Australian Journal of Entomology (2000) 39, 103–110

A new , Mayawa, for the reception of capitatus Kirkaldy (: Cicadellidae: ) and descriptions of five new species of Mayawa

MJ Fletcher*

NSW Agriculture, Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit (ASCU), Orange Agricultural Institute, Forest Road, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia.

Abstract A new genus, Mayawa, is created for the Australian species Limotettix capitatus Kirkaldy (1907). Mayawa capitata (Kirkaldy) is redescribed and five new species, Mayawa carolae, Mayawa facialis, Mayawa flava, Mayawa fusca and Mayawa neoflava are added to the genus. Illustrations of all six species are provided, as is a key for their separation. The genus is restricted to Australia and the species are primarily grass-feeding. Key words Australia, leafhopper, , .

INTRODUCTION Revisionary work on the Australian Deltocephalinae has determined that L. capitata is congeneric with five new The Australian leafhopper species Limotettix capitatus species representing a new genus. The genus Mayawa gen. n. Kirkaldy (1907) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) is erected below for the reception of these six species. The from Cairns, Queensland, was apparently based on a single elongate ring-like connective clearly places this genus in the female specimen, which I examined at the Bernice P. Bishop tribe Paralimnini, which is otherwise represented in Australia Museum, Honolulu (BPBM), in 1988. Although no further by: (i) Diemoides Evans, with a single described species, specimens of the species could be found at the time, the Diemoides smithtoniensis Evans, and numerous undescribed specimen was designated by Fletcher and Condello (1993) as species; (ii) Euleimonios Kirkaldy, revised by Fletcher and lectotype, rather than recognising it as holotype, because of Condello (1994), with nine species; and (iii) two described the possibility that further specimens may have been avail- and two undescribed species of Soractellus Evans. able to Kirkaldy but no longer identifiable as such in the Evans’s (1966) placement of L. capitata into the BPBM. was a reflection of the delicate build and reduc- Evans (1966) transferred the species from Limotettix J. tion in the first preapical cell of the species. Macrosteline Sahlberg (tribe ) to the Macrostelini, placing it in genera are characterised by the presence of only two pre- the genus China because of its superficial simi- apical cells and, in this feature, Mayawa might appear to be larity to the Australian species of the genus, Cicadulina intermediate between the Paralimnini and the Macrostelini. bimaculata (Evans) and Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar) The first preapical cell of most species of Mayawa is usually which he synonymised with it. Kitching et al. (1973), in a reduced and, in some specimens, is obsolete, leading to an review of the Australian species of Cicadulina, rejected apparent presence of only two preapical cells in the teg- Evans’s (1966) synonymy and transferred the species back to men, typical of the Macrostelini. However, this condition in Limotettix, despite their doubts that it had an affinity with Mayawa is convergent and not analogous to the condition Limotettix striola (Fallèn), the type species of Limotettix. found in the Macrostelini. In addition, the structure of the Vilbaste (1976) maintained Evans’s (1966) placement and aedeagal connective, and the significance of this feature for synonymy, although he recognised that Cicadulina capitata delineating the tribes of the Deltocephalinae (M. D. Webb, differed by suggesting that Cicadulina bipunctella (Matsu- W. J. Knight, pers. comm., 1993), clearly places Mayawa in mura) and C. capitata should be subspecies of C. bipunctata. the Paralimnini. The placement of M. capitata into Limotettix Evans (1977) followed Kitching et al. (1973) in their deter- was based on the superficial similarity of the female lecto- mination of two species of Cicadulina in Australia and noted type with species of Limotettix but the structure of the con- that both were different from capitata, whose generic pos- nective shows that this association was erroneous. ition ‘must remain uncertain’. Day and Fletcher (1994) listed Little is known of the biology of species of Mayawa. the species in Limotettix following Kitching et al. (1973), Mayawa capitata has been collected on grasses and Sida although stating that the true generic affinities of the species acuta (Malvaceae), while two of the new species have been probably lay elsewhere. collected from wild rice. Advice from the collectors is that the term wild rice may apply to either or both of two species of *Email: [email protected] Oryza. Both Oryza meridionalis N. Ng (= Oryza rufipogon 104 MJ Fletcher

