DOCSLIB.ORG

Final Report of the Forty First Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Final Report of the Forty First Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting )LQDO5HSRUWRIWKH)RUW\ߑUVW Antarctic Treaty &RQVXOWDWLYH0HHWLQJ ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Final Report RIWKH)RUW\ߑUVW Antarctic Treaty &RQVXOWDWLYH0HHWLQJ Buenos Aires, Argentina 13 - 18 May 2018 Volume II Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Buenos Aires 2018 Published by: Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty Secrétariat du Traité sur l’ Antarctique ɋɟɤɪɟɬɚɪɢɚɬȾɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɨɛȺɧɬɚɪɤɬɢɤɟ Secretaría del Tratado Antártico Maipú 757, Piso 4 C1006ACI Ciudad Autónoma Buenos Aires - Argentina Tel: +54 11 4320 4260 Fax: +54 11 4320 4253 This book is also available from: www.ats.aq (digital version) and online-purchased copies. ISSN 2346-9897 ISBN (vol. II): 978-987-4024-73-2 ISBN (complete work): 978-987-4024-63-3 &RQWHQWV 92/80(, Acronyms and Abbreviations PART I. FINAL REPORT 1. Final Report 2. CEP XXI Report 3. Appendices Appendix 1: Preliminary Agenda for ATCM XLII, Working Groups and Allocation of Items Appendix 2: Host Country Communique PART II. MEASURES, DECISIONS AND RESOLUTIONS 1. Measures Measure 1 (2018): Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 108 (Green Island, Berthelot Islands, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan Measure 2 (2018): Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 117 (Avian Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan Measure 3 (2018): Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 132 (Potter Peninsula, King George Island [Isla 25 de Mayo], South Shetland Islands): Revised Management Plan Measure 4 (2018): Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 147 (Ablation Valley and Ganymede Heights, Alexander Island): Revised Management Plan Measure 5 (2018): Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 170 (Marion Nunataks, Charcot Island, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan Measure 6 (2018): Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 172 (Lower Taylor Glacier and Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Victoria Land): Revised Management Plan 2. Decisions Decision 1 (2018): Secretariat Report, Programme and Budget Annex 1: Audited Financial Report for 2016/17 Annex 2: Provisional Financial Report for 2017/18 Annex 3: Secretariat Programme for 2018/19 Decision 2 (2018): Renewal of the Contract of the Secretariat’s External Auditor Annex: Tasks to be carried out by the external auditor Decision 3 (2018): Multi-Year Strategic Work Plan for the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting Annex: ATCM Multi-Year Strategic Work Plan 3. Resolutions Resolution 1 (2018): Site Guidelines for visitors Annex: List of sites subject to Site Guidelines Resolution 2 (2018): Guidelines for the assessment and management of Heritage in Antarctica Annex: Guidelines for the assessment and management of Heritage in Antarctica Resolution 3 (2018): Revised Guide to the presentation of Working Papers containing proposals for Antarctic Specially Protected Areas, Antarctic Specially Managed Areas or Historic Sites and Monuments Annex: Guide to the presentation of Working Papers containing proposals for ASPA, ASMA and HSM Resolution 4 (2018): Environmental Guidelines for operation of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in Antarctica Annex: Environmental Guidelines for Operation of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in Antarctica Resolution 5 (2018): SCAR’s Environmental Code of Conduct for Terrestrial 6FLHQWL¿F)LHOG5HVHDUFKLQ$QWDUFWLFD $QQH[6&$5¶V(QYLURQPHQWDO&RGHRI&RQGXFWIRU7HUUHVWULDO6FLHQWL¿F Field Research in Antarctica Heads of Delegation picture 92/80(,, Acronyms and Abbreviations 9 PART II. MEASURES, DECISIONS AND RESOLUTIONS (Cont.) 11 4. Management Plans 13 Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 108 (Green Island, Berthelot Islands, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 15 Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 117 (Avian Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 27 Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 132 (Potter Peninsula, King George Island [Isla 25 de Mayo], South Shetland Islands): Revised Management Plan 43 Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 147 (Ablation Valley and Ganymede Heights, Alexander Island): Revised Management Plan 55 Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 170 (Marion Nunataks, Charcot Island, Antarctic Peninsula): Revised Management Plan 73 Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 172 (Lower Taylor Glacier and Blood Falls, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Victoria Land): Revised Management Plan 89 PART III. OPENING AND CLOSING ADDRESSES AND REPORTS 1. Opening and Closing Addresses 109 6SHHFKE\WKH$UJHQWLQH0LQLVWHURI)RUHLJQ$൵DLUVDQG:RUVKLS+LV([FHOOHQF\ Jorge Faurie during the ATCM Opening Ceremony 111 2. Reports by Depositaries and Observers 113 Report of the USA as Depositary Government of the Antarctic Treaty and its Protocol 115 Report of Australia as Depositary Government of CCAMLR 133 Report of Australia as Depositary Government of ACAP 135 Report of the UK as Depositary Government of CCAS 137 Report by the CCAMLR Observer 141 Report by the ACAP Secretariat 145 Report of SCAR 147 Report of COMNAP 149 3. Reports by Experts 155 Report by WMO 157 Report by ASOC 159 Report by IAATO 163 PART IV. ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTS FROM ATCM XLI 1. List of Documents 169 Working Papers 171 Information Papers 174 Secretariat Papers 179 Background Papers 181 3. List of Participants 183 Consultative Parties 185 Non-Consultative Parties 189 Observers, Experts and Guests 190 Host Country Secretariat 190 Antarctic Treaty Secretariat 190 $FURQ\PVDQG$EEUHYLDWLRQV ACAP Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels ACBR Antarctic Conservation Biogeographic Region ASMA Antarctic Specially Managed Area ASOC Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition ASPA Antarctic Specially Protected Area ATS Antarctic Treaty System or Antarctic Treaty Secretariat ATCM Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting ATME Antarctic Treaty Meeting of Experts BP Background Paper CCAMLR Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources and/or Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources CCAS Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals CCRWP Climate Change Response Work Programme CEE Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation CEP Committee for Environmental Protection COMNAP Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIES Electronic Information Exchange System HSM Historic Site and Monument IAATO International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators IBA Important Bird Area ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICG Intersessional Contact Group IEE Initial Environmental Evaluation IGP&I Clubs International Group of Protection and Indemnity Clubs IHO International Hydrographic Organization IMO International Maritime Organization IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission IOPC Funds International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds IP Information Paper IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships MPA Marine Protected Area RCC Rescue Coordination Centre SAR Search and Rescue 6&$5 6FLHQWL¿F&RPPLWWHHRQ$QWDUFWLF5HVHDUFK 6&&$0/5 6FLHQWL¿F&RPPLWWHHRI&&$0/5 SGCCR Subsidiary Group on Climate Change Response SGMP Subsidiary Group on Management Plans SOLAS International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOOS Southern Ocean Observing System SP Secretariat Paper UAV/RPAS Unmanned Aerial Vehicle / Remotely Piloted Aircraft System UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change WMO World Meteorological Organization WP Working Paper WTO World Tourism Organization PART II Measures, Decisions and Resolutions (Cont.) 4. Management Plans Measure 1 (2018) Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 108 GREEN ISLAND, BERTHELOT ISLANDS, ANTARCTIC PENINSULA Introduction The primary reason for the designation of Green Island, Berthelot Islands, Antarctic Peninsula (65°19'S, 64°09'W; area 0.2 km2) as an Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) is to protect environmental values, and primarily the rich Chorisodontium-Polytrichum moss turf present within the Area. Green Island was originally designated as a Specially Protected Area (SPA) through Recommendation IV-9 (1966, SPA No. 9) after a proposal by the United Kingdom. It was designated on the grounds that the vegetation “is exceptionally rich, [and] is probably the most luxuriant anywhere on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula”. The Recommendation noted: “in some places the humus is 2 metres thick and that this area, being of outstanding scientific interest, should be protected because it is probably one of the most diverse Antarctic ecosystems”. A Management Plan for the site was prepared by the United Kingdom and adopted through Recommendation XVI-6 (1991). The original reasons for designation were extended and elaborated, although following comparisons to other sites in the vicinity, Green Island was no longer considered to be particularly diverse. Nevertheless, the vegetation on the island was described as extensive on the north-facing slopes, with well-developed continuous banks of moss turf formed by Chorisodontium aciphyllum and Polytrichum strictum that, over much of their extent, overlie peat of more than one metre in depth. Antarctic hair grass (Deschampsia antarctica), one of only two native vascular plants that grow within the Antarctic Treaty area, was noted as frequent in small patches near an Antarctic shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony. The colony of Antarctic shags, located on the steep, rocky northwestern corner of the island, was noted as being possibly
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Para Conhecer a Terra: Memórias E Notícias De Geociências No Espaço Lusófono Autor(Es): Lopes, F.C. (Coord.); Andrade, A. I
    Para conhecer a Terra: memórias e notícias de Geociências no espaço lusófono Lopes, F.C. (coord.); Andrade, A. I. (coord.); Henriques, M. H. (coord.); Autor(es): Quinta-Ferreira, M. (coord.); Reis, R. Pena dos (coord.); Barata, M. T. (coord.) Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/24406 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-0534-0 Accessed : 11-Oct-2021 03:52:55 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. pombalina.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt 9 789892 605111 Série Documentos A presente obra reúne um conjunto de contribuições apresentadas no I Congresso Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra Internacional de Geociências na CPLP, que decorreu de 14 a 16 de maio de 2012 no Coimbra University Press Auditório da Reitoria da Universidade de Coimbra.
