THte AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL

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PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION

VOL. V, No. 7 WASHINGTON, D. C. JULY, 1928 Cape Breton

By O. GAYLORD MARSH, Consul, Sydney, N. S. IT IS the personal privilege, if not the official A day and centuries pass while we take a point duty, of every Foreign Service Officer to have of vantage on the eastern coast where an obscure as a fad the first-hand study of the history of rift opens in the fog. On the great banks, middle the various countries to which his career may take grounds, and inner shoals we dimly see rude him. And fortunate, indeed, in this respect, is boats of sturdy fishers of cod in the region of the the consular officer who may be assigned to Syd¬ Terra de Bacallaos. In stress of weather they ney, in the picturesque and park-like Island of harbor in Spanish Bay (now Sydney), and they Gape Breton, which is so redolent with historical sometimes kidnap and carry away labradores interest bearing on the discovery, exploration, (Indian laborers) from (which for¬ conquest, and development of the New World, merly included Cape Breton and which the French and so endowed geographically as an arena for here gallicized into La Bras d’or). These fisher¬ making history in science, communication, and men are the Basques. They have named the transportation. eastern point from Cape Breton near Bayonne in The early history of Cape Breton was the his¬ the region whence they come, and perhaps it is tory of the continent. It is an old story, but yet from their unwritten accounts that Columbus an interesting story. The more recent history of will later learn of a land beyond the “Sea of the island is swallowed up in a larger history. Darkness.” But the fog thickens again, and we The future is pregnant with possibilities. By make our way to the northward anon. personal presence I have found the whole in¬ At Cape North, on a brightly clearing day four triguing, and I should like to share my interest centuries aback, we take another post of vantage by inviting you to make a hurried journey with at a sheer 1,200 feet above the ocean. Here, me about the island, and to make a swift imagi¬ from the Terra Primum Vista, we see approach¬ native flight with me down through the centuries. ing the continent John and Sebastian Cabot, Let us then first visit the southeastern coast whose little ship Matthew is “sometimes stayed” and view the yet virgin forests of fir and cedar. on her course by schools of cod. The continent Turning back a thousand years we find ourselves is now discovered to history, the fog of obscurity has raised, and we greet here and there on shore, in the Marldand, or Woodland, of the Icelandic under the clear light of the soft blue Cape Breton Saga, and we see the grotesque Viking gallevs sky, a long list of notable explorers and historical plying those coasts and taking timber for the characters; viz. Verazano, Cartier, Roberval, Gil¬ vessels and domestic uses of the Norsemen of bert, Champlain, et al. Iceland and their outposts in Greenland. But a Out of discovery and exploration there grow fog from the dark Atlantic sweeps in to inter¬ claims, conflicting interests, and bloodshed. The cept our view and dim our imagination. Spaniards find no gold and silver, and only dis- 205 appointedly chicle (it is said) the Indians with pied garrison in an icebound harbor. But now the word “aca nada” (nothing here), which the there is stir of the elements and an excitement of Indians repeat to newcomers as “ca nada,” thus soldiery. Strange warships are seen to pass and suggesting (perhaps) a name for a dominion. repass. The white sails of 90 transports appear But the French and English struggle forward to in Gabarus Bay. It is Warren with a British final battle at Louisburg for a more substantial fleet and Colonel Pepperrell with his 4,000 un¬ something—Empire. trained New England volunteers. Over devious trails of unspoiled natural beauty, The colonial troops land at Freshwater Cove, and through a panorama of two and a half cen¬ successively advancing fascine batteries open fire turies of pathetic strife in a land large enough on the West Gate, and scouting parties mislead for peaceful occupation by three races but too the enemy regarding the actual position of the small for government by more than one, we main attacking army. The Dauphin Bastion at arrive at Louisburg and take position near Light¬ West Gate weakens; the French fly in panic from house Point on a commanding hill that the French the unattacked Grand Battery, leaving guns and have failed to fortify, an omission that will cost ammunition; and the New Englanders haul them a continent. hidden French cannon from the bay, establish a Beneath us across a little bay we see the majes¬ battery at Lighthouse Point, and silence the tic fortification of Louisburg—the “Dunkirk of Island Battery. The rollicking New Englanders America,” covering a hundred acres, built at a banter the French, and one has even climbed a cost of 30,000,000 livres and 20 years of toil, con¬ flag pole in plain view at Grant Battery and taining formidable bastions named and arranged nailed up a red coat that he carried aloft in his in order of royal precedence, the pride and sup¬ teeth. French guns and ammunition, captured posed impregnable security of France in the New and discovered by the poorly equipped New Eng¬ World. landers, are hurling destruction into the fortifica¬ All has been peace and quiet at the great forti¬ tion. A concerted naval and land attack is fication, except for the impatience of the unoccu¬ planned, but the incompetent and despairing

CABOT’S TERRA PRIMUM VISTA FM*. u**. 206 French commander capitulates, delivering over the ochal voyage of aerial discovery of Europe, giving fort with its equipment and supplies and its 4,000 a reverse trend to our cycle and converting the occupants. continental Terra Primum Vista into the Terra Here the fate of France in the New World is Ultimum Vista. And now yet again we have to sealed, Anglo Saxon domination of North greet the passage of other explorers, who impart America is assured, and germination of the seed to our reversed cycle an accelerated momentum of American Revolution is started. But yet and give us a clue to our future course—Cham¬ other battles are to be fought. We pause then a . Byrd, and Brock. But a dense fog from few short years to witness the second battle of the Grand Banks again settles over us, obscuring Louisburg, fought by trained British regulars and our vision and dimming our imagination. So let interesting in that it follows the tactics of the us wait until another day. untrained colonials of the first battle and that General Wolfe here qualifies for later immor¬ tality at . ANOTHER TITLE FOR THE Through a brief but turbulent period of read¬ justment of American affairs we pass to the west¬ COUNCIL ward to Isle Madame, a refuge of banished “Lord Acadians, and witness across the hay, during the Consul of the U. S. of North Revolutionary War, a destructive visit by John America in Seville. Paul Jones—here a so-called swashbuckler, at Excellency home a hero. This modest servant of your Excellency During the next century we see attention di¬ connate in Nerva (Huelva), aged sixteen, has verted from Cape Breton and centered farther an uncle in Westwood, , and as the westward, but we have yet to visit some quiet only family he has is my own he wants me to be scenes of great significance. We witness the there with him. Therefore I expect of the kind¬ landing of the first Atlantic cable and see Mar¬ ness of your Excellency, shall concede me a per¬ coni at Table Head send his first wireless message mission to enter the U. S. in order to live with crackling across the Atlantic. And near the cen¬ my uncle there. ter of the Island we find Alexander Graham Bell Thanks prematurely of this humble servant of carrying on momentous scientific investigations, your Excellency. including experiments in aviation with the aid of (Signed) Glenn Curtis and Lieutenant Selfridge. But nearing the close of our journey through the Note: I expect that your Excellency shall par¬ past, we have to greet still other explorers, who don the unavoidable errors found in this request, use Sydney as a base for their voyages to the for 1 don't know the English language at all. Arctic—Admiral Peary and Commander Mc¬ Millan. Having completed a cycle—meeting at first and likewise near t h e end with explorers— shall we now return to the realms of our pres¬ ent day occupations, or shall we venture a .con¬ tinuance of our imagi¬ native flight into the uncertain future? No, neither just yet. For what is that disconcert¬ ing roar that comes from out the age-long quiet of Photo, Mcleod. the upper air? Lo! It SURF THROUGH WHICH THE NEW ENGLAND TROOPS is Lindbergh on his ep¬ LANDED AT LOUISBURG 207 EXAMINATION ON ECO¬ NOMIC AND COMMER¬ CIAL WORK Class of 1927-28 Important: Answer only eight of the following questions: 1. If you were assigned to establish a new con¬ sulate in some country in Europe, what sources of information would you expect to utilize in the preparation of (a) Reports. (h) Trade letters. 2. Name two kinds of voluntary reports of possible practical value and suggest the main topics to he treated in each. 3. Show the proper form in which the title page of a called-for report should be prepared when the report in question has been made by a subordinate officer. 4. State, in outline form, the essential points to be discussed in a trade letter. 5. What limitations are imposed by the Con¬ sular Regulations on replies to trade inquiries? 6. What is the object of the descriptive trade list required to be attached to replies to trade in¬ quiries and what data should it contain to be of value to the inquirer? 7. What is the importance of a World Trade rhoto Mcleoa Directory report? What use is made of it? THE BRAS D’OR LAKE ' - 8. State the number of copies (including the original) in which the following should reach the Department: (a) Reports of a commercial or economic nature. (b) Replies to specific trade inquiries. (c) Replies in regard to trade disputes. (d) Trade opportunities. (e) World Trade Directory reports. (f) Trade lists for the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 9. Name some of the obstacles encountered in regard to the importation of American goods into foreign countries. 10. Give an instance, real or imaginary, of trade protection and describe the action to be taken by you, were you the principal' consular officer in charge. 208 IDJEN, EAST JAVA shores of the lake. It is not a place one would care to linger for an indefinite length of time. By EDWARD M. GROTII, Consul, Sourabaya The latent forces of nature are everywhere ap¬ ON holidays one can get out of hot Soura¬ parent and one’s imagination does the rest. baya, and one of these week ends was spent in making a trip to the famous Idjen Plateau in East Java. The plateau is really the crater floor of a gigan¬ ANSWER IN AFFIRMATIVE tic volcano, the tires of which died in ages gone. My Lord, There are other such plateaus in Java, but the Although I am not deign to write to Your Idjen is the largest, and the last, traveling from Majesty, I have but the necessity to do so, for West to East. which I very humble beg to excuse me. The route from Sourabaya to the plateau tra¬ verses rich sugar country, along the north coast. I wish if it is possible to be occupied at your With the exception of a short climb over the office as a “writer” or any other job. Arak-Arak pass, between Besoeki and Bondo- 1 have the knowledge of English and Italian woso, the road lies through level country. About languages. a half hour out of Bondowoso the real climb I hope that Your Majestry will answer me in began. the affirmative—Good bye. An hour and a half brings one to the rim of the ancient crater from which point of vantage I beg to remain there is a splendid view of the plateau. The Sir, clouds were low, but fortunately, the afternoon believe me passed without rain. From the edge of the crater Your most humble the road winds down to the floor of the plateau itself, and there, at a place called Sempol, there and obedient servant. is a rather comfortable “passanggrahan” or Gov¬ ernment rest house. A small native village lies near the rest house. To-day, the 21st April, 1928. Most of the natives living on the plateau are To H. M employed by the several coffee estates. The General Consul for the U. S. of America. coffee grown on the Idjen Plateau is gen- nine Java and the finest to be had in Netherlands India. It is scarce and is always becoming more expensive. One spends the first night in Sempol, and early the following morning starts for the other side of the plateau to visit the famous Kawa Idjen, a splendid lake found in the crater of a volcano on the eastern edge of the plateau. The first hour and a half is through the high alang- alang grass, a hot and monotonous trip, but the last two hours of the trail lie through beautiful forests of tamarack pines. Finally, after three and a half hours walking and climbing, one ap¬ proaches the Kawa from above and the first view is breath-taking in its weird¬ ness. The crater walls are beautifully colored, but absolutely devoid of plant life. The lake itself is about a mile and a half long and a mile in width. The water is milky green in color, and has a large sulphuric acid content. Sulphur fumes rise from fumaroles on the distant LAKE KAWA IDJEN 209 ■JHE^lERICAN p OREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL.

