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•

. Special N. C. C. W. Convention Number

Featuring the Addresses 01 Rt. Rev. John T. McNicholas, O.P., D.D.-Rt. Rev. Joseph Schrembs, D.D.- Rev. John J. Burke, C.S.P.-Postmaster General Hubert Work -Mary C. Tinney-Mrs. Cornelius Tiers-Mrs. J. W. Keogh-Mrs. WilJtelmine Scheppegrell-Keppler-Joseph I. Breen-Rev. James H. Ryan, D.D.-Dr. Anne M. Nicholson-Rev. William J. Kerby, Ph.D.­ Linna E. Bresette-Sister Miriam Theresa-Rev. Edward F. Ga­ resche, S.J.-Theodore G. Risley-Thomas F. Mulholland-Sarah I. Weadick - Florence Seymour - Catherine Gavin - Charles Galpin­ Rev. E'dward Mahowald-Rev. Thomas J. Gasson, S.J.- Jane Hoey And Full Convention Proceedings of the NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC WOMEN

Yo)ume IV, No.7 Subscription Price Decem ber, 1922 One Dollar a Year

Published Monthly by the NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W. Washington, D. C. 2 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

ARE YOU ABLE TO DEFEND THE CATHOLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM AGAINST THE INCREASING ATTACKS OF ITS ENEMIES? To aid in doing this the National Catholic Welfare Council has issued A CATECHISM OF CATHOLIC EDUCATION A lOS-page booklet of facts concerning the history, organization and management of the Catholic schools in the United States One of the Catechism's most vigorous chapters PROVES TI-IE AMERICANISM OF THE CA THOLIC SCHOOLS ORDER THIS BOOKLET IMMEDIATELY. IT COpy OF THIS CATECHISM. READ IT, AND WILL ASSIST YOU IN ANSWERING TBE IN­ THEN GIVE COpy TO YOUR NON-CATHOLIC QUIRIES OF YOUR NON-CATHOLIC FRIENDS. NEIGHBOR. FIRST KNOW YOUR SCHOOLS; THEN TRY TO IT WILL BREAK DOWN IGNORANCE, MIS­ ENLIGHTEN YOUR NON-CATHOLIC FRIENDS UNDERSTANDING AND PREJUDICE. ABOUT THEM. CATHOLIC ·ORGANIZATIONS SHOULD DIS­ EVERY CATHOLIC PARENT SHOULD HAVE A TRIBUTE COPIES AMONG THEIR MEMBERS.

ct Order them by the hundreds" PRICE LI'- Single Copy ...... 25 cents In lots of 50 or more...... 20 cen ts each In lots of 100 or more ...... 18 cents each Address: NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, Washington, D. C.

ATTENTION, CATHOLIC MEN AND WOMEN! HAVE YOU RENEWED YOUR MEMBERSHIP IN THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC MEN or the NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC WOMEN ------FOR 1923 --.---- These Organizations Need Your Interest, Suggestions., Cooperation and Support Renew your membership at once and get your friends who are not members to join. A One Dollar Contributin Membership entitles you to the N. C. W. C. BULLETIN for one year

~------N . . { Catholic Men The N. C. W. C. BULLETIN, a 36.page, ahonal CouncIl of C a th OICI' W omen illustrated magazine, tells you from month 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, to month what is being done by the Cath­ Washington, D. C. olic men and women acting under the di­ Date ...... •.... rection 01 their ecclesiastical leaders under Enclosed find One Dollar covering: Membership the banner of the National Catholic Wel­ . h {Catholic Men l dO' fare Council. In teN. C. C a th OICI' W omen f an ne Year s Every Catholic interested in promoting subscription to the N. C. W. C. BULLETIN. the interest of the Church in America through the activities of the National Cath­ Name ...... olic Welfare Council should subscribe to Address ...... its official organ-the N. C. W; C. BUL­ City ...... State ....•••..... LETIN. Check if {New membe ( ) 1 ______Renewal () _

RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP AT ONCE by filling out the COUPON printed herewith IF YOU ARE NOW A MEMBER, have Ol'fE of YOUR FRIENDS FILL IT OUT The N. C. W. C. Bulletin December, 1922 Women's Council Annual Convention Number

VOL. IV CONTENTS • NO·7 Page SECOND ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF N. C. C. W. NOTABLE SUCCESS...... 4 Preservation of Catholic Ideals Keynote of Deliberations RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED AT N. C. C. W. CONVENTION ...... '. : ...... 7 INSPIRING SERMON BY BISHOP McNICHOLAS MARKS CONVENTION OPENING...... 8 Points Out Wide Field of Social Action Awaiting Attention of Catholic Women POSTMASTER GENERAL WORK WELCOMES N. C. C. W. DELEGATES TO WASHINGTON ...... 11 Says Future of America Dep~nds upo Women's Help in Solving Present-day Problems

EDUCATION IN A DEMOCRACY DIS SSED BY DR. RyAN ...... ~ ...... " 12 Catholic .Women Asked to Defend Tra 'tional American Ideals in Education EUROPEAN CONDITIONS DESCRIBED 0 N. C. C. W. DELEGATES...... 14 Work of Catholic Women Abroad Praised Welfare Cuncil's Immigration Commissioner WOMEN'S SERVICE SCHOOL BACKED N. C. C. W. CONVENTION .. _ ...... 15 Delegates Pledge $25,000 following addre by Dr. Kerby EDITORIAL COMMENT ...... •...... ,...... 16 Twentieth Century Paganism ...... ,...... 16 A Time for Action...... 16 Our Immigration Problem ...... ,...... 17 Catholic Womanhood Leads the Wa ...... J • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 17 . POEM; A Christmas Prayer. By Charles A. McMi hon...... 17 N. C. C. W. CONVENTION BANQUET ADDRESS...... 18 FUTUREIOF WOMEN'S COUNCIL OUTLINED BY F 21 Says Power of Catholic Womanhood Must Defeat Forces Opposed to Church RURAL PROBLEMS OF AMERICAN WOMEN...... 23 Government Expert and Charities Director Present Interesting Viewpoints

STATUS OF WOMEN IN INDUSTRY EXPLAINED ...... ~ ...... I 24 Minimum Wage Legislation and Better Housing Urged for Women Workers WOMEN'S COUNCIL DELEGATES LEARN OF AMERICA'S IMMIGRATION PROBLEM...... 25 N. C. W. C. Program of Immigrant Aid Enthuses Catholic Women N. C. C. W. CONVENTION TOLD OF WORK OF CATHOLIC WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONS IN EUROPE, SOUTH AMERICA AND SOUTH AFRICA...... 28 BISHOPS OF'COVINGTON, INDIANAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL DIOCESES ENCOURAGE ORGANIZaTION OF MEN'S COUNCIl.; ...... · 31 N. C. W. C. PROGRAM FOR AMERICAN EDUCATION WEEK ...... , ..... , ...... 32 Catholic Agencies to Cooperate in Nation-wide Educational Celebration OCTOBER AFFILIATIONS OF WOMEN'S COUNCIL ...... , ...... 34

f Published Monthly by THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, Washington, D. C. 4 Second Annual Conference of N. C. C table Success Preservation of Catholic Ideals Keynote of Del

NSISTENCE on the pre ervation of Catholic ideals in women toward national a tion. Anyone who rema1l1S local the home, in the school and in social service work wa in his thinking or in his vi ion i simply dead: he is living

I the keynote of the Second Annual Conference of the in a past age. 4 \ solidarity of Catholic action, from coast to National Council of Catholic Vi/omen, held in Washington, coast and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf, mu t be brought D. C., November 21-25. One of the notable results of the :lbout. Our Catholic men and women must take their right meeting was the pledge by the delegates of $25,000.00 to places in the forefront of movements for national welfare. the National Catholic Service School for 'vVomen, the man­ 1 am afraid that in many things we have trailed in the past agement of which is one of the main activities of the and allowed others to lead the way. We must not be trailers Women's Council. The functions of Catholic women's or­ always." ganizations in dealing \vith such important matters as Cath­ TIi hops chrembs outlined his conception of the three-fold olic education, immigrant aid, girls' welfare and women in purpo e of the National Council of Catholic \Yomen as: the industry were discussed in many of the conventi~n addresses. preservation of the integrity of the home; the bringing of 'The excellent reports submitted by the diocesan representa­ women's contact and delicacy into the determination of great tives and organization delegates proved that the Catholic question of public policy; and the exerci e of the influence women of America are thoroughly alive to the. ocial ervice universally imposed by the presence and companion:::;hip of demands of their respective localities. pure womanhood. Realizing the ever-widening field of :1th­ "Woman is the custodian' of the purity olic social service, the delegates pledged and the integrity of the home"J he de­

their enthusiastic support to the .J.. ational clared, "and it will be an ill day for so­ Catholic Service -, chool for Women and ciety when !::>he departs from that noble planned to make it an in titution "which mis ion." is to set standards in every field of 'ocial t the conclusion of hi speech, Bi hop activity." 'chremb. wa ~ pre'ented with an episcopal Following the opening ceremonie at L ring by Mr . Gavin as a token of the ap­ Matthew' Church, the delegates were wel­ preciation felt by the organization for the comed to 'vVashington by Postmaster Gen­ bishop s warm encouragement and support. eral Work, speaking on behalf of the Na­ 1n accepting the ring, Bishop Schrembs tional Administration. Dr. \Vork's addres 'aid he would always trea ure it as a gi ft is printed in full in another section of from the Catholic womanhood or America. the BULLETIN. At this ~es 'jon, Mrs. Harry ::\1. Ben­ zinger of Baltimore, {d., Secretary, anc1 DISIIOP Sen RE~lBS' ADDRESS .:.vIis Florence Loeber of 4"" ew Orleans, At the fir t formal se sion of ·the Con- Chairman Dept. Lay Organizations who .La., Treasurer, presented their reports iu "ention, which was pre. icled over by 1\1rs. was presented with an Epi:;copal Ring by v the \Vomen's Council as a token of the the delegates. Mi{:hael Gavin, President of the or2"aniza- appreciation of the members for his warm ...., coopenltion GREETJl\CS 'E1\T TO HOLY FATHER tion, Rt. Rev. Joseph 'chrembs, D.D., 0 Dishop of Cleveland and Chairman of the Lay Organization ()ne of the first acts of the COlwention was the ~ending Department of the National Catholic \Velfare Council, ad­ of the following cablegram to the Holy Father: dressed the delegates. Bi hop Schrembs told the delegates "The • ational Council Catholic \Vomen in COIlYelltion as­ of his recent visit to Rome, at which time the Holy Father sembled send to the Holy Father their most affectionate homage sent, through him, his ble ing to the National Catholic \Vel­ and pledge their united support to the welfare of the Church and to the promotion of the Papal Fund for Relief'in Russia. fare Council. The Bishop also read the formal exp,essioll \\"e beg the bles ing of His Holiness on the assembled Con- of approval of the National Council of Catholic Women ventioll. adopted at the meeting of the Hierarchy in Washington last +JOSEPH SCHRE~lBS, _ September. This approval expressed the gratification of the Bishop of Cleyeland." i .. bishops at the splendid manifestation of the true loyalty of Following the afternoon e sion, a reception wa held at the Catholic women of the country and asked them to carry the National Catholi{: .vService School, 2400 Xineteenth on their work under the guidance and leadership of their Street. > bishops. In emphasizing the need of national organization The addresses delivered on "International )..Tight," the ~U1d ~ctiOil, BishGp Schrembs spoke in part as follows: first evening session of the Convention, whien wa presided HTo"day there is a movement al11o~g all classes of men and oyer by Mrs. Wm. T. Donovan of St. Louis, are fully-- THE NATION fc WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 5

reported in another section of this issue. On Tuesday, the Benzinger, of Baltimore, and aclclre sed by ~Iiss Linna E. second day of the Convention, the delegates were received Bre'ette, formerly Secretary of the Iudu trial Commission by President Harding at the White Honse. The Pre ident. of Kan 'as, and by ister Miriam Theresa of the Sister . who cordially greeted each delegate, took occasion to con­ of the Holy Names of ] e us and l\tfary. Si ter :Nliriam gratulate Mrs. Gavin, President of the Council, upon the wa . fo:-merly Secretary of the Industrial Commi sion of the excellent work and ideal of the organization. tate of Oregon. Rev. Edward F. Garesche. S.] , of St. Mr . ThereEa Molamphy of Pittsburgh, pre 'ided over Loui " Mo., also spoke on "Home - and Center for atholic the third session of the Convention, which was devoted to \Vorking GirL." receiving report of diocesan representatives. Nlrs. Arthur The Convention Banquet took place on Thursday eyening H. S. Bird, of Salt Lake City, had the privilege of presiding in the large ballr.oom of the New \Villard Hotel, where the over the remarkable session at whi'Ch $25,000.00 were raised convention session were held. Four hundred delegate and for the Service School. The addres:es of Rev. Wm. J. vi itors attended. IVIr. Benzinger, of Bal6more, pre. ided as Kerby, Ph.D., and Rev. James H. Ryan, D.D., delivered at toastmistress i11 place of Mr . Louis N a h, who was unable this session, and the report of the N atiortal Catholic ervice to attend. School, made by Dr. Anne M. Nicholson, Director, are IMMIGRATIO T PROBLEMS DISCUSSED referred to elsewhere in this issue. One of the' 1110st interesting session of the convention The Friday. afternoon. ession , pre -ided over by 1ft-s. F. was devoted to a con ideration of the tatus of women in E. NIackentepe, of !ncinnati, and Mr . James H. Hackett, industry. This se sion was pre ided over by ~1r . Harry 1\.1. of 1\.1ilwaukee, were devoted to the subject. of immigration

NEWLY ELECTED OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF THE NATIO AL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC WOMEN Reading from left .to right .in the f~ont row are: .Mrs. Jl4ichael Gavin, New York City, P:esident; Mr~. W'. T. D~movaI1, St. Louis, First Vice.president; Mrs. Arthur S. Bird.. Salt Lake City, Second Vice-president; Mrs. James H. Hackett, Mtlwaukee, Third Vlc~.presldel1t; Mrs. "Harry M. Benzinger, Balti­ more, Secretary; MISS Florence Loeber, New Orleans, Treasurer. Back row: Mr~. There'la Molamphy. Plttsb'lrgh, Mn. F. E. Mackentepe Cincinnati and Mrs. G. J. McConville, St. Paul, all directors. Other directors of the N. C. C. W. are Mrs. Arthur Gerbel, Oregon City, Mrs. F. E. Slatt'ery, Boston: ~ll's. E. r. Cudahy, Chicago, Mrs. Louis Nash, Dubuque, and 'Mrs. Ellen Weckenbaugh, Santa Fe 6 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN and problems in rural districts. The very interesting and in- Sister Eileen read a paper in which she told of the results tructive addresses delivered at these sessions are reviewed of a survey she had made of the field of dramatic art in elsewhere in this issue. It was recommended by the C011- our Catholic colleges. "Until recently," she said, "ath­ vention that immigrant aid be made one of the features letics constituted a unifying interest in schools; today the of 'the activitie of the National Council of Catholic Women balance of power is swinging towards dramatics. The in each diocese where problems of this nature present mighty force of the dramatic instinct, translated into adoles­ themselves. cence and then into adult maturity, is one great power for The concluding evening session of the Convention, pre­ w'hich the educators must plan, as the child becomes the sided over by Mrs. W. T. Donovan of St. Louis, was ad­ high-school pupil, the high-school pupil becomes the college dressed by Rev. Thos. 1. Gasson, S.]., of Georgetown Uni­ man or woman. Rightly guided, it becomes the source versity, who spoke on "Women's New Responsibilities"; of beauty of conscious art to the world at large. Under­ by Miss Jane Hoey, whose address dealt with "Problems in valued, misprized, neglected, it becomes a source of weak­ Org~nization" ;.and by Rev. John J. Burke, C.S.P., General ness and enervation. The drama may be either the friend Secretary of the N. C. W. c., the subject of whose address or the foe of education, and of all life." was "What the Future holds for the National Council of Mr. l\1cMahon pointed to the Catholic amateur dramatic Catholic Women." Father Burke's address is reproduced movement as a constructive answer by Catholics to , those 111 part on another page. who find so much of mediocrity and indecency in the commercial d'rama and on the screen. He referred to the N EWL Y ELECTED OFFICERS PRESENTED value of parish dramatics in building up the social fabric A feature of the concludiJ session was the presentation of the parish and in developing ane! utilizing Catholic of the newly elected officers and direGtors of the Council, as talent that now frequently finds avenues of expression follows: President, Mrs. Michael Gavin of New York City; outside of Catholic auspices. He urged the speedy forma­ First Vice-President, Mrs. W. T. Donovan of St. Louis, tion of a National Catholic Drama League, and assured Mo.; S~cond Vice-President; Mrs. Arthur A. H. S. Bird of the delegates that the Welfare Council would be glad Salt Lake City, Utah; Third Vice-President, Mrs. James to lend its cooperation to such an organization. The Con­ H. Hackett of , N.[ilwauke~, Wis.; Secretary, Mrs. Harry M. ference appointed a committee of five to confer with a Benzinger of Baltimore; Treasurer,-' Mis's Florence Loeber similar committee delegated by the recent conference of of New Orleans, La. Directors: Mrs. :Michael Gavin, Prov­ the Men's Council, with the thought of perfecting a national ince of New Y 6rk; Mrs. W. T. Donovan, Province of St. organization. Louis; Mrs. A. H. S. Bird, Province of San Francisco; The delegates to the N. C. C. W. Convention showed Mrs. Theresa M. Molamphy, Province of Philadelphia; great interest in the Drama Exhibit which was one of the Miss Florence Loeber, Province of New Orleans; Mrs. distinctive features of the exhibits at the convention. This Harry M. Benzinger, Province of Baltimore; Mrs. F. E. exhibit, which was prepared under the direction of the Slattery, Province of Boston; Mrs. Ed. 1. Cudahy, Province Catholic Women's Drama Guild of Washington, was the of Chicago; Mrs. F. E. Mackentepe, Province of Cincinnati; first exhibit of Catholic dramatic art arranged in the United Mrs. Louis Nash, Province of Dubuque; Mrs. James H. States. Hackett, Province of Milwaukee; Mrs. Arthur Gerbel, Prov­ Not only were stage lighting, costuming and scenic effects ince of Oregon City; Mrs. Ellen Weckenbaugh, Province shown in model form, but experienced students of the drama of Santa Fe; Mrs. C. J. McConville, Province of St. Paul. explained to the delegates the most inexpensive means of production for the public stage or the private home. Scenes CATHOLIC DRAMA CONFERENCE from two hundred of the most notable Catholic productions following the Convention, a Catholic Dramatic Con­ shown in the United States, including convents, colleges, ference was held at the Hotel Willard, Saturday after­ parish theaters, and comprising both indoor and outdoor noon, under the auspices of the Washington Women's spectacles were convincing illustrations of the virility of the Drama ' Guild. Catholic drama movement. Addresses touching upon the drama as an aid to the One of the exhibits showed a production of "Pinafore" intellectual, social and recreational life, of Catholic young carried out in the parlor of a private home in Chicago. men and -women were made by Dr. Thomas Gaffney Taffe, Another showed a medieval theater design, with lighting Director of the Department of Dramatic Art in the Grad­ effects illustrated. ' The exhibit was arranged by Miss uate Scho01 at Fordham University; Miss Cecilia Young, Cecilia Mary Young, of Chicago, and Mrs. R. Le Grand of Chicago, author of a catalogue of 1,000 plays suitable for Clarke. The committee in charge included Mrs. Louis production under Catholic auspices; the Rev. Mr. Vincent Carroll, chairman, Miss Frances Sullivan, Miss Elsie Ker- I Mooney, C.S.C., of Holy Cross College, Washington, and nan, Miss Miriam-Loughran, Miss Helen Mullane, Miss Mr. Daniel E. Doran and Charles A. McMahon, of the Mercedes , Phelan, Miss Margaret Callahan and Miss