    [Show full text]
  • Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima) Entre 1986 E 2011
    Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, v.29, n.3, 379 - 388, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-778620120439 VARIAÇÕES DA FRENTE DA GELEIRA POLAR CLUB, PENÍNSULA POTTER (ILHA REI GEORGE, ANTÁRTICA MARÍTIMA) ENTRE 1986 E 2011 EVERTON LUÍS POELKING1, ANDRÉ MEDEIROS DE ANDRADE2, GONÇALO BRITO T. G. VIEIRA3, CARLOS ERNESTO G. R. SCHAEFER4, ELPÍDIO INÁCIO FERNANDES FILHO4 1Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil 2Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil 3Universidade de Lisboa (UL), Lisboa, Portugal 4Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brasil [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], elpidio@ufv. br Recebido Fevereiro de 2012 - Aceito Novembro de 2013 RESUMO As mudanças ambientais, especialmente na criosfera, podem resultar em amplas consequências globais, sendo o estudo de geleiras das regiões polares estratégicos para analisar áreas sensíveis às mudanças climáticas. Neste trabalho foram analisadas as taxas de mudança da frente da geleira Polar Club e comparadas com a variabilidade interanual da temperatura do ar, na Península Potter, ilha Rei George, a fim de compreender o impacto direto das alterações do clima local na dinâmica das áreas livres de gelo. Foi utilizada uma série de dez cenas de imagens do satélite Landsat e dados de temperatura do ar superficial entre 1986 e 2011. Os resultados evidenciam uma tendência no aumento na temperatura do ar de 0,04 ºC por ano, o que resultou no incremento de 1,03 ºC nas temperaturas médias do ar para o período de 26 anos analisados.
    [Show full text]
  • Management Plan for Specially Protected Area No. 8 Dion Islands, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula
    ANNEX TO RECOMMENDATION XVI-6 Management Plan for Specially Protected Area No. 8 Dion Islands, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula 1. Geographical location The Dion Islands (67°52'S, 68°43'W) are a small group of low-lying rocky islands lying about 13 km south of the southern end of Adelaide Island, in the north- western part of Marguerite Bay. 2. Management Plan (i) Description of Area The Area comprises all of the Dion Islands archipelago, which lie within an area of about 12 km2, together with the intervening sea. The islands and islets are small, rocky and often precipitous, notably Emperor Island which is also the highest (46 m altitude). The main islands are the largest of the Courtier Islands group (c. 8 ha), Emperor Island (c. 5 ha) and the largest of the Consort Islands group (c. 3 ha). Low lying areas occur on the two largest islands. There are a few small permanent ice patches, but there are no streams or permanent pools. (ii) Reason for designation The Area possesses the only known breeding population of Emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is situated on a low-lying raised beach and rocky headland in the south-eastern part of Emperor Island. It is also the most northerly and probably the smallest colony (annual numbers fluctuate between about 50 and 500 pairs), and is one of only two in which breeding occurs on land (see also SPA No. 1). It is also the most isolated Emperor colony, being about 2,500 km (by sea) from the nearest other known rookery.