GREAT OPEN SPACES his clothes are torn to shreds. Not hers, though (laughing, clever little She-Woman that she is) ! (A F. S. O. at a Mozne') Comes the Caption: “She titters at his tatters.” The He-Man meets the She-Woman out in the “Darling,” he calls pantingly as flapping shreds Great Open Spaces where such people are sup¬ reveal the muscles of a true He-Man. “I am real; posed to meet. it is but a case of mistaken identity!” “Are you really?” he ventures, grovelling, hat The She-Woman stopped; it seemed almost as in hand. though an automobile—or an idea—had struck “Why not?” she deigns, haughtily but adds, her. pouting: “TOM are not!” “Mistaken i-den-ti-ty?” the words were diffi¬ “Not what?” interpolates he, swelling his chest cult, repeated by these bee-stung lips. She gave six inches more than the ordinary abnormal. him a Bright Look, then suddenly “Not really!” sneers she, insulted. “You are “Oh, I can not think,” she sobbed, “I get more merely a movie myth.” and more vapid with every reel—And less real,” He fell on one knee and kissed the folds of she normaedf on “until Real Women will soon be her georgette. unable to recognize their little Movie She-Sister.” “Forgive me, little She-Woman,” he wilted. Sitting on the edge of the bed, she drew her¬ “I posture merely to make your impostures seem self together. “I must think,” she determined, more natural; I am frame to your picture.” “even with so little above the neck.” “Brute!” she retorted. Leaping from him, she Then the Great Light came to Her. slammed the door in the Gloria-Swanson man¬ “Mistaken identity!” she grasped. ner. “Oh he doesn’t realize,” she gished* and a glycerine tear fell on the pair of baby socks She did a Charleston. she had prepared for his breakfast. She hung Opening a Miami parasol under his Greek them reminiscently on the Hat-Rack. “He profile, she MaedJ playfully: “I, too, have de¬ doesn’t realize.,” she gished* again, “but how can ceived you as to my identity; I am really the he. when he isn’t real?” Queen of She-ba.” It is raining-raining; the thunder is almost He winched in the face of so much gloria. And audible. not only face. For the costume she now affected She relents and calls him from the arbor. represented $10,000 worth of pearls and $20,000 As they dodge from rose-bush to rose-bush, of open-work; then there was the big ti-ara-de- she the eternal Lure-On, he the Follow-After, boom-de-ay. And just as the sun went down “Even so,” he valentinoed, playing his trump card. “I can claim my She-ba, for I am really the King of He-ba.” She fainted. “Male and She-Male created He them!” flashes the witty Lady Caption Writer on a dissolving cloud. And the He-Man crushed the She- Woman to his hirsute chest consuming the rouge that mantled her lovely features. “My He-ro-Sheik!” she admitted (in his arms). “And you shall be my She-ro-heik!” he tuned in. softly. And doves (2) twittered in the apple¬ sauce. “THE END.” (If you believe in cap- tions.) M. P. D.

* Lillian, f Talmadge. LAKE KAWA ID JEN t Murray. 210 Roman Ruins in Northumberland

B\ DAVIS B. LEVIS, Vice Consul. Newcastle ALTHOUGH Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, quarians and scholars. The wall was a little over is usually associated by the outside world 73 miles long and extended from Wallsend on in connection with the coal trade, she has the Tyne to Bowness-on-Solway. It was about many claims upon the student and traveler which 8 feet thick, and was built of small stones, de¬ well entitle her to a prominent place in the roll signed to be handled by one man without the aid of famous ancient towns. The first history of of cranes, wagons or machines. The stones the town, published in 1649, calls Newcastle served as facing, the core being made of rubble ■“Ocellus, the eye of the north, the harth that and concrete. The parapet walk was about 12 warmth the south parts of the Kingdom with feet above the ground to which was added an fire—an Egypt to all the Shires of the north.” embattled parapet in front. This is still "true even as it was in the days of the The ditch in front of the wall was about 35 historian of Queen Elizabeth’s time, when the feet wide and 10 feet deep. The military way great event of her reign was the granting of the ran close behind the wall, linking up the mile “Great Charter of 1600” to Newcastle, though by- castles, turrets and forts. The forts were rec¬ Royal Charter in 1400 Newcastle was created a tangular structures housing regiments of 500 and county in itself. Newcastle-on-Tyne was a 1,000 men. Their ramparts were of earth with prosperous city before Birmingham, Liverpool or a stone outer facing and included barracks, a Manchester had entered the minds of man. headquarters building with a central courtyard for In the vanished past, hundreds of years be¬ the. commandant, workshops and granaries capa¬ fore the dates named, ancient Britons found the ble of feeding the garrison in case of siege. Out¬ steep hills a natural stronghold. Then the Romans side each fort was a bathhouse used by the men came and built a fortified camp on the site of the as a club and a regular village inhabited by their older fastness to better protect them from the Piets and Scots, the aboriginal inhabitants and wives and other dependents. Unofficial religions fierce barbarians of the north. Under the shelter were catered to by temples and shrines in these of this stronghold the Romans threw a bridge external villages. The wall is by far the strongest over the Tyne, and the station and the bridge and most elaborate of the Roman frontier works were called Pons Elii, taken from the family name of the Emperor Hadrian, the builder of the great Roman wall which stretched across Britain from the Tyne to the Solway. The Roma n wall has long been considered one of the most remark¬ able monuments in the British Isles, and the gen¬ eral public is now becoming inter¬ ested in what was for a long time the preserve of historians, a n t i- RUINS OF ROMAN FORTIFIED CAMP NEAR NEWCASTLE and differs from the German, Roumanian and remains. South of the fort was a temple of the Saharan frontiers in degree, but not in kind. Persian Sun-god Mithras, whose cult spread like Housesteads (Borcovicum), one of the largest wildfire among the Roman armies of the early Roman camps has been extensively excavated and centuries after Christ; his temples were artificial is of exceeding interest as can be imagined from caves underground, containing a stream of run¬ the views illustrating this sketch. Following ning water, and the Housesteads example was un¬ parts and traces of the wall along the beautiful usually productive of altars and other relics. upper reaches of the Tyne, passing through Cor- Many other strange gods were worshipped at bridge, the ancient Corstopitum, which was an Housesteads, some of Teutonic origin, imported important post in the second and third centuries, by the Tungrians from their Belgian home; the Chesters, the ancient C'ilurnim, we come to eighteenth century antiquaries saw the valley Housesteads, the most worthwhile camp to visit. south of the fort literally covered with inscribed The wall here is six feet high and in fine condi¬ and sculptured stones, many of which are now in tion. The fort has been dug out and is in good the Chesters or the Black Gate Museums. The repair. Housesteads sculptures in the Black Gate are re¬ As at Chesters, the headquarters building occu¬ markable, in some cases, for their artistic merit. pies the center of the fort and the same front There are some very especially beautiful statues courtyard with colonnade, back courtyard, and of the Mother Goddesses, who are always repre¬ range of five rooms; in the court a bunker of coal sented sitting, three abreast, with baskets of fruit was found; in one room a store of arrowheads. or grain in their laps. Five of these Mothers South of this is the commandant's house, north from Flousesteads are in the Black Gate, and the are the two granaries, side by side, with a medie¬ skill and taste of their workmanship give striking val kiln built into one. The rest of the buildings testimony to the state of civilization that existed are mostly barracks, workshops and stables. At here in the second century. the southeast corner are the latrines, and here The chronology of the various works men¬ ended the aqueduct that supplied the fort with tioned above is still in many points obscure, but water; at the north gate is a great stone water it is probable that most of the forts of the wall tank. The rampart, of which the earth backing were built about the beginning of Hadrian’s has been removed, and the gates and corner reign and a continuous wall was added to them towers, are the finest specimens of their kind on as an afterthought by his lieutenant, Aulus the wall. Surrounding the fort were numerous Platonious Nepos, who ruled Britain 122-126. It buildings; extensive suburbs on the south, and was Hadrian or his lieutenants that selected the baths on the east. The suburbs are remarkable Tyne-Solway line for fortification before he for the richness and variety of their religious visited Britain in person in 122 and by 126 the plan was complete and the Romans overran the lowlands. In 155, in 181 and again in 196 the ever watchful tribes of Scot¬ land inflicted great dam¬ age to the Roman armies and the wall was wrecked. The Emperor, Septimus Severus, came to Britain in person to attempt to conquer the Scots but the task was well-nigh impossible and after three years of fruitless campaigning died at York (211). Of the subsequent vicissitudes of the wall little is known. Some¬ RUINS OF ROMAN FORTIFIED CAMP NEAR NEWCASTLE time in the second half 212 of the third century it again suffered disaster and Too soon, too soon, the month has sped still another in the first half of the fourth; apart The fatal day is here, from these incidents it was held until late in the Vice Consul is a wreck, and clerk fourth century, when it seems to have been aban¬ Seeks courage in his beer. doned some time before the final severance of Britain from the Empire (410). Mr. Kipling, in The inspector is a visitador “Puck of Pook’s Hill,” has magnificently de¬ Who on perfection dotes, scribed how its garrison, weakened by Magnus He has been sent by the Department Maximus when he took the flower of the British To separate sheep from goats. Army to support his claim to the Imperial throne (.383) held out against overwhelming odds till, But blame to him can not attach after Maximus’ death, they were relieved by his His duty he must do, victor and successor, Theodosius. The testimony What will appear in his report of coins seems to show that the wall was held 1 flirts him as much as you. until 383 and thereafter abandoned or cut off from any source of coin supply and there is no Inspection o’er the time had come evidence that the wall was ever again held by a To talk of many things, Roman army after 383 and its history probably Of cities quaint, of good nose paint ends there. Living costs and wedding rings. Among the many mementoes of Northumbrian “Cheer up, my boy,” inspector says, early times—Roman, Saxon, and Norman—the “I would not look so glum, Roman wall is a most interesting reminder of the civilization of the vanished past of Britain. Carry on the work and do not shirk A transfer soon may come.” Vice Consul’s face turns ghastly pale He seems about to die, BEARING UP UNDER His figure slumps, he’s in the dumps ORDERS A tear stands in his eye. At a busy little post beneath “Oh, send me not away,” he begs, The tropic sun’s white glare, “To or Oslo, A Vice Consul, for these many months For reasons I’ll relate to you Has been charge d’affaires. I would be loath to go. He learns a lot alone its true “I’d miss the little scorpions There seems no cause for grief. And some that aren’t so small, But when the quarter’s end is nigh Who fight and play both night and day He longs for his old chief. In parlor, bath and hall; What’s in that bulky envelope— “The centipedes who frequently Good heavens! can it be ? Nip forehead, neck or arm— Alas, it IS the inspection form Should I decry their manners sly? Sections two and three. I’m sure they mean no harm. “I will arrive within a month “My thoughts would turn to Rosamund Be ready without fail.” Were 1 in places far, O cruel news to lurk within I’d wonder who is feeding her— The morning batch of mail. My pet tarantula. But stay—perhaps all is not lost “No pain ’twould cause to leave behind ’Tis futile the hair to tear, The mosquito family, Young Vice attacks without delay But to be fair, to this I’ll swear The lengthy questionnaire. The mosquitoes would miss me. Burning words urge on the clerk “My sixteen jars of quinine pills Full both of years and stout, So pleasant to the taste, “My trusty aid, 1 am afraid I ask you, Sir, must they become Our sins will find us out.” An economic waste? 213 “ ’Tis true that here no clubs are found Nor women, song or wine, Yet I can read the trade reports And go to bed at nine. “Ofttimes it is too hot to sleep And mosquitoes I must fight. I lie supine, and say out loud ‘How peaceful is the night.’ PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AMERICAN FOREIGN “What matter if I can not save SERVICE ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON. D. C. A peso from my pay? The American Foreign Service Journal is published monthly by the American Foreign Service Association, and is distributed It has been said that money tends by the Association to its members gratis. The Journal is also To lead young men astray. open to private subscription in the United States and abroad at the rate of $4.00 a year, or $5 cents a copy, payable to the “But hold—’tis not for me to choose American Foreign Service Journal, care Department of State, Whether I should go or stay, Washington, D. C. ’Twill naught avail to rant and wail— The purposes of the Journal are (1) to serve as an exchange among American Foreign Service officers for personal news and Say nothing and obey. for information and opinions respecting the proper discharge of “So if I’m sent from this dear post their functions, and to keep them in touch with business and administrative developments which are of moment to them; and Whose name begins with ‘C,’ (2) to disseminate information respecting the work of the And sail away perhaps to France, Foreign Service among interested persons in the United States, including business men and others having interests abroad, and To Holland or Italy ; young men who may be considering the foreign Service as a “I’ll steel my heart ’gainst vain laments career. Propaganda and articles of a tendentious nature, especially As a good soldier should, such as might be aimed to influence legislative, executive or I’ll not despair, my fate I’ll bear administrative action with respect to the Foreign Service, or the Department of State, are rigidly excluded from its columns. With Spartan fortitude.” Contributions should be addressed to the American Foreign —E. B. R. Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. Copyright, 1928, by the American Foreign Service Association REVELATIONS To the Consul CONTENTS The consulate of U. S. A. Dear Sir:—

PAGE Will you please to allow me to speak your Maj¬ CAPE BRETON—By 0. G. Marsh 205 esty to show me a list of the address of American firms in your location, for I want to apply a job EXAMINATION ON ECONOMIC WORK 208 in some American firms but lacks of introduction, and therefore. I cannot know the definate condi¬ IDJEN, EAST JAVA—By E. M. Groth 209 tion except your revelation. GREAT OPEN SPACES—By M. P. D 210 My name is K. W. S. twenty one years of age and single, I have been graduated from the middle ROMAN RUINS IN NORTHUMBERLAND—By school of the American instituted Christian Col¬ D. B. Levis 211 lege in which the college’s Diplomas were granted BEARING UP UNDER ORDERS—By E. B. R.. 214 under the authority of the Regents of the X—-— University. I have not yet obtained an employ¬ ITEMS 215 ment on account of the above reason and I pray that I can secure a job through your gracious ENGAGEMENTS 221 revelation. May I beg your Majesty to forgive MARRIAGES 221 me of my disturbing of your business? Moreover, I am very desirous of, if you please, BIRTHS 222 introducing me to he an apprentice in any firm NECROLOGY 222 so that I may have the opportunity to condicate the vacancy in future as if possible. FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES 224 I have the honor to subscribe myself most respectfully, COMMERCIAL 224 Your obedient servant, MRS. ROGERS’ SECOND BILL 226 K. W. S. 214 PRESIDENT COOLIDGE has accepted the Ambassador Houghton, London, has been in resignation of the Undersecretary, Mr. R. E. the United States on a brief business visit. Olds, to take effect on , 1928. An¬ nouncement has been made by the State Depart¬ ment that Mr. Olds will become associated with The Secretary of State has sent the following the international law firm of Sullivan & Cromwell letter to Consul General William Henry Robert¬ of . son, who is to retire on July 1, 1928. President Coolidge, in accepting the resigna- June 5, 1928. iton, said: MY DEAR MR. ROBERTSON: MY DEAR MR. OLDS: In view of your approaching retirement, I de¬ It is with sincere regret that I receive and sire to take this occasion to express to you the accept your resignation of the post of Under¬ appreciation and thanks of the Department for secretary of State effective as of July 1, next. the many years of loyal and conspicuous service Knowing as I do of the sacrifices you have made which you have given the Government. Few in remaining in the service of the Government I Foreign Service Officers have served as long, as am doubly appreciative of the fine work you have successfully, and at as many important posts. done and the important accomplishments which During your service of over 30 years you have are a part of your record in the Department. represented the United States on four continents I wish you every success in your new field and and have discharged with distinction a wide I trust that the coming years may be both pleas¬ variety of responsible and often delicate duties. ant and profitable. Your record is one upon which you can justly Very truly yours, look hack with pride and it is with deep regret . that the Department will lose the services of an outstanding officer whose original entry into the Mr. Olds is a former law partner of Secretary Service dates back to 1885. Kellogg. During and after the World War he With every good wish for the future welfare was one of the directing heads of the American and happiness of Mrs. Robertson and yourself, I Red Cross here and in Europe. He came to the am, my dear Mr. Robertson, State Department as Assistant Secretary on Oc¬ tober 1, 1925, and last year was made Under¬ Very sincerely yours, secretary. (Signed) FRANK B. KELLOGG,

Ambassador to Chile, William Miller Collier, has resigned. Mr. Collier has been Ambassador Mr. Sumner Welles, formerly in the Diplomatic to Chile for seven years. He served as president Service, has written a book which is to be pub¬ of George Washington University from 1917 to lished in the autumn by Payson and Clarke. It is 1921. He also served as Special Assistant Attor¬ called “Naboth’s Vinyard, the Dominican Repub¬ ney General, assigned to the Department of Com¬ lic, 1844-1924,” and deals with the history of merce, and later was appointed solicitor assigned Santo Domingo and its relation to our policies in to the Department of Commerce and Labor. Latin America. It’s a subject upon which he should speak with authority, for Mr. Welles was once chief of the Latin American Division of the Counselor of Embassy at Berlin, DeWitt C. Department of State, and from 1920 to 1925 he Poole, is on a visit to the United States having served as American Commissioner to the Domini¬ arrived on June 25. He will spend a portion of can Republic, with the rank of “Envoy Extra¬ his leave at Great Barrington, R. I. ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.” 215 Col. and Mrs. John G. Foster, retired Ameri¬ prescribed by their respective clubs in England, can Consul General, stopped in for a few but which fortunately for the hero, had never days after spending six months in travel. Mr. been laid down in the unwritten laws of the Aden and Mrs. Foster were entertained extensively by Club. Vice Consul Park deemed his duty dis¬ the many friends which they had made during charged in acceding to the demure hint of his their long service at this post. lovely lady partner for “something nice.”

Vice Consul J. Loder Park, Aden, had the pleasure of meeting Vice Consul Robinson, de¬ tailed from the Department to Calcutta, on board FROM PARIS the P. & O. S. S. Macedonia. Owing to plague Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon Whitehouse left on the restrictions, exceptions to which are very rare, evening of for Madrid, where Mr. the difficulty of boarding the ship was overcome Whitehouse has been assigned as Counselor of the by virtue of “consular business,” in this case the Embassy. Before their departure Mr. White- delivery of correspondence from the Depart¬ house was the guest of honor at a dinner given ment. 1 )y the American Chamber of Commerce in Paris. A farewell dinner to Mr. and Mrs. Whitehouse Mrs. Barbara Spofford Morgan, wife of was also given by the Ambassador on the evening Shepard Morgan, a member of the executive staff of , to which all the members of the of S. Parker Gilbert, reparations agent general, Embassy staff were invited. received the degree of doctor of philosophy from Berlin University today. Her dissertation was: “The Individual in American Education—a Study This is a season of general leave-taking at the in Individualism.” Embassy in Paris. In addition to Mr. and Mrs. Professor Bierberbach. dean of the faculty of Whitehouse, the following members of the Em¬ philosophy, presented the diploma in the presence bassy staff are leaving at an early date: Capt. of the members of the American Embassay and Richard Drace White, naval attache, is being Reparations Commission, and a host of Ameri relieved in June by Capt. George Washington can friends. Steele, now commanding the U. S. S. Pittsburgh. Major Peter C. Bullard, assistant military The Para Club, Para, Brazil, has elected Con¬ attache, is being relieved the latter part of June sul John R. Minter vice president, and Gordon by Major James B. Orel. Lieut. Comdr. Dallas Pickerell, son of former Consul Pickerell, re D. Dupre is being relieved shortly by Comdr. tired, a director. Hugh P. LeClair as assistant naval attache. Finally, Lieut. Joseph M. Glasgow is being re¬ Consul H. O. Williams recently delivered an lieved the latter part of June as assistant military extended address before the Rotary Club of attache and he is not being replaced. Liverpool, England, which was reprinted in “The Rotary Wheel,” organ of the Rotary Clubs of Mr. Joseph Flack, Second Secretary of the Great Britain and Ireland. Excerpts from it Legation in Vienna, spent a part of his leave of have been used for international distribution by absence in Paris. the “Rotary International,” in .

Vice Consul Park, Aden, who claims to be the Mr. Benjamin Muse, Second Secretary of the world’s worst golfer, leaped into enduring local Embassy, and Mrs. Muse, were given a farewell fame a short time ago by holing out in one at the dinner by their friends of the Latin-American fifth, and thereby establishing a new record in Diplomatic Corps in Paris, in view of their con¬ the annals of the Aden 12-hole course. He re¬ templated departure for the United States on a ports that this accident is regarded as being es¬ leave of absence. Their departure from Paris pecially remarkable in that the fifth hole, although having been postponed, they will sail on June 17. obviously a short one, is complicated by the oc¬ currence of an unusual hazard in the form of a large riding enclosure surrounded by 10-foot mud Mr. Stanley Hawks, Third Secretary of the walls, completely obscuring the “brown” from Legation at Guatemala, and Mrs. Hawks visited the tee. Two witnesses, who saw the ball trickle Paris for a few days before returning to the home, and the club president and secretary, who United States, after spending a part of their leave are opportunists, noisily clamored for the reward of absence in Italy. 216 Consul Lucien Memminger made the Memorial The marriage of Lieut. Joseph Glasgow, assist¬ Day address at Talence Cemetery, France, under ant military attache, and Miss Muriel Harding the auspices of the Bordeaux Post of the Ameri¬ Bliss took place at the Church of St. Pierre de can Legion and the municipal authorities of Chaillot on Saturday morning, . Am¬ Talence, a suburb of Bordeaux. The several bassador Herrick was a witness and Mr. George graves of American soldiers were decorated with R. Merrell, Jr., Second Secretary, and Air. flowers by delegations of children from the public William W. Schott, Third Secretary of the Em¬ schools. bassy, acted as ushers. All the Embassy staff attended the wedding ceremony and the wedding luncheon afterwards at the Hotel Plaza Athenee. Consul General Alphonse Gaulin was a speaker at a recent luncheon of the American Club of Paris, given in honor of the French round-the- On Memorial Day Ambassador Herrick, ac¬ world aviators, Costes and Le Brix. About 300 companied by his staff, attended the special serv¬ American and French citizens were present. ices at the American Episcopal Pro-Cathedral. A representative of the Ambassador also attended the service at the Catholic Church of St. Joseph’s. On Mr. Gaulin delivered the Memorial After the services the staff accompanied Mr. Day address at the Belleau Wood ceremonies, in Herrick in laying a wreath on the Tomb of the commemoration of the American war dead buried French Unknown Soldier. in the Aisne-Marne Cemetery. Horseback riding in the Bois de Boulogne has At Nice on the same day, Consul Otis Glaze- been especially popular among members of the brook, who is chaplain of the Riviera Post of the Embassy staff this year, Secretaries Merrell and American Legion, was the speaker at the service Schott and General Harts and Lieutenant Glas¬ held in the American Church at Nice. gow being among the most faithful equestrians. Sunday morning brings out an impressive caval¬ At the Cherbourg Cemetery the Memorial Day cade and early morning rides on week days are exercises were conducted and the principal ad¬ frequent occurrences. dress delivered by Consul Samuel H. Wiley, who afterwards placed a wreath at the foot of the monument to the French war dead. In addition FROM MADRID to the members of the American colony, several Sheldon Whitehouse, new Counselor of the representatives of the French Government were Embassy at Madrid, arrived on from present. Paris and assumed his new duties.

Hon. Charles S. Wilson, Minister to Bulgaria, Capt. Richard D. White, United States Navy, passed through Paris returning from a leave of recently ordered to command the cruiser Detroit absence in the United States. after his service as naval attache for France, Spain, and Portugal, visited Madrid during the Mrs. Thomas Daniels, wife of the Second week of . He will take the Detroit to Secretary of the Embassy in Rome, was a visitor Santander, Spain, in August for the New York- in Paris for a few days. to-Spain yacht race.