National C~tholic We1fare,Coun~iJ. P-I./ Adelaide pwyer. . d,: of ' " I' THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 7

Resolutions of the Convention National Council Catholic Women EDUCATION: Affirming the alle­ aid of all branch societies and organi­ the Council to His Excellency, the giance of Catholic women to the zations in this worthy enterprise. President, for his cordial reception of principle that the right of the parent to the delegates on the occasion of their select the kind of education the child STUDY CLASSSES AND SUF­ visit at the White House and extending shall receive is a native right and can­ FRAGE: Urging all Catholic women's the sympathy of the Council's members not therefore be minimized or abrogated organizations in America to use their on the recent illness of Mrs. Harding, by the state; reassertion of the belief in influence in arousing civic consciousness with the prayer that her recovery will the necessity of religious education as throughout the land to the end that they be speedy and complete. the basis of sound morals and go'od citi­ form classes for the study of all ciVIC zenship; condemnation as un-American problems and, in general, exercise the WOMEN IN INDUSTRY: Unre­ and unconstitutional all legislation such right of suffrage in defense of the prin­ served endorsement of the program of as the recent Oregon amendment de­ ciples sacred to Christian civilization. the United States Women's Bureau of signed to abolish the private school. the Department of Labor for a "living The N. C. C. W. pledges itself and its CHILD LABOR: Protest against the wage," an "eight-hour day," "proper members to use every honorable, means deplorable conditions under which chil­ sanitary conditions," "safe and standard for the maintenance of the educational dren are forced to labor and pledge equipment," and "facilities for rest and liberty which belongs, of right, to the of active support to the enactment of recreation"; urging the formation of citizen. such legislation as will destroy the evil special committees ior the dissemination effects of child labor in the United of accurate knowledge and information IMMIGRATION: Cooperation with States. pertaining to the problem of women in the National Catholic Welfa.re Council's industry and the appointment by each Bureau of Immigration ;in rendering im­ RURAL ORGANIZATION: The Provincial Director of the National migrant aid in follow-up work; recum­ support of the Women's Council is Council of a special representative to mending special assistance by the N a­ pledged to the movement under the aid in the carrying out of these reso­ tional Catholic Welfare Council's Bu­ direction of the N. C. W. C. Social lutions and to report to the national reau of Immigration to points like EI Actio:1 Department for the aid and or­ office of the Council on the progress Paso, Texas, where the need is great. ganization of Catholic women in rural of the effort in each province; pledg­ districts. ing the support and cooperation of the MOTION PICTURES: Protection of Council to all worthy agencies engaged our Catholic people, especially the Cath­ LEGISLATION: Asserting that the in the betterment of conditions affect­ olic youth, from the baneful influence so-called Equal Rights Blanket Amend­ ing women in industry and calling upon of the screen; insistence upon the ment will seriously jeopardize the the Executive Secretary of the National proper presentation in motion pictures remedial industrial legislation for Council to forward copies of these reso­ of American womanhood and American women in industry now existing in lutions to the Women's Bureau of the family life; through national and local many states and will postpone indefi­ Department of Labor, to the proper affiliated organizations, calls upon nitely passage of ,such legislation in Committees in Congress and to the con­ Catholic parents and guardians to scru­ states where such laws do not exist, stituent bodies represented by the dele­ tinize most carefully the motion pic­ and, in the belief that the adoption of gates to the Convention. ture and other entertainment of chil­ the Blanket Amendment will affect se­ dren; pledges copperation with other riously the whole attitude of men and ADVISORY COUNCIL: The Exec­ organizations in the promotion of women to the obligations assumed as utive Secretary is to proceed to secure worth-while pictures; endorsement of husband and wife and the unity of home data concerning membership in the sev­ N. C. W. C.'s Breau of Motion Pic­ and family life, it is pledged that the . eral state and diocesan organizations tures and its efforts to elevate the ar­ active opposition of all Catholic women having membership in the National tistic entertainment, educational and be stimulated against the passage of this Council in an effort to ascertain whether moral standards of the screen and the legislation. these organizations have the ten per N. C. W. C. Better Picture Campaign cent membership required by the na­ for the bringing of ideals of motion HOUSING FOR GIRLS: Recom­ tional constitution. Report in this mat­ picture production more closely in con­ mends the formation of national and ter to be submitted to the next annual formity with Christian ethics and cor­ local committees to survey in the sev­ convention. rect moral prnciples. eral cities the needs and facilities for homes and centers for Catholic girls GENERAL RESOLUTIONS: E~ MARRIAGE AND FAMILY LIFE: and the appointment of a Committee to pression of thanks to His Grace the Pledges its members to do all possible study all the phases of the question and Most Rev. Michael J. Curley, b.D., to promote ideals of Christian ' woman­ report to the next annual convention Archbishop of Baltimore, for his kindly hood, the sanctity of the home and the as to the feasibility of the N. C. C. W. help to the Council and his generous cooperation with Catholic women of for­ entering into the work of establishment interest in the convention; to the Rignt: eign countries in the perpetuation of of the homes and centers. Rev. john T. McNicholas, O.P., D.D., Catholic standards determining the re­ Bishop of Duluth, for his wonderfully sponsibilities assumed by those entering CHURCH NOTICES IN HOTELS: inspiring sermon on the occasion of the into the marriage contract. Decision to cooperate with Catholic Pontifical Mass at the convention's Actor',c;; Guild in placing cards ill ho­ opening; to the Right Rev. Joseph CONGRATULATIONS TO EURO­ tels giving location of Catholic churches Schrembs, D.D., Bishop of Cleveland, PEAN CATHOLIC WOMEN: The in all the large cities of the country'. for his kindness in coming to the Con­ splendid accomplishment of European The cards are procurable at the office vention and addressing the delegates Catholic Women in defeating objec­ in Washington of the National Coun­ and for this great generosity in con­ tionable laws and measures and in de­ cil of Catholi& Women. tributing $5,000 from the Diocese of fending and promUlgating righteous Cleveland to the fund for the Service legislation is a cause for congratulation. SERVICE SCHOOL: Congratuht­ School and $1,000 as a personal con­ ing the Faculty and Staff of the Service tribution; to the contributors to the AID TO EUROPEAN CATHOLIC School on the splendid success of the fund for the Service School endowment WOMEN: Committee of five to be ap­ work at the school and tendering the fund to whom special certificates in pointed by the president to enquire into thanks of the Council for the splendid testimony of their generosity will be and report as to the feasibility of en­ reception afforded the delegates on N 0- sent; to the Board of Directors of the gaging in an effort to aid the stricken vember 21. Council and the Council oflkers for Catholic women of Europe by the sale their efficient conduct and management and distribution of their handiwotk and THE PRESIDENT AND MRS. of the work of the organization' to the products and to endeavor to enlist the HARDING: Expressing the thanks of (Continued on page 20)' 8 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC W BULLETIN

Ins.piring Sermon by Bishop MeN ieholas Marks Opening of Women's COllneil Convention Points Out Wide Field of Social Action Awaiting Attention of Catholic Women

ASS, celebrated by the Most dependence of Catholic societies of Reverend lVIichael J. Curley, NOTABLE STATEMENTS IN women nor appreciate, as does your cen­ M D.D., Archbishop of Baltimore, BISHOP McNICHOLAS' SERMON tral organization, the value of coopera­ and a ermon by the Right Reverend "The Catholic Church is the greatest tion. Bundreds of groups of women moral force in the world for right John T. McNicholas, D.D., Bishop of thinking and right living and the most from the Atlantic to the Pacific are at­ Duluth, marked the formal opening of powerful support of law and order in tempting varied works. You are, I as­ any government." the Second Annual Convention of the "Never before in the United States sume, keeping in sympathetic touch with National Council of Catholic Women. has the Church had such a favorable every organization, studying its method ' , Delegate and visiting members of the opportunity. to present her case; never such certainty of obtaining a hearing." following its progress, recording its Women'~ Council filled St. Matthew's "The National Catholic Welfare achievements, stimulating initiative ,,,here Church, where the services took place. Council deserves unstinted praise and it is lacking, discouraging fus y activity. encouragement for the beginning it has Taking as the subject of his di course made in presenting the case of the and pettiness of spirit, and holding up Catholic Church. The work should go "Church and Country," Bishop 1V1c­ the importance of obtaining s~lbstantial on, but this is impossible without gen­ Nicholas poke in part as follows: erous support." results. "In the short period of three yc rs a "This work needs great resources­ not resources which will come through DLESSI.lT G OF CrrURCII 0 \YORK great national organization has come into 'the regular revenue of parochial and being. Thi body is met here today diocesan channels. but resources which "You have the advantage of being able will come from the superabundance of through you, its representatives. There all whom God has generously blessed to make a coml arative . tudy of unit:­ were apprehensions at first about the with material possessions. Resources that are carrying on the same line of will not be wanting if our Catholic peo­ scope of your organization, for it seemed ple be shown the need. They will be work. This . tudy should enable you to to emhrace too much, and the further quick to see the necessity and the ad­ formulate norms and to et standard~, vantage of prompt action if we but de­ dangers threatened of undertaking too liver the message." which can only be done through a central great things in too :-.hort a time, and 0 £ organization. It is first nece sary to get having great initial enthu iasm 'with- things right in theory and principle. out being assigned well-defined constructive work. But ,Your central office, in di~charging its duty, does not as~ume all anxieties have vanished. All doubt have been put authority or dictate policie , but offer helpful uggestion;; aside. wheneyer and wherever acceptable. For all your work "The Xational Council of Catholic \Vomen, in re"'ponse Xou have sought and received the bles ing of the upreme to the call of the authority of the Church, sprang l1p over authority of the Church, vested in the Vicar of Christ, a night. Guided by that ame authority and protected by ble ' ing which is not to be under tood a identical \'{ith its ble:;sing, y~)U hould carryon your work with con­ appro\'al of all the detail ' of your work, but which in­ fidence, courage and per everance. In your parochial and yokes the guidance of the Dle ~ sed Trinity on your labors for dioce an unit the cope and variety of your work can Chnrch and country." be mo t clearly defined. There it is your duty and privi­ Bi~hop lVlcNicholas then tated that defense of the hu"ch lege to undertake whatever may be entrusted to yon oy was the first duty and privilege of the X ational Conncil parochial or epi copal authority, Under the vigilant eye of Catholic \Vomen. He praised the relia-ion , en e of the and prudent guidance of local authoriti~s, you will never, ~ \merican people and their almost l1niver a1 wish to be fair. exceed the limits set for you. In your national com­ ~ \t the same time he ·tated that more than 60.000,000 of mittees and organization, you are a clearing-hon e of idea ' ; the American people are regarded as indifferent to all you are a bureau 0.£ information and ugge tion; you religion. are a correspondence school, imparting the knowledge that "~lany millions of non-Catbolic , apparently fair minded yon have gathered; you are a publishing hou e, recording on ~\'ery other question, however, refu e ab. olutely," the the achievements of Catholic women everywhere, espe­ Bishop stated. "to consider the Catholic Church, cla ifying cially in America; yon are a resourceful friend who will her in their o\\'n mind as a plague and entertaining heredi­ advise and caution and give a helping hand whenever tary prejudice against the Catholic Church. Some who invited to do so. know nothing of her history and doctrine hate her a the "You can plan many things which could not be so well 1110. t iniquitou in titution in the world. orne few find it formulated by those who e vi ion does not embrace our remunerative to wage war on the Catholic Church. ThE're vast continent and who may not understand the inter- are politician beneath contempt who do not hesitate to THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC \VELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 9

arou e religious strife in a commU1?ity merely to take ad­ are now engrossing the public mind? Shall we fail to tell vantage of it for their own political advancemCllL. There are liberty-loving American, what the Church understand by many religotl denomination which are bitterly oppo ed to liberty, how she has ever been the guardian of liberty, how the Church because of her unity and authority. This need her divine con titution obliges her always to e pouse the not surprise us, since they are the children of those who cause of liberty? Shall we lose the opportunity to prove four hundred years ago attacked the unity and authority that Catholics ever demand liberty? ·of the Church. The e same religious denominations con­ STEAL! G AWAY PEOPLE'S LIBERTIES demn her today because she refuses to have any part in their .'cheme of unity. Intent upon condemnation, they "The present tendency towards excessive ?rganization neyer a k themselves: 'Can unity e~ist anywhere except afford this curious paradox: Propagandists, agitators and where Chri. t has placed it?' They re­ legi lators, while talking of and pretending fu e t consider even the possibility that to extend the liberties of the people, are the unity of the Catholic Church is the in reality stealing them away and impos­ unitv of Christ. Calumnie are ent broad­ ing the tyrannous yoke of bureaucracy, .c:a t about the authority of the Church; \Vhat an opportunity to give the outlil~e yet the e . ame Christian denominations of the Church' truggle in the cau~e of a;'e disintegrating for the very reason that ju tice 1 Shall we fail to a sure the poor they ha\'e no teaching authority. They are and laboring cla ses that the Church will not asking: '\ Vhere is the teaching au­ fio-ht their battles with them in every jut tbority which Christ left to Hi Church ?' cause, and that they always haye a friend They ref use. to consider the possibility of in her, even though, as a friend, he can­ that teaching authority being vested in not approve of their every action? hall the Catholic Church. \Vonderfnl is God's we not tell Americans where the Church Pro\'jdence ~ These very denomination=, stands on the right of private property? which would haye destroyed the unity Shall we not make all under. tand that and authority of ehri. t's hurch \\'i11 cea:e the Church inculcates from .infancy to old to exi t becau 'e of their lacl" of unity age re:pect for an authority, domestic, and authority 1 civil and religious? Shall we fail not to make the ma ses gra p the general out­ • ' PHE 'EDE-TED OPPO, lT1O)I' TO C ' RCII RT, REV. JOHN T. McNICHOLAS line of the hi tory of education in ,Amer­ O.P,. D,D. Bi hop )'lc icholas . tated that the oppo­ Bishop of Duluth. l\1inlle~ota ica, and the principal facts about the sition to the Catholic Catholic sy tem? Church was unprece- "The eye of America dented in the hi. tory of THE CATHOLIC HOME are fixed on the school OHr C01111try and that thi ' . "The Church stresses the fact that the home is a divine institution question, but its vision is oppo ition wa aroused by that 110 human aut/LOrit). can disrupt,' th-at there is a divine author­ it), exercised by parents, a'lie I' their children; that children are the unfocu ed. Public opin­ bigotry ignorance, politi­ blessing of God)' that the atmosphere of the, home shou,ld be Chris­ ion i mi informed. Lib­ cal and ocial considera­ tian; that jO}' and peace should prevail there)' that there should be l/Iutual consideration for all in the home) children, 10vin[J and 1'e­ erty of education i not ti ns, a en ational pre s, specting their parents, parents, on the other hand) solicitous to have explained. The inalien­ a hirelino- propaganda and their children happ}· alld contented) enjoying the blessing of health) deve/oping i1ltellectua1l31 according to the gifts bestowed 1tpon them able right of parents are poorly informed zealot. by God, growillg in spiritual Imowledge to appreciate life-not not made known. The The duty of Catholic, in merely Hfe ill the I'asslllg of earthly years, but life in the fulness duty of the tate to afe­ and bliss of eternity, for which every httJllan soul 'ZJJaS created.>J­ the circum tances, in the Bishop Ale Ticholas, guard the, e rights, as well 0pullon of the bi hop, a those which are prior was to follow the guiding to the formaticn of civil principle of t. ugustine, namely, "to pray a if all de­ government, rather than to encroach upon or to attempt to pended on prayer and to work a if all depended upon aboli h them absolutely, is 110t even hinted at. The presenta­ -our elve." The focllsing of the attention of the public on tion of the school. question IS not fair. Already unj 11 t the Church, even though it were due to the calumnies provisions are written into the legislative books of one uttered against her, wa stated to be a favorable development. state, The people, misinformed and mi-judging, have Ull­ "Public opinion," continued the Bishop, "i in the forma­ knowingly been induced to employ the ballot a all agency tive stage, a tage which the Church, without the aid of of, tyranny. Love of liberty i inherent in the human heart. her enemie , could not have hoped to bring about in a No human power, no form of tyranny, can eradicate it. hundred year. The rna se are willing to Ii ten 1 \i\Thile Eyery encroachment on it brings eventually its ovvn puni 'h­ they are thu receptive, shall we be ilent? ShaH we fail ment. Shall. we fail to make every American under tand to speak out the truth, e pecially on those questions which the true idea of liberty of education? Can we 110t make 10 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

it clear to the whole American people that the things the mands anything contrary to nature with its divinely or­ Church stands for mean the stability of civil government, dained processes. Wherever the Catholic religion has meari law and order, mean the protection of -life; property . fashioned a people, there 'we find joy and happiness, and and home, mean the -defense of liberty as it fires man from a sense of humor. Every lawful pleasure has its place with infancy to old age?" that beautiful variety and harmony which exists among Bishop McNicholas stated that no man or woman could the flowers and trees, the vales and hills and rivers of study the true facts of the history of the Church without smiling nature. The Church accepts everything in the natu­ being compelled to acknowledge that the Catholic Church ral order, never wishing to destroy it, or to change its is the greatest force in the world for right thinking and nature, but only to perfect it, to spiritualize it. The direct right living and the most powerful support of law and concern of the Church is the supernatural, eternal happi­ order in any movement. ness, the salvation of immortal sonl. The Church is, how­ In taking advantage of t~e favo;:able opportunity to ever, indirectly interested in the moral aspect of every present the case of the Chur'Ch in the United States, Bishop question." 1tlcNicholas pointed out that it is the duty of all Catholics The preservation of the home as a divine institution, to set forth the case of the Catholic Church in a positive consideration ~f Catholic literature, modesty in dress, alle­ manner, to present a constructive program, and to explain giance to Catholic principles in Catholic social action, the the positive position of the Church on all questions, espe­ return to more simple tandards of Ii fe and living, and cially those which are of vital interest to the American more attention to intellectual and spiritual development, public. were stressed by Bishop McNicholas as matters needing the In dwelling upon the need of a great nal!'Jnal organiza­ serious attention of Catholic women. ti.on such as the National Catholic Welfare Council,' Bishop The Bishop also asked the \Yomen's Council to interest M'CN icholas said: themselves in the work of Americanization, concluding his "The Church needs every force she has through which address as follows: her message can be delivered to millions. She needs great "First, let us have confidence, patriotic confidence, in resources-not resources whiC;h will come through the ordi­ ourselves as citizens 'of the United States. Let us insist nary revenue of parochial and diocesan channels, but re­ that every Catholic citizen cultivate and experience in him­ sources whi.ch will come from the superabundance of all sel f this confidence. whom God has generously blessed with material possessions. CULTIVATE LOVE FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE Resources wjl1 not be wanting if our Catholic people be shown the need. They will be quick to see the necessity and ((Secondly, we should urge all the Catholic children of the advantage of prompt action if we but deliver the the United States, whatever be the nationality of their messag~. The National Catholic Welfare Council deserves parents, to cultivate a great love for the English language. unstinted praise and encouragement for the beginning it has Could we not offer thousands of substantial annual prizes to made in presenting the case of the Catholic Church. The the children of our foreign-born citizens to stimulate their work should go on, but this is impossible without generous interest in the study of English? Our success, I am sure, support. with the children of those whose mother-tongue is not "There are. other particular methods which yon, as a English will be extraordinary if we but perfect an organi­ national body of Catholic w~men, can employ to defend zation to give them the necessary encouragement. Let our the Church. Not as those sent to teach, but with knowl­ next generation of children of foreign-born parents~Poles, edge, with enthusiasm, with courage, with discretion and Italian J French, German, Jugo-Slavs and Czecho-Slovaks, perseverance, under the teaching authority of the Church: and all the nations of the world here gathered-feel that Catholic women, in their various c:.pheres of activity, can confidence which a perfect command of the English language defend the Church. Catholic women should have a greater will give them. Your Courlcil may be able to give great knowledge of the Chur'Ch, of her in ·titutions, of her spirit, encouragement to this study. of her traditions. 'Vith Catholic women religion is not "Our love of country is part of our religion. It is, or mer'ely an incident of their lives, not an affair of Sun­ should be, a supernatural virtue, the special virtue which, day only. Religion embraces every day and hour of life, according to the Angelic Doctor, is classified under piety. demanding an account of every conscious deliberate act; We owe filial piety to our parents. Our patriotic piety pays either for or against the sanctification of our own and our duty a'nd homage to our country, as it also, in a certain neighbor's soul. Religion can address you in these words: sense, is the principle of our being. Patriotic piety makes 'Every act which proceeds from clear perception and de­ protestation of the charity we bear towards our country. liberate consen~, is either for me or against me.' This con­ By religion we pay our debt to God. By filial and patriotic sideration gives to the Catholic woman's life a very serious piety we pay our debt to parents and country. May your aspect-not that religioll is a gloomy thing, not that it Council pay these debts 'with a hundredfold interest by deprives one of any legitimate pleasure, not that it de- doing many constructive things for religion and country!" THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 11

