated in Victorian catalogs. A pair of wires is threaded through RE: Ohio Tool #1 Plane I hope that the above information each sprocket on the tool, and the ends tied off. Pickets are inserted through I appreciate very much the write-up adze to the lmowledge being compiled by Mr. Ring. the wire·s and the crank operated to and pictures you ran of me and my twist each pair of wires simultaneously collection in the March issue. Thomas M. Latane a turn or so, then another picket is There are two things which should Pepin, WI inserted and the wires again twisted, in be corrected. reverse, and so on. The picture on the front cover reads, I have one like that pictured, and "Bill Baader examines one of his Ohio others that twist only 2 pair of wires. Tool #1 Planes." These planes are very Hunter Pilkinton rare and I have only one such plane and Waverly, TN only two are known to exist. This is causing a lot of correspondence with RE: Antique Tool collectors asking to buy one of the #ls. The other correction to be made is to The tool pictured by Mr. John the article (GRISTMILL, March, 1992, Lantzer was used to make picket-type beginning on page 17). It was written · snow fences. by Bill Rigler, not by me. Long continuous wires were I would appreciate having these cor­ threaded through each of the two holes rections made. I thought the March in each sprocket. As the lath were laid issue was good, the make-up excellent. in by hand, the sprockets were rotated Thanks much! to twist the wires around it. Rotation William J. Baader RE: Yard Adze was reversed for each lath to keep twist Springfiekl, OH I enjoyed Mel Ring's scientific study out of the incoming wires. RE: Crawdads and Adze on the hyphenated foot adze. I did ex­ Durward Steinmetz tensive research and would like to add LaFarge, WI Lord Macaulay informed us that "ev­ to your serious endeavor. ery schoolboy knows who killed I believe the tool illustrated here is RE: Fence Maker Atahualpa."He should have added, "and your elusive adze. It runs on ADC, and also that 'crawdad' is theM-WTCA.ORG name of a from the style of the plug, probably was I saw John Lantzer's note and pic­ little lobster-like creature (no claws, made in the 1910-25 time frame. At full ture in the GRISTMILL. The tool in the however)" - one who lurks in the riv­ power it was supposed to move a foot picture is a picket fence maker. I twas ers of all America, and especially in the per minute, this being the reason it was also used to make snow fence or corn Cajun regions of Louisiana. called a foot adze. cribbing. It has a crank that twists the Mr. Ring (GRISTMILL, March '92, When used with a long extension wire between the lathes. I have such a page 26) is barking up the wrong tree (if cord, it was called a foot adze. When tool. that is the right word) when he re­ used with a long extension cord, and a Junior £.McBride searches in and around hen-houses in loss of voltage, it ran slower, about an LaPorte City, IA search of "crawed adzes." When more inch per minute. I cannot find any than one crawdad is present, they are patents on this unique tool, but feel the called crawdads - same sound but not Edison firm had a hand in its develop­ really the "crawed adze." ment, hoping to spur the consumption So, a merry April 1 to Mr. Ring! of electricity. John S. Kebabian There was another version, a heavy Dover, Delaware Page 26 Mid-West Tool Collector's Association

MARION HENLEY MEMORIAL AWARD NOMINATION

(Date)

The Marion Henley Memorial A ward is presented to persons who subscribe to the same principals that Mr. Henley followed during his membership in the Mid-West Tool Collectors Association. These principals include the unselfish assistance to all other collectors, the tireless willingness to serve in any activity for the propagation of the hobby, and a continuing dedication to the general knowledge of tools and their uses. Mr. Henley was a unique person personally and to copy him would be impossible; however, there are those who have emulated his love for people and tool collecting. These are the persons we wish to recognize through this award that is given in his honor.

