INCLUDING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MINE CLOSURE PLAN FOR QUARRYING MULTI COLOUR GRANITE (Red Multi) (Prepared under Rule 16 of GCDR, 1999 for Fresh Mining Lease) Extent : 2.11.5 Hectares S.F. No. : 511/1 Village : Karandapalli Taluk : Denkanikottai District : Krishnagiri State : Tamil Nadu
Tmt.Applicant G.Prabha, w/o K.C. Damodharan, No. 3/65, Karichipalayam, , Vettayankinaru, Village, Perundurai Taluk, Erode District,Tamil Nadu. Pin code –638055 PH : 94430 25499
S.SURIYAKUMAR, Prepared by
ConsultantM.Phil.(Geology),F.C.C.(Mining),-Geology, Mining & Environment PGDBA, (RQP &PGDIPC NABET/QCI (Industrial Accredited Pollution EIA Control) Consultant)
Reg. No. RQP\MAS\013\87\A 3/216, K.S.V.Nagar, Narasothipatti, SALEM-4. Phone (0427) 2444297, Cell : 09842729655 Email : [email protected] CONTENTS S. No. Description Page No. i) List of Annexure (a) ii) List of Plates (b) iii) Certificates (i)-(iv) Introduction 13 1.0 General 15 2.0 Location and Accessibility 16 PART – A 3.0 Geology and Exploration 25 4.0 Mining 30 5.0 Blasting 37 6.0 Mine Drainage 39 7.0 Stacking of Granite Rejects and Disposal of 39 Waste 8.0 Uses of Granite 40 9.0 Others 40 10.0 Granite Cutting and Polishing 42 PART – B 11.0 Environment Management Plan 50 12.0 Any Other Relevant Information 55 PART – C 13.0 Progressive and Final Mine Closured Plan 58 14.0 Economic repercussions of closure of mine and 63 manpower retrenchments 15.0 Time Scheduling for abandonment 64 16.0 Proposed financial Estimate/Budget for (EMP) 64 Environment Management 17.0 Abandonment Cost 65
1 (a)
LIST OF ANNEXURES
S. No. Description Page No.
I Precise Area Letter of State Govt 67
IA NOC for HACA Letter 74
II Copy of FMB 76
III Copy of Combined Sketch 77
IV Copy of Lease Deed Copy 78
V Copy of RQP certificate 91
2 (b)
LIST OF PLATES
S. No. Description Page No.
01. Location Plan I
02. Lease Plan II
03. Geological Plan III
04. Geological Sections IV
05. Surface Plan V
06. Production and Development Plan for the First VI Four Years
07. Production and Development Plan for the Fifth VIA Year
08. Sections of Production and Development Plan VII
09. Conceptual Mining Plan /Mine Closure Plan VIII
10. Sections of Ultimate Pit Limit IX
11. Progressive Mine Closure Plan Showing Land X Use and Afforestation
12. Key Map XI
3 CONSENT LETTER FROM THE APPLICANT
The Mining Plan in respect of Multi colour Granite (Red Multi) quarry over an extent of 2.11.5 Hectare in S.F.No: 511/1, Karandapalli Village of Denkanikottai
Taluk,.S.SuriyakumarKrishnagiri District, Tamil Nadu State hasRQP been\MASprepared\013\87 \A by.
Shri Recognised Qualified Person, Reg.No.
I request the Dept. of Geology and Mining, Chennai to make further correspondence regarding modifications of the mining Plan with the said recognized Person on this followingS.SURIYAKUMAR, Address,
ConsultantM.Phil.(Geology),F.C.C.(Mining),- Geology , Mining & Environment PGDBA, (RQP & PGDIPCNABET/QCI(Industrial Accredited Pollution EIA Control) Consultant)
No.3/216,K.S.V.Nagar,Narasothipatti, Alagapuram Post, Salem - 636 004. Phone (0427) 2444297, Cell : 98427 29655
I hereby under take that all modifications so made in the Plan of Mining by the Recognised Qualified Person may be deemed to have been made with my knowledge and consent and shall be acceptable to me and binding on me in all respects.
Place : Denkanikottai, Krishnagiri Date : 01.10.2015 Signature of the Applicant
4 5 S.SURIYAKUMAR,
M.Sc.,M.Phil. (Geo),F.C.C.(Min),PGDBA,DIPC. RQP & NABET/QCI Accredited EIA Consultant, No.3/216, K.S.V.Nagar, Narasothipatti, Salem - 636 004. Email : [email protected] . Phone (0427) 2440 446, 2444297,Cell : 9842729655, 9566696556 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the provisions of Granite Conservation and
Development Rules, 1999 (GCDR) have been observed in the Mining Plan for Multi colour Granite quarry (Red Multi) prospects in S.F.No. 511/1, Karandapalli Village of Denkanikottai Taluk, Krishnagiri District over an extent of 2.11.5 Hectare, Tamil
Nadu State applied by Tmt. G.Prabha w/o K.C. Damodharan, No. 3/65,
Karichipalayam, Vettayankinaru village, Perundurai Taluk,, Erode District, Tamil
Nadu for the fresh mining lease.
Wherever specific permissions/exemptions/relaxations or approvals are required, the applicant will approach the concerned authorities of State and
Central Governments for granting such permissions etc.
Certified Place : Salem, Tamil Nadu
Date : 01.10.2015 Signature of Recognised Qualified Person
6 S.SURIYAKUMAR,
M.Sc.,M.Phil. (Geo),F.C.C.(Min),PGDBA,DIPC. RQP & NABET/QCI Accredited EIA Consultant, No.3/216, K.S.V.Nagar, Narasothipatti, Salem - 636 004. Email : [email protected] . Phone (0427) 2440 446, 2444 297,Cell : 98427 - 29655.
CERTIFICATE
Certified that in preparation of Mining Plan for Multi colour Granite (Red
Multi)quarry over an extent of 2.11.5Hectare in S.F.No: 511/1, Karandapalli
Village of Denkanikottai Taluk, Krishnagiri District, Tamil Nadu for Tmt. G.Prabha w/o K.C. Damodharan, No. 3/65, Karichipalayam, Vettayankinaru village,
Perundurai Taluk,, Erode District, Tamil Nadu covers all the provisions of Mines
Act, Rules, and Regulations etc. made there under and whenever specific permissions are required the applicant will approach the Director of Mines safety,
Chennai. The standards prescribed by DGMS in respect of Miners Health will be strictly implemented.
Certified Place : Salem, Tamil Nadu
Date : 01.10.2015 Signature of Recognised Qualified Person
7 INCLUDING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MINE CLOSURE PLAN FOR QUARRYING MULTI COLOUR GRANITE (RED MULTI) IN SF.NO. 511/1, OVER AN EXTENT OF 2.11.5 HECTARE, KARANDAPALLI VILLAGE,DENKANIKOTTAI TALUK, KRISHNAGIRI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU (Prepared under Rule 16 of GCDR, 1999 for Fresh Mining Lease) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1) The area was already under mining lease owned by Mr S.R. Manogaran vide
G.O.2D No. 31 Industries (E2) Dept. dt 14.02.1995 for a period of ten
years. After the expiry of said lease the area has been applied again by
Tmt. G. Prabha
2) The present Applicant, Tmt.G.Prabha W/o K.C.Damodharan, residing at
No.3/65, Karichipalayam, Vettayankinaru village, Perundurai taluk, Erode
District, Tamil Nadu has applied for Granite Quarry lease to the Secretary
to Government, Industries Dept, Fort St. George, Chennai-9 through
District Collector, Krishnagiri and Commissioner of Geology and Mining,
Guindy, Chennai for quarrying multi colour granite from a patta land over
an extent of 2.11.5Hectare in S.F.No. 511/1, in Karandapalli Village of
Denkanikottai Taluk, Krishnagiri District, Tamil Nadu.
3) The Principal Secretary to Government in his letter No.
9690/MME.2/2015-1, dated 28.09.2015 has directed the applicant
8 Tmt.G.Prabha W/o K.C.Damodharan to get Approved Mining Plan and
Environmental clearance certificate from the state Environmental Impact
Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Chennai as per the orders of Hon’ble
Supreme court dated 27.02.2012 in IA No, 12-13 of 2011 in SLP(C) No.
19628-19629 of 2009 and Govt. of India, Ministry of Environment and
Forest Circular No. L-11011/47/2011- IA.II (M) dated 18.05.2012.
4) Accordingly, Mining Plan is prepared as per the special conditions stipulated
in letter No. 9690/MME.2/2015-1, dated 28.09.2015 and the amended
provisions of Tamil Nadu Minor Minerals Concession Rules, 1959
(TNMMCR,1959) and amended provisions of GCDR,1988 for quarrying
granite with due consideration of environmental parameters so as to obtain
Environmental clearance (EC) form State EIA Authority (SEIAA), Chennai
region as per the Memorandum dated. 18.5.2012 from MOEF.