Postmaster General Work Welcomes N. C. C. W. Delegates to Washington Says Future of America Depends Upon Women's Help in Solving Present Day Problems

ORMAL welcome to offspring by the ability to maintain a fixed standard of the national capital was living. Who are they that would patent licentiousness, F extended to the dele­ deny the rights of parenthood and the privileges of being gates to the S~~ond Annual born? Surely they never felt the infant's breath on their Convention of the \Vomen', cheek or saw the trusting soul of a child through its eyes, Council by Dr. Hubert or evaluated those who were reared in respectable poverty \York, Po tmaster General. by self-denying mother.s. In his address· Dr. \Vork "Religion i defined as any sy tern of faith or wor hip. praised the work which the. To a woman it is more. It is the bloom of a flower, the Catholic women of the COLln­ coloring of a perfect fruit, the halo about the word, lVIother. try were doing in aiding the It is through ~omen men live and for women men work, ~olution of the pressing war and prosper. It is through women God transmits to problem of the day. He earth His spirit and to Him that it is recalled in His time. ~tated that their con 'tructive We know without reason, that it returns to it Creator :OR. HUBERT WORK who welcomed the N. C. C. W. Del­ to om the turmoil of war or from the peaceful environ of egates to Washington. home. Noone has ever seen, nor mea. tueel, nor cIa sified, nor described, the spirit of man. Neither i the instinct that unerringly guides the homing pigeon understood, but we to maintain a fixed tandard of living and belieye in a system of future rewards and punishment 111- childbirth and the rights of \ parenth stilled in us by our mothers, to which we mu ' t acc

capital is not nece sary, Lut a cordial greeting to them is "The Government and the Chri. tian church must 0'0 for­ always appropriate. 'ward hand in hand, for what policy of government has "It is the mother who mold the common conscience of ever been carried to a 'ucce sful conclusion that wa not the nation upon which the nation is dependent for its inspired by the doctrines of humanity as founded by the vision and integrity of purpose and al 0 its churche that Saviour? Our is a government by the majority, a~d we preserve the traditions of religion and perpetuate beliefs are a Chri. tian people. No act ha ever passed the national which anchor men. Congress that had not the active support of the Christian "It is to the .mother the child first pray, later through church of the land and it is my conviction that none will her and finally with her. It i' the spirit of prayer that will ever be placed upon the statute books that has not first save the nation and the practice of it that shifts burdens received the stamp of approval from those who believe in too great to be borne alone. It was through a woman that a Higher Being and who have faith in an Almighty Power. Christ came and through women the spirit of God comes to The spirit of American institutions, therefore, is interwoven earth through little children to this day. . with the spirit of Divine guidance and the de tinv of thi::; "The child's flesh and blood is of its mother, and what it Government of the people, by the people, and for the people nurses from her builds it body, pi ritualizes its mind and rests in His hands. eventually determines its character. The affection of wo­ "V'; orship is an instinct in all peoples. The necessity to men is at once her weakness and her greatest strength. It appeal to something higher, is inborn. With the American is preyed upon and relied upon to minimize our faults and people it is the' Christian religion that appeals and our civil­ appraise our virtues commensurately. ization is the crowning tribute to the efficacy of it. "It was the human ympathy of the Great Physician that "I am peculiarly interested in the problems that your perpetuates the worship of believers and compels the ad­ organization has undertaken because upon their solution miration of those who deny Hi Divinity. It is that human depends the future of the American repUblic. As we all sympathy which recalls to hi mother the outlaw who e know, a country cannot survive among whose population hand is against every man and the memory of a mother's ignorance upon a large scale exists, for ignorance begets love that brings tears to the aged. poverty and poverty begets misery. The enlightenment of "There are those in these days who would mate people our people is of the most supreme importance and this can- . as animals are controlled; who would regulate human eContinued on page 33) . 12 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETL Education in a Democracy Discussed by Dr. Ryan Catholic Women Asked to Defend Traditional American Ideals in Education

HE ,TIT ANTC struggle impending in the United either by the state or the Federal Government. The right State between the two philosophies of education­ of the parent to determine the kind of education hi child T one of the nationalist and the other the traditional hall receive-public or private-has been looked upon a a American attitude-was dwelt upon by Rev. James H. native right and, therefore, inalienable. It has been con­ Ryan, D.D., Executive Secretary of the N. C. W. C. De­ sidered an American right conformable to the spirit of the partment of Education, in his address on 'Education in a Constitution, which pledges liberty, particularly religious Democracy" at the econd evening es ion of the 'vVomen's and educational liberty, to every American citizen. In line Council Convention. with this attitude the Government has not only allowed, but "The upholders of the nationali::t philosophy are seek­ has always encouraged private schools." ing by propaganda and political pressure," aid Dr. Ryan, "to impose their conception of American education on the ANTI-CATHOLIC HATRED AS1£ OF OPPO ' ITION country. The defender of the traditional American atti­ It was stated that the prop, ganda for the acceptance of tude are being aroused to a sense of the menace to their the nationalist philosophy w being promoted by influentia1, own position inherent in these effort of the national group. well-organized and well-fi anced agencie, among which The struggle between these two forces brings 11 face to were aid to be th . co h'Rite :NIa.sons, Southern J uris­ face with one of the most 11l0ment0l1 cnses in the history diction, and such pr eedly anti-Catholic organizations a of our country and .of our Church l t we have ever been the Ku Klux Klal, he lodge of Orangemen ari.d the Junior called upon to participate in. Upon iL outcome will depend Order 0 Am . an J\;Iechanics. While the e different to a great degree the orientation of education in the United n. in agreement as to fundamental principle', States, the perpetuity of our democratic institutions, and method, they 'aw, according to Dr. Ryan, the continued existence of the Church." in the move nt, "a splendid opportunity to injure their The underlying contention of the nationali t philo ophy, hated 1'1 he atholic Church, in one of her most vital Dr. Ryan explained, "is that state authority is upreme part.·-th field of ligious education." The common end over parental authority, and that education is a function of sough y all was the overthrow of priYate education ill government to be exercised to the exclusion of privat ..nited States, and with it the atholic y 'tem of agencie , organizations and individuals-even the parents Is. of the children who are being educated. lIe tated that e ,peaker referred to the recent legi lation enacted the exponents of this viewpoint maintall1 that "the child in the State of Oregon, calling for compul ory public schOOl belongs to the nation even before he belongs to him elf" attendance of all children through the eighth (Trade, and and that compulsory attendance at the state or public pointed out the danger of this precedent being imitated school was the ideal solution of the question. It wa J?omted . in other sections of the country unless there wa. begun out that the 'arne principles are being put forward to immediately a 'COlmter campaign in favor of democracy, of ju tify the Sterling-Towner Bill and other measures of religious toleration, and of educational freedom. a like character. "The national idea in education," said Dr. Ryan, "is un­ American to the core. Private education began in the REAL AMERICAN ATTIT"UDE EXPLAINED United State a full century before public education . "The traditional American attitu Ie, " aid Dr. Ryan, "takes . Prate tant founded religious chools in all the colonie­ cognizance of the right of the state to insist that its children before the Revolution. Catholic school were aI 0 e tab­ be educated; and that ample opportunity for education be lished in Penn ylvania, Maryland, Flor-ida, and the pani h provided through public source. Thjs attitude, however, oIonies. No adver e criticism was made of priYate edu­ has always acknowledged in the paren~ the right, and even cation during the long period in our early hi tory when the duty, to select the kind of education which he desires practically the only education obtainable wa that given his child to have. under private au pice. The father. of our country, the "Education is beyond question a matter of grave public presidents. tate men, thinker, nearly all, were educated concern," continued "Dr. Ryan, ('but the state has always in private institutions. Noone today question their Amer­ recognized the right of the parent NOT to make use of icanism nor the Americanism of the :in titution which the educational means which it presents, provided in so contributed so largely to making them what they were. doing he does not neglect the education of his child. In "Free public education, tax-supported, is a recent deve1- our democracy, as traditionally interpreted and historically opment of our American democracy. The Federal Consti­ lived, the right to establish private schools, as long as they tution says nothing about public schools. The tate constitu­ meet certain required standard , has never been questioned tions do not claim for any state the exclu ive right to edu- THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC VvELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 13 cate. An amendment like the Oregon statute would munity now live by regulating the habits and activities of 'urely have been vetoed by the Constitutional Convention. the vast majority. The sacred name of law i now given The early colonist had a wholesome fear of state inteder­ to tatutes drawn by the repre entatives of pecial intere ·t ence in education. They realized that educational autoc­ or movements and enacted under the- la 'h of fear or cow­ racy can be no less tyrannical than political autocracy. To­ ardice, or through indifference, without any con ideration gether with the divine right of king, the early settler of whatever of the principle of merican life and government America threw the 'divine right of the state to educate' or of the general public interest.' " on the scrap heap. It will be a ad clay for America, and Dr. Ryan urged hi. hearers to rally to the defense of a sadder one for democracy, when that o-called right haD Catholic education, concluding his address as follow : be resurrected and made to do duty as a principle of "We are all proud 0 four . ystem of chools. \Ve are American government." proud of their record and achievement. V'/e, the product The speaker quoted Dr. Butler, president of Columbia' of Catholic education, know it excellencies. \Ve know Univer ity, as having expressed him' elf opposed to the that it turns out upright, God-fearing citizen of the Re­ Oregon legi lation and in favor of the merican'theory, public. nut do out iders know this? The great majority do a follows: "In our American theory, the state steps in, not. :Many of them are actively suspicion ' of the Catholic not to monopolize education or to attempt to cast all school. 'ol1'le gv so far as to ay that we are 'ecretly children in a common mold, or forcibly deprive them of all plotting the destruction. of the public school. OtheL arc religious training and instruction, but merely to prevent indifferent. Even ome of our own people are unacquainted damage to itself. It offers a free opportunity to every with the hi tory, purposes and , pirit of the Catholic chool. child to receive elementary education, and usually much This information must be gotten to them, Catholic and more than that, in tax-supported schools. But it is in no non-Catholics. I can conceive of 110 better way to do this sense the business of the state, in our American political than through uch organizations a your,'. The ational philosophy, to attempt to monopolize education or to Council of Catholic \Vomen tands before the nation to­ prevent the freest choice by parents of the teachers and day as the expre ' ion of the be. t thought of our Catholic schools of their children." \\1 omen. You are, therefore, called upon to peak and to Dr. Ryan then proceeded to explain that ave act for Catholic ideal and Catholic principles. _\re you national right:, which no tate can abr gate and the organizations you repre ent prepared to do thi ? and that educational freedom i · an me i 1 -ight, Specifically, are you prepared on the que 60n of Catholic in line with the pirit of the Constituti n, a education? Do you know it hi ·tory? Do you know it' been enjoyed in the United State. He mainta attitude toward public education? Can yon give the reason:--, democracy is a "leavening" and not a 'levelin " and that for it insi tence upon religiou and moral training? Could . the I'. tandardizing" idea in education was OLl of aIr har­ you tell me why the Catholic chool i an American school; mony with our democratic faith and practice. Admitting why the Oregon statute i un-_ merican; why federalized that radicalism, un-Americanism and disregard of the right, education i ' un-American? If you do not know the an wers of minorities; illiteracy, inequality of educational opportu­ to these que tion " plan to spend the coming winter . tuc1ying nity, lack of adequate vocational and physical education, them. were all stumbling blocks in the onward progre s of Amer­ "The bigots have done their \ ork in Oregon. Sball they ican democracy, Dr. Ryan asked for the preservation of repeat it in California, in Texas, in Ohio, and in New meriC:lll demo ratic traditions at all cost. York? The ma 's of our people are fair minded. They are not anti- athoJic. They ackno\ ledge the value of a reli­ PRIVATE cnooL DEMOCRACyJS THO l GEST SUPPORT giou ' education. They believe in good citizenship. They "But do we promote democracy," he a ked, "by de­ know that Catholics are good citizens, but they do not know liberately destroying one of the tronge t upport -the that it i the Catholic school which make good citizens of private school? Democracy needs religion. It is not only Catholic. ,The e are the people that we must instruct. the ure ba is of good moral but of good citizen. hip a' \\' e muc;t tell them what the Catholic chool i ; what it , well. If democracy, of its very nature, mu t be anti­ ideaL are. vVe must how them above all thing. that it i religious, or non-religiou , then there is no place in America an Americp.n chool. If we do thi , we need have little for the private school, which i frankly religiou . or no fear f rom an enlightened American public OpIniOn. "It i time to call onr people back to their old allegiance ', It will recognize us to be what we c1aim to be. It will back to the honored and respected principles which have al­ honor us for our sincerity. It will commend u for the ways guided this nation. 'Bloc,' organizations, lobbyi ts, acrifices we make in the name of freedom, of education propagandists of all kinds must be made to feel the full ~1.l1d liberty of conscience. Eventually, it will thank us for force of the national scorn for their un-American efforts. maintaining the religiou . chool-one of the greatest con­ Dr. Butler thinks their activity one of the greatest menaces tribution to the welfare of America as a nation and to the to true democracy: 'No incon. iderable part of the COtn- preservation of democracy in the world." 14 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN European Conditions Described to Delegates Work of Catholic Women Abroad Praised by Welfare Council's Immigration Commissioner

N AN addres to the delegates of the Second Annual seems to have run amuck and there i:3 not now any really Convention of the National Council of Cathohc \Vomen, hopeful outlook in sight. It is as if God Himself had I at the first evening session, Mr. Joseph 1. Breen, Euro­ vented the fullness of His wrath upon a stricken people. pean Representative of the Bureau of Immigration of the "It seems to me that it is our Catholic poor who haye T. C. W. c., told of the work of his bureau and of the suffered most as a result of the war and the peace. No tremendous need for organized Catholic activity on a na­ matter where you turn in Europe today, there will you tional scale. Speaking of what he termed the "purpose and find the suffering more intensified among Catholics. And the platform of the Bureau of Immigration of the N. C. \V. c.," whirlwind of destruction has known no limit or apprecia­ Mr. Breen said,: "We tand for the things which make tion of social castes and distinction. The aristocrat and the for the best in citizenship. We stand for the preservation artist, the anointed priest and the consecrated nun, the of the faith among our Catholic foreign-born who come peasant in the field, the workman at the 100m, the suckling here among us. We stand for loyalty and devotion to babe at the breast of the mother, all, all have been made America, its government, its institutions, its ideals. Aside to feel the pain and the torture of hunger and poverty hom the fact that we owe to America a tremendous debt and disease. It is the most tragic story in all the history of gratitude, there is with us that ever-present obligation of human suffering, and, despite all that you hear or have which is the very fundamental ba is of our ith, the doc­ heard to the contrary, my own view of the situation is that trine which teaches and demand respect and c..bedience for general conditions, in tead of getting better, are daily grow­ all lawfully constituted authority because such authority ing worse. And I cannot resist the temptation to say that comes 'from God. To be a good Catholic OIJe must of it i my conviction that, if the present conditions are per­ ~ecessity be a good citizen, and if you will search back i m' ted to foment, the world will witness next year a condi­ your mind you will note that our experience has been thaC _. n in Germany not unlike that which now prevails in it is only when there has been conflict between these two Austria and some of the other countries to the east and principles that there has been cause for concern. sout. The whole situation appears to be a part of the "\Ve stand for faith, for loyalty to Go and yic- u circle from which present-day Europeans seem un­ V\T e stand for cleanliness in mind and heart an a e to loose themselves, and so it will go on until, in the stand for labor and the rights of labor. W s rovidence of God, the miracle of reconstruction and honest, nnstinted work and service to the task at h ehabilitation shall have been consummated."

tand for 11\1' I ;ghl!'. ~l1rl i hC'! rn P"'f't·\,~j in1l of thp 1-; "ORr 01" J.llULIC \\ Ul\J.EN'~ Ul\.v.:\.~ lL..\llV :' . the family. , the hristian ideal of society. We s ek to .pro 1\f1". Dreen paid fubo1ll~ II iIJut· t() the atlIulic \ 01llCIl':; mote all these things among our pe()ple as a pledge of Ot organization::, in .Europe and to their work, which he char­ Catholicity and our Americanism, and it is the partic~r acterized a Hthe most hopeful sign in all Europe." He told task of the Bureau of Immigration to stimulate among our of the great numbers of organized Catholic women in Ger­ foreign-born a lively appreciation of all these things." many, Austria, Hungary and Poland, and of their efforts Mr. Breen spent more than a year in Europe in a study to help out in the frightful situation under which they are of conditions there having to do with immigration to the forced to work. He referred to the deplorable conditions United States. In discussing the general conditions there, among the nuns, the clergy and the intclligentzia, the middle he said: class, who, he said, were not far removed from actual starvation. EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION IN THE BALANCE "The nuns," he said, "are in a particularly deplorable "Because of the war and that other thing which is com­ condition. I have no hesitancy in saying that there is not monly called the peace, all Europe stands face to face with a single community in Central Europe where the nuns are the horrible specter of despondency and despair. Dj~ trn t, not suffering from want. In some places that I know of in dissatisfaction and disaster are prevalent and widespread. Austria and in Germany, large numbers of the sisters are Governments are functioning but precariously: National bedfast and unable to walk. They are suffering from currency is worthless or nearly so. There is little of indus­ tuberculosis of the bone, which has left them helpless. trial enterprise and, of course, no employment. Inter­ They have no food, no medicine and no money and no national hatred grows apace, and the menace of militarism means of getting any, unless by the charity of the Catholics is as widespread as ever. The rich, of course, continue to of the United States. The priests, too, are not much bet­ thrive and prosper, but the poor are not far removed from ter off than the nuns. In Austria and Hungary, many of actual starvation. In some places that I know of, common the priests have been forced to work at washing clothes, humanity has sunk down to the very lowest possible depths at private tutoring, as musicians in public orchestras in of misery. The whole scheme of European civilization ( Continued on page 30) THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 15 Women's Service School Backed by N.C.C.W. Convention Delegates Pledge $25 ,000 Following Address by Dr. Kerby

