BE PREPARED FOR AN ACTIVE SHOOTER

Recent national tragedies remind us that the risk is real. Taking a few steps now can help you react quickly FEMA P-2143/November 2020 when every second counts.

An active shooter is an individual engaged in attempting to kill people in a confined space or populated area. Active shooters 24/7 typically use firearms and have no pattern to their selection of victims. Can happen anywhere Can happen anytime

IF YOU ARE INVOLVED IN AN ACTIVE SHOOTER INCIDENT

See something, Learn first aid skills so say something. you can help others.

EIT EIT Before you run, know the exits. Help law enforcement.

Find a place to hide. Seek help to cope with trauma.

Run Hide Fight HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN AN ACTIVE SHOOTER THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

If you see suspicious activity, let an RUN. Getting away from the shooter Keep hands visible and empty. authority know right away. or shooters is the top priority. Leave your things behind and run away. If Know that law enforcement’s first Many places, such as houses of safe to do so, warn others nearby. task is to end the incident. They may worship, workplaces, and schools, Call 911 when you are safe. Describe have to pass injured persons along have plans in place to help you each shooter, their locations, the way. respond safely. Ask about these and weapons. plans and get familiar with them. If Follow law enforcement’s you participate in an active shooter HIDE. If you cannot get away safely, instructions and evacuate in the drill, talk with your family about what find a place to hide. Get out of the direction they tell you to. you learned and how to apply it to shooter’s view and stay very quiet. other locations. Silence your electronic devices and Consider seeking professional help make sure they won’t vibrate. Lock for you and your family to cope with When you visit a building such as a and block doors, close blinds, and the long-term effects of trauma. shopping mall or healthcare facility, turn off the lights. Do not hide in take time to identify two nearby exits. groups—spread out along walls or Get in the habit of doing this. hide separately to make it more difficult for the shooter. Try to Map out places to hide. In rooms communicate with police silently— without windows, behind solid such as through text messages or by doors with locks, under desks, or putting a sign in an exterior window. behind heavy furniture such as Stay in place until law enforcement large filing cabinets can make good gives you notice that all immediate hiding places. danger is clear.

Sign up for active shooter, first aid, FIGHT. Your last resort when you and tourniquet training. Learn how to are in immediate danger is to defend help others by taking FEMA’s You Are yourself. Commit to your actions and Take an Active Role the Help Until Help Arrives act aggressively to stop the shooter. in Your Safety course. Learn more at Ambushing the shooter together ready.gov/until-help-arrives. with makeshift weapons such as Go to ready.gov and chairs, extinguishers, scissors, search for active shooter. and books can distract and disarm Download the FEMA app to the shooter. get more information about preparing for an active shooter. Find Safety Tips

FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR AN

People caught in can die from suffocation, trauma, or hypothermia. An average of 28 people die in avalanches FEMA P-2143/November 2020 every winter in the U.S.

An avalanche is a large amount DEC of moving quickly down a 60-80 MPH mountain. People caught beneath the heavy snow from MAR an avalanche may not be able to dig out. Can be caused by people, Can move at speeds of Peak season is new snow, and wind 60–80 mph December through March

PROTECT YOURSELF FROM AN AVALANCHE

Use proper equipment. This Get training on how to should include helmets and recognize hazardous conditions materials to create pockets of and locations to avoid. air if trapped.

Learn how to properly use Use devices to support rescue. safety equipment.

Sign up for alerts on current Use a guide familiar with the avalanche dangers. area. Always have a buddy. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN AN AVALANCHE THREATENS

Prepare Survive Recognize NOW DURING +RESPOND

Learn about your local Wear a helmet to help reduce head Know the signs and ways to treat avalanche risk. injuries and an avalanche beacon to hypothermia. help others locate you. Sign up for alerts from a U.S. Forest Hypothermia is an unusually low body Service Avalanche Center near you. Use an avalanche airbag that may temperature. A body temperature Your community may also have a create air pockets to give you more below 95 degrees is an emergency. local warning system. space to breathe and help you from • Signs: Shivering, exhaustion, being completely buried. Learn the signs of an avalanche confusion, fumbling hands, and how to use safety and rescue Carry a collapsible avalanche probe memory loss, slurred speech, and equipment. and a small shovel to help rescue drowsiness. others. Take first aid training to recognize • Actions: Go to a warm room or and treat suffocation, hypothermia, If your partner or others are buried, shelter. Warm the center of the traumatic injury, and shock. call 9-1-1 and then begin to search. body first—chest, neck, head, and Travel with a guide who knows the Treat others for suffocation, groin. Keep the person dry and locations to avoid. Always travel hypothermia, traumatic injury, or wrapped up in warm blankets, in pairs. shock. including the head and neck. Follow avalanche warnings on roads. Roads may be closed or vehicles may be advised not to stop on the roadside. Know the signs of increased danger, including recent avalanches and shooting cracks across slopes. Avoid areas of increased risk like slopes steeper than 30 degrees or Take an Active Role in Your Safety areas downhill of steep slopes. Go to Ready.gov and search for avalanche. Download the FEMA app to get more information about preparing for an avalanche. To learn of current avalanche conditions in your area visit www.avalanche.org.

FEMA P-2143 Catalog No. 17233-2 BE PREPARED FOR A CYBERATTACK

Cyberattacks can lead to loss of money, theft of personal information, and damage to your reputation

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 and safety.

Cyberattacks are malicious attempts to access or damage a computer system. Can use computers, Can include Can block your May target May cause problems mobile phones, fraud or access or delete your children with business services, gaming systems, identity theft personal documents transportation, and and other devices and pictures power

PROTECT YOURSELF AGAINST A CYBERATTACK

Keep software and operating Use encrypted (secure) systems up-to-date. internet communications.

Use strong passwords and two-factor authentication Create backup files. (two methods of verification).

Watch for suspicious activity. Protect your home When in doubt, don’t click. Do not Wi-Fi network. provide personal information. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A CYBERATTACK THREATENS

NOW DURING AFTER Prevent Limit Report Damage

Keep your anti-virus software updated. Limit the damage. Look for File a report with the Office of the unexplained charges, strange if you think Use strong passwords that are 12 Inspector General (OIG) characters or longer. Use upper and accounts on your credit report, someone is illegally using your Social lowercase letters, numbers, and special unexpected denial of your credit Security number. OIG reviews cases characters. Change passwords monthly. card, posts you did not make showing of waste, fraud, and abuse. To file a Use a password manager. up on your social networks, and report, visit www.idtheft.gov. people receiving emails you never You can also call the Social Security Use a stronger authentication such sent. Administration hotline at 1-800-269- as a PIN or password that only you 0271. For additional resources and would know. Consider using a separate Immediately change passwords for device that can receive a code or uses all of your online accounts. more information, visit http://oig.ssa. gov/report. a biometric scan (e.g., fingerprint Scan and clean your device. scanner). Internet Consider turning off the device. Take File a complaint with the FBI Crime Complaint Center (IC3) at Watch for suspicious activity that it to a professional to scan and fix. asks you to do something right away, www.IC3.gov. They will review Let work, school, or other offers something that sounds too good the complaint and refer it to the system owners know. Information to be true, or needs your personal appropriate agency. Technology (IT) departments may information. . Think before you click need to warn others and upgrade Learn tips, tools, and more at www. dhs.gov/stopthinkconnect. Check your account statements and systems. credit reports regularly. Contact banks, credit card Use secure internet communications. companies, and other financial Use sites that use “HTTPS” if you accounts. You may need to place will access or provide any personal holds on accounts that have been information. Don’t use sites with invalid attacked. Close any unauthorized certificates. Use a Virtual Private credit or charge accounts. Report Network (VPN) that creates a secure that someone may be using your connection. identity. Use antivirus solutions, malware, and firewalls to block threats. Regularly back up your files in an encrypted file or encrypted file storage device. Take an Active Limit the personal information you Role in Your share online. Change privacy settings Safety and do not use location features. Go to Ready.gov and search Protect your home network by for cyberattack. Download changing the administrative and Wi-Fi passwords regularly. When configuring the FEMA app to get more your router, choose the Wi-Fi Protected information about preparing Access 2 (WPA2) Advanced Encryption for a cyberattack. Standard (AES) setting, which is the FEMA P-2143 strongest encryption option. BE PREPARED FOR AN

Earthquakes can collapse buildings and cause heavy items to fall, resulting in injuries and property damage.

FEMA P-2143/November 2020

Earthquakes are the sudden, rapid shaking of the earth, caused by the breaking and shifting of underground rock. Can happen anywhere. Higher Give no Cause and Cause , risk areas are California, Alaska, warning damage roads , and and the Mississippi Valley avalanches

IF AN EARTHQUAKE HAPPENS, PROTECT YOURSELF RIGHT AWAY

DROP COVER HOLD ON

If in a vehicle, If in bed, If outdoors, Do not get in Do not run pull over and stop. stay there. stay outdoors. a doorway. outside. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN AN EARTHQUAKE THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Secure items such as televisions and Drop, Cover, and Hold On like you Expect aftershocks to follow the objects that hang on walls. Store practiced. Drop to your hands and largest shock of an earthquake heavy and breakable objects on low knees. Cover your head and neck sequence. shelves. with your arms. Hold on to any sturdy furniture until the shaking Check yourself for injury. Practice Drop, Cover, and Hold On stops. Crawl only if you can reach with family and coworkers. Drop to better cover without going through If in a damaged building, go your hands and knees. Cover your an area with more . outside and quickly move away head and neck with your arms. Crawl from the building. only as far as needed to reach cover If in bed, stay there and cover your from falling materials. Hold on to head and neck with a pillow. Do not enter damaged buildings. any sturdy furniture until the shaking If you are trapped, send a text or stops. If inside, stay there until the shaking stops. DO NOT run outside. bang on a pipe or wall. Cover your Create a family emergency mouth for protection and instead of communication plan that has an If in a vehicle, stop in a clear shouting, use a whistle. out-of-state contact. Plan where to area that is away from buildings, If you are in an area that may meet if you get separated. trees, overpasses, underpasses, or utility wires. experience tsunamis, go inland or to Make a supply kit that includes higher ground immediately after the enough food and water for at If you are in a high-rise building, shaking stops. least three days, a flashlight, a expect fire alarms and sprinklers to Save phone calls for . fire extinguisher, and a whistle. go off. Do not use elevators. Consider each person’s specific Wear sturdy shoes and work gloves. needs, including medication. Do not If near slopes, cliffs, or mountains, forget the needs of pets. Have extra be alert for falling rocks and batteries and charging devices for landslides. phones and other critical equipment.

Consider earthquake insurance policies. Standard homeowner’s Take an Active insurance does not cover Role in Your Safety earthquake damage. Go to Ready.gov and search Consider a retrofit of your building for earthquake. Download if it has structural issues that make the FEMA app to get it vulnerable to collapse during more information about an earthquake. preparing for an earthquake.

FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR EXTREME HEAT

Extreme heat often results in the highest annual number of deaths among all weather-related . FEMA P-2143/November 2020

In most of the U.S., extreme heat is a long period (2 to 3 days) of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees. Greater risk Can happen anywhere Humidity increases the feeling of heat as measured by a heat index

IF YOU ARE UNDER AN EXTREME HEAT WARNING

Check on family members Find air conditioning, if possible. and neighbors.

Avoid strenuous activities. Drink plenty of fluids.

Watch for heat cramps, heat Watch for heat illness. exhaustion, and heat stroke.

Wear light clothing. Never leave people or pets in a closed car. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN EXTREME HEAT THREATENS

Prepare Be Safe Recognize NOW DURING +RESPOND

Find places in your community where Never leave a child, adult, or animal Know the signs and ways to treat you can go to get cool. alone inside a vehicle on a warm day. heat-related illness.

Try to keep your home cool: Find places with air conditioning. Heat Cramps Libraries, shopping malls, and • Signs: Muscle pains or spasms in • Cover windows with drapes community centers can provide a cool the stomach, arms, or legs. or shades. place to take a break from the heat. • Actions: Go to a cooler location. • Weather-strip doors and Wear a If you’re outside, find shade. Remove excess clothing. Take windows. hat wide enough to protect your face. sips of cool sports drinks with salt and sugar. Get medical help if • Use window reflectors such as Wear loose, lightweight, light- cramps last more than an hour. aluminum foil-covered cardboard colored clothing. to reflect heat back outside. Drink plenty of fluids to stay Heat Exhaustion • Add insulation to keep the hydrated. If you or someone you care • Signs: Heavy sweating, paleness, heat out. for is on a special diet, ask a doctor muscle cramps, tiredness, what would be best. weakness, dizziness, headache, • Use a powered attic ventilator, or nausea or vomiting, and fainting. attic fan, to regulate the heat level Do not use electric fans when the of a building’s attic by clearing temperature outside is more than • Actions: Go to an air-conditioned hot air. 95 degrees. You could increase the place and lie down. Loosen or risk of heat-related illness. Fans create remove clothing. Take a cool • Install window air conditioners air flow and a false sense of comfort, bath. Take sips of cool sports and insulate around them. but do not reduce body temperature. drinks with salt and sugar. Get medical help if symptoms get Learn to recognize the signs of Avoid high-energy activities. worse or last more than an hour. heat illness. For more information visit: www.cdc.gov/disasters/ Check yourself, family members, Heat Stroke extremeheat/warning.html. and neighbors for signs of heat- related illness. • Signs: Extremely high body temperature (above 103 degrees) indicated by an oral thermometer; red, hot, and dry Take an Active Role skin with no sweat; rapid, strong pulse; dizziness; confusion; and in Your Safety unconsciousness. Go to Ready.gov and • Actions: Call 9-1-1 or get the search for extreme heat. person to a hospital immediately. Download the FEMA app to Cool down with whatever get more information about methods are available until preparing for extreme heat. medical help arrives. FEMA P-2143 Catalog No. 17233-5 AREBE PREPARED YOU READY FOR FOR A A FLOODFLOOD

FailingFloodi ton gevacuate is a tem floodedporary areas, entering waters, thaor remainingt is normally after a dry flood. It is thhase mo passedst comm can resulton natural in

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 injury or death.

Flooding is a temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally dry. It is the most common natural Results from rain, snow, coastal Develops slowly or Causes outages, disrupt in the U.S. , surge, and overflows quickly. Flash can transportation, damage of dams and other water systems come with no warning buildings, create landslides

IF IFYOU YOU ARERE UNDER UNDER AA FLOOD FLOOD WARNING, WARNING FINDSEE SAFE SHELTE SHELTERR RIGH RIGHTT AWAY AWAY

Do not al, sim or drive Determine your best protection Do not walk, swim, basedStay onoff the bridges liely types of or driveust through inches flood of fast movingwaters. over fast-moving water. ater can noc you don, and management plans one foot of moving ater can seep your vehicle aay. ove to higher ground Evacuate if told to do so.  Evacuate if told to do so.

Determine your best protection  MoveStay to here higher you ground are or a higher floor. based on the type of flooding.

 Stay where you are. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A FLOOD THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Know your area’s type of flood risk. Depending on where you are, and Listen to authorities for information Visit FEMA’s Flood Map Service the impact and the warning time of and instructions. Center at https://msc.fema.gov/ flooding, go to the safe location that portal for information. you have identified. Avoid driving, except in emergencies. Sign up for your community’s If told to evacuate, do so warning system. The Emergency Alert immediately. Never drive around Be aware that snakes and other System (EAS) and National Oce anic barricades. Local responders use them animals may be in your house. Wear and Atmospheric Administration to safely direct traffic out of flooded heavy gloves and boots during (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide areas. clean up. emergency alerts. Listen to EAS, NOAA Weather Avoid wading in floodwater, which If flash flooding is a risk in your Radio, or local alerting systems can contain dangerous debris and location, monitor potential signs such for current emergency information be contaminated. Underground as heavy rain. and instructions. or downed power lines can also electrically charge the water. Learn and practice evacuation Do not walk, swim, or drive through routes, shelter plans, and waters. Turn Around. Don’t Use a generator or other gasoline- flood response. Drown.® Just six inches of fast- powered machinery ONLY outdoors moving water can knock you down, and away from windows. Gather supplies in case you have to and one foot of moving water can leave immediately or if services are sweep your vehicle away. Be aware of the risk of electrocution. cut off. Keep in mind each person’s Do not touch electrical equipment specific needs, including medication. Stay off of bridges over fast-moving if it is wet or if you are standing in Don’t forget the needs of pets. water. Fast-moving water can wash water. If it is safe to do so, turn off the Obtain extra batteries and charging bridges away without warning. electricity to prevent electric shock. devices for phones and other critical equipment. If your vehicle is trapped in rapidly moving water, stay inside. If water is Obtain flood insurance. Homeowner’s rising inside the vehicle, seek refuge policies do not cover flooding. Get on the roof. flood coverage under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). If trapped in a building, go to its highest level. Do not climb into Take an Active Role Keep important documents in a closed attic. You may become in Your Safety a waterproof container. Create trapped by rising floodwater. Go on password-protected digital copies. the roof only if necessary. Signal for Go to ready.gov and help. search for flood. Download Protect your property. Move valued the FEMA app to get items to higher levels. Declutter drains more information about and gutters. Install check valves. preparing for a flood. Find Consider a sump pump with a battery. Emergency Safety Tips under Prepare. FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A HURRICANE

Threats from hurricanes include powerful winds, heavy rainfall, storm surges, coastal and inland flooding, rip currents, FEMA P-2143/November 2020 tornadoes, and landslides.

Hurricanes are massive storm systems that form over warm ocean waters and move toward land. The SEPT season runs June 1 to November 30. The Can happen along any U.S. Can affect areas more Most active in September Pacific hurricane season runs coast or territory in the than 100 miles inland May 15 to November 30. Atlantic or Pacific

IF YOU ARE UNDER A HURRICANE WARNING, FIND SAFE SHELTER RIGHT AWAY

 Evacuate if told to do so.

Determine your best protection for high 1 Take shelter in a designated winds and flooding.  storm shelter or an interior room for high winds.

Listen for emergency Only use generators outdoors Do not walk, swim, or drive information and alerts. and away from windows. through flood waters. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A HURRICANE THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Know your area’s risk from If told to evacuate, do so immediately. Listen to authorities for information hurricanes. Do not drive around barricades. and special instructions. Sign up for your community’s If sheltering during high winds, go Be careful during clean-up. Wear warning system. The Emergency Alert to a FEMA safe room, ICC 500 storm protective clothing and work with System (EAS) and National Oceanic shelter, or a small, interior, windowless someone else. and Atmospheric Administration room or hallway on the lowest floor. Do not touch electrical equipment if (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide If trapped in a building by flooding, it is wet or if you are standing in water. emergency alerts. go to the highest level of the If it is safe to do so, turn off electricity If you are at risk for flash flooding, building. Do not climb into a closed at the main breaker or fuse box to watch for signs such as heavy rain. attic. You may become trapped by prevent electric shock. rising flood water. Practice going to a safe shelter for Avoid wading in flood water, which high winds, such as a FEMA safe room Listen for current emergency can contain dangerous debris. or ICC 500 storm shelter. The next information and instructions. Underground or downed power lines best protection is a small, interior, can also electrically charge the water. Use a generator or other gasoline- windowless room in a sturdy building powered machinery ONLY outdoors Save phone calls for emergencies. on the lowest level that is not subject and away from windows. Phone systems are often down to flooding. or busy after a disaster. Use text Do not walk, swim, or drive through messages or social media to Based on your location and flood waters. Turn Around. Don’t communicate with family and friends. community plans, make your own Drown.® Just six inches of fast-moving plans for evacuation or sheltering water can knock you down, and one Document any property damage with in place. foot of moving water can sweep your photographs. Contact your insurance Become familiar with your evacuation vehicle away. company for assistance. , the evacuation route, and zone Stay off bridges over fast-moving shelter locations. water. Gather needed supplies for at least three days. Keep in mind each person’s specific needs, including medication. Don’t forget the needs of pets. Keep important documents in a safe place or create password-protected Take an Active Role digital copies. in Your Safety Protect your property. Declutter Go to ready.gov and search drains and gutters. Install check valves for hurricane. Download in plumbing to prevent backups. the FEMA app to get more Consider hurricane shutters. Review information about preparing insurance policies. FEMA P-2143 for a hurricane. BE PREPARED FOR A

Landslides cause 25–50 deaths and more than a billion dollars in damage each year. FEMA P-2143/November 2020

55-100 MPH A landslide is rocks, earth, or other materials moving down a slope. A mudflow is a landslide Can strike with Travel 55–100 miles Caused by rain, Can result that is combined with little or no per hour earthquakes, from flooding up to 60 percent water. warning volcanoes, or changes to the land

IF YOU ARE UNDER A LANDSLIDE WARNING, FIND SAFE SHELTER RIGHT AWAY

Evacuate early to Listen for emergency avoid landslide risk. information and alerts.

Watch for signs Watch for flooding. of landslide. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A LANDSLIDE THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Know the landslide risk in your area. Monitor the area for signs of Listen to authorities to find out if it is Contact officials for information on potential slide activity. These safe to return. local landslide hazards. Ask whether can include cracks or bulges in Save phone calls for emergencies. here is a landslide map of your area the ground, street pavement, or t Phone systems are often down or how to get your property checked. sidewalks; soil moving away from or busy after a disaster. Use text foundations; tilting of patios or Learn about the types and signs of messages or social media to commu- foundations; broken water lines; or landslides common in your area. nicate with family and friends. leaning telephone poles, trees, walls, Sign up for your community’s or fences. Stay away from downed power lines warning system. The Emergency Alert and report them immediately. Evacuate an area immediately after System (EAS) and National Oceanic authorities tell you to. Signs of a and Atmospheric Administration landslide may not be visible, but the (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide danger still exists. emergency alerts. Watch for flooding. Floods Know your community’s landslide sometimes follow landslides evacuation plans. Practice driving because they may be started by the evacuation routes and identify same event. shelter locations. Listen to EAS, NOAA Weather Gather supplies in case you have to Radio, or local alerting systems leave immediately or if services are for current emergency information cut off. Keep in mind each person’s and instructions. specific needs, including medication. Do not forget the needs of pets. Avoid building in areas at risk for a landslide, such as steep slopes or property close to cliffs, or near drainage ways or streams. Plant ground cover and build walls to Take an Active Role direct the mudflow around buildings. in Your Safety Keep important documents in a safe place. Create password-protected Go to Ready.gov and search digital copies. for landslide. Download the Review insurance coverage. FEMA app to get Landslide damage may not be more information about covered. preparing for a landslide.

FEMA P-2143 Catalog No. 17233-8 BE PREPARED FOR A NOVEL

A novel (new) virus, like Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), can emerge from anywhere and quickly spread around the world. It is hard to

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 predict when or where the next novel pandemic will emerge.

A pandemic is a that spans several countries and affects a large number of people. May be May be spread May be spread A vaccine, testing, or treatment are most often caused spread indirectly. Germs by people who for the disease may not exist by viruses, like directly from can pass from a are infected right away. It may take months COVID-19, which can person to non-living object but don’t or years for the majority of the easily spread from person. to a person. have any world to become immune to person to person. symptoms. the disease.

IF A NOVEL PANDEMIC IS DECLARED

Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 Clean and disinfect high- seconds and try not to touch touch objects and surfaces. your eyes, nose, and mouth.

Keep a distance of at least Stay at home as much as six feet between yourself 6 feet possible to prevent the and people who are not spread of disease. part of your household.

Follow the guidance of the Cover your mouth and nose Centers for Disease Control with a mask when in public. and Prevention (CDC) and local authorities. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A PANDEMIC THREATENS

Stay Prepare Healthy Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Learn how diseases spread to help Follow the latest guidelines from the CDC and Continue taking protective actions, protect yourself and others. state and local authorities to prevent the spread of like: disease. Refer to your local and state public health Take actions to prevent the spread • Staying home when you are sick departments for vaccine and testing updates. of disease. Cover coughs and (except to get medical care). sneezes. Stay home when sick Maintain good personal health habits and public • Following the guidance of your (except to get medical care). health practices. Proper handwashing and health care provider. Wash hands with soap and water disinfecting surfaces help to slow the spread for at least 20 seconds. of disease. If soap and water are not available, • Covering coughs and sneezes use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60 with a tissue. Plan for schools, workplaces, and percent alcohol. • Washing your hands with community centers to be closed. soap and water for at least 20 Investigate and prepare for virtual Limit close, face-to-face contact with others. coordination for school, work Stay at home as much as possible to prevent seconds. (telework), and social activities. the spread of disease. Follow guidance on the re-opening of businesses, schools, community- Create an emergency plan so that If you believe you’ve been exposed to the disease, you and your family know what to contact your doctor, follow the quarantine based organizations, houses of do and what you will need in case instructions from medical providers, and worship, and workplaces. an outbreak happens. Consider monitor your symptoms. If you’re experiencing Be sure to evaluate your family how a pandemic may affect your a medical emergency, call 9-1-1 and shelter in emergency plan and make timely plans for other emergencies. place with a mask, if possible, until help arrives. updates. Gather supplies in case you Practice social distancing while in public. Keep Work with your community to talk need to stay home for several a distance of at least six feet between yourself about the lessons you learned from days or weeks. Supplies may and people who are not part of your household. the pandemic. Decide how you can include cleaning supplies, non- Avoid crowds and large groups of people. use these experiences to be more perishable foods, prescriptions, prepared for future pandemics. Share accurate information about the disease and bottled water. Buy supplies with friends, family, and people on social media. slowly to ensure that everyone Sharing bad information about the disease or has the opportunity to buy what treatments for the disease may have serious Take an Active Role they need. Remember that not health outcomes. Remember that stigma hurts everyone can afford to stock up everyone and can cause discrimination against in Your Safety immediately. Consider avoiding people, places, or nations. WIC-labeled products so that Go to Ready.gov and search those who rely on these products Know that it’s normal to feel anxious or stressed. for novel pandemic and 12 can access them. Engage virtually with your community through Ways to Prepare to learn video and phone calls. Take care of your body more about how to help you Review your health insurance and talk to someone if you are feeling upset. and your family prepare for a to understand what they policies disaster. Download the FEMA cover, including telemedicine app to get more information options. about preparing for a novel Create password-protected digital pandemic. Sign up for the copies of important documents Centers for Disease Control and store in a safe place. Watch and Prevention subscription out for scams and fraud. services. FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A NUCLEAR EXPLOSION Nuclear explosions can cause significant damage and casualties from blast, heat, and radiation but you can keep your family safe by knowing what to do and being FEMA P-2143/November 2020 prepared if it occurs.

A nuclear weapon is a device that uses a nuclear reaction to create an explosion.

Bright FLASH BLAST WAVE RADIATION FIRE AND HEAT ELECTROMAGNETIC FALLOUT Nuclear devices range from a small can cause can cause can damage can cause death, PULSE (EMP) is radioactive, portable device carried by an individual temporary death, injury, cells of the burn injuries, can damage visible dirt and to a weapon carried by a missile. blindness for and damage body. Large and damage electronics several debris raining less than a to structures exposures can to structures miles out from the down that can minute. several miles out cause radiation several miles detonation and cause cause sickness to from the blast. sickness. out. temporary disruptions those who are A nuclear explosion may occur with a few further out. outside. minutes warning or without warning.

Fallout is most dangerous in the first few hours after the detonation when it is giving off the highest levels of radiation. It takes time for fallout to arrive back to ground level, often more than 15 minutes for areas outside of the immediate blast damage zones. This is enough time for you to be able to prevent significant radiation exposure by following these simple steps:

GET INSIDE STAY INSIDE STAY TUNED

Tune into any media available for Get inside the nearest building to Stay inside for 24 hours unless official information such as when avoid radiation. Brick or concrete are local authorities provide other it is safe to exit and where you best. instructions. should go.

Remove contaminated clothing and Family should stay where they are Battery operated and hand crank wipe off or wash unprotected skin inside. Reunite later to avoid exposure radios will function after a nuclear if you were outside after the fallout to dangerous radiation. detonation. arrived.

Go to the basement or middle of the Cell phone, text messaging, building. Stay away from the outer Keep your pets inside. television, and internet services may walls and roof. be disrupted or unavailable. HOW TO STAY SAFE IN THE EVENT OF A NUCLEAR EXPLOSION

WHAT TO DO: WHAT TO DO: WHAT TO DO: NOW DURING AFTER Prepare Survive Be Safe

Identify shelter locations. Identify the best If warned of an imminent attack, Immediately after you are inside shelter, if shelter location near where you spend a lot immediately get inside the nearest you may have been outside after the fallout of time, such as home, work, and school. The building and move away from windows. arrived: best locations are underground and in the This will help provide protection from middle of larger buildings. the blast, heat, and radiation of the Remove your outer layer of contaminated detonation. clothing to remove fallout and radiation While commuting, identify appropriate from your body. shelters to seek in the event of a If you are outdoors when a detonation detonation. occurs take cover from the blast behind Take a shower or wash with soap and water anything that might offer protection. Lie to remove fallout from any skin or hair that Outdoor areas, vehicles and mobile homes face down to protect exposed skin from was not covered. If you cannot wash or do NOT provide adequate shelter. Look for the heat and flying debris. If you are in a shower, use a wipe or clean wet cloth to basements or the center of large multi-story vehicle, stop safely, and duck down within wipe any skin or hair that was not covered. buildings. the vehicle. Clean any pets that were outside after the Make sure you have an Emergency Supply After the shock wave passes, get inside the fallout arrived. Gently brush your pet’s coat Kit for places you frequent and might nearest, best shelter location for protection to remove any fallout particles and wash have to stay for 24 hours. It should include from potential fallout. You will have 10 your pet with soap and water, if available. bottled water, packaged foods, emergency minutes or more to find an adequate shelter. medicines, a hand-crank or battery- It is safe to eat or drink packaged food powered radio to get information in case Be inside before the fallout arrives. The items or items that were inside a building. power is out, a flashlight, and extra batteries highest outdoor radiation levels from Do not consume food or liquids that for essential items. If possible, store supplies fallout occur immediately after the fallout were outdoors uncovered and may be for three or more days. arrives and then decrease with time. contaminated by fallout.

Stay tuned for updated instructions from If you are sick or injured, listen for emergency response officials. If advised instructions on how and where to get to evacuate, listen for information about medical attention when authorities tell you it routes, shelters, and procedures. is safe to exit.

If you have evacuated, do not return until

FEMA P-2143 you are told it is safe to do so by local Catalog No. 17233-16 officials.