5) Geological resource is estimated as 28144m3 and a Mineable reserve is
estimated as 19624m3 to a depth of 12m below ground level (bgl)
including top soil thickness of 2m.
6) Average production target is proposed as 1055M3 per annum and Quarry is
designed accordingly to win rough blocks of saleable materials with proper
safety measures under mechanized quarrying as per the provisions of Reg.
106 (2) (b) Metalliferous Mines Regulation,1961 and other labour welfare
Amenities as per the Mines Rules, 1955 and amended DGMS circulars.
7) Life of Mine at a rate of 1055M3 is estimated as 19 years up to a depth of 12m bgl. The life of mine shall be increased after establishing additional reserves by the proposed exploration.
9 8) General Conditions, Certified that the proposed quarrying site does not attract the general
conditions specified in the EIA Notification, 2006. Such as
i)Protected areas notified under the wild life (Protection) Act, 1972,
Critically polluted area as notified by the CPCB from time to time.
ii) There is no notified Eco sensitive areas within 10kms radius. iii) Forest (Conservation) Act 1980:Panai Reserve forest is situated about
1.24 kms on southern side and Nohanur RF is located about 5kms away.
NOC from DFO is enclosed in Annexure -II iv) The Interstate boundary is situated about 8.7 kms from the proposed site
on the western side. v) National Park/Wild life sanctuary: There is no wild life sanctuary
nearby. However necessary permissions has to be obtained from DFO and
Chief Wild warden under NWLB if the site falls within 10Kms radius, under
the Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972 vi)Coastal Regulation Zone: The quarry is located far away from sea coast
above 100kms. Hence, the project doesn’t attract the C.R.Z. Notification,
1991.
Based on size of the project (<5 Ha), it falls B2 Category.
10 9) EMP measures to be adopted shall be,
i) Dust control at source while loading and transport points like haul roads
of all the off-high ways particularly near villages by periodical spraying of
water,
ii) Unnecessary land degradation by quarrying other than the approved
Mining Plan should be avoided. Waste lands and dumps must be
reclaimed with green development with proper soil conservation.
iii) Non-active dumps should be terraced at every 5m height and spread top
soil \ humus matter to season the waste rock for afforestation. In this
connection, Forest officials and Agricultural officers shall be consulted for
planting regional trees suggested by them. Waste should be dumped
within the lease hold area.
iv) Emission test of vehicles should be in tack to maintain minimum emission
level of flue gases,
11 v) Noise level should not exceed 80dB and the vehicles should use only
permitted Air Horn while on road near residential areas, vi) Water quality for drinking purposes of mine workers should be tested
once in a year for its physical, chemical and biological matters with in the
permissible limits for drinking particularly its colour, hardness, TDS,BOD
and COD or otherwise potable water from public source should be
provided. Base line data of present water quality may be tested so as to
monitor the quality of water during quarrying as a part of any mitigation
issues. vii) Top soil should be tested for its organic and inorganic contents including
heavy metals and toxic contents, if any, so as to control leachites from
soil dumps, viii) Avoid uneven rat hole mining and follow scientific and systematic mining
by safe bench system of open cast mining.
ix) Mining near major fracture zones if any should be avoided to control
ground water fluctuation in the adjacent agricultural lands.
x) Safety Zones as 7.5m prescribed by the Dept. of Geology and Mining
from adjacent patta lands and 10m from pathai poramboke in S.F.No.
511/1 and Podugal poramboke land in S.F.No. 27/3 lying on NW corner
of the area
xi) There will not be any hindrance or disturbance to the people living on en
route\nearby our quarry site while transporting the mined out material
and due to mining / quarrying activities.
12 xii)The required insurance will be taken in the name of the labours working
in our quarry site.
xiii) And any other conditions as stipulated by the concerned authorities
should be followed to protect the environment.
INTRODUCTION:
The applicant Tmt.G.Prabha W/o K.C.Damodharan residing at No.3/65,
Karichipalayam, Vettayankinaru village, Perundurai Taluk, Erode District, Tamil
Nadu. He has adequate knowledge and skill on quarrying and export of dimensional granite blocks (rough) to various countries as well as to have a capacity to retain the domestic market. Based on his applications for Quarry Lease made to the State government, the precise area communication letter is given vide
No. 9690/MME.2/2015-1, dated 28.09.2015 over an extent of 2.11.5Hectare in S.F. No. 511/1 in Karandapalli Village of Denkanikottai Taluk, Krishnagiri district to consider his application for grant of quarry lease. The State Government has directed the applicant to produce approved mining plan and Environmental clearance certificate from SEIAA, Chennai with the following Conditions, i) A Safety distance of 7.5m should be left for the adjacent patta
lands, ii) No hindrance shall be caused to the adjacent pattadhars lands. iii) A Safety distance of 10m should be left for the adjacent pathai
Poramboke in S.F.No. 511/1 and Podugal poramboke land in S.F.No. 27/3
lying on NW corner of the area iv) While quarrying no hindrance should be given to the linear doleritic band
noticed on the southern border of the applied area.
13 v) Green belt should be formed with300 tree plantations and maintained in
good conditions and wire fencing should be constructed all around the
applied area. vi) The applicant should fence the granted area with barbed wire fencing
before execution of the lease deed as follows:
The pillar post shall be firmly grounded with concrete foundation of
height not less than 2meters with a distance between two pillars shall
not be more than 3 meters. vii) The lessee shall strictly adhere to the statutory and safety requirements. viii) The waste materials should not be dumped in the river and no hindrance
should be caused to the flow of water in the river. ix) Quarrying shall be done as per the approved Mining plan and that the
mining plan is approved without prejudice to any other law applicable to the
quarry lease from time whether such laws are made by the Central
Government, State Government or any other authority. x) The lessee shall submit scheme of mining; Mine closure plan and other
statutory requirements within the time stipulated for submission as per
Rules of GCDR,1999 xi) The District Collector, Krishnagiri shall obtain a sworn –in- affidavit from
the applicant containing the above conditions before execution of lease
deed and also ensure that the instructions issued in Government letter No.
12789/MMB-2/2002-7, Industries Department, dated 09.1.2003 are
complied with.
14 The area applied for mining lease is gently sloping ground due north. The outcrops of multicolour granite is well exposed on the western side and weathered partly on the southern side and intermittent top soil capping. The areas is surrounded by partly agricultural fields with maize, ground nuts and partly dry land. The surface features of the land are shown in Plate V. Water table is located at a depth of 45m from the surface in the neighbour Tube wells. Temperature of the region is reported to be 28ºC to a max. of 40º C during summer. Rain fall of this area is about 900mm during monsoons in a year. Regional crops are maize, ground nuts etc. No other area of public interest is found in the vicinity.
By virtue of its excellent appearance, it find a niche in the commercial market in the building Industry for decorative purposes in the form of labs, tiles, monuments, cut to size, markers etc and to some extent in Engineering Industries also.
1.0. GENERAL
1.1 a) NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE APPLICANT
Name and : Tmt G.Prabha
Address : W/o K.C.Damodharan,
No.3/65,Karichipalayam, Vettayankinaru village, Perunduari taluk, Erode District, Tamil Nadu. Pincode-638055 Contact No. : +91 94430 25499 b) STATUS : Individual 1.2 a) TYPE OF GRANITE THE APPLICANT INTENDS TO MINE: Multi Colour Granite (Red Multi)
b) Period of Mining Lease: 20 years
15 c) Name and address of the RQP / Authorised person preparing the Mining plan Name : S.SURIYAKUMAR M.Sc., M.Phil (Geology). F.C.C. (Mining), PGDBA, DIPC (Industrial Pollution Control). Address : Suriya Mining Services, No.3/216, K.S.V. Nagar, Narasothipatti, Alagapuram Post, Salem – 636 004. Web site : www.suriyamining.com E-mail : [email protected] Phone : 0427 – 2440446 Fax : 0427 – 2444297 Mobile : +91 9842729655 Reg.No (IBM) : RQP/MAS/013/87/A. Validity : Valid up to 08.11.2021 d) NAME OF PROSPECTING AGENCY
No detailed prospecting was carried out by any agencies. The applicant had selected the area by outcrop observation e) REFERENCE NO. AND DATE OF CONSENT LETTER FROM THE STATE GOVERNMENT: Fresh Mining Lease – Precise area communication letter No. 9690/MME.2/2015- 1, dated 28.09.2015. It is attached in Annexure –I.
2.0 LOCATION AND ACCESSABILITY a) DETAILS OF THE AREA The Location of the area is given in Plate I. It is represented by Survey of India Topo sheet No. 57 H/11 with center of reading 12º27’19.38034”N and 77º41’42.96136”E with elevation 873m above MSL.