RAISE of the Women's Council waukee Province, $1,000; Mrs. Theresa for their broad vision in estab­ 1folamphy for diocese of Pittsburgh, $1,000; Mrs. Arthur H. S. Bird, Catholic Women's P lishing the National Catholic League, Salt Lake City, $100; Miss Deri­ Service School for Women was ac­ vaux, Cbatard Club, St. Mary's of the Wood, corded by Rev. William J. Kerby, $100; Miss Helen McCarthy, K ew York. Ph.D., in an address dellverecl at $100; Miss Colby, New York. $100; Mrs. the Wednesday evening session of McGalvin, New York, $100; Mrs. John the N. C. C. W. Convention. Aroused Haubert, Washington, D. c., $100; :Mrs. john K. Courdts, Kingston, New York, $100; to a high pitch of enthusiasm by ' )'lrs. ylvester Flynn, St. Patrick's Parish Dr. Kerby's address, the delegates Council, Jersey City, $100; 1\1rs. Elizabeth voluntarily subscribed $25,060.00 for Donnellan, St. Michael's Parish Council, the support of the school, thus imitat­ Jersey City, $100; :Mrs. Frank P. Markey. Hoboken, N. Y., Our Lady of Grace Parish ing the splendid precedent set by the VERY ~EV. WM. J. KERBY, Ph.D. CClUncil, $100; Mrs. Mary Murphy, Cleve­ delegates to the Convention last year. land, Ohio, Catholic Daughters of America, At this same session, Dr. Anne M. Nicholson, Director $100; Mrs. E. J. 'Humphrevs, Jersey City, $50; Mrs. Robe( F. of the Service School, outlined the history of the school, Norton, Jersey City, $10 . Mrs. Charles P. l\eill, Chris Child the splendid work which, as an emergency institution, it ., $100; Mrs. J oh11 Ebrentz, $2 ; Miss O'h a., Court No. 659, C. D. A., 00; NIL. did during the war and reconstruction period and its suc­ Charleston, S. c., Council of omen, $75. cess under its present auspices. Dr. Nicholson)$ report n h~ actio of the delegates in raising this or the service was enthusiastically received by the delegates, most whom o f alowed an address by the Rev. Dr. w'lliam J. Kerby, oi bad already per onally visited and inspected th sc' 001 on afuolic University, who po'1ted out h the school is' not the first afternoon of the Convention. A year's s ho rship at isolated instance of social wo , butfl. part of a comprehensive for the benefit of one student from Porto Rico a a)s ) rid-wide movement of the re t st 'ignificance from the view- contributed at this time, the value of the scholarsl'p eino about $500. InCluded in the list of contributions w s a . subscription from the diocese of Cleveland -of $5,000 :'I Pf'1'c;ol1:'11 (lol1:'1i in11 fl ('111 :R;,,11Op Sel1rctl'lbs ot $1,000. ARD ORGA ZA nON Those who contributed to the fund al'e as follows: To\\ Personal coutributiollS: of the rend t.oward organizatIOn cwd the devel­ Bishop Schrembs, $1,000; Mrs. Michael Gavin, New York, a national viewpoint toward poverty, Dr. Kerby cited $5,000; Mrs. D. C. Stapleton, the formation of the Na­ Washington, $1,000; Mrs. Cor- tional Conference of Catholic nelius Tiers, New York, $1,000; Charities, the Sisters' Confer­ Mrs. Delancey Kane, New ence, and the several diocesan York, $500; Dr. Anne Nichol- ~urveys that have been con­ son, Washington, $100; Mrs. ducted during the past few Elizabeth Finigan, New York, years. Prai ing the women $100; Miss Agnes Regan. for the vision displayed in Washington, $250; Miss Mary their support of the Service C. Tinney, New York, $100; School, the need for 'which, he Dr. W m. K. Kerby, Washing­ said, has been shown by the tOI1, $100; Mrs. - Nelson fact that many Catholic social O'Shaughnessey, New York, workers have attended similar $100; Miss Bricken, Atlanta. scheols under other auspices, Ga., $10. he described the institution as: Contributions in name of "a source of new power for diocese and organizations were: the Church, for the Catholic Bishop Schrembs for Diocese women of America, and for of Cleveland, $5,000; Mrs. W. ~he country, and a star of hope J. O'Toole for Archdiocese of bringing the vision of better St. Paul, $2,500; Mrs. C. W. things into the lives of the Francis, New York, for New lonely mothers, fathers and York Committee, N. C. C. W., children of those who are $4,000; Mrs. W. T. Donovan NATIONAL CATHOLIC SERVICE SCHOOL FOR WOMEN ground down in the workings for St. Louis Province. $1,000; Located 2400 19th St., Washington, D. C. The delegates to the Second Annual of the competitive system of Convention .pledged $25,000 to support this school, which is one of the works Mrs. J as. H. Hackett for Mil- of the N. C. C. W. society." 16 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC \VELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN THE N. c. w. c. BULLETIN PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY· THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL Ente!ed as s~ond-c~ass matter Oct. 6. 1921, at the post office. at Washington, D. C., ut;tder t~e ~ct of ~ arch 3, ) 879. Accept.ed for mailing at speciaf rate of po!'tage provided for In SectlOn 1103, Act of Octoher 3. 1917, authorized October 27, 1921. SubSCript IOn Pnc-.e: One Dollar per year in advance; outside the United States $ .25 per year. CHARLES A. McMAHON. Editor Office of Publication 1312 Massachusetts Avenue. Washington. D. C. NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE MOST·REV. EDWARD J. HANNA, D.D. RT. REV. EDlIfUND F. GrBBONS, D D. Archbishop of SaD Francisco Bishop of Albany Chairman Chairman Department of Laws and Legislation MOST REV. AUSTIN DOWT,ING, D.D. Archbishop of St. Paul RT. REV. LoUIs S. WALSH, D.D. Chairman Department of Education Bishop of Portland OUR MOTTO Chairman Department of PubliCity, Press RT_REv.P.J.MuLDooN,D.D. and Literature Bishop of Rockford RT. REV. THOMAS E. MOLLOY, D.D. For God and Country Chairman Department of Social Action Bishop of Brooklyn RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS, D.D. Bishop of Clevt» ad REV. JORN J. BURKE. C.S.P. Chairman Department of La )rganizalions General Secretory

Vol. IV Decelllber, 1922 No.7

EDITORIAL COMMENT , ... ~

'Twentieth Century Paganism This is hideously wrong. It is pagan. ~hip, but the rights specifically gnarantced It i diabolical. to them by our American COl1stitntiol1. ·OR. GARFIELD, President of Wil­ These unskilled workers are men. They In analyzing the legislation enacted in liams Co11ege, wants unskilled men do neces ary work. They are entitled to Oregon at the recent election, Archbishop paid only enough for themselves to enough of the fruits of the earth to live Dowling, chairman of the K C. W. C. live on. They shouldn't get married, he normal lives. They are entitled to enough Department of Education, make:; the ful­ says. If they do, their wives ought to to marry and rear a family on. Funda­ lowing comment: work and -they should have no children. mentally they are as good as anybody "This law denies the right of the parent An unskilled man doesn't need children else. To deny it is to do them rank in- to provide adequate and uitable Il:struc­ and society doesn't need the children of justice. tion for his children in the schools of his unskilled fathers. * * * * choice. It sanctions by implication the There are over ten million unskilled jobs / Soviet claim to invade the home and Sub­ in the United States. Over five million A Time jor Action stitute communal for parental care. There of these are in the mining, transportation, HE RESULT of the cent vote in is no argument against communi:.m if this manufacturing, and mechanical indu trie:s. Oregon Oll the sch I ssue clearly law i constitutional. It denies the right Dr. Garfield says that if the unskilled are T show that there i a widesprear! of the individual to engage in the profession given only enough to live on they wil1 movement on f in i1e United Staks of teaching in any but a state school, thus train themselves for better job. But the (1) to infrin the inherent right suppre sing wholesome competition in a unskilled work has to be done. If all the of parents heir children, (2) field which without competition and criti­ unskilled or even a very large part of to prevent f th~ right of cism will become at lea t sterile and may them train themselves for skilled and semi­ conSCience e American become the seed plot of mischievous po­ skilled job, the skilled and the semi­ d ctrine d (4) to litical propaganda: Moreover, it is an in­ skilled will have to do unskilled work. infr· e fringement of the liberty of conscience that Some will have to remain at unskilled and gtf has been the boast of our country, secl1rcd work for life. of the as we believe by our Federal Constitution And so Dr. Garfield is really urging the states of th U 1 ion. Thi s movement may and by all our state constitutions, for whik employers of the United States to con­ be expected to ne promoted with all the many hold that religious instruction may demn to lifelong homelessness a large ingenuity and financial resource~ that the be adequately imparted in other than school part of the workingmen of the United forces of bigotry, ignorance and i:11OIer­ hours and school conditions, Catholic,; i!l States. They are never to get enough ance can bring to bear. this country maintain that without the money to marry on and support a wife and ' The Oregon result also proves that Cath­ school there will be no church. For this children. If they get married, let the wife olics and all other liberty-loving Americans reason they have made their sacrifices, and :go to work. If they marry, let them 'live must fight to retain not only thci. inherent are prepared to make more, in order to lives of sin. rights and fundamental liberties of citiLen- save their children from the dangers of THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 17

materiali m and of irreligion. They the N. C. W. C. Immigration Bureau may be right or they may be wrong ~ ~bri5tma5 ~tapet are: Assisting immigrants at ports in this contention; that is beside the of embarkation and entry, follow-UI) mark. They have acted within the <&lod bless the CHILDREN at Christmastime­ work by aiding immigrants to thei r law and in the spirit of our. nation's Dear boys and girls in every clime; destination in the United States, co­ Fill each small heart with Christmas joys; fundamental principles and historic Fill every stocking with Christmas toys. operation with local agencies, coordi­ precedents." Christ-Child of Mary, with them abide; nation of Catholic immigration ac­ Archbishop Dowling calls upon Bless the children at Christmastide. tivities, distribution of Americaniza­ Catholics "to take every legitimate tion and other literature, and aiding <&lod bless ' our FRIENDS at Christmastime; means to re ist this violation of our Make their hearts gay as a Christmas chime. immigrants generally. fundamental liberties," adding that the Friends who are far and friends wno are near, The organizati n of thi, bureau contest is onc "in which all Catholics Our own family folk, and those who are dear. marks a splendid t ) forward in fIle and all lovers of liberty, irre pective Gladden their journey up life's steep climb; line of constructive thought and ac­ Bless our loved ones at Christmastime. of crecd, are deeply interested. It is tion. The need is very great and thl.: a fight for freedom of conscience, <&l od bless the POO at C . tlasJifne­ probl m not easy of solution. If any which we ha,e not s 19ht, JllC need The lonely ~d aged, ong; past t~r prime­ worth-while succe is to be attained for which did t in of till Send them -l\hy haunt and pe e of mind; there must bc substantial support and Strengthen t faith; Lord ake us kind And good to thing their way. the fullest cooperation in its work ot the C. \V. C. immigration progranl. <&lod bless each HOME with Christmas grace. * * * * Bless all who make it a holy place thoroughly as aims, purposes Like to the home of the dear Christ-Child, Catholic Womanhood Leads and S~ili' - of CatholIc education and S:mple and sweet and undefiled. the Way learn" 1 the Catholic school system Send Thy protection and gifts divine; NCE again Catholic woman­ is doing or our children, for Amer­ Make each hearth stone a Christmas shrine. hood leads the way. There ica and for .\lmighty God. This is ~od bless the WORLD at Christmastime; is no denying her. She not -absolutely llcce sary if we expect to Bless it with peace. B!ot out men's crime.

HE Convention Banquet of the N. C. made an earnest apFeal for the youth of T , C. W., held in the large ball room 01 the land. She advocated as a remedy the New Willard, w.as the outstanding against the commercialized and dangerous social event of the Conference. The four recreations of our times compelling, whoie·· hundred delegates and visitors in attend­ some, counter attractions. ance thoroughly enjoyed the excellent ad­ "Our boys and girls have not created the dresses delivered b y the distinguished from organization and we ought to be in environment in which they now live," said speakers who honored the occasion. On a position to lend that strength where it the speaker, "and we ought to help them account of space limitations.. only a brief is needed, in the smaller communities and the sparsely settled parts of our country. to do battle against the subtler temptations review can be made here of the addresses which engulf them. ,:~ ,:~ * The futUre of the of the evening. "Weare compelled by the conditions that world, of the Church, rests on the youth Mrs. Michael Gavin, President of the exist to exert ourselves more strongly in of today. We have no other youth than N. C. C. W., introduced as toastmistress the civic and everyday life than ever be­ the present who will carry on, and no ex­ Mrs. Harry Benzinger, who in turn grace­ fore. Our country demands it, the world pense, no effort is too great to safeguard fully presented the following speakers: demands it and we must look up to the or preserve them. Our Holy Father, Pope obligations which are upon us. They are Pius XI said: 'Especially do I love the ADMIRAL WILLIAM S. BENSON, looking to us to save America and we can K.S.G. youth of America for I know it is to this only do this by appreciating our obliga­ youth that the world must look for the THE distinguished President of the Na­ tions, by a united effort and by such splen­ solutions of the problems which affect the tional Council of Catholic Men deplored did efforts as you ladies have made and nations.' " what he termed as the great danger to are making. Catholics in this country, due to the indif­ ''Y ou are giving us a splendid opportu~ MISS GRACE ABBOTT ference of our Catholic people. Catholics, nity. You come here from all parts of AS Director of the Children's Bureau he said, seem willing to occupy the sub­ the country and your contact here makes of the U. S. Department of Labor, Miss ordinate positions. Conditions have been known to each other what you are doing Abbott expressed her great interest in the such that we have not come out into the in such questions as education and the deliberations of the Women's Council Con­ open to assert ourselves and our influence. others which you have assemblEid here to vention and thanked the members of the "The demoralization coming into our discuss. Let me leave this one thought N. C. C. W. and the representatives of national life," continued the Admiral, "as with you: Arouse our people to an appre­ affiliated organizations for their coopera­ a' result of the World War has imposed ciation of the fact that we are living in tion with the Children's Bureau. Miss a solemn obligation upon us, a duty which a different atmosphere, the demands are Abbott's address dealt mainly with the I think we have failed to realize. We different. We cannot be contented or working of the Maternity and Infancy have failed to appreciate our individual satisfied simply with our sacramental Act which, she said, had been accepted by responsibility. We have, it is true, wit­ lives. We must go out and exert in every 42 states up to the present time-13 by nessed a wonderful development in what wayan influence for good, not only in a state legislative enactment and the re­ I may term our 'sacramental life or duty, religious way, but in our civic duties, as mainder by governors pending the meet­ but we have another duty, and that is to well." ing of their legislatures. combine and exert our united effort to MRS. ELIZABETH FINIGAN "The States made their own plans," stated correct conditions and to stem the tide Miss Abbott, "and are carying them out, of irreligion and demoralization. We THE speake'r, who is the Inspector of so the government which our forefathers need for this the strength which comes the New York State Health Department, founded still stands, I think more proudly WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 19 the White House Following Reception by· President Harding

than ever before because it has reco.gnized local communities, and other orgaJ)izations a natio.nal obligatio.n to. reduce the unnec­ f;r;=.=::A=::t=::C~JoE=~=::v=::e=::n~;i O{::!Cn=B=::a~~E=~~u=::e=::t ~J] over the entire country, which in my hum- . essarily high death rate among mo.thers ble opinio.n ~ are organized right. Yo.ur a::ld babies. Second, it is not compulsory [ organizations have one co.mmo.n bond, and -no State and no mo.ther or child is being ~E~~~j ~E~~~j ~E~~~J ~E~~~J that is a bond of spiritual life, a bo.nd of comrelled to accept the benefits which the religio.n~ a bond that is based on a faith Act makes available. Third, its aditlin­ the Atlantic to the Pacific and from which in God." istration is no.t in the hands 'of untrained we hope for great things." "W o.men's position today is not wha.t persons. In the Children's Bureau it is in "What is most impo.rtant is the spirit it was yesterday, and we hardly dare sur­ charge of a medical staff; in the States o.f your minds and yo.ur hearts: the spirit mise what it will be in the future. Her the health conferences are in charge o.f o.f your actions and your co.unsels. Let duties canno.t be circumscribed under physicians, and public health nurses are that be a Catho.lic spirit, an intensely pure changing co.nditio.ns of go.vernment, and and ho.ly spirit, a spirit of unity, of har­ making the home visits to. mo.thers. In she canno.t have taken from her much o.f every place that I kno.w of there has been mony, of charity. Turn your minds and her activities by the old rules; but I be­ yo.ur hear.ts to our Blessed Mother, to. a demo.nstration of the fact that the one lieve that she will always be the keeper Mary Immaculate~ who.m we salute every and only object o.f this measure is reduc­ of tho.se fundamentals that are wo.rth day in the Litany as the Seat o.f Wisdo.m, tion o.f loss qf life amo.ng mothers and while." because she has been fo.r centuries the babies by educational work with mothers, Referring to her position as an official counsello.r and guide of the noblest and and wherever this educatio.nal work has of the Department of Justice and o.ne who been started o.ppositio.n ha's disappeared." best amo.ng us, those who. devo.te all that is charged with the enforcement o.f the thev have and all that they are to the law, the assistant attorney general advo.­ RT. REV. THOMAS J. SHAHAN, D.D. welfare o.f religio.n. She ought to be the cated enforcement of laws by local com­ co.unsellor and guide of everyone of you munities rather than by the go.vernment at CONGRATULATING the assembly on individually and of all of you co.llectively." Washington, saying: . the splendid work of the Co.nventio.n, the "Respect for law must gro.w up from distinguished Rector o.f the Catholic Uni­ MRS. MABEL WALKER WILLE­ BRANI¥I' the community and the locality and not be versity of America directed the attention super-imposed from the larger govern­ o.f the delegates to. their respo.nsibilities Mrs. Mabel Walker Willebrandt, As­ ment that is in this vortex at Washingto.n. as Catholic women upo.n whom rests the sistant Atto.rney General of the United "An organization such as this, that is responsibility for the- family life o.f the States, in a very able address, expressed founded upon the princiIles that are right, nation. herself as in thorough sympathy with the can be of the greatest value to br.oadcast "Yo.u have put your hands to cooperat­ ideals for which the National Council of in this age of lawlessness respect for law ing with the entire Catholic Church fo.r Catholic Women stand, especially, respect and order, especially respect for law and the welfare of religio.n and the so.cial order for lawful authority, fo.r religion and fo.r order locally enforced." in our beloved country. What is go.ing o.n wo.manho.od as the keeper of tho.se funda­ here is only the initial step. You have mental things that are worth while. MISS MARY ANDERSON set yo.ur feet in a great, broad path on Speaking of women's spiritual life Mrs. which you still have far to travel and on Willebrandt said: "NO women's organization which would which your daughters and their daughters "I am particularly pro.ud and glad," take part in the advancement of social will have to travel. You are establishing said Mrs. Willebrandt. "to. be with an or­ co.nditions in this country can escape re­ this mighty work which has spread fro.m ganization made up' of delegates fro.m sponsibility toward the conditions under 20 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC W LFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN which women ·are employed in industry," DR. EDWARD I. PACE, D.D. "Someone has said here tonight, quoting said Miss Mary Anderson, director of tne a publisher, that there were great fields Women's Bureau of the U. S. Department THE great Catholic educator from the of Catholic talent that had never been of Labor. Catholic University pleaded for the estab­ harvested and, although our numbers here "There are more than eight and a half lishment of a normal relationship between are very great, we know very well that million wage earning women in the United the home and the school and told of his there are talented Catholic women. who, States today," said Miss Anderson. "and experiences with a mother, a teacher and perhaps, do not know of the opportunity they form such an important part of our the dean of a girls' college, where young for national and local religious and social national life t.hat their protection is a ladies are "educated for hfe, no mere ac- service that the National Council of Cath­ vital necessity. It is not an easy matter . complishments, but for life" in which he ulic Women, through its own headquarters, to find out just what is best for these showed the great need for a proper under­ and through its affiliated organizations, women. Each problem of their employ­ standing of the child mind as an aid to offers to them. Therefore, I ask you to be ment must be studied separately. That is early education. personally interested in this missionary what the Women's Bureau is doing, study­ "Y ou ought to make it your business work and that you make this a mission, ing conditions, collecting facts, finding out to find out," urged Dr. Pace, "whether those not only of numbers but also of quality. what women's wages are, recording the who are teaching our young women are "Our codntry is oftentimes beset with hours which women work, and their time able to find a way of establishing a nor­ criticism, but she has written a noble for rest, recreation, or self improvement. mal relationship between the home and the record and there is no crisis she has been We are trying to find out who looks out school, between the first teacher and those asked to face that she has .not respo!1ded for the children of mothers who must go who come later on. If that can be estab­ to fully and nobly. No country has out to work, and often we discover that lished, then the task of the teacher will given so generously; no people ever the working mother must leave her little be very much easier because in the earliest watched out for the interests of humanity children to their own devices during the ·years, when the mind is plastic, it will be so closely as have the American people. long hours of her day in the factory, or possible' to have intelligent conferences In no country in the world are the poor else she must work in the factory at night with teachers and that, of course, will be a so well cared for; in no country b. the and forego her chances for sleep in the great deal. There will be more peace in world is womanhood so respected as in daytime to look out for her children." the household when auestions about the this. There are things to criticise, there Miss Anderson assured. the 'delegates childre'n and their schooling and their are things to correct. Mistakes have been that resources of her Bureau were at their teachers can be amicably settled without made. There has been . selfishness and disposal and urged those present to call bringing in the one who was formerly there has been the rottenness of politics. upon her staff for any cooperation desired. supposed to be the Lord of Creation." But when we think of these things let us not lose sight of what has been done by MRS. CHARLES P. NEILL MRS. EDWARD B FINK our fathers and what is being done by our BEARING greetings from the Cardinal own living generation, because, in knowing REFERRING to the mothers of an ear­ it, we also are inspired to work and we li~r generation, Mrs. Neill paid tribute to Archbishop of Philadelphia, Mrs. Fink told of her birth in Illinois an her adop­ know that the best we can give is not given the sterling qualities of Christian charity in vain. Foreign critics may indulge in which imbued our grandmothers, who, she tion in the great city of Philadelphia. "Our Illinois women," said Mrs. Fink, their criticism and those without and within said, would have to search their diction­ may brand America selfish and full of aries for the term "social service." "did a wonderful work in helping to se­ cure the suffrage; and now that we have materialism. Yet the record speaks against "But they practiced it," she said, "with it all. The contributions of right living generous compassion because ' the divine it, every Catholic woman should not only register, but vote in opposition to that the womanhood and the people of sp.ark of charity had been kindled in theIr America give will count and America hearts. Our generation is confronted by a anything that might be un-American and therefore anti-Catholic. We should see will ever, as in the past, rise to the full­ hundred complexities but the exam!lle .of ness of her opportunity on every occasion. our grandmothers is a challenge to our that there are no anti-American resolu­ tions passed in any county of any state I think this a great message of inspira­ American womanhood. They faced dan­ tion to all of us, a great message of help. gers unafraid, they were undismayed by of the United States. Our Catholic women have been doing a marvelous work for As we go forth, let us give our best to difficulties. They served with selfless de­ the land that we love, to the land that is votion. Shall we do less than they?" God and for Country and they have been satisfied to do this work as Catholic glorious in its past, a'ld: under God, will women. Wherever there is a Catholic be more glorious in the future,-our Own MRS. NELSON O'SHAUGHNESSY woman standing for Catholic principles, land-America! " GIVING it as her thought that our there you will find one of the noblest women need direction into safe and sane women-no bigotry, no race, creed or color, channels, the brilliant authoress and wife but charity. She only knows God's human of the former Charge d'Affaires to Mex­ souls and to bring these souls to the high­ Convention Resolutions est standard of life, has alwa)"S been her ico cautioned the delegates against the (ContllZucd from page 7) dangers of the times. great ideal." "Fortunately," she said, "you have al­ REV. JOHN J. BURKE, C.S.P. , President and the Executive Secretary for ways the guiding hand of our Church, their untiring energy and devotion to the that Church which is always safe, always THE Reverend General Secretary of Council's work; to Mrs. W. J. O'Toole, sure. She watches with a very fine eye the National Catholic Welfare Councii, retiring members of the Board of Directors all the new movements as they come along, touching upon the work of the National from Minnesota; to the various speakers whether sociological.. ethical, moral, ther­ Council of Catholic ·Women through the who addressed the Convention sessions; apeutic-no matter what they are, she National Catholic Service School. told of to the Washington press for the excellent knows them all and she has seen almost the splendid effort which has been made publicity given to the reports of the Con­ all of them before, in some form or other. by the Catholic women as a contribution vention's rroceedings; to the Press and I think she is fully capable of dealing to both patriotic and Catholic service at Publicity Department of the National with the energies of women in this Twen­ home and abroad, the record of the Cath­ Catholic Welfare Council for the nation­ tieth Century. The other day, a well­ olic body of America. wide publicity given to the work of the known publisher said to me, 'I am sure "I think that school," said Father, Burke, Women's Council; to Mr. Charles A. Mc­ that there are great fields of Catholic "ought to be named after a woman who Mahon, Editor of the N. C. W. C. Bulletin, talent that have never been harvested.' was an American, a woman known for the for his kindness in devoting the December There is, and I feel that now women es­ sanctity of her life and upon whom, we issue of the Bulletin to the Convention pecially stand upon ripening fields and our trust, rests the crown of sainthood-after reports; to the office staff of the National harvest should be greater than any har­ a woman who devoted her life to welfare Catholic WeJfare Council for their prac­ vest has ever been before. I am not and service, a woman who was certainly one tical aid and assistance in the prepara­ I was not a woman suffragist and, in fact, of the greatest American women of the tion and conduct of the Convention ses­ since women have had the vote I have nineteenth century. I recommend for your sions; to the management of the Willard seen nothing to make me charge my ideas; thought and decision later on that you call Hotel for the excellent services of its staff but, as we have it, I think we should use your Service School after Mother Seton, and employees during the days of the it in the most enlightened way possible." -The Seton Social Service School. Convention. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 21