Mr. Benjamin Muse, Second Secretary of Em¬ Consul Stafford, of Madrid, visited Barcelona bassy, accompanied by Mrs. Muse and two chil¬ over the week-end -20, and conferred with dren, sailed on June 17 to spend a vacation in the Consul General Stewart on official matters. United States before proceeding to the Embassy in Habana, to which Mr. Muse has been trans¬ Vice Consul Raymond O. Richards, at Malaga, ferred. has been detailed to take charge temporarily of the American Vice Consulate at Alicante, during Mr. Walter H. Schoellkopf, Second Secretary the absence of Vice Consul Albion W. Johnson, of the Embassy at Madrid, and Mrs. Schoellkopf who has been granted 60 days leave by the De¬ visited Paris before proceeding to Madrid from partment with permission to visit the United his post at Bucharest. States. 217 Consul John S. Calvert, now assigned to the John G. Foster, Consul General retired, accom¬ American Consulate General, Barcelona, has been panied by Mrs. Foster, visited Vancouver re¬ assigned to the American Consulate at Marseille, cently, en route to his home at Derby Line, Vt., France, effective July 1, 1928. Mr. Calvert will after a visit of several months in the Orient. leave Barcelona for his new post as soon as prac¬ ticable after July 1. Vivian, the eldest daughter of Consul and Mrs. Tewell, recently underwent a second serious Vice Consul Gerald Keith, who has been operation for mastoiditis, but is now reported to assigned for duty at the American Consulate at be recovering. Seville after completing a term of instruction in the Foreign Service School in the Department, The three daughters of Consul and Mrs. Buck- reached his new post on , 1928, and lin, Victoria, recently won first honors for cham¬ assumed his duties on the following day. ber music at the British Columbia Music Festival held at Vancouver. Vice Consul Walton Canby Ferris, of Palermo, spent part of his recent leave of absence in Spain William Phillips, American Minister to Can¬ and called at the Consulate General at Barcelona ada, accompanied by Mrs. Phillips, recently and the Consulates in Sevilla and Madrid. visited Vancouver and Victoria, where they were entertained by various public organizations and Ambassador Ogden H. Hammond, Madrid, government officials. recently entertained officers of the Spanish Gov¬ ernment and members of the diplomatic corps in Frederick M. Ryder, Consul General retired, Madrid at a showing of a film depicting the and Mrs. Ryder, are enjoying a yacht cruise from world-wide operations of a large American motor Vancouver to points in the Caribbean Sea. car company. Most of the diplomats present were able to see scenes from their respective The U. S. S. Pennsylvania will visit the ports countries. of Victoria and Vancouver during the latter part of May and the last week in June. FROM SINGAPORE Consul General E. L. Harris was visited by Consul Edward M. Groth returned to his post his daughter, Mrs. Wilhelmina Elmore, of at Surabaya, Java, in the latter part of April, Topeka, Kans., the latter part of June. after spending most of his leave in the vicinity of . He sailed from New York on the Steel Traveler on March 1, proceeding to FROM OTTAWA Java via the Panama Canal and Manila. The Hon. William Phillips, American Minister to Canada, accompanied by Mrs. Phillips, made Consul Bernard Gotlieb left Singapore on April rceently an extended trip throughout western 17 for Wellington, his new post. He traveled on Canada, which included Victoria, Vancouver, the Tasman via Java and transshipped at Sydney, Banff, Calgary, Edmonton, Saskatoon, Regina, Australia, for Wellington. It is understood Con¬ and Winnipeg. sul General Lowrie plans to take home leave The greatest cordiality and hospitality were shortly after Mr. Gotlieb’s arrival at Wellington. extended everywhere to the Minister and Mrs. Phillips. The Minister addressed the members Mr. Roger A. Black, American Clerk, who has of the Canadian Club in all of the cities on the been at the Singapore Consulate General since itinerary, while Mrs. Phillips was generally en¬ January, 1928, learning consular procedure, left tertained by the Women’s Canadian Club. Ameri¬ on for Brisbane, Australia. He was can Consular Officers throughout western Can¬ assigned to the newly opened Consulate in that ada discussed with the Minister the problems city, and spent a few days in Java while en route peculiar to their districts, and contributed to the from Singapore to Brisbane. success of the trip by their efforts to bring the Minister in contact with the leaders in both offi¬ FROM VANCOUVER cial and business circles. Consul General Harris is mourning the death Consul General Irving N. Linnell recently of his mother, who recently passed away at her completed a trip to a number of the consular offi¬ home at Rock Island, 111., at the age of 84 years. ces under his supervision, including Windsor, 218 London, Toronto, Hamilton, Niagara Falls, Mr. and Mrs. Phillips departed from the Kingston, and Prescott. Canadian prairies leaving very pleasant impres¬ At Toronto, Consul Sauer gave a luncheon at sions, and all feel that American national inter¬ the Ontario Club. At Kingston, the mayor gave ests will greatly benefit by the Minister’s visit. a civic luncheon in honor of Mr. Linnell, at which Consul George Gregg Fuller was also welcomed to the city. FROM BERLIN Ambassador Schtirman was a guest of honor Consul Francis R. Stewart, Niagara Falls, and of the City of at the opening festivities Consul Paul C. Squire, Windsor, arrived recently of the International Pressa Exhibition at Cologne, at their respective posts. on Saturday, May 12, 1928. Dr. Schurman ar¬ rived at Cologne from Meunster on Friday eve¬ The American Minister to .Canada and Mrs. ning and remained until Saturday evening, being Phillips visited the principal cities of western present at the various ceremonies of the Pressa’s Canada in the latter part of April and on the opening day. first days of May; then entered the Prairie Prov¬ inces on and left Winnipeg for the east Foreign Service Officers to whom the oppor¬ on . tunity is presented would doubtless enjoy an in¬ The visitors were well received throughout the spection of the Pressa Exhibition, which attempts Canadian west. to depict the development and history of the Mr. and Mrs. Phillips had three busy days in printing and publishing art from the very be¬ Winnipeg where they were entertained at numer¬ ginning and many of the exhibits are of striking ous dinners and receptions. Mr. and Mrs. interest. Phillips spent a portion of the afternoon of the second day ,in motoring to historic points in the Consul Leslie E. Reed was invited by the neighborhood of Winnipeg. United States Lines, together with officials of the The Minister in a speech before the Men’s State of and others, to inspect the S'. S'. Canadian Club touched upon matters of interest America on its first arrival at Bremerhaven after to Canadians and to American residents in Can¬ being reconditioned. ada. At the receptions given by the American Women’s Club and the American Legion in Mrs. Leslie E. Reed recently christened the new Winnipeg there were over 400 persons present. -America motor passenger and freight At Calgary, Alberta, through the courtesy of liner Portland, which will ply between Hamburg the superintendent of the Rocky Mountain Park, and Portland, Oreg., and which was built near Bremen. An address in German was made at the a motor trip was made along the beautiful moun¬ tain roads in and about Banff. In Calgary the launching by Mr. Reed. Men’s Canadian Club entertained at a luncheon when Mr. Phillips made an address. Later M r. Consul Leslie E. Reed was among the six Con¬ and Mrs. Phillips attended a dinner which was sular Officers who, in addition to the highest local attended by the Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, German officials, were invited to attend the recent annual dinner of the Bremen Handelskammer who had come from Edmonton for the purpose. (Chamber of Commerce). This organization, During the Minister’s stay in Calgary he motored through the city with the mayor; a motor trip was which now has an official status as a branch or de¬ partment of the Bremen Government, is a very also made to the Turner Valley oil fields in interesting one. It is a development of the old southern Alberta. Collegium Seniorum, or council of leading mer¬ At Edmonton, the capital of Alberta, the Min¬ chants. The first documents in possession of the ister and Mrs. Phillips were entertained by the Handelskammer in regard to the activities of the Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, the Men’s and organization are dated 1312. It has always con¬ Women’s Canadian Clubs, and the American resi¬ sisted of about two dozen members, but has re¬ dents of the city. cently been enlarged to 30 to include important At Regina, Saskatchewan, Mr. and Mrs. manufacturers, in addition to merchants. The Phillips were the house guests of the Lieutenant building now occupied dates from 1585, although Governor. During the Minister’s stay in Regina the Collegium Seniorum occupied a building on he visited the Parliament Buildings, Regina Col¬ the same site even earlier. One of the unusual lege, and the Conservatory of Music. features of the invitation was that the dinner was 219 described as “mittagessen” (mid-day meal), al¬ Mrs. Rudolph Kratina, nee Marguerite Press- though it was given at 7.30 p. m., and evening- ley, whose father was in the Consular Service for dress was prescribed. many years in France, entertained in her new home at on in honor of Mrs. The Consular Corps of Bremen has an unoffi¬ George P. Waller, who has just returned to Dres¬ cial organization called the Cercle Consulaire, a den to be with her son, Consul Waller, and her club for which all principal or subordinate con¬ two daughters, Frances and Kathryn. sular officers, professional or honorary, stationed in Bremen are eligible. The Cercle Consulaire On Easter Sunday afternoon Consul George has a president, vice president, secretary and Platt Waller entertained Consul General and treasurer who are elected. The dean of the corps Mrs. Arthur C. Frost, of Prague, who had come has the title of honorary president. The Cercle up in their car for a short stay in Dresden. Consulaire has club-rooms in a large restaurant building, meeting weekly. It recently entertained Consul General G. Bie Ravndal, Zurich, visited the Burgomaster of Bremen and some of the the American Consulate in recently. highest local officials. Mr. Ravndal was accompanied by Mrs. Ravndal on leave of absence in . On , 1928, Consul and Mrs. Christian M. Ravndal departed by airplane from Frank¬ Vice Consul Marc Smith, of Stuttgart, has fort for London where they spent a few days spent his leave of absence in Spain with his sister prior to sailing for the United States for home and brother-in-law. leave. Vice Consul Howard Taylor and Mrs. Taylor, On , 1928, Consul Curtis F. Everett, Stuttgart, are on leave in the United States. formerly on detail at Bombay, and who has previ¬ ously served at Stuttgart and Liege, arrived at Mr. W. G. Ward, United States Immigration Frankfort for service in the Frankfort Consulate Inspector, assigned to Stuttgart to succeed Immi¬ General, after leave of absence in the United gration Inspector C. W. Snodgrass, transferred States. to Antwerp, arrived in Stuttgart accompanied by Mrs. Ward. Mrs. Hazel Sommerhoff, American clerk in the Frankfort Consulate General, sailed on , 1928, for leave of absence in the United States. CUSTOMS SERVICE Mrs. George H. Murphy, the widow of the late Loudon, England— Consul General George H. Murphy, whose last C. B. Wait, formerly in charge of the London assignment was at Zurich, is temporarily residing office, has been assigned to duty in the United at Wiesbaden and is a frequent visitor to Frank¬ States. fort and other parts of the Frankfort Consular Carmen D’Agostino has been granted indefinite district. leave of absence with permission to visit the United States. The Hon. Hugh Wilson, American Minister to Charles L. Turrill, on leave in the United Switzerland, was a caller at the Consulate Gen¬ States, has been assigned to duty at New York. eral in on May 19, 1928. Paris, France— Edgar M. Barber, transferred to the United Consul George P. Waller went to Bremer haven States. May 16 to meet his mother and two sisters, who Henry M. Clapp, transferred to the United are making their home with him at Dresden, and States. who crossed on the Republic of the United States Paul H. Watson, transferred to the United Lines. States. Gerald C. Wheeler, transferred to the Berlin Consul Donegan, Munich, has earned and en¬ office. joys the title of “Schachmeister,” having par¬ ticipated in an intercity chess match on the Berlin, Germany—• Munich team against Vienna. He won a sweep¬ David L. Brown, assigned to duty in the United ing victory for Munich against Herr Palda. States. 220 Florence, Italy— Surgeon R. P. Sandridge. Relieved from duty Thomas B. Connor, designation changed to at Berlin, Germany, and assigned to duty at Assistant Customs Representative. Cologne, Germany.

Shanghai, China— Assistant Surgeon R. A. Vonderlehr. Relieved Harold S. Creighton, reassigned to duty in the from duty at Cobh, Irish Free State, and assigned United States. to duty at , Irish Free State. Kobe, Japan— Martin G. Scott, has been granted leave of ab¬ P. A. Surgeon L. B. Byington. Relieved from sence with permission to visit the United States. duty at Dublin, Irish Free State, and assigned to duty at Cobh, Irish Free State. Hongkong and Manila— IT. C. Anderson, formerly at Hongkong and Manila, resigned. Surgeon W. F. Tanner. Relieved from duty at Hamburg, Germany, and assigned to duty at Charles L. Turrill, formerly attached to the Stapleton, N. Y., United States Marine Hospital. offices at Berlin and London and recently assigned to duty at New York, has been reassigned to duty in charge of the office at London. Assistant Surgeon E. B. Archer. Relieved from duty at Hygienic Laboratory, Washington, Lawrence J. Eckstrom, formerly attached to D. C., and assigned to duty at Hamburg, Ger¬ the office at Paris, has been transferred to the many. United States. Surgeon Vance B. Murray. Directed to pro¬ ceed from Shanghai, China, to Yokohama, Japan, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE and other ports in Japan, as may be necessary, Surgeon J. P. Leake. Directed to Europe, to and return, for conference with local Japanese Kent and London, England, and Paris and Stras- health authorities relative to quarantine measures. bttrg, France, for the purpose of inspecting laboratories in connection with the control of Surgeon C. W. Vogel. Relieved from duty at biologic products, and to confer with the Surgeon Stuttgart. Germany, on July 1, and assigned to General and the British Committee on the control duty at , Denmark. of tetra ethyl lead gasoline. Surgeon L. P. H. Bahrenburg. Relieved from duty at Copenhagen, Denmark, and assigned to Surgeon R. M. Grimm. Relieved from duty at duty at Stuttgart, Germany. American Consulate, Antwerp, Belgium, and assigned to duty in the American Consulate, Dub¬ lin, Irish Free State. ENGAGEMENTS The engagement of Miss Lilita Dawson, Surgeon C. H. Waring. Relieved from duty at daughter of Mrs. Phillip Charles Soyez, of Hygienic Laboratory, Washington, D. C., and Washington, D. C., to Mr. R. G. McGregor, is assigned to duty in the American Consulate, Ant¬ announced. Miss Dawson’s father, the late Mr. werp, Belgium. Thomas C. Dawson, was long in the United States Foreign Service. Her brother, Mr. Allen Surgeon T. J. Liddell. Relieved from duty at Dawson, is now serving as Third Secretary of the Stockholm, Sweden, and assigned to duty in the American Embassy in Mexico. American Consulate, Berlin, Germany. MARRIAGES Surgeon J. E. Faris. Relieved from duty at Goteborg, Sweden, and assigned to duty at Genoa, Thayer-Greene. Miss Ruth Thayer was mar¬ ried to Mr. Elbridge Gerry Greene at Lancaster, Italy. Mass., on June 2, 1928.