    [Show full text]
  • Plan Anual Antártico Del Programa Antártico Argentino 2018-2019
    Programa Antártico Argentino Plan Anual Antártico 2018-2019 INTRODUCCIÓN La Argentina reivindica soberanía sobre el Sector Antártico Argentino, comprendido entre los meridianos 25° y 74° de longitud Oeste al sur del paralelo de 60° de latitud Sur, con fundamento en títulos históricos, geográficos, geológicos y jurídicos. La Argentina tiene presencia permanente e ininterrumpida en la Antártida desde el 22 de febrero de 1904, en que se estableciera la primera estación científica (Base Orcadas) en la Isla Laurie, Archipiélago de las Islas Orcadas del Sur. La Argentina, por tanto, tiene la presencia continua más antigua en la Antártida. La Argentina tiene seis bases permanentes (Carlini, Orcadas, Esperanza, Marambio, San Martín y Belgrano II) y siete bases temporarias (Brown, Primavera, Decepción, Melchior, Matienzo, Cámara y Petrel). Todas están situadas en el Sector Antártico Argentino. La Dirección Nacional del Antártico administra dos de ellas (las Bases Carlini y Brown) y el Ministerio de Defensa, a través del Comando Conjunto Antártico, administra las otras once. La Argentina es uno de los doce países que participaron en la Conferencia de Washington sobre la Antártida de 1959, y eso la llevó a ser uno de los doce signatarios originarios del Tratado Antártico. El Tratado establece que la Antártida se utilizará exclusivamente para fines pacíficos y erige a la ciencia en el centro de la actividad antártica. El artículo IV del Tratado resguarda adecuadamente las reivindicaciones de soberanía en la Antártida. Por tanto, uno de los ejes de la política exterior argentina es continuo fortalecimiento del conjunto de normas surgidas a partir del Tratado Antártico. Los lineamientos de la Política Antártica Nacional (PAN) están definidos por el Decreto 2316/90, cuyo objetivo principal es el P á g i n a 2 | 265 Programa Antártico Argentino Plan Anual Antártico 2018-2019 afianzamiento de los derechos argentinos de soberanía en la Antártida.
    [Show full text]
  • Emperor Island, Dion Islands, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula
    From Measure 1 (2002) Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 107 EMPEROR ISLAND, DION ISLANDS, MARGUERITE BAY, ANTARCTIC PENINSULA 1. Description of values to be protected The Dion Islands (Latitude 67°52’ S, Longitude 68°42’ W), on the western side of the central Antarctic Peninsula in north-western Marguerite Bay, were originally designated as Specially Protected Area (SPA) No. 8 through Recommendation IV-8 in 1966 after a proposal by the United Kingdom. All of the islands in the Dion Islands archipelago were included. Values protected under the original designation were described as the presence of the only colony of emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) known to exist on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula and that the isolation of this colony from others of the same species makes it of outstanding scientific interest. A management plan for the Area was adopted through Recommendation XVI-6 (1990), which reaffirmed the values of the Area. The boundaries were extended to include the intervening sea between the islands to ensure protection of the emperors at sea or on sea-ice in the immediate vicinity. Attention was drawn to the additional important value of the colony being one of only two known in which breeding occurs on land. It was also noted as the most northerly and probably the smallest of Emperor colonies, with annual numbers fluctuating around 150 pairs. The values of the emperor penguin colony are reaffirmed in this revised management plan. The boundaries of the Area are now defined more precisely.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Primer
    Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state.
    [Show full text]
  • Barrientos Island (Aitcho Islands) ANTARCTIC TREATY King George Is
    Barrientos Island (Aitcho Islands) ANTARCTIC TREATY King George Is. Barrientos Island visitor site guide Ferraz Station Turret Point (Aitcho Islands) Admiralty Bay Elephant Is. Maxwell Bay Penguin Island 62˚24’S, 59˚47’W - North entrance to English Strait Marsh/frei Stations Great Wall Station between Robert and Greenwich Islands. Bellingshausen Station Arctowski Station Artigas Station Jubany Station King Sejong Station Potter Cove Key features AITCHO Nelson Is. ISLANDRobert Is. - Gentoo and Chinstrap Penguins S Mitchell Cove - Southern Elephant Seals Greenwich Is. Robert Point - Geological features Fort Point Half Moon Is. Yankee Harbour - Southern Giant Petrels Livingston Is. - Vegetation Hannah Point Bransfield Strait Snow Is. Telefon Bay Pendulum Cove Gourdin Is. Deception