Future of Women's Council Outlined By Father Burke Says Power of Catholic Womanhood Must Defeat-Forces O'pposed to Church

NA PLEA for unity among the Catholic women of . Catholic world. And the English-speaking world is pre­ America, not only partial, but whole, Rev. John J dorninantly non-Catholic. Denial of the source of -tr'uth I Burke, es.p., General Secretary of the National Cath­ results in the denial, or at least the confusion, of all truth.' olic Welfare Council, pointed to the National Council of Whither are the nations drifting today? is a question asked Catholic 'V omen as the national force v.rhich must meet the by everyone. Why? Because civilization has been made national forces operating against the teachings of the Cath­ uncertain of its moorings. -olic Church. In speaking of what the future holds for the \\'omen" Council, Father Burke said, in part, as follows: TASK OF CHURCH "In a true sen e. the measure of the futnre is the pas,t "This gerated cry of alarm; no mere oratory and present. Yet because we do not know the full con- to arouse el IOn. From the doubt and denial of God tent of the present, the future is uncertain and mysterious. as Creat - nd Providence; from the que tioning of basic It may fulfill what we partially know. It may reve 1 a moi- lily ~ to the actual ' defen e and propagation of evil; ~ , result entirely unexpected. Monica changed her son by i in the aristocrat who claims that our salvation as a nation her miracle prayers-but all the philosophy of Aurelius could 1.' in the propagation of children only by the wealthy, not keep C~m1110dus true to the promise £ hi chi c1hoo . .J th <:)ifted and the well-placed, to the communist who "Yet, \',;ith organizations as with ind idl1al-, a e boa ts that all progress rests with the lawless proletaria- justified in reaching forward to grasp the .n·1. of l:')re 'ent all t are matters of widely ac~epted discussion. They effort. Two years ago, the National COUI ,'1 of Catholic spell 8.' situa,tion critical in the extreme. They bespeak a "Vomen was unformed. To n~any it eeme a1 i posssi- world restless, unhappy; a world sick unto death with the Lility. '\Tho would have had the courage' then 0 i)rophesy sense of its own injustices, its own wearines.s. And if two years of its' future, which now i · the past, of organiza- the world looks for hope to those who fatb'-ered its present tiol1; of achievement; of promise? ' The Catholic women .'tate, they will find that they, tbo~ are without hope. The of the United States are organized into a national body. children of the builders see the insecurity of a structure That body has its central offices, its national directors, it reared upon the denial of religious truth. This present affiliated organizations. It has already, even in its infancy, society in which we live was not born of the Catholic contributed a Catholic contribution to national life '; it has Church, And yet the Catholic Church does not refuse the animated the Catholic body with a ne\\T and larger hope; it task of rebuilding. Like her Founder, she goes forth to ha made more intimately and effectively our own the pro- reclaim that which has been lost; to give life and give it motion and the defense of Catholic interests and of Cath- more abundantly. . Healer and salvation of the nations, olic welfare. Surely it is 110 mean accomplishment in this in her serene dignity she cherishes no bitterness for the past; yast country within the space of two years. ' You are the no despair of human kind nor of nations. ' Vigorous with glla!"antee of the present, the well-folU1ded' promise of the the same truth as of old, because it is the truth of God, future. Two years after the first call, you are assembled she is able to translate the cry of doubt into a thanksgiving here, three hundred in number, and representatiYe of every of hope. Her messengers are her children. They, like her.. section of the country." possessing the unchanging, divine truth, 'must meet the needs "The pre ent social order," continued Father Burke, "is of their day and show that her truth satis,fies and fulfils despaired of by many leading thinkers of the day. The every human welfare need; every aspiration of the human Catholic Church is not responsible for the present social heart. They will1abor as the apostle said of old, according order. It was born of the denial of the Catholic Church. to their gifts and their powers. But they will labor ..' they The present holds the future. The Twentieth Century is will labor not as those who beat the air, ~ut at the prob­ future to the Sixteenth. What the latter sowed, the former lem, always concrete, of redeeu1ing in, so far as they can, is reaping. their world to Christ. And this is the opportunity, the "Do not let yourselves be deceived by thinking kindly-and responsibility, the future of the National Council of Cath­ J will think as kindly as you-that there are non-Catholics olic Women." who are eagerly pushing forward humane work; who are Father Burke stated that the Catholic women have a loyal charnpions of family life; who will join with us or with special power and a special opportunity in the redemption whom we may join in work of civic betterment. That is and up-building of modern society. He referred to the quite beside the point. Forces beyond the control of such granting of the franchise to women at the very time when individual,S are sha}?ing and have shaped for a long time the cornerstones of the social structure were being threat­ onr social order. It is very evident that the teachings of ened as a providential act. Far-reaching movements, he the Catholic Church are not the teachings of the 110n- said, were actively engaged in destroying the foundations 22 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

of the home and in spreading propaganda threatening its never let us rest. _The Son of God, our Life, did not rest sanctity. It was pointed out that these forces are united until on the Cro s He could say, 'I have done every­ and organized on a national scale and that their leaders do thing; it is consummated.' That life will not permit us not hesitate to give personal service and financial aid to to take things for granted. Yet I fear with many of U5- national officers and national employees. These forces, with all of us at times-we do not live Chri·t, we take Father Burke contended, could not be successfully opposed Him for granted. He has come to us at birth. \Ve doubt except through a force that is strong not only locally in not His presence. V\Te accept Him. We do not seek to the community and in the state, but strong nationally as well. make our life His living life. The Church-we have be­ Continuing, Father Burke said: lieved in it from our youth up. Its unity we have never "As we stand for the teaching of the Catholic Church, questioned. Do we seek to live and how forth that unity?" as we claim that they are the true foundation of a nation's hope, we must be prepared to defend the po ition that we SHOULD INVOKE GUIDANCE OF BLESSED ~10TIIER take. If we affirm-a affirm we do-that the family is the Father Burke begged the delegates not to accept the basis of right social order, we must study why it is so and unity of the \Vomen's Council a already establi"hed and prove to those who doubt and question why it is so. If urged the members not to let personal indifference, personal we maintain unquestioningly-and maintain we do-that ambition or personal opinion block and destroy the very birth control is directly again t the law of God; that it is work that they have congratulated themselves on haying opposed to nature; that it is fundamentally immoral; that it accomplished. He told the delegates that, like :Mary of spells the ruin of national life, we must here give thought old, they had the privilege of bringing Christ into the to these things. We must, through our personal eifort, worl of shoWing Him forth, of living Him, and, through have made known by book and by pamphlet the Catholic bei 1 y united effort, making Him the life of our posItIOn. If we a sert that religious education is a rig 1..1 ry and our people. Recalling to their mind ' the fact of conscience; that our children must be educated in oUt f ary had been named by the Church as the patroness religious schooL, we must _be able to defenu. that pos' . on, our land, Father Burke asked the delegates of the to show that the contrary is opposed to CathoEc rights c d Gmen's COllncil to look to her for counsel and guidance, to our national constitution. We cannot say that we . 19 them that all Catholic individuals and organiza­ the truth. of our Caholic faith and then remai~ 1umb. o had labored under her direction had written a yet, how often do we deceive ourselves. The :~t.: h 1 lear record of Catholic achievement. "Our earliest to us. We never for a moment doubt the divin c 'm nd pioneer '," said Father Burke, "named settlement and river authority of the Catholic Church-and then, in so in her name. The first women who came to labor here explicable way, think that our beliefs ought to be came and labored in her name. She has been named by by the millions of others who do not accept the the Church as the Patrone s of our land. Through the who do not know the light by which and because of which decades she has guarded the Catholic father and mother, we believe. As well try to check the flood of a national who after her name preserved for us the gift of faith, the movement by one small local barricade as to assert claim:; gift of the Incarnate God. Under her inspiration have and then shirk the responsibility of defending them." labored the thousands of consecrated women who gave their all for the service of humanity, when the world welfare PERSON AL EFFORT REQUIRED was unknown." Father Burke emphasized the fact that the future well­ In conclusion, Father Burke said: being of the National Council of Catholic \Vomen depends "My dear friends, we are doing nothing new. The In­ on the realization of the necessity of personal effort, cor­ carnation was their inspiration. On what they have estab­ porate work and sacrifice. The succes of the organization, lished so firmly, we are building. The National Council of he stated, will depend not on external achievement, or large Catholic Women is the expression of the faith and love of numbers, or financial resources, but on "the realization Jesus Christ in the hearts of the women of America, to meet and the participation of each one of its members in the the needs of the day; to stand for the truth of Chri t as our life, through herself, of Jesus Christ." forefathers stood. The future in the light of human knowl­ "We say we are in this welfare work," said Father edge is shrouded in darkness. The future in the light of Burke, "to give Christ to the world. You will give as the living Cross is resplendent with triumph and with glory. much of Christ to the world as you have taken into your­ ..:'\. shadow, a darkness lies now, from here to there, but self. And as you grow to the stature of Christ, then and it is the shadow of the Cross. It means struggles and sacri­ not till then, will come the vision of your full duty in fice and doubt-but who shall fail treasuring the secret Catholic work; then will you read aright the meaning of in her heart? The N ationa! Council of Catholic \Vomen, and your share in a national council. That each one of us under Chri t, shall not fail. But in the power of its Cath­ must personally grow in and with Christ; that we must olic womanhood, it will grow and prosper, for the children live Christ; that we must be other Christs to the world­ of Christ and the daughters of Mary mn t, of their faith, the burden of that love, the majesty of that intimacy, will give unto the world inspiration and benediction and peace." THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 23 Rural Problems of American Women Government Expert and:Charities Director Present Interesting Viewpoints

ROBLEMS in rural can't rear a healthy child in the crowded tenements of great districts were out­ citie-. J f you want to have sound, healthy, strong and P lined to N. C. C. W. vigorous boys and girls, get out on the farms." Convention delegates in a very interesting discussion FATHER MAHOWALD)S ADDRESS held in conjunction with The Rev. Edward lVlahowald, Diocesan Director of Chari­ the special session on Im­ ties and Social \Vork, St. Cloud, finnesota, followed wi1:h migration. an address to the Convention on "The Parish Church-A Mr. Chade Galpin, Di­ ocial Agency." Father Mahowald told of the efforts which rector, Social Activitie, are being made in the West on the part of the rural priests Department of Agriculture, to create a contented and satisfied state of mind among their was the first speaker and people. He described this as an effort to develop per anal told the delegates of the haracte and a spirit 6f neighborliness and of cooperation. efforts of our Gov hasized the importance of the pa tor and his flock HO~. CHARLES GALPIN ng the needs of their time . Director Social Activities, U. S. Department 01 Agriculture "Your city population," he continued, "would b"come their familje. Discus ing the questio extinct . were it not for the recruits from the country. Ruralism from the \N omen's Point of Vi Ther fore, the Church which cares for the rural popUlation told the delegates of the findings of a speci is sured of a promising future both in the country and in the matter among large numbers of west e city. I think, too, that the Church which devotes her ing on farm . energies and thought to the rural people guarantee for "They all agreed," said the peaker, "that the gre herself the leadership of the future, both lay and religious, comfort they got came from the assurance that they' auld because most of our vocations for the religiou. life come not starve a long as they remained on the far . from families living in the country parishes. Life in the general thing," he continued, "we found th country trains to initiative and to individualism. The farmer on the farm are happy and contented. They ave to work, is isolated in his play, in his work and in. his habitation. and, at times, work hard, but this is not a serious handicap He must depend very largely on his own resources. The to healthy, energetic women. The great drawback, we find, dweller in the city, on the other hand, finds his neighbor is the inability of the women on the farms to share in some at every turn. He must cooperate and consider his neighbor. of the comforts which her sister in the city looks upon as "It has alway- seemed to me," said Father Mahowald. ordinary things. Take the matter of trade: The women on "that the first factor to receive attention in any study of the farm have not the facilities for shopping that the city our rural problem is the priest. If he does not take a women have. She must go one mile in this direction for keen interest in his parish and in his parishioners they one thing, two miles in another direction for a second article will make but little progress. This condition exists when and half a dozen miles in a third direction for something priest are placed in charge of a parish and their attitude which she needs in a hurry. Her city friend goes around is one of biding their time until they are given a city the corner for all three purchases, which she makes with charge. In the dioce. e from which I come there are no little loss of time, and, frequently, at greatly reduced rates. city parishes, but we have our problem, nevertheless. They "The women on the farms have several justifiable com­ are problems which are important and pressing and we seek plaints which must be heard and reckoned with. It will not to solve them, keeping in mind all the while that the Church do much longer to penalize her because she does live on a has always stood for the advancement of the material farm. She, too, must have hospitals, libraries, and the welfare of its children as well as their spiritual improve­ other little things which are 'a part of everyday life." ment. And that, to my mind, is the happy combination. Speaking of the advant.ages of farm life for women, Mr. It will not do to neglect the one to' the advancement of Galpin pointed out to the delegates the opportunities enjoyed the other. Both must go hand in hand. by rural women which their sisters in the cities had not. "The Parish Church can be made a great social agency "There is no place in the world," he said, "so helpful in and force for good along mere material lines if we but. rearing children as the farm. Children need the wide, adopt it in the proper fashion. There. ought to be nothing open spaces. They need lots of room to roam around'. forbidding about our Church and there is nothing. It stands They need good, solid food. such as is easily secured in the as an aid to all sound advancement ~\.l1d can be made to rural districts, and they need sunshine and warmth. You serve our social needs if we but use it." 24 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETJ).J

Status of Women in Industry Explained Minimum Wage Legislation and Better Housing Urged for Women Workers