Griffith) and Oryza australiensis Domin occur in the area in genital plates frequently short, apically rounded or truncate which the were collected (J. F. Donaldson QDPI, with short apical extension differentiated, with macrosetae pers. comm., 2000). It is possible that the species of Mayawa and microsetae along outer margins; internally ridged corres- are primarily grass-feeding, although the record of M. capi- ponding with apices of parameres. Parameres with well- tata from Sida was part of a project targeting of Sida developed angulate, preapical shoulder and apical process and this record is therefore regarded as valid. coarsely serrate or tuberculate along inner (medial) margin, sometimes apically truncate or angled. Connective narrow with short body and arms connected apically to form elong- MATERIALS AND METHODS ate ring. Aedeagus with well-developed basal apodeme and apical ovate gonopore. Shaft narrow elongate with one or Taxonomic study of leafhoppers requires examination of the two pairs of short apical recurved processes. Anal segment internal structures of the male genitalia. These are examined unadorned. Female seventh sternite medially produced, occa- by removing the abdomen and macerating it in 10% KOH. sionally with two deep emarginations on either side of the Details are given at http://www.agric.nsw.gov.au/Hort/ascu/ midline. Ovipositor valves parallel-sided throughout most of leafhop/methods.htm length, tapering to acute apex. Valve 2 with dorsal margin The photographs appearing in the present paper were taken thickened over basal half, shortly desclerotised, then bearing with an Agfa ePhoto1680 digital camera (AgfaÐGevaert Ltd, evenly spaced, rounded teeth to apex. Third valve unadorned. Nunawading, Vic., Australia) through a Zeiss Stemi SV8 Etymology. The genus name is feminine and comes from the stereomicroscope (Carl Zeiss Pty Ltd, Camperdown, NSW, Dätiwuy aboriginal dialect (Thieburger & McGregor 1994) Australia) and downloaded using Agfa PhotoWise Image and is named for Thea Bulyinyidi-Mayawa Joy-Jarvis, who Acquisition and Management Software (AgfaÐGevaert Ltd, has grown up steeped in the culture of native Australia at Nunawading, Vic., Australia). The resulting images were Maningrida, NT. enhanced and adjusted as required using Adobe PhotoShop 5.0 (Adobe Systems Inc., Mountain View, California, USA). Full Key to males of Mayawa colour copies of Figs 1Ð21 are available on the ASCU web site at http://www.agric.nsw.gov.au/Hort/ascu/cicadell/publicat 1 Head lacking black or dark brown markings The following abbreviations are used in this paper: AMSA, (Figs 11,12) ...... Mayawa flava sp. n. Australian Museum, Sydney; ANIC, The Australian National Ð Head with black or dark brown markings (e.g. Collection, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, ACT; Figs 2,3) ...... 2 ASCU, Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit, NSW Agri- 2 Tegmen opaque greenish yellow, concolorous with culture, Orange, NSW; BMNH, The Natural History Museum, dorsum of body (Figs 4,16) ...... 3 London, UK; BPBM, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Ð Tegmen with veins coloured and cells translucent Hawaii; QDPI, Queensland Department of Primary Industries, (Figs 1,7,13)...... 4 Indooroopilly, Qld; QM, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Qld. 3 Face with dark colouration restricted to narrow black curved markings around dorsal margin of frons (Fig. 6); preapical aedeagal processes closely aligned TAXONOMY with shaft of aedeagus (Fig. 28) ...... Mayawa carolae sp. n. Mayawa gen. n. Ð Face with extensive dark coloration, black, brown Type species. Limotettix carolae sp. n., here designated. or both, on frons and usually anteclypeus and lora Diagnosis. Delicate species 4Ð6 mm in length, macropterous. (Fig. 18); preapical aedeagal processes apically Head with face shagreen, longer than wide, strongly convex diverging from shaft of aedeagus (Fig. 52) ...... side to side; ocelli marginal, close to, but not touching, anter- ...... Mayawa facialis sp. n. ior margins of eyes; lora small, separated from anterior 4 Preapical aedeagal processes more than twice the margin of face by wide maxillary plates. Vertex shagreen, length of apical processes and extending outward longer in midline than against eyes; nearly as long as wide from shaft (Figs 22,34); first preapical cell (counting between eyes; angularly rounded to face, not marginally car- from costa) less than half the length of third pre- inate. Pronotum short, narrow laterally, lacking longitudinal apical cell (Fig. 7) ...... 5 carina between eye and tegmen, obscurely transversely Ð Preapical aedeagal processes not longer than apical striate. Tegmen long and narrow, with three preapical cells, processes, not extending outward from shaft (Fig. the first (R) frequently very short and triangular, occasionally 46); first preapical cell more than half the length of obsolescent or open to costal margin, the third (Cu) closed third preapical cell (Fig. 13)...... basally by m-cu so the second (M) is the longest. Appendix ...... Mayawa neoflava sp. n. well developed, although narrow, extending nearly to apex of 5 Paramere with apical lobe broad, angled, directed tegmen. Pygofer usually produced posteriorly, lower margins laterally (Fig. 35); subgenital plates emarginate ap- incurved, often with short stout sclerotisation on lower ically (Fig. 32); head without round spots (Fig. 8)..... margin near apex, with dense macrosetae on apical half. Sub- ...... Mayawa fusca sp. n. Description of Mayawa and new species 105

