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Indiana Magazine of History
148 Indiana Magazine of History Diplomacy on the Indiana-Ohio Frontier, 1783-1791. By Joyce G . W ilXams and 3 ill E . F arrelly . (B\oomington: Ingiana University Bicentennial Committee, 1976. Pp. ix, 118. Map, notes, illustrations, appendix, bibliography. Limited number of paperbound copies available upon request, $3.00.) The territorial provisions of the Treaty of Paris which ended the War for American Independence in 1783 immedi- ately sparked a protracted struggle among the United States, Great Britain, and various Indian tribes for control over the region known as the Old Northwest. More than an ex- tended essay about this triangular diplomacy during the decade following the Revolutionary War, Diplomacy on the Indiana-Ohio Frontier is also the first chapter of the tragic American saga which ended at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, in 1890. With consummate skill Joyce G. Williams and Jill E. Farrelly outline the stakes of postwar forest diplomacy. The United States wanted to neutralize and remove the Indians to facilitate settlement of the trans-Appalachian territory. Great Britain wanted to maintain good relations with its wartime allies in order to profit from the fur trade as well as to bolster British hegemony in the Great Lakes region. The Indians, caught in the middle, wanted to retain both tribal independence and ancestral homelands. The outcome was never really in doubt. Neither the British nor the In- dians, separately or in concert, could match the political power and military might of the Americans. When efforts of the United States to acquire aboriginal lands peacefully through purchase met militant resistance from the Wabash- Ohio tribes, the action moved from the negotiating table to the battlefield. -
OHIO VALLEY HISTORY Volume 4, Number 3, Fall 2004
1 OHIO VALLEY HISTORY Volume 4, Number 3, Fall 2004 A Journal of the History and Culture of the Ohio Valley and the Upper South, published in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Louisville, Kentucky, by Cincinnati Museum Center and The Filson Historical Society, Inc. Contents The Art of Survival: Moravian Indians and Economic Adaptation in the Old Northwest, 1767-1808 Maia Conrad 3 “Fairly launched on my voyage of discovery”: Meriwether Lewis’s Expedition Letters to James Findlay Edited by James J. Holmberg 19 Space and Place on the Early American Frontier: The Ohio Valley as a Region, 1790-1850 Kim M. Gruenwald 31 Henry Bellows Interviews Hiram Powers Edited by Kelly F. Wright 49 Cincinnati in 1800. Lithograph by Reviews 79 Strobridge Lithograph Co. from painting by Announcements 92 A.]. Swing. Cincinnati Museum Center, Cincinnati Historical Society Library FALL 2004 3 Contributors MAIACONRAD is an independent scholar. She received her Ph.D. in History from The College of William and Mary. JAMESJ. HOLMBERGis Curator of Special Collections at The Filson Historical Society. He is the author of Dear Brother: Letters of William Clark to Jonathan Clark (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002). KIM M. GRUENWALDis Associate Professor of History at Kent State University. She is the author of River of Enterprise: The Commercial Origins of Regional Identity in the Ohio Valley, 1790-1850 (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2002). KELLYF. WRIGHTis a Ph.D. candidate in History at the University of Cincinnati. 2 OHIO VALLEY HISTORY Space and Place on the Earlv American Frontier: The Ohid Valley as a Region, 1790-1850 KIM M. -
Along the Ohio Trail
Along The Ohio Trail A Short History of Ohio Lands Dear Ohioan, Meet Simon, your trail guide through Ohio’s history! As the 17th state in the Union, Ohio has a unique history that I hope you will find interesting and worth exploring. As you read Along the Ohio Trail, you will learn about Ohio’s geography, what the first Ohioan’s were like, how Ohio was discovered, and other fun facts that made Ohio the place you call home. Enjoy the adventure in learning more about our great state! Sincerely, Keith Faber Ohio Auditor of State Along the Ohio Trail Table of Contents page Ohio Geography . .1 Prehistoric Ohio . .8 Native Americans, Explorers, and Traders . .17 Ohio Land Claims 1770-1785 . .27 The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 . .37 Settling the Ohio Lands 1787-1800 . .42 Ohio Statehood 1800-1812 . .61 Ohio and the Nation 1800-1900 . .73 Ohio’s Lands Today . .81 The Origin of Ohio’s County Names . .82 Bibliography . .85 Glossary . .86 Additional Reading . .88 Did you know that Ohio is Hi! I’m Simon and almost the same distance I’ll be your trail across as it is up and down guide as we learn (about 200 miles)? Our about the land we call Ohio. state is shaped in an unusual way. Some people think it looks like a flag waving in the wind. Others say it looks like a heart. The shape is mostly caused by the Ohio River on the east and south and Lake Erie in the north. It is the 35th largest state in the U.S. -
“Richest and Best / Is the Wine of the West”: the Ohio River Valley and the Jewish Frontier