Surgeon C. M. Fauntleroy. Relieved from Gray-Spruks. Miss Margaret Erwin Gray was duty at Cologne, Germany, and assigned to duty married to Mr. H. Charles Spruks at Bethlehem, at Goteborg, Sweden. Pa., on June 2, 1928. 221 BIRTHS a commission of special representatives of the United States with the rank of minister pleni¬ A son, James G., Jr., was born at Washington, potentiary in charge of German and Austro-Hun¬ D. C., to Vice Consul and Mrs. James G. Finley. garian prisoners of war in Russia. In 1922, after having acted as executive secretary of the Wash¬ A son, Lah Hung, was born at Hongkong, on ington Conference on Limitation of Armament, March 19, 1928, to Clerk Chan Shan Tai. he resigned from the State Department and was appointed American administrative commissioner A son, Walter Henry, was born to Vice Consul to the International Chamber of Commerce, with and Mrs. Casimir Tadeusz Zawadzki at Munich headquarters in Paris. on March 23, 1928. Surviving are his wife, who previous to their marriage in 1925 was Mrs. Peabody Saveli, of A son, Frederick, was born to Mr. and M rs. Budapest, and two sisters, Mrs. H. Willard Gray, Jean Phillipopoulos at Hamburg, on March 27, of New York, and Mrs. Thomas Whitney Su- 1928. Mrs. Phillipopoulos is a daughter of Con¬ rette, of Concord, Mass. sul Alfred W. Donegan. Mr. Donegan is now a candidate for the Blue Ribbon as the youngest grandfather in the Foreign Service. The Rev. Dr. George A. Ford, appointed Con¬ sular Agent at Sidon in 1914, and who served for some time thereafter, died at Sidon of heart dis¬ ease on , 1928. NECROLOGY Mr. Basil Miles, formerly Diplomatic Secre¬ tary and later connected with the State Depart¬ INTER-DEPARTMENTAL ment in a number of capacities, died in Wash¬ ington, D. C., on June 14, 1928, at the Emergency GOLF Hospital to which he had gone for a minor oper¬ The trophy donated by Secretary Mellon, of ation, the death occurring suddenly and unex¬ the Treasury, as the principal prize in the annual pectedly. The funeral services were held at 1718 tournament of the Interdepartmental Golf H Street on the morning of June 16, and inter¬ League, which was concluded on the course of ment was made at , in Laurel Ceme¬ the Indian Spring Club, was won by the four- tery. Mr. Miles was 51 years old. man team of the Post Office Department with a Mr. Miles had a distinguished career in the total score of 688 strokes for 36 holes. The team United States Diplomatic Corps. He also did was composed of R. H. Brown, A. T. Wannan, important work with the Post Office Department J. D. Boger and J. B. Robertson. The Treasury and later became identified with the United Department team was second with 703, while the States Chamber of Commerce and the Interna¬ State Department team, which won the trophy tional Chamber of Commerce in Paris. last year, finished in third place with 707. He was born in Philadelphia and was gradu¬ The finishing day of the tournament was ated from the University of Pennsylvania and marked by pleasant weather, but even under from Balliol College, Oxford. He began his favorable circumstances the gross score of John diplomatic service in 1905 as private secretary to R. Miller, of the Treasury Department, 78—83—• George von L. Meyer, then United States Am¬ 161, made on Monday under the handicap of a bassador at St. Petersburg. Later he was ap¬ water-soaked course, was not equaled. George pointed Third Secretary of the Embassy. From Wadsworth and M. A. Shipley, of the State De¬ fit. Petersburg he was transferred to Berlin. partment, who tied for low medal last year on the In 1908 Mr. Miles was recalled to act as super¬ Manor course, could not do better than 167 yes¬ visor of foreign mails with the Post Office De¬ terday, and they tied for second place. partment. While acting in this capacity he Nearly all of the departments and other assisted in the reorganization of the parcel post branches of the Government were represented by service and in writing the first postal savings three teams, A, B and C. The War Department regulation. team, with a total of 746 strokes, carried off the It was during the years of 1913 and 1916 that class B trophy, while the class C cup was won by he became identified with the United States the third team of the Treasury Department. Chamber of Commerce. This was followed by The State Department’s teams’ scores follow: 222 First team—George Wadsworth, 81—86—167; so I can never forget you. What’s the Rules M. A. Shipley, 81—86—167; E. P. Hair, and Regulations to come into the United States? 86—85—171; R. M. Scotten, 101—101—202. from T for me for a foreigner. Am I no Total, 707. Net, 647. Human Being at all? Wasn’t I born the same Second Team—Benjamin Thaw, 102—106— way as every body, but in a different country? 208; A. C. Lynch, 100—109—209. J. C. White, Take my word friend if I’d be asked before I was 93—95—188; John F. Simmons, 99—108—207. born where I want to be born I’d surely and Total, 812. Net, 680. positively say:—“I want to be born on an East Side sidewalk but in N. Y.” Friend what can you do for me? I went through Public School in T . I’m working FRIEND! for the last three years as a shipper and stock- Dear Honorable;— keeper. I’m a willing worker, trustworthy and Having the pleasure of coming in contrast with beloved by everybody for my honesty. I’m good you through writing I take the pleasure and use at shipping and stockkeeping and could make an the apportunity by expressing for you my desire, honest living easy in my beloved Garden of Eden or my life’s desire. Which is the following:— “New York.” I also have a couple of hundred dollars saved for that only beloved and worthy On October 20th 1923rd I cam to T . I cause of mine. Also a good Guarantee follow’s am 18 years of age now. Before I came to this from my father in here who is a noble citizen and country my looks upon my future home was the who is a “teacher” in here who assures to help so much painted and decorated word “America” me out with everything possible if I want get no but when I came face to face with “America” work as soon after my arrival in N. Y. Well I got dissapointed with everything. The word what can you do for me? Would’nt you do the “America” expressed a country full of “life” and best for a "poor” man and better yet as for your¬ self ? For the purpose I enclose a “Return” apportunities for everybody no different of Race envelope Ready to bring me the best results what or Nationality. A country which gives a chance to I’m waiting for. all its people and citizens. But its not T Hopping to get what 1 wish and thanking you or the whole of Canada that could be entitled under the word “America” its too dead for the heartily for doing your best for the noble work. And hoping to thank you successfully someday word. Therefore after so much of my hesitating I remain your High appreciated. and thinking over I came to the result that its meant “New York” A city of over a population of 6,000.000 people. A City full of “life” and P. S. apportunities. A city which read so much of my Sir, I am willing to wait week’s months but not fellow friends hearts and desires. My ambition years. I’d bust if that long. I thank you. then started to go to the U. S. which I express it as New York. Since then I tried all the pos¬ sibilities and impossibilities but no answer. No J. H. Keeley, Jr., writes from Damascus that help. Is there realy no help for me? Was I his British colleague at that place recently in¬ realy born to do what others tell me and not follow formed him FOREIGN AFFAIRS was so interesting my own oppinion? Was I realy born to be all that he was considering subscribing for it. Consul my life in a cage and never get out? Was I realy Keeley forestalled him by making him a Christmas born to suffer my whole life on the ground of present of a year’s subscription. While so en¬ T and not to express and bring out life gaged in good works the muse of poesy fell upon desire’s like the many millions of others on earth. Mr. Keeley, and he sent Mr. Parr, the British Friend you are therefore my only and last aid Consul, the following lines: and help on earth. Friend there is plenty to “Since to FOREIGN AFFAIRS’ you’re going to express and talk about but I could’nt find so much subscribe, paper to express on. Friend your now my only Please accept it from me as a gift you for Yule- help in need that could realy help me. I there¬ tide— fore come to you with a broken and disappointed A one year’s subscription; may it tend to bind heart for a recovery. Friend what can you do Our interests more closely, your country’s and for me. Wont you do your best as for yourself mine.” 223 rj1HE^MERICAN^OREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL

The pamphlet contains the following, and it is expected that as the service expands other sec¬ FOR MORE THAN TWENTY YEARS tions may be added: Auto licenses, churches, to get correct time, Photographers to the garbage disposal, investment service, medical at¬ Diplomatic Corps and the tention, post offices, precedence, official—social, Consular Service private schools, public schools, public utilities, service department, shopping list, traffic regula¬ HARRIS & EWING tions. THE HOME OF “NATIONAL NOTABLES” COMMERCIAL 1313 F Street N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. Phone Main 8700 A total of 2,051 reports, of which 978 were rated miscellaneous, was received during the month of May, 1928, as compared with 1.884 reports, of which 886 were rated miscellaneous, during the month of April, 1928. Not to be outdone in either courtesy or rhyme There were 656 trade lists transmitted to the Mr. Parr replied : Department, for the Bureau of Foreign and “Preaching to the converted might be held, Domestic Commerce, during the month of May And by the generalty is, a work as against 462 during the month of April, 1928. Of supererogation, but to burke During the month of May there were 4,335 Man from his chosen path, and to unweld trade letters transmitted to Department as Links we thought firm, is easy: quickly quelled against 3,324 in April, 1928. Are human ardors; round about us lurk A hundred motives urging us to shirk FOREIGN SERVICE The line we took—to leave the tree half felled. CHANGES “And so your Christmas courtesy will lend The following changes have occurred in the Strength to conviction, help to realize American Foreign Service since : That polity to which our ideas tend: George H. Butler, now Vice Consul, La Paz, To liberate our sons from doubt and lies; was confirmed as Diplomatic Secretary, , 1928, and is now assigned La Paz as Vice Con¬ “Our ears throbbed to the tread of marching men: sul and Third Secretary. For theirs the harvester will whir again.” Stillman W. Eells, now Consul, Leeds, assigned Consul, Colombo. Thomas S. Horn, now Consul, La Paz, was confirmed as Diplomatic Secretary, May 17, 1928, INFANTRY ASSOCIATION and is now assigned La Paz as Consul and Third INAUGURATES SERVICE Secretary. Rufus H. Lane, Jr., now Vice Consul, Habana, DEPARTMENT assigned Vice Consul, Progreso. The United States Infantry Association has Samuel T. Lee, Consul General, now detailed established in Washington a “Service Depart¬ as Inspector, assigned Consul General, Lisbon. ment” as an aid to present and new members of Thomas McEnelly, now Consul, Chihuahua, official Washington. As a part of its service the detailed Consul, Barcelona. Association has prepared a pamphlet containing David J. D. Myers, now Consul, Durango, much valuable information on living conditions in assigned Consul, Chihuahua. Washington. This pamphlet is distributed gratis James J. Murphy, Jr., now Consul, Santo by the association to all its members arriving in Domingo, detailed to Department. Washington and through the interest and cour¬ William L. Peck, now Vice Consul, Leipsiz, tesy of Major Lang, of the association, the assigned Vice Consul, Cobh. pamphlet has been made available to Foreign John S. Richardson, Jr., now Vice Consul, Service Officers settling in Washington. Cobh, assigned Vice Consul, Tananarive. 224 Mason Turner, now Vice Consul, Colombo, assigned Vice Consul, Paris. George Wadsworth, now Consul, detailed to Department, was confirmed May 17, 1928, as J&ruriFg j&oragp (jompang Diplomatic Secretary, and has been assigned as Consul and First Secretary, Cairo. 1140 FIFTEENTH STREET George P. Waller, now Consul, detailed Dres¬ den, assigned Consul, Adan. Robert M. J. Fellner, now Vice Consul, Singa¬ pore, has resigned. John H. Hansen has been appointed Vice STORAGE, COLD STORAGE for FURS Consul at Prince Rupert. and SILVER VAULTS The following changes have occurred in the American Foreign Service since May 26: “Lift” Vans, Marine and Transit Insurance Ellis O. Briggs, now Vice Consul, Callao-Lima, confirmed as Secretary and assigned Third Secre¬ tary, Callao-Lima. Cavendish W. Cannon, now clerical Vice Con¬ sul, Zurich, confirmed Foreign Service Officer Unclassified and Vice Consul of career, being Your Washington. D. C. assigned Zurich. Leo F.. Cochran, now clerical Vice Consul, Banking Office , confirmed Foreign Service Officer Unclassified and Vice Consul of career, being assigned Buenos Aires. Coert du Bois, now Consul General, Batavia, promoted to lie Foreign Service Officer of The American Security and Class 111. Trust Company, for over thirty- H. Livingston Hartley, confirmed Foreign eight years one of Washington’s Service Officer Unclassified and Vice Consul of career, assigned Vice Consul, London, England. leading financial institutions, is a Phil H. Hubbard, now clerical Vice Consul, depository for many Foreign Berlin, confirmed Foreign Service Officer Un¬ classified and Vice Consul of career, being Service Officers. assigned Vice Consul, Berlin. Morris N. Hughes, now clerical Vice Consul, We solicit accounts to our Montevideo, confirmed Foreign Service Officer mutual benefit, offering every Unclassified and Vice Consul of career, being assigned Vice Consul, Montevideo. form of banking and trust Herschel V. Johnson, now Second Secretary, service. Tegucigalpa, promoted to be Foreign Service Officer of Class IV. Keith Merrill, Foreign Service Officer, detailed as Inspector, assigned to Department. Dana G. Munro, now First Secretary, Managua, promoted to be Foreign Service Offi¬ cer of Class III. James L. Park, now clerical Vice Consul, Aden, ISth and Penna. Ave. confirmed Foreign Service Officer Unclassified Four Branches and Vice Consul of career, being assigned, Aden, Arabia. Capital, $3,400,000 Elbridge D. Rand, Diplomatic Secretary, now Surplus, $3,400,000 assigned to Department, confirmed a Consul and WASHINGTON’S LARGEST assigned Consul, Geneva, Switzerland. TRUST COMPANY S. Pinkney Tuck, now Consul, Geneva, con¬ firmed a Secretary and assigned First Secretary, Constantinople, Turkey. 225 “SECTION 1. That hereafter the Diplomatic and Con¬ sular Service of the United States shall be known as the Washington’s Leading Florist Foreign Service of the United States. “SEC. 2. That the official designation 'Foreign Service Officer,’ as employed throughout this act, shall be deemed to denote permanent officers in the Foreign Service be¬ via Wire to Any City—Any Time Within low the grade of minister, all of whom are subject to the Hour promotion on merit and who may be appointed to either diplomatic or consular positions or assigned to serve in the Department of State subject to section 14 of this Glide Bros, Co. act, at the discretion of the President. WASHINGTON, D. C. “SEC. 3. That the officers in the Foreign Service shall 1212 F St., N. W. 1102 Conn. Ave. hereafter be graded and classified as follows with the Main 4278 3103 14th St. N. W. Main 1102 salaries of each class herein affixed thereto, but not ex¬ Col. 3103 ceeding in number for each class a proportion of the Members of Florists' Telegraph Delivery Association total number of officers in the service represented in the following percentage limitations : “Ambassadors and ministers as now or hereafter pro¬ vided; Foreign Service Officers as follows: Class I (13 percentum), $8,000 to $9,000; Class II (17 percentum), R. A. Wallace Treat, now Second Secretary, $'6,000 to $7,900; Class III (24 percentum), $4,500 to Teheran, promoted to be Foreign Service Officer $5,900; Class IV, $3,500 to $4,400; Unclassified, $2,500 to $3,400; Provided, however, That as many Foreign of Class V. Service Officers above Class III as may be required for Archer Woodford, now serving as clerk in the the purpose of inspection may be detailed by the Secre¬ Legation at Managua, confirmed as Foreign tary of State for that purpose. Service Officer Unclassified, Vice Consul of “On the date this act takes effect officers shall be career, and Diplomatic Secretary, being assigned reclassified as follows: as Third Secretary, Managua. “Officers in Classes I and II, as officers in Class I; officers in Classes III and IV, as officers in Class II; Edward C. Holden, now Vice Consul, Para, officers in Classes V and VI, as officers in Class III • has resigned. officers in Classes VII and VIII, as officers in Class IV; Sylvester Maxwell Lambert, declined appoint¬ and officers in Class IX, as unclassified officers; but no ment as Vice Consul, Suva. officer shall receive less salary through such classification than he is now receiving nor shall he receive any increase of salary through such classification except such periodic increase as may accrue to him under section 26 of this MRS. ROGERS’ SECOND BILL act. “SEC. 4. That Foreign Service Officers may be com¬ (This bill is basically the same as the Moses missioned as diplomatic or consular officers or both: bill, which passed the Senate, and the bill intro¬ Provided, That any officer who entered the Foreign Serv¬ duced by Mrs. Rogers as H. R. 13625. It shozvs, ice subsequent to July 1, 1924, shall serve five years as a however, some difference from those two bills.) consular officer before promotion to Class I except that he may be excused for not more than two years of such (70th Congress, 1st Session—H. R. 13883) service if, in the opinion of the Secretary of State on the recommendation of the Assistant Secretary in charge of the Foreign Service, the completion of such term of five IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years as consul will not be in the interest of the Gov¬ May 18, 1928 ernment : Provided further. That all such appointments shall be made by and with the advice and consent of the Mrs. Rogers introduced the following bill; which was Senate: And provided further, That all official acts of referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and such officers while serving under diplomatic or consular ordered to be printed commissions in the Foreign Service shall be performed under their respective commissions as secretaries or as A BILL To amend the act (Public, Numbered 135, consular officers. Sixty-eighth Congress) approved , 1924, en¬ “SEC. 5. That hereafter appointments to the position titled “An act for the reorganization and improvement of Foreign Service Officer shall be made after examina¬ of the Foreign Service of the United States, and for tion or after five years of continuous service in the De¬ other purposes.” partment of State, by transfer therefrom under such rules and regulations as the President may prescribe, or Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa¬ after ten years of satisfactory service as clerk in a mis¬ tives of the United States of America in Congress as¬ sion or consulate: Provided. That no person shall be sembled, That the act (Public, Numbered 135, Sixty- eligible for appointment as a Foreign Service Officer eighth Congress) approved May 24, 1924, entitled “An who is not an American citizen and who shall not have act for the reorganization and improvement of the For¬ been such at least fifteen years: Provided further, That eign Service of the United States, and for other pur¬ reinstatement of Foreign Service Officers separated from poses,” be, and the same is hereby, amended to read as the classified service by reason of appointment to some follows: other position in the Government service may be made 226 by Executive order of the President under such rules and “SEC. 9. Every Secretary, Consul General, Consul, regulations as lie may prescribe. Vice Consul of Career, or Foreign Service Officer, be¬ “All appointments of Foreign Service Officers shall be fore he receives his commission or enters upon the duties by commission to a class and not by commission to a of his office, shall give to the United States a bond, in particular post, and such officers shall be assigned to such form as the President shall prescribe, with such posts and may be transferred from one post to another by order of the President as the interests of the service sureties, who shall be permanent residents of the United may require: Provided, That the classification of secre¬ States, as the Secretary of State shall approve, in a penal taries in the Diplomatic Service and of consular officers sum not less than the annual compensation allowed to is hereby abolished without, however, in any wise im¬ such officer, conditioned for the true and faithful ac¬ pairing the validity of the present commissions of secre¬ counting for, paying over, and delivering up of all fees, taries and consular officers. moneys, goods, effects, books, records, papers, and other “SEC. 6. That section 5 of the act of February 5, 1915 property which shall come to his hands or to the hands (Public, Numbered 242), is hereby repealed. of any other person to his use as such officer under any “SEC. 7. That the Secretary of State is directed to law now or hereafter enacted, and for the true and report from time to time to the President, along with his faithful performance of all other duties now or hereafter recommendations, the names of those Foreign Service lawfully imposed upon him as such officer: Provided, Officers who by reason of efficient service have demon¬ That the operation of no existing bond shall in any wise strated special capacity for promotion to the grade of be impaired by the provisions of this act: Provided minister and the names of those Foreign Service Officers f urther, That such bond shall cover by its stipulations all and employes and officers and employes in the Depart¬ official acts of such officer, whether commissioned as ment of State and clerks at missions and consulates who Diplomatic or Consular Officer. The bonds herein men¬ by reason of efficient service, an accurate record of which tioned shall be deposited with the Secretary of the shall be kept in the Department of State, have demon¬ Treasury. strated special efficiency, and also the names of persons “SEC. 10. That the provisions of section 4 of the act found upon taking the prescribed examination to have of , 1906, relative to the powers, duties, and pre¬ fitness for appointment to the service. rogatives of Consuls General at large are hereby made “That the grade of consular assistant is hereby abol¬ applicable to the Foreign Service Officers detailed for ished. the purpose of inspection, who shall, under the direction “SEC. 8. That sections 1697 and 1698 of the Revised of the Secretary of State, inspect in a substantially uni¬ Statutes are hereby repealed. form manner the work of diplomatic and consular offices.

INTERNATIONAL GENERAL ® ELECTRIC SCHENECTADY m\/(DA MV 120 BROADWAY NEW YORK ,U. S.A. LUMrAfN Y NEW YORK. U. S. A. INCORPORATED Crown House, Aldwych, London, W. C. 2, England. Cable Code: “INGENETRIC”

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DUTCH EAST INDIES ARGENTINA Electric Company. HOLLAND NEW ZEALAND Const rucocs Electrical, Genera) Electric. S. A., Inc., New Orleans, International General Mijnssen Ik Co.. Am¬ National Electrical Ik Lda., Lisbon Buenos Aires: Cor¬ La.. U.S.A Electric Co., Inc., sterdam Engineering Co.. Ltd Soerabaia. Java doba . Rosario de CHILE INDIA Wellington, Auckland. SOUTH AFRICA Santa Fe. Tucuman International Machin¬ ECUADOR International General Dunedin. Christ- South African General ery Co.. Santiago; Guayaquil Agencies Co.. Electric Co.. Lad.. AUSTRALIA Electric Co., Bom¬ Antofagasta; Valpa¬ Guayaquil bay; Calcutta Johannesburg, Trans¬ Australian General Elec¬ raiso PARAGUAY vaal: Capetown tric Co., Ltd.. Syd¬ EGYPT General Electric. S. A.. Nitrate Agencies. Ltd.. British Thomson-Hous¬ ITALY AND COLONIES ney; Melbourne; Bris¬ Iquique Buenos Aires, Argen- SPAIN AND COLONIES bane: Adelaide ton Co., Ltd., Cairo Compagnia Gcneralc di CHINA FRANCE AND COLO¬ Elettriciti. (24) Sociedad Iberica de Con¬ BELGIUM AND Andersen. Meyer 8s Co-, NIES PERU st rucrionet Elect ricas. COLONIES Ltd.. Shanghai Compagnie Franpaise JAPAN W^ R Grace & Co., Madrid. Barcelona: Societe d'Electrieitt et China General Edison Thomson-Houston. International General Bilbao de Mecaniquc, S. A.. Co., Shanghai Paris (8me< Electric Co.. Inc., Brussels PHILIPPINE ISLANDS SWITZERLAND COLOMBIA GREAT BRITAIN AND Tokyo: Osaka Pacific Commercial Co.. BOLWIA International General IRELAND Sbibaura Engineering Trolliet Freres. Geneva International Machinery Electric. S. A.. British Thomson-Hous¬ Works, Tokyo Co.. Oruro Barranquilla: Bogota; ton Co., Ltd., Rugby, Tokyo Electric Co.. Ltd. PORTO RICO URUGUAY Medellin England International General General Electric. S A.. BRAZIL MEXICO Electric Co., Inc.. San Montevideo General Electric. S. A, CUBA GREECE AND COLO¬ General Electric. S. A.. Rio dc Janeiro. SAo General Electric Com¬ NIES Mexico City; Guada¬ VENEZUELA Paulo pany of Cuba. Ha¬ Compagnie Francaise lajara: Vera Crux: PORTUGAL AND International General CENTRAL AMERICA vana. Santiago de Thomson-Houston. Monterrey; Tampico; COLONIES Electric. S A.. International General Cuba Paris <8me>. France El Paso. Texas Sociedade Ibtrici de

227 “SEC. 11. That the provisions of sections 8 and 10 of case of officers going to and returning from their posts the act of April 5, 1906, relative to official fees and the under orders of the Secretary of State when not on method of accounting therefor shall apply to Diplomatic leave: And provided further, That while in the United Officers below the grade of Minister, and Consular Offi¬ States the services of such officers shall be available for cers. trade conference work or for such duties in the Depart¬ “SEC. 12. That the President is hereby authorized to ment of State as the Secretary of State may prescribe, grant to Diplomatic and Consular Officers representation but the time of such work or duties shall not be counted allowances and allowances for rent of residences or as leave. living quarters or post allowances wherever the cost of “The Secretary of State is authorized, in his discretion living may be proportionately so high that in the opinion and subject to such regulations as may be issued by the of the Secretary of State such allowances are necessary President to grant to any officer or employe of the to enable such Diplomatic and Consular Officers to repre¬ Foreign Service not to exceed 60 days annual leave sent their Government and carry on their work efficiently, of absence with pay exclusive of the time actually anti out of any money which may be appropriated for such necessarily occupied in going to and from the United purposes from time to time by Congress, the expendi¬ States, in case of return on leave of such officer or em¬ ture of all such allowances to be accounted for in detail ploye to the United States and such time as may be quarterly under such rules and regulations as the Presi¬ necessarily occupied in awaiting sailing: Provided, That dent may prescribe and the Secretary of State, whose any portion of such 60 days leave not availed of in authorization and approval of such expenditures shall any one year may be cumulative, not to exceed exclusive be binding upon all officers of the Government, shall of time in transit and awaiting sailing 120 days in 3 report all such expenditures annually to Congress with years or 180 days in 4 years. the Budget estimates of the Department. “No Foreign Service Officer shall be absent from his “SEC. 13. Appropriations are authorized for the salary post with pay for more than 48 hours without per¬ of a private secretary to each Ambassador who shall be mission, except as provided herein. appointed by the Ambassador and hold office at his “All rules and regulations governing the leaves of pleasure. Foreign Service Officers shall be uniform. “SEC. 14. That any Foreign Service Officer may be “Section 1742 of the Revised Statutes is hereby re¬ assigned for duty in the Department of State without pealed. loss of class or salary, such assignment to be for a “SEC. 16. That the part of the act of July 1, 1916 period of not more than three years, unless the public (Public, Numbered 131), which authorizes the President interests demand further service, when such assignment to designate and assign any Secretary of Class I as may be extended for a period not to exceed one year. counselor of embassy or legation, is hereby amended to Any Foreign Service Officer of whatever class detailed read as follows: 'Provided, That the President may, for duty in connection with trade conferences or inter¬ whenever he considers it advisable so to do, designate and national gatherings, congresses, or conferences, or for assign any Foreign Service Officer as counselor of em¬ other special duty not at his post or in the Department bassy or legation.’ of State shall be paid his expenses for travel and sub¬ “SEC. 17. That within the discretion of the President, sistence at the rates prescribed by law. any Foreign Service Officer may be assigned to act as “SEC. IS. That the Secretary of State is authorized, commissioner, charge d’affaires, minister resident, or whenever he deems it to be in the public interest, to order diplomatic agent for such period as the public interests of the United States on his statutory leave of absence may require without loss of grade, class, or salary: Pro¬ any Foreign Service Officer or Vice Consul of Career vided, however, That no such officer shall receive more who has performed three years or more of continuous than one salary. service abroad: Provided. That the expenses of trans¬ “SEC. 18. That for such time as any Foreign Service portation and subsistence of such officers and their imme¬ Officer shall be lawfully authorized to act as charge diate families, in traveling from their posts to their d'affaires ad interim or to assume charge of a consulate homes in the United States and return, shall be paid general or consulate during the absence of the principal under the same rules and regulations applicable in the officer at the post to which he shall have been assigned.