Ð Paramere with apical lobe extended posteriorly, curved, directed posterolaterally (Fig. 23); subgenital plates apically roundly acute, not emarginate (Fig. 20); vertex often with two round spots, sometimes faint (Fig. 2)...... Mayawa capitata (Kirkaldy)

Mayawa capitata (Kirkaldy) new combination (Figs 1–3,19–24,55–56) Limotettix capitatus Kirkaldy 1907: 64; Kitching, Grylls and Waterford 1973: 141; Day and Fletcher 1994: 1208. Cicadulina capitata (Kirkaldy): Evans (1966): 253. Cicadulina bipunctata capitata (Kirkaldy): Vilbaste 1976: 27. Type. Queensland. Lectotype female (designated by Fletcher & Condello 1993: 39), Cairns, viii.1904, coll. Perkins (BPBM). Other material examined. Queensland. One male, Ingham, 15.iii.1961, K. L. Harley, light trap (ANIC); four males, one female, Ingham, 6.ii.1982, J. F. Donaldson, D-vac (QDPI); one male, Karumba, 18.iv.1983, J. F. Donaldson, D-vac (QDPI); one male, Horne Island, 20.iii.1984, J. W. Turner, ex grass (QDPI); one male, York Island, 22.iii.1984, Figs 7Ð12. Mayawa spp. (7Ð9) Mayawa fusca: (7) habitus; (8) J. W. Turner (QDPI); one male, Sue Island, 17Ð23.v.1985, dorsal view of head and pronotum; (9) facial view of head. Donaldson and Hamacek, at light (QDPI). Northern Terri- (10Ð12) Mayawa flava: (10) habitus; (11) dorsal view of head tory. One male, Fogg Dam, 16.ii.1987, C. Wilson, on Sida and pronotum; (12) facial view of head (scale lines 0.5 mm). acuta (ASCU). Western Australia. One male, Millstream, iv.1971, Limotettix capitatus Kirkaldy, J. W. Evans det. 1972 (ASCU); two males, Roebuck Plains near Broome, 17¡55«S, 122¡35«E, 14.iii.1994, S. Wijesuriya, in light trap (ASCU). Description. Coloration. Pale greenish yellow, with dark brown to black markings as follows: face of head along

Figs 13Ð18. Mayawa spp. (13Ð15) Mayawa neoflava: (13) Figs 1Ð6. Mayawa spp. (1Ð3) Mayawa capitata: (1) habitus; habitus; (14) dorsal view of head and pronotum; (15) facial view (2) dorsal view of head and pronotum; (3) facial view of head. of head. (16Ð18) Mayawa facialis: (16) habitus; (17) dorsal (4Ð6) Mayawa carolae: (4) habitus; (5) dorsal view of head and view of head and pronotum; (18) facial view of head (scale lines pronotum; (6) facial view of head (scale lines 0.5 mm). 0.5 mm). 106 MJ Fletcher

Figs 31Ð36. Mayawa fusca, male genitalia: (31) pygofer, lateral; (32) subgenital plates; (33) aedeagus, lateral view; (34) aedeagus, postero-ventral view; (35) paramere; (36) connective.

Figs 19Ð24. Mayawa capitata, male genitalia: (19) pygofer, lateral; (20) subgenital plates; (21) aedeagus, lateral view; (22) aedeagus, postero-ventral view; (23) paramere; (24) connective.