I recommend this person for consideration:

Name: Address: ______Tel. ( ) ______

(Please describe as completely as you can the following)

1. What has this person done to promote tool collecting and Mid-West Tool Collectors Association? (Such as aid to other collectors, a? leadership, organization of area meetings and etc.) ______

I,.,; Q) ..c: ~u '--'

M-WTCA.ORG

------(Attach extra sheet if necessary) 2. In what activities outside of MWTCA relative to tool collecting and craft preservation has this person been involved? ____

3. What is their involvement in research, publication, and contributions to publications? ______

4. What unusual or special tool knowledge or skills do they possess? ______

5. Why do you personally recommend this person for this award?

Your name: ______Address: ______

Tel. ( ) ______

Send this entry to the current MWTCA A ward Committee who will complete the following

1. MWTCA member (yrs) 2. Offices held 3. Meeting Chairmanships M-WTCA.ORG 4. MWTCA committees 5. Special Appointments 6. Other

Ivan D. Risley 4406 E. 107th Terr. Kansas City, MO 64137 BACKTALK came from a mine in Colorado, and I bought the other one at a sale in Ohio. RE: The Ultimate Brace I am enclosing a picture of the two picks -as you can see, one of them is Since the publication of my book, smaller than the other. "The illtimate Brace," in 1989, further Thought this might be of interest to information has come to light regard­ someone. ing metallic-framed braces. I intend to Robert M. Matz publish this new material as a supple­ Cozad, NE ment to the original book, and seek from your readers further assistance in completing this. For example, I would request any RE: Record Price Paid different types of framed braces that for Common No. 4 did not appear in the first edition, names to be added to the section "List of Names Smooth Plane FoundonFramedBraces," unpublished At the March 8 meeting of the Colo­ catalogue advertisements, unusual bits rado Area of Rocky Mountain Tool Col­ not covered in "Bits & Pieces," or any­ lectors, a unique item went up for auc­ thing else that may be thought of inter­ tion. The item was a Stanley/Bailey No. est. 4 Smooth Plane, halfway imbedded in I would also like to hear from anyone a Ponderosa pine tree trunk. This is who considers any of my previous as­ certainly an item not often found in sumptions in the book to be incorrect. your usual tool auction. The plane must For example, on page 33, I wrote that have been set in the crotch of the tree "prior to 1856 ... boxwood and ebony many years ago and forgotten. Would were not used at that time ... " I now you want to guess how many years it possess an excellent boxwood speci­ took for the tree to grow enough for the men! crotch to swallow up half of a No. 4? I look forward to receiving any help This "plane in a tree" was found by in compiling this new work, which of Dave Ferrand at an antique shop in course will be acknowledged. Montrose, Colorado. Bidding was cer­ Yours faithfully, tainlymore spirited than at most of our Reg Eaton auctions. Our hostforthemeeting, Phil RE: Pipe Tongs 35 High Street Whitby, was the new owner when the Heacham, King's Lynn bidding finally stopped at $150. Phil I recently obtained a patent model of Norfolk, PE31 7DB commented, "That's certainly the most a pair of pipe tongs with original patent England I ever paid for a No. 4!" office tags still attached. I also have a Cliff Fales copy of the application for the patent . P.S. You had better remember where The tongs were invented by Samuel RE: Tools and you lay your tools down when work­ Fawcett of Rochester, NY. Specifica­ Companies ing outside! tion papers were submitted February 24, 1880, and they were patented J une There are several miscellaneous tools 1, 1880. and m anufacturers listed below on Were the pipe tongs ever manufac­ which I am seeking additional informa­ tured? If so, does anyone have a pair? tion, such as dates, locations, patents, I would appreciate any information etc. Thanks in advance for any help you about the S. Fawcett pipe tongs. can provide. Hoyt Herrin 1. KeenKutter"Ribbon" or"Band"Logo GainsviUe, GA 2. AME & McNiece, Phila. SAWS 3. Viking Trademark Saws. M-WTCA.ORGWANTID 4. Star Tool Co. TOPS PAID 5. Sargent No. 4206 Plane (same as No. 5206, except knob is forward of (3~~-·-·~·~··~~ throat) ~HREYS~ 6. Consolidated Tool Works, N.Y. 214 Tuckahoe Cova Memphl._ Tann. 38117 7. Tool Handle Co. of Clinton, CT RE: Drift Pick 901 756-2037 901 761-9S07 8. Davis&Cook, Watertown,N.Y.Lev­ In the December issue of THE els GRISTMILL there was an article by 9. D. M. Lyon & Clearman Levels Mr. Ed Lynn, with a picture of a drift 10. Hall Casting Mark on Level Identi­ pick as he calls it. cal to Stanley No. 34 I have recently come up with two Tim Barnes picks like he has pictured. One of them Carrollton, GA

