Patented Aug. 22, 1950 2,519,775

.,..UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE 2,519,775 ‘y CHEWING Boris N. Lougovoy, Jackson Heights, N. Y., as signor to. American Company, Long Island City, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application December 11, 1945, Serial No. 634,390

I 1 Claim. (01. 99-135) 1 The characteristic of my invention is that it agulated stage in the form of a ?lter press cake. provides a satisfactory base incor The addition of a T elastomer to a mixture of porating one or more of several synthetic de-polymerized rubber and polyvinyl acetate ac which possess advantages, but which heretofore complishes the mutual blending, thus permitting have not been adapted for use, in chewing gum the introduction of rubber into the combination bases which closely simulate bases having high with polyvinyl acetate. _ proportions of natural chicle. Thus commercial The following materials made by the Thiokol chewing gum bases containing substantial Corporation may be mentioned as examples of T amounts of polyvinyl acetate have been at elastomers suitable for the purpose: tempted, but have been found inferior due to the 10 Softening point, °C. dead character of the chew. Due to the Coagulum P-38C ______‘71 very limited solubility and compatibility of poly Coagulum P-35C ______._ 107 vinyls with rubber or natural ‘gums it has not Coagulum P-36C ______V 49 been possible to use the polyvinyls in such con 15 Coagulum GR-G ______105 nection as to any substantial quantity. ‘This lack Coagulum 03-1 or CB-Z ______100 of solubility and compatibility is particularly Coagulum P-69C ______Around 100 noticeable with crepe rubber and with natural gums containing rubber-like gutta, such as jelu In order to obtain the desired chewing char tong and the Perillos. acteristics in a gum base, it is important that the By means of the invention _1 am' able to provide 20 elastomeric component has de?nite elastic prop a high-grade chewing gum base incorporating erties. With respect to chewing gum bases, the suitability of an elastomer can be to a great ex substantial proportions of synthetic resins with tent'judged by its softening or melting point, and natural elastomers or crude gums, the resins being, for example, polyvinyl acetate resins, by the measurements of its “rubberiness” in ad 25 dition, of course. to the proper compatibilities modi?ed styrene resins and polyvinyl resins, with the other constituents. The ?rst physical either singly or in combination. This is accom constant may be determinedv by the conventional plished by employing in the base an agent which mercury method, and the second one by plastom renders the synthetic resins capable of either eter measurements. Below are given plastom blending with the rubber materials and/or crude eter measurements of T elastomers, as against gums or of neutralizing the normal effect of the 30 de-polymerized crepe rubber of the grade com synthetic resins in impairing the original elastic monly employed in chewing gum base. The properties of such rubber materials and crude measurements were made by Mooney’s plastom gums. eter. Reference to non-de-polymerized rubber ' Such agent is a of the general com is given to illustrate the degree of depolymeriza position (—SC2H4OC.H2OC2H4S—), the group to tion of the standardv material. be called, for brevity, “T elastomers." The physi cal properties of these can be varied Plastometcr Readings at 112° from soft plastic to firm rubbery materials. As F. at the end oi-— A!_ in all cases of high polymers, their solubility and signed compatibility with other materials change with 40 1 Min- 2 Min- 3 Min-. V81“ the degree of polymerization. Polymers of the ute utes ,utes I above type, having a rather wide softening point No. 1 Smoked Sheet..." s7 s4 s2 s3 (mercury method) from about 45° C. to about Std. Depolymerized 110° 0., are found to be suitable for the purpose . Rubber______,___ 8 7 6 6 of this invention. The choice of specific polymer, 45 T Elastomer, CB-l ____ -. 