Figs 25Ð30. Mayawa carolae, male genitalia: (25) pygofer, Figs 37Ð42. Mayawa flava, male genitalia: (37) pygofer, lateral; (26) subgenital plates; (27) aedeagus, lateral view; (28) lateral; (38) subgenital plates; (39) aedeagus, lateral view; (40) aedeagus, postero-ventral view; (29) paramere; (30) connective. aedeagus, postero-ventral view; (41) paramere; (42) connective. Description of Mayawa and new species 107 centre of anteclypeus and around apical half of frontoclypeus Notes. Kirkaldy (1907), Evans (1966) and Kitching et al. with two large round spots or obscure transverse striping (1973) all noted that the species was characterised by two near upper margin; crown with two distinct round spots on large round spots on the vertex. It is clear, however, that these either side; abdominal plates, sternites of thorax and exposed markings are quite variable in the species. Specimens from parts of ovipositor also dark. Tegmina translucent white or most parts of the range bear such spots and usually also bear hyaline with white veins. Morphology. Face of head with a large pair of round black spots on the frons. However, speci- anteclypeus tapering base to apex, apically exceeding maxil- mens from Millstream, WA and the southern parts of Cape lary plates. Vertex flat with short coronal suture. Tegmen York Peninsula from Mornington Island to Kuranda have with wide appendix, first preapical cell very small, third preapical cell closed basally with m-cu crossvein. Male geni- talia. Pygofer elongate, heavily setose on apical half with two distinct patches of microsetae near lower margins on basal half. Subgenital plates broadly triangular, slightly rounded api- cally. Margins bearing 4Ð5 macrosetae over basal half to two- thirds interspersed with long hair setae which continue to apex. Paramere with preapical shoulder bearing cluster of hair setae, apex broad, obliquely truncate and heavily tuberculate. Aedeagus with prominent basal apodeme, shaft straight, parallel- sided in posteroventral view, straight from base but slightly sinuate towards apex in lateral view. Gonopore elongate extending slightly from apex along posteroventral midline. Apex of shaft with two pairs of processes, the first short, acute, curving outwards from apex, the second fused to shaft on either side of gonopore, then diverging laterally basad of gono- pore. Female genitalia. Sternite 7 medially narrowly produced posteriorly to form short truncate process. Pygofer heavily setose over apical two-thirds.

Figs 49Ð54. Mayawa facialis, male genitalia: (49) pygofer, lateral; (50) subgenital plates; (51) aedeagus, lateral view; (52) aedeagus, postero-ventral view; (53) paramere; (54) connective.