OHIO HISTORY Volume 112/Winter-Spring 2003 © 2003 Ohio Historical Society “Richest and Best / Is the Wine of the West”: The Ohio River Valley and the Jewish Frontier BY AMY HILL SHEVITZ On July 3, 1825, the small Jewish community years . congregated, where a few years before of Cincinnati, Ohio, sent a fund-raising letter to nothing was heard, but the howling of wild the long-established congregation in Charleston, Beasts, and the more hideous cry of savage South Carolina. Appealing for financial man.”1 assistance in “the erection of a House to worship More than merely a dramatic fundraising the God of our forefathers,” the Cincinnatians scenario, this letter clearly expresses the early emphasized their spiritual closeness to other Cincinnati community’s consciousness of its American Jews, who were all “children of the pioneering role as Jews on America’s first same family and faith,” and their physical “West.” The men who composed the letter had distance, “separated as we are and scattered lived in cities, in Europe and in North America; through the wilds of America.” “We are well their journeys down the Ohio River to assured,” they warned, “that many Jews are lost Cincinnati, if no longer subject to the threat of in this country from not being in the Indian attack, were nonetheless long and rough. neighbourhood of a congregation[;] they often Cincinnati in 1825 was chronologically far marry with Christians, and their posterity lose beyond its beginnings as a military outpost, but the true worship of God for ever.” The it was still very far geographically and Charlestonians would be contributing not only to psychically from New York and Philadelphia, the growth of Judaism but also to the growth of with their old, wealthy, and secure Jewish America, the Cincinnatians pointed out. -
The Ohio River in an American Borderland, 1800-1850
ABSTRACT ONE RIVER, ONE NATION: THE OHIO RIVER IN AN AMERICAN BORDERLAND, 1800-1850 by Zachary Morgan Bennett This thesis examines regional identity on the Ohio River, particularly in Cincinnati and Louisville, during the antebellum period. Connected by one of the most important transportation networks in the United States, cities along the Ohio River transcended the laws and cultural practices of their respective states to form a coherent “Western” regional identity. This thesis challenges the myth that people saw the Ohio River primarily as a border between slave and free states. Traffic along the Ohio River made the economic and social institutions of the towns on either bank similar, blurring the distinctions between slavery and free labor in the process. This riverine community saw themselves as Westerners more than members of the North or South. Experiences in this corner of the United States demonstrate that Americans, regardless of their state affiliation, were more than willing to profit from slavery if given the opportunity. ONE RIVER, ONE NATION: THE OHIO RIVER IN AN AMERICAN BORDERLAND, 1800-1850 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of History by Zachary Morgan Bennett Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2013 Advisor Andrew R.L. Cayton Reader Amanda Kay McVety Reader Tatiana Seijas TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... -
Village Bulletin
INDIAN HILL VILLAGE BULLETIN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION of the VILLAGE OF INDIAN HILL, OHIO All Village Bulletins available on our website www.ihill.org October 31, 2018 Number #9 COUNCIL ACTIONS PLANNING COMMISSION REGULAR COUNCIL MEETING REGULAR MEETING October 22, 2018 ACTIONS October 16, 2018 Passed Resolution - Declaring that the owner’s maintenance of 7925 Brill Road, Parcel 529-0125- Case #18-013: A Special Exception request by The 0061, has been neglected and constitutes a public Indian Hill Exempted Village School District was tabled nuisance per Section 94 of the Indian Hill Code of until the November 20, 2018 Planning Commission Ordinances and the Ohio Revised Code, and declaring meeting. The request is to construct the following the structure insecure. The City of the Village of improvements within the athletic facilities: Indian Hill Council orders the owners to abate the 1. Construction of new athletic complex entry nuisance within seven days; and if such nuisance is not gateway improvements and ticket booth; abated within seven days, Council authorizes the City 2. Construction of a new braves plaza Manager to secure the structure and/or contract the gathering area; securance of the structure and assess the cost of the 3. Construction of a new two-story, 9000 SF, property tax duplicate multi-purpose support building for concessions, public restrooms, locker/ Passed Resolution – Authorizing the City Manager to meeting rooms, and locker/team rooms; and execute a compensation agreement with Scott R. 4. Construction of a new single story, 15,000 Phillips, Esq. and Frost Brown Todd LLC for legal SF indoor field house/training center. -
'Taken to Detroit': Shawnee Resistance and the Ohio Valley Captive Trade, 1750-1796
