Loose Parts by Schemas by Michelle Thornhill

Michelle Thornhill Loose Parts and Intelligent Playthings Categorized By Schema (S)He may be Recyclable/ Additional tools/ Commercial Toys/ If your child loves: Loose Parts Natural Loose parts Large play exploring Repurposed bases Gifts * Connecting Knex, gear sets, slot-a- Popsicle sticks, match sticks, golf shape builders, magnet Earth magnets, roots, ground Containers with lids, Hammer, tape, glue, tees, paper clips, binder rings, builders, unifix cubes, Log rounds or twine, rope, yarn, carabiners, felt pieces, tissue pine, vines, spruce sap (for bread clips, pvc pipes, Ring-a-ma-jigs, Goldie Train sets, buckles, stumps for stacking, bungee cords, hooks, paper pieces, elastics, fabric, glue), beggar ticks, burdocks, nuts and bolts, electrical Blox, Straws & Lego, harnesses, tires, boards, chains, cable ties, paper, burlap, balsa wood, post- sweet gum balls, cicada shells, wires, marettes, twist connectors, bristle fridge magnets, wooden spools, latches and fasteners, its, labels, glow stick bracelets, blocks, Magneatos, thistle flowers, leather cord, ties, buckles and snaps tongs, webbing, flannel, stickers, marker caps, pipe cleaners, belts, Velcro hair webbing, lumber, puzzles, Snap Circuits, dandelion stems (for chains), from discarded items, stapler, safety pins, shoes rollers, corks, pins, box rivets, pallets, logs, ropes Brik-a-blok, Mecanno dried bones, wet leaves, sand, velcro from old clothes, contact paper, magnetic screws, nails, binder clips, spring and carabiners Jr., train sets, Barrel of snow, ice broccoli elastics, straws surface, corkboard snaps, bolt snaps Monkeys, snap together beads Disconnecting/ Cutting with scissors, Deconstructing brittle sticks, dead branches, knocking towers peeling bark, leaves, daisies, Battat Take-Apart down, making play String, paper, tissue paper, Telephone books for mushrooms, ice puddles and Mortar and pestle, sets, toy demolition dough into small cardbord, balsa wood, floral Giant cardboard stacking and knocking other ice forms, dry mud, safety knives, safety vehicles, silly putty, segments, tearing foam, styrofoam blocks, boxes, haystacks, over, magazines for clamshells, cobwebs, dried scissors, hammer, excavation kits, pages from books, dominoes, glow sticks, water snowbanks, cutting, egg cartons, lavender, catkins, sandstone, clippers, pliers, magnet builders, taking apart beads, balloons, evaporated balloons, sand, bubble wrap, crushable pinecones, seed pods, mallet, saw, Unifix cubes, electronics or cornstarch water (for stacks of tissue cans and bottles, corks, coconuts, slate rock, lumps of screwdrivers, hole wooden block sets, devices, destroying cracking), colored tape for boxes used electronics, knitted brown sugar, fungus, cattails, punches, fly swatters "Thin Ice" game, objects, removing peeling and cutting articles to unravel dried herbs, flowers, food "Scratch Magic" art couch cushions, items for cutting and peeling cutting hair

Trajectory Hot Wheels tracks, Planks, cable spool, Paper, pompoms, rubber Hammers, saws, catapult kit, marble Airplanes, car Helicopter pods, feathers, skate ramp, Pipes, scarves, plastic bands, balloons, corks, mortar and pestle, run, trebuchet kit, crashes, balls, sharks, leaves, flat rocks for skipping, platforms, ladder, bottles (for rockets), beanbags, spoons, rulers, targets, hoops, mini construction sets birds, Superman, stones for tossing into water, chairs, yoga ball, paper towel tubes, ping pong balls, string, zip lines, fans, launch with ramps, rocket throwing toys, sticks, pinecones, Y-shaped slide, sled, rain broccoli elastics, springs, ribbons, cotton balls, felt pad, balcony, building kits, throwing food, branches (for slingshot), gutters, a pair of plastic spoons, buckets balls, koosh balls, pieces of antacids and vinegar boomerang, jumping off things, swinging vines, live insects, trees and physio for ball toss, boxes for foam, sponges, pillows, for rockets or "pop propeller toys, knocking things cottonwood fluff, dandelions, band for giant crash zone, inner tubes, boards and cylinders (for the top", open field Frisbees, kites, down, expressive art, bursting wild snapdragon slingshot, pliable film canisters, boxes and catapults), tea pot, watering or water for Skyrocopter, Stomp basketball, bubbles, pods, snowballs, sticks as birches (for cartons for knocking can, home-made pipe throwing natural Rockets, Micro explosions fishing poles, palm branches swinging), pool down cannon for balls loose parts Shotz, soda rockets, noodles "Perfection" game

Michelle Thornhill © 2015, 2017 (S)He may be Recyclable/ Additional tools/ Commercial Toys/ If your child loves: Loose Parts Natural Loose parts Large play exploring Repurposed bases Gifts Enclosing/ Cardboard boxes, Fabric remnants, old Forts, hide and seek, Enveloping Scarves, fabric, lace, towels, Piles of leaves, sand, mud, Magnatiles, Russian stacks of tires, hats and shawls, belts, putting toys to bed, boxes, spools, paper towels, clay, walnut halves, clam nesting dolls, stacking tents, long tree watches, plastic Clothes pins, safety burying items in tissue paper, mailer tubes, solo shells, pine spills, dirt, palm cups, Lego, Brik-a- limbs (for forts), containers, cups, pins, rubber bands, sand, wrapping cups, aluminum foil, foam pieces, branches, geodes, seed pods, block, crazy forts, folding steamer basket, plastic blankets, tarps, electrical wire , string, tape, Velcro sleeping bag, igloo presents, eggs and flowers, petals, straw, pea Easter eggs, locks and keys, tables, chairs, cardboard tubes, egg tape, twist ties, mold, skipping rope, nests, hats, being stone, twigs, nests, hollow hinges, hair rollers, sponges, couch cushions, cartons, envelope magnifying glass, mosaic kit, piggy bank, inside cupboards, logs, leather hides, birch bark, nesting baskets, tissue paper, pallets, cylindrical discards from card Washi tape, Mod piñata, doll clothes, painting entire ribbons, yarn, plaster cloth, hollowed or halved coconut latches board, hollow concrete forms, stores, wrapping paper, Podge, Silly Putty canvas, Lego cheese cloth, toilet paper, shells, pumpkins, gourds, lotus blocks, mailbox, plastic culverts, newsprint, magazines, enclosures Claycrete paper mache, Paperclay pods, corn husks, giant leaves excavation kit haystacks, ball pit bubble wrap

Stacks of tires, Connect 4, stacking Dynamic Scarves, beanbags, pompoms, platforms, chairs, Plumb line, retractable toys, hammer and peg Vertical cushions, string, rope, spools, PVC pipes, wrapping paper Elevators, balls, Rocks for stacking, pinecones, ladders, walls, tree tape measure, pulleys set, bead maze, toy beads, foam balls, ping-pong tubes, Pringles chip towers, dropping water, feathers, sticks, trunks, fences, couch and ropes with bucket, elevator, parachute balls, corks, wire, bean bags, containers, K-cups, yogurt objects on purpose, helicopter pods, leaves, cushions, cylindrical small hand winch, men, rocket kits, watering can, tea pot, slinky, cups, cans, zippers, tissue concrete forms, mashers, mortar and skipping rope, ball & scribbling up and confetti, blocks for stacking, acorns, crab apples, hanging boxes, Yop bottles, solo trampoline, pestle, funnel, turkey jacks, trampoline, down, building tall spools, paper clips, dice, vines, icicles, palm branches, cups, empty boxes, straws, dumbwaiter, fireman baster, hour glass, Ogodisk, Micro Shotz, towers dominoes, light switches, chains, wood pieces for stacking coiled telephone cords pole, deep hole, water thermometer Stomp Rockets, Jacob's springs, barrel bolts pump ladder Dynamic Speed racers, traffic, Horizontal Logs, hula hoops, running laps, trains, level tables, culvert pipes, shallow scribbling left and logs, trenches in the sand, hardwood floors, Hot wheels, train Balls, marbles, level blocks ditches, planks, 4x4's, right, tennis, branches and palm fronds, pipes, wrapping paper long cardboard sets, push toys, for making roads, ribbons, curbs, stepping stones, bowling, clapping, pliable branches for building rain gutters, concrete tubes, rubber bands, boxes, fences or abacus, windup wooden rings, rain gutters, waving flags, tunnels, sand and streams, forms, balls & bottles inner tubes, physio pallets for attaching toys, ride-on toys, clotheslines and clothespins, vacuums, lawn timothy hay, flat rocks or ice for bowling, parachute, bands, bearings, wheels, gutters and pipes, marble run, sports streamers, wires, strings, mowers, tunnels, chunks for launching, shopping cart, corrugated roofing preattached equipment, air beads, half-pipes, elastics skateboard, stroller, pushing strollers, chestnuts, waste apples horizontal cables or hockey table wheelbarrow, bike, building roads, lines, slingshot hockey stick, golf club shakers, swordplay

Rotation/ Circularity Cylindrical concrete Jacks, plates, pot lids, wood rings, large round bowls, steel Snap Circuits,Train form, plastic culvert Cylindrical containers, paper spools, washers, metal rings, Helicopter pods, swinging drum, fan, compasses, circuit, gear toys, bead Putting trucks upside pipes, swings, cable tubes, old microwave trays/ rope, string, lasso, sticks, toilet winch, pottery wheels, maze, spiral ball run, down, turning knobs on vines, star anise, rolly pollies, spools, round hay tracks, bottles, castors, plungers, paper towel holders, lazy susan, rotating abacus, Magneatos, stereo and appliances, daisies, snowballs, tree bales, freestanding motors, knobs off old cylindrical blocks, short lengths of organizer, salad spinner, tops, toy cement mixer, planets, baseball, rounds with a centre hole, poles and trunks for appliances, roller blade pipe, nuts and bolts, screws, dowels and sticks, propeller flyers, racetracks, CD's, circling, hula hoop, pop- wheels & bolts, cups, martini umbrellas, metal acorns, snail shells, coconut hamster wheel, clothes skipping rope, water launching toys that roll, up hamper or tunnel, spinners from board games, bearings, mixing spoons, whisks, shells, water, stepping stones for toy washing wheel, spirograph, spinning in circles, merry-go-round, turn table, round cardboard hair rollers, loops of tubing or or stumps arranged in a circle, machine, drill, Euler's Disk, Gearation washing machines barrel, hose reel, from frozen pizza, paper pipes, serger spools, bobbins, hills for rolling down screwdriver, auger, magnets, spin art, rock Archimedes plates, bobbins paint roller, hinges mixer, blender tumbler screw pump Going through a boundary Yarn and plastic needles, birthday Lattice, fencing, soil, Pieces of Styrofoam candles, dowels, craft sticks, Hammer, drill, Feathers, reeds, cattails, stems, sand, shovels, picks, packaging, foam insulation, fabric, burlap, mesh, lace, pipe screwdriver, rubber Making holes in things, sticks in mud, sticks in snow, bark hoes, augers, knotty cardboard boxes, bits of grid cleaners, oasis, cork, golf tees, mallet, tent pegs, Honey Bee Tree game, poking with sticks, with woodpecker holes, clay, mud, pine boards, milk wire, chicken wire, tomato toothpicks, match sticks, beads, tweezers, pliers, hole Kerplunk, peg stackers, putting fingers in holes, old man's beard, tree slices with crates, post hole cages, bird cages, carpet buttons, chopsticks, keys and punches, shape hammer and peg set, arrows and bullets, drilled holes, cracked rocks, ice and diggers, peg boards, pieces, paper tubes, straws, locks, bolts and boards with punches, brads, spades, weaving loom, Lite- swords, ice fishing, tools, ice and salt, pine tree loosely knit blankets, bits of discarded shirts with holes, screws, balsa wood, pins, hand drills, weeding Brite, Mr. Potato Head, sewing, earrings, needles, moss patches, rotting wine rack, windows, buttons and buttonholes, colander, plastic canvas, tools, dibbers, skewers, lacing toys, rug hooking destroying safety gates, stumps, wood chips, sharks teeth, ladders, tunnel, bubble wrap, wire, twist screening, perforated steel nut crackers, stapler, kit, stretchy mouse and putting limbs through shells with holes, pumpkin, gourds, parachute, finish lines, tiles, rope, elastics, containers, napkin rings, latches, cookie cutter, fork, cheese toy bars of railings perforated limestone, spider webs, swinging doors, leaf pegboard, industrial waste hooks, wiffle ball, artificial plants, garlic press, lemon sandstone, lotus pods, cork strainer for gutters, sheets with holes from floral foam, martini picks, C&C juicer, tracing wheel milk crates punched out objects grid, tulle

Going around a Pylons, cable spools, Spirograph, stencils, Drawing around the boundary String, tape, marbles, tubes, Paper towel tubes, twigs, stumps, stepping freestanding poles and string art set, circuit edge of paper, walking spools, ribbons, cups, strings of trunks for circling, hula chicken wire, dye-sub peg board or nail the perimeter of a beads, ropes, wire, popsicle stones, stepping stumps, sets, maze toys, yo- hoop, merry-go-round, printer ribbon, rubber board, loom, playground or building, sticks, pipe cleaners, elastics, roots, ivy, vines, creepers, yo, string top, barrel, tetherball, bands, pantyhose or clusters of trees, tracing, winding string blocks for building bridges and hemp, branches, small trees, diablo, friendship bridges, balance beam, balloons cut into rings, poles or columns, around objects, tying walls, blue rocks or fabric for antlers, pine cones, ground trees, banks and bracelet kits, knots, walking over or mote-making, chains, chalk, gears flexible tubing, dryer hedgerows, winches pine, roots, driftwood, sand boulders for weaving kits, plush around obstacles, and belts, floral tape, measuring vent hose, dish drying and pulleys, hat tree, and water for motes, whelk circumnavigating, snake, race car bracelets and necklaces, tape, metal "bendy snake," C&C (peg) rack, necklace and peg racks egg casing, seaweed bungee cords, thick track, slinky, Plinko weaving, finger knitting grid ring holders ropes board

Michelle Thornhill © 2015, 2017 (S)He may be Recyclable/ Additional tools/ Commercial Toys/ If your child loves: Loose Parts Natural Loose parts Large play exploring Repurposed bases Gifts Transporting Hungry Hippos, toy Glass gems, beads, pompoms, Wood pieces, tree cookies, marbles, tiles, clothes pins, nuts Wheelbarrow, yard cargo vehicles, seeds, acorns, rocks, shells, and bolts, washers, cotton balls, cart, barrel, Plastic containers, Scoops, tongs, diggers, dump leaves, pine cones, crab Having hands full of ball bearings, magnets, pails, shopping cart, large buckets, cardboard funnel, shovel, trucks, Trunki, lunch apples, beans, wood chips, objects, full pockets, bags, baskets, tins, fanny pack, backpack, sack, boxes, Easter baskets, spade, scoops, tool boxes, back pack, containers, backpack, bindle driftwood, sand, flowers, dirt, filling and dumping, wagon, sled, reusable grocery bags, belt, clips, pulleys, mini shopping cart, stick, plastic counters, gravel, fruits, rice, peach pits, dump trucks, bags, stroller, laundry milk jugs, milk crates, clothesline, mini wheelbarrow, tiddlywinks, popsicle sticks, cherry pits, deer corn, shopping carts, basket, trolleys, used purses, cloth sacks, carabiners, hooks, wagon, ride-on toy sponges, erasers, buttons, spools, feathers, seed pods, sticks, wheelbarrows dice, chains, felt balls, cotton dollies, carts, sled, corks, rubber bands, skateboards, felt with storage, bike hollowed coconut shells, swabs, Styrofoam shapes, stroller, ride-on bread ties, caps, corks pads for furniture basket, mini figures, sticks, branches, natural confetti, foam craft shapes, toys, cardboard box toy garage with woven baskets figurines, caps elevator, toy boats

Ordering/ Dominoes, birthday candles, Bread bag clips, cups, Mirrors, empty frames, Positioning Snap Circuits, Froebel gift Putting toys in a row, magnets, buttons, popsicle sticks, nesting cups, leftover tray with ledge, flat sets, tangrams, Lego, pompoms, spools, beads, clothes Smooth rocks, slate, sticks, logs, Large hollow blocks, arranging food on a kitchen/bath tiles, taped bottomed cake pans, Jenga, geometric shape pins, match sticks, checkers, poker tree slices, stumps, acorns, crates, cable spools, plate, parking toy cars, up boxes, empty bottles, shallow boxes, ice cube builders, inset puzzles, chips, dice, chains, books, playing beans, seeds, pods, flat leaves, pallets, bricks, cardboard sorting, sequencing by sensory bottles, cardboard trays, light box, yard wooden peg board toys, cards, washers, napkin rings, hex crab apples, pine cones, dry boxes, furniture, ladders, mosaic kits, bowling set, size, arranging nuts, glass gems, tiddlywinks, paint barrels, branches, tires, tubes, K-cups, solo cups, stick, muffin tins, T- bones, shells, coconut halves, nesting dolls, Citiblocs, furniture, straightening stirrers, dowels, tiles, wooden logs, cords of wood, tissue boxes, paint square, level, ruler, snowballs, ice cubes, kindling, Katamino blocks, Kapla, rows of shoes, stacking cubes, graph paper, shoes, moulding stepping stones, Twister swatches, plastic subfloor equal arm scales, branches for "planting" in rows KEVA, Rush Hour game, books corners, tile spacers, wooden or silicone pyramid mat plumbline, geometry dinky cars, parking garage geometric shapes (hole side up) set

Transforming Mirrors, Plexiglas, Makeovers, body Styrofoam heads, fabric Mr. Potato Head, scarves, clothes pins, hair rollers, spatulas, rakes, paint, fashion dolls, string, yarn, ribbons, wire, mardi water, clay, sand, leaves, mud, remnants, boxes, paper doll clothes, building mixing spoons, fantasy, mermaids, gras beads, pipes, chicken wire, flowers, weeds, dried herbs, Wood pallets, mud tubes, binder clips, sets, Lite Brite, squeeze bottles, robots, shape beads, gems, pins, sequins, dry goods, pinecones in water, kitchen, wrapping paper, old Magnatiles, Light & spray bottles, shifters, werewolves, buttons, picture frames, paint tree needles, polishing stones, landscaping tools, clothes, jewelry, egg Color kits, Thermal chip cards, bingo chips, prisms, mashers, mortar and costumes, mixing peeling bark, feathers, wood rake, shovel, loose cartons, cheese wax, reactive toys, bottles of layered liquids, water pestle, rolling pin, media, decorating, pieces, branches, sticks, vines, bricks, large empty K-cups, bread Plasticine, Creature beads, shaving cream, body paint, cake pans, light drawing on oneself, rocks for painting, pea gravel, cardboard boxes, tabs, elastics, rubber builders, Rock hair rollers, elastics, plaster cloth, table, plastic bin, weather and sky, ice molds, soap suds, battery seeds, 'Old Man's Beard', paint rollers bands, twist ties, fashion Tumbler, Color & water basin, cooking, intentional operated Christmas lights, googly mushrooms dolls or plastic toys with Cuddle washable flashlight, magnifying mess making eyes faces/paint removed toys, shrinky dinks glass

Orientation/ Plastic culvert pipe, Brik-a-blok, Crazy Climbing everything, Telephone books for Perspective large concrete Forts, stilts, playing peek-a-boo stacking / climbing, Mats for laying on, form, ladders, microscope, games, sitting upside overturned buckets, pvc puppet theatre, Mirror tiles, convex and concave stools, rope telescope, camera, down, hanging from pipes, CD's, sunglasses, magnifying glass, mirrors, cardboard tubes, boards, Hay bales, reflective pools, hammock, lycra binoculars, bars, looking through stools and chairs, ropes, washers, transparent bottles, old compass, loupe, sand, piles of leaves, large sling, jungle gym, periscope, pop-out holes and prisms, marbles, tiddlywinks, maps, coffee cans, flashlights, shovels, rocks, stumps, logs, coconut tree house, cave, tunnel, tent, jungle transparent objects, stained glass, small figurines, dental mirrors, hangers and hooks gym, kaleidoscope, scale models, empty picture halves, snow, sand barrel, Twister standing on toys, sunglasses, colored (for building sky projector, 3D frames, colored acrylic game, large felled crawling under lenses, everyday objects downwards), tree, cornstalks, puzzles, rocking tables, optical cut open or turned overhead projector trees for climbing, horse, magic kit, fly- illusions, magic inside out. caves eye replicator, acrylic blocks Aggregating/ Combining multiples of Cumulative same objects, making effect finely detailed art, Post-its, popsicle sticks, pins, Seeds, shells, shark teeth, pebbles, Bunchems, Keva / Kapla mosaics or collage, tiles, tiddlywinks, beads, wooden stacks of tires or logs, Bottle caps, bread bag clips, burdocks, chestnuts, berries, dried Canvas, grout, clay, / Citi blocks, craft kits making confetti, cubes, aggregated magnets, planks, fallen backspash tiles, k-cups, flowers, tree rounds, wildflowers cement, measuring (Cross stitch, rug harvesting, scooping and poker chips, stacks of cups, branches, trunks for corks, CD's (broken for (for bouquets), rocks, berries, tools, timers, mirrors, hooking, friendship filling, ball pits, record balloons, gems, colored string, fort building, facing mosaic tiles), toilet paper pinecones, acorns, lotus pods, camera, mesh, gridwire, bracelets, etc.), snow- breaking, unusual beach glass, found objects sorted mirrors, room full of tubes, marker caps, cheese honeycomb or old wasp nest sand, grid paper, resin or mod block molds, origami weather events, by color, tissue paper squares, chairs to arrange, wax, industrial waste snow, mud, piles of leaves, podge, glue, mortar and paper, paint by number, statistics, lists, textiles, match sticks, dice, hair rollers, trunk cut into rounds, products in large quantities, sandstone, wool roving for felting, pestle, floral foam, rainbow loom, perler layering or polishing, sequins, ball-head pins, dried stacks of milk crates, nuts and bolts, twist ties, sticks of uniform length, polished flower press, containers beads, wool roving for assembly lines, shops, flowers, flat marbles, paper stacks of hula hoops, anything that can be stones, beach glass, straw for for collecting felting, perler bead sets, merchandise displays, mache, plaster, wax, unifix cubes, bricks, pallets collected in large amounts weaving Lego, collectables patterns, making tall math counters towers or deep holes, knitting or crochet

Sound bottle caps, plastic easter Straws, tubes, funnel, pipes, eggs (for shakers), rubber Zube Tube, musical Pebbles, tiny shells, beans, Hollow logs, garbage balloons, buttons, beads, bells, bands, pipes, cardboard Earmuffs (for other instruments, metal cans, oil buckets, fence Shaking banging or wind chimes, dowels, marbles, bamboo shoots, hollow tubes, corregated materials, posts and sticks, children), audio slinky, rainstick, tapping objects, musical tins, pvc pipes, washers, pots and branches, coconut shells, plastic water bottles, mason echoey stairwells, hula recorders, Makey Makey, slide instruments, crinkly pans, metal utensils, sandpaper walnut shells, conch shell with jar lids, pie plates, vacuum hoop, skipping rope, microphone, whistle, Euler's Disk, paper, music, rhythm blocks, cups, chains, corduroy, the apex cut off, seed pods, cleaner tubing, plastic pogo stick, yoga ball, 2 and rhyme, shouting into cheese grater, bobby pins, glasses buckets, tennis ball cans, megaphone, gong, percussion hollow gourds, blade of grass x 4's made into a giant cups or tubes, animal of water, paint stir sticks, yogurt containers, bubble stethoscope, toys from around (hold between thumbs and xylophone, large sounds, noisy appliances wrenches, wire wisk, paper wrap, gloves with washers speakers, computer the world, blow for whistle effect), garbage bins, plates, comb, brush, bottle of and buttons attached to the or tablet noisemakers, driftwood, crickets corregated roofing toothpicks, clay pots fingers, metal measuring Boomwhackers tape

Michelle Thornhill © 2015, 2017 About this chart: A schema is a repeated pattern of behavior a child employs in order to explore and learn about his or her environment. The lines between schemas are not always clearly defined. A child may exhibit an interest in one dominant schema or many schemas at the same time. One schema may be connected with another. A dynamic horizontal schema may grow into an interest in trajectory or transporting, for example. Going through a barrier and enclosing often go hand-in-hand as well. Positioning may be a sub category of transforming, or vice versa. The chart is not intended to limit materials, but rather to illuminate an educated guess as to which materials a particular child might be drawn to during open-ended play.

The method in which the materials are presented may influence a child's interest. Deeper engagement can often be garnered by setting up a provocation to play which combines loose parts conducive to a child's schematic interest with other items related to a child's thematic interests.

Example: trajectory schema + interest in monkeys> boards + logs + toy monkey + tree= monkey catapults = hours of experimentation

Internet Resources: The Theory of Loose Parts, An important principle for design methodology. Simon Nicholson 1972, Vol. 4, No. 2: http://jil.lboro.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/SDEC/article/view/1204

Shemas in Children's Play, Clare Caro 8/8/2012 http://www.nature-play.co.uk/blog/schemas-in-childrens-play

Sand and Water Tables, Tom Bedard http://tomsensori.blogspot.ca/

Facebook Groups https://www.facebook.com/groups/Loosepartsandintelligentplaythings (Or search "Loose Parts and Intellligent Playthings" on Facebook) https://www.facebook.com/groups/386341941392735/?fref=nf (Or search "Schemas Discussion Group" on Facebook)

Books: Loose Parts: Inspiring Play in Young Children, Lisa Daly, Miriam Beloglovsky, Jenna Daly, 2014. Redleaf Press. Loose Parts II: Inspiring Play with Infants and Toddlers, Lisa Daly, Miriam Beloglovsky, Jenna Daly, 2016. Redleaf Press. Threads of Thinking: Schemas and Young Children's Learning, Cathy Nutbrown, 2011. SAGE Publications Ltd. Getting Started with Schemas, Nikolien Van Wijk, 2009. The New Zealand Playcentre Federation Extending Thought in Young Children, Chris Athey, 2007. SAGE Publications Ltd.