Is. Baily Head Description Vapour Col Cape Whaler's Bay Dubouzet B. O'higgins Station TOPOGRAPHY This 1.5km island’s north coast is dominated by steep cliffs, reaching a height of approximatelyAstr 70olabe Cape Hope metres, with a gentle slope down to the south coast. The eastern and western ends of the island Island are Legoupil Bay black sand and cobbled beaches. Columnar basalt outcrops are a notable feature of the western end. a insul FAUNA Confirmed breeders: Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Pen inity southern giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus), kelp gull (LarusNorthwest dominicanus (Nw)), and skuas (Catharacta spp.). Tr Suspected breeders: Blue-eyed shag (Phalacrocorax atricepsSubar) andea Wilson’s storm-petrel (OceanitesBone Bay Tower Is. oceanicus). Regularly haul out: Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina), and from late December, Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus Trgazellainity Is. ). Charcot Bay FLORA The entire centre of the island is covered by a very extensive moss carpet.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Climate Change in Kalabaland Glacier from 2000 to 2013 S
    The Asian Review of Civil Engineering ISSN: 2249 - 6203 Vol. 3 No. 1, 2014, pp. 8-13 © The Research Publication, www.trp.org.in Impact of Climate Change in Kalabaland Glacier from 2000 to 2013 S. Rahul Singh1 and Renu Dhir2 1Reaserch Scholar, 2Associate Professor, Department of CSE, NIT, Jalandhar - 144 011, Pubjab, India E-mail: [email protected] (Received on 16 March 2014 and accepted on 26 June 2014) Abstract - Glaciers are the coolers of the planet earth and the of the clearest indicators of alterations in regional climate, lifeline of many of the world’s major rivers. They contain since they are governed by changes in accumulation (from about 75% of the Earth’s fresh water and are a source of major snowfall) and ablation (by melting of ice). The difference rivers. The interaction between glaciers and climate represents between accumulation and ablation or the mass balance a particularly sensitive approach. On the global scale, air is crucial to the health of a glacier. GSI (op cit) has given temperature is considered to be the most important factor details about Gangotri, Bandarpunch, Jaundar Bamak, Jhajju reflecting glacier retreat, but this has not been demonstrated Bamak, Tilku, Chipa ,Sara Umga Gangstang, Tingal Goh for tropical glaciers. Mass balance studies of glaciers indicate Panchi nala I , Dokriani, Chaurabari and other glaciers of that the contributions of all mountain glaciers to rising sea Himalaya. Raina and Srivastava (2008) in their ‘Glacial Atlas level during the last century to be 0.2 to 0.4 mm/yr. Global mean temperature has risen by just over 0.60 C over the last of India’ have documented various aspects of the Himalayan century with accelerated warming in the last 10-15 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Geoterrace-2020-001
    GeoTerrace-2020-001 Volume changes of glacier frontal parts on Galindez and Winter islands in 2013-2019 *Kh. Marusazh (Lviv Polytechnic National University) SUMMARY The results of glacier monitoring on Galindez Island and Winter Island (the Argentine Islands in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctic Peninsula) in 2013-2019 are presents. The main objective of research was to determine how the volumes of glaciers changed in 2013-2019 in the course of a complex study. The materials of the Ukrainian seasonal expedition of 2013-2019 was used: terrestrial laser scanning data of 2013, 2014, 2018, terrestrial digital photography of 2013, 2014, 2018, 2019 and an unmanned aerial vehicle survey of 2019. The technique was used to determine changes in the volumes of glaciers can significantly improve both the speed and accuracy of the measurements. It included complementary processing of scanning data and digital photography of 2013-2018, and digital photography and aerial survey of 2019. Changes in the volumes of glaciers were calculated for the western and southern parts of the glacier on Galindez Island and the southern part of the glacier on Winter Island. The results demonstrate significant changes since 2002. This is confirmed quantitatively by independent studies of the West of the peninsula. Monitoring of the dynamics of glacier volumes enables detection of climatic and glaciological changes in the Antarctic region. GeoTerrace-2020 07-09 December 2020, Lviv, Ukraine Introduction The Antarctic ice cover is a complex natural system whose internal dynamics is sensitive to both atmospheric and oceanic influences. A deeper understanding of the underlying processes may have a profound impact on the development of prognostic models.
