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Upper Motueka – Hydrology Surface/Groundwater Monday 15Th February 6.30 PM Shedwood Hall, Tapawera

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Upper Motueka – Hydrology Surface/Groundwater Monday 15Th February 6.30 PM Shedwood Hall, Tapawera Upper Motueka – Hydrology Surface/Groundwater Monday 15th February 6.30 PM Shedwood Hall, Tapawera Joseph Thomas Senior Resource Scientist – Water Tasman District Council “Making Tasman Great” 1 Upper Motueka - Catchments Re: Area above Woodstock – includes Dovedale Baton Stanley Brook Wangapeka Glen Rae Tadmor Tapawera Motupiko & Sherry “Making Tasman Great” 2 “Making Tasman Great” We have a number of sites with flow meters that measure river flow over 24 hours They can be found on the LAWA website they can be found on the LAWA website Eg https://www.lawa.org.nz/explore-data/tasman-region/water-quantity/monitoring- sites/motueka-at-woodmans-bend/ River flow information is used by lots of different people including fisherman and kayakers in the Buller We have flow records write back to the 1950's and other started in the 1980s so we have a really good historical database Flowmeters can be used both for flood warnings but also for assessing low water flows 3 4 Water Resources Investigation Work • Some work for the Water Conservation Order in the 90’s • Significant work from 2001 onwards as part of the ICM project • Ongoing summer river flow measurements – numerous sites • Groundwater level sites/surface flow sites – maintained and correlative sites for surface water (involves temporary flow sites) • Involved Cawthron/Landcare/GNS/TDC Hydrology – surface and groundwater/ Modelling/Allocation Ecology Landuse/Landcover Community & Iwi • Numerous Reports completed to 2013 • TRMP Plan work Monitoring in Upper Motueka – since 2015/2016 • Recent Review Work Cawthron and Landcare completed in November 2020 • Ongoing work and recommended above to 2024. In the past lots of money has been spent on studying water and water flows. This was done before the water conservation order. The water conservation order hearing was held and the order was signed in 2001. Fish and Game were the applicant for the water conservation order. From the early 2000s an integrated catchment research project was commenced for the Motueka river. This involved many water flow and water quality measurements conducted by Cawthron, Landcare Research and Tasman District Council. A cultural health index was also used on the river. https://icm.landcareresearch.co.nz/ 5 Pictures of the Upper Motueka Catchment Upper Motupiko valley Lower Motueka River valley Lower Motueka River valley Lower Motueka River valley Motueka River lower valley 6 Hydrogeology in the Upper Motueka catchment • A shallow unconfined alluvial aquifer located on Quaternary river terrace formations and modern river deposits – highly connected to the rivers. River and rainfall recharge dominant, hillslope recharge less. River and groundwater have short residence time • The river terraces are composed of five different Quaternary gravel formations: (1) Moutere Gravel; (2)Manuka Gravel; (3) Tophouse Gravel; (4) Speargrass Gravel; and (5) modern river Gravel formations. • The Quaternary gravels are underlain by the Moutere Gravel Formation throughout the whole study area. No appreciable groundwater has been found in the Moutere Gravel here. • The Moutere Gravel is widespread throughout the catchment and forms the hill country between the valleys of the Motueka, Motupiko and Tadmor rivers Tophouse and Speargrass formation terraces Quaternary river terrace formations Moutere Gravel cliff faces on the Motupiko River between Tapawera and Kohatu Motueka Aquifer This is a shallow aquifer. It is open to the atmosphere and is not sealed. It is highly connected to the river. It is largely charged by rainfall and river flow. Not much of the water comes from the hills. Itt is very young water only months to a year old. Waikourupupu Spring which is approximately 10 years old. The Motueka catchment is made up of five different River terraces. It is the only the youngest terrace close to the river that has water. All the hills and higher terraces have no water aquifers. This is indirect contrast in Moutere catchment which has deep groundwater. The Motueka aquifer is directly taking water from the river. 7 The gravels containing the water are only 10 metres. 