Page 27 NON-PROFIT ORG. U.S. POSTAGE PAID COLUMBIA, MO PERMIT 126

MID-WEST TOOL COLLECTORS ASSOCIATION, INC. Ann Henley, 808 Fairway Drive 1-lhL DOOL I rn.. E Columbia, Missouri 65201 12510 BIG BEND RD" 1< I r;~ 1< tA., ..1 oD f"I o 6 ~-5 :t 2 2 -- !=:; 1 oo

MEMBERSHIP UPDATE ALABAMA Raymond P. Fredrich, Arlington Heights Thomas Dengler, Minneapolis OHIO Michael Briggs, Huntsville Carl J. Gobberdiel, Greenville William Ericson, Duluth Howard J. Baur, Cincinnati Robert G. Brown, Opelika Elmer J. Keltner, Edwardsville Burton W. Field, Waconia Paul Brumenschenkel, Vermilion Christopher Lang, Huntsville Rick Livengood, Peoria Robert Fors, Rosemount Paul W. Dilworth, Coldwater Thomas Martin, Worth Gary Forsberg, Plymouth Bob Margatroyd, Uniontown ARKANSAS John J. Murphy, Collinsville Jim Fredrickson, New Nope Jim McDonald, Hanoverton Kent Y. Rhoads, Carlinville Ernest Froseth, Saint Paul Larry Pennell, Neapolis Al Green, Bena Vista James B. Smalley, Shabbona Russ Garens, Minneapolis Gilbert Ruehl, Cincinnati Aniel House, Sherwood Terrence J. Smith, Big Rock Gregg Gunderson, Montgomery William D. Sadgebury, Dayton Jon S. Sprague, Rossville Richard Hering, Maple Grove Alan A. Stevens, Cincinnati ARIZONA Harry Stephens, Robinson Dan Krier, Cottage Grove Hugh E. Walker, West Chester John AmRhein, Phoenix Earl Stipp, Hoppeston Raymond C. Liverseed, Faribault Gary Vondrasek, Edwardsville Edwin Michaelson, Glencoe . OKLAHOMA CALIFORNIA Chris Wal dram, Collinsville Millard Olson, Forest Lake Steven Wiles, Rockford Bill Richter, Rochester Jim Austin, Oklahoma City John Hancock, Malibu Burt Seeker, Bloomington Larry A. Johnson, Tulsa Glen Kermit, San Jose INDIANA Stephen Smith, Minneapolis Doyle McCullar, Shawnee James Moon, Stonyford Larry Morse, Oklahoma City Claude S. Bower, Lafayette Jack Strand, Burnsville Ross T. Nicholl, Los Angeles John Walkowiak, Jr., Minneapolis Earl I. Salo, Tulsa Richard K. Spurgeon, SpringValley Larry E. Brown, Kokomo Joe Ward, Tulsa Robert Ferrier, Lafayette Jim Warling, St. James CANADA David Haworth, Arcadia Robert Werner, Saint Peter OREGON Herbert Heckendorn, La Porte Bill Cockshutt, Ontario Pat Patterson, Indianapolis MISSOURI Jon Williams, Milwaukie Ralph Porter, Camden Jon Behle, Creve Coeur COLORADO Steve Rayl, Fishers Stacy Brockman, Excello PENNSYLVANIA Joe Helm, Littleton John M. Richeson, Fort Wayne Carl Burk, Marshfield Harry L. Bachman, Polk Robert Moss, Clark Alfred Lee Steel, W adesville Don Cunningham, Hartsburg David Brooker, Warren Michael Duey, Saint Louis Howard B. Melnick, Lebanon ENGLAND KANSAS Michael Fiorito, Noel Larry E. Mohney, Stoneboro Don Hefley, Columbus Ralph Hartke, Saint Louis Sam Steel, Petersburg Ray Clark, West Sussex Courtney Hiebert, Newton Lanny Homesley, Cassville Don Seaton, Howard Harold Hunton, Springfield TENNESSEE FLORIDA Glen Ogden, Sullivan D.K. Pearson, Seymour