16 Fig.2 Showing Location and route map of applied area for Quarry lease
17 Co ordinates of each boundary pillar of the lease boundary are given as under, DGPS Survey Reading:
G.Prabha Phone: 94430 25499
Karadapalli Village Fax:
Denkanikottai Taluk
Krishnagiri District
Project information Coordinate System Name: Name: UTM Size: Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: Zone: 43 North (75E) Reference Geoid: EGM96 (Global) number: Description: Vertical datum: Point List
ID Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code (Meter) (Meter) (Meter) 1 794883.004 1378617.801 898.823 pillar 2 794868.598 1378565.773 890.782 pillar 3 795052.796 1378614.779 904.042 pillar 4 795029.659 1378757.422 916.838 pillar 5 794940.143 1378723.730 907.757 pillar 6 794885.708 1378704.094 897.702 pillar x 794886.840 1378611.074 900.762 testing 9/15/2015 Trimble Business Center 03:07:03 PM
18 All boundary pillars are plotted as per the above UTM values and the lease plan is perfectly geo referenced to global positioning including verification of total extent. Details of field work done by DGPS survey is shown in the photo below. Boundary Pillar and fencing should be made as per norms (S1 barbed wire fencing - with post at 3m interval and barbed wire at every 30cm spacing)
Fig.3: Photo Showing Base unit of DGPS at Pillar “A”
19 Fig.4: Photo Showing Base unit of DGPS at Pillar “D”
Land Particulars as given below:
State & Taluk Village S.F.N0. Extent Ownership\ District (Hec) Occupancy
Tamil Nadu 511/1 2.11.5 Krishnagiri Denkanikottai Karandapalli Patta Land TOTAL 2.11.5 Ha
The area is accessible at a distance of 6kms from Karandapalli Village on southern side. There is no NH or SH road, railway line found within 10kms radius. The area is a moderately elevated terrain. The village road is located nearby the site on the northern side for transport of materials.
20 Route:
Krishnagiri 56Kms Hosur 28Kms Denkanikottai 14Kms Palathotanpalli
3Kms
Details of Infrastructure is given as under,
S.No. Description Place Distance (Kms) 1 Railway Keelamangalam 25 2 Post office Padiganalam 2 3 Airport Bangalore 85 4 Police station Denkanikottai 16 5 Fire service Denkanikottai 16 6 Primary Health Palathotanapalli 3 centre
7 Union Karandapalli 2 8 School Billimithirai 2 9 DSP Office Denkanikottai 16 10 Villages i) North Thotta billimithirai 2 ii) South Padimandoddi 2 iii) East Sithumanthodi 3 iv) West Kadasupalli 4
21 Fig. 5 : General View of the Existing Pit
Fig. 6 Outcrops at NE side of the area
22 Fig.7 : Google image shows location of proposed quarry with surface features around 500m
23 Fig.8 : Google image shows Lease boundary of the proposed quarry
24 PART – A
3.0 GEOLOGY AND EXPLORATION a) Physiography: The area applied for mining lease is gently sloping ground due west. The outcrops of multi colour granite are well exposed on the western side in the existing pit and weathered partly on the eastern side and intermittent top soil capping. The area is surrounded by partly agricultural fields with maize, ground nuts etc. The surface features of the land are shown in the surface plan in Plate V. Water table is located at a depth of 45m from the surface in the neighbour tube well. Temperature of the region is reported to be 28ºC to a max. of 40ºC during summer. Rain fall of this area is about 900 mm during monsoons in a year. Regional crops are maize, ground nuts etc. No other area of public interest is found in the vicinity. Nearest Rail head is located about 25 kms from the site in Kelamangalam. Post office is available at Padiganalam and Police station at Denkanikottai. b) REGIONAL GEOLOGY The area forms part of the peninsular gneiss, the most wide spread group of rocks in many parts of the southern India. They consist of a very heterogeneous mixture of different types of granites intrusive into the schistose rock after the latter were folded, crumpled and metamorphosed. They include granite granodiorites, gneissic granites and banded or composite gneisses. The banded gneiss consists of white bands of quartz-Feldapar alternating with dark bands containing hornblend, biotite and minor accessories. The peninsular gneissic varity rose in colour with less grey colour with interclatiopns of quartz-feldspathic material along gneissosity. Migmatisation of varing kinds of rocks such as basic granulates; Charnockite and sillimanite gneiss has given rise to grey biotite gneiss. Subsequent invarsion of rose pegmatite into biotite gneiss has rendered the grey gneiss to few vestiges within migmatite complex. The rose feldspar pegmatite permeation is mostly parallel to the gneissosity along with the garnet, thereby giving a design to the rock. The rose feldspar dominate over grey feldspar
25 giving yellowish white appearance to the rock type. The granite gneiss occurs as monad nocks and hillocks. The order of superposition of geological sequence are given as under,
Description AGE Top soil – Morum(1m Thick) - Recent Age Pegmatite and Quartz Veins - Archaean Age Red Multi\Grey Granite - “ (Kolar Group) Biotite gneiss - Archaean Complex The regional rocks mostly composed of quartz, plagioclase feldspar, orthoclase feldspar and accessories minerals like mica.
C) GEOLOGY OF THE PRECISE AREA The area of mining lease comprised of Migmatite, a type of Red Multi granite with light colour and good wave patterns. Massive outcrop is found on the western sides (Red Multi). The eastern side of the area is covered by red soil concealing the outcrops. Granite on eastern side is appeared to be more weathered than the western side. The rate of recovery will be more on western side than eastern side. Average rate of recovery is taken as 20% based on filed geological and structural aspects. The mineral constituents are biotite, quartz, orthoclase feldspar and plagioclase feldspar. The biotite is fine grained and other minerals are medium grained. The graphic texture and intergrowth of quartz and feldspar indicates that younger intrusive were invaded into the pre-existing country rock, which preferably would have been a biotite gneisses(Peninsular Gneisses).Flowage structure and texture of rock indicates deep seated metamorphism at high temperature and pressure. Dimensional cutting and polishing of these type of hard and compact rocks exhibits an attractive pinkish and grey shades of background with attractive wave patterns. It is a part of peninsular gneisses migmatised by younger intrusive. It is commercially called as “Red Multi” by the buyers in view of its wave pattern of accessory minerals. The rock is hard, compact and sheet in nature so as to cut required sizes of blocks. The mineral constituents of the rock mass shall be about orthoclase
26 feldspar 40%, quartz roughly 25%, Plagioclase feldspar 25%, mica 15% and others 5%.
The order of superposition of geological sequence are given as under,
Description AGE Top soil – Morum(1m Thick) - Recent Age Migmatite (Red Multi) - Archaean age Biotite gneiss - Archaean Complex
The strike of the granite body is trending in NE-SW direction and dips vertically. The regional trend is shown in the geological plan. There is some gneissic rock formation between two granite bands. d) DRIANAGE PATTERN:
There are no odai or water bodies nearby. The applicant shall protect soil erosion from his lease area with proper earth bund on leeward side. She has to form a silting tank and sand filter for rain water passing through quarry area before discharging Mine water into natural drains e) EXPLORATION i) Already carried out :
The RQP and his Survey team along with the applicant had carried out the survey, to map the geological and surface details of the area. The multicolour granite is very well exposed at the surface as outcrops with little top soil capping intermittently. No exploration was carried out to find the massive sheets for exploitation. ii) Propose to be carried out : Three bore holes are proposed in the Geological plan (Plate-III) preferably with core drill to a depth of 45m each using Nx and Bx size to study the rate of recovery, colour, texture and wave patterns etc. Necessary mining geological details can be observed during mining by employing a Qualified Geologist to identify the texture and structure of geological formations for proper
27 extraction of blocks and orientation working faces to minimize the wastes and to increase the recovery. f) METHOD OF ESTIMATION OF RESERVES The geological and mineable reserves are estimated by cross- sectional method up to a depth of 12m.The workable granite deposit is expected from 2-12 m and beyond it. Rate of Recovery of saleable blocks as below based on field conditions, Bench Height Recovery Slice or Bench I = 0-2 mts. 0 % Slice or Bench II –VI = 2- 12mts. 20 % Realistic factor of rate of recovery shall be obtained after completion of three proposed bore holes (Nx & Bx size core size) with some close spaced geophysical surveys using Wenner configuration system (VES) in soil cover area. g) GEOLOGICAL RESERVES
The geological reserves is estimated for the area allowed for mining by the Cross-Sectional method is as 28144 M3 up to a depth of 12m including topsoil thickness of 2m, having considered the depth of mining, recovery, safety barriers etc. A detail of estimation of geological reserves is given in the table-I
TABLE –I
Reject Recovery SECTION L (m) W(m) D(m) Volume @80% @20% (m3) (m3) 23 40 4 3680 736 2944 AB-X1Y1 58 40 12 27840 5568 22272 8 15 6 720 144 576 AB-X2Y2 56 40 9 20160 4032 16128 5 40 8 1600 320 1280 AB-X3Y3 19 40 6 4560 912 3648 27 40 9 9720 1944 7776 CD-X1Y1 36 28 19 19152 3830 15322 CD-X2Y2 52 28 23 33488 6698 26790 CD-X3Y3 55 24 15 19800 3960 15840 TOTAL 140720 28144 112576 Total geological Reserves up to a depth of 12m = 28144 m3
28 h) MINEABLE RESERVES AND ANTICIPATED LIFE OF MINE
The mineable reserves is estimated by cross-sectional method having considered the recovery factor, depth of mining, safety barriers etc., The mineable reserves is estimated as 19624M3. Details of estimation of mineable reserve are given in Table –II below,
TABLE-II L Recovery Reject SECTION W(m) D(m) Volume (m) @20% @80% 23 40 4 3680 736 2944 AB-X1Y1 57 40 6 13680 2736 10944 51 32 6 9792 1958 7834 8 15 6 720 144 576 AB-X2Y2 56 39 3 6552 1310 5242 56 29 6 9744 1949 7795 5 32 4 640 128 512 13 30 6 2340 468 1872 AB-X3Y3 15 18 6 1620 324 1296 9 6 6 324 65 259 16 28 2 896 179 717 35 27 6 5670 1134 4536 CD-X1Y1 29 14 6 2436 487 1949 23 5 6 690 138 552 50 28 6 8400 1680 6720 52 28 6 8736 1747 6989 CD-X2Y2 52 26 6 8112 1622 6490 46 14 6 3864 773 3091 33 27 4 3564 713 2851 CD-X3Y3 48 17 6 4896 979 3917 42 7 6 1764 353 1411 TOTAL 98120 19624 78496 TOPSOIL AB-X1Y1 60 59 1 3540 3540 AB-X2Y2 56 22 1 1232 1232 AB-X3Y3 25 24 1 600 600 CD-X1Y1 37 43 1 1591 1591 CD-X2Y2 52 54 1 2808 2808 CD-X3Y3 56 33 1 1848 1848 TOTAL 11619 11619
29 WASTE 58 18 6 6264 6264 AB-X1Y1 58 3 6 1044 1044 AB-X2Y2 56 10 6 3360 3360 27 18 2 972 972 AB-X3Y3 27 10 6 1620 1620 36 13 2 936 936 CD-X1Y1 36 4 6 864 864 36 3 6 648 648 52 23 6 7176 7176 CD-X2Y2 52 10 6 3120 3120 55 4 2 440 440 CD-X3Y3 55 2 6 660 660 TOTAL 27104 27104 GRAND TOTAL 136843 19624 117219 Mineable Reserves = 19624m3 Total Waste (78496m3+11619m3+27104m3)= 117219m3 117219/19624=1:5.9 Granite to waste ratio =
The overall pit slope is taken as 60° from the horizontal. The recovery factor is taken as 20% for benches II-VI based on structural and geological setting of this area.
