Fulmarus glacialis (Northern )

European Red List of

Supplementary Material

The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015).

Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 3 Sources of reported national population data p. 5 factsheet bibliography p. 7

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/

Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected].

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Fulmarus glacialis (Northern Fulmar)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality DK: Faroe Is 600,000 16 1995 medium - 20-30 1990-2014 poor ? DK: 80,000-200,000 3 2000-2012 poor 0 0 2000-2012 poor 0 0 1980-2012 poor 856-890 <1 2009-2011 good - 21-28 1998-2010 good + 55-99 1978-2010 good 107 <1 2005-2009 good F 0 1998-2008 good + 693-1233 1987-2009 good 1,150,000 38 1983-2009 medium - 1983-1986 medium - 35 1985-2007 medium Rep. 31,930 1 2012 medium 0 0 2002-2012 medium + 17 1987-2012 medium 5,600 <1 2013 good 0.0 0 2003-2013 F 0 1980-2013 good NO: 1,000,000 27 2001-2013 poor ? ? 10,000-11,000 <1 2000-2012 medium ? ? United Kingdom 500,000 14 1998-2002 good - 39 1999-2011 good 0 0 1980-2000 good EU27 533,000 15 Decreasing Europe 3,380,000-3,500,000 100 Decreasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps

A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

KEY

Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude

å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980

Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. ñ Large: ≥10% of the European population ñ Medium: 1–9% of the European population ñ Small: <1% of the European population

The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Figure 1. Breeding population sizes and short-term trends across Europe.

Figure 2. Breeding population sizes and long-term trends across Europe.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Fulmarus glacialis (Northern Fulmar)

Sources

DK: Faroe Is Breeding population size: BirdLife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and . BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK. TemaNord (2010) Action plan for in Western-Nordic areas. Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen. Hammer et al. (2014) Færøsk trækfugleatlas [Faroese migration atlas]. Fróðskapur / Faroe University Press, Tórshavn. Breeding short-term trend: J.K. Jensen pers. obs. (per Hammer et al. 2014). DK: Greenland Breeding population size: Boertmann, D. 2008. Grønlands Rødliste 2007. – Grønlands Hjemmestyre og Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, 152 p. Boertmann, D., Mosbech, A., Bjerrum, M., Labansen, A.L. and F. Merkel F. 2010. The Greenland colony register. Poster at 1st Seabird World Conference, Victoria 7-11 Sept. 2010. Breeding short-term trend: Boertmann, D., Mosbech, A., Bjerrum, M., Labansen, A.L. and F. Merkel F. 2010. The Greenland seabird colony register. Poster at 1st Seabird World Conference, Victoria 7-11 Sept. 2010. Breeding long-term trend: Boertmann, D., Mosbech, A., Bjerrum, M., Labansen, A.L. and F. Merkel F. 2010. The Greenland seabird colony register. Poster at 1st Seabird World Conference, Victoria 7-11 Sept. 2010. France Breeding population size: GISOM 2013 Enquete nationale sur les oiseaux marins nicheurs de France 2009 - 2012 Breeding short-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Le Guillou G. & Debout G. 2012. Les oiseaux marins nicheurs dans les falaises cauchoises (Seine-Maritime), 1ère partie & 2e partie., 65-74. Breeding long-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Le Guillou G. & Debout G. 2012. Les oiseaux marins nicheurs dans les falaises cauchoises (Seine-Maritime), 1ère partie & 2e partie., 65-74. Germany Breeding population size: Gedeon, K., C. Grüneberg, A. Mitschke & C. Sudfeldt (in Vorb.): Atlas Deutscher Brutvogelarten. SVD & DDA, Münster. Breeding short-term trend: Monitoring seltener Brutvögel Breeding long-term trend: Monitoring seltener Brutvögel Iceland Breeding population size: Garðarsson, A. unpublished (Guðmundsson in litt. 31/03/2015); Jóhann Óli Hilmarsson & Erpur Snær Hansen. 1992. Athugun á stofnstærð og útbreiðslu sjósvölu í Elliðaey. Í Fuglar: ráðstefna Borgartúni 6, Reykjavík 6-8.nóvember 1992. Reykjavík: Líffræðifélag Íslands. Breeding short-term trend: Jóhann Óli Hilmarsson & Erpur Snær Hansen. 1992. Athugun á stofnstærð og útbreiðslu sjósvölu í Elliðaey. Í Fuglar: ráðstefna Borgartúni 6, Reykjavík 6-8.nóvember 1992. Reykjavík: Líffræðifélag Íslands. Breeding long-term trend: Arnþór Garðarsson, Guðmundur A. Guðmundsson og Kristján Lilliendahl: Numbers of Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis in Iceland: notes on early records, and changes between 1983-86 and 2005-09 [1-10] Republic of Ireland Breeding population size: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding short-term trend: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & , K. (1991) The Status of Seabirds in Britain and Ireland. T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished seabird data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Norway Breeding population size: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding short-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding long-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. NO: Svalbard Breeding population size: 1). Norwegian Polar Institute unpublished data. 2). Bangjord, G., Haugskott, T. & Hammer, S. 2013. Svalbard birds - a basic field guide. Longyearbyen Field Biological Society. 124 pages. Russia Breeding population size: Gavrilo M.V., Tertitski G.M., Pokrovskaya I.V., Golovkin A.N. 1993. The archipelago avifauna. - In: Matishov G.G., Galaktionov K.V., Denisov V.V., Drobysheva S.S., Chinarina A.D., Timofeeva S.V. The environment and ecosystems of the Frans Josef Land (archipelago and shelf). Apatity: Kola Scientific Center RAS: 81 93 (In Russian). Gavrilo M.V. 2011. Fauna and populations of birds in some high-latitude islands of Western . - In: Matishov G.G., Tishkov A.A. (eds.) Terrestrial and marine ecosystems / Russian input in MPG 2007/2008. Moscow, Paulsen: 344-364 (In Rusian). Anker-Nilssen, T., Bakken, V., Strøm, H., Golovkin, A.N., Bianki, V.V. & Tatarinkova, I.P. (eds.) 2000. The status of marine birds breeding in the Barents Sea region. Norsk Polarinstitutt, Rapport nr. 113. Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115. Breeding population size: Tasker, M.L. 2004. Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis. Pp. 49-62. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Fulmarus glacialis (Northern Fulmar) United Kingdom Breeding short-term trend: JNCC 2012. Seabird population trends and causes of change: 2012 report (http://www.jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3201). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Updated July 2012. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. 1991. The status of seabirds in Britain and Ireland. London, T. & A.D. Poyser. 355 pp. Tasker, M.L. 2004. Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis. Pp. 49-62. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser. [Long-term trend is -3.0%]