Figs 43Ð48. Mayawa neoflava, male genitalia: (43) pygofer, lateral; (44) subgenital plates; (45) aedeagus, lateral view; (46) Figs 55,56. Mayawa capitata, female genitalia: (55) first aedeagus, postero-ventral view; (47) paramere; (48) connective. valve; (56) second valve. 108 MJ Fletcher only obscure brown marks on the vertex and the upper part of and has the preapical aedeagal processes diverging from the the frons is either unmarked or bears transverse brown strip- shaft, whereas in this species the processes are adpressed to ing. All males examined have identical genitalia, irrespective the shaft. The species is widespread in Queensland and is of the colour pattern found on the head. well represented in collections. The species is named for Carol Jarvis of Sydney, a friend of the author. Mayawa carolae sp. n (Fig. 4–6,25–30) Mayawa fusca sp. n. (Fig. 7–9,31–36) Types. Queensland. Holotype male, 31 km south-east of Dunbar, 24.iv.1983, J. F. Donaldson and J. F. Grimshaw, Types. New South Wales. Holotype male, Grafton, D-vac, wild rice (QM; see note in Introduction about likely 28.iii.1958, W. E. Wright, at light (ASCU). Paratypes: one identity of host plant). Paratypes: two males, one female, male, same data as holotype (ASCU). Queensland. Two same data as holotype (QDPI); 24 males, 34 females, 25 km males, Ingham, 15.iii.1961, 20.iii.1961, K. L. Harley, light north-west of Highbury, 24.iv.1983, J. F. Donaldson and trap (ANIC); one male, Samford, 30.xi.1960, M. F. Day and J. F. Grimshaw, D-vac, wild rice (19 males, 31 females in N. E. Grylls (ANIC); one male, 3 km north of Marlborough, QDPI, three males, three females in ASCU); 10 males, 15.iv.1974, J. F. Donaldson (QDPI). two females, 5 km north of Rutland Plains, 25.iv.1983, Description. Coloration. Face pale cream, extensively J. F. Donaldson and J. F. Grimshaw, D-vac (QDPI); two marked with, or almost entirely, dark brown or black. Vertex females, 25 km north-west of Highbury, 24.iv.1983, J. F. cream with two pairs of irregular dark brown spots anteriorly Grimshaw, sweeping wild rice (QDPI). and, occasionally, a pair of orange longitudinal smudges. Description. Coloration. Pale greenish yellow with black or Pronotum cream, often with obscure pale brown longitudinal dark brown coloration restricted to a narrow, medially nar- striping. Thorax ventrally dark or reddish brown with cream rowed or broken, arcuate band around upper margin of post- borders around sutures. Tegmina pale brown, translucent, clypeus, tarsal claws, apices of hind tibiae and, occasionally, with whitish veins. Morphology. Face wider than long. Ante- indistinct smudges on anteclypeus. Tegmina translucent pale clypeus more or less parallel-sided, reaching to approxi- green. Morphology. Head with anteclypeus more or less mately level with maxillary plates. Vertex wider between parallel-sided, exceeding maxillary plates. Crown flat, nearly eyes than long with coronal suture reaching to beyond as long as wide between eyes. Tegmen with broad appendix midlength from base. Pronotum a little longer than vertex, reaching to apex of apical cell 4. First (outer) preapical cell with posterior margin straight. Tegmina narrow with first elongate narrow triangular, nearly as long as third (inner) preapical cell greatly reduced, apically stalked, no more than preapical cell. Male genitalia. Pygofer elongate, apex one-third the length of third preapical cell. Appendix reach- obliquely truncate and densely spinulose, apical half with ing to midway along fourth apical cell. Male genitalia. dense but fine macrosetae and basal half with several discrete Pygofer elongate with longitudinal patches of spinules on patches of microsetae and short hair setae (Fig. 25). Sub- basal half, fine hair setae near dorsal margin basally, genital plates short, apically broad, slightly emarginate, bearing macrosetae scattered over distal half and spinules around 6Ð8 macrosetae along margin interspersed with dense hair apex. Subgenital plates short, broadly triangular with apex setae. Ventral surface of plate finely and densely spinulose. truncate, slightly emarginate. Lateral margin with two or Paramere with preapical shoulder acute and bearing cluster three long setae interspersed with a line of microsetae and of hair setae on inner margin and a patch of microsetae four or five macrosetae. Parameres with preapical shoulder basally. Apical process of paramere elongate, expanded bluntly acute and apical process broadly expanded, almost slightly at midlength, densely rugose over most of surface T-shaped with heavily sclerotised rugosities along apical and coarsely serrate along medial margin. Aedeagus more or margin, which is distinctly concave. Aedeagus parallel-sided less straight, tapering slightly from base to apex. First pair of in posteroventral view with apical processes short, adpressed apical processes elongate acuminate diverging laterally from to shaft, preapical processes originating lateral to gonopore, shaft to about half the length of gonopore. Second pair of slightly curved and diverging from shaft in posteroventral processes parallel to shaft throughout their length, reaching view, slightly recurved and extending toward base of aedea- to about twice the length of gonopore, angulate posteriorly in gus in lateral view. Female genitalia. Unknown. lateral view (Fig. 27). Female genitalia. Sternite 7 with deep Notes. This species is easily distinguished from other species emarginations on either side of the midline margined with of Mayawa by the arrangement of the apical and preapical black and defining median apically rounded quadrate lobe. processes of the aedeagus, together with the concave apical Pygofer with dense but delicate macrosetae over most of margin of the parameres. The species name reflects the outer surface. greater amount of darker coloration on this species than on Notes. Mayawa carolae is distinguished by: (i) the presence other species of Mayawa. of two curved black lines marking the upper margin of the frons, which is quite uniform and distinctive in the species; Mayawa flava sp. n. (Figs 10–12, 37–42) and (ii) the structures of the genitalia. It is close to M. facialis sp. n., which has more extensive brown coloration, particu- Types. Queensland. Holotype male, Moolooka (presumably larly on the frontoclypeus and the ventral parts of the thorax, Moorooka, a suburb of Brisbane), ii.1944, E. F. Riek (ASCU). Description of Mayawa and new species 109