The life of the mine is computed as 19 years at a production rate of 1055 cubic meters per annum for the mineable reserves as per Table -II. However, life of mine shall be increased more than 20 years after completion of the proposed holes as per plate -III.
4.0 MINING a) Proposed Method of Working: Open cast method of semi- mechanized mining will be adopted to extract the dimensional blocks of required size from the area. Development and earth work will be carried out by hydraulic excavator and tipper combination. Rest of work like drilling, blasting, wire saw cutting and dressing will be done manually with aid of portable compressors and Jack Hammers. Tata crane is proposed to use for lifting granite blocks from the pit bottom to surface.
30 b) Year Wise Production and Development for the first five Years: The development involves only removal of small amount of top soil and rejects amounts to 80%. The annual production is proposed as 1055m3 for the next five years and generation of rejects are shown as under in Table -III, TABLE-III Recovery Reject YEAR L(m) W(m) D(m) Volume @20% @80% (m3) (m3) 2015-16 24 35 7 5880 1176 4704
5 15 6 450 360 2016-17 1073 42 39 3 4914 3931
5 32 4 640 512
2017-18 13 30 6 2340 1006 1872
19 18 6 2052 1642
2018-19 29 29 6 5046 1009 4037
2019-20 21 40 6 5040 1008 4032
TOTAL 26362 5272 21090
TOPSOIL 2015-16 24 35 1 840 840 2016-17 56 22 1 1232 1232 2017-18 25 24 1 600 600 TOTAL 2672 2672 WASTE 56 10 6 3360 3360 2016-17 27 18 2 972 972 2017-18 27 10 6 1620 1620 5952 5952 GRAND TOTAL 34986 5272 29714
Total Production for the FIFTH Years = 5272m3
31 Total Waste (21090m3+2672m3+5952m3) = 29714m3
Granite to Waste Ratio =29714/5272=1:5.6
Production plan is given in Plates VI & VIA. c) i) Composite Plan and year wise section are given in Plate VII
ii) Proposed rate of production when mine is fully developed
The proposed rate of production when mine is fully developed shall be about 1055 cubic meters of saleable granite blocks per annum. iii) Conceptual Mining Plan (Final Mine Closure Plan):
Conceptual Mining Plan is prepared with an object of long-term systematic development of bench lay - outs, selection of permanent dump so as to avoid re- handling, setting roads, to determine ultimate pit limit, depth of mining and ultimate pit slope, selection of sites for construction of infrastructures etc.,
Ultimate Pit Dimensions : The ultimate pit size is designed based on certain practical factors such as the economical depth of mining, safety zones, permissible area etc., The Ultimate pit of the quarry is given as under,
Pit –I : Bench L (w) W (m) D(m) I 141 48m 1m II 138m 46m 6m III 136m 42m 6m IV 134m 30m 6m V 128m 18m 6m VI 115m 32m 6m
Pit –II : Bench L (w) W (m) D(m) I 145m 54m 1m II 33m 46m 6m III 114m 43m 6m IV 129m 38m 6m V 81m 26m 6m
32 VI 69m 14m 6m
Average depth of mining is 12m from the surface level. However, during extraction of blocks each bench will be of 6m height with vertical slope for proper dimensional cutting. The quantum of excavation is estimated as 136843m3 to a depth of 12m, of which, the rejects and waste are estimated as 117219m3including topsoil. Part of rejects will be dumped on the lease boundary and rest by back filling. Details of Ultimate dump dimensions (m) are given as under,
DUMP DIMENSIONS (M) Topsoil (Earth bund) = 11619m3 Part Backfilling & ext. dumping = 105600m3 ------
Total Volume of Excavation up to = 117219m3 Ultimate pit Limit with 12m depth bgl ------d) OPEN CAST MINES i) Mode of Working:
Granite blocks of the following standard sizes will be extracted from this mine by Open cast semi-mechanized method of mining using Shot hole drilling with a aid of compressor and Jack hammers ,smooth blasting, block lifting using cranes and waste and rejects removal using Hydraulic excavators and tippers combination. Diamond wire saw shall be used to cut the blocks from the parent body. Working plans and sections showing the layout of faces and direction of mining are given in Plate VI-X.
The economical depth of mining is taken as 12m having considered several field phenomenon such as limit of lease boundary. Five benches are designed to exploit the granite blocks by conventional methods. The benches each of 6m height and width not less than the height are designed to win the blocks. ii) BENCH DESIGN PARAMETERS:
Top soil shall be removed and stacked separately along Lease boundary as
33 Earth Bund which will be used for afforestation purposes in phases. Granite benches will be formed to a height of 6m and width not less than 10m for movement of machineries while working and the final slope shall be 60°. Initially the granite benches will be vertical for dimensional cutting of blocks. The applicant is proposed to produce dimensional blocks to measure,
Minimum size = 1.50 x 1.00 x 1.00m = 1.50 cu.m.
Maximum size = 3.40 x 1.90 x 1.80m = 11.62 cu.m.
Construction of parapet as a fencing around such ultimate pit limit on top of opencast workings will be arranged to safeguard the mine from inadvertent entry and hazards.
PROPOSED BENCH DIMENSIONS (M)
Year Bench Length (m) Width(m) Height(m) Slope
I I 24 35 6 Vertical II I 56 22 6 ,, III I 25 24 6 ,, IV II 29 29 6 ,, V II 21 40 6 ,,
Overall pit slope 60° iii) PRE-SPLITTING:
Preface development is must for extraction of dimensional blocks without cracking or fissuring of the body during drilling and blasting. To achieve such preface a pre splitting technique using Jet burners on the advanced direction are resorted to a distance of 6–10m.So as to isolate the working face from the remaining area. These practices are followed to minimize the formation of artificial cracks and tensional fissures that are developed after blasting in the advance direction.
Shot - hole drilling with jack hammers and line drilling with top hammers will be used at close spaced intervals to develop cracks along the line of drilling and to open the blocks. Low strength explosives or merely detonating fuse may be used
34 to create a “pre-determined line of cracks“ so as to pull out the blocks from the working faces.
Block - Lifting is an art to remove the cracked rough block from the face by a Crane/Excavator. The debris and rejects and waste will be cleared from the face by Hydraulic Excavator and tipper combinations. The rough blocks will further subjected to dressing to a desired size by secondary cut at the surface.