NE OF THE mo t interesting and instructive es­ Oregon wa largely the work of Father Edwin V. O'Hara~ sions of the vVomen's Convention dealt with the \\ ho was made Chairman of the Industrial \\'elfare Com­ O. subject of "Women in Industry." At thi se ~ ion, mi sion, and a young Catholic woman, Secretary of the addresses were made by Miss Linna E: Bresette, of the N. C. Comm1s. ion, now ister Miriam Theresa, who made the VV. C. Social Action Department, and Sister Miriam first study in Oregon covering hours, wages and working Theres'a, formerly ecretary of the Industrial Commis ion conditions of women and was later loaned to the State of of Kansa. The general discus ion which followed was VI/a hington to make a similar tudy there." participated in by 1\1is ' Bertha M. Bruening, St. Louis, "In 1908, the Supreme Court upheld the con titutionality ~10.; 1\lrs. D. E. Virtue, Minneapolis, Minn.; Mi Kath­ of the Oregon Law. In this decision you find the tatement erine Nolen, New York City; 1iss Sara Laughlin, Phila­ in referring to woman: 'Her physical !::>iructure and prin­ delphia, Pa.; Mr . \V. F. Barry, Woonsocket, R. 1.; and, cipal discharge of her maternal functions ju ·tify legi lation Mi s Frances A. Sprague, 'an Francisco, Cal. Rev. E. F. to protect her.' " Garesche, S.J., also addres ed this se sion. Organization of worker, voluntary action on the part Intere ting stati tics in relation to the status of women in of employer and legislation were recommended as three indu~try were given by Miss Bresette, who tated that more things nec ary to bring about proper standard. Re trict­ t han eight and one-half mi11i6n women were employed in ing hour of labor, prohibiting night work for women, 300 different indu .. trie and trades in the United States. providing re t periods, providing afeguards for machinery, According to the fignres, which he quoted from the U. S. and pass 19 minimum wage legi. lation were uro-ed a ~ nec- Department of Labor Report, there were only 30 trades es ry t in obtaining an improved tatus. Ii ted in which women are not employed. In referring to a Kan as report, \vhich showed that 61 per cent of the wage­ earnino women in that state were ingle, Mi: B e tltte stated: Iiriam There a, in di 'cn sing minimnm-,,'age Ieg­ "These workers are so not becau 'e they never r 'women, gave some startling figure - of the wage" portunities to marry; not because home and children .have 0 omen ill the nited State. appeal for them; but because dependent familie -parent. 920 census," she aid, "show that there are brothers or i ters-require their upport, and they are women and girl over ten year of age of whom making the sacrifice for them." ,000 are wage earners. More than half of these The speaker quoted the re ult of a urvey made in Passaic, eiying les. than $14.40 a. week. What thi means

New Jersey, which showed that 10 JOOO women, half of the may be timated when I tell you that the budgets prepareu adult women population of that city, are bread winners. ince the war show that a self-supporting ,,'oman cannot One-half of these are, it was stated, either married or liv­ live on Ie s than $15.00 or $16.00 a week. The fact of ing apart from their husbands, and 3,000 are mothers. the matter i that a majority of these women are not only Approximately 50 per cent of women wage earners, accord­ supporting, or trying to llpport, themselve , but are actually ing to Mis Bre ette, were working for a bare existence engaged in supporting parents or children." Sister Theresa wage, and in many ca es have less than a living wage. gave some additional fact regarding the cau~es and effect "Did you ever think much," a ked Mis Bresette, "about of low wages, the evils of our indu trial ::.y -tem which Minimum Wage Regulation? It is one point of Catholic are responsible for the pre ent low wages and put forth, ill leadership which has practically been accepted by the Prot­ a convincing way, the benefits of sound wage legislation. estant world. In 1891, Pope Leo XIII :et forth in no uncer­ The Rev. Edward F. Garesche, S.}., formerly editor of tain terms the Doctrine of a living wage, as did the Bishops' The Q!tee /I' S Work, delivered a very practical addres in Recon truction Program issued by the National Catholic which he set forth a national program for Catholic Girl ' War Council during the war and reconstruction period. Homes. Father Gare che pointed out the great need for "The first Minimum \Vage Legislation wa passed in uch home and the pos. ibilities afforded by them for Victoria in 1896, five years after Pope Leo' Encyclical consiructiYe aid and help to our Catholic working girl . was issued. It later preacl to all u tralian tate -New He advocated the widespread distribution of the ~. C. C. VV, Zealand, England, al'ld in 1912 the first 1\1inimum \Vage pamphlet~ "Girl's \Velfare," which was pubE hed during Legislation wa passed in the United States. Eight other the war and which is now listed among the \\'elfare Coun­ states. followed in 1913, the most conspicuous being that cil's literature. Father Gare che's addre s, because of its of Oregon which served as a model for sub equent legi la­ timeliness, .will be con idered more fully in a later i ue of tion. It may interest you to know that the work done in the BULLETIN. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 25

Women's Council Delegates Learn of America's Immigration Problem' c. w. c. Program of Imlnigrant Aid Arouses Catholic Women

HE afternoon session each year back to Europe huge sums which mount up well of the N. C. C. W. into the million of dollars. T Convention on Friday, November 25, wa given RESU LTS OF RESTRICTED I?lll\IlGRATION over to a di cllssion of im­ Referring to the p :- e ent "Three Per Cent Restrictive migration. The Federal Pro­ Law," .Mr. Risley told of the conditions, both here and gram was put forward by ahroad, which prompted it enactment anel gave the re 'ult Theodore G. Risley, the 0- in figures of the oi)eration of the law during the first year licitor of the Department of of it , life. He directed the attention of the delegate, to Labor, the N ational Cath o li ~ the fact that the total gain in population la ·t 'ear ,,-a.­ \Yelfare C uncil's program about 110,0 , of which number Ie:. than 7,000 were male', was outlined by Thomas F. a majori.l of "hom were boys under 16 years of .age. :\I111holland. Port Director at ./, \lmo ~OO,096 of our immigrant ailed a \vay, chieB y be- ITew York, and the work of of tl depres eel industrial conditions here. In di '­ the . C. W. C. at Elli 1- GIT:~sr~-nIe attitude of , everal national groups interested ill land most intere tlng e~w governing immigration, Mr. Risley told his audience Solicitor, U . . Department of Labor scribed by l\tliss Sar that it i not unlikely that an organized effort will be made Speaker at N. C. C. W . ConvcntiOl1 Weadick, the repre en t' e to liberalize the re triction e qu ta Ie He predicted !if the \Velfare Council at that internationally kn migration station. The system of follow-up wod 1m}- grant aid was outlined by l\1r:. . 1\. ay, who e ' ent time have engaged in thi work in Detroit, an i Catherine present quota law Gavin, who is in cbarge of the ta 'k in 0 k City. The tits ')ocial and moral effort of the N. C. 'vV. C. Bureau o~ 1 i ration to cope with thi all-important problem met- ~ith he mmendation and approval of all the delegate ', many ot' whom displayed a keen interest in th~ work and a willingnes to share in it. mortal and contagion mala die ' by De cribing the immigration of the la.::;t thirty-five years ld famine of .war, and it is the duty as "almost wholly of an economic character," :~olicitor to protect our people ag:tin t the evil Ri 'ley gave some intere tino- facts regarding the increase fastened upon our country by the ad- of population in the United tates as a re ult of unrestricted mission of thousands of wretched, disordered and heIple ', immigration. It was pointed out that, ince 1820, the bii-th wrecks of war." rate in thi country has decrea3ed in approximately the same ~ouching upon the que tion of the a, ' imilation of the ratio that i111mio-ration has increased. It was stated that, foreign-born, 1\1r. Ri 'ley tated that the old immigrant were especially in the great indlLtrial centers of the country, a ' quick to become naturalized, to e ·tab!i. h home, and were many children are born of foreign mothers as of native­ important factor in the agricultural development of the born mothers. At the present time more than 80 per cent country. The racial identity of their de cendant soon dis­ of our immigrants 'Come from southern and ea tern Europe appeared. The new immigrants are low to be naturalized and we tern A ia as contrasted with the former type of and, because of their ethnic characteri tics', do not re~dilv immigrant, who came from the northern countries of Europe as imilate. There are, he .'aid, nearly fonr million foreigl;­ and from Ger1l1J.ny and Au tria. The tatistics regarding born people in the nited State who neither read nor ::peak the literacy of the immigrant, as put forth by Mr. Ri ley, Engli h. There are more than three million foreign-born ' are of triking import. \\"ith the old immigrant but 2.8 who are not naturalized. \Ve have 1,057 foreign-language per cent were illiterate. \Vith the new, until the literacy newspapers in this country which are read dai(v by more test ,,,as adopted, 35 per cent were illiterate. The old im­ than ten million people, and our foreign-born residents migrants brought on an average $40 per capita and sent carryon their bu iness in more than a hundred differeilt but little back to their home With the present type of languages and dialects. Referring to the Americanization immigrant there com about $15 per capita and there go movement which set in at the time of the war, Mr. Ri ley 26 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN said that because of this the harde t and most dis­ special activity many of agreeable tasks under condi­ the unfavorable conditions tions which American la­ which were prevalent among borers will not endure. The our foreign-born were being new immigration ha brought improved, and he compli­ about America's great indus­ mented the foreign-language trial expansion because of press in this country for the these very conditions. Dur­ helpful work being dome by ing the la t thirty years the them in promoting among capital of these industries their readers the neces ity has increased seven-fold in and importance of the study the value of their product. of English and the adoption It is, however, largely due to of American customs and the value of inventions and habits. As an ipdication of MISS SARAH I. WEADICK THOS. F. MULHOLLAND our great labor-saying ma- Ellis Island Representati\ e N. c. Port Director, N. C. W. C. Bureau 1 the improvement in the con- w. C. Bureau of Immigration of Immigration, New York City chines that such great resu ts duct of these foreign-lan- have become po sible and guage papers it was said that they now -carry more than \vhich enahle us to utilize to the fullest advantage the five times as much purely American news a they did be­ labors of unskilled mechanics." fore the war. In his conclusion, Mr. Risley paid a fine tribute to The Labor Solicitor gave it as his opinion that the first the immigrants who have come among us and to the debt step looking to the proper assimilation of the foreign-born wf'h America owes to the civilization of Europe and is to persuade them to learn Ollr language. "They mu -t the ~~uropeans. "It is an inestimable legacy," he said, "that then," he aid, "conform to the thought and habits of America has inherited from the m ral and material con­ American bfe, identify their sentiments and intere t with quests of these old countries, and e should illustrate our our American institutions and develop an attitude of friend­ appreciation of these gifts in OL treatment of their sons lmess and loyalty to our government. They mu t realize and daughters who come, grant", to elwell among us." that in order to accompli 'h the e result.. race prejudice must be overcome, ethnic distinction outgrown and' ancient \VELFARE COUNCIJ./S I MIGRATIO \VORK EXPL.\I TED hatreds among all classe , native as well as fo;-eign, must 1\1r. Mulholland, 1 discu sing the \Velfare Council's be forgotten." special work for the immigrants, told of the organization of Pointing to the result of our former policy of immigra­ the bur u and 'ts general plan. of operation and conduct. tion, Mr. Risley said: t the pr 'ent ti said Mr. Mulholland, in addition to "The most decisive results have been in the industrial the Director offi at Washington, the \Velfare Council field. In two generations it has transformed our country maintains port offi'ces at Philadelphia and New York and from an agricultural to the greatest industrial nation in the a special branch office at Seattle, the work on tile Pacific world. In a period of ten years, six million immigrants Coast being chiefly with Catholic boy and girl who come found employment in our industries. The reports of our here from the Philippine Islands a student. The Immigration Commission show that in such industries as European phase of the immigration work is supervised by the manufacture of iron and steel, the immigrant and his a special European commissioner. In the cour c of his ad:.. children contribute seven-tenths of the labor; in the laugh­ dres , Mr. Mulholland spoke of the effort which i being ter and meat-packing industry they give three-fourths 0 f made by a number of Protestant agencies in New Y o;-k and the labor. They do 70 per cent of the work in the bitu­ el~ewhere who ~eek. under the guise of ,velfare aid and minous coal fields, three-fifths in the glass factories, even­ activity, to undermine the faith of the atholic immigrants eighths of the labor in the woolen and worsted manufac­ and tressed the importance and need of constant watch­ tories and produce four-fifths of our silk, nine-tenth of our fulness and care on the part of Catholic workers to protect cotton goods, and nineteen-twentieths of the men's and the immigrants against these enemies pf their faith. women's clothing. These facts show that the controlling "I have no doubt," said IVfr. Mulholland, "that the e motive of the immigrant now is to better his economic several agencies do good work. Their classes in English. condition. More than four-fifths of the immigrants who in civics, in American history, are all good in their place. now enter our industries are unskilled laborers, who take But these well-meaning folk ought to stop with the e. They up the dangerous, irksome and dirty employment of our should not, and we ought not to permit them to preach the trade system and toil in such odorous, irksome and unsani­ doctrine that to be a success in the United State one must tary conditions as the more advanced laboring classes of be a Protestant. V.,r e heard nothing about this during the the country will no longer perform. Yet, in this respect, war. There was no test of bigotry for service in our army they become the very backbone of industry, performing 0:- navy when danger threatened the nation and there should. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 27

be none now. And yet, from some of the things I hear . out into the vortex of American life. She told, too, of almost every day, it would seem that the only way to the detained immigrants and recited a number of her ex­ become a good American is to renounce Catholicity in favor periences with the sick, the subnormal, the children and the of anyone of half a hundred brands of Protestantism." stowaways. "There are usually," she said, "from ·50 to 150 of these WORK UNDER DIRECTION OF ARCHBISHOP HAYES adve~tursom(! gentfemen at Ellis Island. They not only 11i pointing to the large number of Catholics among the lack passports, but are usually in great need of other immigrants, Mr. Mulholland emphasized the need for Cath- things" 'especially clothes. We are occasionally hard pressed oEc agencies at the ports of entry and told of the establish- for men's shoes and ttousers and more than once have been ment at Ellis Island of the Sunday Mass for detained forced to resort to extraordinary means to meet the situa­ immigrants. , tion. One day last winter, and a very cold day it was, too. "We get;" he said, "as many as 850 immigrants on I had to,send a young stowaway out to sea with nothing but Sunday, among them Catholics from all parts of the world. the long-tailed coat of a once serviceable dress-suit." Many of these are unable to speak a word of Ollf language, Miss Weadick tendered the services of the Ellis Island but they sense the feeling of kinship and 'Comfort in the staff to the delegates and their fellow-member~. "Our mass. Th~ Arch bishop ' of New York has detailed a special purpose -is to help in .every legitimate way," she said. "Call Chaplain for the Sunday Mass and, thanks to the splendid upon 1S when you feel we can help. In many ways we cooperation of the COl!lmissioner of Immigration at Ellis c save the immigrant and his relatives or friends consid- Island, we·are now in a position to welcome our ·mmi ...... ____ erable trial and difficulty if we are advised beforehand of Catholics in a manner which they readily under· his coming. It is not necessary except in special cases have, too, a very excellent plan of 'Conduct in c operation for relatives to journey any great distan'Ce to Ellis Island with the diocesan authorities in ew ork, all of which in search of incoming immigrants. We can and gladly will aids in the better care of the itnmi Tants. do everything possible and I pledge you our aid ,to this end." Mr. Mulholland's address made a J)rofonud impression upon the delegates who were quick to J"espond to his clear­ FOLLOW-UP WORK EXPLAINED ness of thought and expression. His emphasis of the im­ portance of national aid and cooperation on the part of the Miss Catherine Gavin told of the inauguration of the organized Catbo~ic women's society met with a hearty immigrant follo'w-up work in the City of N ew York under response. the direction of the Council's Bureau of Immigration. "We "Y ou must bel p," he said. "The problem is a national have in New York a tremendous ta_k," she said. Last one and we must secure nation-wide aid and assistance." week we got 878 new arrivals, many of whom knew not Miss Weadick. one of the N. C. W. c.'s Ellis Islanrl a word of our language. Large numbers were women and representatives, in telling of the work of the Welfare girls. ,rv e are not organized sufficiently, as yet, to care for Council's staff there, recited a number of her experiences any such numbers, but we plan to do so. 'To this end we with the immigrants which were strikingly illustrative of the seek the aid of volunteer workers who wiH lend their practical work ,vhich is being done at this "gateway to the as istance in this most worthy task. . There is much, very new world." "One phase of our work," said lYIiss Weadick, much, to be done," said Miss Gavin. "The sooner we get "is to act as a sort of safety-valve for the detained imm1- to the task, the better. We are far b-ehind our separated grants and their relatives. Both, usually, are keyed up to brethren in this regard and this ought not to be. Great a pitch where they must talk. The officials, naturally, numbers of the immigrants are Catholics. These poor peo­ have litt1e time to devote to a discussion of each individual ple have a special appeal to .o11r sympathy and we ought case. It is our work to listen to all that we are told, to not to fail them. explain, to console, to soothe. And that this is a really The follow-up work for the immigrants in the great necessary service is proved many times daily when an alien industrial city of Detroit ,vas very graphicaiIy described ,by will gratefully exclaim: (If you knew just how good it Mrs. E. A. Skay, who is charged with the volunteer work feels to be able to talk to someone about this, to have things in that city which is carried on by the Catholic Women's explained, YOll wouldn't mind my question.''' League. :Mrs. 'Skay's address will be pub!i hed as a special article in a later issue of the BULLETIN. ROUTINE AT ELLIS ISLAND M'L Bruce M. lVIohler, the Director of the N. C. W. C. Miss vVeadick told, in a very interesting way, 0 f the Immigration Bureau, closed the afternoon's discussion with general methods in force at Ellis Island for the admission a brief statement of the plan of the Bu'reau for enlisting of the foreign-born who come here as immigrants. She the aid and cooperation of local and diocesan bureaus aHd described graphically the examination by the medical doc­ societies in the general follow-up work. He appealed to the tors, the mental tests, the passport and verifying papers and delegates to lend their adive aid in this most important the final examination which sends the immigrant a free man phase of the immigration task. 28 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

N. C. C. W. Convention Told of Work of Catholic Women's Organizations in Europe, South America and South Africa

)JT~RESTING addresses dealing \\'ith the activities of in Paris and was one of the work of the War Council Catholic women's organizations in Europe, South perpetuated by a committee of Americans, re ident in Paris, I America and South Africa were features of the first and a body of French men and women who give their time evening se sion of the Women's Council Convention. and talents toward maintaining a Catholic American Center Greetings from the French-American Welfare Center in in France and continuing, in peace, the amicable relation Paris were extended to the Convention delegates by ::VIrs. between the two nations which the National Catholic vVar Cornelius Tiers, one of its patronesses and earnest sup­ Council, through its relief work, had been able to establish porters. ~Ir. J. W. Keogh, for twelve years a re ident of in the war. Argentina, read an intere ting paper on the "Activitie. of "The foundation of the social center ha as its primary South merican \Vomen." 1V1;rs. Wilhelmine Scheppe­ object," tated Mrs. Tiers, "the presentation to American grell-Keppler poke on the work of the Catholic WQmen's visitors and American students in Pari the best France Union of Germany. :;\1i Mary C. Tinriey, General In­ pos. es es from an intellectual, social, artistic and religiou . pcctor of the Department of Public Welfare, New York point of view. It maintain an Information Bureau to. City, submitted a report of the recent congre es of Euro­ assist Americans, e pecially ~ tudents in the selection of pean women held in Paris, Fribourg and Rome, whither schools, recommends lodgings, classes at the orbonne and lVliss Tinney was . ent as a special representative of the the Institute Catholiqne, affords a recreation and vacation JatiOlial Conncil of Catholic \Vomen. The Very Rev. center, aids American traveler in ight-seeing, conducts James O'Donnell, 0.1\11.1., for thirty-seven years a mi - at the r enter. cIa e, in cultural and yocational ·ubjects. :-,ionary in South Africa, gave an interesting account of The Ccuter 1 _~intains an Employment Bureau and, the mi . ion of the 1 atal and Zulu land districts and of the through a commIttee of its member, vi it regularly the tatu" of the native women in that far-away country. American h sp~ al , looking out especially for the material l\1i :-) Tinney stated that the conferences marked the first a d iritual interests of American. According to :l\1rs. coming together of European women , ince the war: and 1 i r:::., 1 rench-American Welfare Center is the only the initial appearance of a repre ~ entative of Catholic Amer­ . m ican representative Catholic organization in Paris. ica in the European meetings. The problems discus. eel at Thr u h the genero ity of the T. C. \ V. C. the rent of this Paris, Fribourg and Rome grouped themselves, according ocia! c ter, which i located at 16 Avenue de \\'igwam, to lVIiss Tinney's report, into five large divi ion: (1 The 11 let nnti1 April, 1923. The report which l\hs. pre'iervation and propagation of the faith; (2) Eelu 'atioll igned by :\1iss Catherine Letterman, )'Ir . within the home and oULide; (3) 1he welfare of wd{nel onald IIarpe 1 d Mrs. George \Vhitecotton, of the Cen- throughout the nations of the world; (4) Protective w k e 's Publicity Committee. for girb; and (S) Morality-public and private-. fu ~}tatement of the result of the European conferences ha. MJ's. KEOGH'S PAPER already been given by Mi s Tinney to the BULLETIN read­ Mrs. Keogh, in discus~ing "The Attivitie of outh ers. Reproduced on another page is a picture of the dele­ American Women," paid glowing tribute to the fine char­ gates to the Convention of the International Union of acter and sturdy faith of the women of that continent, and Catholic Women's Leagues, held in Rome, which ",a ' described in detail the workings of a number of Catholic attended by Miss Tinney. women's organizations. One of them, the Dames de ",Ale cannot mea ure in material terms," said :\Ii~s Benefellcia, organized almost a century ago and composed Tinney, "the good that ha been accomplished by the e of sixty women, has projecteel and now maintains a large international conferences; but we all feel strengthened men­ number of charitable, indu trial and educational establi h­ tally and spiritually to approach our own sometime unin­ ments, the value of whose properties run into millions of teresting tasks with increased zeal since we know that our dollars. The . ociety act as a National Board of Charities si ters acro s the sea are helping us by their in. piration and has supervision of the expenditure of the budget for and encouragement." national benevolence, which amount to more than four million dollars annually. The great Revadavia Hospital; \VORK OF FRENCH-AMERICAN WELFARE eE TER which cover a large city block in Bueno Aire, the chil­ The work of the French-American WeI fare Center, re­ dren s hospital in the same city, and the St. Philomena ported upon by Mrs. Tiers, is also well known to the industrial school are examples of the type of institution BULLETI reader. Thi Center was established at the close which i operated and maintained by the Dames de of the war activities of the National Catholic War Conncil Benefencia. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC vVELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 29