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2012 'Taken to Detroit': Shawnee Resistance and the Ohio Valley Captive Trade, 1750-1796 Anna Margaret Cloninger College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Indigenous Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Cloninger, Anna Margaret, "'Taken to Detroit': Shawnee Resistance and the Ohio Valley Captive Trade, 1750-1796" (2012). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539626689. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-aq1g-yr74 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TAKEN TO DETROIT’: SHAWNEE RESISTANCE AND THE OHIO VALLEY CAPTIVE TRADE, 1750-1796 Anna Margaret Cloninger Richmond, Virginia Bachelor of Arts, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2009 A Thesis presented to the Graduate Faculty of the College of William and Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of History The College of William and Mary January, 2012 APPROVAL PAGE This Thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Anna Margaret CJoninger J , Approved by the Committee, November 2011 Associate Professor Brett Rushforth, History The College of William and Mary ssociate Professor Andrew Fisher, H The College of William and Mary Associate Professor Paul Mapp, History The College of William and Mary ABSTRACT PAGE In the latter half of the eighteenth century, the captive trade was an important element of Shawnee resistance to westward Anglo-American expansion. -
Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio 1654-1843
Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio 1654-1843 Ohio Historical Society www.ohiohistory.org $4.00 TABLE OF CONTENTS Historical Background 03 Trails and Settlements 03 Shelters and Dwellings 04 Clothing and Dress 07 Arts and Crafts 08 Religions 09 Medicine 10 Agriculture, Hunting, and Fishing 11 The Fur Trade 12 Five Major Tribes of Ohio 13 Adapting Each Other’s Ways 16 Removal of the American Indian 18 Ohio Historical Society Indian Sites 20 Ohio Historical Marker Sites 20 Timeline 32 Glossary 36 The Ohio Historical Society 1982 Velma Avenue Columbus, OH 43211 2 Ohio Historical Society www.ohiohistory.org Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio HISTORICAL BACKGROUND In Ohio, the last of the prehistoric Indians, the Erie and the Fort Ancient people, were destroyed or driven away by the Iroquois about 1655. Some ethnologists believe the Shawnee descended from the Fort Ancient people. The Shawnees were wanderers, who lived in many places in the south. They became associated closely with the Delaware in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Able fighters, the Shawnees stubbornly resisted white pressures until the Treaty of Greene Ville in 1795. At the time of the arrival of the European explorers on the shores of the North American continent, the American Indians were living in a network of highly developed cultures. Each group lived in similar housing, wore similar clothing, ate similar food, and enjoyed similar tribal life. In the geographical northeastern part of North America, the principal American Indian tribes were: Abittibi, Abenaki, Algonquin, Beothuk, Cayuga, Chippewa, Delaware, Eastern Cree, Erie, Forest Potawatomi, Huron, Iroquois, Illinois, Kickapoo, Mohicans, Maliseet, Massachusetts, Menominee, Miami, Micmac, Mississauga, Mohawk, Montagnais, Munsee, Muskekowug, Nanticoke, Narragansett, Naskapi, Neutral, Nipissing, Ojibwa, Oneida, Onondaga, Ottawa, Passamaquoddy, Penobscot, Peoria, Pequot, Piankashaw, Prairie Potawatomi, Sauk-Fox, Seneca, Susquehanna, Swamp-Cree, Tuscarora, Winnebago, and Wyandot. -
Teacher's Guide
Teacher’s Guide Ohio Series The Ohio of Yesteryear n the 1700s a green blanket of forest, interrupted Under frontier conditions, ecological and aesthetic here and there by open prairies, bogs, and consideration for the Ohio forest was out of the marshes, covered what is now Ohio. Although question. The commercial lumbering operation that Ithe rich woodland was probably among the greatest followed a generation or so later merely completed forests ever to grace the earth, the settlers were more the job at a faster pace. The tragedy of the reckless interested in other riches. Pioneers were impressed removal of the primeval forest was compounded by the by the deep soils of the west, the lake to the north and nearly complete waste of what was perhaps the finest river to the south, the magnificent wildlife, and the lumber in North America. More than likely the timber clear and cool streams. But they feared the forest. market arrived soon enough that many of the former backwoods settlers recalled with regret the prime Today, as Ohioans walk through second-growth timber which they had reduced to ash piles in their woodlands and the few small tracts of preserved old- younger days. growth timber, they can only try to imagine the dark and forbidding grandeur of this forest-the-harborer Prairies in the glaciated western and north-central of darkness, strange beasts, and hostile Indians, which sections of the state were permanent openings in the Ohio settlers fought and, at least for a time, conquered. forest, some several miles in length. And there were short-term natural openings created by tornadoes, Despite its grandeur, the forest of giant trees that deadfalls, and fires set by lightning (and some possibly dominated the Ohio Country was a formidable set by Indians). -
The History of Tippecanoe County Compiled by Quinten Robinson, Tippecanoe County Historian the SETTING Tippecanoe County, Locate