The rough dimensional blocks will be supplied to the potential domestic and overseas customers. The waste will be dumped on the specified place remarked for dumping as shown in the Plate VI-X. e) EXTENT OF MECHANISATION
The machineries proposed to engage in the mines for systematic operation and development of quarry to augment extraction of blocks are in Table-IV. 1. Drilling :
Drilling of shot-holes will be carried out using compressor and Jack Hammers combination. Depth of holes shall be 2.5m for 3m bench height. The spacing shall be 30 - 40cms and burden from the preface depends upon the size of block. However the it is preferred to have 1 - 1.5m burden from the preface for effective pulling of blocks. In case of burden in excess of 1.5m the spacing should be adjusted smaller, less than 30cms.To achieve a correct blasting geometry certain amount of trial blast is pre-requisite to effect a perfect pre-determined crack to release the block from the parent rock.
Details of Drilling equipments are Table-IV below,
Type Nos. Dia. Of Size/Capacity Motive H.P. Hole Make Power Jack Hammer 4 32mm Hand held Atlas Diesel 60 Copco Compressor 1 -- ELGI 7.5 Kgs/cm2 “ 450
c) Loading Equipment:
Loading of waste and granite rejects shall be done by Hydraulic Excavators into 10 tonner’s tippers for clearing of waste and rejects from the working place
35 periodically. The applicant is engaging one Hydraulic excavator with 1.2m3 capacity and two tippers of 10 tonnes capacity for internal transport of rejects from the working face to the dumps. Block lifting also done by the same excavator. Details of Loading equipments are table-IV below, Type Nos. Size/Capacity Make Motive Power H.P Hydraulic 1 1.20M3 Tata Hitachi Diesel 180 excavator d) Haulage and Transport Equipment: Transport of Rejects and waste are removed by Tippers of 10 tonne capacity
Fig.8 a) Hydraulic Excavator – b): Tipping Truck LC 370 Type Nos. Size/Capacity Make Motive Power H.P Tipper 2 10 M.T Ashok Leyland Diesel 110
4) Miscellaneous Operations: i) Extent of Manual Mining Manpower will be engaged for drilling shot-holes, line drilling, smooth blasting, Jet burner operation, dressing of granite blocks, cutting and removal of small amount waste or rejects and support service labours for operation of machineries. The materials required for manual workings are listed as under,
36 1. Drill rods - 450mm, 800mm,1650mm, 3900mm and up to 7200mm. 2. Steel alloy chains of sufficient lengths with dia. of 12 - 18mm with “D’ Shackles. 3. Crow bars of 1500 - 1800mm lengths, 4. Rubber hose and clamps, Feather and wedges of 15 cm and 30 cm sizes utilized for splitting of blocks. 5. Spades, Sludge hammers, Iron Pans and chisels. ii) Pumping : Dewatering arrangements shall be made to pump out the rain and percolation of ground water during rainy seasons. A stand by pump with 10 H.P. capacity is essential to meet the emergency.
5.0 BLASTING Controlled Blasting technique will be adopted to open a pre-determined crack of the block from the parent body. Shot-hole with 32-36mm dia. which are drilled by line drilling and Jack hammers at a close spaced interval of 30 cms will be initiated suitably with any one or more of the following methods, i) Pre-splitting ii) Cushing blasting with low strength and very low dia. cartridges by axial priming or standard dia. cartridge with intermittent stemming materials. iii) Water impulsion with Detonating cords of sufficient power, Preferably 10 gms per metre to develop cracks along the line of drilling, a) BROAD BLASTING PARAMETER
Dia. of the hole = 32 - 36 mm Spacing = 30 cms Depth = 2.5 m Burden = Min =1m ; Max = 2m Charge per Hole = D.cord with water or 70 gms of gun powder or slurry.
37 Wire saw Cutting & Drilling
Vertical Holes
Wire saw cut
Wire saw Cut
Horizontal Holes
Charging of Vertical Holes
Detonating Fuse 5-10 gms/m
--
-- Holes filled with water
Charging of Horizontal Holes
OD with safe fuse Explosive Column 42--62.5 gms of Cartridge
+++++++ -----EEEE
Stemming Material in the form of cartridge
In watery holes, the water pressures that are developed while initiating the detonating fuse will act as a cushion to move the blocks and form a line of crack. In other cases, small vibration created by low explosives open the artificial shear plane \tensional crack formed by a line of drilling. Sometimes wedges are used to cut the major blocks into smaller sizes after drilling of holes to a depth of 30-40 cms. Then the blocks are dressed to desire sizes. b) TYPE OF EXPLOSIVES: Common explosives used to develop a line of crack along the line of drilling are, i) Detonating Fuse or Cord with 10gms of Expl. per metre, ii) Low explosives like Gun powder or 70 gms of slurry cartridges, iii) Ordinary Detonator, class- 6 iii) Safety fuse, class -6 .
38 c) Powder factor : The Powder factor for waste rock development shall be 7 tonnes per Kg. of explosives. d) STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES
The applicant is advised to store the explosives as per the Indian Explosives Act, 1958. The explosives to be used in mines being a small quantity the District collector may be approached to keep the stocks not exceeding 5 kgs at time or any other quantity permitted by the concerned authorities in a portable magazine of S & B types.
6.0 MINE DRAINAGE a) Surface Water control: There is Major River found around 5kms radius. The area is covered by rocky exposure and agricultural fields. b) Water Table: The ground water table is observed at a depth of 45m in the tube wells at lower levels. As the mining is proposed for a depth of 12m bgl from the surface. It may not disturb the ground water. c) Quantity and Quality of Ground water: The recuperation of ground water may not rise immediately due to shallow mining. The rain water percolation and collection shall be less than 300 lpm and it shall be pumped about periodically by a stand by diesel powered centrifugal pump motivated with 7.5 H.P. Motor. The quality of water is potable without any contamination and it shall be pumped into the adjacent agricultural fields and plantation area.
7.0 STACKING OF GRANITE REJECTS AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE:
Granite rejects which amounts to 80% of the total excavation, about 3 117219M will be generated for mining up to 12m depth. It is revealed in the Conceptual mining plan showing the ultimate depth of mining and ultimate pit configuration. Maximum height and spread of dumps for the first five years are given as under, Year wise production of Reject and waste are tabulated as under,
Year Topsoil Overburden/Waste Granite Total (M3) (M3) Rejects (M3) I 840 --- 4704 4704 II 1232 4332 4291 9855 III 600 1620 4026 6246
39 IV ------4037 4037 V ------4032 4032 Total 2672 5952 21090 29714
Maximum height and spread of dumps for the first five years are given as under,
DUMP DIMENSION (M) Topsoil (Earth bund) = 2672 m3 Reject \Waste(55mX28mX17.55m) = 27042 m3 TOTAL = 29714m3 All the rejects shall be dumped along lease area temporarily as per Plate VI-X. The undressed blocks will be stacked at the entry of mine within the lease area for dressing and lifting into the carriers. Land chosen for dumping is barren and virgin it does not contain any massive deposit. 8.0 USES OF GRANITE The raw block generated will be utilized for export purpose. However based on the market, granite blocks will be sold in the local market for manufacture of slabs, Panels, Tiles and monuments, Kitchen Platform, Kitchen sinks, name plates, etc., The applicant company has polishing unit.
9.0 OTHERS a) SITE SERVICES:
Sufficient stocks of spares, lubricants and fuels have to be maintained at the mine site for effective and optimum Utilization of man power and machineries. Infrastructure required for such mines like office, stores, canteen, First-aid station, shelter, latrine and bath rooms have to be provided as per the Mines Rules, 1955 as a welfare amenities for mine Labours. All such infra structures are shown in the Plate- XI. b) EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL: i) Management and supervisory Personnel:
The mine shall be operated with a system of deploying heavy machineries like Hydraulic excavator, cranes etc., a Qualified Mining Engineer as per Rule 38(1)(a) of GCDR,1999 should be appointed to perform the duties specified to him under these provisions.
40 For the purpose of Mines safety under the provisions of MMR,1961 under the Mines Act,1952 the Mining Engineer so appointed should have First /second class Mine Manager certificate to act as a Manager of the Mine as per the Mining laws. To supervise daily, of all workings and the persons employed therein the first class Manager so appointed must be assisted by a second class Manager or a Foreman certificate holder. Wherever the workers are employed more than 10, it is preferred to have a qualified Mining Mate to keep all the production workers directly under his control and supervision. A mines clerk shall also be appointed to keep the registers and record of the mine and make necessary entries for the persons employed in the mines. ii) Labour - skilled-semi skilled and unskilled:
The following labours are working in the mines,
1) Skilled Operators : 5 Nos. Mechanic : 1 No. 2) Semi-skilled Drillers : 5 Nos. Compressor : 1 No. Driver : 3 Nos. Jet Burners : 2 Nos. 3) unskilled Dresser/cutter : 20Nos. Office boy : 1No. ------Total Labours = 38 Nos. ------Management and supervisory staffs = 2 Nos. Skilled-semi skilled and unskilled = 40 Nos labours ------Total employees = 40 ------The labours shall be properly organized under the supervision of qualified persons and therefore the following organization is proposed for implementation.