Lee Chandler, Memphis Mark Adams, Titusville KENTUCKY Hubert H. Ross, Seymour Bud Duke, Memphis Roger G. Atchison, Jacksonville R.T. Alsobrook, Smithland Julie Tilley, Joplin Jim Gillenwater, Kingsport Bruce Batchelor, Homestead Fred Atkinson, Louisville Wayne M. Watson, Ballwin Ron Highsmith, Sneedville Robert F. Borkovetz, Cape Coral Jack L. Caudill, Sr., Louisville John P. Wilding, Hermann Larry Shelby, Knoxville Robert Brulotte, Deerfield Beach Walter Doerting, Shively Tom Campbell, Port Richey John Roberts, Warsaw MISSISSIPPI TEXAS William Grady, Williston Richard Stallings, Harrodsburg Joe Hegedus, Middleburg Danny M. Trusty, Tylertown Phil Boleng, Nederland John A. Turbek, Lexington Richard F. Kimball, Plano John Howard, Port St. Lucie Dale Watson, Paducah Russell Kent, Lakeworth MONTANA Howard Richardson, Amarillo Lawrence, Saupe, El Paso Bob Leinberger, Vero Beach MASSACHUSETTS Thomas H. Chadwick, Bozeman Ken Mortenson, Sr., Apollo Beach Chuck Zitur, Billings Steve Pender, Englewood John H. Stanley, Jr., East Millinocket VIRGINIA Ashley Richards, Hawthorne NORTH CAROLINA Dennis G. Fisher, Roanoke Hugh R. Shumake, Saint Petersburg MARYLAND David Spencer, Lutz Craig Dunn, Street Tom Bass, Ashville WASHINGTON Ed Swanson, Fort Pierce M-WTCA.ORGDaniel T. Quinn, Frederick Sam A. Harris, Durham Billy V. Stanley, Stanford Daniel E. Britts, Aberdeen FRANCE MICHIGAN Richard C. Yocum, High Point Franklin E. Manville, Chehalis Laurent Adamowicz, Paris Burton S. Bohnett, Haslett NEBRASKA WISCONSIN George Bush, Jr., Allegan Joe Brott, Plattsmouth Ron De Long, Jackson GEORGIA Patrick C. Cerrone II, Morrice Gerard Glover, Kingston Mario T. Avila, Tucker Don G. Eckland, Ann Arbor NEW JERSEY Lynn Grotophorst, Sauk City Richard Gustafson, Escanaba Fred Halvorsen, Viroqua IOWA George Hahnefeld, Brown City Samuel Spector, Edison James L. Hendrickson, Milwaukee Nelson Haynes, Clarkston John Walter, Glen Rock Dan Cox, Des Moines Charles O. Iverson, Amherst Virgil Kauffman, Reed City Roger G. Ladwig, Green Lake Larry Keller, Walcott John Olech, Kalamazoo NEWYORK Jim Loomis, Des Moines Thomas Latane, Pepin Gary H. Phillips, Eaton Rapids Ben F. Cleaveland, Lawrenceville Roman Lorge, Saukville ILLINOIS Matt Switlik, Monroe William Cullen, Staten Island Ralph Luck, Prairie du Sac Michael Williamson, Saginaw Wilfred Gibson, Stonybrook Edwin S. Pedersen, Luck Thomas Bergin, Decatur Victor Yuhas, Allen Park Robert P. Howard, Saint James Kenneth Strunk, Burlington Ernie Carman, Pocahontas Theodore Kaufman, New York Terry D. Wandsnider, Waterloo Scott Cochrane, Dekalb MINNESOTA Gerry Levine, Far Rockaway Denny Colbert, Coal Valley Roger Abrahamson, Minneapolis William McMillen, Staten Island WEST VIRGINIA Roger A. Colmark, Sterling Tom Bang, Edina Sam Merin, Bethpage Tom Armbrecht, Wheeling Tom Downs, Wooddale C. Jimmie Carlson, Minneapolis