The History of Tippecanoe County Compiled by Quinten Robinson, Tippecanoe County Historian THE SETTING Tippecanoe County, located in west-central Indiana, is about 65 miles northwest of Indianapolis and 100 miles southeast of Chicago. Tippecanoe County is 21 miles east to west and 24 miles north to south and Lafayette, the county seat, is situated on the banks of the Wabash nearly in the center. About one-half the surface consists of broad, fertile, and nearly level plains. The balance consists of gently rolling uplands, steep hillsides or rich alluvial bottoms. Occasional wetlands or bogs are found but those were largely drained by the beginning of the 20th century. The Wabash River flows nearly through the middle of Tippecanoe County from northeast to southwest. Tributaries to the Wabash River that drain the north and west parts of Tippecanoe County are the Tippecanoe River, Burnett Creek, Indian Creek, and Little Pine Creek. Draining the south and east parts of the county are Sugar Creek, Buck Creek, North, South and Middle Forks of the Wildcat Creek, Wea Creek, and Flint Creek. Besides Lafayette, cities and towns in Tippecanoe County are West Lafayette, the home of Purdue University, Battle Ground, West Point, Otterbein, Dayton, Clarks Hill, Romney, Stockwell, Americus, Colburn & Buck Creek. In 2010 county population was set at 172,780 PREHISTORIC TIPPECANOE COUNTY The terrain, the Wabash River, and the creeks you see today in Tippecanoe County came to their present condition about 10,000 years ago as the last continental glacier retreated northward leaving a vastly different landscape than what had existed before the advance of the ice sheets began over 700,000 years ago. -
The Battle of Fallen Timbers and the Treaty of Fort Greeneville
A Thesis Entitled The Battle of Fallen Timbers and the Treaty of Fort Greeneville: Why Did Anthony Wayne Win Both and Could He Have Lost? By Bryce Dixon Blair Jr. Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Master of Liberal Studies ____________________ Advisor: Dr. Alfred Cave ____________________ Committee Member: Dr. Michael Jakobson ____________________ Graduate School The University of Toledo May 2005 Acknowledgements This thesis project would have forever remained an uncompleted enigma without crucial support and assistance from several people. My first and most heartfelt thanks go to my wife, Cherie. She worked even harder as almost a single parent during the long hours of reading, research, and writing that quite often kept me away from the family. She left me alone when I needed privacy and solitude and she prodded me to varying degrees when I needed greater focus and motivation. She has also been my invaluable technical advisor for the art of computer science. Though they are too young to appreciate this now, I thank my two young children, Bryce and Eryn, for accepting an absent Dad at times. They provided me with love and attention and much needed respites from academic pursuits. I thank my parents, Bryce and Eleanor, who have always placed a strong emphasis on intelligence and education by example but have done so without judgement. My mother lent me a copy of James Thom’s Panther In The Sky about a dozen years ago and this helped to rejuvenate my interest in this historical era. Special credit is due my thesis committee: Dr. -
Creating Delaware Homelands in the Ohio Country Dawn Marsh
Creating Delaware Homelands in the Ohio Country Dawn Marsh Ohio History, Volume 116, 2009, pp. 26-40 (Article) Published by The Kent State University Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ohh.0.0050 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/263123 [ This content has been declared free to read by the pubisher during the COVID-19 pandemic. ] Creating Delaware Homelands in the Ohio Country dawn marsh On June 24, 1729, Checochinican made a final appeal to Patrick Gordon, the governor of the Pennsylvania province, to protect and preserve the homeland of the Brandywine band of the Delaware Indians. He reminded the governor that this parcel of land was “greatly reduced” relative to the original compact they made with William Penn, the Quaker founder of the colony. In this final appeal for justice, Checochinican reminded Governor Gordon that the Delawares continued to honor Penn’s desire for “peace and love” but that local Quaker residents of Chester County were not honoring the borders agreed on by the Pennsylvania assembly. While this Delaware leader reminded the governor of these details, he put greater emphasis on their increasing inability to live in their homeland. “We have been forbid the use of timber growing thereon . for making cabins.” He explained that the building of mills and dams ruined the river and prevented the seasonal spawning of fish, a vital source of their food.1 Checochinican carefully clarified what would satisfy the needs of his people and what had been guaranteed to them by William Penn and his agents. He explained that the small size of the parcel did not matter as long as they had access to the forests for timber, the fertile bottomlands for their gardens, The author would like to thank colleagues Daniel Richter, Alyssa Mt.