41 ORGANISATION CHART
Owner/Agent (mines)
Permit Manager / Mining Engineer
Clerk cum Record Keeper Mining Mate
Office Assistant
Blaster Work Men Drillers
10. GRANITE CUTTING AND POLISHING:
The applicant does not have the facilities to cut and polish the rough blocks of granite. She proposes to export the rough blocks directly to the potential buyers of the Domestic and world market.
42 PART - B
11.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN A) BASE LINE INFORMATION i) Land use Pattern: The area is comprised of red soil and outcrops of multi colour granite. Water table of the area is said to be fluctuated between 40-45m during a year in the adjacent tube well. The average thickness of top soil is 1-2m occur over granite deposit.
The Land use pattern at present and at the end of fifth year is given as under,
S.No Description Present Area to be at the end % of Use area (Ha) of fifth year MP period (Ha) 1 Area under Mining 0.38.10 0.58.10 28% 2 Mines Road 0.02.10 0.03.10 1% 3 o/B or waste Dump 0.18.65 0.18.65 09% 4 Labour shed & Office 0.008 0.00.80 1% 5 Processing Plant 0.0 ------6 Safety and 0.00.0 0.45.55 21% Plantation area 7 Rail ways 0.0 ------8 Tailing pond 0.00.0 ------9 Unutilized 1.51.85 0.85.3 40% Total 2.11.50 2.11.5Ha 100 ii) Air quality: Air sampling was done as there is no activity in this mine and no dust rise is observed. Dust fall data may be taken from the district observation for threshold values. iii) Water quality: A water sample from the open well adjacent to the mine was sent to lab to assess hardness, salinity, colour, specific gravity, PH, turbidity, COD, BOD, fluorine etc iv)Noise levels: Threshold sound level is reported as 60dB.
43 v) Vibration levels: No activity to test vibration of longitudinal waves and its peak particle velocity. vi)Water Regime: There is Major River found around 5kms radius. vii) Public building, Places and Historical monuments: No infrastructures like residential building, places of special interest like temples, archaeology, sanctuaries etc., are found in the radius of 500m.
Viii) Flora and Fauna:
Flora as observed and identified in the field are covered by photograph and shown below. Mostly Palm tree, Tamarind, Pala tree, Pungai trees are found more on regional scale. The applicant has developed trees like Casuarinas, Teek, Tamarind etc with proper nursery garden and plantation on vacant land.
Fig No.9 (a) Pala tree (Artocarpus integrifolia) b) Pungai Tree (Pongamia glabra Vent)
c) Moongil(Bambusa aurandinacea Retz) d) Tamarind(Tamarindus indicus) Flora is represented by herbs and shrubs of local species and free regional trees and their botanical terms are given as under with numbers.
44 TREES :
S.No. Name of trees Botanical Name Number Remarks 1 Tamarind Tamarindus indicus 2 Growing poor 2 Pala Artocarpus integrifolia 3 Growing well
3 Palai Mimusops herandra 2 ” 4 Pungai Pongamia glabra Vent 3 “ 5 Moongil Bambusa 1 “ aurandinacea Retz
SHRUBS :
S.No. Local Name Botanical Name
1 Korai Elacocarpus aerratas 2 Erukku Calotrophis gigantea 3 indumul Pterolobium indicum 4 Thulasi Ocimum santum
HERBS:
S.No. Local Name Botanical Name
1 Poolai poondu Aerva lanata 3 Thumbai Leucas aspera 4 Peru Nerunji Pedalium murex 5 Kantangkathri Solanum xanthocarpum 6 Nerunji Tribulus terrestris
LIST OF CULTIVATES CROPS IN THE CORE ZONE (500m)
S.No. BINOMIAL ENGLISH NAME TAMIL NAME
1 Cocos nucifera Coconut Thennai 2 Teak - Tectona grandis Tekku 3 Casurina casuarina equisetifolia Savukku
Fauna is represented by rabbits, rat, scorpion, millipedes etc
45 xii) Climatic Conditions:
a) The average actual rain fall of Krishnagiri is reported as 1000.8mm per annum. Pictorial representation and annual statistics for the last 10 years of rain fall data of Krishnagiri district is given as under,
46 b) Temperature Throughout the month of May daytime temperatures will generally reach highs of around 33°C that's about 91°F. At night the average minimum temperature drops down to around 22°C, that's 71°F.
In recent times the highest recorded temperature in May has been 38°C that's 101°F, with the lowest recorded temperature 15°C, about 60°F.
Relative Humidity
The average daily relative humidity for May is around 64%. c) Heat Index The Heat Index is a measure of how hot it feels when relative humidity is added to actual air temperature. From this a comfort level is calculated providing categories on how heat conditions might adversely affect someone.
Comfort Levels: Given average maximum temperatures and humidity levels you can expect dangerous heat conditions. Sunstroke, muscle cramps and heat exhaustion are likely. Heatstroke is possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity (see heat index for more information).
d) Precipitation The average monthly amount of precipitation has been recorded at around 122 mm, that's 5 inches. Throughout the month you can expect to see rain or drizzle falling on 10 days of the month.
e) Wind The average daily wind speed in May has been around 6 km/h, that’s the equivalent to about 4 mph, or 3 knots. In recent years the maximum sustained wind speed has reached 63 km/h, that’s the equivalent of around 39 mph, or 34 knots. f) YEARLY TRENDS: WEATHER AVERAGES & EXTREMES The following charts show yearly weather trends with information on monthly weather averages and extremes.
47 Temperature
The chart below plots the average high and low temperature for each month of the year. It also shows the maximum and minimum recorded temperatures.
48 49 x) Human Settlement:
The following villages are found in the buffer zone with population as per 2011 census. The Karandapalli Population is 4435 peoples of both male and female.
Name of Direction Distance from Population Village Mines (Approx)
North Thotta 1.2kms 942 Billimithirai South Padimanthodi 1 800 East Sithumanthodi 2 700 West Kadasupalli 1 472
xi) Public Building Places of worship and Monuments: No infrastructures like residential building, places of special interest like temples, archeology, Sanctuaries etc., are found in the radius of 1km. Karandapalli Village is situated about 6kms on the northern side. B) ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
i) Dust: Dust expected to be generated from drilling, hauling roads, place of excavation etc will be suppressed by periodical wetting of land by spraying using
MgCl2 solutions. Wet drilling and dust extractor arrangements will be provided to drilling units so as to control raise of dust from the site of drilling. Operators, those exposed directly to such conditions will be provide such protective equipments like mask, ear plug, helmet, gloze etc as per the Mines Act. ii) Temporary storage and Utilization of Top Soil: Small quantity of top soil shall be dumped separately for afforestation purposes.
iii) Proposal for reclamation land affected by mining activities during and at the end mining lease period:
The depth of granite deposit is not known. However for economical planning, the depth is taken as 12m from the surface. Immediate reclamation of land does not rise for this deposit. However it pit will be used for miscellaneous purposes like fish pond, rain water storage etc., after completion of mining. All waste and reject materials will be dumped as per the mining plan.