    [Show full text]
  • Protecting the Crown: a Century of Resource Management in Glacier National Park
    Protecting the Crown A Century of Resource Management in Glacier National Park Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit (RM-CESU) RM-CESU Cooperative Agreement H2380040001 (WASO) RM-CESU Task Agreement J1434080053 Theodore Catton, Principal Investigator University of Montana Department of History Missoula, Montana 59812 Diane Krahe, Researcher University of Montana Department of History Missoula, Montana 59812 Deirdre K. Shaw NPS Key Official and Curator Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana 59936 June 2011 Table of Contents List of Maps and Photographs v Introduction: Protecting the Crown 1 Chapter 1: A Homeland and a Frontier 5 Chapter 2: A Reservoir of Nature 23 Chapter 3: A Complete Sanctuary 57 Chapter 4: A Vignette of Primitive America 103 Chapter 5: A Sustainable Ecosystem 179 Conclusion: Preserving Different Natures 245 Bibliography 249 Index 261 List of Maps and Photographs MAPS Glacier National Park 22 Threats to Glacier National Park 168 PHOTOGRAPHS Cover - hikers going to Grinnell Glacier, 1930s, HPC 001581 Introduction – Three buses on Going-to-the-Sun Road, 1937, GNPA 11829 1 1.1 Two Cultural Legacies – McDonald family, GNPA 64 5 1.2 Indian Use and Occupancy – unidentified couple by lake, GNPA 24 7 1.3 Scientific Exploration – George B. Grinnell, Web 12 1.4 New Forms of Resource Use – group with stringer of fish, GNPA 551 14 2.1 A Foundation in Law – ranger at check station, GNPA 2874 23 2.2 An Emphasis on Law Enforcement – two park employees on hotel porch, 1915 HPC 001037 25 2.3 Stocking the Park – men with dead mountain lions, GNPA 9199 31 2.4 Balancing Preservation and Use – road-building contractors, 1924, GNPA 304 40 2.5 Forest Protection – Half Moon Fire, 1929, GNPA 11818 45 2.6 Properties on Lake McDonald – cabin in Apgar, Web 54 3.1 A Background of Construction – gas shovel, GTSR, 1937, GNPA 11647 57 3.2 Wildlife Studies in the 1930s – George M.
    [Show full text]
  • A News Bulletin New Zealand Antarctic Society
    A N E W S B U L L E T I N p u b l i s h e d q u a r t e r l y b y t h e NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY r ^*"'- ! G ■ i % HEY! YOU DON'T BELONG HERE! A straying Adelie penguin chick gets little sympathy —Photo F. O'Leary, Dominion Musoum DECEMBER, 1965 Winter and Summerbises. Scott S u m m e r b a s e o n l y . t H a l l e f r NEW ZEALAND Transferred base Wilkes U S tvAust Temporarily non-operational *Syowa TASMANIA , C»mphill I. (N.l) Mitquarie I. _Ma"e* (i/.ij Fj'iitt ia$«rC INU-'jIS N/A-.mH«.n-Sc0lt(t/.5.; A A N TV A R fe\ \ »0a.vlO~A frrttf A , *f * M i wA i t f h \ ■■ (i!rlnd \ # • / ^^a .Marion I. (JMJ DRAWN »Y DEPARTMENT OF LANDS 1 Sl"*VE' WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND, MAR.I»b+- 1-." EDITION ee £ (Successor to "Antarctic News Bulletin") Vol. 4, No. 4 DECEMBER, 1965 Editor: L. B. Quarter-main, M.A., 1 Ariki Road, Wellington, E.2, New Zealand. Assistant Editor: Mrs. R. H. Wheeler. Business Communications, Subscriptions, etc., to: Secretary, New Zealand Antarctic Society, P.O. Box 2110, Wellington, N.Z. CONTENTS EXPEDITIONS New Zealand Spring Journey to Cape Crozier: D. R. Lowe N.Z. Aircraft Makes First Flight to Antarctica France Japan Australia U.S.S.R Belgium-Netherlands South Africa United Kingdom Argentina Chile U.S.A Sub-Antarctic Islands Men from Three Nations at Lake Vanda Antarctic Stations: 4 — Mirny Whaling Antarctic Awaits the Hovercraft Another Value of Antarctica: Adrian Hayter Antarctic Bookshelf The Veterans 50 Years Ago ujoquou oqi uo 'pjig odL'3 iv "ajoqo -a\oh uo|33.i A3|[BA A.ip oqi ojui Suio SI AllSJOAIUfl BUOJOIA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Antarctic Treaty Cm 8841
    The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-sixth Consultative Meeting held at Brussels, 20 – 29 May 2013 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty March 2014 Cm 8841 © Crown copyright 2014 You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v.2. To view this licence visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/2/ or email [email protected] This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commo nwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH Print ISBN 9781474101134 Web ISBN 9781474101141 Printed in the UK by the Williams Lea Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID P002631486 03/14 Printed on paper containing 30% recycled fibre content minimum MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-SIXTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Brussels, Belgium, 20-29 May 2013 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents.
    [Show full text]