Paratypes: seven males, same data as holotype (BMNH); convex anteriorly, straight posteriorly, with minute pitting one male, Thornlands, 7.ii.1973, J. F. Donaldson, at light scattered across medial area. Tegmen with first preapical cell (QDPI); one male, Thornlands, 9.ii.1973, J. F. Donaldson, at about half the length of third preapical cell, apically stalked, light (QDPI). New South Wales. One male (head missing), basally sessile. Male genitalia. Pygofer elongate with dense Grafton, 28.iii.1958, W. E. Wright (ASCU). macrosetae on distal half and small groups of microsetae Description. Coloration. Uniformly pale lemon yellow ventrally on basal half, apically truncate-emarginate with occasionally with faint longitudinal whitish stripes on prono- small sclerotised ventral incurved flap. Subgenital plate tum and scutellum. Tegmina translucent. Morphology. Face short, apically distinctly emarginate, almost bilobed, with slightly wider than long. Anteclypeus with sides tapering outer lobe dark and sclerotised, inner lobe pale, not sclero- slightly towards apex, apically slightly exceeding maxillary tised. Outer margin with six apically clavate macrosetae. plates. Frons convex. Vertex roundly angulate anteriorly, Paramere apically black, strongly sclerotised, with apical slightly depressed on disc with distinct coronal suture process angled, obliquely truncate, corrugated along inner extending nearly to apical margin. Pronotum short, only and apical margins, preapical shoulder rounded bearing slightly longer than vertex. Tegmen with first preapical cell cluster of eight macrosetae. Connective narrow, keyhole nearly as long as third preapical cell, stalked apically. Appen- shaped. Aedeagus parallel-sided in lateral view, gently taper- dix reaching to middle of fourth apical cell. Male genitalia. ing from base to preapical processes in postero-ventral view. Pygofer elongate, apically narrowly truncate with triangular Apical and preapical processes parallel with each other, incurved process on ventral corner of apex, covering of dense angled outwards from shaft in postero-ventral view. Female macrosetae on distal half and small groups of microsetae genitalia. Unknown. ventrally on basal half. Subgenital plate short, broad, apically Notes. This species is very close to M. flava, from which it emarginate with six macrosetae along lateral margin, dentic- can be distinguished by the presence of black muscle impres- ulate over most of surface. Paramere with roundly angulate sions on the frons. In addition, the apical lobe of the para- apical lobe strongly corrugated along inner and apical mere is angled rather than rounded and the marginal margins. Preapical shoulder rounded, prominent, bearing macrosetae on the subgenital plates are apically clavate. The cluster of five setae. Connective narrow, keyhole shaped. aedeagal shaft narrows from base to the level of the preapical Aedeagus straight, more or less parallel-sided. Apical and paired processes in postero-ventral view while in M. flava it preapical paired processes about equal in length in postero- is parallel-sided. The only known specimen is from far north ventral view, angled slightly outwards from shaft. Female Queensland, quite separate from the known distribution of genitalia. Unknown. M. flava. Notes. This species is easily differentiated from other species of Mayawa by the complete lack of dark coloration Mayawa facialis sp. n. (Figs 16–18, 49–54) on the head and thorax. The species can sometimes be con- fused with some specimens of M. capitata with faint mark- Types. Queensland. Holotype male, Edungalba, near ings but can be separated from these by the lack of a pygofer Duraringa, 23.i.1982, M. S. Moulds (AMSA). Paratypes: two process and by the short broad, apically emarginate, sub- males, one female, Ingham, 6.ii.1982, J. F. Donaldson genital plates. (QDPI); two males, same data as preceding, D-vac, dryland rice (ASCU); three males, Ingham, 23.iii.1961, 7.iv.1961, 20.iv.1961, K. L. Harley, light trap (ANIC); two males, two Mayawa neoflava sp. n. (Figs 13–15, 43–48) females, Millaroo, 18.iii.1982, I. R. Kay, D-vac, rice head- Type. Queensland. Holotype male, Coen area, Cape York lands (QDPI); two males, 13 km south-east of Dunbar, Peninsular, 6Ð12.v.1975, K. J. Houston, D-vac suction 24.iv.1983, J. F. Donaldson, D-vac, wild rice (QDPI); one machine (QM). male, 29 km north-east of Dunbar, 24.iv.1983, J. F. Donald- Description. Coloration. Face pale yellow, frons and gena son and J. F. Grimshaw, D-vac, wild rice (QDPI); one male, above antennae brown with some