"\\"e have, too," said 1\1rs. month - for a reply to their Keogh, "the splendid organi­ appeal, the officers of her or­ zation of the Dames de C ori­ ganization inve tigated and dades} organized in many 'of were informed by the lead­ the parishe and engaged in ers of the party in power the \vork of the protection that the petition had been ·of the young, the promotion discarded. "VVe were told," of public morals and the said the German delegate, suppression of indecent pub­ "that we carried no intlu­ lications and exhibition .. ence, becau e we repre en'ted This ociety operates home::, only about 25,000 women. for working girls and a sy,'­ And then we started out tern of care for the sick with renewed effort SO that poor." today we have more than l\lrs. Yeogh al 0 spoke in MR . J. W. KEOGII MRS, WILHELMINE SCHEPPE· two million '." Of t. Louis GRELL·KEPPLER f 1 detail of the work of the Tracing the history 0 t 1e Soci ty for the I re 'erYation of the Faith.. the St. Patrick Catholic \\' omen's Organization of Germany" the speaker and St. J oeph Society and of the ,Argentine Federation )f told of the fOllndation in 1900 of the Catholic ,Vonlen s the Tational Council of Catl:lOlic \Vomen which is organ­ Teachers A . ociation and, later, of the organization of the ized along lines imilar to our own Council. ' he abo toH A ~ociated Catholic Charities of Germany and of a number of the , trug~le in which>. outh American women are 110\V of other organization' now merged into the great German engaged in an effort to get a\\'ay f1' 1m the injustice and Catholic Union. oppre "ion to \'hich women, becaw'e they are women, are "\Ve haye our ideab," continued Mr. 'cheppegrell­ subjected in certain of the southern countrie. She de­ Keppler, 'and we strive to live ttp to them de pite the plored the propaganda, now 0 widespread, fayorablc to ~(h'er~e circum tance ' which urround tIs. '0-/e eek to laxity in the la\\"s governing marriage and divorce. disseminate the spirit f self-sacri£1ce, to engender a love In the course of her di 'cu. sian :\Irs. Keogh ga \'e some fo;' w rk which is unse1i15h, full of peace, of purity, of interestin CT fignres regarding educational advancement ill self- em and of great moral strength, so that we would e,'eral of the outh American republics and empha. izeE ta 'e ,,·ith others tban ee others starve. Our the great need which is \videspreacl and ever pressing for plan is teach our Catholic women in Germany that, if more priest. t y carry out this ideal, they may tand where' they will; "l\Tany of the men," he aid, "are not very faithful matter what their calling may be, they will always be in the practice of their religion. On one occasion, I asked ble to fill other with enthusiasm and will themselves be a Passionist Father how it was pas. ilJle that ,' uch a situa- . the bearers of a new culture. We mu t all be unanimous tion had come to pass in these Cathol1c countries, and he for the Catholic \Vomen's Movement. All ide issue must replied, 'Do yon hl0W that there i only one priest to every disappear. \Ve 1l1U t maintain the true ,olidarity of all 45,000 of the population?' Catholic women; we mu:-::t be one union of Catholic women "One of the greatest need in 'outh merica," continued to work in the w rid and to pread the Kingdom of God." the peaker,' i ' for vocation for the priesthood. vVe need Touching upon general conditions in Germany, the peaker more prie t and vve mu. t have them, and it i our earnest declared that the outside \."orld little understands the ter­ hope and prayer that these may oon come among II to help rible crisis through which the Catholics of Germany are 111 the preervation of the faith of the e Catholic people." pa ing and the urgent need there i for help. "Even now," 'he concluded, "the maternity hospitals, infant homes, 'YORK OF CATHOLIC "'OME T J 1 T GER::'L\NY dav nurserie., orphanage' and a ylum are on the verge Greeting" from the erman atholic \Vomen' Union. of· being clo ed for lack of sufficient funds." "'ere conveyed to the as 'embled delegate by l\'irS. ,Vilhel­ mine Scheppegrell-Keppler, who is the Honorary Pre'ident FATHER O'Do. ELL}S PLEA FOR FRICA' MISSIONS of the Catholic \Vomen's Union now visiting the United The first evening's es ion was brought to a close by the States as the delegate of the Rt. Rev. Dr. Paul W. Von Very Rev. James O'Donnell, O.M.L, a missionary prie4 Keppler, Bishop of Rottenburg. from the N atal-Zululand Mission in outh Africa. Father This ~peaker told of the very excellent· "'ork which is O'Donnell told the delegate' of the struggles of the prie. t in being done by the organized body of GermaIi Catholic that far-away land and of the splendid growth of the work women. Stressing the importance and effectivene s of there among the native black '. He aid that, while tho ands national orCTanization, 1\1 r. cheppegrell-Keppler told of of these have been won over to the light of Christianity, a petition which was se~lt by the Catholic women in the he feared that the spread of the faith of Islam would over­ .early days to the German Reichstag. After waiting some take the native unless the work of Christianizing them 30 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

DELEGATES TO THE CONVENTION OF THE INTERN"ATIONAL CNION OF CATHOLIC WO~1EN'S LEAGUES Held during the past summer in Rome and attended by Miss Mary C. Tinney as a representative of the National Council f Catholic \Vomen. Miss Tinney stands directly back of His Eminence, Cardinal Merry del Val, whom the Holy Father has (. signated as t e Pro tecto of the International Union

were to be pursued more vigorou ly. Continuing, he aid: of the t . n such a the Zulu VVar "Continuance of white supremacy in South Africa is years gone by. South Africa is so becoming more and more dependent on training the natives It 1 an nkno\vn land to many. But the fact to Chri ·tian civilization. The black out11umber the whites little kn ;vn makes our work none the Ie s ten to one; if they are properly trained to become useful important. Indeed, it is a great work, this civilizing of members of the state, then all will be well; if not, then 'whole nation of blacks, and one well worthy of the sup­ there always will be the danger of the natural restle sness port of all Christians.~

~~ European Conditions Described to N. C. C. W. Delegates (Continu,ed from page 14) cabarets and restaurant, all in an effort to stave off the and the handicrafts and urged his hearer to endeavor to disaster \\Thich threatens them. put this talent to practical use. He sugge. ted that an ar­ "There is another phase of this situation which is most rangement might be made whereby such thing~ as hand­ alarming. If the present conditions are permitted to carry embroidered tablecloths and napkin, ladies' shirt-waists alyl on, the next generation in Central and Southeastern Europe skirts, lingerie, etc., which are made by the Catholic women will be a generation in which there are no really educated of Europe, might be old in thi country among the mem­

Catholic men and women. Our boys and girls, because of bers of the affiliated organizations of the .I. ~ ational Council their poverty, are no longer able to attend the cIa ses ill of Catholic Women "at prices which, measured in American the colleges and univer ities. Their places have been taken vaIn ar ridiculous." In sub tantiation of the figures by the Jewish boys and girls who are supported and ain­ 'ch he quoted regarding the price at which thee prod­ tained by the generosity of the ever-watchful, genui el might be purchased in Europe, he quoted from a courageous American Jew who has made it his busine e ort of the Treasury Department in which it ,vas hown to see to it that, despite all the mi,ery and suffering which t at goods of European manufacture were being old in a is so widespread in Europe,. J ewi"h boy and girls shall number of New York department stores at fabulon profits. not neglect the all-important training of higher education." A committee of five was sub equently appointed by the Mr. Breen urged the convention delegates to endeavor to conventiort to report on the feasibility of engaging in an set up a sort of self-help scheme among the stricken Cath­ effort to aid the stricken women of Europe by the ale olic women of Europe. He called attention to the splendid of their handiwork in America. M any delegate evidenced talent of large numbers of the European women for sewing a desire to undertake such a work. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC vVELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 31 rNa :io'~al co:n~il Ca ~'h~:~ic" Me~ ']] U Chairman: RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS. D.D. \,/

Admiral William S. Benson. Washington. D. C., President; Th~:::;~R!n. Chicago. III., Vicp.-Presideot; judge P M. ally, Det.roit, ] Mich., Secretary; Charles I. Deoechaud. New Orleans. La., Treasurer. [ EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Admiral William S. Benson. Washington. Chairman: Richmond Dean. Chicago: W. P. Horan. Denver; Walter T. Johnson, Kenton, 0.; ] Judge James E. Deery, Indianapolis; Joseph M. Ta)]y. Providf'nce; C. A. Beeby. Hays. Kansas; Charles I. Denechaud, New Orleans; Thomas P. Flynn, Chicago.; Michael H. Hurley, St. Paul; James J. Sullivan. Philadelphia; Judge P. J. M. Hally. Detroit; Martin J. ~ Conboy, New York; T. J. Cahill, Cheyenne; and Francis R. Lowlher, St. Louis. [t'~~~'~'~~~'~'~~~~'~(~~~~l(;x;e;c;u;ti~:n:S;S;e~c;re;tfi.:~r;Y;:~M~:C~(;H;A~,~~~L~;J;.;S~,L~(;A;T;T~E~~~,Y~.;L;L~.~~~(~·~~~'~'~~~~'~'~~~'l'~~~"] Bishops of Covington, Indianapolis and St. Paul Dioceses Encourage Organization of Men's Council

RGANIZATION of the National Council of Catholic the Covington Dioce e is The Mother of God Council, whose Men in the diocese of Covington will be renewed fine record of membership enrollment has set an example for O immediately as a result of instructions received from all other parish councils to follow. Mr. John H. Lutter, Right Reverend Ferdinand Brossart, D.D., who has ad­ Chairman of the NIembership Committee, is reported to have dressed the following communication to the pastors and enrolled, personally, 175 members in the initial drive of his the people of the diocese of Covington: committee. Nearly 600 embers of the Mother of God Par­ "FOR THE INFORMATION OF PASTORS AND THE ish have enro led in t . C. C. M. Th..:: Covington Diocese PEOPLE OF THE DIOCESE OF COVINGTON. is divided in ee districts-Covington, Lexington and "The National Council of Catholic Men, reconstructed as it Newport-a d has parish councils organized in the fol- has been, and approved by the bishops present at the meeting 10Wl g cities and towns: Bellevue, Covington, Crescent of the hierarchy, September last, extends through the present Spri gs, Lawrence, Frankfort, Fort Mitchell, Lexington, president, Admiral Benson, and its Executive Committee, an Ludl w, Newport and Verona. invitation to strengthen their efforts for Go and Country through the assistance of the entire Catholic m nhood of our The officers of the Covington Diocesan Council are as beloved Country. f ows: President, J. R. Sower, Frankfort, Ky.; Vice­ "For this purpose he asks for the affiliation of tiT Catholic Pr ident, J. J. Donovan, Ludlow, Ky.; Secretary, Eugene organizations with ~he National Council of Ca olic Men. Dal Bellevue, Ky.; and, Treasurer, Joseph Feltman, Cov­ J Therefore, since it now has a definite and precise . ington,1Zy. approved by the Bishops in September, and it is entirely reconstructed, I wish to inform all diocesan, inter-congrega­ BISHOP CHARTRAND PREPARES FOR N. C. C. M. tional, parochial societies, and members of parishes, that they are at liberty to join, and I heartily recommend their joining, Organization of the National Council of Catholic Men the National Council of Catholic Men, provided that they in the Diocese of Indianapolis has begun with the approval comply with its constitution, a copy of which, I presume, may of Right Reverend Joseph Chartrand, D.D. The work will be procured by writing to the 'National Council of Catholic be under the immediate supervision of Judge James E. Men,' 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D. C. "Yours in Christ, Deery, of Indianapolis, a member of the Executive Board "~ FERDINAND BROSSART} of the N. C. C. M. Plans completed call for the organiza­ "Bishop of Covington. tion of the city of Indianapolis first, and then the remaining ··Nov. 13, 1922." parishes in the diocese. An invitation has been extended to It is now planned to proceed at once to the complete National President Admiral William S. Benson to visit organization of subordinate councils in several of the par­ Indianapolis and address a mass meeting of the Catholic ishes in the dioceses and in the surrounding towns and men of the diocese. districts. The local Council officers, under the inspiration National President Admiral William S. Benson addressed of Bishop Brossart's direction, have formulated a plan. an immense gathering of Catholic laymen assembled in the whereby it is hoped that every Catholic laymen in the auditorium at ' St. Paul, Minnesota, on Sunday afternoon, diocese will be united into a strong, forceful, organized November 19, in response to the invitation of the Arch­ body. diocesan Union of Catholic Men. Notable among the rna y splendid councils organized in (Continued on page 33) 32 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC \lVELFARE COUNCIL BULLETI)J

[' ...... " " • <==> , " " • -<"'". -----...... 4 t " ) _ ) ] [ N". C. W. ~:air!?~~T~~~~~~~I~~D.D.Education ] Executive Secretary: REV. JAMES H. RYAN, D.D .. Ph.I;). ] EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE [ Rt. Rev. Msgr. Edward A. Pace; Vp-ry Rev. J. A. Burns. C.S.C.; Rt. Rev. Msgr. John P. Chirlwirk: Rev. Or. John A. Dillon; John F. Fenlon; Rev. Albert C. Fox. S.J.; Rt. Rev. Msgr. Francis W. Howard; Rev. Dr. Francis T. Mornn: Rl. Re . Peterson; Rev. Brother G. Philip; Rev. R. H. Tierney, S.J.; Rt. Rev. Thomas J. t:ihahan: nt. Hp-v. Ms~r. Jos~h F .. ilb: ] John A. Waldron; Rev. Dr. «'rancis Walsh; Rp-v. John J. Wynne. S.J.

[ BUREAU OF EDUCATION A. C. MONAHAN. Director j DIVISIONS: Statistics and Information. Teachers' Registration Section. Elementary Educlltion. RflI'ear"h Catholic Education. Library [ ~E~~~~'~E~~~~j~E~~~'~C~~~~jnE~~~~j~E~~~~jlE~~~~j~C~~'E~~~~jnE~~~~j~E~~~~jlc~~~~j~E~~~~j~C~~~j~C~~~~' N. C. W. C. Program for American Education Week Catholic Agencies to Cooperate in Nation-wide Educational Celebration

HE National Catholic Welfare Council, through its education is a v. al doctrine of Our American demor racy, alld Education Department, is cooperating with the United essential to its perpetuity. T. _ States Bureau of Education, the American Legion 9. AdYertise Am rican Education Week on letterheads and envelopes. and the National Educational ociation in planning a nation-w{de observance of " merican Education Week," A program for each day of American Education \ \" eek ha ' been arranged a follows: December 3-9. This coope~ation has been extended in 'Con­ formity with the pronouncement of the Bishops' Pastoral FOR GOD A~D COU ~TRY Letter which sets forth the spirit of our Catholic chool RELIGIOUS. EDU AT IO ~ T DAY System as follows:. Slmday, DecelJlber 3, 1922: "OUY Catholic schools are not established alld 11wintained ... T ecessity of religious education. 1.oith any idea of holding our children apart from the Teachings of the Church on attendance at Catholic schools. general body and spirit of American citizenshi. They Freedom of education and Anlerican democracy. are simply the concrete form in which 'Z Ie exe c 'an-E~'ery Catholic child ill (/ ('alholic school. rights as fr{'e citv:ens in confor77lity , 'Z ith t/z{' die rences-Catechism of Catholic Education, chapter., \ 'Il I amI cOllsci{'f)ce. N IX; Bishops' Pastoral Letter, page 71 and foll o\\"ing. The following sugge tion have been made to Catho'c prie ts are urged to preach a senTIon on Catholic education. agencies-Local Councils of Catholic Men and Women COl nunities are urged to hold mass meetings. Reqnc::.ts for " pea (ers should be made to the local Council of the ~ational Catholic Fraternal Organizations, Luncheon and Study Council of Catholic Men, the Knights of Columbus, and other Clubs, and other cooperating groups: for meetings durin,g this week. 1. Request the Catholic cl ergy to preach upon the subject AJfERICA~ CITIZE::-JSHIP DAY of Catholic Education, un day, December 3, 1922. 2. Put a copy of A Catechism of Catholic Education in the December 4, 1922: hands of every adult Catholic in your parish or org ~U1izatio :1. 1. Children t oday, citizens tomorrow. 3. ,Urge the newspapers to give all space possible to educa­ 2. 1'\ ecessity of education for' good citizenship. tional matters, articles, editorials and news material regarding 3. Help the immigrant to b 'come Americans through the \vider the Catholic school 2.nd your observance of American Educa­ use of Church and school. tion work. 4. The duties of citizenship. 4. Talk to your non-Catholic neighbor ahout the r.eaSOl1 for Slogan-The Catholic school makes good American citi::.:e lls. the existence of religious schools in a democracy. Reference-Civics Catechi m. 5. Put in the hand of your non-Catholic neighbor a copy of A Catechism of Catholic Education. "I believe in religious instruction for American children. The 6. Have Catholic speakers at all pU'blic meetings held that future of the nation cannot be tru ted to the childn:. n unle s their week talk a few minutes on the necessity and value of re­ education includes their spiritual development."-Presidclll Hal'dillfJ. ligious education. P A TRIOTIS11 DAY 7. Cooperate with the educational officials and other patriotic, civic and fraternal organizations by havin.g Catholic speakers TttesdaJI, December 5. 1922: at all meetings during the week. 1. The flag-the emblem of freedom. 8. Have all speakers emphasize the fact that freedom of 2. Catholic contributions to American history. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC vVELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 33