7 Groundwater potential for each geological formation (Stewart et al., 2003) When you get to the Glen Rae the water rises because it is pushed up by hard granite rock Green is the acquifer where the water is found 8 Metres above sea level 200 100 300 400 A 0 rs eto Geology Cross section – TadmorRiver 1 Tophouse Formation Formation Speargrass recent fan deposits recent and gravels Modern Manuka Formation Manuka Moutere Gravel Formation Moutere 4820 Tapawera 2 Kilometres LEGEND Motueka River Motueka 4617 3 Groundwater level bore in Groundwater Bore (TDC number) Bore bore Inferred groundwater table Inferredgroundwater 4617 4 4618 A' 5 Metres above sea level 300 400 500 160 200 B 0 1 Kohatu Motupiko River Motupiko 4615 Kilometres 4616 Motueka RiverMotueka Tophouse Formation Formation Speargrass Manuka Formation Manuka Moutere Gravel Moutere recent fan deposits recent and gravels Modern 2 B' LEGEND 3 4617 Groundwater level in bore Groundwater Bore (TDC number) Bore bore Inferred groundwater table groundwater Inferred 9 Upper Motueka Water Management Councils Updated water provisions (TRMP)came into effect July 2017 Motueka River also subject to Water Conservation Order (WCO) and also Plan Triggers for this based on Woodstock and the updated zone triggers from 2017 “Making Tasman Great” In 2017 the council updated their plan and introduced triggers for restricting water based on what was happening in Woodstock. They also introduced other monitoring sites at Wangapeka in the Baton. Some of these other subcatchments behave a bit differently than the main Motueka River. 10 Allocation Limits for Freshwater Takes UpperMotuekaZones Allocationlimitl/s Baton 54 StanleyBrook 1.05 Dovedale - Groundwater (to 8 metres) 13.2 - Surface water 26.8 MiddleMotuekaZone 550 Wangapeka 265 Motupiko 85 RainyZone 25 Tadmor(totalaugmentedflow) 56 Tapawera 314 Glen Rae 300 “Making Tasman Great” 11 Triggers for Rationing and Minimum Flows Trigger for First Rationing Trigger for Minimum Flow Water Management Zone Location Step Consultation (l/sec) (l/sec) (l/sec) Upper Motueka Zone Motupiko, Rainy, Tapawera, Woodstock Subject to WCO 7000 7500 Glen Rae, Baton, Wangapeka Tadmor River Mudstone Weir Subject to WCO 128 Downstream of Hope River 20 None diversion weir Rainy Christies 203 250 400 Motupiko Christies 250 400 Motueka River, above Tapawera, Glen Rae the Wangapeka 1400 Confluence “Making Tasman Great” 12 Water user committees will be consulted when rationing triggers are reached. The minimum flows for Middle and Upper Motueka zones will be consistent with the Water Conservation Order for the Motueka River. The Council will implement rationing to comply with the Motueka WCO flow extraction limits of 12% above Woodstock, and 6% for Wangapeka above Walter Peak. It will also implement rationing to protect river flows in contributing tributaries. Council will use correlation and actual flow measurements to manage Tapawera and Glen Rae Zones In the Rainy and Motupiko zones, Step 2 rationing will commence at 200 litres per second and Step 3 at 180 litres per second. Used S329 for cease take at ~150 l/s Specific restrictions and cease take in Consent for Rainy – 203 l/s If water flows or levels decrease below the minimum flows or levels specified in this schedule and the provisions of the rationing steps given in the TRMP are exceeded, the Council may issue water shortage directions (S329) in accordance with its policies“Making Tasman Great” Land owners are subjected to reductions in take or stop takes, based on water flow triggers for rationing water. The plan specifies the proportion of water that can be taken. All water extractions are metered. When it is dry and lots of water has been taken from the river, river flows can drop quite quickly. 13 Water Resource Considerations for Summer Restrictions in Upper Motueka River Flow and Aquifer Levels and rate of decline and when Rainfall Water Usage Temperature Wind Evapotranspiration Timing – of peaking of different use “Making Tasman Great” 14 Catchment Hydrology Information • Rainfall • River Flows • Groundwater The last 3 years of being dry relative to the average. A flow recorder cost 20k so to reduce costs we have developed predictors between different sites along the river. This allows us to optimise the measurements of flow at the key points when assessing flow we use the 7-day average. We have started to collect data from bores so that we can keep a better eye on the aquifer. All the data is stored on the LAWA website. We are also recording temperature at 7 sites along the River. 15 16 17 18 19 20 • We have developed predictors between different sites along the river. • This allows us to optimise the measurements of flow at the key points. • When assessing flow we use the 7-day average. • We are getting reasonable prediction of river flows. • R2 of 0.877 means that 87% of the variation of flow of water at Tapawera is explaind by flow at Wangapeka 21 22 The river has more flow than it did last year at the same time of year 23 24 25 We are also measuring groundwater over recent years 26 27 Current Work in the Upper Motueka • Low flow and temperature measurements in river between Kohatu and Wangapeka Confluence (last 4 summers – flow dependent) as well as Motupiko last summer • Water Take Monitoring of all consents (metered) • Water quality run along river from Kohatu to u/s Wangapeka confluence • Dissolved Oxygen – now added at Kohatu and U/s of Wangapeka • Cawthron/Landcare – review of monitoring – November 2020 “Making Tasman Great” • We are recording temperature at 7 sites along the River. • The River gets very warm. Some people think that it's the irrigation making the water warm. But it's much more likely that it's the exposure of the River to the sun.
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