transverse pale striping, 3 km north of Marlborough, 15.iv.1974, J. F. Donaldson anteclypeus sordid yellow. Anterior margin of head narrowly (QDPI); one male, Arriga, 5.ii.1982, J. F. Donaldson, D-vac white, bordered on vertex by obscure line of irregular small grass adjacent to rice (QDPI). brown spots. Vertex otherwise lemon yellow with slight Description. Coloration. Face pale cream with extensive paling medially on either side of dark coronal suture. Prono- black or dark brown markings on frontoclypeus, anteclypeus tum and mesonotum lemon yellow with obscure whitish lon- and lora. Vertex pale green with obscure brown spots along gitudinal striping. Thorax ventrally brown with yellow apical margin. Coronal suture dark. Thorax pale green above, laterally. Tegmen translucent with veins yellowish basally, sometimes with faint brown speckling on anterior portion of becoming white. Apical cells smoky around edges. Morph- pronotum, ventrally dark brown with pale green lateral ology. Anteclypeus parallel-sided, apically exceeding maxil- margins. Legs pale green with apices of segments and bases lary plates. Vertex flat, slightly depressed medially, anterior of spines brown. Tegmen translucent pale green. Female with margin evenly rounded, slightly longer than half the width pygofer pale green and ovipositor valves black. Morphology. between eyes. Coronal suture long, nearly reaching anterior Face with anteclypeus parallel-sided, slightly exceeding margin. Pronotum nearly twice as long as vertex, evenly maxillary plates. Vertex wider than long with well defined 110 MJ Fletcher coronal suture. Tegmen elongate with venation obscure. First the illustrations featured in this paper. Acknowledgement is preapical cell clearly shorter than third, stalked distally and made of the curators of collections providing material used usually also proximally. Appendix extending to about in this study: ANIC (Dr M. F. Day, Dr G. Clarke), BMNH midway along apical cell 4. Male genitalia. Pygofer elong- (M. D. Webb), BPBM (Dr G. Nishida), QDPI (J. F. Donald- ate, apically roundly truncate, finely serrulate marginally, son) and QM (Dr G. B. Monteith). with two extensive patches of fine hair setae near midlength on each side and long macrosetae covering distal extension. Subgenital plates short, apically truncate or slightly emar- REFERENCES ginate, finely setulose over surface, margined laterally with Day MF & Fletcher MJ. 1994. An annotated catalogue of the Australian long hair setae and five macrosetae. Paramere with preapical Cicadelloidea. Invertebrate Taxonomy 8, 1117Ð1288. shoulder acute, bearing four or five fine hair setae. Apical Evans JW. 1966. The leafhoppers and froghoppers of Australia and New process long, almost straight, slightly widened near Zealand (Homoptera: Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea). Australian midlength, coarsely and roundly serrate to tuberculate on Museum Memoir 12, 1Ð347. Evans JW. 1977. The leafhoppers and froghoppers of Australia and New inner surface. 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Leafhoppers and their natural enemies. Part IX. Notes. This species is close to M. carolae, differing in the Leafhoppers, Hemiptera. Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ preapical processes of the aedeagus diverging from the shaft Association. Division of Entomology 1, 271Ð479. and in the dark colouration of the postclypeus, anteclypeus Kirkaldy GW. 1907. Leafhoppers (Hemiptera). Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association. Division of Entomology (Suppl.) 3, and ventral plates of the thorax. Like M. carolae, the tegmina 1Ð186. are uniformly pale green with the venation obscure. The spe- Kitching RL, Grylls NE & Waterford C. 1973. The identity of the Aus- cific name derives from the dark colouration of the face. tralian species of Cicadulina China (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 12, 139Ð143. Thieburger N & McGregor W (eds). 1994. Macquarie Aboriginal Words. The Macquarie Library, Macquarie University, Sydney. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Vilbaste J. 1976. A revision of Homoptera-Cicadinea described by S Matsumura from Europe and the Mediterranean area. Eesti NSV This work is part of an ongoing revision of the Australian Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised 25, Bioloogia 1, 25Ð36. Deltocephalinae and has been supported by NSW Agricul- ture with funding from the Australian Biological Resources Study. Dr Jasbir S. Mann and Linda Semeraro contributed Accepted for publication 4 February 2000.