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Bibliography

Anderson, O.R.J., Small, C.J., Croxall, J.P., Dunn, E.K., Sullivan, B.J., Yates, O. & Black, A. (2011) Global seabird bycatch in longline fisheries. Endangered Species Research 14: 91-106

Bradbury, G., Trinder, M., Furness, B., Banks, A.N., Caldow, R.W.G., Hume, D., 2014. Mapping Seabird Sensitivity to Offshore Wind Farms. PLoS ONE 9, e106366.

Carboneras, C., Jutglar, F., Bonan, A. & Kirwan, G.M. (2014). Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2014). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona

Dunn, E. (1997) Sustainable fisheries and seabirds. RSPB Conservation Review 11: 44-50.

Dunn, E. K. & Steel, C. (2001) The impact of long-line fishing on seabirds in the North east Atlantic: recommendations for reducing mortality. RSPB/JNCC, Sandy, England.

Mendel, B., N. Sonntag, J. Wahl, P. Schwemmer, H. Dries, N. Guse, S. Müller & S. Garthe (2008): Artensteckbriefe von See- und Wasservögeln der deutschen Nord- und Ostsee – Verbreitung, Ökologie und Empfindlichkeiten gegenüber Eingriffen in ihren marinen Lebensraum. Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt 59, Bundesamt für Naturschutz, Bonn.

Thorup, S.H., Jens-Kjeld Jensen, Kjeld T. Petersen, Dorete Bloch Kasper, 2014. Færøsk Trækfugleatlas. The Faroese Atlas. Faroe University Press, Tórshavn.

Van Franeker, J A (2004). Fulmar wreck in the southern : preliminary findings. British Birds 97: 247-250.

Van Franeker, J.A., Blaize, C., Danielsen, J., Fairclough, K., Gollan, J., Guse, N., Hansen, P.-L., Heubeck, M., Jensen, J.-K., Le Guillou, G., Olsen, B., Olsen, K.-O., Pedersen, J., Stienen, E.W.M., Turner, D.M., (2011). Monitoring plastic ingestion by the northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis in the North Sea. Environmental Pollution 159, 2609–2615.

Žydelis, R., Bellebaum, J., Osterblom, H., Vetemaa, M., Schirmeister, B., Stipniece, A., Dagys, M., van Eerden, M. and Garthe, Stefan (2009) Bycatch in gillnet fisheries - An overlooked threat to waterbird populations., Biological Conservation, 142 (7). pp. 1269-1281.

Hagemeijer, W.J.M. & Blair, M.J. (1997) The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. T & A D Poyser, London.

Snow, D. W.; Perrins, C. M. 1998. The Birds of the Western Palearctic vol. 1: Non-. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS