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Friday!!

 Remember: DBQ and Journal Check on Tuesday  DBQ: , and was it an effective movement? FYI- make sure to check out stuff about child labor (laws and such)  You must complete all journal entries to get credit!

 The weekend is almost here!! Last night’s reading…

 Talked about “OVER HERE”- America during WWI

 Depending on how much time we have today, we will look at some stuff with that- if we don’t have time- you can check it out on my website if you’d like! America Enters WWI

#14 WWI- A New Kind of April 2, 1917

 We declare war on (and therefore the )

 Things are not looking good for the Allies  and Germany had signed a separate (11/1917)  Allies were losing supplies, were happening… ahhh!!!

 The US is NOT ready for war!

How “not ready” are we?

 In our Army we had:  200,000 officers and men  300,000 old  55 out-of-date  2 field radio sets  Last experience? Chasing Pancho Villa around Mexico… we didn’t catch him… So we get ready!

 John J. “ Jack” Pershing

 Lead the American Expeditionary Forces  Selective Service Act

 The draft!  Registered all men between 21-30

says it’s not really a draft, but a “selection from a nation which has volunteered in mass.”

 Black and white men are drafted

 4 African American regiments were among the first sent into action  No black soldiers were allowed to march in victory celebrations that will take place in (at the end of the war) America’s Role

 1st American soldiers reached in  First action for American soldiers will be in  In several the Americans halt German aggression and drive them into retreat  Fresh, enthusiastic troops raised morale and helped turn the tide!

America’s Sacrifice

 48,909 dead and 230,000 wounded

 Total (including loss to disease): 112,000

 Although tragic, it is much less than countries that had been fighting for years 7 elements!

Write the

Describe this element of trench warfare If you are not in class today- this 2 links will help you fill out your chart about the trenches!

 http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/tre nchlife.htm

 http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch 1_trench.html

Trench Warfare Trench Warfare – type of fighting during I in which both sides dug trenches protected by mines and

Cross- of a -line trench

This captured section of German trench helps explain why the initial British did little to weaken the . Much deeper than the British trenches, the German trench system offered amenities such as barber shops and officer clubs.

How to build trenches under IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF TRENCH WARFARE 1. TRENCH CYCLE

2.BOREDOM! 3. NO MAN’S LAND!

4. DAILY DEATH

French soldiers firing over their own dead 5. SMELL! And GAS!

Soldiers digging trenches while protected against gas attacks GAS

Country Casualties Deaths 60,000 4,627 USA  First used by the 72,807 1,462 - 100,000 French () 3,000  BRITISH 188,706 Germans were 8,109 the first to use FRANCE 190,000 8,000 poisonous gas GERMANY 200,000 9,000 RUSSIA 419,340 56,000 OTHER 10,000 1,000 DIARY ENTRY of Anthony Hossack on THE FIRST GAS 6. FROGS, LICE AND WORSE!!

Australian ambulance workers transporting men suffering from trench foot to hospital. A photograph of a man suffering from trench foot. 7.RATS! Trench Rats Many men killed in the trenches were buried almost where they fell. These , as well as the food scraps that littered the trenches, attracted rats.

Quotes from soldiers fighting in the trenches:

"The rats were huge. They were so big they would eat a wounded man if he couldn't defend himself."

"I saw some rats running from under the dead men's greatcoats, enormous rats, fat with flesh. My heart pounded as we edged towards one of the bodies. His had rolled off. The man displayed a grimacing face, stripped of flesh; the skull bare, the eyes devoured and from the yawning mouth leapt a rat."  http://www.history.com/topics/world-war- i/photos#videos

 WWI firsts and Trench Warfare clips