50 iv) Programme of Afforestation:
Regional trees like Casuarinas. Eucalyptus, Teak, acacia etc will be planted along the Lease boundary and avenues as well as over Non-active dumps at a rate of 60 trees per annum with interval 5m in between. The rate of survival expected to be 80% in this area. Land use and Afforestation Plan is given Plate X. v) Stabilisation and Vegetation of Dumps:
The materials to be dumped shall be very hard in nature and it does not require any grading separately. The materials like granite rejects shall be graded automatically during dumping by Excavator and tipper combinations. Part of top soil will be spread over the Non-active dumps along the slope and edges to plant tree sapling to form vegetal cover over the dumps. Such vegetal cover will prevent erosion of dumps during rainy seasons. The program of tree planting is given as under,
Year Place Type of Trees Number Rate of survival I Lease Boundary Neem, Tamarind, Eucalyptus 60 80% & Other Regional Trees II Lease Boundary Neem, Tamarind, Eucalyptus 60 80% & Other Regional Trees III Lease Boundary Neem, Tamarind, Eucalyptus 60 80% & Other Regional Trees IV Lease Boundary Neem, Tamarind, Eucalyptus 60 80% & Other Regional Trees V Lease Boundary Neem, Tamarind, Eucalyptus 60 80% & Other Regional Trees vi)Treatment and Disposal of water from mines: Measures to Control Erosion / Sedimentation of Water Course: The water to be pumped from the quarry shall be treated in sump containing Sand filters before discharging into natural drainage. Granite sheet extraction will not produce any waste which pollutes the ground water. Drinking
51 water to mine labour will be supplied from public source or bore well to be drilled by the applicant. The rain should be collected by garland drainage around the Lease boundary or pit and to allow settling in a small pit for settling suspended particles before passing to natural drainage system. vii) Measures for minimizing adverse affect on water regime:
Sampling of water shall be done at discharge point to check the quality of water as per TNPCB standards. viii) Protective measure for ground vibration: Only shot hole blasting shall be adopted for breaking the boulders and hard rocks. No deep hole blasting or machineries will be engaged in this mine. Vibration from blasting or heavy machineries will be absent. ix) Measures for protection of historical monuments and rehabilitation of human settlements likely to be distributed due to mining activity: No historical monuments or area of special interest or any other sanctuaries are found around 1 km from this area. Village also located about 1km away and no dwellings around 500m. Therefore rehabilitation of human settlement or protection of historical places or monuments does not arise. x) Others like legal factors like tribal issues, national park etc There is no much heavy industries in this area. About 40 persons is expected to get benefit due creation of employment in this mine. The villager will get some income due to growth of mining industry. There are no legal issues or tribal problems associated with this mine. It is patta land in a village and no tribal issues here. National park, monuments etc totally absent around 5 kms. (xi) Monitoring schedule: Top soil conservation and dust control, surface water contamination during rainy season, ground water protection, trees plantation are the main area of EMP attention is required for this “B” category mine. xii) Socio-economic benefits arising out of Mining:
The mining operation will create an employment of about 40 persons, of which 80 % will be from local people (Son of Soil). After development of mine from this area, not only provide employment opportunities but also the industrial culture and civilization to the village people. Beneficiary villages are Savirabattam,
52 K.Hosur, Kachchuvadi, Padiganalam and its hamlets Status of the village from 2001 to 2011 as per census data and socio economics are given below,
Rural Population Characteristics - Denkanikottai Taluk
Krishnagiri district in Denkanikottai taluk had a population of 347474 persons in 2011 provisional census. There were about 178989 men (51.51%) according to 2011 census and 168485 women (48.49%) in census 2011. In denkanikottai taluk had a total household 57781 in 2001 which is increased 70781 in according to census 2011. Rural population of 309901 in 2011 census previous census 279430 persons in 2001. There were about 159980 men according to 2011 census and 143780 men in 2001 census marking an increase of 16200 men over the previous census. During 2001 there were about 135650 women (48.55 %), which increased to 149921 (48.38 %) in 2011 census. Rural literate accounted for 120109 persons (42.98 %) in 2001 and increased to 164783 persons (53.17 %) in 2011. There were about 51.91 percent males in 2001 and 60.09 percent in 2011. There were about 45468 (33.52 %) females increased to 68656 (45.79 %) classes as rural literates during year of 2011. The average sex ratio in Denkanikottai rural was 943.5 during 2001 and decreased in 937.1 the year of 2011. The lower sex ratio may be either due to the migrants for educational purpose and employment opportunities. Table No. V Rural Population Characteristics - Denkanikottai Taluk, Krishnagiri District (2001- 2011)
S.no Characteristics 2001 % 2011 %
1 Rural Household 57781 70781
2 Rural Population 279430 309901
3 Male Population 143780 51.45 159980 51.62
4 Female Population 135650 48.55 149921 48.38
5 Rural Total_ Literacy 120109 42.98 164783 53.17
6 Male Literacy 74641 51.91 96127 60.09
7 Female Literacy 45468 33.52 68656 45.79 8 Sex Ratio 943.5 937.1
53 Waste management:
The waste to be generated shall be debris of portable size hard rock without any clay soil and connate water and therefore collapse of dumps is not possible for this mine. The waste\Rejects shall be dumped over the safety Zone and barren area as Plate –VI-VIII. Dump quantity at the end of 5th year and at the end of Life of Mine are given as under,
Description End of 5th Year End of Life of Mine
Topsoil Earth bund for plantation Earth bund for plantation purpose. purpose.
Reject 29714M3 117219M3
Waste ------
All the rejects shall be dumped along lease area temporarily and back filled over the mined out area in future. Small pieces of granite shall be used for tile and monument industries. Huge gang saw size blocks shall be used for making slabs etc as well as for exports.
54 xiii) Tailing dam management : No ground water discharge or slurry from the mine and thereby no tailing or settling tank required for this mine except a small pit for decanting the slurry water. 12.0 ANY OTHER RELEVENT INFORMATION
The area of mining lease contains Multi colour granite mainly composed of Quartz, more Plagioclase and less orthoclase feldspar. It is commercially called as Red Multi, the rock is hard, compact and sheet in nature so as to cut required sizes of blocks. The geological reserves and mineable reserves are estimated as 28144M3 and 19624 M3 respectively for the lease area up to a depth of 12m. Systematic mining with proper orientation of working faces and blasting techniques will improve the recovery, by which the mining cost will be so low from the present status of mining; also the valuable rock will be conserved. Engaging Diamond wire saw cutting machine will improve the rate of recovery to more than 25%. Geotechnical studies:
Chance of slope failure in such hard rock mining is normally negligible. Overall pit shall be maintained at 60° for working pits. The mine is absolutely free from geotechnical problems and therefore no geotechnical studies on engineering properties of rocks and rock dynamic studies had been done for this area.
Hydrological studies (Surface and ground water) By geophysical methods:
The ground water fluctuates between 40-45m in a year. During rainy season they work on top of the benches and during summer they work on bottom of the benches so as to avoid unnecessary pumping of ground water. No major ground water or slurry pumping involved which affect the mining and environment. Base line data study with aid of NABET Accredited consultant and Hydrogeological study and Geophysical investigation on ground water potential study under progress for Environment clearance.
55 ECONOMIC EVALUATION
Investment on Machineries ( Rs in Lakhs) a) Tata P & H Crane (one) 70 Tonners = Hire b) Hydraulic Excavator (1.7M3) one Nos = 65 c) Tippers 10 Tonners (Two Nos.) = 20 d) Screw Compressors (two) XA140 = 15 e) Line drilling and Jack Hammers = 6 f) Diamond wire saw cutting Machine = 10 g) Workshop facilities = 5 ------Total = 121 Lakhs or 1.21 Crores ------Some machinery shall be hired initially for production purposes. Tata P & H shall be engaged from the adjacent quarry. Therefore tentative investment for this quarry shall be 1.21Crores only
56 Tentative cost of Production per cu.m of Slable granite Blocks :
The average production cost is given as Rs 16260 per M3. Details are given as under, S.No. Description Cost per MT (Rs)
1 Exploration and Development 200
2 Salary and wages 1600
3 Depreciation 1650
4 Interest on Investment @18% 1800
5 Fuels and Lubricants 1500
6 Spares @ 30% of (5) 450
7 Depreciation of Infrastructures@ 500 5% of capital
9 Royalty 2500
10 Over heads, pumping etc 500
11 Transport from Mine to Port 3500
14200
12 Sale Tax (14.5%) (item1-9) 2060
Total 16260
i) Sale value = Rs 25000 per M3 ii) Production cost = Rs 16260 “ iii) Profit = Rs 8740 per M3 or 35%
57 PART-C 13.0 PROGRESSIVE AND FINAL MINE CLOSURED PLAN
13.0 Introduction: i) Name and Address: Name and : Tmt G. Prabha
Address : W/o K.C.Damodharan,
No.3/65, Karichipalayam,
Vettayankinaru village,
Perundurai Taluk,
Erode District, Tamil Nadu.
Contact No. : +91 9443025499 ii) Location Extent of lease area:
Extent : 2.11.5Hectare S.F.Nos. : 511/1 Village : Karandapalli Taluk : Denkanikotta, District : Krishnagiri, State : Tamil Nadu Type of lease area : Non – Forest land / Patta land. Present land use pattern : Dry virgin land. No Cultivation. Method of Mining : Opencast Mining – Semi mechanised. 13.1 Mined – out land: Depth of mining is estimated as 12m. It is fresh area, there is no mined out area. The Land use pattern at present and at the end of fifth year is given as under,
58 S.No Description Present Area to be at the end % of Use area (Ha) of fifth year MP period (Ha) 1 Area under Mining 0.38.10 0.58.10 28% 2 Mines Road 0.02.10 0.03.10 1% 3 o/B or waste Dump 0.18.65 0.18.65 09% 4 Labour shed & Office 0.008 0.00.80 1% 5 Processing Plant 0.0 ------6 Safety and 0.00.0 0.45.55 21% Plantation area 7 Rail ways 0.0 ------8 Tailing pond 0.00.0 ------9 Unutilized 1.51.85 0.85.3 40% Total 2.11.50 2.11.5Ha 100
Part of the virgin area will be afforested and the Mined out Land during the mining plan period is very shallow and it will be used as percolation Pond for storage of water for Agricultural use after reaching sufficient depth. 13.2 Water Quality Management: There is surface body of water available within the ML area. Ground water table is located at a depth of 45m and fluctuating between 40-45m in a year where as mining is planned up to a maximum depth of 12m only. Therefore pumping of ground water or surface water does not arise in this mine. The turbid rain water during rainy season is proposed to settle in a pit before discharging in to the natural stream for settling the suspended particles. No other EMP required for water quality management. 13.3 Air Quality Management There is no gaseous matter to be generated in this mine. Dust generation during drilling of shot holes, haul road, smoke from vehicles shall be controlled as given below, i) Dust extractor or wet drilling to be followed to control dust at source of emission during drilling,
59 ii) Emission level in all machineries and transport vehicles to be tested once in a year to keep them in control with proper maintenance and service as per TNPCB Standards, iii) Water sprinklers along the sides of haul road shall be fixed to control fly of dust while transporting minerals and waste, iv) Avenue trees along roads and green belt around ML boundary shall be planted with density of 1500 trees per Hectare as per the norms of MoEF to control fly of dust, noise etc, v) In above all, labours engaged in such dust prone areas should be provided with safety devices like ear muff, mask, goggles etc as per the MMR,1961 amendments and circulars of DGMS under the provisions of occupational diseases. vi) Labours may be permitted officially to undergo medical checkup to test silicosis and other respiratory check up once in 5 years And other guidance required under these laws should be strictly adopted. 13.4 Waste Management The waste to be generated shall be debris of portable size hard rock with some fines. No clayee matter shall present in the waste. The solid waste shall be dumped systematically with proper repose angle and stabilization as given below,
60 i) Gradation of dump shall be done automatically as coarser materials go to the bottom and finer at the top and therefore drain of rain water flow freely to the bottom without endangering the stability of dump, ii) Stabilization of dump with top soil and tree plantation shall make the dump more stable on long, iii) 1m height parapet shall be constructed for dumps more than 6m height along the toe to prevent and control wash out from dumps entering into natural system through rain water, iv) Garland drainage around dump shall prevent under wash of dump by hydrostatic pressure to be developed by surface water and control wash outs and collapse, v) Dump should be terraced for every 5m height and stabilized as above, vi) As practically as possible the dump should be made as per the plate VIII on barren grounds so as to avoid re-handling so that the dump shall be seasoned and stabilized. Dimensions of Dump at the end of 5th year and at the end of Life of Mine are given as under,
Description End of 5th Year End of Life of Mine
Topsoil Earth bund for plantation Earth bund for plantation purpose. purpose.
Reject 29714M3 117219M3
Waste ------
13.5 Top Soil Management: Top soil is a precious product of the earth which normally forms from the rocks by weathering by millions of years of exposures to the atmosphere with aid of oxygen and water. These top soil causes for development of amino acids and genesis of plant kingdom. Therefore, the top soil should be removed separately before developing the face for granite and waste benches. The top soil should be dumped along the Lease boundary for dump afforestation and use of agricultural
61 purposes. Top soil should not be mixed with other waste or reject materials. It should be conserved by judicious utilization in the mine premises. 13.6 Tailing Dam Management: No water shall be used for quarrying or any other processing except drinking water to be drawn from public sources. Some stagnation of rain water in the pit shall be used for wire saw cutting and recycled using slurry pumps. Therefore need for tailing dam does not arise. But tailing control of rain water flow during rainy season has to be done by decanting the SPM in a pit before passing the water into natural system. 13.7 Infrastructure: Approach road is available from the village road up to the applied area. Basic amenities for workers and field office shed such as First Aid Station, canteen, Rest Shed, Toilet etc as per Mines Rules, 1955 shall be made available at the entrance of mine. 13.8 Disposal of Mining Machinery: No proposal for disposal of machineries during the first five years of mining plan period. 13.9 Safety and Security: No immediate abandoned plan, being a shallow operation. S1-type of stone fencing will be constructed around the open pit mines and watch and ward shall be to safeguard the mine from access to surface openings. 13.10 Disaster Management and Risk Assessment: Name and Address of Contact Person coordinating in case of Eventuality is, Name : Tmt G. Prabha
Address : W/o K.C.Damodharan,
No.3/65, Karichipalayam,
Vettayankinaru village,
Perundurai Taluk,
Erode District, Tamil Nadu.
Contact No. : +91 9443025499 Manager will be appointed and he will be provided suitable communication
62 facilities. Primary Health centre is available in Karandapalli for medical emergencies, about 6kms away from the mine.
13.11 Care and Maintenance during temporary discontinuance:
Watch and ward are provided permanently in the Mine premises to monitor the Mine openings to prevent inadvertent entry. Top soil bund is made partly and Stone fencing is proposed all around lease boundary to safe guard the mine and the adjacent livings. Temporary discontinuance will be minimum as there is enough demand for these materials in tiles industries. 14.0 Economic repercussions of closure of mine and manpower retrenchments 14.1 Number of local residents employed in the mine, status of continuation of family occupation and scope of joining occupation back. 40 Persons get employment. Most of labours are Agriculturist. In case of closure of mine, they may continue their own agricultural work or in other neighbor mines. Being a proposed quarry immediate retrenchment may not arise. 14.2 Compensation given or to be given to the employees connecting with sustenance of himself and their family members. In case of any closure of mine the compensation under Industrial Dispute Act will be paid as per law. All workers shall get retrenchment benefits as per labour laws under enforcement. 14.3 Satellite occupations connected to the mining industry – number of persons engaged therein – continuance of such business after mine closes. The quarrying activity shall lead to development of several ancillary units and business, which are explained below: i) Other than mine employment, workshops, spare parts, tyres and tubes and related several self-employment opportunities. ii) Several shops and service providers shall grow in the public adjacent to mines, iii) Schools and city development shall also be possible owing to the fact of economic growth in the village.
63 14.4 Continued engagement of employees in the rehabilitate status of mining lease area and any other remnant activities. In the event of closure of mine, the mine worker shall get alternate work or business like agriculture etc. No serious repercussions envisaged in the event of cessation of mining activity, as they will be provided employment in other mines belong to the company. 14.5 Envisaged repercussions on the expectation of the society around due to closure of mine. Persons on Roll at the time of closure will get benefit as per State Govt. guidelines as applicable at the time of retrenchment 15.0 Time Scheduling for abandonment: The following works are scheduled before abandoning the mine, i) Parapet wall of 2m height will be constructed around the pit, ii) Planting and monitoring of Afforestation programme. As there is no proposal for closure of mine for the next 5-10 years. The abandonment of quarry does not arise. The parapet and plantations will be done during the year 2016-17. In case of any abandonment the following time is required, Activities Days for schedule Time schedule for fencing 6 months Time schedule for reclamation 1 year of mined out area
16.0 Proposed financial Estimate / Budget for (EMP) Environment Management a) Project cost / investment i) Land Cost : Rs 15,00,000 ii) Machinery to be used : Rs 121,00,000* iii) Refilling / Fencing : Rs 75,000 iv) Labourers Shed : Rs 75,000 v) Sanitary facility : Rs 50,000 vi) Other items : Rs 75,000 Total Rs 138.75lakhs (* Part of machineries shall be hired)
64 b)EMP Cost
i) Drinking water facility for the labourers = Rs 75,000 ii) Sanitary arrangement = Rs 70,000 iii) Safety Kits, = Rs 75,000 iv) Water sprinkling for dust control = Rs 75,000 v) Afforestation etc. = Rs 3,80,000 vi) Social responsibility = Rs 4,00,000 Total Rs 10.75lakhs 17. Abandonment Cost: Being a deep dipping deposit and depth persistence is yet to be established by proposed exploration and therefore program of back filling or reclamation of Land will be considered after completion of exploration to ascertain the cut-off limit of Mining. However budgetary provisions for Afforestation program and rehabilitation of the Area shall be carried out with cost as given below, i) Budgetary Provisions under abandonment At the end of At the End of Life 5th year of Mine i) Afforestation Rs.20,000 Rs.1,00,000 (Planting and Securing) ii) Backfilling --- Rs.3,00,000 iii) Rehabilitation of Area --- Rs1,50,000 (Dump Grading) iv) Construction of Parapet --- Rs.50,000 Rs.20,000 Rs.6,00,000
65 ii) Year wise break up details are given as under, S.No. Budget for EMP Description Area covered Expenditure (Hec) (Rs) 1 Reclamation & Rehabilitation Nil Nil of mined out area
2 Stabilisation & Rehabilitation Nil Nil of dumps
3 Afforestation Rs.30000\year
Total budget for afforestation for 5 years = Rs 150,000 iii) Budget provision for Environmental monitoring (under EIA & EMP)
Air sampling Water Analysis Noise (Rs) Ground SPM & gaseous (for 23 elements) vibration (Rs) matter (Rs) (Rs) 4000 per station 7000 x 2 = Rs 3000 x 2 = Not required x4= Rs 16000 x 2 14000\year Rs 6000\year season = (Core zone only) (Core zone) Rs 32000\year (Core zone only)
Totally Rs.46, 000 per year shall be allotted for monitoring of EMP. No abandonment during first five years and therefore no budget are allotted for the first five years. Total budget for Afforestation and EMP shall be, Expenditure = Rs 30000+ 46000 = Rs76,000 per year Period = 5 years Budget Amount = Rs 380,000 for five years
Certified
Signature of Recognised Qualified Person
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