3. The history of Catholic education in the United States. Covington, Indianapolis and St. Paul Dioceses Ready 4. The Americanism of the Catholic school. for Men's Council Slogan-The Catholic school is an Amer,ican school. (Continued f1'om page, 31) Reference-Catechism of Catholic Education, chapters I amf X, "Reason and experience both forbid us to expect that national Most Reverend Austin Dowling, D.D., Archbishop of morality can prevail in exclusion of religious principie,"-=-George St. Paul, in introducing Admiral BensolI, referred to him 1,Vashil1gton. as "America's most distinguished Catholic layman." Not RELIGIOUS TEACHER DAY only was the capacity' of the auditorium taxed to its utmost, Wedncsday, Dcce1'J1.be1' 6, 1922: but many hundreds had to be turned away. The occasion 1. Training of the religious teacher. was one of the greatest events in the Catholic annals' of 2. The religious teacher and public life. the ' Capital CiW. 3. Tl:e need of more religious vocations. Admiral Benson made a plea for nation-\vide Cat Slogan-The religio~ts teacher ,is the P1'011'lOtcr of true AlIlericaJ£'ism. action as the one that would be, eff ctiv' at the. p sent References-Catechism of Catholic Education, Ghapters X and XI; time. He declared the N a ional Cout\cil f atholic Men Bishops' Pastoral Letter, page 71 and following. to be an organization for vhjch l1ere is national need, sta ting that its 0 b j ects cann t be a' tained y existing soci e­ CATI{OLIC PARISH SCHOOL DAY ties. Declaring that his in re' in the m ement is' owing Thursda.\', December 7, 19 to his recognition of Amet:'ica's need of 1, he urged the 1. The parish school. 2. Its organization and w k. Catholic men of the Archdiocese of St. Paul ,to organize 3. The cost of education in he parish their diocesan, district and parish councils as a part of 4. Support of the parish schoQ. the national movement. Slogan-The religio1ts school ea-rliest daj's at In the evening Mr. Michae~ B. Hurley, a member of the Republic. the Executive Board of the N. C. C. 1\1., acted as to.ast­ Reference-Catechism of Cad II, III, IV, master at the banquet tendered Admiral Bens011 at the Ath­ VII, XI and XII. letic Club. Covers were laid for four hundred guests. CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL DAY, Addresses were made by His Grace, the Archbishop, \Vil­ liam D. Jamieson, State Deputy of the Knigbts of Colum­ Frida)', December 8, 1922: bus; Dr. James lVlcKeon, and others. 1. The Catholic high school. ' 2. The need of more Catholic high schools. Speaking in Minneapoli. on the previous evening before ' 3. High-school education and success ill life. the Knights of Columbus', Admiral Benson stressed the 4. Support' of the Catholic hi~h school. need of coordination of Catholic effort for the purpose of

Slogan,-The ' Catholic high school tUI'J1S out 'well-trained YOllllq insuring proper representation of Catholic interest under Americans. modern conditions in America. Reference-Catechism of Catholic education, chapters JI, III, IV, VII, XI and XII. Postmaster .G-eneral Work Welcomes Women's CATHOLIC COLLEGE DAY Council Delegates Saturday, Dcct'mbe1' 9, 1922: (C01lJ,til'LUed 11'0'1]1- page 11) ]. The need of a college-trained Catholic laity. not entirely be accomplished by the Government itself but must be 2. Cathoiic colleges and their work. brought about through the national organizations inspired by motives 3, Endowments for Catholic colleges. similar to yours.' The education of our foreign-born, instruction in 4. Organized aid for poor sttldents attending college. child hygiene and care of the sick, salvation of delinquents who have Slogan-The Catholic co/fcoc is a buIwar/l a.gaillst socialislIl and fallen thj'ough misfortune, the elimination of illiterac extending a allarchy. helping hand to the depende ts, improving the wing conditions Reference-Catechism of Catholic Education, chapters II. III, IV, of the laboring classes, crea ing cOQpati,'\Ile int~rests in the rural VII, Xl and XII, communities, organization of s iaf" gr ups to teach the duties of citizenship are among those r m i s that will secure a civilization Catholic. are urged to make use of the Catechism of to our country that will be e ting and indestructible. Catholic Education) issued by the N. C. W. C. Department "You are doing ,much to preserve purity to the young of your of Education, and to circnlate it as widely as possible during sex and interest yourselves in those who have been marred but not lost. "American Education Week" The contents of this Cate­ ''As mothers of children, and of the visible church, you could not chism are explained on page 2 of this issue. 'but be welcome to the seat of the nation's O'overl11uent which is WRITE THE N. C. W. C. DEPARTMENT OF EDU­ directed by men who fear God and try to go"'vern' by th~ spirit of CATION for suggestions and literature that will enable His ' commandments. ' you to make American Education Week a success in your "I hope your convention may prove pleasil~g. I know it will be profitable to you and be reassuring to those charged with upholding community and to bring about a creditable participation the greatest institutions of the greatest nation the world has ever by Catholics 'in its program. known." 34 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

Diocese of Scranton: Fifty-Three Organizations Join Women's Local: St. Joseph's Society Prevention of Cruelty to ChildrlU\ and for the Council During Month of October Aged Persons, Scranton, Pa. PROVINCE OF ~T. LOUIS: Fifty-three local and parish societies, one diocesan, three state, Archdiocese of St. Louis: and three national organizations affiliated with the Women's Coun­ Local: Visitation Academy Alumnae Assoc., St. Louis, Mo. Diocese of Wichita: cil during October. The total number of organizations affiliated Local: Queen's Daughters of Wichita, Kansas. with the N. C. C. W. up to October 31, 1922, was 762, classified as PROVINCE OF ST. PAUL: foliows: National organizations, 8; state organizations, 9; diocesan Archdiocese of St. Paul: organizations, 21; local organizations, 724. Local: Seton Guild, Minneapolis, Minn. Diocese of Winona: The list of organizations affiliating during October follows: Local: St. Rose of Lima Guild, Winona, Minn. NATIONAL: Diocese of Sioux Falls: Ladies' Auxiliary, Ancient Order of Hibernians. Local: ent Guild, Sioux Falls, S. Dak. Ladies' Catholic Benevolent Association. PROV CE OF SAN Women's Catholic Order of Foresters. PROVIDENCE OF BALTIMORE: tate: Catholic Ladies' A' Society, San Francisco, Cal. Archdiocese of Baltimore: Local: San Mateo Institu . 9? Y. L. I., Belmont, Cal. Local: Catholic Daughters of America, Ct. Ca~dinal Gibbons No. 529, Angela Institute No. 90, Y. L. I., San Bruno, Cal. Curnberland, Md. Hanna Institute No. 68, Y. L. I., San Leandro, Cal. Ladies' Aux. No. 62, K. of St. John, Washington, D. C. . / Diocese of Monterey and Los Angeles: Rev. M. P. Sullivan Council No. 185, C. W. B. L., Washington, D/c. Local: Queen's Daughters, Los Angeles, Cal. Frederick Academy Visitation, Frederick, Md. Diocese of Sacramento: Diocese of Richmond: L Local: Catholic Ladies' Relief Society No.1, Sacramento, Cal. Local: St. Patrick's Alumnae Assoc., Richmond, Va. PROVINCE OF SANTA FE: Diocese of Wheeling: Diocese of Denver: Local: St. Joseph's Academy Alumnae, Elmwood, Elm Grove, . Va. Local: Cathedral Altar and Rosary Society, Denver, Colo. Diocese of Charleston: St. Mary'S Branch No. 356, L. C. B. A., Pueblo, Colo. Local: Council of Catholic Women, Columbi~, S. C. FOREIGN: . Diocese of Sa v annah : Catholic Ladie's' At Society, Honolulu, T. H. Local: St. Vincent's Alumnae Asso , Savannah, Ga. PROVINCE OF BOSTON: Archdiocese of Boston: Life of Cardinal Gibbons / Local: Alumnae Assoc. of Boston cadetny of Visitation, Dorchester, Mass. Dr. Will, Author, Friend of Late Prelate Somerville Woman's Catholic Club. Life of Cardinal Gibbons, ArchbishdP of Baltimore. By Allen Sin­ PROVINCE OF CH\CAGO: Archdiocese of Chic o. clair Will, A.M .• Litt.D., LL.D., Two Volumes. New York: State: State Cour of nois, C. D. of A., Chicago, III. E. P. Dutton & Company. Local: Catholic Wo an's League, Chicago, Ill. These two volumes are the fruit of daily conversations, ex­ tending Over several years, in which Cardinal Gibbons told the Diocese of Indianapolis: Local: St. Cecilia Aux. K o~St. John, Evansville, Ind. story of his life to a personal friend and experienced editor. Nazareth Alumnae, Jeffersonville, Ind. These conversations were supplemented by the gift of a private Diocese of Grand Rapids: journal kept since 1868, and the archives of the ~ chdiocese of Local: i3usiness Girls' Cooperative Club, Grand Rapids, Mich. Baltimore were placed at the disposal of the aujihor. The only PROVINCE OF MIL WAUKEE: injunction laid upon Dr. Will was that he should remember Archdiocese of Milwaukee: Local: Ladies' Aux. A. O. H., Milwaukee, Wis. the command laid upon the artist who submitted a portrait to PROVINCE OF NEW ORLEANS: Cromwell, "Paint me as I am, warts \ll1d al1." Archdiocese of New Orleans: One of the most striking evidel ces of the impress left by Local: St. Aloysius Alumnae. Meridian, Miss. Cardinal Gibbons on the times in which he lived. is furnished PROVINCE OF NEW YORK: in the result achieved by his biogra her, working without restric­ Archdiocese of New York: tion a.nd. with every facility fQr / obtaining information of the Diocesan: Manhattanville Alumnae Association, New York, N. Y. Local: Carroll Club, New York. N. Y. most -tntlmate character. Here in 1068 pages are recorded the Big Sisters. Ladies of Charity Catholic Charities, Archdiocese of manifold activities ~ames Gibbon itS parish priest, mis­ New York. sionary bishop, metro oijta archbishop and Prince of the Ladies' Auxiliary Holy Family Church. New Rochelle, N. Y. Church; here are discl 's contacts with rulers and states­ Cathedral School Alumnae, New York, N. Y. St. Catherine Welfare Association. men at home and abro d his influence in labor circles, his Diocese of Rochester: methods of work as writer and preacher. Yet not only are there Local: Catholic Women's Federation. Rochester, N. Y. no warts to paint into the picture, but every lineament, every Diocese of Newark: tiny wrinkle in the portrait, is singularly familiar. State: a'Kempis, Newark, N. J. '~The Life" is a careful record of a career which was fol­ Local: St. Elizabeth College Alumnae, Elizabeth, N. J. I Hudson County District Council. N. C. C. W., Jersey City, N. J. lowed with respect and reverence while it was being rounded PROVINCE OF OREGON: out and which, because it was known to all men, made better Diocese of Seattle: known the Church to which it was dedicated. It is seemly Local: Immaculate Conception No. 638, W. C. O. F., Seattle, 'Vash. that such a record, full and faithful, should be available to PROVINCE OF PHILADELPHIA: continue the influence of one who 'being dead, yet speaketh," Archdiocese of Philadelphia: and Dr. Will is to be congratulated on the care he has shown Local: Ladies' Aux. A. O. H. Div. No. 18, Frankford, Pa. Diocese of Altoona: in compiling it. Local: Eugene A. Garvey Ct. No. 652, C. D. of A .• Altoona, Pa. So closely was the long life of Cardinal Gibbons lived in Diocese of Pittsburgh: contact with the life of the country he loved, that it will be Local: C. D. of A. Ct. Santa Maria No. 383, Jeannette, Pa. possible for many years to come to turn to these two volumes Div. No. 30. L. A., A. O. H., Pittsburgh, Pa. Allegheny County B-oaTd, L. A., A. O. H., Pittsburgh, Pa. for a clear-cut statement on many of the questions that recur L. C. B. A. Branch No. 499, Pittsburgh, Pa. from time to' time in the life of the nation and which to those L. C. B. A. Branch No. 830, Emsworth, Pa. of a later generation may appear new. THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN 35

What are You Doing- To Promote Better Citizenship in Your Community? Last year the Catholic schools of the Uniteq States used over lOO,(X)() copies of the Council's Civics Catechism on the Rights and Duties of American Citizens. Cmcs CATECHISM Last year the Catholi~ schools of the United States led all others in emphasizing

ON 'nIB the fundamentals of civics, patriotism and Americanization knowledge. IUGBTS AND DUTIES OF The Providence Journal calls the Civics Catechism "the most noteworthy AMEIUCAN CITIZENS document yet published bearing on questiovs of citizens 'p and the historical background of American life." It is expected that the u e of this book et be promoted to an even larger extent this year in CathQli chools and ' Catholic club and community work generally. START A SERIES of Civic Educ Ion Entertainments in your ftl:lCOIIIIlfTt'T'aaOM~ • .u.~ IlATIOM.u. CAncOUC WAll COUtICA. yu ...... auuTTt.va...... town or city. --.'...",.aTOM. .... WRITE TO the N. C. W. C. Headquarters as to how to organize PRICE LIST and manage such a program. Single copies, . .. .. 10c each Lots of SO or more The Civics Catechism is also printed in English-Italian; English-Polish $8.00 per 100 and English-Slovak, the Foreign-language translation appearing in paralle1- Lots of SOO or more $7.00 per 100 column form with the English version. Foreign-language Transla- tions ...... 10c straight No orders will be filled unless accompanied by remittance. Make check Postage Prepaid or money order payable to NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL, 1312 Massachusetts Ave., Wash., D.C.

LIST OF BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS Published by National Catholic Welfa 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, Northwest, Was ·ngton, D. C.

Social Reconstruction...... • Free Educational Inst~tut!ons Conducted by the Xaverian Brothers.... .05 each Summary of Social Reconstruction Program...... Free Educational Inst~tut!ons Conducted by the Marist Fathers .. , .... .05 each Fundamentals of Citizenship-English ...... Free Educational Inst!tut~ons Conducted by the Capuchin Fathers. . .. .05 each Fundamentals of Citizenship-Italian ...... Free Educational InstitutIOns Conducted by the Brothers of the Sacred Church and Reconstruction...... Free Heart. • ...... • . . . • • . . • . • . • . . . . .05 each *Civics Catechism-English ...... 10 each tCatechism of Catholic Educatio~ ...... : : : : : : : .25 each Civics Catechism, English-Italian...... 10 each A Library for Element~ry Parochl~l Schools...... 25 each Civics Catechism, English-Polish...... 10 each Scouting Under Catholic Leadership ..•....•.....•...... , ... , Free Civics Catechism, English-Slovak...... 10 each Address of Reverend John J. Burke, C. S. P., to the National Handbook of National Catholic War Council ...... Free Council of Catholic Men •.•...... , .. , Free Promise Fulfilled ...... , . , .. , ...... Free Review of the" American Catholics in the War" ...... Free ¥g~ g~~~tCrra~3~ook'i~r'i~~tr~~to~~~Catholi~':B9Y~: Brig~d~::: ~~:: tBolshevism in Russia and America...... 05 each Allocution of the Holy Father to Italian Feminine Union ...... , Free tCatechism of the Social Question ... , .. , ...... 05 each Home Teacher ...... , ...... • . • . • ...... Free *Capital and Labor , . , .. , ... , .. .. , ...... 10 each *What Women's Organizations Can Do ...... •.•...... , ...... 10 each IReligious Ideals in Industrial Relations. , ..... , ...... 05 each Address of Reverend John J. Burke, C. S. P., to the National Program of Catholic Rural Action...... 10 each Council of Catholic Women...... • . . • ...... Free *Pastoral Letter-English...... 10 each §Dividing the Nation .•..•.....•.. , . . . . • ...... 10 each Pastoral Letter-Italian, ...... , ...... 10 each Pastoral Letter-Spanish ...... ,...... 10 each BOOKS tYou Should Read the Catholic Press. Why? ...... F~~~ each Directory of Catholic Colleges and Schools, Rev. J. H.Ryan, D. D .. $3, 50 each ~h:hClithot c ~e s s .£b~o?d ..... , ...... , .. , , ...... , .. , .... . , Free American Catholics in the War, Michael Williams, Litt. D...... 2 . 65 each n W p\/ E~ °t' ou d C thO F' Ed" 't'" ., .. E··(··d·,········, .10 each Church and Labor, Dr. J. A. Ryan and Rev. J. Husslein, S. J ..... 3.00 each P~bl:~ Ed~~:ti~~ :~d C~th~li~ Ed~~:ti~~ i~ H~fI~d:::::::::::: .10 each Social Mission of Charity, Rfv Wm.]. Kerby, Ph.D ...... 2.25 each' Public Ed c t 'on and Catholic Educ t' . Scotland .10 each Social Reconstruction, Rev. J. A. Ryan, D.D ...... 2.50 each u aid C J a Ion In . •.••..... , .20 each *Lots of 50 or more, .08 each; lots of 500, .07 each-English edition only. §~~~cL~~~cR~i~~i~~ to p;~?~~~ ~~dCp!~~~~i!l~~ti~o1s·.·:::::::::: .15 each tLots of 100 or more, 0.372 each: lots of 1,000, .03 each. State Laws Relatiye to Bible Reading in Public Schools ... , , .... , .10 each :l:Lots of 50 or more, .20 each; lots of 100 or more, .18 each. Graduate Scholarships and Fellowships in State and Other Uni- §In quantities up to 1,000, $7.50 per hundred. 5,000, $130.00: 10,000, $190.00; 't' .10 each 20,000, $310.00. Stat:eL~!~s'~~d 'Reg'U:lati'o'y{s' 'R~i~ti~~' 't~' 'th~ ' C'e~dfic'ati~~' ~f No orders will be filled unless accompanied by remittance, Make check or Teachers ...... , ...... , .. , ...... ••.. . , . .. . 10 each money order payable to National Catholic Welfare COUIJcil. Requests for free pubU.:ations must be accompanied by postage 36 THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE COUNCIL BULLETIN

"L ORD, when did we see Thee "AMEN, I say to hungry, or thirsty, or a you, as long as stranger, or naked, or you did it to one of sick, or in prison, and these My least breth­ did not come to Thy ren, you did it to assistance?' , Me."

What if this were your chi_d?

THE AGONIZING CRIES OF STARVING CHILDREN AND THE HEART-RENDING SIGHTS OF LITTLE ONES WHO MAY YET BE SAVED BY THE MIRACLE OF FOOD ARE THE MOST DISTRESSFUL FEATURES OF EUROPE'S TRAGEDY OF FAMINE Have You Responded to the Appeal of Pope' Pius XI

To Aid the Famine-stricken People of Russia, Austria, Ge r any and the Near East?

N RESPONSE to the Holy Father's appeal for the starving peoples What Your Money Will Do of Europe, the American Hierarchy is taking up a general collec­ For A QUARTER OF A DOLLAR one of these I tion throughout the United States. . children is maintained for about a week; for In an --endeavor to bring home to every Catho IC the conditions FIVE DOLLARS its sustenance is assured for in certain sections of Russia which caused the Holy Father to inau- . months and perhaps its life saved. gurate immediate relief measures, and with the purpose of disclosing A QUARTER OF A DOLLAR is for the poor the deprivation of a cigar, an hour at the cinema, the plight of the children in the famine-stricken regions, the Vatican some trifle. Press has issued a pamphlet from which the following is taken: FIVE DOLLARS are for the rich the renounc­ ing of some caprice. , , We are in presence of one of the greatest catastrophes of Who will not forego, at least once, a cigar, the history. Innumerable masses of human creatures, stricken by cinema, a whim, to save a human life? What child will not feel urged to aid his little famine, mown down with typhus and cholera, wander in a distant brother by renouncing in his favor the desperate condition over a country laid waste, and crowd to brief pleasure of a new toy? the more populous centers, hoping there to find bread, but are A child in the throes of death from hunger is as a drowning child; he who gives an offering to instead driven away by force of arms. From the plains of the PONTIFICAL WORK is the generous person the Volga, many millions of men, threatened with the most who saves, but in this case, without incurring any terrible death, invoke the aid of humanity." risk. If you have not already contributed to this appeal, fill out the coupon printed below and send it with your The Holy Father has informed the American bishops that he relies donation to the bishop of your diocese. chiefly on America to furnish the aid which will relieve the distress among the sorely afflicted peoples of the world. RUSSIAN RELIEF DONATION In communicating the wish of His Holiness to the American bishops, His Eminence, Cardinal O'Connell, said: "We should all work together with common action at the same time in our endeavor to gather as large an amount as possible to aid the Holy Enclosed find------______dollars as my donation to the Holy Father's European Relief Fund. Father in his noble, humane, and most Christian purpose."

To all who respond to this appeal, Pope Pius XI bestows in ad vance N.C.W.C.B. his blessing. 11 / 22 Clothing as well as money is needed. Send your cast-off clothing to the N. C. W. C., 1312 Massachu­ setts Avenue, Washington, D. C. Carrying charges on all clothing shipments must be paid in advance.

MATfOH"L CAPITAL ""UI. IHO., WAIHINQTOH, O. o.