A Specialty in the handling of ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN CLAIMS and Miscellaneous Collections here and abroad, New Financing, Funding of Debts, Re-organization of Foreign Firms, Incorporations Under American Laws, Financial Investigations and Credit Information is made by CARL M. J. von ZIELINSKI Foreign Trade and Financial Adviser 90 WALL STREET NEW YORK Cable Address: “Zielinski” All Standard Codes Used Agents and Correspondents in practically all parts of the world

228 lie shall, if his salary is less than one-half that of such books of the Treasury Department to the credit of the principal officer, receive in addition to his salary as For¬ Foreign Service retirement and disability fund for the eign Service Officer compensation equal to the difference payment of annuities, refunds, and allowances: Provided, between such salary and one-half of the salary provided That all basic salaries in excess of $9,000 per annum by law for the Ambassador, Minister, or principal Con¬ shall be treated as $9,000. sular Officer, as the case may be. “(d) When any Foreign Service Officer has reached “SEC. 19. The President is authorized to prescribe the age of 65 years and rendered at least 15 years of rules and regulations for the establishment of a Foreign service he shall be retired: Provided, That if any such Service retirement and disability system to be adminis¬ officer shall have served 30 years he may be retired tered under the direction of the Secretary of State and at his own request before reaching the age of 65 years: in accordance with the following principles, to wit: Provided further, That the President may, in his dis¬ “(a) The Secretary of State shall submit annually a cretion, retain any such officer on active duty for such comparative report showing all receipts and disburse¬ period not exceeding five years as he may deem for the ments on account of refunds, allowances, and annuities, interests of the United States. together with the total number of persons receiving “(e) Annuities shall be paid to retired Foreign Serv¬ annuities and the amounts paid them, and shall submit ice Officers under the following classification, based upon annually estimates of appropriations necessary to con¬ length of service and at the following percentages of tinue this section in full force and such appropriations the average annual basic salary for the 10 years next are hereby authorized: Provided, That in no event shall preceding the date of retirement: Class A, 30 years 01- the aggregate total appropriations exceed the aggregate more, 60 percentum; Class B, from 27 to 30 years, 54 total of the contributions of the Foreign Service Officers percentum; Class C, from 24 to 27 years. 48 percentum; theretofore made, and accumulated interest thereon. Class D, from 21 to 24 years, 42 percentum; Class E, from 18 to 21 years, 36 percentum; Class F, from 15 “(b) There is hereby created a special fund to be to 18 years, 30 percentum. known as the Foreign Service retirement and disability “(f) The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to fund. invest from time to time in interest-bearing securities “(c) Five percentum of the basic salary of all For¬ of the United States such portions of the Foreign Serv¬ eign Service Officers eligible to retirement shall be con¬ ice retirement and disability fund as in his judgment may tributed to the Foreign Service retirement and disability not be immediately required for the payment of annui¬ fund, and the Secretary of the Treasury is directed on ties, refunds, and allowances, and the income derived the date on which this act takes effect to cause such from such investments shall constitute a part of said deductions to be made and the sums transferred on the fund. *

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POWER STATION IRRIGATION DAM Office Buildings - Industrial Plants - Warehouses - Railroads and Terminals - Foundations Underpinning - Filtration and Sewage Plants - Hydro-Electric Developments - Power Houses Highways - River and Harbor Developments - Bridges and Bridge Piers - Mine Shafts and Tunnels THE FOUNDATION COMPANY NEW YORK ATLANTA CHICAGO LOS ANGELES LONDON LIMA PITTSBURGH SAN FRANCISCO MONTREAL MEXICO CITY CARTAGENA THE FOUNDATION COMPANY (FOREIGN) NEW YORK LONDON TOKYO ATHENS PARIS BRUSSELS

229 “(g) None of the moneys mentioned in this section order to submit to examination shall be paid out of the shall be assignable either in law or equity, or be subject Foreign Service retirement and disability fund. to execution, levy, or attachment, garnishment, or other "When the annuity is discontinued under this provi¬ legal process. sion, before the annuitant has received a sum equal to the “(h) In case an annuitant dies without having re¬ total amount of his contributions with accrued interest, ceived in annuities an amount equal to the total amount the difference shall be paid to him or to his legal repre¬ of his contributions from salary with interest thereon sentatives. at 4 percentum per annum compounded annually up to “(j) The President is authorized from time to time the time of his death, the excess of said accumulated to establish, by Executive order, a list of places which contributions over the said annuity payments shall be by reason of climatic or other extreme conditions are to paid to his or her legal representatives; and in case a c.assed as unhealthful posts, and each year of duty sub¬ Foreign Service Officer shall die without having reached sequent to January 1, 1900, at such posts, while so the retirement age the total amount of his contribution classed, inclusive of regular leaves of absence, shall be with accrued interest shall be paid to his legal repre¬ counted as one year and a half, and so on in like pro¬ sentatives. portion in reckoning the length of service for the purpose “(i) That any Foreign Service Officer who before of retirement. reaching the age of retirement becomes totally disabled "(k) Whenever a Foreign Service Officer becomes for useful and efficient service by reason of disease or separated from the service except for disability before injury not due to vicious habits, intemperance, or willful reaching the age of retirement the total amount of con¬ misconduct on his part, shall, upon his own application tribution from his salary with interest shall be returned or upon order of the President, be retired on an annuity to him except as provided in section 25 of this act. under paragraph (e) of this section: Provided, however, “(1) The Secretary of State is authorized to expend That in each case such disability shall be determined from surplus money to the credit of the Foreign Service by the report of a duly qualified physician or surgeon retirement and disability fund an amount not exceeding designated by the Secretary of State to conduct the ex¬ ip,000 for the expenses necessary in carrying out the amination : Provided further, That unless the disability provisions of this section, including actuarial advice. be permanent, a like examination shall be made annually “(m) Any Diplomatic Secretary or Consular Officer in order to determine the degree of disability, and the who has been or any Foreign Service Officer who may payment of annuity shall cease from the date of the hereafter be promoted from the classified service to the medical examination showing recovery. grade of Ambassador or Minister, or appointed to a “Fees for examinations under this provision, together position in the Department of State, shall be entitled to with reasonable traveling and other expenses incurred in all the benefits of this section in the same manner and under the same conditions as Foreign Service Officers: ‘Provided. That any person now included in the benefits of the retirement provisions under the act of May 24, 1924, and the amendment thereto of , 1926, shall continue to be entitled, to said benefits under the same conditions as Foreign Service Officers.’ Hotel I'afayette “(n) For the purposes of this act the period of serv¬ ice shall be computed from the date of original oath of office as Diplomatic Secretary, Consul General, Consul, Corner 16th and Eye Streets, N. W. Vice Consul, Deputy Consul, consular assistant, consular agent, commercial agent, interpreter, or student inter¬ preter, and shall include periods of service at different times as either a Diplomatic or Consular Officer, or while on assignment to the Department of State, or on special duty, or service in another department or establishment of the Government, but all periods of separation from the service and so much of any period of leave of absence without pay as may exceed six months shall be excluded: Provided, That any or all service in the Department of State or as clerk in a mission or consulate prior to ap¬ pointment as a Foreign Service Officer may be included in the period of service, in which case the officer shall pay into the Foreign Service retirement and disability fund a special contribution equal to 5 percentum of his annual salary for each year of such employment included Only three minutes from the State, War in such period of service, with interest thereon to date and Navy Departments, the White of payment compounded annually at 4 percentum. House, and all Clubs, and is the “SEC. 20. In the event of public emergency any re¬ center of all that is worth tired Foreign Service Officer may be recalled tempo¬ rarily to active service by the President, and while so while serving he shall be entitled in lieu of his retirement allowance to the full pay of the class in which he is tem¬ SPECIAL RATES porarily serving. TO THE DIPLOMATIC AND “SEC. 21. That all provisions of law heretofore CONSULAR SERVICE enacted relating to Diplomatic Secretaries and to Con¬ sular Officers, which are not inconsistent with the pro¬ visions of this act, are hereby made applicable to For- 230 The National City Bank of New York and Affiliated Institutions

THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK CAPITAL, SURPLUS AND UNDIVIDED PROFITS $146,176,246.85 (AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1927)

HEAD OFFICE TWENTY FOUR BRANCHES IN 55 WALL STREET, NEW YORK GREATER NEW YORK

Foreign Branches in ARGENTINA . BELGIUM . BRAZIL . CHILE . CHINA . CUBA . DOMINICAN REPUBLIC . ENGLAND . FRANCE . INDIA . ITALY . JAPAN . JAVA . PERU . PORTO RICO REPUBLIC OF PANAMA . STRAITS SETTLEMENTS . URUGUAY . VENEZUELA.

INTERNATIONAL BANKING CORPORATION (OWNED BY THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK)

Head Office: 55 WALL STREET, NEW YORK

Other Foreign and Domestic Branches in UNITED STATES . PHILIPPINE ISLANDS . SPAIN . ENGLAND and Representatives in The National City Bank Chinese Branches.

BANQUE NATIONALE DE LA REPUBLIQUE D’HAITI (AFFILIATED WITH THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK)

Head Office: PORT AU-PRINCE, HAITI

THE National City Bank of New York and the International Banking Corporation, are equipped to supply every banking facility for international trade, including the issuance of commercial and travelers' letters of credit for use in any part of the world, and the purchase and sale of ex¬ change. The National City Bank also offers highly developed trust services for individuals, cor¬ porations, estates, and for insurance companies and like institutions. It acts as executor and trustee of estates, custodian of securities, agent in the management of property, and as fiscal agent for foreign governments and foreign corporations.

THE NATIONAL CITY COMPANY (AFFILIATED WITH THE NATIONAL CITY BANK OF NEW YORK)

HEAD OFFICE OFFICES IN 50 LEADING 55 WALL STREET, NEW YORK AMERICAN CITIES

Foreign Offices: LONDON . . COPENHAGEN . GENEVA . TOKIO . SHANGHAI. Canadian Offices in MONTREAL . TORONTO. The National City Company, through its offices and affiliations in the United States and abroad, offers a world-wide investment service to those interested in Dollar Securities.

LONDON OFFICE: 34 BISHOPSGATE, E.C. 2.