8 7 7 7 within the above range of softening point, de pends upon the nature of the modifying ma Another material which can be used to ad-, terials, such as resins and employed in a vantage in the presence of T elastomers is modi chewing gum base. By the proper selection of ?ed polystyrene resins, such as the commercial the type of polymer, the desired degree of “elas resins known as Piccolastics. This type of . ticity” of the chew can be obtained. For most is also very attractive for chewing gum users, purposes, I prefer to use T elastomers having because of its elastic character. The Piccolastic softening points around 100° C. to 108° C. These resins either do not blend-with rubber materials elastomers can be used either in a completely co and crude gums or very seriously impart their agulated and dehydrated form or in a semi-co original elastic properties. As. in the case of 2,010,775 polyvinyls, these disadvantages are obviated in the Example VI presence of T elastomers. The following examples will illustrate the fore Depolymerized crepe rubber ______l0 going, but 'it should be understood that the pro T-Elastomer, Git-6 ______l8 portions given are solely for purposes of illus Arochem 345 ______18 tration, and that they can be modi?ed in the 5 Gelva, 2% ______3o process of adjusting the desired properties of the Candelilla ______l2 ?nished material. I also do not intend to limit Carbowax 4000 ______5 myself to speci?c selections of complementary Lanolin ______5 materials, such as resins, waxes, and softeners w Monostearin ______' ______2 which may be substituted with other products Example VII having similar properties. In the examples be low the following materials are given by their ‘ Depolymerized crepe rubber ______10 trade names: T Elastomer CB-l ______115 w Arochem 345 ______15 Piccolastics-modi?ed styrene resins-manufac Gelva, 2% ______._'______25 tured by the Pennsylvania Industrial Chemical Candelilla Wax ______10 Corp. Softener ______10 Gelva-polyvinyl resins-manufactured by the Talc ______l5 . Shawlnigan Products Corp; the number fol lowing the name designates the of the 20 1 Used in ?lter cake form. polymer. Example Example Example Vlnylites-or PVA--polyvinyl acetate resins vm 1x ' x made by Carbon 8: Carbide Chemical Corpora tion. > Natural Gum-Chilte. 10 25 Piccolastic D-l00 Special_..__ l0 l0 l0 Arochem 345-a modi?ed terpene condensate ~ 'I‘ Elastomer (EB-1.-.-.- l5 ______. 10 M. P. 110-115° C.—made by Strock and Wit T Elasmmer P-69C ______-. 1s ...... - tenberg. Arochem 34s ...... __ 15 1s 10 Gclva, 2 ______26 ...... __ 25 Santowaxes-terphenyls—made by the Monsanto PVA 79, Vlsc l ______-_ 25 ______._ Candelilla Wax l2 l2 l2 Chemical Co. The letters M, O or P indicate Softener ..... __ 8 8 8 metha, ortho or para isomers. 30 Talc ______. 1s 15 15 Softeners-when not speci?ed, indicate a mixture of 2 parts lanolin, 2 parts Carbowax 4000, and Example XI , 1 part soya lecithin. 75 parts 01’ Base in Example VIII 25 parts of Gum Chicle Example Example Example 85 I II III In the claim, the term “natural gum" includes crude gums, rubber materials and rubber-like Depolymerized crepe rubber ______- l5 15 15 materials. T Coagulum, P-38C ______l0 ______10 T Coagulum, P—350-- ______l0 ______Having described my invention, what I claim Bantowax M 20 20 16 Gclva. 2%-- 25 25 25 and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as fol-_ 8oitener..-- l6 15 10 lows: Caudelllla Wax- _-_ 10 A chewing gum base including a natural gum, Talc ...... -- 15 16 15 polyvinyl acetate, and ‘a polymer of the composi tion (—1SC2H4OCH2OC2H4S—), having a soften ing point (mercury method) in the range about 45° C.-110° C. BORIS N. LOUGOVOY. REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file or this patent: UNITED STATES PATENTS 15 Number Name Date 55 1,479,330 Snelling ______l_____ Jan. 1, .1924 2,007,965 Ellis ______July 16, 1935 2,069,477 ' Manson ______Feb. 2, 1937 2301.331 Schantz - ______Nov. 10. 1942