NOT SAFE Where to go in a Radiation SAFER Emergency Take an Active Role in Your Safety SAFEST Download the FEMA app to get more information about preparing for a nuclear explosion. Go to Ready.gov: https://www.ready.gov/nuclear-blast Go to the Centers for Disease Control: https://emergency.cdc.gov/radiation Go to Health & Human Services: https://www.remm.nlm.gov/nuclearexplosion.htm BE PREPARED FOR A POWER OUTAGE

Extended power outages may impact the whole community and the economy. FEMA P-2143/November 2020

A power outage is when the electrical power goes out unexpectedly. May disrupt May close retail businesses, Can cause food Can prevent communications, grocery stores, gas stations, spoilage, water use of medical water, transportation ATMs, banks, and other services contamination devices

PROTECT YOURSELF DURING A POWER OUTAGE

Disconnect appliances and Keep freezers and electronics to avoid damage refrigerators closed. from electrical surges.

Only use generators Use alternate plans for outdoors and away refrigerating medicines or power- from windows. dependent medical devices.

Do not use a gas stove If safe, go to an alternate to heat your home. location for heat or cooling.

Check on neighbors. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A POWER OUTAGE THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Take an inventory now of the items Keep freezers and refrigerators When in doubt, throw it out! Throw you need that rely on electricity. closed. The refrigerator will keep away any food that has been exposed food cold for about four hours. A full to temperatures 40 degrees or higher Talk to your medical provider about freezer will keep the temperature for for two hours or more, or that has an a power outage plan for medical about 48 hours. Use coolers with ice unusual odor, color, or texture. devices powered by electricity and if necessary. Monitor temperatures refrigerated medicines. Find out how with a thermometer. If the power is out for more than long medication can be stored at a day, discard any medication that higher temperatures and get specific Use food supplies that do not should be refrigerated, unless the guidance for any medications that are require refrigeration. drug’s label says otherwise. If a life critical for life. depends on the refrigerated drugs, Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. consult a doctor or pharmacist and Plan for batteries and other Generators, camp stoves, or charcoal use medicine only until a new supply alternatives to meet your needs grills should always be used outdoors is available. when the power goes out. and at least 20 feet away from windows. Never use a gas stovetop Sign up for local alerts and warning or oven to heat your home. systems. Monitor weather reports. Check on your neighbors. Older Install carbon monoxide detectors adults and young children are with battery backup in central especially vulnerable to extreme locations on every level of your home. temperatures.

Determine whether your home phone Go to a community location with will work in a power outage and how power if heat or cold is extreme. long battery backup will last. Turn off or disconnect appliances, Review the supplies that are equipment, or electronics. Power available in case of no power. Have may return with momentary “surges” flashlights with extra batteries for or “spikes” that can cause damage. every household member. Have Take an Active Role enough nonperishable food and in Your Safety water. Go to Ready.gov and Use a thermometer in the refrigerator search for power outage. and freezer so that you can know Download the FEMA app the temperature when the power to get more information is restored. about preparing for a power Keep mobile phones and other outage. electric equipment charged and gas FEMA P-2143 tanks full. BE PREPARED FOR A , LIGHTNING, OR

Lightning is a leading cause of injury and death from

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 weather-related hazards.

Thunderstorms are 50+ MPH dangerous storms that include lightning.

Include powerful winds Create lightning and hail Cause flash flooding and tornadoes

IF YOU ARE UNDER A THUNDERSTORM WARNING, FIND SAFE SHELTER RIGHT AWAY

When thunder roars, Pay attention to alerts go indoors. and warnings.

Move from outdoors Unplug appliances. into a building or car.

Do not use landline phones. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A THUNDERSTORM THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Know your area’s risk of When thunder roars, go indoors. A Listen to authorities and weather . They can occur sturdy building is the safest place to forecasts for information on year-round and at any hour. be during a thunderstorm. whether it is safe to go outside and instructions regarding potential Sign up for your community’s Pay attention to weather reports and flash flooding. warning system. The Emergency warnings of thunderstorms. Be ready Alert System (EAS) and National to change plans, if necessary, to be Watch for fallen power lines and Oceanic and Atmospheric near shelter. trees. Report them immediately. Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide When you receive a thunderstorm emergency alerts. warning or hear thunder, go inside immediately. Identify sturdy buildings close to where you live, work, study, If indoors, avoid running water or and play. using landline phones. Electricity can travel through plumbing and Cut down or trim trees that may phone lines. be in danger of falling on your home. Protect your property. Unplug appliances and other electric devices. Consider buying surge protectors, lightning rods, or a If boating or swimming, get to land lightning protection system to and find a sturdy, grounded shelter or protect your home, appliances, vehicle immediately. and electronic devices. If necessary, take shelter in a car Secure outside furniture. with a metal top and sides. Do not touch anything metal.

Avoid flooded roadways. Turn Take an Active Role Around Don’t Drown®. Just six inches in Your Safety of fast-moving water can knock you down, and one foot of moving water Go to Ready.gov and can sweep your vehicle away. search for thunderstorm, lightning, or hail. Download the FEMA app to get more information about preparing for thunderstorm, lightning, or hail.

FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A

Tornadoes can destroy buildings, flip cars, and create

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 deadly flying debris.

Tornadoes are violently rotating 200+ MPH columns of air that extend from a thunderstorm to the ground. Can happen anytime Bring intense winds Can happen anywhere Look like funnels

IF YOU ARE UNDER A TORNADO WARNING, FIND SAFE SHELTER RIGHT AWAY

Go to a safe room, If you can safely get to a sturdy basement, or storm cellar. building, do so immediately.

If there is no basement, 1 Do not get under an overpass get to a small, interior room or bridge. You’re safer in a low, on the lowest level. flat location.

Stay away from windows, Watch out for flying debris that doors, and outside walls. can cause injury or death.