231 eign Service Officers when they are designated for serv¬ ice as Diplomatic or Consular Officers, and that all acts or parts of acts inconsistent with this act are hereby repealed. “SEC. 22. That the appropriations contained in Title I of the act entitled ‘An act making appropriations for the Departments of State and Justice and for the Judiciary and for the Departments of Commerce and Labor for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1929, and for other pur¬ poses,’ for such compensation and expenses as are affected by the provisions of this act are made available and may be applied toward the payment of the compen¬ sation and expenses herein provided for. “SEC. 23. That there is hereby established in the De¬ partment of State an additional Assistant Secretary of State and a legal Adviser (in lieu of the Solicitor for the Department of State, which office is hereby abol¬ ished), to be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, whose salaries together with those of the Undersecretary of State, and the four Assistant Secretaries of State shall be at the rate of $10,000 per annum. The additional Assistant Secretary of State shall not be when appointed or for two years prior thereto, a Foreign Service Officer. He shall ad¬ minister the Foreign Service and have supervision over the Division of Personnel and he shall have no other duties assigned to him. “SEC. 24. (a) 'That there is hereby established in the Department of Stale a Division of Personnel to be under the supervision of the additional Assistant Secretary of In Office, Factory and State established by section 23.’ The Secretary of State is authorized (1) in accordance with the civil service School laws to appoint, and, in accordance with the Classifica¬ tion Act of 1923, and later amendments thereto, to fix In the commercial centers—in the the compensation of, such officers and employes in the Division of Personnel, as may be necessary for the ad¬ cities and far-off corners of the earth—in ministration of this act, or (2) to assign to the Di¬ the schools of every nation—in fact vision of Personnel from other bureaus or divisions in wherever human thoughts and deeds are the Department of State such officers and employes as he deems advisable: Provided, That no person in an recorded — there you will find the executive position in the division shall be of lower classi¬ fication than Grade 5—senior professional or Grade 12— Underwood the standard of typewriter chief administrative, or in corresponding grades of later efficiency. acts or amendments. No officer in the Foreign Service Stenographers and typists realize that “Under¬ of the United States shall be appointed or assigned to the Division of Personnel nor shall any person be ap¬ wood” means fast and accurate typewriting— pointed or assigned thereto within two years following with less fatigue and better work. The execu¬ service as a Foreign Service Officer, nor shall service tive, too, appreciates the value of “Underwood” in the Division of Personnel be accounted service in the work—clear, clean-cut letters down to the last Department of State for the purposes of appointment to carbon, and he knows that when a letter is the position of Foreign Service Officer, or as service in some other position in the Government for reinstatement “Underwood” typed it represents the company’s in the Foreign Service, as provided in section 5 of this highest standard. act. A demonstration on the “Underwood” will “(b) The Secretary of State is authorized to make place you under no obligation. such expenditures (including expenditures for personal services and rent at the seat of Government and else¬ UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER CO., INC. where, and for law books, books of reference, and 1413 New York Avenue N. W. periodicals) as may be necessary for the administration Washington, D. C. of this act. “(c) There shall be a board of selection for Foreign Branches in all Principal Cities Service Officers composed of the Assistant Secretary, who shall be chairman, one member of the Personnel Office, who shall be secretary, and three other competent UNDERWOOD persons to be appointed annually by the Secretary of State not more than one of whom may be a Foreign Service Officer. It shall be the duty of the Board of Speeds the Worlds Business Selection to recommend promotions in the Foreign Serv¬ ice and to furnish to the Secretary of State a list of 232 NEVER before have beauty ami downright value so rivalled each other for predominance in a motor car. Whether you buy the Hupmobile "Six of the Century because of its classic eye-appeal or because nowhere else can such complete motoring satisfaction he obtained for your investment, you may be assured of this—higher ex¬ penditure can bring you no greater return in exterior refinement, in interior luxury, in hidden, under-the-honnet mechanical excellence. B |JI I A4CTCE CAC CCEP. DETROIT, MICHIGAN, U. S. A. CABLE ADDRESS : HUPP, DETROIT

233 Foreign Service Officers of Class I who have demon¬ strated special capacity for promotion to the grade of Minister. To perform the duties hereinbefore set forth the Board of Selection shall be convened not later than December 1 of each year. All over the world “SEC. 25. The Division of Personnel shall assemble, record, and be the custodian of all available information in regard to the character, ability, conduct, quality of Gargoyle work, industry, experience, dependability, and general availability of Foreign Service Officers, including reports of inspecting officers and efficiency reports of supervising officers. All such information shall be appraised at least QUALITY once in two years and the result of such appraisal ex¬ pressed in terms of excellent, very good, satisfactory, or poor, accompanied by a concise statement of the consider¬ is acknowledged ations upon which they are based, shall be entered upon records to be known as the efficiency records of the offi¬ cers and shall constitute their efficiency ratings for the period. The information appraised for any one rating ’“TRAVELERS returning from any period will not be included in the appraisal for any other A rating period except to correct an error made in the part of the world bring back appraisal for a preceding period. No facts or opinions or allegations unfavorable to an officer shall be taken into the same story—the familiar red consideration in determining his efficiency rating, except Gargoyle sign everywhere, symbol after the officer’s reply thereto and the conclusion thereon of the Assistant Secretary of State supervising the Per¬ of quality and correct lubrication. sonnel Division. The Assistant Secretary of State supervising the Personnel Division shall be solely re¬ Over the worst roads of Africa and sponsible for the accuracy and impartiality of the effi¬ ciency records of Foreign Service Officers. Each entry Asia—over the boulevards of Paris of a rating upon an efficiency record shall indicate clearly the authority for the entry made and shall be initialed by and London—through the torrid the officer or employe actually placing the entry upon heat of Sahara and the long bitter the record. Every Foreign Service Officer shall be en- titled to see his own efficiency record upon request by winters of Norway—in the vessels him. Not later than November 1, every two years, the Personnel Division shall, under the supervision of the of the Seven Seas—in the production Assistant Secretary of State, prepare a list in which all of the world’s mechanical power and Foreign Service Officers shall be graded in accordance with their relative efficiency and value to the service. widespread industries — Gargoyle In this list officers shall be graded as excellent, very good, satisfactory, or poor, with such further subclassi¬ products have proved themselves fication as the Assistant Secretary shall find necessary. All officers rated satisfactory or above shall be eligible first in quality. for promotion in the order of merit to the minimum salary of the next higher salary class. This list shall You are always sure with not become effective in so far as it affects promotion until it has been considered by and has the approval of the Assistant Secretary: Provided, That this list shall not be changed before the next succeeding list of ratings The World’s Quality Oils is approved except in case of extraordinary and con¬ spicuously meritorious service or serious misconduct, and any change for such reason shall be made only upon the written direction of the Assistant Secretary of State, setting forth the reasons for such change, which shall be inscribed upon the efficiency records of the officers affected. From this list of all Foreign Service Officers recommendations for promotion shall be made in the £LU.V order of their ascertained merit within classes. Recom¬ mendations shall also be made, in order of merit, as shown by ratings in the examinations, for appointment Lubricating Oils to the unclassified grade with commissions also as Vice Consuls, of candidates who have successfully passed the examinations. All such recommendations shall be sub¬ VACUUM OIL COMPANY mitted to the Secretary of State, who shall transmit them to the President for submission to the Senate, if he sees fit. “The correspondence and records of the Division of Personnel shall be confidential except to the President, 234 HAVE YOU SUCH PHOTOGRAPHS?

Photograph by W. Robert Moore. A SIDEWALK THEATRICAL PERFORMANCE IN SIAM COMBINE PLEASURE WITH PROFIT IN UTILIZING SPARE HOURS Why not make your camera pay its own way ? On the In each case where Foreign Service contributors have streets of your post, by the roads over which you travel, in availed themselves of this opportunity, the Department of the shops and bazaars you frequent—everywhere—are bits State, to which all articles from these contributors are sub¬ of native life that are of universal interest. mitted, has been glad to approve publication. In 1,250,000 homes, old and young welcome the arrival of If some native photographer—or some friend who writes— the National Geographic Magazine each month because it is seeking such a magazine outlet, you can do him a very gives them entrance to the life of their brothers beyond the seas. This Magazine, therefore, seeks eagerly in all corners real favor by bringing to his attention the market offered of the globe for photographs and authoritative, full-of-life by the National Geographic Magazine and by explaining its descriptions of natives at work and at play. constant need for good pictures and readable, human-interest articles. Perhaps your photographs and descriptions would be accepted for publication by the National Geographic Magazine. Such Photographs and manuscripts must be examined before de¬ acceptance would prove remunerative to you and at the cision can be given. Material accepted is paid for promptly same time make your name and work known in 1,250,000 at attractive rates, while unavailable matter is returned worth-while homes. without delay by insured post. An Illustrated Booklet. Detailing the Kind of Pictures Desired Will be Sent On Your Request. Address, The Editor. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE WASHINGTON, D. C.

235 the Secretary of State, the Assistant Secretary of State to be payable out of the Foreign Service officers’ retire¬ supervising the division, such of its employes as may be ment and disability fund and except as herein provided, assigned to work on such correspondence and records, subject to the same provisions and limitations as other and the individual Foreign Service Officers concerned, annuities payable out of such fund; but no return of and except to proper administrative officers of the De¬ contributions shall be made under paragraphs (h) or partment of State, concerning the abilities and capacities of officers for special work or specific posts. (k) of section 19 of this act in the case of any Foreign Service Officer retired under the provisions of this act. “SEC. 26. That notwithstanding the provisions of sec¬ tion 3 of this act all Foreign Service Officers shall, at the Whenever it is determined by the Assistant Secretary expiration of each year of service in any class after this supervising the Division of Personnel that the efficiency act takes effect, receive an increase of salary of $100, rating of an officer is poor, thereby meaning below the except that no officer shall receive a salary above the standard required for the service, and such determination maximum of his class. Except under extraordinary cir¬ has been confirmed by the Secretary of State, the officer cumstances which shall be reported to the President by shall be notified thereof, and if, after a reasonable period the Secretary of State, no Foreign Service Officer shall of not less than one year, the rating of such officer con¬ be promoted from one class to another under this act tinues to be found poor by the Assistant Secretary and until he shall have served four years in the class from such finding is confirmed by the Secretary of State after which it is recommended he shall be promoted. a hearing accorded the officer, such officer shall be sep¬ “If after ten years of continuous service in the un¬ arated from the service with the annuity or bonus pro¬ classified grade or eight years’ continuous service in any vided in this section, but no officer so separated from other class below Class I any officer is not recommended the service shall receive the said annuity or bonus unless for promotion to the next higher class, such officer, with¬ at the time of separation he shall have served at least out regard to age or length of service shall be retired 15 years. He shall, however, have returned to him the from the service, after a hearing by the Secretary of full sum of his Contribution to the annuity fund, with State, upon an annuity equal to 25 percentum of his interest thereon at 4 percentum. salary at the time of retirement, in the case of officers “SEC. 27. That nothing in this act shall be construed over 45 years of age or in the case of officers under 45 to reduce the salary of any Foreign Service officer upon years of age with a bonus of one year’s salary at the time promotion to a higher class. of his retirement, either annuity or one year’s salary “SEC. 28. That this act shall take effect July 1, 1928.”

To the Consular Representatives of the United States:

The United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company puts at your disposal its services in writing your bond. Special attention is given to the require¬ ments of consular officers, our Washington manager, Mr. Lee B. Mosher, having formerly been in the Consular Service. When you have in mind any form of bond, this company will be pleased to write it for you.

JOHN R. BLAND, President.

United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company

RESOURCES OVER $34,000,000.00

Washington Branch Office Suite 327, Southern Building, 15th and H Streets, Washington, D. C.

236 The c.American Joreign Service dAssociation

Honorary President FRANK B. KELLOGG Secretary of State

Honorary Vice-Presidents R. E. OLDS Under Secretary of State WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State W. R. CASTLE, JR Assistant Secretary of State FRANCIS WHITE Assistant Secretary of State NELSON T. JOHNSON Assistant Secretary of State

HORACE LEE WASHINGTON President JEFFERSON CAFFERY Vice-President

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE JOHN DEWEY HICKERSON JAMES CLEMENT DUNN ROBERT D. MURPHY ARTHUR BLISS LANE CHARLES BRIDGHAM HOSMER Alternates: HARRY J. ANSLINGER ROBERT M. SCOTTEN EDWIN N. GUNSAULUS

BENJAMIN REATH RIGGS Secretary-Treasurer of the Association

JOURNAL STAFF FELIX COLE Editor WILLIAM W. HEARD Associate Editor MONNETT B. DAVIS Business Manager CHARLES BRIDGHAM HOSMER, Associate Business Manager FLETCHER WARREN Treasurer of Journal

The American Foreign Service Association is an un¬ official and voluntary association embracing most of the members of The Foreign Service of the United States. It was formed for the purpose of fostering esprit de corps among the members of the Foreign Service, to strengthen service spirit and to establish a center around which might be grouped the united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. Always Sell “C. I. F.” and Specify American Ships BY quoting prices on a basis of “c.i.f.” to give valuable advice to prospective rather than “f.o.b.” you are enabled to shippers. choose for the carriage of your cargoes American ships operated for the United Included in this fleet are the speedy pas¬ States Shipping Board, and thus in two senger ships of the United States Lines, ways give impetus to the expansion of your sailing from New York to principal Euro¬ export trade. pean ports. In addition to carrying pas¬ sengers, the United States Lines ships, led The United States Shipping Board by the famous Leviathan, provide an excep¬ Freight Services are constantly developing tional express freight service. and fostering new markets for American business—sailing regularly and frequently For complete information regarding and carrying their cargoes promptly and freight or passenger services consult safely to their destinations. Furthermore, “Schedule of Sailings,” a comprehensive they are under the direction of experienced publication issued by the Traffic Depart¬ American operators who are in a position ment, or write direct.

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