Use your arms to protect your head and neck. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A TORNADO THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Know your area’s tornado risk. In the Immediately go to a safe location Keep listening to EAS, NOAA U.S., the Midwest and the Southeast that you identified. Weather Radio, and local authorities have a greater risk for tornadoes. for updated information. Take additional cover by shielding Know the signs of a tornado, your head and neck with your If you are trapped, cover your including a rotating funnel-shaped arms and putting materials such as mouth with a cloth or mask to avoid cloud, an approaching cloud of furniture and blankets around you. breathing dust. Try to send a text, debris, or a loud roar—similar to a bang on a pipe or wall, or use a freight train. Listen to EAS, NOAA Weather whistle instead of shouting. Radio, or local alerting systems for Sign up for your community’s current emergency information and Stay clear of fallen power lines or warning system. The Emergency Alert instructions. broken utility lines. System (EAS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Do not try to outrun a tornado in Do not enter damaged buildings until (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide a vehicle. you are told that they are safe. emergency alerts. If your community has sirens, become familiar with the If you are in a car or outdoors and Save your phone calls for warning tone. cannot get to a building, cover your emergencies. Phone systems are head and neck with your arms and often down or busy after a disaster. Pay attention to weather reports. cover your body with a coat or Use text messaging or social media to Meteorologists can predict when blanket, if possible. communicate with family and friends. conditions might be right for a tornado. Be careful during clean-up. Wear thick-soled shoes, long pants, and Identify and practice going to a work gloves. safe shelter for high winds, such as a safe room built using FEMA criteria or a storm shelter built to ICC 500 standards. The next best protection is a small, interior, windowless room in a sturdy building on the lowest level. Take an Active Role Consider constructing a safe in Your Safety room that meets FEMA or ICC 500 standards. Go to ready.gov and search for tornado. Download the FEMA app to get more information about preparing for a tornado. Find Emergency Safety Tips under Prepare. FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A

A tsunami can kill or injure people and damage or destroy buildings and infrastructure as waves

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 come in and go out.

20-30 A tsunami is a series of mph enormous ocean waves caused by earthquakes, Travels 20–30 miles Causes flooding and creates Can happen anywhere along underwater landslides, per hour with waves problems with transportation, U.S. coasts; coasts that border volcanic eruptions, 10–100 feet high power, communications, and the Pacific Ocean or Caribbean or asteroids. drinking water have the greatest risk

IF YOU ARE UNDER A TSUNAMI WARNING

DROP COVER HOLD ON

If caused by an earthquake, Drop, Cover, and Hold On to protect yourself from the earthquake first.

Get to high ground as far Listen to emergency inland as possible. information and alerts.

Evacuate: DO NOT wait! Leave Be alert to signs of a tsunami, when you see any natural signs such as a sudden rise or of a tsunami OR hear an official draining of ocean waters. tsunami warning.

If you are in a boat, go out to sea. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A TSUNAMI THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

If you live near or visit a coastal If you are in a tsunami area and Listen to local alerts and authorities area, learn about the tsunami risk. there is an earthquake, first protect for information on areas to avoid and Some at-risk communities have yourself from the earthquake. Drop, shelter locations. maps with evacuation zones and Cover, and Hold On. Drop to your Avoid wading in floodwater, which hands and knees. Cover your head routes. If you are a visitor, ask about can contain dangerous debris. Water emergency plans. and neck with your arms. Hold on to community may be deeper than it appears. any sturdy furniture until the shaking Learn the signs of a potential stops. Crawl only if you can reach Be aware of the risk of electrocution. tsunami, such as an earthquake, a better cover, but do not go through Underground or downed power lines loud roar from the ocean, or unusual an area with more debris. can electrically charge water. Do not ocean behavior, such as a sudden rise touch electrical equipment if it is wet or wall of water or sudden draining When the shaking stops, if there is or if you are standing in water. showing the ocean floor. a warning, either natural signs or an official warning, move immediately to Stay away from damaged buildings, Know and practice community a safe place as high and as far inland roads, and bridges. evacuation plans and map out your as possible. Listen to the authorities, routes from home, work, and play. Document property damage with but do not wait for tsunami warnings Pick shelters 100 feet or more above photographs. Conduct an inventory and evacuation orders. sea level or at least one mile inland. and contact your insurance company If you are outside of the tsunami for assistance. Create a family emergency hazard zone and receive a warning, communication plan that has an Save phone calls for emergencies. stay where you are unless officials tell out-of-state contact. Plan where to Phone systems are often down or busy you otherwise. meet if you get separated. after a disaster. Use text messages Leave immediately if you are told to or social media to communicate with Sign up for your community’s do so. Evacuation routes are often family and friends. warning system. The Emergency Alert marked by a wave with an arrow in System (EAS) and National Oceanic the direction of higher ground. and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide If you are in the water, grab onto emergency alerts. something that floats, such as a raft, tree trunk, or door. Consider earthquake insurance and Take an Active Role a flood insurance policy through the If you are in a boat, face the direction in Your Safety National Flood Insurance Program of the waves and head out to sea. If (NFIP). Standard homeowner’s you are in a harbor, go inland. Go to Ready.gov and search insurance does not cover flood or for tsunami. Download the earthquake damage. FEMA app to get more information about preparing for a tsunami.

FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A VOLCANO

A volcanic eruption may release acid, gases, rocks, and ash into the air. Lava and debris can flow at up to 100 mph, destroying everything in their path. FEMA P-2143/November 2020

A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust that allows molten rock, gases, and Alaska, Hawaii, California, can Can contaminate Can create smog and harmful debris to escape and Oregon have the most travel 100s of water supplies, gases that threaten low- to the surface. active volcanoes, but other miles and cause damage lying areas, make it hard to states and territories have severe health machinery, and breathe, and irritate the skin, active volcanoes, too problems reduce visibility eyes, nose, and throat

IF YOU ARE UNDER A VOLCANO WARNING

Listen for emergency Avoid areas downstream information and alerts. of the eruption.

Follow evacuation Protect yourself from or shelter orders. If falling ash. advised, evacuate early.

Do not drive in heavy ash fall. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A VOLCANO THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Know your area’s risk from Listen to alerts. The VNS provides Listen to authorities to find out volcanic eruption. up-to-date information about whether it is safe to return. eruptions. Ask local Send text messages or use social for evacuation and shelter plans and Follow evacuation orders from local media to reach out to family and for potential protections from ash. authorities. Evacuate early. friends. Phone systems are often busy after a disaster. Only make Learn about community warning Avoid areas downwind and river emergency calls. systems. The Volcano Notification valleys downstream of the volcano. Service (VNS) is a free service that Rubble and ash will be carried by Avoid driving in heavy ash. Driving sends notifications about volcanic wind and gravity. will stir up volcanic ash that can clog activity. Sign up for alerts at engines and stall vehicles. https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/vns2/. Take temporary shelter from volcanic ash where you are if you have If you have any breathing problems, Get needed supplies in case you enough supplies. Cover ventilation avoid contact with ash. Stay indoors have to evacuate immediately or if openings and seal doors and until authorities say it is safe to services are cut off. Keep in mind each windows. go outside. person’s specific needs, including medication. Do not forget the needs If outside, protect yourself from Do not get on your roof to remove of pets. falling ash that can irritate skin and ash unless you have guidance or injure breathing passages, eyes, and training. If you have to remove Consult your doctor if you have open wounds. ash, be very careful as ash makes existing respiratory difficulties. surfaces slippery. Be careful not Avoid driving in heavy ash fall. If you to add additional weight onto an Practice a communication and must drive, use headlights and drive overloaded roof. evacuation plan with everyone in slowly. your family.

Have a shelter-in-place plan if your Take an Active Role in Your Safety biggest risk is from ash. Go to ready.gov and search for volcano. Download the FEMA app to get more information about preparing for a Keep important documents in a safe place. Create password-protected volcano. Find Emergency Safety Tips under Prepare. For digital copies. additional resources, go to the USGS Volcano Hazards Program page at https://volcanoes.usgs.gov. Find out what your homeowner’s insurance policy will cover when a volcano erupts.

FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A

Wildfires can ruin homes and cause injuries or death to people and animals.

FEMA P-2143/November 2020

A wildfire is an unplanned fire that burns in a natural area such as a forest, Often caused by Can cause flooding or Can damage your Can happen anywhere, grassland, or humans or lightning. create problems with property. Set up anytime. Risk increases prairie. transportation, gas, defense zones to with little rain and high power, and protect your home. winds. communications.

IF YOU ARE UNDER A WILDFIRE WARNING, GET TO SAFETY RIGHT AWAY

Listen for emergency Leave if told to do so. information and alerts.

Use an N95 mask to keep If trapped, call 911. particles out of the air you breathe. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A WILDFIRE THREATENS

Prepare Survive Be Safe NOW DURING AFTER

Sign up for your community’s Evacuate. Leave immediately if Listen to authorities to find out if it warning system. The Emergency authorities tell you to do so. is safe to return and whether water is Alert System (EAS) and National safe to drink. Oceanic and Atmospheric If trapped, call 911 and give Administration (NOAA) Weather your location, but be aware that Avoid hot ash, charred trees, Radio also provide emergency alerts. emergency response could be smoldering debris, and live embers. delayed or impossible. Turn on lights The ground may contain heat pockets Know your community’s evacuation to help people find you. that can burn you or spark another routes and find several ways to leave fire. Consider the danger to pets the area. Drive the evacuation routes Listen to EAS, NOAA Weather and livestock walking the ground. and find shelter locations. Have a plan Radio, or local alerting systems for pets and livestock. for current emergency information Send text messages or use social and instructions. media to reach out to family and Gather emergency supplies, friends. Phone systems are often busy including N95 respirator masks Use an N95 mask to keep particles following a disaster. Make calls only in that filter out particles in the air you out of the air you breathe. emergencies. breathe. Keep in mind each person’s specific needs, including medication. Document property damage with Don’t forget the needs of pets. photographs. Conduct an inventory and contact your insurance company Keep important documents in for assistance. a fireproof safe. Create password- protected digital copies.

Use fire-resistant materials to build, renovate, or make repairs.

Find an outdoor water source with a hose that can reach any area of your property. Take an Active Role Create a fire-resistant zone that is in Your Safety free of leaves, debris, or flammable materials for at least 30 feet from Go to Ready.gov and search your home. for wildfire. Download the FEMA app to get Review insurance coverage to more information about make sure it is enough to replace preparing for a wildfire. your property.

FEMA P-2143 BE PREPARED FOR A

Winter storms create a higher risk of car , hypothermia, frostbite, carbon monoxide poisoning, and heart

FEMA P-2143/November 2020 attacks from overexertion.

Winter storms and can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice, and high winds. Greater risk Can last a few hours Can knock out heat, power, or several days and communication services

IF YOU ARE UNDER A WINTER STORM WARNING, FIND SHELTER RIGHT AWAY

Use generators Stay off roads. outside only.

Stay indoors and Listen for emergency dress warmly. information and alerts.

Prepare for Look for signs of hypothermia power outages. and frostbite.

Check on neighbors. HOW TO STAY SAFE WHEN A WINTER STORM THREATENS

Prepare Survive Recognize NOW DURING +RESPOND

Know your area’s risk for winter Stay off roads if at all possible. If Frostbite causes loss of feeling and storms. Extreme winter weather can trapped in your car, stay inside. color around the face, fingers, and toes. leave communities without utilities or other services for long periods Limit your time outside. If you need • Signs: Numbness, white or of time. to go outside, wear layers of warm grayish-yellow skin, and firm or clothing. Watch for signs of frostbite waxy skin. Prepare your home to keep out the and hypothermia. • Actions: Go to a warm room. cold with insulation, caulking, and Soak in warm water. Use body Learn how to keep Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. weather stripping. heat to warm. Do not massage pipes from freezing. Install and test Only use generators and grills or use a heating pad. smoke alarms and carbon monoxide outdoors and away from windows. detectors with battery backups. Never heat your home with a gas Hypothermia is an unusually low body stovetop or oven. temperature. A temperature below Pay attention to weather reports 95 degrees is an emergency. and warnings of freezing weather Reduce the risk of a heart and winter storms. Sign up for your attack. Avoid overexertion when • Signs: Shivering, exhaustion, community’s warning system. The shoveling snow. confusion, fumbling hands, Emergency Alert System (EAS) and memory loss, slurred speech, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Watch for signs of frostbite and drowsiness. hypothermia and begin treatment Administration (NOAA) Weather Go to a warm room. right away. • Actions: Radio also provide emergency alerts. Warm the center of the body first—chest, neck, head, and Gather supplies in case you need to Check on neighbors. Older adults and young children are more at risk groin. Keep dry and wrapped up stay home for several days without in warm blankets, including the Keep in mind each person’s in extreme cold. power. head and neck. specific needs, including medication. Do not forget the needs of pets. Have extra batteries for radios and flashlights. Create an emergency supply kit for Take an Active Role your car. Include jumper cables, sand, a flashlight, warm clothes, blankets, in Your Safety bottled water, and non-perishable Go to Ready.gov and snacks. Keep the gas tank full. search for winter storm. Learn the signs of and basic Download the FEMA app treatments for frostbite and to get more information hypothermia. For more information, about preparing for a winter visit: www.cdc.gov/disasters/winter/ storm. FEMA P-2143 staysafe/index.html. Catalog No. 17233-15