ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE
Final Report
Lot 2 MOCUBELA PEBANE MORRUMBALA
Prepared to: Prepared for: ANE – Nacional Road Susana Serra Administration Individual Consultant Av. de Moçambique nº 1225 · Caixa Postal 14 39 Maputo · Moçambique
May 2021
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
INDEX
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 9
2. INTRODUCTION ...... 13
3. WORK METHODOLOGY ...... 14
4. DOCUMENT OBJECTIVES ...... 15
5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 16
5.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PACKAGES ANALYZED IN THIS DOCUMENT ...... 16
5.2. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 20
6. APPLICABLE LEGISLATION AND POLICIES ...... 21
6.1. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ...... 21
6.2. SUPPORT LEGISLATION RELEVANT TO THE PROJECT ...... 24
6.3. CONVENTIONS AND RESOLUTIONS ...... 26
6.4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES ...... 27
6.5. COMPARISON OF LEGISLATION BETWEEN MOZAMBIQUE AND WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ...... 30
7. DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY AREA ...... 31
8. REFERENCE SITUATION OF THE AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT ...... 32
8.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 32
8.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 81
8.3. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 90
9. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 102
9.1. INTRODUCTION ...... 102
9.2. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 104
9.3. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND SPECIFIC MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 116
10. PGAS PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION ...... 131
10.1. STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITY ...... 131
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10.2. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE OF THE SHIPYARD AND CONSTRUCTION FRONTS AND DEFINITION OF
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES ...... 136
10.3. TRAINING, AWARENESS AND COMPETENCE ...... 137
10.4. INTERACTION WITH ANE ...... 138
10.5. COMMUNICATION ...... 139
10.6. SGA DOCUMENTATION ...... 143
10.7. CONTROL OF DOCUMENTS AND RECORDS ...... 145
11. VERIFICATION AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS ...... 146
11.1. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION CONTROL AND MONITORING ...... 146
11.2. NON-COMPLIANCE, CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTIONS...... 147
11.3. RECORDS ...... 148
12. COST ESTIMATION ...... 149
13. ANNEXES ...... 150
INDEX OF TABLES Table 1.1 -List of main impacts identified ...... 10 Table 6.1- List of supplementary environmental legislation and other relevant legislation ... 24 Table 6.2 -List of conventions and resolutions ...... 27 Table 6.3 – Principles of Ecuador ...... 28 Table 6.4 – World Bank Environmental and Social Standards...... 28 Table 6.5 – Differences and gaps between legislation in Mozambique and world bank guidelines ...... 30 Table 8.1 – Characteristics of soil types in ZIP in Mocubela district ...... 43 Table 8.2 – Characteristics of soil types in ZIP in Mocubela district ...... 46 Table 8.3 – Characteristics of soil types in ZIP in Morrumbala district ...... 48 Table 8.4 - Distinction of months according to dry and humid periods...... 73 Table 8.5 - Mocubela District Administrative Division (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 90 Table 8.6 - Pebane District Administrative Division (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 90 Table 8.7 - Pebane District Administrative Division (Source: CENACARTA) ...... 91 Table 8.8 - Population of the Maganja da Costa District/Mocubela (Source: INE)...... 91 Table 8.9 - Population of Pebane District (Source: INE) ...... 93 Table 8.10 - Population of Morrumbala District by Administrative Post (Source: INE) ...... 93 Table 8.11 - Population of Mocubela District by Administrative Post (Source: INE) ...... 98 PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 3
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Table 8.12 - Pebane District Population by Administrative Post (Source: INE) ...... 99 Table 9.1 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures - Topography, Geology and Geomorphology ...... 104 Table 9.2 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils ...... 104 Table 9.3 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology ...... 107 Table 9.4 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water ...... 108 Table 9.5 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality ...... 108 Table 9.6 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise ...... 109 Table 9.7- Average sound pressure levels, expressed in dB(A), with distance to source, for various equipment used in road construction ...... 110 Table 9.8- Noise Exposure Limits set by IFC ...... 110 Table 9.9 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment ...... 111 Table 9.10 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social Environment ...... 112 Table 9.11 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Landscape ...... 114 Table 9.12 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Health and Safety ...... 115 Table 9.13 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Topography, Geology and Geomorphology ...... 116 Table 9.14 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils ...... 117 Table 9.15 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology ...... 118 Table 9.16 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water ...... 118 Table 9.17 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality ...... 119 Table 9.18 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise ...... 119 Table 9.19 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment ...... 119 Table 9.20 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social Environment ...... 120 Table 9.21 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Topography, Geology and Geomorphology ...... 121 Table 9.22 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils ...... 122 Table 9.23 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology ...... 123 Table 9.24 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water ...... 123 Table 9.25 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality ...... 124 Table 9.26 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise ...... 124 Table 9.27 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment ...... 124 Table 9.28 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social environment ...... 125 Table 9.29 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Topography, Geology and Geomorphology ...... 126 Table 9.30 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils ...... 127 Table 9.31 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology ...... 128 Table 9.32 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water ...... 128 Table 9.33 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality ...... 129 Table 9.34 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise ...... 129 Table 9.35 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment ...... 129 Table 9.36 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social Environment ...... 130 Table 10.1– Associated Documents and Environment Records ...... 144 Table 10.2– List of forms relating to the SGA of the company ...... 145 Table 12.1 – Cost Estimation for the implementation of the PGAS ...... 149
INDEX OF FIGURES
Figura 5.1 – Location of roads for package 4 (selected green roads) ...... 17 Figura 5.2 – Location of roads for package 5 (selected green roads) ...... 18 PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 4
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Figura 5.3 – Location of roads for package 6 (selected roads in green) ...... 19 Figure 8.1 – Altimetria in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) .... 32 Figure 8.2 – Dominant rocks in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 33 Figure 8.3 – Geological Formations in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 34 Figure 8.4 – Altimetria in Pebane district (Fonte: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 35 Figure 8.5 – Dominant rocks in Pebane district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 36 Figure 8.6 – Geological Formations in Pebane District (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 37 Figure 8.7 - Morrumbala altimetry (SRTM / Modelo Digital Zambeze) ...... 38 Figure 8.8 - Morrumbala Geology and Mineral Resources (Source: Direcção Nacional de Geologia / Modelo Digital Zambeze) ...... 40 Figure 8.9 (Left) – Sismicity of the Eastern and Southern region of the African continent (Source: Midzi et al. [2]) ...... 40 Figure 8.10 (Right) - Distribution of seismic activity (representation of epicenters) in Mozambican territory, between 1973 and September 2006 (adapted from USGS, 2006a) ... 40 Figure 8.11 – Soil types in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira, Moçambique) ...... 42 Figure 8.12 – Soil types in Pebane district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 45 Figure 8.13 – Types of Morrumbala Soils (Soure ISRIC (2003) / Modelo Digital Zambeze) .. 47 Figure 8.14 – Extract from agro-ecological areas (INIA, 1996) ...... 50 Figure 8.15 – Aerial Photo – Road Namitaga - Missal ...... 52 Figure 8.16 – Aerial Photo – Road Namitaga – Missal, Missal - Airport ...... 53 Figure 8.17 – Aerial Photo – Road Missal – Airport, Airport - Tapata ...... 54 Figure 8.18 – Aerial Photo – Road Aeroporto – Tapata – Ibane, Tapata – Travessia da Ilha Idugo, Tapata – Praia de Naharo/Capitão...... 55 Figure 8.19 – Aerial Photo – Road Mucucune – Alto Muganha ...... 56 Figure 8.20 – Aerial Photo – Road Mucucune – Alto Muganha ...... 57 Figure 8.21 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane ...... 58 Figure 8.22 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane ...... 59 Figure 8.23 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane ...... 60 Figure 8.24 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane ...... 61 Figure 8.25 – Aerial Photo – Road Tengane – Chire ...... 62 Figure 8.26 – Aerial Photo – Road Chilomo – Nota ...... 63 Figure 8.27 – Aerial Photo – Road Chilomo – Nota ...... 64 Figure 8.28 – Aerial Photo – Road Abicene – Bolde ...... 65 Figure 8.29 – Aerial Photo – Road Abicene – Bolde ...... 66 Figure 8.30 – Aerial Photo – Road Murire – Gorro ...... 67 Figure 8.31 – Aerial Photo – Road Murire – Gorro ...... 68 Figure 8.32 – Aerial Photo – Road Murire – Gorro ...... 69 Figure 8.33 - Average temperatures based on the monthly normal values of 1971-2000 in Quelimane station. (Source: INAM) ...... 71
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Figure 8.34 - Analysis of the average temperature of Quelimane season in the last 10 years. (INAM) ...... 71 Figure 8.35 - Precipitation Vs Temperature Chart in Quelimane (Adapted, INAM) ...... 73 Figure 8.36 – Precipitation vs. Temperature throughout the months of the year in Quelimane ...... 74 Figure 8.37 – Wind speed history...... 75 Figure 8.38 – Map of Cyclone-Prone Zones. (Source: INGC) ...... 76 Figure 8.39 – Hydrographic Network in Mocubela District (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 77 Figure 8.40 – Pebane Hydrographic Network (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 78 Figure 8.41 – Morrumbala hydrographic network (Source CENACARTA / Modelo Digital Zambeze) ...... 79 Figure 8.42 – Mocubela Land cover map (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)...... 82 Figure 8.43 – Mangroves in ZIP (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 83 Figure 8.44 – Pebane Land cover map (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 84 Figure 8.45 - Mapping of Habitats present in Morrumbala district (Source: Perfil ambiental distrital de Morrumbala ...... 86 Figure 8.46 – Morrumbala Conservation Areas (CENACARTA/Birdlife International) ...... 89 Figure 8.47 – Population Density and Population Cluster Distribution in District and Mocubela (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 92 Figure 8.48 – Population Density and Population Cluster Distribution in District dand Pebane (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 93 Figure 8.49 – Transportation and Accessibility in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 96 Figure 8.50 – Transport and Accessibility in Pebane District (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) ...... 97 Figure 10.1 – Chain of responsibilities of entities involved in the implementation of PGAS . 135 Figure 10.2 – Complaints mechanism ...... 143
Annex I - Categorization of the Ministry of Land and Environment Annex II - Environmental Management Procedures Annex III - Models of Verification Records and Corrective Actions Annex IV - Environmental Training Plan Annex V - Waste Management Plan Annex VI - General Monitoring Plan Anexo VII – Communication Plan PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 6
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Anexo VIII – Emergency Plan Annex IX – Contingency Plan for COVID 19 Annex X - Code of Conduct Annex XI - Complaints Form Annex XII - Public Consultation Report Annex XIII - AIA Consultant Certificate
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List of abbreviations and acronyms:
AID - Direct Area of Influence AII - Indirect Influence Area ANE – National Highway Administration DUAT – Right to Use and Use the Earth EPC – Complementary Primary School ESIRT - Environmental and Social Incidence Report Toolkit ESMF - Environmental and Social Management Framework HdQ - Headquarters IBA – Important Area for Bird Preservation IFC – International Finance Corporation INAQUA – National Aquaculture Development Institute INE – National Institute of Statistics INIA – Agrarian Research Institute ISRIC - International Soil Reference and Information Centre MICOA – Old MTA MTA- Ministry of Land and environment PA – Administrative Post PAP – Project Affected Person PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan PGM – General Monitoring Plan PIU – Project Implementation Unit PME – Small and Medium Enterprises RCA - Root Cause Analysis SGA – Environmental Management System ZIP - Project Implementation Zone
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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Government of Mozambique five-year program, (PQG 2015-2019), presents the country’s economic and social development priorities whose main objective is to improve the living conditions of the Mozambican population, by increasing employment, productivity and competitiveness and creating wealth and generating balanced and inclusive development.
The objective of the Integrated Feeder Roads Development Project (IFRDP) is to enhance mobility in selected rural areas with the support of inclusive agriculture and other local communities’ livelihoods, whilst ensuring efficient mobility of people and goods along integrated national corridors. In response to this objective, and based on the on-going negotiations with the World Bank for inception terms of the new operation with the Road Sector (Road Fund and ANE), the intention is to support the preparation of the project in the provinces of Zambezia and Nampula. The project will target road in four districts of Zambezia province namely, Lugela, Murrumbala, Maganja da Costa and Pebane.
For this project an ESMF – Environmental and Social Management Framework was developed based on Mozambican legislation and World Bank Safeguard Policies; in any case that Mozambican legislation does not cover an issue or is less stringent, the Bank Policy will prevail.
Based on the Bank screening process, ESMF is the tool used when the exact location of the project is not yet known. As the project is implemented, Mozambican legislation requires that another kind of documents are developed like this PGAS.
The ESMF has been developed to ensure environmental and social due diligence for sub- projects. Based on this, the World Bank Safeguard Policies that will be triggered by the IFRDP are OP4.01 – Environmental Assesment, OP4.04 – Natural Habitats, OP4.11 – Physical and Cultural Resources, and OP4.12 – Involuntary Resettlement.
After the ESMF was developed, the project was categorized as C by the Ministry of Earth and Environment and this document presents an Environmental and Social Management Plan (PGAS) for 3 of the 9 selected packages in Zambezia province (Package 4 – Mocubela, Package 5 – Pebane and Package 6 – Morrumbala) that assess the likely positive and negative impacts
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 of the project on the environment (both biophysical and socio-economic) and identify measures to mitigate the impacts of the project on the natural and human environment.
Construction activities will impact socio economic and on natural environment (soil, flora, water and air). The impact of these activities will have distinct intensity and magnitude in different landscape situation. As main impacts soil erosion in slopes and downstream sedimentation can be expected. Other expected negative impact will be the potential of encroachment to natural habitats as Zambézia province are rich in forest and natural habitats.
Ancillary work (gravel and stone) will also increase the air and noise pollution and thus contribute to reduction of air quality in the area. From the social perspective is expected that a combination of beneficial and adverse impacts will be felt. Table below summaries the likely impacts to occur in the 3 packages referred in this document:
Table 1.1 -List of main impacts identified
Environmental Issue Impact Vegetation and fauna • Loss of vegetation at camp sites, borrow pits, access roads and deviations • Forest fragmentation Critical Forests/Wetlands/ • Encroachment to natural habitats and/or forest area for hunting sensitive areas and timber exploitation Water quality • Water Flow Diversion • Groundwater Flow Modification • Ground water contamination from roads • Modifications in water as a result of Road Construction (soil compactation) Soils and underground • Erosion resources • Landslides • Slopes destabilization • Contamination of Soil Air quality • Lowering of quality of life of the people in the road alignment route and those located near ancillary sites Employment provision • Increase in job opportunities in the region and improvements in rural income • Increase potential for prostitution due to risk behavior of women and young girls • Potential increases of Gender Based Violence (GBV) and Child abuse/Exploitation (CAE) in the region Regional and local • Increase demand for construction material for the road work economy • Loss of business assets along the road • Improvements in access to alternative markets for agricultural produce • Lowering of transport and business transaction cost Capacity Building • Increase knowledge for the local Property changes • Property loss • Limited access from and to property Alteration in Productive • Loss of cultivated agriculture/grazing land Land and agriculture. • Loss of productivity of land • Open up market for agriculture products
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Environmental Issue Impact Occupational • Risk of accidents at worksite Health and Safety • Increased dust and noise related problems and diseases Transmission of HIV and other communicable diseases • Increased risk of health problems: waste products and sewerage • Increase in accidents for pedestrians, cyclists and motorists along the road Social Relations • Conflicts between influx workers and locals and other Social Aspects • Increase in crime • Improved quality of life • Social networks and social cohesion strengthened Impacts on Existing Social • Disruptions in utility network services Facilities • Pressure on existing social service facilities like health, water and electricity especially in urban areas. Aesthetic Quality • Disrupted visual scenic and natural beauty Impacts on Road Security • Increase in traffic and risk of accidents and Safety (traffic) • Traffic fatalities
With the road quality improved, more efficient road transportation systems will be in place, therefore facilitating or increase mobility from and to the project targeted areas. Road transportation will have a beneficial impact on women, because agriculture activities are mostly done by them, with improved road quality women will have more access to market facilities, also more people will enter into the region to procure agriculture products. Furthermore, local women will have opportunity to be employed by the contractor. Therefore, contribute to increase household income.
However, during the project implementation a Gender Based Violence (GBV) and Child Abuse/Exploitation (CAE) shall be avoided. Guidelines/requirements on GBV and CAE shall be implemented during the implementation of road construction activities. Among the key requirements for employment of local workers are: (i) No gender disparity in terms of number of unskilled workers and wages for equal type of work; (ii) Preference to disadvantaged and vulnerable local groups strict avoidance of children work; (iii) Children (any person under 18 years of age) should not be extensively contracted, but considering that currently some children became heads of households they need a job to guarantee the survival of their siblings. If and when cases like these occur (only allowable for children above 15, as per Mozambican Law), the Contractor must consider the children’s work with justice, the level of effort asked from them must be adequate, they must be allowed time to attend school and be paid the regular salary; (iv) Also scheduling the construction works as much as feasible during the agricultural off-season to enable local people to become engaged, and to bridge the lenient/income-low season to secure food sufficiency.
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ANE guidelines recommends that at least 25% of the contracted workers be women and 100% of unskilled should be local.
Qualified female workforce should be searched for in the project area. If possible, qualified female workforce should be offered refreshing or upgrading vocational training, to thus make it possible for women to qualify for recruitment.
Training and capacity building will be necessary for the contractor workers and communities crossed by the roads in construction to ensure that they have the appropriate knowledge and skills to implement the environmental and social management plan herein.
A Grievances Redress Mechanism (GRM) will be available, as defined in the PGAS, for the sub- project affected persons to be able to address their issues and to solve prior to use formal legal grievance system. Through this mechanism, the affected persons will be able to react on any damages occurred during the PGAS implementation, including aspects related with GBV, CAE and misbehavior of contractor workers.
A set of mitigation measures were defined in this PGAS that will be implemented by each responsible party. The PGAS planning, implementation and operation is also described being the following persons responsible from the contractor side:
• Technical Director of the Construction, responsible for the Coordination and Management of the Project, and who assumes the maximum responsibility for the PGAS, being the Environmental Responsible of the Project; • Environmental Manager specialized in environmental management systems on site and who assumes the functions of Responsible for the Monitoring of the Implementation of the PGAS.
This PGAS will be supervised by ANE delegations and will be involved in all communications regarding the grievance mechanism proposed. The presented document was approved by the World Bank and will be sent to the Ministry of Land and Environment for review and approval.
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2. INTRODUCTION
The main objective of this document is to carry out an Environmental and Social Management Plan (PGAS) for Identified Roads in Zambezia province, according to the categorization carried out by the Provincial Directorate of Land, Environment and Rural Development.
The specific objectives of PGAS are:
• Assess the likely positive and negative impacts of the project on the environment (both biophysical and socio-economic); • Identify measures to mitigate the impacts of the project on the natural and human environment.
The work was carried out between November 2020 and January 2021 using the following technical team:
• Susana Serra - Environmental Consultant and team leader; • Bruno Pereira - Leader of field work and public consultation; • Dércio Camplé - Social Specialist and general support.
This PGAS was prepared in accordance with the Environmental and Social Management Policy Framework (ESMF) approved by the World Bank as a requirement for obtaining funding for the project concerned. This ESMF is usually prepared when roads are not yet known for having a more general characteristic than this document.
This project was categorized as C by the MTA under Decree 54/2015 of 31 December (Annex I) which requires the preparation of a Procedure for good environmental and social management practices.
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3. WORK METHODOLOGY
The following methodology was followed for the production of this document:
i) All applicable world bank rules and policies, legislation and regulations were analysed;
ii) Based on the tracing solutions presented, a Study Area was defined;
iii) Bibliographic information was collected about the Area of Study and a field visit was made for fieldwork, in order to obtain the necessary information for the correct development of the studies;
iv) The impacts and risks that could potentially be generated by the infrastructures to be implemented were preliminary identified, allowing for an accurate overview, and timely and appropriate decision-making, which would avoid major impacts at the time of construction and operation of the road;
v) A public consultation was held on the project;
vi) Contacts were promoted with the local administrations and leaders directly and indirectly affected, as well as the official bodies most directly responsible for the management of the areas crossed, which could be significantly affected by the actions of the project, directly or indirectly, in order to ensure a definition of the environmental and social management plan;
vii) Environmental measures and monitoring plans, efficient and feasible, were defined;
viii) The environmental viability of the project was assessed by forecasting the main environmental impacts generated by the project and which will remain after the implementation of environmental measures;
ix) The necessary documents (PGAS and annexes) were submitted in order to meet all the legal requirements established and necessary for the approval of the project by the competent official authorities.
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4. DOCUMENT OBJECTIVES
The aim of this PGAS is to explore and complement the principles recommended in the ESMF by adapting them at this stage of the project in which the roads have already been defined.
In addition, this document aims to be used by project contractors to prevent and improve their environmental performance by setting the following objectives to be met during the execution of the project:
• Implement an Environmental Management System (EMS) through the development of methodologies for planning, implementation, verification and monitoring to be adopted, in order to comply with the legal requirements and commitments made by ANE. • Sensitize all employees and subcontractors to the responsibility of preserving and protecting the environment, ensuring adequate training and education for each function. • Ensure that key environmental prevention factors and best environmental practices are considered at all stages of the work. • Reduce environmental impacts arising from construction by implementing appropriate environmental procedures and standards, including waste management, atmospheric emissions and noise control; rationalization of the areas to be occupied and the preservation of existing environmental and social values. • Establish monitoring and control programmes, appropriate for the verification of key quality parameters, in order to allow a continuous evaluation of the implementation and effectiveness of procedures. • Periodically assess the effectiveness of the implemented PGAS in order to correct or improve it.
The PGAS shall apply to the entire organisation involved in the preparation, planning, execution and demobilisation of works, the activities of which may have direct or indirect effects on the environment, regardless of whether they are carried out directly by the contractor or under subcontract.
All subcontractors to be hired under the Projects are obliged to fully comply with the PGAS and environmental procedures applicable to their activity.
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5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The project refers to the integrated rural road development project in the province of Zambezia, Mozambique.
The roads will be built in gravel layers with a standard width of 5 m for this category of road with side drains and drainage structures. In order to allow bidding by SME contractors, benefit the Construction Industry of Mozambique and support the long-term development of maintenance contractors, the work was divided into 9 packages for the Zambezia province.
In this Province the project includes about 50 roads with a total length of 759.23 km spread over the 9 districts and was divided into 9 tender packages.
This PGAS concerns to 3 of the 9 packages refered (packages 4, 5 and 6).
Chapter 5 presents a characterization of the area of intervention.
5.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PACKAGES ANALYZED IN THIS DOCUMENT
5.1.1. Package 4
Package 4 is located in Mocubela district and covers 119.72 km distributed in the following sections:
1. NC Tapata - Travessia da Ilha Idugo (19.4km) 2. NC Tapata - Praia de Naharo/Capitão (14.3km) 3. NC Aeroporto - Tapata - Ibane (23.2km) 4. NC Namitaga - Missal (40.2km) 5. NC Loc. Missal - Aeroporto (22.62km)
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Figura 5.1 – Location of roads for package 4 (selected green roads)
The proposed roads are gravel (not classified) 2 to 4 meters wide with various hydrological structures that include bridges and gutters. The use of these roads is carried out with restrictions during the rainy season, since most drainage infrastructure stifling, thus compromising transactability during the rainy season. These road conditions have a detrimental implication on the movement of persons and goods to and from the district from an economic point of view.
The Mocubela district is located in an area with high productive potential, from the point of view of agriculture and fishing. However, the development of this district is hampered by the lack of infrastructure of which the roads stand out.
The objective of the Integrated Tertiary Road Development Project is to improve mobility in selected rural areas with support for inclusive agriculture and other livelihoods, ensuring efficient mobility of people and goods along integrated national networks.
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5.1.2. Package 5
Package 5 is located in Pebane District and covers 51.05 km distributed over the following sections:
1. NC Loc. Mulela - Posto Admin. Mulela (3.05km) 2. NC Alto Muganha - Mucucune (18km) 3. NC Musseia - Loc. Txalalane (30km)
Figura 5.2 – Location of roads for package 5 (selected green roads)
The proposed roads are in varying condition and mostly are, or deteriorated due to lack of maintenance during the dry season, or present themselves as narrow paths accessible only for motorcycles and bicycles. These road conditions have a detrimental implication on the movement of persons and goods to and from the district from an economic point of view.
Given that the Pebane district is in an area with high productive potential, from the point of view of agriculture, tourism, mining and fisheries, the objective of the Integrated Tertiary Road Development Project is to improve mobility in selected rural areas with support for inclusive
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5.1.3. Package 6
Package 6 is located in Morrumbala District and covers 74.84 km distributed over the following sections:
1. NC Bolde - Abicene (10.71km) 2. NC Nota - Chilomo (14.2km) 3. NC Chire - Tengane (9.93km) 4. NC Murire - Goro sede (40km)
Figura 5.3 – Location of roads for package 6 (selected roads in green)
The proposed roads are deteriorated with many difficulties of circulation in the rainy season due to lack of maintenance. Existing bridges are often flooded preventing the movement of people and goods to and from the district.
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This district has in agriculture its main area for economic development having the IFRDP the objective of improving mobility in rural areas of Morrumbala, ensuring the efficient mobility of people and goods throughout the district.
5.2. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
• Pre-construction phase
o Work planning o Development of the Executive Project o Requisition of permits for the work (Environmental License, License for quarries and loan areas, construction permit, etc.)
• Construction phase
o Installation of camp sites; o Choice of quarries and loan areas; o Gravel construction with 5 m standard width with side drains and drainage structures.
• Operation and Maintenance Phase
o Track maintenance, correction of erosion and drainage problems
• Deactivation Phase
o Eventual Closure of the road
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6. APPLICABLE LEGISLATION AND POLICIES
6.1. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION
The environmental management and the process of environmental and social impact assessment in particular are regulated by various national laws and decrees. The most relevant legislation is addressed in this chapter.
This PGAS was developed on the basis of the ESMF developed for the refered projects for the FEEDER roads development.
6.1.1. The Constitution of Mozambique
The Constitution is the supreme law of the country and any act or conduct that does not respect the principles defended by the Constitution is considered unlawful. The Constitution provides for the protection of the natural environment in the following articles:
• Article 117: The State promotes initiatives to ensure ecological balance and the conservation and preservation of the environment to improve the quality of life of citizens. • Article 90: Every citizen has the right to live in a balanced environment and the duty to defend it.
6.1.2. Environment and politic Law
The Environment Act (Law No. 20/1997 of 1 October) was approved by the Parliament of Mozambique in July 1997. This law aims to provide the following legal framework for the proper use and management of the environment and its components. The fundamental principles of environmental management in Mozambique include the following:
• Improving the quality of life of citizens and protecting the country's biodiversity and ecosystems; • Recognize and value the traditions and knowledge of local communities; • Polluters whose action results in environmental degradation are responsible for repairing any pollution or compensating for damage caused;
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• The law prohibits pollution caused by the discharge of any polluting substances into soil, subsoil, water or atmosphere or any other form of environmental degradation that does not fall within the limits stipulated by law; • The law also explicitly prohibits the importation of hazardous waste or hazardous waste substances, except where this is provided for by specific legislation; • Give priority to prevention systems that prevent environmental degradation.
For the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process, Articles 15 to 17 state that any activity which by the nature of its location, design or size may cause significant environmental impacts must obtain an Environmental License issued by the designated authorities. The authorities will only issue a final decision on the permit based on the findings of an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.
In 1995, the National Environment Policy (Resolution No 5/95 of 3 August) was adopted as a basic instrument for sustainable development in Mozambique, with the basic objectives of poverty eradication, improvement of quality of life and reduction of environmental damage. The Policy requires the Government to include an environmental component in all development plans and give a clear indication to the legislator of the importance of environmental issues.
6.1.3. Regulation on the Environmental Impact Assessment Process
The Regulation on the Environmental Impact Assessment Process approved by Decree No. 54/2015 of 31 December defines the procedures to be followed in an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.
According to Article 3, the provisions of that decree apply to all public or private activities which directly or indirectly may influence the environment in accordance with the terms of Article 3 of the Environment Law.
Article 4 stipulates that projects should be assessed in the light of lists of categories (projects of categories A+, A, B and C) and additional environmental criteria as defined in Articles 9to determine the requirements of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process.
For the proposed Project, this was considered category C, which does not require an environmental impact study.
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In any case, the MTA requires the preparation of good environmental management practice procedures as presented in Annex I.
6.1.4. General Directive for the Development of Environmental Impact Studies
The General Directive for the Development of Environmental Impact Studies (Ministerial Diploma No 129/2006 of 19 July) determines the content and information requirements to be met by a report of an Environmental Impact Study. The Directive also determines the minimum requirements of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment with regards to the information and structure of the report. These requirements include the following:
1. Format and overall structure of the Environmental Impact Study Report 2. Executive Summary 3. Main Report 4. Comparative Analysis of Alternatives 5. Conclusions and Recommendations 6. Knowledge Gaps 7. Environmental Management Plan 8. Public Participation 9. Annexes
6.1.5. General Directive for the Public Participation Process in the Environmental Impact Assessment Process
The General Directive for the Public Participation Process in the Environmental Impact Assessment process (Ministerial Diploma No. 130/2006 of 19 July) specifies the procedural requirements to be followed for the public participation process, as set out in the Regulation on the Environmental Impact Assessment Process.
This Directive lays down the general rules and principles of the public participation procedure. In addition, it also indicates the requirements to be followed for the preparation of the Public Consultation Report, as set out in Decree No. 45/2004 of 29 September, later atified by Decree No. 42/2008 of 4 November.
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6.2. SUPPORT LEGISLATION RELEVANT TO THE PROJECT
In addition to the main legislation discussed above in this chapter, the following is a list of complementary environmental legislation and other relevant legislation.
Table 6.1- List of supplementary environmental legislation and other relevant legislation Sectors Law/Decree Title Description It lays down the principles with regard to the formalization of protected areas and the use and management of forest and faunistic resources. Law No. 10/99 of Law of Forests
The provisions of Article 13, which lays down the 7 July and Wildlife need to protect sites that have a historical and cultural value for local communities, would apply to the proposed Project. Decree No. It establishes complementary provisions in 12/2002 of 6 Regulation of
Environment support of the Law on Forests and Wildlife. This June, amended by the Law of Regulation provides guiding principles associated Decree No. Forests and with the management, protection, use and 11/2003 of 25 Wildlife exploitation of forest and faunistic resources. March It establishes the procedures and criteria to be followed for carrying out environmental audits. Particular attention should be paid to article 4 of Regulation on Decree No. this Regulation, which defines the subject matter the 32/2003 of August of the environmental audit, and Article 10, which Environmental 12 specifies the content of the Environmental Audit Audit Process
Report. In addition, this article specifies that environmental auditors must be registered with the MTA. Approves Regulates and ensures effective control and Decree No. Regulation on monitoring of the quality of the environment and 18/2004 of 2 Environmental natural resources. It lays down specific
Environment June, amended by Quality and provisions and standards on water quality, Decree No. Effluent emissions to the atmosphere and noise. This 67/2010 of 31 Emission regulation will be relevant during the December Standards construction phase of the proposed Project. Decree No. Regulation on Regulates activities associated with supervision, 11/2006 of 15 Environmental control and compliance with environmental June Inspection protection standards at national level. Establishes the classification of solid waste Regulation on according to the Mozambican Standard NM339 - Decree No. The Solid Waste - Classification, forms of 94/2014 of 31 Management of
segregation, identification and packaging, December Urban Solid collection, transport, treatment and final Waste disposal. Waste Hazardous Establishes rules regarding the production, Decree No. Waste emission or deposition of any toxic or polluting 83/2014 of 31 Management substance, in order to prevent or minimize its December Regulation negative impacts on health and the environment
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Sectors Law/Decree Title Description It lays the foundation for water resource management and advocates a paying user and
polluter policy. This law stipulates that the Law No. 16/1991 supply of water to the population (for human Water Law of 3 August consumption and to meet sanitary needs) has Water priority over other private uses of water. In addition, it prohibits the private use of water whenever such use harms the environment. It establishes as a general principle that in
Mozambique the land is owned by the State. The
Land Act and associated regulations establish land use rights and the means by which individuals or companies may obtain land use and use rights (called DUAT). In addition, there are other provisions that deserve special attention given to the context of the proposed Law No 19/1997 Land Law Project for which this law provides legal of 1 October guidance. I.e.: • The impacts of the project on existing land use and use rights; • the impacts on land use planning and zonation for social and economic purposes;
LAND ACQUISITION RIGHTS/ • Impacts on agriculture; And • Impacts on public health due to ecological changes.
It lays down provisions on the Land Law, Law No. 19/1997 of 1 October. This Regulation presents a number of provisions relating to public domain land, land use and use rights, land title application process, inspection and fees. For
the proposed Project would be relevant the provisions contained in Article 17, which Decree No. 66/98 determines that the holder of the right to use of 8 December, and use the land has the right to be Land Law anecdoed by compensated (compensation for damages or Regulation Decree No. 1/2003 another) if that land is intended for another use of 18 November by a public or private investor. The Land Law describes the procedures to be followed during the application and acquisition of land use and use rights and establishes the obligation to pay the respective fees. Article 22 determines the procedures to be followed for the acquisition of land and the competent authorities which have LAND ACQUISITION RIGHTS/ to be involved. Defines the approach and implementation Ministerial Technical Annex mechanisms associated with the ownership Diploma No. to the Land Law application process. The technical annex also 29/2000 - A of 17 Regulations includes provisions on the rights and duties of March local communities.
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Sectors Law/Decree Title Description
It lays down the principles, objectives and legal framework for spatial planning in Mozambique. Law No. 19/2007 Land Planning This law describes the measures and regulatory of 18 July Law procedures necessary to improve the living
SPATIAL SPATIAL standards of the Mozambican people and to have PLANNING sustainable development.
Regulation on This Regulation lays down the basic rules and the principles associated with resettlement resulting Decree No. Resettlement from public or private economic activities carried 31/2012 of 8 Process out by individuals or legal entities, national or August Resulting from foreign, with a view to promoting the quality of Economic
Resettlement Resettlement life of citizens and protecting the environment. Activities It defines aspects related to hiring workers,
workers' rights and responsibilities and hygiene, Law No. 23/2007 health and safety. This law also addresses the Labour Law
of 1 August industrial relations between employers and Work workers and laws with regard to domestic and foreign workers. It establishes legal protection for material and intangible assets associated with mozambique's cultural heritage (existing or yet undiscovered). Law No. 10/1988 Cultural With regard to the proposed Project, Article 13 of 22 December Protection Act stipulates that it is necessary to report any discoveries of buildings, objects or documents that could potentially be classified as cultural heritage assets.
It establishes the rights and protection of resources that have archaeological and historical value. Article 21 of this Regulation prohibits the
Culture construction and demolition or any other work Regulation on that may entail physical changes in areas for the Decree No. the Protection of protection of archaeological property of high 27/1994 of 20 July Archaeological scientific value or whose preservation is Heritage important for future generations. This regulation establishes, inter alia,that the discovery of artefacts will be communicated to local authorities (District Administration or Municipal Council) within 48 hours.
6.3. CONVENTIONS AND RESOLUTIONS
Mozambique is a signatory to several international agreements and conventions related to climate change and the environment. In certain cases these instruments have influenced the development of policies, guidelines and regulations. This document will take into account these
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The following international protocols and conventions to which Mozambique is a signatory will be considered:
Table 6.2 -List of conventions and resolutions
Resolution Title Resolution 18/81 of 30 December African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Resolution 8/93 of 8 December Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer of 22 March 1985 Resolution 1/94 of 24 August United Nations Convention on Climate Change of June 1992 Resolution 2/94 of 24 August United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity Resolution 17/96 of 26 November Convention for the Protection, Management and Development of the Marine Environment of East Africa Resolution 52/2001 of 6 November International Convention and Protocol on Civil Liability for Hydrocarbon Pollution Resolution 5/2003 of 18 February International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution by Ships of 1973 and Protocol of 1978 Resolution 6/2003 of 18 February International Convention on Preparation, Intervention and Cooperation in the Event of Oil Pollution, 1990 (OPRC 90) Resolution 45/2003 of 5 November Convention on wetlands of international importance, in particular as habitat for waterfowl Resolution No 10/2004 of 28 July 2004 Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change Resolution 56/2004 of 31 December Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
6.4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
This section describes the most relevant international standards and guidelines to ensure that all social and environmental issues are taken into account and managed in accordance with international good practice. The Environmental and Social Management Plan will be carried out in compliance with these international standards and guidelines.
6.4.1. Principles of Ecuador
The Equator Principles are a risk management structure adopted by financial institutions to determine, assess and manage environmental and social project risks. These principles are primarily intended to grant a minimum criterion for Due Diligence purposes in order to support responsible and risk-based decision-making. The financial institutions adhering to the Equator Principles undertake, in their project financing, to implement the Equator Principles in their internal environmental and social standards, procedures and policies, and will not finance
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 projects or grant loans to companies for projects in which the client does not respect or is unable to comply with the Equator Principles.
In order to facilitate possible access to funding for project development, organisations that may need to use loans must take into account the Equator Principles and environmental and social risk management as part of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process.
These Constant Equator Principles require projects to carry out an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process in accordance with ifc Performance Standards on social and environmental sustainability.
To date, the Equator Principles have been adopted by approximately 79 financial institutions and have been updated to version 4 in 2019.
Table 6.3 – Principles of Ecuador 1. Review and classificationReview and classification 2. Social and environmental assessment 3. Applicable social and environmental standards 4. Environmental and Social Management System and Action Plan in accordance with the Equator Principles 5. Involvement of stakeholders 6. Complaint mechanism 7. Independent review 8. Conventions 9. Independent reports and monitoring 10. Reporting and transparency
6.4.2. World Bank Group's Operational Policies
The World Bank operations are governed by a comprehensive set of environmental and social policies and procedures, applicable to all Bank-financed operations. Central to these are the ten policies (also known as Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies) that are critical to ensuring that potentially adverse environmental and social consequences are identified, minimized, and mitigated. Safeguard policies are mechanisms for the integration of environmental and social issues into project decision-making.
The Bank Safeguard Policies integrates environmental and social analysis into project preparation, including project selection, siting, and design decisions. In most cases, this analysis should form part of the overall feasibility study. This facilitates the incorporation of the findings into the selection of sites and technology, designs, and implementation plans. They
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 provide numerous opportunities for coordinating environmental and social work in the country and should be linked to other environmental strategies, action plans, and free-standing projects. They provide a formal mechanism for inter-agency coordination and for addressing the concerns of affected groups and local NGOs. They can also help strengthen environmental and social management capability in the country and Bank staff should take advantage of opportunities to use them for that purpose. The table below provides an overview of the referred policies and the rationale for their application.
Table 6.4 – World Bank Environmental and Social Standards
Safeguard Policy Triggered Justification
1. OP 4.01: Yes ANE will trigger this policy due to the involvement of civil works Environmental (rehabilitations/upgrading, construction works) of public infrastructure. Sub- Assessment; components under the project that would trigger this safeguarding policy are included in Component 1.2 All Border Posts, Inland Examination Centres, PPP Feasibility Border Markets and weighbridge relocation; Component 3 investments in corridor value chains; Component 4 rehabilitation and reconstruction of sections of selected roads and bridges; Component 5 CERC.
The project is not expected to result in significant, negative or irreversible impacts. Due to the nature of interventions, some sub-projects will result in temporary, site-specific adverse environmental impacts. 2. OP 4.04: Yes The project is not expected to involve the significant conversion or Natural Habitats degradation of critical natural habitats, and civil works are expected to be sited on lands already converted e.g. rehab/upgrading road, and inland examination centers. While the civil works may necessitate the removal of vegetation that is not expected in critical natural habitats or areas of high conservation value and can be addressed through compliance with Environmental Assessment OP/BP 4.01. 3. OP 4.09: Pest Yes The project is not meant to facilitate purchases of agriculture inputs. management However, the implementation of ANE under sub-component 4.1 will result in better access to highly productive areas, therefore, facilitate the movement of people and goods, such as agriculture inputs (fertilizers and pesticides). Improvement of trade facilitation may contribute to high investments in Agriculture. It is also expected that the implementation of component 3 opens room to increase the use of agrochemicals by the catalytic fund beneficiaries, through their contribution. Therefore, the project may have an indirect impact on pesticide usage. While target pest and diseases, range of pesticide and non-pesticide options available are not known it is not appropriate to prepare a Pest Management Plan (PMP) (as this would be too generic in terms of providing support for specific uses), however as these attributes of the Component are developed, a PMP must be developed and in place in advance of the provision of support to value chain actors in Component 3. 4. OP 4.11: No There were no Physical Cultural Resources found on site Physical Cultural Resources 5. OP 4.12: No There will be no land acquisition during the project Involuntary Resettlement
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Safeguard Policy Triggered Justification
6. OP 4.10: No The policy is not triggered as indigenous people, as defined in the policy, are Indigenous not present in project areas People 7. OP 4.36: No The Policy is not triggered. Impacts on forestry are covered by triggering Forestry OP4.01 8. OP 4.37: Safety No The policy is not triggered as the project does not include the construction of of Dams dams as defined in the policy 9. OP 7.50: No The policy is not triggered as the project will not undertake any activities in Projects on the catchment areas of international waterways and shared aquifers with an International impact on water abstraction or flow. Waterways 10. OP 7.60: No The policy is not triggered as project activities will not be implemented in any Projects in disputed areas. Disputed Areas
6.5. COMPARISON OF LEGISLATION BETWEEN MOZAMBIQUE AND WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS
The development of the Mozambican legislation on environment management is much in line with the World Bank environmental policies.
The main differences and gaps are the following:
Table 6.5 – Differences and gaps between legislation in Mozambique and world bank guidelines
Item Descrição
Gender Based Violence (GBV) The World Bank as developed a new requirement on the Gender Based Violence and Child Abuse/Exploitation (GBV) and Child Abuse/Exploitation (CAE) as well as labor influx specifically for (CAE) the road sector, while Mozambique legislation is more general for all sectors. The road Sector Authority on their social clause refer to the need that contractor avoid gender-based violence and children abuse in the work site
Categorization process Word Bank has the ESMF tools to category the project, while the Mozambican legislation the categorization will be given on the bases of the screening process that will be done for each sub-project. In that case the categorization may differ from the process of the World bank
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7. DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY AREA
The study area considered for the environmental diagnosis of the reference situation and for the analysis of impacts of each of the environmental factors will be specific to each one being divided into three areas:
• Indirect Influence Area (IIA) – the entire province of Zambezia likely to be influenced by the project;
• Direct Influence Area (Aid) – districts of Mocubela, Pebane and Morrumbala with the potential to be directly affected by the project.
• Project Implementation Zone (ZIP) - physical zone of implementation of the project on the ground.
However, where the environmental factors to be described adopt a study area more adapted to the analysis to be carried out, it will be described and explained.
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8. REFERENCE SITUATION OF THE AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT
8.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
8.1.1. Topography, Geology and Geomorphology The study area is included in the Zambezi River Basin, elongated according to the NW-SE direction, and the relief is conditioned by the erosive action of this river. The region is characterized from a geomorphological point of view by an extensive planatic surface, slightly inclined towards the Zambezi and Cua Cua rivers.
Package 4 – Mocubela
The Mocubela District is mostly located in the area of the country's great coastal plains, with altitude rising gently from the coast to the interior of the district. The district has altitudes below 500 m, although only about 1.3% of the area has altitudes between 200 and 500 m. Most of the district (about 75% of the area) has areas with dimensions of less than 100 m. In ZIP the dimensions range from 5 to 100 m.
Study Area
Figure 8.1 – Altimetria in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
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The following Figures show the dominant rocks that occur in the district and the geological formations of the district and the following considerations are made:
• In the interior of the district, rocks of the Mesoproterozoic of the Nampula Complex predominate, while on the coast there are exclusively quaternary rocks.
• In the coastal area, on the coast there are coastal dune sands, beach sand, clay sand and marine clays and recent alluvial.
• In the central zone appear areas with clay sand of floodplain and recent alluvial of the Quaternary.
• In the interior of the district occurs cambric granite and gnaisses (feldspathic, ocellated, etc.) of the Mesoproterozoic
Study Area
Figure 8.2 – Dominant rocks in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
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Study Area
Figure 8.3 – Geological Formations in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In the ZIP, leukoganisse and rock formations of the quaternary, Nampula complex and Mocuba's Nampula/Suite complex predominate.
Package 5 – Pebane
The Pebane District is based, in part, on coastal plains with altitudes below 25 m (about 20% of the total area of the district), presenting the areas adjacent to the coast, dimensions below 5 m (about 5% of the district area). From these plains the altitude increases gently inland, with the dimensions between 25 and 100 m (about 50% of the district area). In the interior of the district, in turn, the land quotas are higher (quotas mainly between 100 and 200 m), occurring punctually, in the interior area to the north of the district, rock formations with higher dimensions. In ZIP the dimensions range from 5 to 100 m.
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Study Area
Figure 8.4 – Altimetria in Pebane district (Fonte: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
The following Figures show the dominant rocks that occur in the district and the geological formations of the district and the following considerations are made:
• In the interior of the district, there are predominant rock formations of the Nampula Complex, mesoproterozoic rocks (very old geological), where metamorphic gnaissis rocks occur essentially (e.g. baninitic biotitic gnaissis and migmatite; leukocratic quartz- feldspathic gnaissis; granite-gnaissis with heavily foliated potassium feldspar), which occupy an area greater than 50% of the total area of the district. It also occurs with some relief in the district, equigranular granite of the Murrrupula Suite of the Câmbrico period.
• In the coastal zone predominate quaternary rocks dominated by sedimentary rocks consisting of recent alluvials, sands (of dunes and beaches), gravels, aluvial marine clays and coastal dunes. There are also alluvials along some sections of the main rivers.
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Figure 8.5 – Dominant rocks in Pebane district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
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Figure 8.6 – Geological Formations in Pebane District (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In the ZIP, porphyric and equigranular granite predominates with some gnaisses and quaternary rocks, murrupula suite and the Nampula/Molúcué Group complex.
Package 6 – Morrumbala
The Figure below shows the morphology of Morrumbala with the indication of the location of the study area.
• The surface of the District of Morrumbala is not homogeneous, ranging between altitudes 100 m and 1 100 m;
• The western end of the District has an area of Plain (altitudes up to 200 m) that gives a longitudinal range (oriented South-East-Northeast) of Middle Plateaus (altitudes between 200 m and 500 m) that culminate in two elevations, the Northeast of the District, area of Antiplanalto that reaches altitudes of 1 000 m and, the Southwest mountain area that reaches altitudes of 1 100m (known as the Mountain of Morrumbala);
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• The Antiplanalto of Morrumbala and its continuation to the northeast, contributes to the water partition of the Chire and the Rivers Lima, Longosa and Mutiade, which drain in the Cuácua.
• In the ZIP quotas range from 0 to 200 m.
Study Area
Figure 8.7 - Morrumbala altimetry (SRTM / Modelo Digital Zambeze)
The Figure below shows the distribution of the main geological formations that occur in Morrumbala (code and its simplified designation) with the indication of the location of the study area.
The lithotogic units that surface in this District, from the oldest to the most recent are: a) the PRECÂMBRIC, corresponds to about 80% of the district area and includes the geological eras:
• Meso and Neoproterozoic (1600 M.a.-600 M.a.) / Pre-Mozambican (1600 M.a.-1100 M.a.), which are part of the Chiúre Super Group;
• Mozambican (1100 M.a.-900 M.a.), which are part of the Nampula Super-Group; PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 38
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In the District of Morrumbala, at the level of mineral resources, there is a predominance of red clay sand and there is absence of Geosites.
Study Area
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Figure 8.8 - Morrumbala Geology and Mineral Resources (Source: Direcção Nacional de Geologia / Modelo Digital Zambeze)
Sismicity and Tectonics In Mozambique, the earthquakes that usually occur are mostly of little noticeable magnitude. In recent years, these earthquakes have been more frequent and perceptible to the common citizen and may be related to the tectonic evolution that is taking place in the system of rifts installed in the Miocénico throughout East Africa, represented in Mozambique by the Axis Lake Niassa-Chire-Urema-Sofala, as shown in the following Figure (left side). Also in the following Figure (right side) is presented the seismic activity in recent years in the areas of study, which as can be seen, was null in the areas of Pebane and Mocubela but not in the Morrumbala area where there are some epicenters.
Study Areas
Figure 8.9 (Left) – Sismicity of the Eastern and Southern region of the African continent (Source: Midzi et al. [2]) Figure 8.10 (Right) - Distribution of seismic activity (representation of epicenters) in Mozambican territory, between 1973 and September 2006 (adapted from USGS, 2006a)
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Mineral Resources
Package 4 – Mocubela
There are already identified in the District of tantalite deposits and occurrences of precious and semi-precious stones (INE, 2008).
Package 5 – Pebane
In Pebane, the main mineral resources are the sands used in construction, and titanium (INE, 2008).
Package 6 – Morrumbala
In the District of Morrumbala, regarding mineral resources, there is a predominance of red clays, with the absence of Geosites.
8.1.2. Soils
Package 4 – Mocubela
Soil Typology
In the Mocubela District, medium-textured red soils (VM) predominate in about 60% of the total district area, associated in certain areas with brown soils of sandy texture, greyish-brown sandy soils and medium-textured coluvion soils (VM+KM+KA+CG). Medium-textured red soils may also be found in association with greyish-brown sandy soils and non-greyish-brown soils (VMx+KA+C). These soils with moderate to good fertility occur predominantly within the district. Within the district are also red clay soils in association with unspecified coluvion soils (VGm+C), sandy-textured brown soils (KM) and unspecified sandy soils (A).
In the coastal area, soils are essentially composed of marine sediments estuarines (EF), which may also occur in association with clay eluvial soils (FE+FG) and coastal dune soils (DC).
Mananga soils with sandy cover (sometimes associated with sandy soils) and alluvial also occur in the district. These have good to Moderate fertility.
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Figure 8.11 – Soil types in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira, Moçambique)
In the ZIP, soils with the following characteristics predominate:
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Table 8.1 – Characteristics of soil types in ZIP in Mocubela district
Symbol Description Dominant Geology and Field shape Slope FAO Main limitations Drainage Fertility characteristics geomorphology Topography Classification for agriculture (%) (1998) M Mananga soils Mananga Soils Sediments of Plains funds Almost Flat Ferralic Water retention Imperfect Moderada with sandy Not specified Mananga of valleys in 0-2 Arenosols capacity,fertility, to moderate to low cover of varying (MM or MA) Pleistocene layer the sandy Stagnic or dureza and soil thickness < 20 m hard cover area Hapilc Luvisols permeability, sodium deposits sodicity and sometimes salinity FE Soils of marine Argiloso cinzento, Holocene Planície Flat Flat Salinity, sodicity, Bad to very Low. buildings and solos profundos e estuarine marine estuarina 0-1 0-1 drainage, floods bad Pastures estuaries frequentemente sediments good to saturados marginal KM Sandy-textured Brown clay franc, Precâmbric Acid Interflúvios, Wavy Hapilc Acrisols Risk of erosion, Moderate Boa a baixa brown soils deep soils rocks, granite, encostas 0-8 germination gnaisse médias e conditions inferiores
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Erosion Risks
Mocubela is pointed out as one of the districts of Zambezia most affected by erosion according to an inventory carried out by MICOA, being one of the causes of the destruction of the mangrove (MICOA, 2007).
The Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Soil Erosion for 2008 - 2018 (MICOA, 2007), provides for some priority actions for this district, namely planting some species, in particular mangroves, to stabilize slopes and river banks.
Package 5 – Pebane
Soil Typology
In the Pebane District, medium-textured red soils (VM) are predominantly associated with medium-textured brown soils (KM), brown-gray sandy soils and medium-textured coluvion soils. This land association occupies about 55% of the total area of the district. It follows, in terms of occupied area (about 23% of the district area), the association of sandy-textured brown soils (KM), medium-textured red soils (VM) and unspecified colluvius. This association is located, in particular, in the interior, to the north of the district and has, in general, moderate to good fertility.
In the coastal zone, practically in its entirety, the soils are essentially composed of estuarine marine sediments (FE), coastal dune soils (DC) and mananga soils with sandy cover (M). Sandy soils (A and AA) also occur in the coastal zone. The soils mentioned generally have low aptitude for agriculture.
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Figure 8.12 – Soil types in Pebane district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In ZIP, soils with the following characteristics predominate:
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Table 8.2 – Characteristics of soil types in ZIP in Mocubela district
Symbol Description Dominant Geology and Field shape Slope FAO Main limitations Drainage Fertility characteristics geomorphology Topography Classification for agriculture (%) (1998) VM Medium Frank-reddish Precâmbrico Acid Interludes, Wavy Ferric Lixisols Germination Good Fertile to textured red brown rgilosandy; rocks, granite, upper and 0-8 conditions; risk of moderately soils deep soils gnaisse middle erosion fertile slopes FG Clay alluvial Claybrown, dark Holocene Valleys and Flat Mollic Fluvisol Drainage, for Moderate to Good to soils grayish, deep alluvials plains 0-1 vezes salinity and bad moderate soils sodicity fertility FS Coarse- Sandy, greyish Holocene Valleys and Flat Eutric Fluvisol Sometimes Imperfect Excellent to low textured brown, deep alluvials plains 0-2 sodicicity and to bad fertility laminate soils drainage
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Erosion Risks
The risk of soil erosion in Pebane District was considered low by an inventory conducted by MICOA that highlights this problem as not critical in 2007 (MICOA, 2007). Despite this, the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Soil Erosion for 2008 – 2018(MICOA, 2007) provides for some priority actions for this district, namely planting some species (notably mangroves) to stabilize river banks (main risk of erosion is water).
Package 6 – Morrumbala
Soil Typology
In the district of Morrumbala, lixosolos and acrysols predominate. There are also some spots associated with vertisols as can be seen in the Figure below.
Study Area
Figure 8.13 – Types of Morrumbala Soils (Soure ISRIC (2003) / Modelo Digital Zambeze)
In ZIP, soils with the following characteristics predominate:
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Table 8.3 – Characteristics of soil types in ZIP in Morrumbala district
Soil Grouping Description Soil Sub- Main Features Ways of Use Fertility/Susceptibility Grouping erosion Lixisols Somewhat acidic soils, Chromi-Ferric Possibility of Provides acceptable income Moderate fertility level. characterized by presenting Lixisols occurrence of ironish provided that a good organic matter Prone to water and wind increasing clay contents as the horizon, reddish color, content is maintained and erosion. depth increases. at a depth of less than supplemented with fertilization. This clay is predominantly 1.0 m. Its coverage with mulching on the low on water and on nutrient rainy season prevents the formation of retention capacity. These are Rhodi- With a clayey of surface crust and erosion. During soils of poorly developed Profondic subsurface horizon of the dry season, irrigation is essential to structure and with low capacity Lixisols 30 cm or more and ensure its productive viability. for fixing organic matter. intense red color, less Perennial crops are preferable to than 1.5 m deep. aggravating the risk of erosion. Vertisols Soils with high clay content, Hyposodi-Pellic With a dark surface Allows the practice of various cultures Fertile soils. montmorilonite type, which gives Vertisols layer, but with a layer (mapira, mexoeira, beans, cotton, Not very prone to them a dark gray color – black. with at least 6% rice, wheat and sugarcane), both erosion. They are characterized interchangeable of the groundland as a irrigated one. for its high expansiveness, sodium (PSI) in the Soil productive potential can be giving them a pronounced exchange complex, frankly optimized with practical when dry and great plasticity and less than 1.0 m deep. appropriate cultural activities. adhesivity, when in a humid state.
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Erosion Risks
The risk of soil erosion in the Morrumbala District was considered low by an inventory conducted by MICOA that highlights this problem as not critical in 2007 (MICOA, 2007). Despite this, the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Soil Erosion for 2008 - 2018, (MICOA, 2007), provides for some priority actions for this district, namely to make a good planning and land use plan.
Agro-ecological z onas According to the charter of Agro-ecological Zones published by INIA in 1996 (next Figure) the area of implementation of the project is included in zone R7 for the Area of Morrumbala and R5 for the areas of Pebane and Mocubela that have the following characteristics:
• Zone R5
This region covers the strip of land on the coast with variable depth that extends from the south of Sofala to Pebane in Zambezia province. Depending on the topography, the soils have a sandy texture alternating with regions of heavy texture. In general, the Region has a moderate to high average annual rainfall (1000-1400 mm).
The rainy season begins in November and ends between March and May, depending on the place. In heavy soils, rice cultivation is predominant. In areas with good drainage depending on the availability of land, corn, mapira, mexoeira, cassava and beans crops may be conjointed. Cashew nuts and cotton are important income crops for families. The main characteristics and analysis of the main constraints of the production systems point to the following:
• The production of rice in the per-urban waist is made essentially by women, the machambas are isolated or integrated into small irrigation systems. Rice is produced for self consumption only. There is a lack of adequate availability of insums, including seeds. There is a lack of investment for infrastructure rehabilitation. • Commercial animal production is influenced by the risk of cattle diseases and infestation by the tse-tse fly. The factors that influence production are: poor coverage of the road network, the network of agricultural product markets is inadequate, the lack of manpower.
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• Zone R7
This is a vast area including lands with altitude between 200 and 1000 meters of altitude in the interior of Zambezia, Nampula, south of Cabo Delgado and Niassa. Average annual rainfall and potential evapotranspiration range from 100 to 1400 mm; some areas of this Region have higher temperatures (above 25ºC) and others moderately warm (between 20 and 25 ºC). Soil texture is variable and consistent with topography.
The most important crops are corn, cassava, cotton, peanuts, mapira, cashew, banana and beans. Corn and cassava are major crops, usually appearing with beans. Rice and sweet potatoes are practiced in the low-lying areas. The most convenient food crops in terms of profitability and food contribution are rice, cassava and corn, however the spread of rice is quite limited by the availability of irrigated land. The most common yield crops are cotton, corn and cassava, followed by peanuts. In the westernmost part of the Region the cashew nut is a very important culture as a source of food and family recipes; the rearing of goats and chickens is another important activity in the Region.
Study Areas
Figure 8.14 – Extract from agro-ecological areas (INIA, 1996)
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8.1.3. Land use
Land use is similar overall to the three locations. Scrubs or forests are the main type of land vegetation and sometimes there are some forests or dense forests interspersed in the scrubland, but with a more evident concentration in the interior. Very small areas of prairies, dominated by different species of grass, occur dispersed between forests and cultivation areas.
The growing areas are more concentrated next to the communication routes and the coastal zone and are mainly constituted by corn, cassava, banana, mango and cashew nut.
Below are presented the aerial photos with the roads included, photographs of the area and an analysis of land use in the surrounding road.
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Package 4 – Mocubela
Namitaga
Crop Areas
Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações Forest Areas Crop Areas Uso do solo e Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Missal Indicação de Fotografia Figure 8.15 – Aerial Photo – Road Namitaga - Missal
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Namitaga
Forest Areas
Dispersed Forest Areas Legenda:
Povoações Dispersed Forest Areas Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo Airport Missal Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.16 – Aerial Photo – Road Namitaga – Missal, Missal - Airport
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Dispersed Forest Areas
Dispersed Forest Areas
Airport
Legenda: Missal Forest Areas Povoações Tapata Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Trav. Ilha Idugo Indicação de direcção de povoação
Traçado da via Figure 8.17 – Aerial Photo – Road Missal – Airport, Airport - Tapata Indicação de Fotografia
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Tapata Crop Areas e
Dispersed Forest Areas
Trav. Ilha Idugo Legenda:
Forest Areas Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Ibane Traçado da via
Praia de Naharo/Capitão Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.18 – Aerial Photo – Road Aeroporto – Tapata – Ibane, Tapata – Travessia da Ilha Idugo, Tapata – Praia de Naharo/Capitão
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Pacote 5 – Pebane
Mucucune
Dispersed Forest Areas Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Alto Muganha Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.19 – Aerial Photo – Road Mucucune – Alto Muganha PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 56
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Mucucune
Dispersed Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Alto Muganha Indicação de Fotografia Figure 8.20 – Aerial Photo – Road Mucucune – Alto Muganha
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Linha de Água Txalalane
Dispersed Forest Areas
Crop Areas Legenda: e Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Musseia Indicação de Fotografia Figure 8.21 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 58
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Txalalane
Dispersed Forest Areas
Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações Dispersed Forest Areas Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Musseia Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.22 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane
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Txalalane
Dispersed Forest Areas
Dispersed Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Musseia Traçado da via Indicação de Fotografia Figure 8.23 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 60
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Txalalane
Crop Areas e
Dispersed Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Musseia Indicação de Fotografia Figure 8.24 – Aerial Photo – Road Musseia – Txalalane PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 61
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Pacote 6 – Morrumbala
Chire
Dispersed Forest Areas Legenda:
Crop Areas e Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via Tengane Indicação de Fotografia Figure 8.25 – Aerial Photo – Road Tengane – Chire PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 62
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Chilomo
Dispersed Forest Areas Nota
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.26 – Aerial Photo – Road Chilomo – Nota
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Chilomo
Dispersed Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de Nota povoação Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.27 – Aerial Photo – Road Chilomo – Nota
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Abicene
Legenda: Bolde Dispersed Forest Areas Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.28 – Aerial Photo – Road Abicene – Bolde
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Dispersed Forest Areas Abicene
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Bolde Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.29 – Aerial Photo – Road Abicene – Bolde
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Gorro
Dispersed Forest Areas
Legenda:
Povoações Crop Areas e Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via
Murire Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.30 – Aerial Photo – Road Murire – Gorro
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Gorro
Dispersed Forest Areas
Murire
Legenda:
Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.31 – Aerial Photo – Road Murire – Gorro
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Dispersed Forest Areas
Legenda:
Gorro Povoações
Uso do solo
Indicação de uso do solo
Indicação de direcção de povoação Murire Traçado da via
Indicação de Fotografia
Figure 8.32 – Aerial Photo – Road Murire – Gorro
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8.1.4. Climate
Methodology
With regards to the significant impacts arising from the roads to be built, the climate descriptor is not directly associated with them, however, it is essential for the availability of information needed for the development of other environmental aspects, such as: • Air quality, in relation to the wind regime; • Water resources, in relation to rain; • Soil aptitude for agriculture, which relates to precipitation and heat stroke.
This information is based on the data provided by the National Institute of Meteorology (INAM), these being: average annual temperature, average annual precipitation and average annual wind in the last 10 years, between 2002 and 2012.
The characterization of the reference situation was based on the collection and analysis of data from INAM (National Institute of Meteorology) as well as bibliographic research for a more detailed description of the affected Districts. Quelimane station is the one closest to the study areas being the one that is going to be used to retrieve the necessary data.
Climate Characterization
a) Temperature
The districts of Mocubela, Pebane and Morrumbala are influenced by the dry steppe climate with dry winter. The average annual rainfall ranges from 500 to 800mm, concentrating in the period from November to March of the following year. Potential evapotranspiration, on average, is in the order of 1.200 to 1.400mm. The average annual temperature is 26.5 °C, with a maximum of 32.5 °C and a minimum of 20.5 °C. The high temperature considerably aggravates the conditions of weak precipitation in these regions, causing water deficiencies for normal plant growth (crops). Walking to the coast, the climate is tropical rainy type of savannah where the average annual rainfall is above 800 mm, reaching in most cases 1200 or even 1400mm, concentrating in the period between November of one year and the end of March, and can locally extend until May.
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Potential evapotranspiration registers average values in the order of 1000 to 1400mm. (Government Portal of Mozambique) The annual thermal amplitude (difference between the average air temperature for the hottest month [December] and the temperature of the coldest month [July]) is about 7.6 °C.
Average Average annual Number of days Month Temperature ºC rainfall (mm) with rain Min Max Jan 23.4 32.4 260.6 14.5 Feb 23.4 31.9 235.0 16.6 Mar 23.2 31.4 216.8 15.5 Apr 21.3 30.2 142.4 13.0 May 18.3 28.7 71.1 9.0 Jun 15.9 26.9 56.2 11.4 Jul 15.3 26.3 80.4 11.1 Aug 15.8 27.5 28.0 6.7 Sep 17.8 29.6 19.7 3.5 Oct 19.9 31.1 35.1 4.5 Nov 21.7 32.4 78.6 6.4 Dec 22.8 32.5 189.4 11.9
Figure 8.33 - Average temperatures based on the monthly normal values of 1971-2000 in Quelimane station. (Source: INAM) Temperature 40,0 35,0
30,0
C) ° 25,0 Temp. Média Mínima 20,0 Temp. Média Máxima 15,0 Temp. Média
Temperature( 10,0 5,0
0,0
JUL
SET
FEV
JAN
DEZ
JUN
ABR
MAI
OUT
AGO NOV MAR Figure 8.34 - Analysis of the average temperature of Quelimane season in the last 10 years. (INAM)
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The months with the highest average temperatures are the months of November and December reaching 35.8 °C, while June and July are the months with the lowest average temperatures, being the lowest of 26 °C. Through the analysis of the average monthly temperature (by the average between the monthly minimum average temperature and the maximum monthly temperature) and the average of the annual temperature (average of all monthly average temperatures), it is concluded that the positive and negative deviations observed in the graph above perfectly show the two seasons that define this climate. Between October and April (positive deviation) is usually the hot season and between May and September (negative deviation), the cold season.
b) Precipitation
Precipitation, understood as the amount of water that is transferred from the atmosphere to the globe, depends on several factors, such as altitude, time of year, relief and other physiographic factors. This parameter exerts a high influence on ecosystems, as it presents itself as one of the major conditioning factors of the hydrological cycle and vegetation, being also one of the main agents in the process of soil water erosion, the occurrence of floods, washing of pavements and water infiltration in the soil. Gaussen's postulate considers dry the months in which precipitation P (mm) is equal to or less than twice the Temperature T (°C).
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Precipitation vs. Temperature 300,0
250,0
200,0
150,0 Precipitação 2*Temp. Média
100,0 Precipitation(mm)
50,0
0,0 JAN FEV MAR ABR MAI JUN JUL AGO SET OUT NOV DEZ
Figure 8.35 - Precipitation Vs Temperature Chart in Quelimane (Adapted, INAM)
According to this postulate, based on the data presented in the previous Figure, the classification of dry and wet periods is as follows:
Table 8.4 - Distinction of months according to dry and humid periods.
Station Dry season (P≤ 2*T) Wet season (P> 2*T) Quelimane July – November December – June
In the months with lower rainfall (April - November) the temperature is also low, and in the months with higher precipitation (December - March), the temperature is relatively higher.
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Precipitation vs. Temperature 300,0 40,0
35,0 250,0 30,0 200,0 25,0 Precipitação 150,0 20,0 Temp. Média Min 15,0 100,0 Temp. Média Máx 10,0 50,0 5,0
0,0 0,0
Figure 8.36 – Precipitation vs. Temperature throughout the months of the year in Quelimane
c) Wind
The wind consists of the horizontal displacement of air relative to the surface of the globe, due to the unequal distribution of pressure, and represents a force that moves in order to establish the balance of the atmosphere. It is of great importance because it is the agent that most affects the dispersion of air pollutants and because it is also a determining element for its influence on evapotranspiration.
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Wind Speed History 14,0
12,0
10,0
8,0 Vento Médio
6,0 Média do Vento
4,0 (últimos 10 anos) WindSpeed (Km/h) 2,0
0,0
Figure 8.37 – Wind speed history.
With the graph above it is possible to conclude that in the last 10 years the wind speed was not constant, with a deviation from its average (approximately 8.7 km/h) negative between the years 2003 and 2009, and positive between the years 2010 and 2012, having at this time reaching more than twice the minimum average speed of the previous period.
d) Ciclones
The areas of Pebane and Mocubela are inserted in a region classified as a zone of high propensity to cyclones and the Morrumbala area is inserted in a region classified as a region of low propensity to cyclones, as shown in the Figure below.
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Figure 8.38 – Map of Cyclone-Prone Zones. (Source: INGC)
8.1.5. Hydrology
Surface Water Resources
Package 4 – Mocubela
The main rivers of first order (which flow into the Ocean), which cross the Mocubela District are the following: Raraga, Mabala, Licungo, Murrudugulo and Muniga. On the other hand, the main second-order rivers (i.e. that flow into a river of first order) that cross the district are: Nipiode, Mogudo, Monigatete, Milage and Uene. Most rivers that cross the district have a seasonal regime, i.e. they have water during the rainy season, with the exception of the Licungo and Raraga rivers, whose regime is permanent. Inside the district there are the following lagoons (INAQUA 2011): • Ruguria: located in the Maganja Sede PA, and has a vast potential for artisanal fishing and aquaculture;
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• Tadamela: located in the PA of Baixo Licungo-Nante, being also suitable for artisanal fishing and aquaculture; • Nadji: located in the PA of Baixo Licungo-Nante.
In addition to the rivers and lagoons described above, important natural sources occur in the district, for example, Ribá, located near the village of Maganja, the Noridhe fountain in the Administrative Post of Lower Licungo-Nante and source of Mavie (warm waters) in the Administrative Post of Mocubela.
Study Area
Figure 8.39 – Hydrographic Network in Mocubela District (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In the ZIP exist the rivers Muriade, Milage, Mudirre and Nipiode.
Package 5 – Pebane
The main first-order rivers (which flow into the Ocean), which cross the District of Pebane are the following: Ligonha, Molocué, Mulela, Moniga, Namanué, Naquipirice and Merragulo.
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On the other hand, the main second-order rivers (i.e. that flow into a river of first order) crossing the district are: Malema, Moligodi, Muligudje and Metacasse. Rivers that cross the district have a seasonal regime, i.e. they have running water during the rainy season, with the exception of Ligonha and Molocué, with permanent regime.
Study Area
Figure 8.40 – Pebane Hydrographic Network (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In the ZIP exist the rivers Napaué, Moicué, Merragulo and Marraoanla.
Package 6 – Morrumbala
The District is crossed, among others, by the Rivers Chire, Luala, Luamba, Muelide, Missongue, Thambe, Luó and Bualizo, standing out for its importance and flow transported the Chire River; The permanent Lye River Chire is the main tributary of the Zambezi River in Mozambique. It originates in Lake Niassa, considered the third largest natural lake of Africa. Along its route, the Chire receives flow from the Missongue and Nhatéza rivers (main sub-basins).
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The Valley of the Chire River is cyclically affected by destructive floods, in an area where agriculture and fishing are two of the main sources of income for households.
Study Areas
Figure 8.41 – Morrumbala hydrographic network (Source CENACARTA / Modelo Digital Zambeze)
In the ZIP exist the rivers Chire, Luala, Luamba.
Hydrogeology
Package 4 – Mocubela
The aquifer formations of mocubela district are quite diverse in terms of productivity. In the coastal area aquifers are of limited productivity consisting of deposits of fine materials (clays sometimes including sands, or from medium sands to very fine clayey sands of wind and/or marine origin). The main problem concerns the salinity of aquifers or the high risk of intrusion of seawater that can occur as a result of over-exploitation of the holes.
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In the central area of the district, there are clay aquifers with sandy, alluvial interlaminates, and along the Licungo River very productive aquifers, of river sandy deposits. Regarding the aquifers that occur on the coast, groundwater is able to satisfy small-scale extractions, with expected flows between 3 and 5 m3/h, sufficient for small villages and small herds of cattle. The same productivity occurs in the aquifers of the north of the district. In the central part there are more productive aquifers near the valley of the Licínio River whose groundwater is able to satisfy medium and large scale extractions.
Package 5 – Pebane
In the coastal area of Pebane District aquifers are of limited productivity consisting of deposits of fine materials (clays sometimes including sands, or from medium sands to very fine clays of wind and/or marine origin). The main problem concerns the salinity of aquifers or the high risk of intrusion of seawater that may occur as a result of over-exploitation of the holes. Still in the coastal area but in the valleys of rivers and wetlands, there are clay aquifers with sandy, alluvial interlaminations and along the Ligonha River aquifers of river sandy deposits. In the northern interior of the district the aquifers are of eluvitions related to the zone of alteration and/or fracture of rocks. Regarding the aquifers that occur on the coast, types C1, groundwater are able to satisfy small- scale extractions, with expected flows between 3 and 5 m3/h, sufficient for small villages and small herds of cattle. The same productivity occurs in the aquifers of the north of the district. In the wetlands there are more productive aquifers near the ligonha river valley whose groundwater is able to satisfy medium and large scale extractions.
Package 6 – Morrumbala
In this district there are local limitations to the construction of wells and holes, usually with greater technical and geological obstacles, in the case of wells. In the alluvial valley along the Chire River, there are serious limitations due to salinity, from the first 20 m deep.
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8.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
8.2.1. Ecosystems, Flora and habitat
Package 4 – Mocubela
In the interior of the District, in the north, northeast and northwest regions, a mosaic of semi- deciduous forests with scrubland or late deciduous miombo forests predominates (from low altitude areas). The scrubs occupy about 40% (3062 km2) of the total area of the territory, being common in them the species Brachystegia boehmii, Julbernardia, Hirtella zanguebarica, Parinari, Protea and Philippia. The forests, composed of Pteleopsis myrtifolia and Erythrophleum suaveolens, occupy an area of approximately 1665 km2 (22%). The largest expanses of forests occur in three areas: at the Mocubela Administrative Post from the Raraga River to the Muniga River, in cariua in the Maganja Administrative Post, head office and from Mugude to near Mugeba in Mocuba. In the southeast and southwest of the district, in inland areas and also near the coast, there are concentrated extensive farming areas. These make up less than a quarter of the district area (1597 km2). Due to the great water potential, with some rivers of permanent current and large flow, the district is rich in moist lands where riverside forests, floating plants and canisters predominate. These make up 13% (989 km2) of the district area. Very small areas of prairies, dominated by different grass species, occur scattered between forests and cultivation areas, especially concentrated to the southwest. Mangal forests are particularly well developed and are distributed through the swampy areas, canals and estuaries that cross the dunes. The area occupied by this type of vegetation represents 1.6% of the total area of the district (123 km2). It is noteworthy that along the coast, in the sandy dunes, the vegetation comprises herbaceous plants and shrubs (Sideroxylon inerme, Mimusops caffra, Carissa bispinosa, among other species).
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Study Area
Figure 8.42 – Mocubela Land cover map (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In the ZIP predominate crop areas, wetlands and some mangroves.
The coast is characterized by being a swampy and barrier coast, of simple beaches and low dunes behind which occur swampy areas, estuaries and canals with mangroves that cross them. Mangrove forests are particularly well developed on the coast. Part of these mangrove areas of Zambezia province is being progressively destroyed by human action, mainly due to its cutting for firewood and building material. Differences calculated between 1978 and 1990 in relation to mangroves coverage in this province indicate a reduction of about 745 km2, i.e. almost half of its initial coverage. Additionally, Mocubela is pointed out as one of the districts of Zambezia most affected by erosion and one of the causes of mangrove destruction (MICOA, 2007).
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Mangroves are important in preventing coastal erosion and riverbanks, attenuation of floods and reproduction of various species. They are habitats for a variety of species such as birds, crustaceans, fish and mollusks. They are also source of traditional medicines, building material and woody fuel. Mollusks and crustaceans collected in the mangroves are an important source of protein for populations. Below is a picture that demonstrates the existence of mangroves in the ZIP:
Figure 8.43 – Mangroves in ZIP (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
Package 5 – Pebane
The scrubs or forests of late deciduous miombo (of low altitude zones) are the main type of land vegetation in Pebane concentrating in the northern and western interior of the district. These formations make up about 53% (5.365 km2) of the total area of the district. Forests or dense forests occur interspersed in the scrubland but with a more evident concentration in the interior, occupying an approximate area of 1.716 km2 (17%). Very small areas of prairies, dominated by different species of grass, occur dispersed between forests and cultivation areas. The cultivation areas are more concentrated in the eastern strip, along the coast. Less than one quarter of the district's territory consists of cultivation areas (1. 850 km2). Wetlands accompany the distribution of the rich network of rivers that characterizes the District of Pebane, making up about 6% (600 km2) of the total area of the territory. In these, there are riverside forests and large expanses of reed and floating plants.
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Mangal forests are particularly well developed and are distributed through the swampy areas, canals and estuaries that cross the dunes. The area occupied by this type of vegetation represents 3% of the total area of the district (318 km2). It is noteworthy that along the coast there are sandy dunes whose vegetation comprises herbaceous plants, shrubs and dune forest (in older sandy deposits). The latter constitutes a forest of large trees (legumes, sub-family Caesalpinoideae), called The Ever Green Coastal Forest of Pebane, with great biological importance. The current state of this forest is not known in the areas where titanium mining (Moebase) takes place or whether they have benefited from resettlement.
Study Area
Figure 8.44 – Pebane Land cover map (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
In the ZIP, cultivated areas, closed forests, wetlands and some mangroves predominate (in this district, although the ZIP includes mangroves, track layouts do not affect this class of soil occupation).
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Package 6 – Morrumbala
There are a total of 670 species of flora, with the possibility of occurrence in the District of Morrumbala. This floristic cast includes 1 endangered species (En) and 22 plants with vulnerable status (VU) in the Red List of Flora of Mozambique (Izidine & Bandeira, 2002). In this District there can also be 30 endemic species of Mozambique (being the most comuns in the district: Encephalartos gratus, Huberantha mossambicensis, Cryptostephanus vansonii, Asparagus petersianus, Dracaena subspicata, Aloe excelsa A.Berger var. breviflora, Aloe mawii, Aloe menyharthii Baker subsp. Ensifolia, Aloe torrei, Aneilema mossambicense, Cyanotis namuliensis Faden, Triceratella drummondii, Eriocaulon infaustum, Eriocaulon mulanjeanum), 5 almost endemic, 2 possible endemic and 1 species possibly almost endemic. Miombo forests are the most common habitat in the District of Morrumbala, and are estimated to represent more than 75% of its vegetation (the species present are mostly deciduous whose dominant species are Brachystegia spp. and Julbemardia paniculata); in the rest of this District, forests and dry forests and acacia scrub swarm swarm swarm swellin about 13% of the District area. In the rest area (about 5% of the District area) there is a mosaic of inrs that may include coastal forests, swamps, alluvial zones, and sandbanks/islands. Riverine forests are also observed along the main water lines. Although the mostly dominant species Brachystegia spp., does not have a high commercial value, there are others, such as Pterocarpus angolensis, Millettia stuhlmannii, Swartzia madagascariensis and Afzelia quanzensis, whose illegal exploitation may call into question the conservation of these forests. In some areas there is a high human pressure, related to the great dependence that populations have on natural resources and the need to create new areas for agriculture and livestock, which often leads to the occurrence of uncontrolled fires.
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Study Area
Figure 8.45 - Mapping of Habitats present in Morrumbala district (Source: Perfil ambiental distrital de Morrumbala
8.2.2. Fauna
Package 4 – Mocubela e Package 5 - Pebane
Terrestrial mammals There are no inventories of the terrestrial fauna of the Mocubela District. However, some references to the fauna of this district (DNFFB, 2004; MAE, 2005; Chardonnet et al., 2009; Government of the Maganja da Costa District, undated) confirm the existence of lions in low densities (less than 1 per 100 km2), elephants (there are records of conflicts), bush pigs, changos, gazelles, pala-palas, cudos, horse oxen, zebras, hippos and monkeys.
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Birds Zambezia is particularly rich in avifauna translating the great diversity of habitats existing from swampy regions, estuarines, mountainous forests and coastal forests. In this province are three of the fifteen Important Areas for Birds (IBAs) identified in Mozambique, and the Moebase region in pebane district is one of these areas. For the Moebase region (and given the proximity it is assumed that Mocubela has the same species) are identified 181 species of birds with terrestrial habitats and about 49 with marine coastal habitats such as dunes, mangroves, estuaries and beaches (Coastal and Environmental Services, 1998a). Of these, five species constitute species of concern at the global conservation level and are classified as endangered (Black Swallow, European Black Swallow, Chestnut- fronted Lace, Mongolian Lamb and the Snake Grebe), one is in danger (Lake Heron) and the other vulnerable (Giant Calau). Two of the species (cardinal weaver-de zanzibar and pale-billed Calau) are not found in any of the other IBAs in Mozambique (Parker, 2001).
Herpetofauna (Reptiles and Amphibians) The inventory of reptiles and amphibians carried out in the Moebase region of Pebane (Coastal and Environmental Services, 1998a), reports the existence of at least 27 species of amphibians and 55 confirmed reptiles. These include species of frogs, frogs, reindeer, platanas, osgas, lizards, snakes, crocodiles and tortoises. Five other amphibian species, according to the study mentioned, may occur raising amphibian fauna in this region to 32 species. Of the 27 species of amphibians recorded, 22 represent an extension in the distribution of amphibians in the region because they have never been reported to the area before. For reptiles, the register includes two new discovered species, also endemic to the region; a snake (Dromophis nov. sp.) and an osga (Lygodactylsus sp.). The Zambezi's Moleshell Tortoise is listed on the IUCN Red List as threatened and its occurrence in Moebase represents an extension in its distribution in Mozambique's coastal systems. The state of conservation of both amphibians and reptiles is generally not known.
Package 6 – Morrumbala
According to bibliographic research, it was possible to inventory a total of 777 species of fauna with the possibility of occurrence in the District of Morrumbala.
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The group with the highest number of species is the avifauna group, and it is estimated that 382 species of birds occur in this District; this is followed by the group of mammals with 109 species, insects with 112, reptiles with 76, fish with 58 and amphibians with 40 inventoried species. Among the species with unfavorable conservation status according to the IUCN (2014), there are: 1 fish - Silver beard (Barbus choloensis) - 8 birds - Felosa of Iraq (Acrocephalus gri heron (Ardeola idae), Southern Crowned Crane (Balearica regulorum), Giant Calau (Bucorvus leadbeateri), Vulture-white-backed (Gyps africanus), Martial eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus), Secretary (Sagittarius serpentarius) and white-headed Vulture (Trigonocep occipitalis sccipitalis) - and 3 mammals - Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), Mabeco (Lycaon pictus), Pangola (Smutsia temminckii). The Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis), has historical occurrence in this district.
8.2.3. Conservation Areas
Package 4 – Mocubela and Package 5 – Pebane
Inthe Districts dand Mocubela and Pebane there are no conservationareas,porém, two importantregions with potential for conservation are identified in thisdistrict, namely a large region of about 800 km2 consisting of a mosaic of floodplains, savannas and prairies thought to be an important region for birds, and an important fragment of coastal forest (the second in Zambezia beyond the one that constitutes the Gilé Reserve). The coastal forest fragment (17° 20' S and 37° 4 0' E) in Mocubela has an area of 600 km2 and constitutes one of several fragments of coastal forests that make up the great Eco-Region of Coastal Forests of East Africa (Box 4). The dominant vegetation in this fragment is the dry coastal forest. This forest is considered to be threatened as Mocubela is among the districts where there is excessive logging. Another type of threat is the opening of new areas for agriculture. The mosaic of about 800 km2 of floodplains, savannas and prairies, lies identified as an important area of wetlands in the context of the great East African Marine Eco-region (Box 5). However, the lack of information on the area has not allowed its classification in any of the different statutes that reflect the degree of priority in the implementation of different conservation and sustainable use actions.
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Package 6 – Morrumbala
The Morrumbala District area overlaps with two areas of high ecological value: the Derre Forest Reserve and the IBA Monte Chiperone. Together these two areas occupy 14,960 ha, making 1.9% of the District area classified, although IBA Monte Chiperone does not benefit from a protection status. It is also noted that in the new law establishing the statute of conservation areas, Law No. 16/2014, of June 20, there is no Figure of Forest Reserve, so it is unknown what is the effective protection status of the Forest Reserve of Derre.
Study Area
Figure 8.46 – Morrumbala Conservation Areas (CENACARTA/Birdlife International)
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8.3. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
8.3.1. Administrative organization
Package 4 – Mocubela
The District of Mocubela was elevated to district in 2012. Before 2012, Mocubela belonged to the district of Maganja da Costa. Mocubela is divided into two administrative posts, which in turn are subdivided into six localities, as indicated in the following table. The ZIP is located in the administrative post of Bojone.
Table 8.5 - Mocubela District Administrative Division (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) Administrative Locality Posts Bojone Missal Nacuida Naico Mussipa Mocubela Mocubela – sede Maneia Muzo
Package 5 – Pebane
The District of Pebane is divided into three administrative posts, which in turn are subdivided into fourteen locality, as indicated in the following table. The ZIP is located at the administrative posts of Mulela and Naburi.
Table 8.6 - Pebane District Administrative Division (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique) Administrative Locality Posts Pebane Sede Quichanga Impaca Magiga Nicadine Mulela Mulela Sede Alto Maganha Malema Namanla Naburi Naburi Mihécué Namahipe Tomeia Txalalalane
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Package 6 – Morrumbala
The district of Morrumbala are divided into three administrative posts, which in turn are subdivided into ten localities, as indicated in the following table. The ZIP is located in the Chire administrative post office.
Table 8.7 - Pebane District Administrative Division (Source: CENACARTA) Administrative Locality Posts Chire Chire Chilomo Gorro Megaza Megaza Pinda Morrumbala Boroma Mepinha Morrumbala Muandiua Sabe
8.3.2. Demographics
Package 4 – Mocubela
With a total area of 7,674 km² and a registered population of 276,881 inhabitants (2007 Census) the District of Maganja da Costa has an average population density of 36 inhabitants per km². This is very close to the average density of Zambezia Province (37.20 inhabitants/km2), but is slightly above the national (25.3hab/km²).
Table 8.8 - Population of the Maganja da Costa District/Mocubela (Source: INE) Year/Census Men Women Total Growth rate (%) 1997 107.210 122.020 229.230 1,7 2007 129.692 147.189 276.881 1,7 2017 59.435 65.298 124.734 (was elevated to district in 2012. Before that belonged to Maganja da Costa)
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Study Area
Figure 8.47 – Population Density and Population Cluster Distribution in District and Mocubela (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
Package 5 – Pebane
With a total area of 10,182 km² and a population of 182,333 inhabitants (2007 Census), the Pebane District has a population density of 18.2 inhabitants per km². This number is below the density of Zambezia Province (37.2 inhabitants/km2), the country (25.3hab/km²) and the average of the districts of the coastal strip of Mozambique (46.4 inhabitants/km2). This district is home to 3.6% of the total population of the districts off the coast of Mozambique. The 2007 Census shows that a majority of the population of this district (92%) resides in the countryside.
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Table 8.9 - Population of Pebane District (Source: INE) Year/Census Men Women Total Growth rate (%) 1997 66,026 69,249 135,275 2,7 2007 91,008 94,325 185,333 2,7 2017 103.727 108.577 212,304 2,5
Study Area
Figure 8.48 – Population Density and Population Cluster Distribution in District dand Pebane (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
Package 6 – Morrumbala
Morrumbala was one of the largest districts of Zambezia province, having, in 2007, the second largest number of residents, with a population density of approximately 30 inhabitants/km².
Table 8.10 - Population of Morrumbala District by Administrative Post (Source: INE) Year/Census Men Women Total Growth rate (%) 1997 148.593 155.480 304.073 2,17 2017 139.525 157.931 297.456
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8.3.3. Education
Package 4 – Mocubela
The illiteracy rate of the Mocubela District is around 64.5%. This indicates that the district is in a situation aligned with the Zambezia Province, whose rate is in the order of 62.5%, and less favorable than that of the country, whose illiteracy rate is calculated at 50.3%. However, the Mocubela District is in a more favorable situation compared to others in Mozambique's coastal strip. It should be noted that the average illiteracy rate in Mozambique's coastal districts is estimated at 71.2%. The District's school system currently consists of 185 schools, 4 of which are secondary schools.
Package 5 – Pebane
The illiteracy rate in Pebane District is 62.3%. This indicates that the district is in a situation similar to that of Zambezia Province (62.5%) and less favorable than that of the country, whose illiteracy rate is in the order of 50.3%. However, this district is in a more favorable situation than the others on the coast of Mozambique. It should be noted that the average illiteracy rate of districts in Mozambique’s coastal strip is estimated at 71.2%. Although illustrative data of this situation have not been made available, it is estimated that, like the country and Zambezia province, most of the illiterate population of this district is represented by women. The District's school system currently consists of 149 schools, the most comprehensive level being primary. There are 3 secondary schools in the district, but only one of them teaches the 2nd Cycle of secondary level (ESG2). It should be noted that of the total schools, only 41 are built with conventional materials. Most (108 schools) are built on local materials.
Package 6 – Morrumbala
According to the information of the INE (2013) the District has a school network with an important coverage at the level of the schools of the 1st grade, in the three administrative posts, with special emphasis on the density of educational equipment in the PA of Morrumbala. There were also 3 literacy centers (all in Morrumbala), a technical school (School of Arts and Crafts) in the village of the head office, 2 primary schools of 2nd grade, 7 EPC, a secondary school of the 1st grade and a higher education institution in Pinda.
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8.3.4. Health
Package 4 – Mocubela
The Mocubela District has 18 health facilities. The Rural Hospital is located in Maganja da Costa and the other health units are distributed throughout the different administrative posts and localities.
Package 5 – Pebane
The Pebane District has 11 health facilities. It should be noted that, with the exception of the two Health Posts in the district, the remaining health units are Type II Rural Health Centers, distributed by the Localities of Impaca, April 7, Malema, Mulelea, Muligode, Naburi, Pebane – Sede and Pele – Pele.
Package 6 – Morrumbala
At the level of the highlight health equipment for the Rural Hospital of Morrumbala, one of the best equipment at the level of Zambezia province. Currently, 21 health units are identified: 9 Type 2 Health Centers, 1 District Hospital and 1 Type 1 Health Center. The clinical staff consists of only 5 physicians, which shows notorious deficiencies in relation to the real needs of one of the most densely populated areas of Zambezia.
8.3.5. Accessibility
Package 4 – Mocubela
Road Network
The main access roads in the District of Mocubela occupy a total length of 351.7 km, of which 282.5 km correspond to classified roads and 69.2 km to unclassified roads. There is an airfield in the Maganja da Costa District at the District's Head office, and 3 landing strips at the Administrative posts of Nante, Bajone and Mocubela (see Table 11 and Figure 23). However, due to its high state of degradation only the Nante airstrip is in operation.
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Study Area
Figure 8.49 – Transportation and Accessibility in Mocubela district (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Maganja da Costa, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
Package 5 – Pebane
The main access roads in Pebane District occupy an extension of 447.2 km (ANE, 2011), of which 336.7 km corresponds to classified roads and 110.5 km to unclassified roads. These roads are mostly unpaved, presenting some of them a land surface and others gravel. The District of Pebane has 3 aerodromes, as illustrated in Table 11, of which only one is inoperable, the Naburi airfield that was under the management of the Government of Zambezia Province. Under the same management, the Pebane aerodrome, which has two runways, is currently operational. Nocotone airfield, unlike the rest of the district, is in a conserved state and under private management, in a private field of the Boror Company.
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Study Area
Figure 8.50 – Transport and Accessibility in Pebane District (Source: Perfil Ambiental do distrito de Pebane, Projecto de Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica da Zona Costeira – Moçambique)
Package 6 – Morrumbala
The main roads that cross the District are the Morrumbala – Luala and Morrumbala "Zero crossing". There is not exactly a network of public transport undertakings, and the movement of the populations is carried out by their own means or using formal transport. The river connections, important mainly on the Chire and Ruó river, are made through canoes (almadias) and the batelão whose conservation has been in charge of the Construction and Maintenance Company of Roads and Bridges (ECMEP). The batelão is manual, which requires a redoubled effort of operators and transported, in a crossing that sometimes has some risk. The District has an airfield (operational) located about 3 km from the village of Morrumbala, equipped with a landing strip with 1.1 km and a porch that serves as a waiting room for
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8.3.6. Industries
Package 4 – Mocubela
According to data from the 2007 Census, in the Mocubela District there is a total of 109,791 inhabitants involved in economic activities. As in the rest of the country and province, most of this population (91.9 %) is engaged in activities in the primary sector, including agriculture, forestry and fisheries. It should be noted that 3.2 % of this population is engaged in informal trade (marketing of fish and other products).
Table 8.11 - Population of Mocubela District by Administrative Post (Source: INE) Economic Activity Population Dedicated to activity
Number Percentage Agriculture/Forestry/Fisheries 100.861 91,9 Mining Extraction 147 0,1 Manufacturing Industry 2.123 1,9 Energy 17 0,0 Construction 700 0,6 Transport and Communications 143 0,1 Trade and Finance 3.512 3,2 Administrative Services 694 0,6 Other Services 1.379 1,3 Unknown 215 0,2 TOTAL 109.791 100
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Package 5 – Pebane
According to data from the 2007 Census, in the Pebane District there is a total of 67,974 inhabitants involved in the different sectors of the economy. As in the rest of the country and province, most of this population (91%) is engaged in activities in the primary sector, including agriculture, forestry and fisheries. However, 4.3% of this population is associated with trade and finance activities, mostly linked to informal trade (marketing of fish and other products). The manufacturing industry absorbs 1.6% of the working population, and it is linked to small industries (e.g. grinders, carpentry, fish processing, among others).
Table 8.12 - Pebane District Population by Administrative Post (Source: INE) Economic Activity Population Dedicated to activity Number Percentage Agriculture/Forestry/Fisheries 61.854 91,0 Mining Extraction 129 0,2 Manufacturing Industry 1.088 1,6 Energy 25 0,0 Construction 302 0,4 Transport and Communications 95 0,1 Trade and Finance 2.937 4,3 Administrative Services 502 0,7 Other Services 933 1,4 Unknown 109 0,2 TOTAL 67.974 100
Package 6 – Morrumbala
Agriculture is recognized as fundamental to the socio-economic development of the District. It is the predominant activity, involving almost all households being, in general, practiced manually in small family farms, under the basis of consociation of crops based on local varieties. Livestock and fishing emerge as parallel activities, and fishing plays a key role especially for riverside populations. Forestry and the extractive industry are increasingly assumed to be more entrepreneurial activities (given the area covered and the strategic importance) in view of the high potential of the District, both in forest production and in the exploitation of mineral resources. In general, the industry in the District is still underdeveloped, except for the cotton row and some industry associated with forest production, but which is still too concentrated in small sawmills. Industrial activity is fundamentally manufactured and is dedicated almost exclusively
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 to extraction activity (in the case of forests and some minerals) and to processing (cotton). At the level of agriculture, we highlight the existence of some grinds in the District, constituting an industry with low investment in terms of capital but important for job creation. The low productivity of agriculture has not contributed to the implementation of new industrial units, despite being a region with high development potential and in the proximity of the Mocuba Industrial Free Trade Zone.
8.3.7. Socio Cultural Environment
Package 4 – Mocubela
The history of the District of Mocubela is marked by the presence of the peoples of Marave origin, whom the Xewas designated to the members of the Phiri clan (A. Rita-Ferreira, 1975), originating in the North of Tete and Malawi, who during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries invaded the coastal region between Pebane and Zambezi under the order of the king of the Manganja branch of the Marave, with the possible aim of monopolizing the trade routes with the coast. These occupied the present regions of Moebase and Maganja, and to this day, descendants of these formations occupy the valley of the Chire River. The name given to the District of Maganja, originated in the occupation of the Managajes. Of the invading ethnicity, they survived in the District, ceremonies such as the masquerade dance, and the rain-order ceremonies designated "Mbona". For its rich track record, the district has monuments considered as legally registered culturalheritage, thesebeing the monument "Kondossano", and the warm waters in Muzo- Massupa. Since 2010, the history of the Aringa da Maganja da Costa has been investigated, a place that is presumed to have been a fortress where soldiers built their trenches. There is also in the Administrative Post of Bajone, a place where it was probably used for the concentration of slaves who were later transported by sea. Between 1862 and 1898, Mocubela was considered a Military Republic that resisted the Portuguese colonial occupation (Government of the Maganja da Costa District, 2006).
Package 5 – Pebane
In terms of architectural heritage, the Church of Pebane, with its unique architectural lines, is one of the most emblematic monuments of the Village of Pebane. There are also two parishes
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Package 6 – Morrumbala
The Seine ethnic group, constitutes the majority of the population and is the most frequent in the Administrative Posts of Morrumbala-Sede, Chire and Megaza; Loló, at the Administrative Post of Morrumbala-Sede, and; Lomué, chire administrative post. The District of Morrumbala has some ethnic and linguistic diversity, resulting from the cultural mosaic of zambezia's own population. The Cisena language group predominates and less than 5% of the population speaks in the cinyanja, Echuabo, Elomwe or Emahkuwa languages. In the District of Morrumbala there are more than 112 cultural groups, associated with music, theater anddance. Initiation rites are a common practice that plays an important role in rural communities, as they contribute to the preparation of adolescents for social tasks, serving as a passage to adulthood, reinforcing cohesion between generations and cementing the importance of the cultural heritage of ancestors. With regard to material heritage (with geological and tourist interest) the following locations are identified: o Mount Txutxi, at PA Morrumbala (Domingos village); o Mount Marrundo, at PA Morrumbala (village of Marrundo); o Warm waters, at PA Megaza (Pinda locality); o Mount Murrambala, at PA Megaza (Pinda locality); o Mount Nhacamba – at PA Morrumbala (village Chongolera); o Mount Lipembe, at PA Morrumbala (village of Cumbabo).
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9. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
9.1. INTRODUCTION
This chapter aims to identify, characterize and evaluate the impacts, which are expected to be generated by the construction and operation of the roads under study.
The assessment of these impacts shall be carried out on the basis of a description of their effects and a characterization based on the following systematization:
TYPE OF IMPACT Direct Indirect VALUE SENSE Positive negative Medium DURATION Intermittent Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Term INTENSITY/SEVERITY Neglectable Low Moderate High EXTENSION Limited Local Regional PROBABILITY Uncertain Improbable Probable Highly Probable Certain SIGNIFICANCE Low Moderate High OVERALL SIGNIFICANCE Insignificant Low Moderate High
The meaning of each classification element is defined more accurately below:
The type of impact of an impact is to identify whether the consequence of a given project action directly affects the environment (direct effect), or whether it causes impacts that in turn have side effects that result in new environmental impacts (indirect effect), or if it gives rise to situations that, regardless of the project, cause changes in the environment (induced effect).
The value sense of an impact means the nature of its consequence at the level of a given descriptor, that is, whether the impact in question values (positive) or devalues (negative) the environmental quality of that descriptor.
As for the duration of an impact, it intends to define whether it manifests itself only during a certain (temporary) period of time, whether it manifests itself occasionally over the lifetime of the project (periodic) or if it manifests itself throughout the lifetime of the project (permanent).
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The intensity/severity of an impact corresponds to its size, whether it refers to an area, an emission level, or a concentration of pollution. This size is usually weighted in terms of relative allocation and depending on the type of project, being a very objective characterization.
The extension of an impact corresponds to the physical and spatial size of the impact, which may be limited to the project site (limited), affect the environment or communities throughout the (local) project or extend beyond the affected area of study areas in a regional (regional) scale.
The probability of impacts corresponds to the actual probability of impacts occurring. The probability may be uncertain when there is insufficient information to determine your probability (uncertain), unlikely, probable or very likely or certain when the impact will occur regardless of any mitigation plans or actions that may be implemented.
In turn, the significance of an impact consists of the social or ecological importance that this impact represents, being a more subjective variable since it depends on the sensitivity of the evaluator.
Throughout the study each impact will be examined in a particular way, and a synthesis of the allocation that the project will cause at the level of each descriptor will be promoted.
Furthermore, depending on the size and importance of the impacts assessed, measures to reduce or compensate for the negative effects of the project will be necessary, or on the other hand, to enhance the positive effects it has.
Since the route analyzed is in the preliminary study phase, the measures currently proposed will sometimes be of a generalist nature, with the aim of identifying the actions to be taken, rather than sizing equipment or treatment/reduction systems.
These measures will also give you an approximate idea of what negative environmental impacts will be nullified or reduced, and what negative environmental impacts will remain.
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9.2. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES Table 9.1 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures - Topography, Geology and Geomorphology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Occurrence of Construction Road Banks Negative, limited low Maintenance of the stability in the slopes. Contractor Unstable slopes instability phenomena intensity and Stabilization by physical processes and/or through with ravines caused by land significance plant coating. due to erosion movements Changes caused by Road Banks Negative, intensity and Whenever the dimensions of the landfills allow, its Contractor High in the land movements significance will be as Construction should suit the natural model of the slopes higher as the landfills terrain. Landfill embankments morphologically and excavations similar to natural relief should be formed. planned are larger Deposition of land and Pre Construction Negative, local, The re-use of excavation materials in the Contractor, List of suitable necessity to resort to construction area and medium to high construction of landfills should be a priority; Local authority locations for loaned land and surroundings intensity and high The leftover land should be deposited in and local quarries and Construction significance appropriate places and the needs of building administration borrow pits materials should be obtained from existing sources in the region. Loss of stability of road Operation Road Banks Negative, limited, Treatment, maintenance and eventual monitoring Contractor, Number of banks and medium to high of unastable blocks, especially in areas whose Local authority slopes Deactivation intensity and high structural and mechanical characteristics of the and local intervened for significance rock can be influential in the degree of administration containment consolidation of the layers. Considering the geological characteristics of the terrain, it is recommended to monitor and contain, in particular through the application of a metal network or other measure, of areas with increased probability of rupture.
Table 9.2 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils
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Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Soil compaction (by the Construction Mananga soils with Negative, limited, Restrict the location of shipyards, or other Contractor Location of circulation of machinery, sandy cover of of reduced temporary installations, as well as the paths shipyards and equipment and personnel), varying thickness, significance and of access to the work, to the soils of lower machine the productive capacity of Sandy-textured medium intensity capacity of use, avoiding the soils of higher passage sites soils brown soils, productivity. Medium texture red Restrict the movement of machines to the soils; permeable space strictly necessary to the Construction and vulnerable to of the roads, and its side areas. pollution Contamination of soils with Soils of alluvial clay Negative, of Restrict the location of machinery parks and Contractor Location of oil and fuels resulting from and alluvial thick- medium the performance of machinery maintenance machine parks. accidental spills textured laminates significance and activities in the most permeable soils - - suitable for intensity alluvials. Locations for oil agriculture, storage. permeable Storage soils in waterproofed places that can be cleaned regularly. Waste guides for the Treat the affected area whenever there is deposition of accidental contamination of the soil, contaminated collecting the soil and depositing it as material. referred to in the Waste Management Plan. Elimination of vegetation Soils of alluvial clay Negative, local, Revegetation of bare soils to avoid Contractor Quantity of covering soil, instability in and alluvial thick- limited, of medium prolonged exposure to erosive agents revegetated unprotected soils, textured laminates significance and Use the land from the pickling of alluvial soils exposure to erosive - suitable for intensity soils, whose spots are restricted to river Amount of land agents, and changing agriculture, valleys, increasing the effectiveness of reused in drainage patterns permeable plantations and the consolidation of cuts construction and landfills, ensuring the reduction of the risks of water and wind erosion.
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Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Allocation of agricultural Construction Construction area Significant negative After completion of the work, in soils of Contractor and Sites targeted activity (difficulties in and and surroundings impact and medium good agricultural aptitude temporarily used, local for cleaning accessing parcels and deactivation intensity the materials of the work should be cleaned authorities after conducting water for and the scarification and grading carried construction. irrigation; trampling of out, in order to recover their natural Communication crops by workers and characteristics more quickly routes after the machinery; deposition of Rapid replacement of affected crossings and construction dust on crops; destruction land structures phase. of crops in progress; reduction of farm farming area) Soil contamination by the Operation Road surroundings Negative impact of Given the small intensity of the impacts, it deposition of atmospheric reduced intensity, is assumed that the vegetation will act as a emissions from road traffic little significant, buffer to air quality and it is not necessary or the influx of permanent and to implement mitigation measures. contaminated drainages irreversible
Allocation of agricultural Operation Road surroundings Negative impact, Optimization of the route in order to Contractor and Affected areas activity: destruction of the and local, of medium minimize the allocation of the local land local of agricultural use of farms by the deactivation intensity, structure and the viability of agricultural authorities and forestry creation of leftover plots significant, and forestry farms. structures. and by difficult access permanent and Monitoring and surveying of situations (barrier effect caused by irreversible where impacts occur. the new route); decreased productivity of agricultural crops in areas bordering the track due to difficulties in soil drainage.
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Table 9.3 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Reduction of the Construction Road and Negative, of varying intensity In the execution of embankments, Contractor Number of permeability of road slopes depending on the affected area, materials removed in the excavation materials geological formations all the more significant the process should be reused so as not to reused in the caused by the greater the permeability of the cause lithological contrasts that will construction construction of landfills affected formations and potentially induce waterproofing works and waterproofing of irreversible processes land crossed by road Contamination of Shipyards Negative, of varying intensity The installation of shipyards, Contractor Distance from groundwater caused by area depending on the affected area workshops, warehouses or any other shipyards to wastewater from and all the more significant the structures to support the work, should vulnerable shipyards greater the permeability of the be located at least 200m upstream and areas or water affected formations downstream of sites of high catchments. vulnerability to pollution, at least 100m Number of of private catchments. mobile toilets Mobile toilets should be installed on all installed. work fronts. Type of access Construction fronts must have access to drinking to drinking water by connecting to water. local networks or providing water Environmental points by the builder. Quality and The waters to be deposited in the Effluent environment must comply with the Emission Regulation on Environmental Quality Standards of Standards and Effluent Emission efluents. (decree 18/2004 of June 2) Contamination of Operation Road Negative, of varying intensity Cleaning any spills that may exist and Contractor Number of groundwater by surroundings depending on the affected area prevent spreading them to adjacent spills discharge of the water and all the more significant the areas from the track and by greater the vulnerability to accidental spills of toxic pollution of the affected and hazardous formations substances
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Table 9.4 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Crossing water lines Construction Water lines Negative, medium to high Select the best way to cross the water Contractor Number of water significance, of varying lines. lines crossed intensity depending on the affected area, of permanent duration and irreversible Dust emission to water For a project distance to the Avoid large movements of land in dry Contractor Distance from lines 50 m water line, it is periods. dust emission to considered irrelevant with Moisten the site by perpetration using water lines. favorable or unfavorable water, after the processes of land wind. movement Surface waterproofing Construction/ Road Negative and low Ensure maximum natural drainage. Contractor Amount of Operation significance. waterproofed area
Table 9.5 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Interference with villages Construction Road Negative, direct, Shipyards should be located as far away from Contractor Distance from through the emission of surroundings temporary, medium housing areas as possible. the shipyards dust and combustion intensity and The soil should be watered in advance. to the gases from engines of the significance Materials transported by truck must be pre- populations. work machinery as well as moistened and covered. List of the emission of dust All machinery and vehicles with combustion inspections stemming from the engine equipment shall be inspected and carried out on movement of the land. maintained in good working condition. machinery.
Interference with villages Operation Road Negative, direct, Given the small intensity of the impacts, it is through the emission of surroundings permanent, reduced assumed that the vegetation will act as a buffer combustion gases from intensity and to air quality and it is not necessary to motor vehicles planned for significance implement mitigation measures. the Operation phase of the road.
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Table 9.6 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Handling and operation Construction Road Negative, direct, Limitation of work to the day time period. Contractor Working hours of heavy machinery (see surroundings temporary, mdium notes below this table) intensity and significance Land preparation, Road Negative, direct, Limitation of the work to the day time. Contractor Working hours excavation and paving surroundings temporary, high intensity Monitoring of the noise produced by the and significance work. Compaction and survey Construction Negative, direct, Location of the shipyard in areas far from Contractor Distance from of the shipyard area temporary, low intensity dwellings. shipyards to and significance Limitation of work to the day time period. populations. Interference with of Operation Road Negative, direct, Given the small intensity of the impacts, it villages surroundings permanent, reduced is assumed that the vegetation will act as a intensity and significance buffer to noise and it is not necessary to implement minimizing measures.
To mention about the handling and operation of heavy machinery:
• The machinery used in construction works will generate noise with various characteristics.
• Some equipment used may be relatively noisy, but others may have very high noise levels. During construction activity in general are associated several operations, ranging from excavation and earthmoving, to the very circulation of vehicles associated with the work, among other operations.
• The disturbances caused by these circumstances will be relatively punctual, delimited in time and space of influence.
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• Some noisy equipment used in this type of works may produce, in general terms, average noise levels of the order of intensity of 80 to 85 dB(A), at a distance of about 15 meters. Sometimes these levels may be exceeded depending on the use of specific machinery.
• In the following Table are presented the average levels of sound pressure, in dB(A), emitted by some equipment usually used in constructions, depending on their distance to their source, taking into account the effects of attenuation by divergences, but also the effects of supplementary attenuation introduced by acoustic absorption in the soil.
Table 9.7- Average sound pressure levels, expressed in dB(A), with distance to source, for various equipment used in road construction
DISTANCE TO SOURCE TYPE OF EQUIPMENT 15 M 30 M 60 M 120 M 240 M BULLDOZER 85 81 75 67 < 58 TRUCKS 82 78 72 64 < 55 CONCRETE PLANTS 80 76 70 62 < 53 CRANES 75 71 65 57 < 48 GENERATORS 77 73 67 59 < 50 COMPRESSORS 80 76 70 62 < 53
• Given that Mozambique does not have noise legislation, the limits indicated by the IFC for environmental noise should be used:
Table 9.8- Noise Exposure Limits set by IFC
ONE HOUR LAEQ (DBA) RECEIVER DAYTIME (07:00 – 22:00) NIGHT (22:00-07:00) RESIDENTIAL, INSTITUTIONAL, 55 45 EDUCATIONAL INDUSTRIAL, COMERCIAL 70 70
Source: Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines GENERAL EHS GUIDELINES: ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE MANAGEMENT
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Table 9.9 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Destruction of Construction Construction Negative, variable Restriction of deforestation operations to strictly Contractor Amount of Vegetable Cover areas, land loan intensity and necessary areas; protection of specimens most and local destroyed areas and drains, significance (depending environmentally or aesthetically representative authorities vegetable shipyards, on the type of habitat (including transplantation); restriction of the cover temporary routes affected), permanent movements of machines and workers in the most of access to the and irreversible sensitive areas; implementation of revegetation work projects in the affected area. Degradation and Deforested areas Contractor Number of replacement and local areas striped of plant authorities from communities vegetation Water Lines Embakement and Negative, of medium Protection of riparian vegetation (sidings); Contractor Water lines Interference excavation zones intensity and restriction of work actions to strictly necessary and local crossed and associated with significance, permanent areas; Construction of temporary bridges without authorities their crossing water lines and irreversible resorting to concrete pipes mode Physiological changes Construction Surrounding the Negative, of low Prevent spills of polluting substances into the Contractor Number of and project intensity and aquatic environment; watering the marginal existing spills Operation implementation significance, temporary vegetable cover of the various provisional roads, in the works. area and reversible reducing suspended dust and limiting the risk of Amount of fire during the dry period watered area Environmental Project Negative, medium Schedule vegetation cleaning actions for less Contractor Calendar of disturbance implementation intensity, mean sensitive periods for most animal species deforesting area and nearby significance, temporary (betweenMarch and July); limit working hours of actions surrounding area and reversible the noisiest activities Cutting effect and Operation Area surrounding Negative, medium/high Promote the naturalization of crossing zones by Contractor Number of increased mortality the project intensity and planting suitable vegetation and placing and local vegetation implementation significance and vegetation corridors in order to direct the authorities corridors area uncertain occurrence animals to the passages implemented Changing animal Project Negative, of medium Implementation of revegetation projects of the Contractor Number of habitats and implementation intensity and affected area, with the use of traditionally and local areas communities area and significance, permanent current species, favoring the continuity of the authorities revegetated surrounding areas and irreversible original biotopes
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Table 9.10 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social Environment
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Acquiring licenses and Pre Project Areas To acquire all permits Contact with the local leaders for Contractor, Permits issued permits for the project Construction and licenses from permission in its jurisdiction área administration Environmental relevant government and Clear all paper work with DIPREME and local issues are local authorities for permits and licensing for authorities included in the quarries. design and Bill To give control to the populations of Quantities and reduce their perception of risk by providing prior and correct information about Construction, its phases and types of work in each, the sectioned routes and repositions, etc.. Highlight the gains for populations adjacent to Construction and the proposed impact mitigation measures Feeling of inconvenience and Construction Construction They're specific to the To give control to the populations Contractor Distance from increased health problems, areas and/or the situation. However, a and reduce their perception of risk the dwellings with consequent structures and large proportion of cases by providing prior and correct to the work. deterioration of quality of equipment are characterized by information about Construction, its Amount of life associated with negative, direct and phases and types of work in each, information it, approach less indirect, permanent, the sectioned routes and repositions, produced for Possibility of sexual violence than 70m of medium to high intensity etc.. Highlight the gains for the population. and/or gender-based dwellings or impacts and significant populations adjacent to Construction Code of other types of and the proposed impact mitigation conduct structures with measures. signatures. social and Occurrences of economic Preparation and follow-up of a code of significance specific code of conduct for the work conduct (agricultural, with the principles listed in Annex X. violations. industrial, commercial, leisure or social support)
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Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Increased employability Construction Shipyards and Positive, direct, Privilege the hiring of local labor, Contractor Number of Construction permanent, high- always in conjunction with local employees of Areas intensity and significant leadership. local origin. or very significant Include a minimum quota of 25% for Number of impacts the female workforce women involved in the project. Disruption of mobility Construction, Areas where the These are specific to the Replacement of routes of significant Contractor, Number of patterns and of social Operation road sections volume of use of the local importance or the creation of ANE, roads interaction networks and of and without routes and the alternative routes to these. administration interrupted by culturas and historical deactivation replacement importance attributed to and local the work. assests roads of local them by their users. authorities importance However, a large and/or proportion of cases are significant inter- characterized by having localities negative impacts, direct and indirect, permanent or temporary, of medium to high intensity, synergistic or isolated and significant or very significant Increased traffic and Construction Road and Negative, direct, Careful evaluation of the occurrence Contractor, Number of objective and perceived and accesses permanent, medium to or possibility of accidents on roads ANE, accidents risks of road accidents Operation high intensity impacts and accesses and implementation of administration occurring and significant or very road safety measures according to and local significant this assessment. authorities Provide information to road users. Improving accessibility of Operation District Positive, direct, Contractor, Number of people and goods permanent, high- ANE, trades in the intensity and significant administration district. or very significant and local Number of impacts authorities employees in the district
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Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Development of new Operation District Positive, direct, Contractor, Number of business and powering of permanent, high- ANE, trade in the existing ones intensity and significant administration district. or very significant and local impacts authorities
Table 9.11 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Landscape
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Terrain deforesting and Construction Areas where Negative, temporary, Protection of existing vegetation in Contractor and Protected soil pickling deforesting and partially reversible, project areas not affected by land local vegetation pickling of soils medium to strong movements; authorities area. occurs intensity and significant Removal, storage and replacement of Amount of land for the use of embankements. vegetation reused in construction. Extraction of inert sands Pre Areas close to Negative, temporary, Do not affect conditioned areas or soils Contractor and Land and deposit of excess Construction the construction partially reversible, of of high fertility; avoid affecting areas local deposition materials and site strong intensity and adjacent to the road; authorities sites. Construction significant The loan and deposit areas should be Number of re-replaced at the end of the work. land sent to quarries.
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Table 9.12 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Health and Safety
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Lack of safety in Construction Project Areas Negative, temporary, Adequate deviation road shall be provided not to Contractor, Light and caution construction partially reversible, interfere with normal traffic flow. Engineer, signals personnel, locals as of medium intensity Traffic rules and discipline should be observed by all installed in all well as other road and significant workers. The employer should ensure that all hazardous users operators and drivers are fully aware of and are able areas (deviation, to handle the responsibility they are assigned to. half with Install light and cautionary signs in hazardous areas. close, bridges Establish footpaths and vehicle pull-off bays along works, etc) the road, through villages and near markets, schools • Training and other community material for facilities. drivers and Speed control and traffic management measures put operators on in place including speed bumps to be constructed at traffic rules critical locations. Awareness creation on traffic safety and rules Changes in the Construction Project Areas Negative, temporary, Ensure all occupational health and safety Contractor, Clinic and first aid health condition and partially reversible, requirements are in place on construction sites and health staff, boxes at camp increase in the of medium intensity in work camps (first aids set and site and other infection and spread and significant clinic) HIV/AIDS working areas of STI and Awareness creation on basic health care, specialist/local Condom HIV/AIDS at environmental sanitation. NGO distribution workplace and to Implement awareness activities on HIV/AIDs Counseling and the local community pandemic at least once a month at project level Peer educators test records (workforce) community level. Peer educators Ensure enough condoms and awareness material is trained available to workforce and adjoining communities. IEC material Rehabilitate excavated grounds at quarry sites and specific to socio- borrow pits to avoid mosquito breeding. cultural context of Implement the COVID 19 contingency plan in Annex region IX.
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9.3. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND SPECIFIC MITIGATION MEASURES
9.3.1. Package 4 – Mocubela Table 9.13 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Topography, Geology and Geomorphology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Deposition of excess land Pre Construction site Negative, medium to high Priority should be given to the reuse of Contractor List of and need to resort to Construction and its intensity and high excavation materials in embankments and local suitable other lands and surroundings significance construction; authorities locations of Construction The leftover land must be deposited in quarries and appropriate locations and the needs of borrow pits. Construction materials should be Number of obtained from existing sources in the land sent to region. deposition Near the district office, Mocubela has areas. land sources that can be used by Construction. The district administration should be contacted for information on how to obtain the material. Soils erosion on the road Construction Road and Negative, medium to high Enhanced Construction should be Contractor Number of and at its surroundings and Operation surroundings intensity and high carried out at erosion-easing soil sites, slopes with significance i.e. erosion Missal, Namitaga, Ecado and Abacar. problems.
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Table 9.14 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Soil compaction (by Construction Mananga soils Negative, of reduced Restrict the location of shipyards, or other Contractor Shipyard the circulation of with sandy cover significance and temporary installations, as well as the paths of and local implementatio machinery, equipment of varying medium intensity access to the work in the following areas: authorities n sites and personnel) thickness, Sandy- Missal, Namitaga, Ecado and Livavia Productive capacity of textured brown soils soils, Medium texture red soils;permeable and vulnerable to pollution Contamination of soils Soils of alluvialto Negative, of medium Restrict the location of machinery parks and the Contractor Amount of with oil and fuels rgilos and alluvials significance and performance of machinery maintenance activities existing spills. resulting from thick-textured intensity on the most permeable soils. I.e.: Missal, accidental spills laminates - Namitaga, Ecado and Livavia Distance from suitable for machine agriculture, parks to permeable vulnerable locations.
Interference with Operation Road Negative impact of Optimization of the route in order to minimize the Contractor Number of agricultural activity: surroundings medium intensity, allocation of the local land structure and the agricultural unviability of farms by significant, viability of agricultural and forestry lands, in and forestry the creation of leftover permanent and particular in the areas of: Namitaga, Epia and structures plots and by the irreversible Bauala. affected. difficult access (barrier effect caused by the new road); decreased productivity of agricultural crops in areas bordering the track due to difficulties in soil drainage.
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Table 9.15 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Contamination of Construction Shipyard Negative, of varying intensity The installation of shipyards, Contractor and Distance from groundwater caused by areas depending on the affected area workshops, warehouses or any other local shipyards to wastewater from and all the more significant the structures to support the work, authorities vulnerable shipyards greater the permeability of the should be located at least 200m areas. affected formations upstream and downstream of sites of Location of the high vulnerability to pollution and at final least 100m of private catchments. destinations of The places to consider will be the the effluents of populations of Namitaga, Epia and the shipyards. Bauala.
Table 9.16 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Crossing water lines Construction Water lines Negative, medium to high Select the best way to cross the Contractor Amount and significance, of varying following water lines: Abacar and mode of intensity depending on the Namitaga water Line crossing water affected area, of permanent lines duration and irreversible Use of existing water Pre Water Negative, of medium Use natural water sources and concert Contractor, Quantity and sources for the Construction sources significance, of varying its use with district administration and administration location of water population and intensity depending on the local leadership. and local sources. Construction number of workers, Some identified water sources that can authorities temporary and reversible be used are those in the Abacar and Namitaga areas
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Table 9.17 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Interference of villages Construction Road Negative, direct, Shipyards shall be located as far away Contractor and Distance from through the emission surroundings temporary, mean from the housing areas as possible, i.e. local authorities shipyards to of dust and combustion intensity and significance Missal, Namitaga, Ecado, Livavia, villages. gases from engines of Tapata, Bauala, Carramala and Ibane the machinery as well as the emission of dust stemming from the movement of land.
Table 9.18 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Compaction and Construction, Construction Negative, direct, Location of the shipyard in areas far Contractor and Distance from construction of the operation and area temporary, low intensity from dwellings i.e. local authorities shipyards to shipyard deactivation and significance Missal, Namitaga, Ecado, Livavia, villages. Tapata, Bauala, Carramala and Ibane
Table 9.19 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Destruction of the Construction Construction Negative, variable Restriction of deforesting operations to Contractor and Quantity and vegetable cover areas, land loan intensity and significance strictly necessary areas; protection of local authorities type of areas and drains, (depending on the type specimens more environmentally or deforested areas shipyards, of habitat affected), aesthetically representative as the temporary routes permanent and following: of access to the irreversible. Mangrove species, species in riverside work forests. Degradation and Deforested areas Contractor and Quantity and replacement of plant local authorities type of communities deforested areas
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Table 9.20 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social Environment
Impact Phase of Area of occurrence Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence characteristics indicator Feeling of Construction Areas where the They're specific to To give control to the populations and reduce Contractor, Distance from inconvenience and Construction area of the situation. their perception of risk by providing prior and ANE, the dwellings increased health the road and/or the However, a large correct information about Construction, its administration to the work. problems, with structures and proportion of cases phases and types of work in each, the and local Amount of consequent equipment associated are characterised by sectioned routes and repositions, etc. authorities information deterioration of with it, approach less negative, direct and Highlight the gains for populations adjacent to produced for quality of life than 70m of indirect, permanent, Construction and the proposed impact the population. dwellings or other medium to high mitigation measures. Code of Possibility of sexual types of structures intensity impacts and The populations to be contacted are: conduct violence and/or with social and significant or very Missal, Namitaga, Ecado, Livavia, Tapata, signatures. gender-based economic significance significant Bauala, Carramala and Ibane. Occurrences of (agricultural, Preparation and follow-up of a specific code of violation of the industrial, conduct for the work with the principles listed code of commercial, leisure in Annex X and contact local NGOs for conduct. or social support) concertation of strategies. List of The local NGOs to be contacted are: contacted SGH, Association of Womenand Domestics of NGOs and Zambezia, Mozambican Women's Association meeting and Education, National Organization of minutes. Teachers and Association of the Blind of Mozambique Production of solid Shipyards and Negative, direct and Comply with the waste management plan and Contractor, Transport and waste from the construction fronts indirect, permanent use own sites for waste disposal. These sites administration waste Construction areas or temporary, of should focus on the existing dumpsters next and local deposition medium intensity and to the district office. authorities guides significant For this purpose, the district administration should be contacted and the strategy for the deposition of waste be defined before hand. Use of existing water Shipyards and Negative, direct, Fix with the local leadership the water sources Contractor Quantity and sources in construction fronts temporary, of low to use for the work. and local location of construction areas intensity and As possible water sources identified we have: authorities water sources significance. Namitaga, Missal and Carramali
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9.3.2. Package 5 – Pebane
Table 9.21 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Topography, Geology and Geomorphology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Deposition of excess Pre Construction site Negative, medium to Priority should be given to the reuse of Contractor and List of suitable land and need to resort Construction and its high intensity and high excavation materials in embankments local authorities locations of to other lands and surrondings significance construction; quarries and Construction The leftover land must be deposited in borrow pits. appropriate locations and the needs of Number of land Construction materials should be sent to obtained from existing sources in the deposition areas. region. In the Magida area there are 5 quarries that can be used either as a source of loan land and as deposition sites. Soils erosion on the Construction Road and Negative, medium to Enhanced Construction should be Contractor Number of slopes road and at its and Operation surrondings high intensity and high carried out at erosion-easing soil sites, with erosion surrondings significance i.e. Puna and Musseia. problems.
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Table 9.22 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Soil compaction (by Construction Mananga soils Negative, of reduced Restrict the location of shipyards, or other Contractor and Shipyard the circulation of with sandy cover significance and temporary installations, as well as the local authorities implementation machinery, of varying medium intensity paths of access to the work in the sites equipment and thickness, Sandy- following areas: personnel) textured brown Muigudje and Musseia. Productive capacity soils, Medium of soils texture red soils;permeable and vulnerable to pollution Contamination of Soils of alluvialto Negative, of medium Restrict the location of machinery parks Contractor Amount of existing soils with oil and rgilos and alluvials significance and and the performance of machinery spills. fuels resulting from thick-textured intensity maintenance activities on the most accidental spills laminates - permeable soils. I.e.: Distance from suitable for machine parks to agriculture, Villages of Muigudje and Musseia vulnerable permeable locations. Interference with Operation Road Negative impact of Optimization of the route in order to Contractor Number of agricultural activity: surroundings medium intensity, minimize the allocation of the local land agricultural and unviability of farms significant, structure and the viability of agricultural forestry structures by the creation of permanent and and forestry lands, in particular in the affected. leftover plots and by irreversible areas of: Muigudje and Musseia. the difficult access (barrier effect caused by the new road); decreased productivity of agricultural crops in areas bordering the track due to difficulties in soil drainage.
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Table 9.23 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Contamination of Construction Shipyard Negative, of varying intensity The installation of shipyards, Contractor and Distance from groundwater caused areas depending on the affected area workshops, warehouses or any local authorities shipyards to by wastewater from and all the more significant the other structures to support the vulnerable areas. shipyards greater the permeability of the work, should be located at least Location of the affected formations 200m upstream and downstream of final destinations sites of high vulnerability to of the effluents of pollution and at least 100m of the shipyards. private catchments. The places to consider will be the populations of Muigudje, Txalalane, Puna and Musseia.
Table 9.24 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Crossing water lines Construction Water lines Negative, medium to high Select the best way to cross the Contractor Amount and mode significance, of varying following water lines: Water lines of crossing water intensity depending on the before the village of Alto Muganha and lines affected area, of permanent after the village of Mucucune. duration and irreversible Use of existing water Construction Water Negative, of importance, of Use natural water sources and concert Contractor, Quantity and sources for the sources varying intensity depending its use with district administration and administration and location of water population on the number of workers, local leadership. local authorities sources. of temporary and reversible Some identified water sources that can duration be used are those in the Alto Muganha and Mucucune areas.
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Table 9.25 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Interference of villages Construction Road Negative, direct, temporary, Shipyards shall be located as far Contractor Distance from through the emission surroundings medium intensity and away from the housing areas as and local shipyards to of dust and combustion significance possible, i.e. authorities villages. gases from engines of Mucucune, Alto Muganha, Txalalane, the machinery as well Puna and Musseia. as the emission of dust stemming from the movement of land.
Table 9.26 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Compaction and Construction Construction Negative, direct, Location of the shipyard in areas far Contractor and Distance from construction of the and area temporary, low intensity from dwellings i.e. local shipyards to shipyard deactivation and significance Mucucune, Alto Muganha, Txalalane, authorities villages. Puna and Musseia.
Table 9.27 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Destruction of the Construction Construction Negative, variable Restriction of deforesting operations to Contractor and Quantity and vegetable cover areas, land loan intensity and significance strictly necessary areas; protection of local authorities type of areas and drains, (depending on the type specimens more environmentally or deforested areas shipyards, of habitat affected), aesthetically representative as the temporary routes permanent and following: of access to the irreversible. Mangrove species, species existing in work the Ever Green Coastal Forest of Degradation and Deforested areas Pebane. Contractor and Quantity and replacement of local authorities type of plant communities deforested areas
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Table 9.28 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social environment
Impact Phase of Area of occurrence Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence characteristics indicator Feeling of Construction Areas where the They're specific to To give control to the populations and Contractor, Distance from inconvenience and Construction area of the the situation. reduce their perception of risk by providing ANE, the dwellings increased health road and/or the However, a large prior and correct information about administration to the work. problems, with structures and proportion of cases Construction, its phases and types of work and local Amount of consequent equipment associated are characterised by in each, the sectioned routes and authorities information deterioration of with it, approach less negative, direct and repositions, etc.. produced for quality of life than 70m of dwellings or indirect, permanent, Highlight the gains for populations adjacent the population. other types of structures medium to high to Construction and the proposed impact Code of Possibility of sexual with social and economic intensity impacts and mitigation measures. conduct violence and/or significance (agricultural, significant or very The populations to be contacted are: signatures. gender-based industrial, commercial, significant Mucucune, Alto Muganha, Txalalane, Puna Occurrences of leisure or social support) and Musseia. violation of the Preparation and follow-up of a specific code code of of conduct for the work with the principles conduct. listed in Annex X and contact local NGOs for List of concertation of strategies. contacted The local NGOs to be contacted are: NGOs and National Organization of Teachers meeting Association of the Blind of Mozambique minutes. Pebane Women's Development Association, SGH, ANNI. Production of solid Shipyards and Negative, direct and Comply with the waste management plan Contractor, Transport and waste from the construction fronts indirect, permanent and use own sites for waste disposal. Since, administration waste Construction areas or temporary, of according to information from the district and local deposition medium intensity and administration, there are no sites for the authorities guides significant disposal of waste, the district administration should be contacted and the strategy for deposition of waste should be defined. Use of existing Shipyards and Negative, direct, Agree with the local leadership the water Contractor Quantity and water sources in construction fronts temporary, of low sources to use for the work. and local location of construction areas intensity and As possible water sources identified we authorities water sources significance. have: Alto Muganha, Txalalane and Musseia
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9.3.3. Package 6 - Morrumbala Table 9.29 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Topography, Geology and Geomorphology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence characteristics indicator Deposition of excess Pre Construction Negative, medium to Priority should be given to the reuse Contractor and local List of suitable land and need to resort construction site and its high intensity and high of excavation materials in authorities locations of quarries to other lands and surroundings significance embankments construction; and borrow pits. Construction The leftover land must be deposited Number of land sent in appropriate locations and the to deposition areas. needs of Construction materials should be obtained from existing sources in the region. There are two quarries in the Langose area that can be used for lending or depositing land. The district administration should be contacted for information on how to obtain the material. Soils erosion on the Construction, Road and Negative, medium to Enhanced Construction should be Contractor Number of slopes road and at its Operation surroundings high intensity and high carried out at erosion-easing soil with erosion surroundings and significance sites, i.e. problems. deactivation Tengane and Abicene.
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Table 9.30 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Soils
Impact Phase of Area of occurrence Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence characteristics indicator Soil compaction (by the Construction Mananga soils with sandy Negative, of reduced Restrict the location of shipyards, Contractor Shipyard circulation of machinery, cover of varying thickness, significance and mean or other temporary installations, and local implementation equipment and Sandy-textured brown intensity as well as the paths of access to authorities sites personnel) soils, Medium texture red the work in the following areas: Productive capacity of soils;permeable and Tengane and Abicene soils vulnerable to pollution Contamination of soils Soils of alluvialto rgilos Negative, of mean Restrict the location of machinery Contractor Amount of with oil and fuels and alluvials significance and parks and the performance of existing spills. resulting from accidental thick-textured laminates - intensity machinery maintenance activities spills suitable for agriculture, on the most permeable soils. I.e.: Distance from permeable Tengane and Abicene machine parks to vulnerable locations.
Interference with Operation Road surroundings Negative impact of Optimization of the route in order Contractor Number of agricultural activity: medium intensity, to minimize the allocation of the agricultural and unviability of farms by significant, permanent local land structure and the forestry the creation of leftover and irreversible viability of agricultural and structures plots and by the difficult forestry lands, in particular in the affected. access (barrier effect areas of: Tengane and Murire. caused by the new road); decreased productivity of agricultural crops in areas bordering the track due to difficulties in soil drainage.
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Table 9.31 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Hydrogeology
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Contamination of Construction Shipyard Negative, of varying intensity The installation of shipyards, Contractor and Distance from groundwater caused by areas depending on the affected area workshops, warehouses or any local authorities shipyards to wastewater from and all the more significant the other structures to support the vulnerable areas. shipyards greater the permeability of the work, should be located at least Location of the final affected formations 200m upstream and downstream of destinations of the sites of high vulnerability to effluents of the pollution and at least 100m of shipyards. private catchments. The places to consider will be the populations of Tengane, Murire e Txalalane.
Table 9.32 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Surface Water
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Crossing water lines Construction Water lines Negative, medium to high Select the best way to cross the Contractor Amount and mode of significance, of varying following water lines: Lines located crossing water lines intensity depending on the east of Tengana, Murire and Gorro affected area, of permanent duration and irreversible Use of existing water Construction Water Negative, of importance, of Use natural water sources and concert Contractor, Quantity and sources for the sources varying intensity depending its use with district administration and administration and location of water population on the number of workers, local leadership. local authorities sources. of temporary and Some identified water sources that reversible duration can be used are those in Cicune (according to district administration information).
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Table 9.33 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Air Quality
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Interference of villages Construction Road Negative, direct, Shipyards shall be located as far away Contractor and Distance from through the emission of surroundings temporary, medium from the housing areas as possible, i.e. local authorities shipyards to dust and combustion gases intensity and significance Tegane, Chire, Chilomo, Nota, Abicene, villages. from engines of the Bolde, Gorro, Murire, Amosse and machinery as well as the Marecene. emission of dust stemming from the movement of land.
Table 9.34 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Noise
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator Compaction and Construction Construction Negative, direct, Location of the shipyard in areas far from Contractor and Distance from construction of the and area temporary, low intensity dwellings i.e. local authorities shipyards to shipyard deactivation and significance Tegane, Chire, Chilomo, Nota, Abicene, villages. Bolde, Gorro, Murire, Amosse and Marecene.
Table 9.35 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Biological Environment
Impact Phase of Area of occurrence Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence indicator Destruction of the Construction Construction areas, Negative, variable Restriction of deforesting operations to Contractor and Quantity and vegetable cover land loan areas and intensity and significance strictly necessary areas; protection of local authorities type of drains, shipyards, (depending on the type specimens more environmentally or deforested temporary routes of of habitat affected), aesthetically like the “acácias”. areas access to the work permanent and Degradation and Deforested areas irreversible. Contractor and Quantity and replacement of local authorities type of plant communities deforested areas
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Table 9.36 - Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures – Social Environment
Impact Phase of Area of Impact characteristics Mitigation Measures Responsible Performance occurrence occurrence indicator
Feeling of Construction Areas where the They're specific to the To give control to the populations and reduce Contractor, Distance from inconvenience and Construction situation. However, a their perception of risk by providing prior and ANE, the dwellings increased health area of the road large proportion of cases correct information about Construction, its administration to the work. problems, with and/or the are characterised by phases and types of work in each, the sectioned and local Amount of consequent structures and negative, direct and routes and repositions, etc. authorities information deterioration of equipment indirect, permanent, Highlight the gains for populations adjacent to produced for quality of life associated with medium to high intensity Construction and the proposed impact mitigation the population. it, approach less impacts and significant measures. Code of Possibility of sexual than 70m of or very significant The populations to be contacted are: conduct violence and/or dwellings or Tegane, Chire, Chilomo, Nota, Abicene, Bolde, signatures. gender-based other types of Gorro, Murire, Amosse and Marecene.. Occurrences of structures with Preparation and follow-up of a specific code of violation of the social and conduct for the work with the principles listed in code of economic Annex X and contact local NGOs for concertation conduct. significance of strategies. List of (agricultural, The local NGOs to be contacted are: contacted industrial, World Vision, SGH, SDC National Association of NGOs and commercial, Teachers, Association of the Blind of meeting leisure or social Mozambique, Association of Domestic Women of minutes. support) Zambezia and District Union of Peasants of Morrumbala Production of solid Shipyards and Negative, direct and Comply with the waste management plan and Contractor, Transport and waste from the construction indirect, permanent or use own sites for waste disposal. These sites administration waste Construction areas fronts temporary, of medium should focus on the existing dumpsters next to and local deposition intensity and significant the district office. authorities guides For this purpose, the district administration should be contacted and the strategy for the deposition of waste be defined before hand Use of existing water Shipyards and Negative, direct, Fix with the local leadership the water sources to Contractor Quantity and sources in construction temporary, of low use for the work. and local location of construction areas fronts intensity and As possible water sources identified we have: authorities water sources significance. Cicume as apinted by the distric administration.
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10. PGAS PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION
10.1. STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITY
10.1.1. Responsibilities and Functions in the PGAS
The main responsibilities for the tasks related to the Environmental Management of this project are assigned to the following responsible:
Technical Director of the Construction, responsible for the Coordination and Management of the Project, and who assumes the maximum responsibility for the PGAS, being the Environmental Responsible of the Project; • Environmental Manager specialized in environmental management systems on site and who assumes the functions of Responsible for the Monitoring of the Implementation of the PGAS.
The essential responsibilities and functions of the PGAS structure, in addition to those defined above, correspond to those described below:
TECHNICAL DIRECTOR OF THE CONSTRUCTION
• Assume responsibility for the environmental compliance of the project (Environmental Responsibility of the Project); • Coordinate the work in general, taking into account compliance with environmental legislation and standards, in accordance with the Environmental Management Plan; • Verification of documents subject to approval; • Provide the necessary means for the implementation of the SGA of the Work; • Support the identification of the impacts and foreseeable environmental risks, in the design of sites, activities, construction processes and operations; • Support the preparation and review of PGAS, operating procedures / working instructions for environmental control, prevention and emergency response; • Implement and enforce the PGAS on site, the operating procedures / work instructions, as well as corrective and preventive actions defined as necessary; • Verify compliance with PGAS obligations applicable to the different specialties and activities of subcontractors and self-employed persons;
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• Support in the analysis of non-conformities and the definition, implementation and follow-up of corrective and preventive actions; • Take action to prevent anomalies or non-conformities and ensure that the non-compliant situation is followed up until the deficiency has been corrected; • Define the actions to be implemented to address environmental deficiencies detected in the course of the work; • Carry out the analysis of complaints and promote its resolution; • Identify training needs; • Immediately notify the World Bank of any incident or accident related to the Project that has, or may have, a significant adverse effect on the environment, affected communities, the public or workers, including but not limited to; incidents and accidents encountered during construction works, environmental spills, etc. • Provide sufficient details about the incident or accident, the findings of the Root Cause Analysis (RCA), indicating immediate measures or corrective actions taken or planned to resolve it, paid compensation and any information provided by any contractor and supervisory consultant, as appropriate. Make sure that the incident report is in accordance with the World Bank's Environmental and Social Incidence Report Toolkit (ESIRT).
TECHNICAL DIRECTOR OF WORK FRONT
• Responsible, before the Technical Director, for the control of all aspects related to the work in progress, ensuring that everything is executed according to the Defined Environmental and Social Management Plan and the Environmental Management System; • Ensure the availability of adequate resources for the execution of the work in environmental terms, including personnel, equipment and materials; • Support the implementation of measures initially not foreseen that may be required during the contract by the Owner of the Work, under conditions to agree with this entity; • Ensure that the responsibility, authority and interrelationship of all construction officers who manage, carry out and/or verify parameters related to the environmental component of the project are defined and are known to all; • Participate in the development and implementation of the Environmental Management Plan; • Ensure that the work of the work fronts that leads are developed according to the environmental information contained in the Environmental Management Plan;
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• Ensure the availability of adequate resources for the execution of the work in environmental terms, including personnel, equipment and materials; • Ensure the implementation of environmental measures in the work of the work; • take action to prevent anomalies or non-conformities and ensure that the non-compliant situation is followed up until the deficiency has been corrected; • Implement actions to address deficiencies detected in the course of work; • Verification of documents subject to approval; • Implement and enforce the PGAS on site, the operational procedures / work instructions, as well as corrective and preventive actions defined as necessary, in accordance with the instructions of the DTE; • Support in the analysis of non-conformities and the definition, implementation and follow-up of corrective and preventive actions.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGER ON SITE
• Responsible for monitoring the implementation of PGAS; • Develop and keep up-to-date the PGAS and its procedures, including the verification of the environmental conformity of the shipyards and work fronts, based on the reference characteristics of the surrounding intervention area; • Promote and ensure the application of PGAS on site and operational procedures / work instructions; • identify non-conformities and carry out their analysis and the definition and follow-up of corrective and preventive actions; • Awareness and training of entities involved in the implementation of PGAS; • control of existing supporting documents for the implementation of PGAS; • Organization and completion of the environmental records that will constitute the Dossier of Work Environment; • Analysis and maintenance of the archive of environmental incidents/non-conformities that occurred; • Communication to the Technical Director of The Contractor of the difficulties experienced in the implementation of the planned mitigation measures; • Preparation of environmental management reports of work, namely the semiannual and final reports; • Implementation of environmental monitoring programs and preparation of their reports.
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GENERAL MANAGER
• Environmental managers of shipyards and construction fronts; • Ensure compliance with environmental procedures on work fronts in order to avoid non-compliant situations; • Responsible for the implementation of corrective actions relating to anomalies and non-conformities that may be recorded; • Support the activities of the Construction Directorate and the Environmental Manager in the area of the environment; • Immediately report the occurrence of environmental accidents to the Construction Director, Environmental Manager and Environmental Management Technician in Construction; • Fill in the records that are associated with your roles.
FRONT MANAGER
• Ensure the implementation of the environmental measures provided for in the execution of the work; • Correct non-conformities detected in accordance with preventive/corrective action proposals; • Report the occurrence of environmental accidents to the General Manager, Environmental Manager and Environmental Management Technician on Site;
The following Figure shows the chain of responsibilities of the entities involved in the implementation of the PGAS.
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PROJECTDONO DE OWNEROBRA
FISCALIZATIONFISCALIZAÇÃO
DIRECTOR TECHNICALTÉCNICO DE CONSTRUCTIONEMPREITADA DIRECTOR
DIRECTOR DE OBRA DIRECTOR DE OBRA WORK- OBRA -GERALFRONT - DIRECTOR- OBRAS AND DE TEAM ARTE - E RESTANTE EQUIPA E RESTANTE EQUIPA
ENVIRONMENTALGESTOR AMBIENTALMANAGER PLANO ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DE GESTÃO MANAGEMENT PLAN (PGAS) AMBIENTAL (PGA)
CONTRACTUTALRESPONSABILIDADES RESPONSABILITIESCONTRATUAIS
FULLFILMENTCUMPRIMENTO OF LEGISLATIONDE LEGISLAÇÃO
ENVIRONMENTALESTUDOS AMBIENTAISSTUDIES
Figure 10.1 – Chain of responsibilities of entities involved in the implementation of PGAS
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10.2. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE OF THE SHIPYARD AND CONSTRUCTION FRONTS AND DEFINITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES
The environmental compliance of the shipyard and work fronts involves the:
• Verification of environmental compliance of the planning of shipyards and work fronts, according to the assessment carried out in terms of the reference situation of the site; • Identification of the most critical aspects, which will be minimized by the adoption of different solutions according to each phase of the work or place; • Assessment of the impact factors of shipyards and works on environmental values, services, goods and population; • Definition of environmental management procedures, to be implemented in the execution of each activity during the construction and demobilization phase, for the operational control of environmental impacts assessed as significant and prevention and response to environmental emergencies.
Actions to monitor activities and operations and monitor and measure environmental aspects and/or impacts are carried out throughout the development of the different phases of work, being adapted to each phase and having two essential components:
• The permanent control at work, by the various actors with responsibilities in the implementation of the project, in order to prevent any negative impacts, reducing or eliminating the causes that may alter the quality of the environment, with great importance in this respect the awareness and training of all workers; • The monitoring and regular inspection of the work, work fronts and shipyard, made by the Environmental Management, and which corresponds essentially to the qualitative monitoring of the impacts of the current effects affecting the main factors of environmental, human and ecological quality.
The operational procedures of environmental management aim to ensure the correct implementation of Environmental Management at Work in order to avoid risk situations that enhance the degradation of the quality of the environment, to respond to the applicable legal and contractual requirements in the field of the environment, to minimize the environmental impacts arising from the construction phase, to promote the correct management of waste generated by work , and define responsibilities and channels of communication between the
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 entities involved in the contract, in accordance with the environmental constraints to be fulfilled, specified both in the general legislation and in the specifications of this contract.
In addition to the environmental management procedures to be implemented in the execution of each activity during the construction and demobilization phase, the following operational environmental management procedures should be considered, according to the specifications of the construction owner, they are:
• PAmb_01 - Management of legal requirements and other requirements; • PAmb_02 - Environmental inspections; • PAmb_03 - Management of non-hazardous waste; • PAmb04 - Hazardous waste management; • PAmb_05 - Reduced particle re-emission; • PAmb_06 – Guidelines for quarries and borrow pits; • PAmb_07 - Labour Camp Guidelines; • PAmb_08 - Occupational health and safety guidelines; • PAmb_09 - Report Templates.
In parallel and according to the development of the work, environmental procedures associated with constructive activities should be developed. These procedures should be included in Annex II.
In order to gather and systematize all information regarding the environmental compliance of the shipyard and construction fronts, a matrix was developed that lists the significant environmental aspects and impacts to be controlled on site, depending on the construction activities.
In this matrix, presented in Chapter 7, for each environmental aspect/impact, the main prevention, mitigation and monitoring actions to be implemented for the construction phase are presented, as well as the applicable environmental management operational procedures.
10.3. TRAINING, AWARENESS AND COMPETENCE
The main objective of training and awareness-raising activities will be to convey to employees the importance of the adoption of certain environmental behaviors and practices to be implemented during the implementation of their activities.
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The content sums of the actions to be developed will address:
• The environmental procedures defined by the SGA to be implemented in the various phases of work and the consequences of their non-implementation; • The importance of proper integrated waste management (sorting, segregation, storage, packaging and final destination); • The awareness of employees involved in oil handling operations, to the consequences of possible fuel and oil spills, alerting them to the care to be taken when maintenance operations of machinery and vehicles engaged in the work. • Raising awareness of the protection of hydraulic, ecological and soil systems; • Raising awareness for the prevention of the Gender Violence (GBV) and Violence against Children (VAC).
In order to raise employees' awareness of these aspects, awareness-raising actions will be given priority with the person in charge of the work of these employees, focusing mainly on employees involved in activities potentially generating environmental impacts. The language to be adopted by the Environmental Work Manager will be simple and clear, ensuring that the message is actually transmitted. The training will also focus on the Technical Director of the Contractor and the Environmental Manager (responsible for the implementation), at the level of the presentation of the PGAS, the environmental procedures and the description of the applicable legal and contractual requirements.
The contractor shall make their employees available for initial training of 1.5 days, and a total of at least 0.5 days per month for other such formal trainings.
The Training Plan and the forms associated with the registration of training are presented in Annex IV - Environmental Training Plan.
10.4. INTERACTION WITH ANE
In the selected provinces ANE delegations have a focal point for cross cutting issues with no clear mandate, for instance in Zambezia the focal point is responsible for the implementation of the social agenda mostly concentrated in the HIV and AIDS campaign with the contractors therefore have more close relationship with the Provincial HIV Council and less with DPTADER
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 on environmental matters. In the last years in Zambezia there was a major road development project that the delegation has to oversee the implementation of the EIA or ESMP. The routine road maintenance work done every year are all classified at C category, ANE inspection are more on engineering and social aspects. With the implementation of the decree 109/2014 the focal point is now also working with local authorities to sensitize communities not to build any infra-structure within the road reserve. For the implementation of the IFRDP will be necessary to include additional amount to cover costs of the implementation of this ESMP. To meet project requirements on environmental and social aspects at each sub-project additional human resources may have to be hired under the project. Throughout the project, ANE delegation cross cutting focal points at provinces have to be integrated and exposed to process of screening, development and implementation of the ESMP. However, as stated earlier internally the ANE delegation does not have a longterm institutional perspective and no permanent institutional arrangement to overseen the aspects of social and environmental aspects. At present ANE Headquarters Monitoring Department includes the responsibility of the social and environmental subject matters. Hence, under the proposed project, it has been proposed in the ESMF to establish a dedicated unit within ANE which will be responsible for all social and environmental surveillance, project management, coordination and capacity building support to the ANE delegations. The various agencies at different levels (national, provincial and district) involved in the planning and implementation of environmental and social safeguard functions, will be given orientation and other capacity building, training from time to time to sensitize and familiarize with the ESMP provisions and processes. After awarding contract, the contractor will be given capacity enhancement orientation on the ESMP. Besides this, human resources for environmental and social management will be provided for independent third-party audit
10.5. COMMUNICATION
This requirement concerns the establishment of the process for communicating internal and external environmental information to the Company.
With regard to internal communication, effective means of communication will be defined between employees directly involved in the Work and those responsible for the implementation of the PGAS.
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To establish this communication will be carried out by the Environmental Manager for the Construction Director, the sharing of information related to the work in progress and the respective associated activities, through periodic meetings and joint visits to the work fronts. The Environmental Manager on Site will also be sensitized to transmit to the Director of Work as quickly as possible the non-conformities detected and complaints made by external entities.
In the context of external communication, information on the type, phasing, duration and date foreseen for the completion of the Work may be made available to users, passers-by and workers of the site, by placing appropriate signage in places of good visibility and/or the distribution of information leaflets in places of greater influx of people in the municipalities aswes for the work.
This leaflet should include the contact of the Environmental Manager on Site and the Complaints and Complaints Form presented in Annex XI as well as indications of how it is possible to make a complaint/complaint. The means available for this communication should be:
• Form to be completed in the district or to the Environmental Manager on Site; • Mobile phone number that receives SMS and communications via WhatsApp; • In the case of a complaint related to Gender Violence or Violence against Children, the form must be submitted to the project district and to the environmental manager on the job.
All complaints should be analyzed by the Environmental Manager on Site and the Construction Director and should be followed up until communication of the decision to the affected.
A Project Liasion Committte (PLC) will be established per district and members of localities or villages along the road will be representing the communities at PLC.
The PLC will integrate at least the following members, although it has to be adjusted to the local situation:
• ANE representatives (ANE Delegate and/or Headquarters); • Engineer representative; • Contractor representative; • A representative from the Workers’ Union (sindicate); • A representative of the Child Protection/ HIV&AIDS Service provider (at least during the discussion of the social component);
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• Representatives of local district authorities at site area for Heath, education, agriculture and police; • A representative of the local authorities; • Other relevant participants.
It’s expected that the community members at local or village community level submit their grievances to be given a solution initial for the local authorities. Unresolved cases may be turned over to the District Courts.
For all grievances related with non-fulfilment of community related contracts, levels of compensation, unauthorized taking of assets without compensation Project affected people must first try to resolve these conflicts through presentation to the local influence leaders or authorities, or to the environmental manager for attention and either immediate redress action of channelling to the appropriate higher authority. General principles and procedures must be established by the Projects and publicised including:
• Verbal communication should be in locally relevant languages, but all records of communications must be in Portuguese. • Grievance forms should be prepared by ANE Headquarters and be available for the delegate at provincial level, PAPs may also lodge their own documented grievances as they wish; • An initial response must be provided to the communities in a recommended period of 10 days. • Detailed procedures to redress grievances and the appeal process should be disseminated among PAPs who should be empowered to use them. The participatory processes in this Process Framework should, among other aspects, focus on these procedures. • Measures must thus be put in place to ensure that solutions are reached by consensus based on negotiation and agreement. • As appropriate per sub Project area, specific people should be chosen to represent their local communities during the implementation of the PGAS especially for grievance presentation and to accompany the redress process. These men and women will provide a first level of listening and informal resolution.
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The ANE delegate, should create awareness that they may also be used for the communication of grievances for informal resolution. Efforts will be made to ensure that be include representatives of women and youth with whom leaders will consult to offer tangible solutions. Formal grievances redress and conflict resolution processes should follow the general steps outlined below:
Step One
If issues of concern with relationships with the contractors or sub contractors, neighboring communities or external stakeholders they should be presented to the Project implementation Unit at local level to try and resolve immediately or as appropriate, to transmit directly to the site meeting for resolution.
Project implementation Unit should screen grievances presented to the contractor to initially decide if a grievance is to be accepted or not. If so, the Project implementation Unit should pass them on to the appropriate level for resolution.
Grievances may be resolved directly by the Environmental Manager of the contractor, but where they require redress via other agencies they should be passed to the Project implementation Unit at provincial level for recommending solutions accordingly.
Grievance redress may require shorter (max 3 days) or longer (10 days) periods depending on the subject of the complaint.
Step Two
If the aggrieved person is not satisfied with the Step One decision he/she shall forward the case to the PLC attention with a preliminary report prepared by the engineer. The report should contain the details of the grievance and hearing date. PLC may engage with relevant Government and local authorities to help resolve these problems in such a way that the interests of communities is kept.
It may be necessary for operational reasons at sub-district level to have a multi-sector channel to fairly hear grievances, and respond to issues that may involve more than one sector. The period for informing the aggrieved person of the redress steps must be followed, and the periods expected for redress communicated to them.
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Step Three
If the affected person is still dissatisfied with the decision taken after Step Two, he/she shall forward the case to ANE Delegate/ANE Headquarters. The grievance shall be forwarded with all the documented details of the case to date. Communication with the PIU may also be carried out via community representation.
Step Four
If no amicable solution is reached up to Step Three, as an ultimate recourse the aggrieved person may submit the case to the Provincial / District court system to seek reparation. This final step is an option that must always be available, but it should be discouraged by all positive means possible. Timely communication and open negotiation are the main deterrents.
Affected Person
(present the complaint in writing)
Redressed Environmental Local Leader Manager (to respond to grievance within 10 days)
Redressed Project Implementation District Commitee Unit (to respond to grievance within 15 days)
Redressed
ANE HdQ Monthly Meeting (to respond to grievance within 15 days)
Concluded
Figure 10.2 – Complaints mechanism
10.6. SGA DOCUMENTATION
The SGA documentation will be archived in a folder called environment folder that will comprise the following types of documents:
• Environmental Management Plan.
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• Environmental Management Procedures. • Environmental records, including SGA records and documents, either internally controlled or mandatory in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
Documents and environmental records are evidence of the functioning of the SGA and compliance with the specified requirements.
Include in the table with the identification of the main documents and records associated with the SGA:
Table 10.1– Associated Documents and Environment Records
SGA requirement Associated Documents and Environment Records Environmental Management Environmental Management Plan System Environmental Management Reports on the implementation of the PGAS (Biannual Plan Reports and Final Report) Legal and other Listing of key environmental legislation (specific procedure) requirements Structure and Responsibility Functional organization chart Environmental Compliance Environmental Management Procedures. of the Shipyard and Documents of legal conformity relating to authorisations and Construction Fronts licensing of installations, equipment and service providers Training Environmental training plan Records of training Attendance log Environmental Construction Environmental verification and monitoring records Control and Monitoring Environmental measurement records Legal compliance documents, defined in each procedure Non-Conformities, Records of non-conformities, corrective and preventive Corrective and Preventive actions Actions Complaint records
Environmental registration forms shall be documents in which aspects related to the environmental management of the work will be recorded, in particular: listing of applicable environmental legislation and verification of environmental aspects, registration of non- conformities, waste identification sheets and list and management maps of waste produced. These forms are displayed in the following Table and their code is indicated.
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Table 10.2– List of forms relating to the SGA of the company
PRINTED CODE DESIGNATION I_001 List of Legislation I_002 Checklist I_003 Non-Compliance Bulletin I_004 Waste Identification Form I_005 List of Waste Produced I_006 Waste Production Control Map I_007 Used Oil Registration Map PFA Training Plan - Records of training
- Attendance log
The operational procedures for environmental management as well as the documents presented in the previous Table are included in Annex II respectively - List of Environmental Management Procedures and Annex III - Models of Verification Registers and Corrective Actions. The documents associated with the Training can be found in Annex IV - Environmental Training Plan.
10.7. CONTROL OF DOCUMENTS AND RECORDS
The PGAS and associated environmental procedures are prepared by the responsible for monitoring the implementation of the PGAS (Environmental Manager on site) supported by the Environmental Management Technician, and they are also responsible for updating the PGAS whenever it is considered necessary. The PGAS and general procedures are verified and validated by the Company's Environmental Officer and the Construction Owner.
This requirement concerns the establishment of the process for ensuring that all PGAS documents are checked. To this end, the following aspects will be ensured:
• A copy of the PGAS and its updated procedures be patented for consultation with any contractor. • Changes to documents are adequately identified and subject to the same approval process as the documents initially issued. • Obsolete documents are removed from all places of use or canceled. • All records and documentation are archived at the shipyard in the Environment Folder.
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11. VERIFICATION AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
11.1. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION CONTROL AND MONITORING
11.1.1. General Methodology
The Environmental Control and Monitoring of the Construction ensures the environmental compliance of the construction, defining the periodic environmental monitoring, monitoring and measurement actions of the main aspects of operations / activities (shipyards, construction fronts and works of the project) that may have significant impacts. This methodology takes into account what is defined in the PAmb 02 procedure - Environmental Audit.
In order to analyse the compliance and efficiency of the defined operational control, the:
1. Correct implementation and compliance with the operational procedures recommended, which include legal, contractual and other requirements; 2. Necessary adaptation to each phase of the work or site; 3. Occurrence of non-conformities and/or complaints; 4. Implementation of corrective and/or preventive corrective and/or preventive actions, identified as necessary.
The environmental control and monitoring to be implemented ensures environmental compliance of the construction, presenting two essential components:
1. control at work, preventing any negative impacts, reducing or eliminating the causes that could change the quality of the environment; 2. Monitoring and measurement, corresponding to qualitative observations of the current impacts affecting the main environmental, human and ecological quality factors and quantitative observations of defined environmental factors.
In terms of the control at work, in order to carry out the actual implementation of all the measures recommended, the assessment of its degree of compliance will be carried out by systematic verification of its implementation, and its registration is made in a printed paper itself, of the name "Checklist".
For the monitoring of the production of hazardous and non-hazardous waste, records shall be made in a form created for that purpose, which shall contain the following information:
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INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2 identification of the waste, quantity produced, identification of the carrier and the final destination and the type of operation involved in its management. This form will be designated "Waste Production Control Map". An exclusive registration will also be made for the production of waste oils - "Used Oil Registration Map". As regards the final destination of each waste, it is defined in the Waste Management Plan (Annex V)
All of the above-mentioned forms are attached to this document.
11.1.2. Measurements
For quantitative measurements, a specific measurement and monitoring plan is established. The monitoring plan recommends that monitoring actions to be carried out in the pre- construction and construction phases should focus on Water Quality and Water Resources. A brief description of the monitoring plan for this project is presented in the Annex (Annex VI).
11.2. NON-COMPLIANCE, CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTIONS
In order to eliminate or prevent the actual or potential causes of potential and actual non- conformities, with external or internal origin, these will be addressed and corrective and preventive actions triggered, monitored and evaluated their effectiveness, according to the following methodology:
• Identification of the occurrence • Correction of impacts (where possible) by the adoption of measures to mitigate the impacts that have occurred; • Identification and analysis of the cause(s) of non-compliance, and, if justified according to the decision: (a) definition of corrective actions to be implemented in order to avoid their resurgence at the same level; (b) assessment of the effectiveness of the corrective actions implemented by means of control defined for this purpose; • An overall assessment of non-compliance, in particular the identification of its root cause and its importance, and, where appropriate, according to the decision,: (a) definition of preventive actions to be implemented in order to avoid the appearance of non-compliance at other levels;
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(b) assessment of the effectiveness of the preventive actions implemented by verifying that the proposed objective has been achieved.
Non-conformities may occur which do not require corrective and/or preventive actions, but only for immediate correction, and these situations are analysed on a case-by-case basis.
The form used to document the non-conformities that has occurred shall be designated as a Non-Compliance Bulletin and is attached to this document (Annex III – Models of Verification Records and Corrective Actions).
11.3. RECORDS
As regards the records for verification and monitoring:
a) For permanent control at work - Environmental Inspections Checklist and Production control map of waste. These records are made monthly and included in the Monthly and Quarterly Environmental Monitoring Report. b) Implementation of PGM - Field Sheets and Monitoring Report These records are made according to the frequency set out in PGM (Annex VI) c) Monthly Follow-up Final Report All information will be compiled in the Final Report.
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12. COST ESTIMATION
• Provision of Environmental Manager on Site; • Provision of safety officer on site; • Recruitment of provider for delivery of HIV/AIDS education training; • Recruitment of provider for delivery of GBV and CAE training; • Expenses related to delivering HIV/AIDS, GBV and CAE training; • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for all workers on the site, and visitors as appropriate; • Safety signage, safety literature, HIV/AIDS literature, condoms, voluntary counselling and testing, GBV and CAE literature, etc; • Drug and alcohol testing of staff to enforce a zero alcohol tolerance policy; • Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) including HIV/AIDS screening; • Environmental Monitoring. • Custos de Recursos Humanos para presença em: o Dedicated safety training such as working at heights, confined space training, first aid training etc.; o HIV/AIDS, GBV and CAE education training.
Table 12.1 – Cost Estimation for the implementation of the PGAS Activity Cost Estimation (USD) Hiring of Environmental Manager on site 48.000 Hiring of Security Officer on site 48.000 Training and Capacity Building 40.000 Signaling 35.000 Environmental Monitoring 10.000 Tests and health surveys 25.000 Other Human Resources Costs 20.000 TOTAL 226.000
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13. ANNEXES
Annex I - Categorization of the Ministry of Land and Environment Annex II - Environmental Management Procedures Annex III - Models of Verification Records and Corrective Actions Annex IV - Environmental Training Plan Annex V - Waste Management Plan Annex VI - General Monitoring Plan Anexo VII – Communication Plan Anexo VIII – Emergency Plan Annex IX – Contingency Plan for COVID 19 Annex X - Code of Conduct Annex XI - Complaints Form Annex XII - Public Consultation Report Annex XIII - AIA Consultant Certificate
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ANNEX I
CATEGORIZATION OF THE MINISTRY OF LAND AND
ENVIRONMENT
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ANNEX II
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Code: PA 01 LEGAL REQUIRMENTS Edition 01 Pg.: 1/4 MANAGMENT AND OTHER REQUIRMENTS Date: / /
PROCEDURE
INDEX
1. OBJECTIVE 2 2. SCOPE 2 3. DEFINITIONS AND ABREVIATIONS 2 4. RESPONSABILITIES 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES 3 5.1. LIST STRUCTURE 3 5.2. UPDATING AND AVAILABILITY OF THE LIST 3 5.3. RECORDS 3 6. REFERENCES 4
Control Elaboration Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Management of legal requirements and other requirements
Code: PA 01 LEGAL REQUIRMENTS Edition 01 Pg.: 2/4 MANAGMENT AND OTHER REQUIRMENTS Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish the sequence of activities involved in the identification and selection of applicable legal requirements, as well as the respective methodologies for updating legal changes that may influence Environmental Management in the Work.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all environmental legislation and the licensing of activities associated with Environmental Management in the Work.
3. DEFINITIONS AND ABREVIATIONS
EM – Environmental Manager
4. RESPONSABILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsable Responsability Analyze the contents of the legal requirements, as well as any others, that may be applicable to the company's activities. EM Prepare and keep updated a list of applicable legislation (I_001), informing, whenever necessary, those responsible for the areas involved. Archive all applicable legislation. Jointly examine the implications of changes to applicable legislation and the publication of new applicable legislation. Technical Determine the need to report changes to the review. To Direction of jointly analyse the implications of changes in applicable Contract legislation, as well as the publication of new applicable legislation. Determine the need to report changes to enforcement responsible.
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5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
5.1. LIST STRUCTURE
The registration of legal requirements and other requirements is carried out in the form of a list, according to chapter 4 of the PGAS, consisting of a table that includes the following items:
Subject; University Degree; Date; Summary of the legal diploma; Applicability.
The List must include updated versions of the diplomas and legal regulations in force, specific to the operations it carries out. The other requirements may include codes of practice in the operation sector, unregulated guidelines, agreements with public entities, requirements for suppliers or international agreements.
5.2. UPDATING AND AVAILABILITY OF THE LIST
• The identification and updating of the legislation is carried out by the EM using local sources that issue an updated list of legislation on a monthly basis.
• The list is analysed and whenever there is new applicable legislation, it is printed, analysing its implications for the work.
• The EM updates the list (I_001), filing the legislation in its own file.
• The Contracting Technical Directorate, depending on the implications identified by the EM, assess the need to communicate the changes to those responsible for the affected areas.
5.3. RECORDS
The records associated with this procedure are the list of legislation, as well as copies of all applicable legislation. The Environmental Manager is
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responsible for ensuring the filing of these records. As well as the previous versions, stamped with “Obsolete Document”.
6. REFERENCES
Forms:
List of Legislation
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Management of legal requirements and other requirements
Code: PA 02 Issue 01 Page: 1 ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS Data: / /
Procedure
INDEX:
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 2
5.1. CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS ...... 3 5.2. RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS ...... 3 5.3. RECORDS ...... 3 6. REFERENCES ...... 3
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Environmental Inspections
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Code: PA 02 Issue 01 Page: 2 ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS Data: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish the methodology for carrying out periodic environmental inspections, both for verification and evaluation of compliance with the procedures established under the Environmental and Social Management Plan,or for verification of legal compliance, the consequent implementation of corrective actions and the communication of the results of the audit.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all functional areas of the Work that have impacts on the environment.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
EI - Environmental Inspection
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined in this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility Carry out monthly Environmental Inspections of the Work Draw up a report following EI. EM Define corrective and preventive measures to be implemented Ensure the archive of the Records.
5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
Conducting periodic environmental inspections of the work makes it possible to determine compliance with the provisions laid down for environmental management, including the legal requirements to be met, the Monitoring Programmes contained in the General Monitoring Plan and the minimization measures contained in the PGAS. This verifies whether the plan has been properly implemented and maintained.
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Code: PA 02 Issue 01 Page: 3 ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS Data: / /
5.1. CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS
• Environmental inspections are carried out monthly by the EM. The various areas of intervention of the work (construction fronts, shipyards, accesses, etc.) are inspected, verifying the implementation of the operational procedures of environmental management, the recommended minimization measures, as well as the other applicable legal requirements. • All aspects subject to evaluation must be mentioned in the I_002 (Checklist) form, and the findings made during the EI are recorded in this form. • When non-conformities are detected, the EM shall complete the I_003 (Non- Compliance Bulletin) form, where the possible causes of non-compliance are identified and the actions (corrective or preventive) should be assessed in order to correct or prevent such situations. • In the month following the implementation of corrective and/or preventive actions, the environmental inspection should focus on its implementation, verifying that they have been properly implemented and effective.
5.2. RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTIONS
• After the completion of environmental inspections, its results are included in the Monthly Environmental Monitoring Report, mentioning the measures implemented under the Environmental Management Plan, the positive points, the non- conformities detected and the planning of future actions.
5.3. RECORDS
The checklist resulting from the Environmental Inspection and the Monthly Environmental Monitoring Report are records of this procedure. The Environmental Manager is responsible for ensuring that these records are archived
6. REFERENCES
Printed:
I_002 - Checklist I_003 - Non-Compliance Bulletin
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Code: PA 03
MANAGEMENT OF NON-HAZARDOUS Issue 01 Page:1 WASTE Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSABILITIES ...... 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES...... 3
5.1. IDENTIFICATION OF WASTE ...... 3 5.2. INTERNAL COLLECTION AND SEPARATION ...... 3 5.3. TEMPORARY STORAGE...... 3 5.4. EXPEDITION ...... 4 5.5. QUANTITATIVE/QUALITATIVE CONTROL ...... 4 5.6. RECORDS ...... 4 6. REFERENCES ...... 5
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
___/___/______/___/__ Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/___ _
Signature
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of non-hazardous waste 1
Code: PA 03
MANAGEMENT OF NON-HAZARDOUS Issue 01 Page:2 WASTE Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish the procedures for the management of all non-hazardous waste resulting from the normal and exceptional operation of the work.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all the activities carried out on the work fronts, as well as in the shipyards.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
Waste management – Operations of collection, transport, storage of waste with the aim of subjecting them to appropriate treatment, recovery or disposal, as well as the planning of such operations.
Waste – Any substance or subject of which the holder ravel out or is obliged to dispart under the national provisions in force.
Environmental Impact – Any change in the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, resulting, in whole or in part, from the activities, products or services of an organization.
Temporary storage – Temporary and controlled disposal of waste before transport, treatment, recovery or disposal.
Recycling / recovery - Operations aimed at the reuse of waste.
4. RESPONSABILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility Identify waste storage containers (filling i _004). Inspect and verify the conformity of waste collection and separation. Trigger the waste shipment process EM Quantitatively and qualitatively control the production of waste (filling of the I_006). Archive the Records.
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Code: PA 03
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5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
5.1. IDENTIFICATION OF WASTE
Non-hazardous waste Green waste Iron and steel Bituminous mixtures Woods Used tires Glass Paper and cardboard Packaging RSU Mix
5.2. INTERNAL COLLECTION AND SEPARATION
• Waste must be collected and screened (separated) immediately after being generated in normal production, maintenance or cleaning operations.
• The separation of the waste must be done according to the label of the container or place.
• Each waste container or storage site must be identified with the I_004 (Waste Identification Sheet). Otherwise you must inform the EM.
• Any residue that needs to be stored and that no information is available for, the EM should be informed.
• The list of non-hazardous waste is recorded in the I_005 (List of Waste Produced).
• In any situation, no waste can be abandoned or disposed of under uncontrolled conditions and without due prior knowledge of EM.
The responsibility for the separation of waste is shared by all employees who are both on the construction front and in the shipyards
5.3. TEMPORARY STORAGE
• Liquid or pasty waste shall be placed in sealed packaging at a maximum of 98% of its volume in order to allow underload dilation of the waste.
• Solid waste can be packed in packaging or in bulk.
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MANAGEMENT OF NON-HAZARDOUS Issue 01 Page:4 WASTE Date: / /
• The preferred mode of storage is also recorded in the I_005.
• Storage or waste storage containers must be in good condition and show no evidence of corrosion, spillage or degradation.
• Waste containers that have reached their stocking must be transferred to the Waste Park.
• Waste must be placed in the Waste Park in the areas marked for this purpose.
• Periodically, inspections of waste separation containers and waste storage should be carried out in order to ensure compliance with the procedures:
• By EM:
o Check weekly the stocking, identification of the containers and also whether the nature of the waste is in accordance with that defined for the uses of the container.
o Check monthly the stocking of the waste park and also whether the waste is placed in the areas marked for this purpose.
• Where non-conformities are detected, EM registers it on the I_003.
5.4. EXPEDITION
• Where the amount of waste stored in the Waste Park exceeds temporary storage capacity, the dispatch process for disposal/recovery in a licensed entity shall be triggered.
• The EM is responsible for triggering the waste shipment process.
5.5. QUANTITATIVE/QUALITATIVE CONTROL
• All waste produced must be controlled quantitatively and qualitatively by EM by filling out the I_006 (Waste Production Control Map).
• Waste must be checked quantitatively according to the appropriate units (in Kg for solid waste and Liters for liquid or pasty waste).
5.6. RECORDS
The EM shall archive the register of all waste produced for a period of 5 years. It is also his responsibility to archive all other documents associated with this procedure, as well as obsolete versions stamped with "Obsolete Document".
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Code: PA 03
MANAGEMENT OF NON-HAZARDOUS Issue 01 Page:5 WASTE Date: / /
6. REFERENCES
Printed:
I_003 - Non-Compliance Bulletin I_004 - Waste Identification Sheet I_005 - List of Waste Produced I_006 - Waste Production Control Map
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Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 1 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 3 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 3
5.1. IDENTIFICATION OF WASTE ...... 3 5.2. INTERNAL COLLECTION AND SEPARATION ...... 3 5.3. TEMPORARY STORAGE ...... 4 5.4. EXPEDITION ...... 5 5.5. QUANTITATIVE/QUALITATIVE CONTROL ...... 6 5.6. RECORDS ...... 6 6. REFERENCES ...... 6 7. ATTACHMENTS ...... 7
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of hazardous waste 1
Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 2 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish the procedures for the management of all hazardous waste resulting from the normal and exceptional operation of the work.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all the activities carried out on the work fronts, as well as in the shipyards.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
Waste management – Operations of collection, transport, storage of waste with the aim of subjecting them to appropriate treatment, recovery or disposal, as well as the planning of such operations.
Hazardous waste – Solid, pasty, liquid, or gaseous materials contained in packaging that, as a result of a production, use or processing process, or responsible equipment of the work intended for abandonment. The dangerous condition is given by the legislation in force in this matter. The condition of hazardous waste is also included in the packaging and containers containing these substances.
Environmental Impact – Any change in the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, resulting, in whole or in part, from the activities, products or services of an organization.
Temporary storage – Temporary and controlled disposal of waste before transport, treatment, recovery or disposal.
Recycling / recovery - Operations aimed at the reuse of waste.
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Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 3 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility Identify waste storage containers (filling the I_004). Inspect and verify the conformity of waste collection and separation. Trigger the waste shipment process EM Control quantitatively and qualitatively the production of waste (filling of I_006). Fill out I_007 (UsedOil registration map) Archive the Records.
5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
5.1. IDENTIFICATION OF WASTE
Hazardous waste Contaminated Soils Contaminated absorbent materials Contaminated packaging Lead accumulators Oil filters Used engine oils, transmissions and lubrication Used hydraulic oils
5.2. INTERNAL COLLECTION AND SEPARATION
• Waste must be collected and screened (separated) immediately after being generated in normal production, maintenance or cleaning operations.
• The separation of the waste must be done according to the label of the container or place.
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Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 4 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
• Each waste container or storage site must be identified with the I_004 (Waste Identification Sheet). Otherwise EM must be informed.
• Any residue that needs to be stored and that no information is available for, EM should be contacted.
• The list of hazardous waste is recorded in the I_005.
• Waste handling must be done with extreme care and with the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (e.g. sleeve gloves, mask, glasses).
• Means should be used to prevent the rupture of containers and, in turn, facilitate their handling (e.g. using pallets for the transport of drums, using clay to put on drums during forklift transport).
• In any situation, no waste can be abandoned or disposed of under uncontrolled conditions and without due prior knowledge of EM.
The responsibility for the separation of waste is shared by all employees who are both on the construction front and in the shipyards
5.3. TEMPORARY STORAGE
• Waste should be stored in a waterproofed area (concrete), covered and with a small accidental spill retention basin.
• Near the storage site there must be absorbent material for cleaning spills.
• Liquid or pasty waste shall be placed in watertight packaging at a maximum of 98% of its volumein order to allow underload dilation of the waste.
• Solid waste can be packed in packaging or in bulk.
• The preferred mode of storage is also recorded in the I_005.
• Storage or waste storage containers must be in good condition and show no evidence of corrosion, spillage or degradation.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of hazardous waste 4
Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 5 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
• Waste containers that have reached their stocking must be transferred to the Waste Park.
• Waste must be placed in the Waste Park in the areas marked for this purpose.
• Periodically, inspections of waste separation containers and waste storage should be carried out in order to ensure compliance with the procedures.
• By EM:
o Check weekly the stocking, identification of the containers and also whether the nature of the waste is in accordance with that defined for the uses of the container.
o Check monthly the stocking of the waste park and also whether the waste is placed in the areas marked for this purpose.
• Where non-conformities are detected, the EM registers it in the I_003.
5.4. EXPEDITION
• Where the amount of waste stored in the Waste Park exceeds temporary storage capacity, the dispatch process for disposal/recovery in a licensed entity shall be triggered.
• The EM is responsible for triggering the waste shipment process.
• Transport must be carried out by appropriate vehicle, with safety signs.
• Waste must be transported with its Consignment Note (Annex I), completed in accordance with Decree 83/2014:
o The Consignment Note must be completed in triplicate.
o The EM must fill in the 1st field of the 3 copies.
o The completion of the 2nd field of the 3 copies, by the carrier, must be checked by the EM.
o One of the copies of the guide must remain in the work.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of hazardous waste 5
Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 6 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
o The recipient (eliminator or temporary storage) shall send a copy of the completed triplicate within a period of no more than 30 days from the date of collection.
• The consignment notes are filled out on the basis of the Waste Identification Sheets (I_004).
• The transport of waste oils must be carried out by a company licensed for this purpose and accompanied by a safety data sheet (Annex II).
5.5. QUANTITATIVE/QUALITATIVE CONTROL
• All waste produced must be checked quantitatively and qualitatively by the EM, by filling out the form I_006, using the Consignment Notes for this purpose, except for the waste reused/recovered internally, quantified by estimation.
• Waste must be checked quantitatively according to the appropriate units (in Kg for solid waste and Liters for liquid or pasty waste).
• Quantitative and qualitative control of the production of waste oils must be carried out by registering in the I_007(Used Oils Registration Map).
• The I_007 should be updated monthly and should be available for consultation.
5.6. RECORDS
The EM shall archive the record of all waste produced, as well as all Consignment Notes, for a period of 5 years. It is also your responsibility to archive all other documents associated with this procedure, as well as obsolete versions stamped with "Obsolete Document".
6. REFERENCES
Printed:
I_003 - Non-Conformities Bulletin I_004 - Waste Identification Sheet I_005 - List of Waste Produced
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of hazardous waste 6
Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 7 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
I_006 - Waste Production Control Map I_007- Used Oil Registration Map
7. ATTACHMENTS
Annex I Waste Monitoring Guide - Model A
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of hazardous waste 7
Code: PA 04 Issue 01 Page: 8 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT Date: / /
Annex II Safety Data Sheet for The Transport of Waste Oils
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 - Management of hazardous waste 8
Code: PA 05
Page.: 1 Issue 01 /3 REDUCED PARTICLE REEMISSION Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 2
5.1. WATER APPLICATION ...... 2 5.2. REGIST ...... 3 6. REFERENCES ...... 3
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Reduced particle re-emission 1
Code: PA 05
Page.: 2 Issue 01 /3 REDUCED PARTICLE REEMISSION Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish guidelines for the implementation of measures to reduce the re-emission of particles in theshipyard, on the construction front and on the unpaved roads of access to the work.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all operational areas carrying out land transport and handling operations.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility
EM Alert to the need for water application
5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
5.1. WATER APPLICATION
• Where possible, access within the building site, especially those used for the movement of equipment, shall be covered with materials (e.g. gravel, clay, poor concrete, etc.) that minimise the production, accumulation and resuspension of particles.
• The accesses are watered periodically to prevent the emission of particles. A tanker truck must be used when running the waterings.
• The passage of the water application vehicle shall be adjusted to the amount of particles accumulated in the communication route and the flow of vehicles passing through this route.
• If necessary, at the exit of heavy vehicles from the work, a wheel-wash equipment must be installed on the national road or similar to reduce the transport of particles to the road concerned.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Reduced particle re-emission 2
Code: PA 05
Page.: 3 Issue 01 /3 REDUCED PARTICLE REEMISSION Date: / /
5.2. REGIST
Not applicable.
6. REFERENCES
Not applicable.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Reduced particle re-emission 3
Code: PA 06
Issue 01 Page.: 1/3 Quarries and Borrow Pits Management Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 2
5.1. SELECTION OF QUARRY SITES ...... 2 5.2. QUARRY OPERATION ...... 3 5.3. CONTRACT OBLIGATION: ...... 3 5.4. QUARRY MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION PLAN ...... 3 5.5. ACCEPTANCE OF RESTORATION WORK: ...... 3 5.6. PARAMETERS AND INDICATORS FOR SUPERVISION/MONITORING: ...... 3 5.7. DATASHEET FOR QUARRY MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION PLAN ...... 4 5.8. SELECTION CRITERIA OF BORROW PIT SITES ...... 5 6. REFERENCES ...... 6
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Quarries and Borrow Pits Management 1
Code: PA 06
Issue 01 Page.: 2/3 Quarries and Borrow Pits Management Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish guidelines for the implementation of measures to reduce impacts of quarries and borrow pits.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all operational quarries and borrow pits used for the project.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility
EM Alert to the need for quarries and borrow pits management
5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
5.1. SELECTION OF QUARRY SITES • Quarry site should be located away from the villages/settlement area, drinking water supply sources, • Community infrastructure such as school, health post, bridge, etc., religious sites, cultivated land, protected forests, natural drainage systems; • Quarry will not be located in protected areas (forest or wildlife); • River gravel will not be extracted from flowing water due the disturbance of raising sediment and danger of resulting oil/fuel leaks; • Quarry sites should be selected in stable area, in agriculturally unsuitable land. • Local communities will be consulted and take approval from respective owner before selecting the place for quarry operation: • Potential Environmental Impacts; • Disruption of natural landscape and vegetation; • Accelerated erosion and landslides; • Disturbance in natural drainage patterns; • Water pollution and dust pollution; • Scouring of riverbeds resulting endangerment of bridges and continuous degradation of river regime and detrimental effects on aquatic lives and their habitats.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Quarries and Borrow Pits Management 2
Code: PA 06
Issue 01 Page.: 3/3 Quarries and Borrow Pits Management Date: / /
5.2. QUARRY OPERATION 1. Working should be prohibited during the night time; 2. Barricade to site to control free movement of local people.
5.3. CONTRACT OBLIGATION: Contractor will secure government permit and other relevant environmental requirements for operation of quarry site with recommendation from project engineer.
5.4. QUARRY MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION PLAN 1. The plan must contain site restoration measures such as spoil management, slope stabilization/erosion control measures, drainage pattern management, etc.; 2. Suitability of proposed mitigation measures is needed to be verified and conformed; 3. Provision of drainage system during operation to ensure no risk of depositions of debris from quarry to lower catchments area and to prevent the flooding of excavated area; 4. The plan should mention use of safety gears during working hours in the quarry site, and appropriate means of safeguarding for passer-by and nearby households; 5. The plan should include suitable bioengineering techniques where appropriate with reapplication of stored top soil.
5.5. ACCEPTANCE OF RESTORATION WORK: 1. The Supervision engineer should verify and recommend for approval the restoration plan submitted by contractor; 2. The Supervision engineer will make sure that quarries are operated and closed according to the submitted plan; 3. The payment of each works structure should only be made after filling of the data by the Contractor for quarry management and restoration plan and acceptance by the Supervision engineer; 4. Final payment will be dependent on verification and approval at the end construction of each respective structure.
5.6. PARAMETERS AND INDICATORS FOR SUPERVISION/MONITORING: 1. Implementation of mitigation measures as per design plan; 2. No evidence of water ponding or presence of fresh gullies; 3. Proper site closure; 4. Natural contours and vegetation restoration; 5. Engineer’s report testifying to completion of restoration.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Quarries and Borrow Pits Management 3
Code: PA 06
Issue 01 Page.: 4/3 Quarries and Borrow Pits Management Date: / /
5.7. DATASHEET FOR QUARRY MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION PLAN
Name of Sub-project: ...... Contract No:......
Locations of Civil Works:......
Required Type of Material from Local Sources: Stone / Gravel / Sand / Soil.
Required quantity of material from local quarry (in cum): ......
Selection of Quarry Sites: Parameter for quarry site selection: (e.g. unsuitable land for cultivation, stable slope, minimum environmental hazard etc.)......
Sources of Material: Within RoW / Private land / Public land / Forest (community/ private/government)/Surplus material extracted / River / Borrow pit / Roadway......
1. Available quantity in Selected Source (in cum): ...... 2. Approval for Quarry site: DIPREME / Community / Land Owner (Attach agreement herewith)...... 3. Method of extraction and transportation: Depth of cut / Height of cut / and Tractor / Tipper / manually or any means...... 4. Precaution measures during excavation:...... 5. Likely negative environmental impacts:...... 6. Restoration Plan - Trimming of slope / - Filling of quarry / - Need of check wall / Toe wall / Plantation / Benching etc. 7. Any special safety arrangement required: 8. Mitigation measures for negative environmental impacts: 9. Verification of Restoration Work as Planned by the Supervision Engineer.
Submitted by:
Checked by:
Approved by:
Note: The payment of each structure will be made only after filling of the data by the contractor for Quarry Management and Restoration Plan. Final payment will be dependent on verification and approval the end construction of each respective structure.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Quarries and Borrow Pits Management 4
Code: PA 06
Issue 01 Page.: 5/3 Quarries and Borrow Pits Management Date: / /
5.8. SELECTION CRITERIA OF BORROW PIT SITES 1. Pits shall not be located in natural and design drainage areas /water bodies; 2. Pit should be avoided in land close to embankment (i.e. should be more than 1.5 m) and irrigated agricultural land; 3. In case of agricultural land depth of pit shall not exceed 45 cm; 4. In case of riverside, pit should be located at more than 15 m from toe of bank ; 5. Avoid borrow pit in land within settlement areas, protected areas, forests, unstable site- hills, wetlands, stream and seepage areas, areas supporting rare plant/animal species 6. The clearing of trees and other vegetation shall be discourage;
Potential Environmental Impact 7. Disruption of natural landscape and vegetation 8. Disturbance to natural drainage resulting ponding, water logging and water pollution.
Borrow Pit Operation / Restoration 9. Borrow pit areas shall be restored with adequate slope and cross drain at regular interval to facilitate drainage. 10. Stripped material shall be stored so as to not disrupt natural drainage 11. The ponding of surface water shall be prevented through adequate drainage. 12. Site shall be left in a stable condition without steep slopes. 13. Exposed area shall be planted with suitable vegetation
Design & Estimate of Borrow Pit 14. Using site selection and restoration criteria and the engineer shall specify borrow pit location in drawing (plan) and specification; 15. In case of additional pits required during construction the contractor shall use the site selection and restoration criteria to select new pits with approval of the Engineer; 16. The cost of compliance with above requirement shall be included in Contractor's rate for supplying of materials; Parameters and indicators for supervision/Monitoring: 17. The Engineer shall ensure that the borrow pits are operated and closed according to design; 18. Implementation of erosion control work; 19. No evidence of water ponding, no increased visual turbidity in surface water; 20. Natural contoured and vegetation are restored; 21. Engineer's report on compliance of restoration work.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Quarries and Borrow Pits Management 5
Code: PA 06
Issue 01 Page.: 6/3 Quarries and Borrow Pits Management Date: / /
6. REFERENCES
Not applicable.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Quarries and Borrow Pits Management 6
Code: PA 07
Issue 01 Page.: 1/3 Labor Camp Guidelines Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 2
5.1. ESTABLISHING LABOUR CAMP ...... 2 5.2. LODGING FACILITIES ...... 3 5.3. FOOD AND ENERGY ...... 3 5.4. WATER AND SANITATION ...... 3 5.5. ENERGY AND WASTE ...... 4 5.6. OTHER ASPECTS ...... 4 6. REFERENCES ...... 5
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Labour Camp Guidelines 1
Code: PA 07
Issue 01 Page.: 2/3 Labor Camp Guidelines Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish guidelines for the labor camp activities.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all operations carried out at the project labour camps.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility
EM Alert to the violations of these guidelines
PGAS Environmental and Management Plan
5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
5.1. ESTABLISHING LABOUR CAMP
The main purpose for the preparation of camp standard is to assist in the effective implementation of the PGAS and to achieve sustainable development ensuring no any adverse impacts upon environment and society. The establishment and operation of a camp is likely to produce adverse impacts upon the bio- physical as well as the social and economic environments. It is imperative to safeguard the environment and society and to reduce and mitigate the negative impacts that are likely to be produced for the operation of camps. It is envisaged that a contractor will follow the following guidelines during the operation of camps in the project areas and hope that the
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Labour Camp Guidelines 2
Code: PA 07
Issue 01 Page.: 3/3 Labor Camp Guidelines Date: / /
project will be accomplished and benefited including local community and labour workers. Similarly, central level monitoring will be executed for the proposed camp sites under the consideration of following guidelines. After the selection of the camp site by the project, the contractor shall submit to the project a detailed layout plan for development of the construction camp, indicating the various structures to be constructed including the temporary structures to be put up, drainage and other facilities. The plan will include the redevelopment of sites to pre-construction stage. The contractor shall provide temporary accommodation to all the workers employed by him for such a period as the construction work is in progress. The contractor shall not charge any cost to the residents labour.
5.2. LODGING FACILITIES For non-local workers, a contractor shall provide adequate lodging/accommodation. Separate compartment shall be provided for male and female workers for their accommodation. The accommodation areas for workers shall be designed, constructed and furnished. Changing rooms shall be provided for workers who are required to wear working clothes. Provision shall be made for separate changing rooms for men and women.
5.3. FOOD AND ENERGY The availability and proper storage of quality food and potable water is also the responsibility of the contractor. The quality of food grains and other consumable items and water must be provided. In case labours wish to prepare their own meals, the contractor shall provide adequate cooking facilities. In camps where cooking facilities are used in common, legal source of energy shall be provided. Such kitchen shall be established at least 10m distance from any sort of water sources.
5.4. WATER AND SANITATION Adequate water storage facility shall be provided in a proposed camp site. Workers working on a construction site shall be provided with drinking water which meets the standards established for drinking water. Lavatories facilities should be adequate for the capacity of a
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Labour Camp Guidelines 3
Code: PA 07
Issue 01 Page.: 4/3 Labor Camp Guidelines Date: / /
camp. The lavatories shall be adequately lighted and shall be maintained in a clean sanitary condition at all times. Water shall be provided in or near the lavatories by storage in suitable containers (tank, buckets etc). If proper sewerage system is not available at the proposed camp site, contractor shall establish toilets with septic tank for the proper disposal of waste. Bamboos and plastic sheets shall be used as encircle material for the establishment of temporary toilets. However, contractor shall ensure that the site is free from open defecation. Provision shall be made for separate lavatories for men and women on the camp site and these rooms shall be distinctly marked "for men" and "for women" by signs printed in native language of the persons occupying the camp, or marked with easily understood pictures or symbols. If the facilities for each sex are in the same building, they shall be separated by solid walls or partitions extending from the floor to the roof or ceiling.
5.5. ENERGY AND WASTE The camp site should be served by energy. Contractor shall provide adequate waste disposal facilities. For the storage garbage containers shall be kept clean and shall be emptied when full, but not less than twice a week. In case garbage is disposed, only biodegradable waste and organic kitchen waste shall be dumped in pit. Pit shall be at least 50m away from the camp site, whereas contractor shall ensure that diseases will not spread into nearby community and any sort of contamination into water bodies and ambient environment. Contractor shall also ensure that the pit is covered properly after disposal of degradable waste everyday to reduce spread of fly and rodents. Liquid waste generated from the camp site shall not be disposed directly into any surface water bodies. The contractor shall ensure proper management of grounddrainage from camps as a preventive measure against breeding places of mosquitoes and other pests. Non-biodegradable wastes shall be kept in containers and shall be disposed into proper place.
5.6. OTHER ASPECTS Contractor shall provide adequate health services to workers on the site. A permanent health worker is required Construction sites shall be equipped with First Aid Kit at every construction
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Labour Camp Guidelines 4
Code: PA 07
Issue 01 Page.: 5/3 Labor Camp Guidelines Date: / /
campsite with essential first aid equipment and stretchers. The contractor shall ensure that first aid can be provided to workers who have had an accident or have suddenly been taken ill on the site. The construction camps shall be equipped with fire-fighting equipment and facilities. Fire extinguishing equipment shall be provided at readily accessible and adequately marked locations at Camp. Every worker should be trained in use of fire extinguishing equipment At least one fire extinguisher shall be provided, where flammable liquids or combustible materials are stored, handled or used. Fire extinguishing equipment shall be of a suitable type and size to permit the evacuation of workers during a fire. After a fire extinguisher is used, it shall be refilled or replaced immediately Every fire extinguisher shall be inspected for defects or deterioration at least once a month by a competent worker who shall record the date of the inspection on a tag attached to it. A camp site shall be adequately drained. All temporary camps shall be constructed using tents, and shall be closed from all side to protect from wind and water, while at the same time ensuring ventilation. A contractor shall provide separate store room or compartment for the storage of handy construction equipments. Play grounds and other recreational and refreshing activities shall be provided in a proposed camp site where a worker could spend his/her leisure time.
6. REFERENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) - January, 2018
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Labour Camp Guidelines 5
Code: PA 08
Issue 01 Page.: 1/3 Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 2 5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES ...... 2
5.1. HEALTH CONCERN ...... 3 5.2. SAFETY CONCERNS ...... 3 5.3. FOR GENERAL PUBLIC...... 4 6. REFERENCES ...... 4
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines 1
Code: PA 08
Issue 01 Page.: 2/3 Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Establish guidelines for the implementation of the project in the subject of Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers all construction operations.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility
Alert to the need for violation of the Occupational Health and Safety EM Guidelines
5. DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
A safe and healthy work environment for people at work is required to prevent loss of life or personal injury. The safety and health of the workers is important in successful completion of any project. A safety guideline developed with due considerations and identifications of hazards in the workplace and implemented will be adequate and effective in controlling the mishaps and accidents. Safety hazards generally arise from the following aspects of work during rural road construction: • Different construction activities (excavation, quarrying, filling) • Construction equipment and materials used • Management in the work place The health and safety of both the general public and the workers must be of prime concern for all parties involved in with road and bridge construction activities. During the progress of work, following are the safety requirements that the contractor at the construction site shall ensure to the public and workers;
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines 2
Code: PA 08
Issue 01 Page.: 3/3 Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines Date: / /
5.1. HEALTH CONCERN
1. Creation of stagnant water ponds / waterlogged areas near construction sites and labour camps have the potential to increase public health risks, as such locations will serve as breeding ground for water-borne Disease vectors (e.g. Malaria, dengue, intestinal worms); 2. Unauthorized use of local natural resources by work forces on items like medicinal plants, non-timber forest products, fire wood, hunting species, fish etc. may lead to resource depletion, inducing secondary Side-effects like malnutrition that may harm public health; 3. Migrant workers, especially when under drug and alcohol influence, may cause social conflicts which can result in physical clashes with the general public and the workers, putting local health facilities under constraints. Similarly, migrant workers may act as vectors for sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/aids. Migrant workers may become vectors for other endemic diseases; 4. Low quality drinking water as well as inappropriate storage of drinking water likely to cause water borne diseases among workers.
5.2. SAFETY CONCERNS 1. Personal protective equipment (such as footwear, gloves, boots and goggles, helmets, mask etc.) shall be made available to the workers and appropriate training in its use shall be provided. 2. A protective helmet is mandatory on a construction site in an area where, due to the work technology, the risk of head injury exists. 3. Non-slippery and non-penetrable safety footwear shall generally be used on construction sites. Kneepads shall be used while working on the floor or during other work involving kneeling. 4. Restricting the working hours to day time as far as possible 5. Adequate lighting arrangement if working hours are at night time due to unavoidable circumstances 6. If work is performed in the dark, a reflex reflector or a reflector-band shall be worn on clothing. If work is performed in places in the vicinity of traffic, the worker shall wear a bright waistcoat or clothing and, in the dark, also a reflector-band. A reflector-band shall be attached in a visible place and, if necessary, also to a protective helmet. 7. Improper handling of materials like bitumen, oil and other flammable/hazardous material at construction sites, likely to cause safety concerns to the workers. 8. Lack of safety measures such as fences, adequate lockers, alarm, awareness and safety equipment may result in accidents; 9. Lack of specific precautionary measures, especially at work sites with or around heavy machinery/equipments near rivers, steep slopes, equally bears many accident risks, partly with fatal consequences. 10. Proper and regular maintenance of vehicles and equipment used in the field; 11. Facilities for administering first aid.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines 3
Code: PA 08
Issue 01 Page.: 4/3 Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines Date: / /
5.3. FOR GENERAL PUBLIC The contractor should ensure and avoid the following safety concern to the public: 1. Parking of equipment and vehicles at the end of the day likely to cause accidents to the general public especially during night hours; 2. Transportation of uncovered loose material or spillage of material increases the chances of accidents to road users and surrounding settlements; 3. Children hanging on trucks and vehicles being at particular risks for fatal accidents.
6. REFERENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) - January, 2018.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines 4
Code: PA 09
Issue 01 Page.: 1/3 Report Templates Date: / /
PROCEDURE
Index
1. OBJECTIVE ...... 2 2. SCOPE ...... 2 3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... 2 4. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 2 5. TEMPLATE FOR SAFEGUARD TABLES ...... 2 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT OUTLINE ...... 3 7. INDICATORS FOR THE OHS ...... 3 8. REFERENCES ...... 4
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/__ ___/___/______/___/___
Signature
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Report Templates 1
Code: PA 09
Issue 01 Page.: 2/3 Report Templates Date: / /
1. OBJECTIVE
Supply templates for the reports to be issued during the implementation of the environmental management plan.
2. SCOPE
The content of this procedure covers the environmnetal management plan activities.
3. SETTINGS AND ABBREVIATIONS
EM - Environmental Manager
4. RESPONSIBILITIES
The responsibilities defined by this procedure are as follows:
Responsible Responsibility
EM Development of the environmnetal management plan reports
5. TEMPLATE FOR SAFEGUARD TABLES
Project: Contactor: Supervising Engineer: Monthly Report from Supervising Major Issues Raised Engineer (dd/mmm) Project Safeguards Site Visits (dd/mmm Overall Implementation – QQ/YYYY) RBMMP II Safeguard Issues Raised Description Actions Taken Policy Triggers World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered by Project OP4.01 – Environmental Assessment OP4.11 – Physical and Cultural Resources Other Environment or Social Issues Noted in Supervision Gender and Vulnerable Groups Other Issues…
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Report Templates 2
Code: PA 09
Issue 01 Page.: 3/3 Report Templates Date: / /
6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT OUTLINE
1. Background 1.1. Project location 1.2. Scope and Methodology 1.3. Objectives 1.4. Methodology 2. Environmental Management Plan Implementation 2.1. Permits and permission 2.2. Site location and contractors camp 2.3. Solid waste management 2.4. Liquid waste 2.5. Environmental training and awareness 2.6. Local labour 2.7. Maintenance and storage 2.8. Storm water management and erosion 2.9. Air and Noise emission and odour control and safety 2.10. Heath and safety 2.11. Conservation of veetation and wildlife 2.12. Protection of sensitive environments and natural feactures 2.13. Fire prevention and control 2.14. Community relation and control of community disruption 2.15. Traffic control 2.16. Private land and community properties 3. Planning borrow pits and quarries 3.1. Decomissioning of the site
7. INDICATORS FOR THE OHS
For the OHS the report should include, within 5 working days of the end of the calendar month the Contractor will be required to report to the Engineer, on their performance with the following OHS indicators: • Number of serious near miss incidents, where serious harm to employees or others may have resulted. • Number of fatal injuries (resulting is loss of life of someone associated with the project or the public) • Number of notifiable injuries (an incident which requires notification of a statutory authority under health and safety legislation or the contractor’s health and safety management system) • Number of lost time injuries (an injury or illness certified by a medical practitioner that results in absence of work for at least one scheduled day or shift, following the day or shift when the accident occurred) • Number of medical treatment injuries (the management and care of a patient to effect medical treatment or combat disease and disorder excluding: (i) visits solely
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Report Templates 3
Code: PA 09
Issue 01 Page.: 4/3 Report Templates Date: / /
for the purposes of observation or counseling; (ii) diagnostic procedures (e.g. x-rays, blood tests); or, (iii) first aid treatments as described below) • Number of first aid injuries (minor treatments administered by a nurse or a trained first aid attendant) • Number of restricted work cases. (those people who have returned to work, but are undertaking “light duties”) • Number of recordable strikes of services (contact with an above ground or below ground service resulting in damage or potential damage to the service) • Rate of recordable strikes of services per services crossed. • Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (the number of allowed lost time injury and illness claims per million man-hours worked) • Total Recorded Frequency Rate (the number of recordable injuries [recordable/lost time/fatal] per million man-hours worked)
The monthly reports shall also include: • Number of drug and alcohol tests • Proportion of positive drug and alcohol tests • Number of site health and safety audits conducted by contractor • Number of safety briefings • Number of near misses • Number of traffic management inspections • Number of sub-contractor reviews • Number of stop work actions • Number of hazard cards reported • Number of positive reinforcements
8. REFERENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) - January, 2018
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 – Report Templates 4
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
ANNEX III
VERIFICATION LOGS AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
TEMPLATES
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
MANAGEMENT OF LEGAL REQUIREMENTS AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS
LIST OF LEGISLATION
Subject Degree Date Summary Aplicability
I_001_1 Pág.:__/__ I_001_1 Pág.:__/__ IA No. Environmental Inspections ______
Page.: 1/1 CHECKLIST Date:___/_____
Purpose and Scope of Inspection Area(s) / Activities to Inspect: Shipyards and construction fronts Reference Documents: Preparation: Approval: MTA opinions; PGA; Environmental legislation applicable.
VERIFICATION
ASPECTS TO BE CHECKED OBSERVATIONS
IN
FIT
NOT
NOT FIT NOT
APPLICABLE RESOLUTION
I_002_1
Date: ___/______NON-COMPLIANCE BULLETIN Page: ____/____
Non-Compliance/Observation No._/___
Finding
Prepared by: Date:
Corrective Action
Expected date for the start of implementation:
Environmental Manager:
Technical Director of the Company:
Non-Conformity/Observation Closure Closing date: Rubric:
I_003_1
HOLDER:
WASTE:
DANGEROUS NOT DANGEROUS AREA OF ORIGIN:
PLACE DO NOT PLACE
NATURE OF RISKS: OBSERVATIONS:
I_004_01 LIST OF PRODUCED WASTE
Waste Dangerous Temporary Storage
I_005_1
No.______
WASTE PRODUCTION CONTROL MAP Month: ______
Page: ____/____
Waste Origin Temporary storage Amount Transport Final Destination Typology
I_006_1
USED OIL REGISTRATION MAP
HOLDER: ______YEAR: ADDRESS: ______TRIMESTER: MAIN ACTIVITY: ______
WASTE OILS PRODUCED
Amount COLLECTOR RECIPIENT Designation (liters) COMPANY NAME Address COMPANY NAME Address Operation
Observations:
I_007_1
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
ANNEX IV
ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Code: PFA ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:1/5
MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR THE INTEGRATED
RURAL ROAD DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN
ZAMBEZIA PROVINCE - LOT 2
ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN
Control Preparation Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/___
Signature
Code: PFA ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:2/5
ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN
In the context of the monitoring and environmental management of the project, the training plan of those involved in the implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Plan is developed in order to ensure that it is correctly interpreted and implemented on the ground. The training of workers in good environmental practices is also ensured, taking into account the functions they perform and the job they hold.
The Environmental Training Plan includes actions of various types, including:
Training Actions Host Awareness Specialization - Distribution of leaflets - Actions to raise awareness - Specific training to (host manual); of the majority of workers in stakeholders in the - Good environmental order to respect and comply implementation of the practices; with good environmental Environmental - Adopted attitude faced practices; Management Plan, namely with environmental - Prevention and environmental legislation, emergencies. responsiveness to operational procedures for environmental environmental emergencies. management; - Specific training to workers where appropriate, according to thematic areas or professional categories; - Adequate training for workers with specific tasks in the environmental management field.
All actions under environmental training should be recorded (see Annex 1). An attendance log should also be carried out for each training action (see Annex 2).
Where a worker is admitted, he shall be given the necessary instructions on good environmental practices at the shipyard and work fronts, as well as specific instructions on environmental procedures directly related to his function, and a host manual will be delivered.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Environmental Training plan 2
Code: PFA ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:3/5
Annexes
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Environmental Training plan 3
Code: PFA ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:4/5
ANNEX 1
Registration of Training Actions
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Environmental Training plan 4
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
TRAINING RECORDS Date: ___/______Training Action No.______Time: ___:___ Pág.___
Theme: Recipients:
Name Company Category Rubric
Documentation:
Trainer: ___/___/___
Code: PFA ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PLAN Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:5/5
ANNEX 2
Attendance Log
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Environmental Training plan 5
Attendance Log
Work : PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Client:
Recipients Date Distributed documents Trainer Worker Category Company
1/1
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
ANNEX V
WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Edition 01
Waste Management Plan Date:
Pag.: 1/1
Temporary Storage Specific Measures / Waste Waste Identification Hazard rating Carrier Final Destination Registration Location Packaging Conditions
Non-chlorinated mineral Bin properly packed in holding Dangerous ▪ Shipyard ▪ ▪ oils rooms.
Cloths and absorbent Bin duly identified for this Dangerous ▪ Shipyard ▪ ▪ materials purpose.
Bin duly identified for this Oil filters Dangerous ▪ Shipyard ▪ ▪ purpose
▪ Solid waste Oil-contaminated land Dangerous Landfill. ▪ ▪ collection company
Waste from removable Not dangerous ▪ Respective WC's Respective WC's ▪ ▪ toilets
Containers duly identified as ▪ Construction Rsu Not dangerous "GARBAGE" and municipal ▪ ▪ Fronts/Shipyards containers
Small pargas, without risk of Green Waste Not dangerous ▪ Temporary deposits ▪ ▪ collapse.
▪ Pargas next to the Small pargas, without risk of Soils and Rocks Not dangerous ▪ ▪ layout collapse.
Contaminated They should be placed in properly Dangerous ▪ Shipyard ▪ ▪ packaging identified Bin for this purpose.
Iron and Steel Not dangerous ▪ Shipyard Container properly identified ▪ ▪
Small pargas, without risk of Concrete Not dangerous ▪ Temporary deposits ▪ ▪ collapse.
Note: Blank cells to be filled by the Environmental Work Manager
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2 – Waste Management Plan 1
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
ANNEX VI
GENERAL MONITORING PLAN
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
GENERAL MONITORING PLAN
1. SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMME
1.1. SURFACE WATER RESOURCES QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM
1.1.1. Parameters to Monitor
The following parameters will be monitored: • pH;
• Temperature;
• Conductivity;
• Total Suspended Solids;
• Dissolved oxygen;
• Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons;
• Oils and fats;
• Cadmium (total and dissolved fractions);
• Copper (total and dissolved fractions);
• Zinc (total and dissolved fractions);
• Nickel
• Iron
• Chromium
• Flow.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- General Monitoring Plan 1
The first three parameters will be monitored in situ.
1.1.2. Sampling Sites
The sampling sites are:
- Water lines crossed by the road;
- Existing wells less than 5 meters from the road.
The Environmental Manager on site must go through the roads before construction starts and, together with the local leadership, carry out a survey (in addition to the one made for this PGAS) of the existing wells to include a map of locations for this monitoring.
In package 4 – Mocubela, at least the water lines near the villages of Abacar and Namitaga and the wells in Namitaga, Epia and Bauala should be monitored.
In package 5 – Pebane, at least the water lines near the villages of Alto Muganha and Mucucune and the wells in Muigudje, Txalalane, Puna and Musseia should be monitored.
In package 6 – Morrumbala, at least the water lines near the villages to the east of Tengana, Murire and Gorro and the wells in Tengana, Murire and Txalalane should be monitored.
1.1.3. Duration and Periodicity of Sample campaigns
Before the construction phase
A campaign will be carried out before construction work begins with the aim of ensuring a correct characterization of the reference situation.
Construction phase
During the construction phase, sampling campaigns will take place in 3 2 periods during the year:
• Wet period - in January;
• Dry season – between March and November;
PGAS - Management plans for the integrated rural road development project in Zambezia province - Lot 2 - General Monitoring Plan 2
1.1.4. Techniques and Methods of Analysis
Analytical determinations shall be made by an accredited laboratory for the parameters in question.
1.1.5. Methods of Data Processing
The processing of the data will be carried out in such a way as to allow the results with the limit values stipulated by the legislation in force.
1.1.6. Data Assessment Criteria
The results obtained will be analyzed taking into account the provisions of Law No. 16/1991 of 3 August.
1.1.7. Monitoring Reports
During the construction phase, the delivery frequency of the Monitoring Reports will be semiannual.
1.1.8. Calendaring of Monitoring Campaigns
Reference Situation
- Before the Start of the Works
Construction Phase
• Wet period - in January;
• Dry season - between March and November.
PGAS - Management plans for the integrated rural road development project in Zambezia province - Lot 2 - General Monitoring Plan 3
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
Anexo VII
Communication Plan
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Code: PC
COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 Pag.:1/10
MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR THE INTEGRATE
FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR
ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
COMMUNICATION PLAN
Control Elaboration Verification Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/___
Siganture
Code: PC
COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 Pag.:2/10
1. INTRODUCTION
The Communication Plan under consideration is aimed mainly at the population affected by the project with the main objective of promoting positive attitudes towards the project and the entity, as well as the minimization and containment of negative attitudes and conflict prevention and/or management and minimising theirimpact.
This Plan therefore addresses the population who are indirectly affected by the project (since the project does not include any direct allocation of infrastructure), i.e. to people who by proximity to the building site, or to the construction site may possibly be disturbed by construction activities, or to infrastructure users who may suffer some kind of disturbance.
It should be noted that the impacts associated with the construction phase of the project under analysis are not very expressive, since this consists of an widening of existing paths. Thus, the measures proposed under this Communication Plan are essentially of a global nature and measures for one-off actions/disturbances in certain locations are not justified, as they will always have a very limited duration in time.
2. GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE COMMUNICATION PLAN
In the next figure is presented a scheme which contains the target populations considered and the objectives and communication actions directed at them.
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Objectives Activities
• Dissemination of the work execution program and information on the main affected areas • One-on-one • Promote positive meetings with local feelings towards leadership the project and the • Disclosure of promoter information • Reduce the impact • Dissemination of of negative information leaflets communication • Informative panels against the project • Call line (with • Promoting whatsapp) affected adaptation to the new reality • Minimize the negative atitudes and contain their spread. • Promoting good • Leaflet promoting relations with local good communities communication Workers
• Conflict prevention between workers Populations in the vicinity of the road or indirectly indirectly or the road of vicinity the in Populations and local communities
Figure 1 – Activities and General Objectives of the Communication Plan.
3. COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES
The following are the main communication activities to be carried out under the Communication Plan, and are divided into three groups: a) actions aimed at defining bases for communication, b) communication actions with the public itself, and c) preventive actions directed at the workers of the enterprise.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Communication Plan
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COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 Pag.:4/10
A. ACTIONS AIMED AT DEFINING BASES FOR COMMUNICATION
1) ANALYSIS OF DOCUMENTS PRODUCED IN THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND
OTHER RELEVANT PHASE
Objective The Communication Plan should contain a set of general information which is obvious from the point of view of its relevance to promoting adequate adaptation of populations to the environmental changes introduced by the project; but its success both for adapting populations to the new reality, as well as promoting positive attitudes towards the project and the promoter, or for the prevention of negative feelings towards the project and conflicts, will be greater the more it answers the doubts that people hold about the project. In this way, it is essential to know the doubts and fears (perceptions of risk) of the population, in order to integrate in the communication about the project answers to their questions. One of the documents where these doubts or concerns are expressed are the documents produced in the public consultation phase, so they should be examined in order to list the doubts and concerns to which it will be necessary to respond.
Target Population that expressed their concerns or doubts in the public Population consultation phase, and tend to manifest local entities and populations; as well as some national entities with interests in specific topics (e.g. Non-Governmental Organisations), but whereas these manifestations are representative of a broader population that has not manifested itself.
Information Information should be collected and systematised, in particular on the negative points pointed out to the project, as well as the doubts and fears exposed by the population (since it is mainly aspects of this kind that are manifested in the public consultation phase); but also any pro-project comments that may also be evident in the comments.
Means/ All public consultation documents produced by the local population and Resources the entities that have demonstrated during the Communication Programme shall be made available to the communication team; or any others that may contain relevant information about the perceptions that the population has of the project.
Periodicity Activity to be carried out in the two months prior to the start of the construction phase.
2) CLIPPING AND ANALYSIS OF THE COMMUNICATION ON THE PROJECT
Objective Considering that the project will be the subject of news and information carried in the media, controlled by entities external to the project and the team that will be directly or indirectly involved in the implementation of the project, clipping will allow the collection of information that is carried by a wide range of media, allowing to identify communication opportunities, and adjustments in the content sums or forms of
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Communication Plan
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COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 Pag.:5/10
presentation in order to increase the success of the communication of the project and the adequate clarification of populations.
Target In this case, media with a relatively wide scope will be selected if the Population locations allocated to the project under consideration will be considered.
Information The collection of information and its analysis should focus on the main themes addressed by the media, the identification of correct types of information, the identification of incorrect or ambiguous information typologies; identification of the number of articles for and against the project, and the typology of arguments supporting each of the positions.
Periodicity Clipping should be collected within the first 6 months of construction of each section under analysis. Data analysis may be done on a quarterly basis.
B. COMMUNICATION ACTIONS WITH THE PUBLIC
1) INDIVIDUAL MEETINGS WITH LOCAL ENTITIES
Objective The main objective of this action is to promote a good relationship with local institutions, considering in particular those whose work may be most affected by construction activities, or which may be useful in the course of the project either for activities inherent in it, or for being able to act as local facilitators (e.g. District administration, local leadership, local authorities...).
Target Most important local entities: District administration, local leadership, Population local authorities,among others that may be considered relevant.
Information In addition to a general presentation of the project which includes reference to its relevance and area of implementation on the ground with specific reference to the affected areas and structures and indication of main local positive and negative impacts; information should also be presented such as: generic explanation of the most significant works; type of intervention to be carried out at each site; sequence of work; deadlines; possible allocations to the population, and telephone number for direct contact and their interlocutors (indicating the typology of problems and interlocutors to be contacted in each case). The contribution of local authorities to the activities to be carried out locally may also be requested, for example: the promotion of the communication of correct information to the population by the municipality, through the provision of leaflets in their places of service or the dissemination of communication actions of the project; the contribution that security forces may make in traffic management at some point that may be more critical; the preventive presence of fire fighting representatives at some point of work that may be considered at greater risk, among others. Doubts should also be clarified and solutions to any obstacle that may be considered relevant should be made to.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Communication Plan
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COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 Pag.:6/10
Means/ Several independent meetings (one per locality allocated to the project Resources under study) should be prepared for this purpose, which may take place at the premises of the local authorities. For the good conduct of the work, a presentation with clear and simple information should be prepared, and a mapping resource can be made to indicate the main interventions and conditionings to which they require from the point of view of infrastructure.
Periodicity Meetings with local authorities should take place during the second and third month of the project, which is a starting point for other communication activities.
2) DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROJECT Objective In general, the dissemination of information aims to reduce speculation and rumors about it and the activities inherent in its implementation, through a general dissemination of the project and communication of specific information that may be useful to the local population.
Target The target population is relatively broad, referring to the population of Population the most affected villages.
Information The information to be disclosed should contain a brief description of the project, which includes reference to its relevance and area of its implementation on the ground with specific reference to the affected areas and structures and indication of main local positive and negative impacts. Information should also be presented such as: sequence of work; deadlines; means of communication available during the construction and identification phase of the respective interlocutors.
Means/ The dissemination of information about the project may occur through Resources articles published in local newspapers, or through airtime in local radio spots, or through the creation of a website with information about the project.
Periodicity It is proposed to advertise in local radio spots during the two weeks preceding construction work that may induce disturbances in the quality of life of local populations (e.g. road and/or service conditions used by the population). It is also suggested that the project be advertised in local newspapers in the week immediately preceding these works.
3) DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION LEAFLETS
Objective The main objective of this action is to inform the local population about the project and the activities inherent in its implementation; contributing to reduce speculation and rumors. Timely information from the population also allows us to manage expectations and help people develop behaviors that facilitate their adaptation to a new context.
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Target Population residing in villages that may in some way be affected by the Population project under construction.
Information The leaflet should contain a general presentation of the project which includes reference to the relevance of the project and the area of its implementation on the ground with specific reference to the affected areas and structures and indication of main local positiveand negative impacts; information should also be presented on: generic explanation of the work in the localities; type of intervention to be carried out; sequence of work; deadlines; possible allocations to the population, means of communication available during the construction phase (including the public service line) and identification of the respective interlocutors.
Means/ Leaflets should be published to be published to families living in the Resources study-related localities or in the localities most disturbed by the planned interventions. Leaflets should also be available in public places such as District Administration, Local Lidenrança, HealthCentres, Churches and other places considered relevant.
Periodicity The dissemination of the information leaflets should take place in the first months of work that may induce disturbances in the quality of life of local populations.
4) LINHA TELEFÓNICA DE ATENDIMENTO AO PÚBLICO
Objective The main objective of the Telephone Service Line is to ensure that any problems that may arise arising from the construction activity of the project are promptly met and properly forwarded. In addition to the fulfillment of complaints, this line can also serve to make requests for information about the project.
Target Resident or working population in localities that will be affected by the Population project during the construction phase; it may also be considered to display the contact in posters to be placed in certain affected locations.
Information The information to be provided will be appropriate depending on the question posed, and in some cases the immediate ignorance of the response may imply contact with other team members in order to clarify doubts or resolve problems.
Means/ Mobile phone and telephone service sheets properly developed for this Resources purpose and that allow to register: date and time of contact; identification of the person who contacts the helpline; description of the situation to be resolved; how the situation was forwarded; monitoring of the situation and indication of the date and time to which the situation was resolved. It should be noted that whenever the team member who makes the local support is unreachable for more than one hour, the call should be forwarded to another team contact (e.g. at the shipyard)ensuring adequate careof the population (timely and maintaining quality levels).
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Periodicity The public service hotline, which allows the fulfillment of complaints, suggestions and requests for information, must be operational before the start of the work and extend until the end of the work.
5) PAINÉIS INFORMATIVOS
Objective Inform the population about the main objectives of the project at the construction site itself, while presenting an apology for the inconvenience/disorder caused.
Target The population who use the routes to be benefited, in the sections in Population which it will be subject to.
Information The information to be included in the information panels should include a phrase alrelated to the purpose of the project, drafted as simply and shortly as possible (e.g. We are improving its conditions of movement), including an apology for the inconvenience caused (e.g. We regret the inconvenience caused).
Means/ Display panels, including all graphic design work and editing them. Two Resources of these panels should be placed in each direction along the section of the road to intervene.
Periodicity It is suggested the placement of two information panels in each direction of transit, which should remain posted for the duration of the work.
C. PREVENTIVE ACTIONS AIMED AT THE WORKERS OF THE ENTERPRISE
6) TRAINING/ AWARENESS RAISING FOR THE PROMOTION OF GOOD
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN WORKERS AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Objective Information management to prevent the spread of incorrect information because someone in the population heard a conversation between workers and conflict prevention with the local population.
Target Workers at the service of the Construction Owner and Subcontractors. Population Information In order to promote good communication with the population, the following topics should be addressed with the workers of the enterprise: risks of talking about the project in public places, such answers to questions about the project, behavior to be adopted in order to avoid conflicts with the population (verbal and non-verbal communication).
Meios/Recursos A short script with clear and simple information should be prepared, which can be used to workers during a training or meeting.
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Periodicidade Once at the beginning of the contract, or at the time of carrying out the environmental training/awareness action for construction workers.
4. COMMUNICATION ACTIVITY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
In order to ensure the proper course of the proposed communication activities, it is necessary to ensure a set of activities to support them, which can be developed by the team responsible for the Communication Plan.
The main support activities include:
• Preparation of presentations
A presentation will be prepared with basic information which will be subsequently adapted to create the presentations planned for the different types of communication activities, taking into account in particular the Individual Meetings with Local Authorities.
• Design of information to be included in disclosure materials
As before, a written, graphic and cartographic information base system should be designed to be included in dissemination materials, and then that basic info should be worked on and adapted according to the objectives intended to serve in terms of facilitating information to the target population. Considering the aspects referred to in the context of communication activities, it is proposed at the outset to establish basic information on: relevance of the project; area of implementation of the project on the ground with specific reference to the affected areas and structures and indication of main impacts on local positives and negatives, generic explanation of the most significant works in the different localities; type of intervention to be carried out for each case; sequence of work; deadlines; list of direct telephone contacts of technicians responsible for different sectors of construction and with which it may be necessary to promote an articulation (indicating the typology of problems and interlocutors to be contacted in each case).
• Graphic design of dissemination materials
All communication materials to be used must disclose a single image of the project, and for this reason should all be developed in a manner consistent with the brand image, and maintaining the same graphic layout. Therefore, it will be necessary to ensure the graphic design of all materials by a technician with
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Communication Plan
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COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 Pag.:10/10 skills in the field of graphic design, which will ensure the definition of templates for different types of programs to be used in the elaboration of the resources provided for in the conduct of communication activities(Powerpoint templates, Word templates...).
• Preparation and printing of instruments
In this regard, it is worth mentioning the development of instruments to be used in the context of the different communication activities, highlighting in particular the data recording instruments to be used in the Telephone Service Line.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Communication Plan
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
Anexo VIII
Emergency Plan
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Edition 01 PREVENTION AND RESPONSE PLAN TO Date: ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES Page.: 1/2
PREDICTED POTENTIAL ASSOCIATED PREVENTIVE MEASURES ACTIONS TO BE DEVELOPED CHAIN OF COMMUNICATION ACCIDENT/ ACCIDENT/ ENVIRONMENTAL INCIDENT INCIDENT IMPACT SCENARIOS
1 - During the refueling of
vehicles and of the reservoir;
Fuel spillage 2 - During the transport of fuel to the various Responsible for maintenance/ equipment’s; ▪ This material, as well as the review or operator who is ▪ Immediately suspend the supply, 3 - Rupture of the fuel waste from it, will be stored in handling the material / transport or intervention that is causing an appropriate place residue. tank of the equipment. the spill. (waterproof with a retention ▪ Contain fuel/oil spread/ other spilled tin); ⇓ substance, with sand / other absorbent
1 - During the review / ▪ Contamination of ▪ Awareness-raising actions will material and/or container. Spread the Work-front Director maintenance of the soil, groundwater or be carried out for workers sand / other absorbent material over the
equipment; water lines. operating on these materials contaminated site; Oil spillage and their managers, in order to ⇓ 2 - By accident any vehicle ▪ Collect contaminated soil (already make their storage and suffers a breach in its oil with the absorbent material) and handling properly, thus Environmental Manager tank; package it correctly, in a designated preventing the occurrence of (Environmental Management 3 - Spills of containers place for further collection. environmental accidents. Technician or Environmental during use. Manager)
Spillage of other During its application, small spills substances may occur.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Emergency Plan 1 Edition 01 PREVENTION AND RESPONSE PLAN TO Date: ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES Page.: 2/2
PREDICTED POTENTIAL ASSOCIATED ACCIDENT/INCIDENT PREVENTIVE MEASURES ACTIONS TO BE DEVELOPED CHAIN OF COMMUNICATION ACCIDENT/INCIDENT ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIOS IMPACT
a) Small fires:
In case of small fire, immediately use the fire
extinguishers present in all storage areas for immediate intervention, removal of materials and equipment in the vicinity of the fire as soon as possible, always avoiding the risk of injury.
Soil contamination, 1 – Fire of fuel during the Underground water or refueling of vehicles; b) Medium or large fires: water lines; If the size of the fire justifies it, that is, it 2 - Fire deflagration in fuel Contamination of the cannot be fought with the means available on transport containers; atmosphere due to the Fires As provided for in the contractor's site, call the firefighters immediately, As provided for in the contractor's 3 - Fire deflagration in the storage emission of fumes; Emergency Plan. remove all equipment and materials at risk of Emergency Plan. place of flammable products; Pollution caused by propagate fire, as long as there are no by the waste of human hazards, evacuate the area and fire fighting. immediately suspend all work there. Identification of the resulting waste, provide its correct packaging and ensure collection to the authorized destination.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Emergency Plan 2
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
Annex IX
Contingency plan for COVID 19
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:1/8
MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR THE INTEGRATE
FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR
ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR COVID 19
control verification approval elaboration
name
date ___/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/___ signature
Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:2/8
1. INTRODUCTION
According to information provided by the World Health Organization,the new Coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019 in China in Wuhan City. This new agent had never been previously identified in humans, having caused an outbreak in the city of Wuhan. The source of the infection is still unknown.
Coronaviruses are a family of viruses known to cause disease in humans. The infection may be similar to a common flu or present as a more serious disease, such as pneumonia.
The incubation period of COVID-19 is 2 to 14 days. This means that if a person remains well 14 days after contacting a confirmed case of COVID-19 disease, it is unlikely to have been infected.
After exposure to a confirmed case of COVID-19, the following symptoms may arise:
• Difficulty breathing • Cough • Fever
In general, these infections can cause more serious symptoms in people with a weaker immune system, older people and people with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer and respiratory diseases.
2. TRANSVIRUS MISSION
COVID-19 is considered to be transmitted in three ways:
• By the spread of respiratory droplets produced by an infected person when, coughing, sneezing or talking, which can be instilled or land in the mouth, nose or eyes of people who are nearby (radius of 2 meters). • By contacting the hands with a surface or object with infectious secretions and then contact with the oral, nasal or ocular mucous membranes (mouth, nose or eyes), may lead to transmission of the infection. • By aerosols in therapeutic procedures that produce them (less than 1 micron).
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 2 Code: PC
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3. PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO BE TAKEN
The general measures recommended are as follows:
• Displaying posters of the World Health Organization or the Mozambican medical authorities; • Strengthening hygiene measures; • Strengthening the cleaning procedures of the most frequented areas of social spaces; • Availability of alcoholic solution dispensers in common spaces, conditioned to their existence in the market; • Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, rubbing them thoroughly for at least 20 seconds and reinforce hand washing before and after food preparation or meals, after using the bathroom and whenever your hands aredirty. • Alternatively use an alcohol-based solution for hand hygiene (Ethyl alcohol 70). • Avoid touching the eyes, nose and mouth with hands dirty or contaminated with respiratory secretions, as well as remaining indoors and very frequented and avoiding physical contact with other people. • Cover your mouth and nose with a disposable tissue paper whenever you need to blow, cough or sneeze. The tissue should be discarded in a dustbin and then washed the hands. In the absence of disposable tissue, you may cough or sneeze into the elbow fold. Never cough or sneeze into the air or hands. • Avoid greeting people and keep a minimum distance of 2 meters from people with cough, fever or difficulty breathing. • Open the windows to aesthetise the rooms and cabinets. • Often clean and disinfect commonly used objects and surfaces, such as rooms, w.c. and surfaces (e.g. handrails; door handles; turnstiles, control buttons) with disinfectant products more frequently daily. • Creating an isolation room for some specific situation (meeting room por example). • People who experience cough, fever or difficulty breathing should stay at home and not move to their workplace, children's schools or health facilities and immediately inform their superior and company manager.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 3 Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:4/8
4. PRODUTOS AND EQUIPMENT NEEDED
• Antiseptic solution of alcoholic base and make available the same in strategic sites (e.g. dining area, biometric registration, "isolation" area of the company), together with information on hand hygiene procedures; • Surgical masks for use by the Worker with symptoms (suspected case); • Surgical masks and disposable gloves, to be used, as a precautionary measure, by workers who provide assistance to the Worker with symptoms (suspected case); • Paper towels for drying hands, in sanitary facilities and other places where hand hygiene is possible; • Waste container with non-manual opening and plastic bag (with thickness of 50 or 70 microcs); • Cleaning equipment, single use, in the situation where there is a Confirmed Case in the company; • Hygiene and cleaning products. Hygiene and cleaning planning should be related to coatings, equipment and utensils, as well as to objects and surfaces that are most handled (e.g. handrails, door handles, elevator buttons). Cleaning and disinfection of the surfaces should be carried out with de- fattening detergent, followed by disinfectant.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 4 Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:5/8
5. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN WHEN RETURNING FROM AREAS WITH COMMUNITY TRANSMISSION
If a worker has returned from an area affected by Covid-19 (defined by WHO or Mozambican medical authorities)they shall, as a precautionary principle of public health, respect a period of prophylactic home isolation of 14 days after their return, during which they should monitor the possible appearance of symptoms (cough, fever or respiratory difficulty).
6. PROCEDURES IN SUSPICIOUS CASES
All individuals presenting one of the following criteria are considered suspicious cases:
• Acute respiratory infection (fever or cough or difficulty breathing) requiring or not hospitalization • Travel history to areas with active community transmission within 14 days prior to symptom onset OR Contact with confirmed or probable case of SARS- CoV-2/COVID-19 infection within 14 days prior to symptom onset OR Health professional or person who has been in a healthcare institution where patients with COVID-19 are treated. • Any worker with signs and symptoms of COVID-19 and epidemiological connection, or who identifies a worker in the company with criteria compatible with the definition of suspicious case, should remain at home or go to the area of "isolation", defined in the Contingency Plan and immediately inform the direct management (preferably by telephone).
The sick worker (suspected case of COVID-19) who remains at home or in the "isolation" area, should be evaluated by a health professional for signs and symptoms and epidemiological linkage compatible with a suspected case of COVID-19. After evaluation, the health professional informs the Worker and defines the appropriate procedures for his/her clinical situation.
The worker informs the employer of the result of its validation, in order to take appropriate measures for each case.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 5 Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:6/8
7. PROCEDURES IN SUSPECT CASE VALIDATED
In the case of suspect validated:
• The sick employee must remain at home or in the isolation room (with a surgical mask, provided that his or her clinical condition permits), until the arrival ofthe healthteam, which ensures transport to the reference hospital, where biological samples will be taken for laboratory tests; • The access of other employees to the isolation area is prohibited (except to the person responsible for occurrence);
If the case is unconfirmed, it is closed to COVID-19, and the usual procedures are applied, including cleaning and disinfection of the isolation room, in accordance with the guidelines of the person responsible for cleaning and hygiene.
If the case is confirmed, the isolation area should be closed until the validation of the decontamination (cleaning and disinfection) by the health professional.
8. PROCEDURES IN CONFIRMED CASE
In the confirmed case situation the occupational safety and hygiene services shall:
• Arrange cleaning and disinfection of the isolation room in accordance with the guidelines of the person responsible for cleaning and hygiene • Reinforce cleaning and disinfection according to the guidelines of the person responsible for cleaning and hygiene, especially on surfaces often handled and most used by the confirmed patient, with a higher probability of being contaminated. Pay special attention to the cleaning and disinfection of door handles and handles, push buttons and machine controls, stair handrails, dining tables, desks, including materials and equipment used by the confirmed case; • Store the residues of the confirmed case in plastic bag;
It is recommended that employees remain in prophylactic isolation for 14 days in the following situations:
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 6 Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:7/8
• 1 case confirmed in one of the construction sectors (the officials in contact are in prophylactic isolation); • 5% of cases in one of the confirmed construction sectors all internal and external employees are in prophylactic isolation;
The total or partial closure of the company may also occur by indication of the Mozambican health authorities.
9. CLOSE CONTACT SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURE
"Close contact" is considered a worker who has no symptoms at the time but who has had or may have had contact with a confirmed case of COVID-1911. The type of exposure of the close contact will determine the type of surveillance.
Close contact with confirmed case of COVID-19 may be:
"High risk of exposure"
• Worker of the same job (office, room, section, zone up to 2 meters) of the Confirmed Case; • Worker who was face-to-face with the Confirmed Case or who was with it in an enclosed space; • Worker who shared with the Confirmed Case dishes (plates, glasses, cutlery), towels or other objects or equipment that may be contaminated with sputum, blood, respiratory droplets.
"Low risk of exposure"
• Worker who had sporadic (momentary) contact with the Confirmed Case (e.g. in motion/circulation during which there was exposure to droplets/respiratory secretions through face-to-face conversation greater than 15 minutes, coughing or sneezing). • Worker who provided assistance to the Confirmed Case, provided that he has followed the preventive measures (e.g. proper use of the mask and gloves; respiratory label; hand hygiene).
In the case confirmed by COVID-19, in addition to the above, active surveillance procedures of close contacts should be activated in relation to
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 7 Code: PC
CONTINGENCY PLAN – COVID 19 Date: ___/______Edition: 01 Page.:8/8 the onset of symptomatology. To contact management, the healthcare professional shall:
• Identify, list and classify nearby contacts (including casual ones); • Follow up on the necessary contactdetails (call daily, inform, advise and reference, if necessary).
The estimated incubation period of COVID-19 is 2 to 12 days. As a precautionary measure, active surveillance of close contacts takes place for 14 days from the date of the last confirmed case exposure.
It should be noted that:
• The daily self-monitoring, made by the worker himself, aims at assessing fever (measuring body temperature twice a day and recording the value and time of measurement) and checking cough or difficulty breathing; • If there are symptoms of COVID-19 and the worker is in the company, the "Procedures in a Suspicious Case" should be initiated; • If no symptoms appear in the 14 days resulting from the last exposure, the situation is closed to COVID-19.
PGAS – Management Plans for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2- Contingency Plan – COVID 19 8
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
Annex X
Code of Conduct
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:1/11
MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR THE INTEGRATED
RURAL ROAD DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN
ZAMBEZIA PROVINCE - LOT 2
Code of Conduct
Control Preparation Check Approval
Name
Date ___/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/______/___/___
Signature
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:2/11
Introduction to the Code of Conduct
The objective of the Codes of Conduct and Action Plan to Prevent Gender Violence (GBV) and Violence against Children (VAC) is to present a set of key definitions, essential codes of conduct and guidelines that establish mechanisms to prevent, denounce and address GBV and VAC in the workplace and in immediate neighboring communities. The application of the GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct will help prevent and/or mitigate the risks of GBV and VAC in the project. Mutual respect and fair treatment between those working on the project and local communities are essential for a safe, respectful and productive workplace and operating environment. GBV and VAC can be one of the most serious violations of respect and fair treatment that can harm the local community and significantly undermine trust and cooperation between the parties. These Codes of Conduct should be adopted by those who work on the project and aimto: (i) create common awareness about GBV and VAC; (ii) ensure a common understanding that they have no place in the project; And (iii) create a clear system to identify, respond to, and sanction GBV and VAC incidents. Ensuring that all project employees understand project values, understand the expectations of all employees, and recognize the consequences of violations of those values, will help create a smoother, more respectful and productive project implementation, thereby helping to ensure that project objectives are achieved.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 2
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:3/11
Settings
• Gender Violence (GBV): is a comprehensive term for any harmful act perpetrated against a person's will and is based on socially attributed differences (i.e., gender) between men and women. It includes acts that inflict physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering, threats of such acts, coertion and other deprivations of liberty. These acts can take place in public or in private. • Violence against children (VAC): is defined as physical, sexual or psychological harm of minor children (i.e., under 18 years of age), including use for profit, work, sexual gratification, or some other personal or financial advantage. This also includes other activities, such as using computers, mobile phones, or cameras to properly film and never exploiting or harassing children or having access to child pornography by any means. • Accountability measures: these are the measures put in place to ensure the confidentiality of survivors and to hold contractors, consultants and the client accountable for establishing a fair system for handling GBV and VAC cases. • Child: it is used interchangeably with the term "minor" and refers to a person under 18 years of age. This is in accordance with Article 1 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. • Child Protection (CP): is an activity or initiative designed to protect the child from any form of damage, mainly arising from the VAC. • Consent: Is the informed choice underlying an individual's intention, acceptance, or free and voluntary agreement to do something. No consent can be found when such acceptance or agreement is obtained through the use of threats, force or other forms of coerce, abduction, fraud, deception or mistraining. According to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the World Bank considers that consent cannot be given to children under the age of 18, even if the national legislation of the country in which the Code of Conduct was introduced is of a lower age. The erroneous belief about the child's age and the consent of the child is not a defense. • Consultant: is any firm, company, organization or other institution to which a contract for the provision of consulting services under the project was awarded and who hired managers and / or employees to perform this work. • Contractor: is any firm, company, organization or other institution that has obtained a contract to carry out infrastructure development works in the context of the project and that has hired managers and / or employees to carry out this work. This also includes subcontractors who carry out activities on behalf of the contractor. • Employee: is any individual who offers work to the contractor or consultant within the country, inside or outside the workplace, under a formal or informal employment agreement or contract, usually, but not necessarily, in exchange for a salary (e.g., including unpaid interns and volunteers), without responsibility for managing or supervising other employees. • GBV and VAC claim procedure: is the prescribed procedure to be followed when reporting GBV or VAC incidents. • GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct: The Codes of Conduct adopted for the project covering the company's commitment and the responsibilities of managers and individuals in relation to GBV and VAC. • GBV and VAC (GCCT) compliance equipment: a project-established equipment to address GBV and VAC issues.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 3
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:4/11
• Complaint Mechanism (GRM): is the process established by the project to receive and handle complaints. • Grooming: these are behaviors that make it easier for an aggressor to get a child for sexual activity. For example, an aggressor can build a relationship of trust with the child and then seek to sexualize that relationship (for example, by encouraging romantic feelings or exposing the child to sexual concepts through pornography). • Manager: is any individual who offers labor to the contractor or consultant, inside or outside the workplace, under a formal employment contract and in exchange for a salary, with the responsibility to control or direct the activities of a contracting team or consultant, unit, division or similar, and supervise and manage a predefined number of employees. • Grooming online: it is the act of sending an electronic message with indecent content to a recipient that the sender believes to be a minor, with the intention of getting the recipient to engage in or engage in sexual activity with another person, including but not necessarily the sender. • Perpetrator: it is the person(s) who commits (m) or threatens (m) to commit an act or acts of Gender-Based Violence or VAC. • Response Protocol: these are the mechanisms established to respond to GBV and VAC cases. • Survivor/Survivors: are people adversely affected by GBV or VAC. Women, men and children may be survivors of VBG; children may be survivors of the VAC. • Construction site: it is the area where the infrastructure development works are being carried out, within the scope of the project. • Surroundings of the construction site: it is the 'Project Area of Influence' which is any area, urban or rural, directly affected by the project, including all human settlements found in it.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 4
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:5/11
Code of conduct for the company
The company is committed to creating and maintaining an environment in which gender-based violence (GBV) and violence against children (VAC) have no place and where they are not tolerated by any employee, associate or company representative. Therefore, in order to ensure that everyone involved in the project is aware of this commitment and to prevent, be aware of and respond to any GBV and VAC claims, the company undertakes the following fundamental principles and minimum standards of behavior that will apply to all employees, associates and company representatives, including subcontractors, without exception:
1. The company - and therefore all employees, associates and representatives - undertakes to treat women, children (persons under 18 years) and men with respect, regardless of race, color, language, religion, political or other, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. The acts of GBV and VAC violate this commitment. 2. Derogatory, threatening, offensive, abusive, culturally inappropriate or sexually provocative language and behavior are prohibited among all company employees, associates and their representatives. 3. GBV or VAC acts constitute a serious offense and therefore basis for penalties, which may include penalties and/or termination of employment contract. All forms of GBV and VAC, including grooming, are unacceptable, regardless of whether they occur in the workplace, in the vicinity of the workplace, in workers' camps or in workers' homes. 4. In addition to the company's sanctions, those who commit acts of GBV or VAC will be prosecuted. 5. Contact or sexual activity with children under the age of 18 - including by digital means - is prohibited. The wrong belief about a child's age is not a defense. The child's consent is also not a defense or excuse. 6. Sexual favors - for example, making promises or favorable treatment dependent on sexual acts - or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior are prohibited. 7. Unless there is full consent from all parties involved in the sexual act, sexual interactions between company employees (at any level) and members of communities surrounding the workplace are prohibited. This includes relationships involving the retention/promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non- monetary) to community members in exchange for sex - such sexual activity is considered "non-consensual" under this Code. 8. All employees, including volunteers and subcontractors, are highly encouraged to report suspicious or actual acts of VBG and/or VAC by a co-worker, whether in the same company or not. Reports must be made in accordance with the GBV and VAC Claim Procedures. 9. Managers are required to report suspicious or actual acts of GBV and/or VAC as they have a responsibility to fulfill the company's commitments and hold their direct subordinates accountable.
To ensure that the above principles are implemented effectively, the company is committed to ensuring that:
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 5
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:6/11
• All managers sign the 'Manager Code of Conduct' detailing their responsibilities to implement the company's commitments and enforce the responsibilities of the 'Individual Code of Conduct'. • All employees sign the "Individual Code of Conduct" of the project, confirming their agreement not to engage in activities that result in GBV or VAC. • Company and Individual Codes of Conduct are displayed in all workplaces, offices,and public areas of theworkspace. Examples of areas include waiting areas, rest areas, cafeterias and health clinics. • The Company's and Individual Codes of Conduct are translated into the appropriate language of use on the desktops, as well as to any international employee in their native language. • An appropriate person is named as the company's 'Focal Point' to address GBV and VAC issues. • An effective Action Plan is developed in consultation with the focal point, which includes at least: o GBV and VAC claim procedure to report GBV and VAC problems through the project complaints mechanism; o Liability measures to protect the confidentiality of all involved; And o Response Protocol applicable to survivors and perpetrators of GBV and VAC. • The company effectively implements the Action Plan, providing feedback to the focal point for improvements and updates as appropriate. • All employees attend an initial training course before starting work on site to ensure they are familiar with the company's commitments and the PROJECT GBV and VAC codes of conduct. • All employees participate in a mandatory training course once a month during the duration of the contract, from the first induction training before the start of work to reinforce the understanding of the VAC and VBG Code of Conduct of the project.
I hereby acknowledge that I have read the previous Company's Code of Conduct and, on behalf of the company, I agree to comply with the standards contained therein. I understand my role and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and VAC. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Company Code of Conduct or the omission of action required by this Company Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action.
Company name: ______
Signature: ______
Printed name: ______
Title: ______
Date: ______
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 6
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:7/11
Code of conduct for the manager
Managers at all levels have specific responsibilities to maintain the company's commitment to GBV and VAC prevention and approach. This means that managers have a responsibility to create and maintain an environment that avoids GBV and VAC. Managers need to support and promote the implementation of the Company's Code of Conduct. To thisend, managers must adhere to this Manager's Code of Conduct and also sign the Individual Code of Conduct. This commits them to supporting and developing systems that facilitate the implementation of the Action Plan and maintain a VBG and VAC-free environment in the workplace and in the local community. These responsibilities include, but are not limited to:
Implementation 1. To ensure maximum effectiveness of the Company's and Individual Codes of Conduct: • Expose company and individual codes of conduct in all workplaces, offices and public areas of the workspace. Examples of areas include waiting areas, rest areas, cafeterias and health clinics. • Ensure that there are copies of the Company's And Individual Codes of Conduct are for the appropriate language of use in the workareas, as well as for any international equipment in English. 2. Express verbally and in writing the Company's codes of conduct and individuals to all employees. 3. Make sure that: • All direct subordinates sign the 'Individual Code of Conduct', including recognition that they have read and agree to the Code of Conduct. • Employee lists and signed copies of the Individual Code of Conduct are provided to GCCT and the customer. • I participated in the training and guarantee that the team also participated in as described below. • Employees are familiar with the Complaint Resolution Mechanism (GRM) and can use it to anonymously report concerns of GBV or VAC incidents. • Employees are encouraged to report any real suspicions or events of GBV or VAC through the GRM, raising awareness of GBV and VAC issues, emphasizing the team's responsibility to the Company and the country hosting their employment, and emphasizing respect for confidentiality. 4. In accordance with applicable laws and to the best of their abilities, avoid for perpetrators of sexual exploitation and abuse to be hired, rehired or posted. Use background checks and criminal references for all employees. 5. Ensure that, when engaging in partnership, subcontractor or similar agreements, these agreements: • Incorporates the GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct as an attachment. • Includes appropriate language requiring such contracting entities and individuals, and their employees and volunteers, to comply with the Individual Codes of Conduct. • States that the failure of these entities or individuals, to take preventive measures against GBV and VAC, to investigate their claims, or to take corrective actions when VBG or VAC occurred, constitutes grounds for sanctions and penalties in accordance with the Individual Codes of Conduct. 6. Provide support and resources to the GCCT to create and disseminate internal awareness initiatives through the Action Plan awareness strategy.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 7
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:8/11
7. Ensure that any GBV or VAC issue justifying police action is reported to the customer and the World Bank immediately.
Training
8. All managers are required to attend an induction manager training course before starting work on site to ensure they are familiar with their roles and responsibilities in defending the GBV and VAC Codes of Conduct. This training will be separated from the required induction course of all employees and will provide managers with the understanding and technical support needed to begin developing the Action Plan to address GBV and VAC issues. 9. Ensure that the team participates in the training required to induce GBV and VAC required of all employees prior to the start of work on site. 10. Ensure that employees participate in the mandatory monthly upgrade training course required of all employees to combat the increased risk of GBV and VAC during civil works. 11. To assist the monthly training courses and announce the self-assessments. 12. Collect satisfaction surveys to assess training experiences and provide advice on how to improve training effectiveness.
Answer
13. Managers will be asked to provide information to the Response Protocol developed as part of the final approved Action Plan. 14. Once adopted by the Company, managers will maintain the Liability Measures set forth in the Action Plan to maintain the confidentiality of all employees who report or (allegedly) perpetrate incidences of GBV and VAC (unless a breach of confidentiality is necessary to protect people or property from serious harm or when required by law). 15. If a manager develops concerns or suspicions regarding any form of GBV or VAC by one of his direct subordinates or by an employee working for another contractor in the same workplace, he/she is required to report the case using the established kennels. 16. Once a penalty has been determined, the relevant manager(s) is expected to be personally responsible for ensuring that the measure is effectively applied within a maximum period of 14 days from the date on which the decision is taken. 17. Managers who fail to report or comply with such provision may, in turn, be subject to disciplinary action, to be determined and promulgated by the company's CEO or equivalent manager of the highest level. Such measures may include: • Informal warning. • Formal notice. • Additional training. • Loss of up to a week's salary. • Suspension of employment (without salary payment), for a minimum period of 1 month up to a maximum of 6 months. • Termination of the employment contract.
18. Ultimately, failure to effectively respond to GBV and VAC cases in the workplace by the company's managers or CEO may provide grounds for legal action by the authorities.
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 8
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:9/11
I acknowledge that I have read the Previous Manager's Code of Conduct, agree to meet the standards contained therein, and understand my duties and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and VAC. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Manager Code of Conduct or failure to take the action required by this Manager's Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action.
Signature: ______Printed name: ______Title: ______Date: ______
PGAS - Management plans for the Project integrated development of rural roads in the province of Zambezia - Lot 2 - Code of Conduct and Action 9
Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:10/11
Individual code of conduct
I, ______acknowledge that the company considers that GBV or VAC activities constitute acts of serious misconduct and, therefore, are grounds for penalties, or possible termination of the employment contract. All forms of GBV or VAC are unacceptable, whether in the workplace, in the vicinity of the workplace or in workers' camps. Proceedings against those who commit VBG or VAC can be instituted, if appropriate.
I agree that while I'm working on the project, I'll:
• Give consent for police background checks; • Treat women, children (under 18 years) and men with respect, regardless of race, color, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. • Do not use language or behavior towards women, children or men that is inappropriate, offensive, abusive, sexually provocative, humiliating or culturally inappropriate. • Do not engage in contact or sexual activity with children - including personal care or contact by digital means. The wrong belief about a child's age is not a defense. The child's consent is also not a defense or excuse. • Do not engage in sexual favors - for example, making promises or favorable treatment dependent on sexual acts - or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior • Unless there is full consent from all parties involved, I will not have sexual interactions with members of neighboring communities. This includes relationships involving the retention or promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non-monetary) to community members in exchange for sex - such sexual activity is considered "non-consensual" under this Code. • Actively participate in training courses related to HIV/AIDS, GBV and VAC, as requested by my employer. • Report through my manager any suspicion or certainty of GBV or VAC by a co-worker, employed or not by my company, or any violation of this Code of Conduct.
For children under 18 years of age:
• Make sure another adult is present when working near children. • Do not invite unaccompanied children who are not related to my family to enter my home unless they are at immediate risk of injury or physical danger. • Do not sleep near unsupervised children unless absolutely necessary; in that case, I must obtain permission from my supervisor and ensure that another adult is present. • Use any computers, mobile phones or cameras appropriately and never to exploit or harass children or to access child pornography by any means. • Refrain from physical punishment or discipline of children. • Refrain from hiring children for housework or others who are inappropriate for their age or stage of development, that interfere with their time available for educational and recreational activities, or that puts them at significant risk of injury.
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Code: Cc Codes of Conduct and Action Plan Date: ___/___/___ Edition: 01 PaG.:11/11
• Comply with all relevant local legislation, including labor laws in relation to child labour.
When photographing or filming a child for work-related purposes, I must:
• Before photographing or filming a child, evaluate and comply with local traditions or restrictions for the reproduction of personal images. • Before photographing or filming a child, obtain the informed consent of the child and a parent or guardian of the child. As part of this, I must explain how photography or film will be used. • Make sure that photos, movies, videos and DVDs present the children in a dignified and respectful manner and not in a vulnerable or submissive way. Children should be dressed appropriately and not in poses that may be considered sexually suggestive. • Make sure that the images are honest representations of the context and facts. • Make sure that file details do not reveal identifying information about a child when sending images electronically.
Sanctions
I understand that if I violate this Individual Code of Conduct, my employer will take disciplinary action that may include:
• Informal warning. • Formal notice. • Additional training. • Loss of up to a week's salary. • Suspension of the bond with the employer (without payment of salary), for a minimum period of 1 month up to a maximum of 6 months. • Termination of the employment contract.
I understand that it is my responsibility to avoid actions or behaviors that may be construed as GBV or VAC or violate this Individual Code of Conduct. I hereby acknowledge that I have read the previous Individual Code of Conduct, agree to comply with the standards contained therein, and understand my functions and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and VAC. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Individual Code of Conduct or failure to take the action required by this Individual Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action and may affect my continued employment.
Signature: ______Printed name: ______Title: ______Date: ______
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
Annex XI
Complaints Form
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
Complaints
FORM Date:___/____/___
To be completed by the affected:
Name of the affected person: Telephone Contact: Locality where you live:
DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPLAINT
Signature of the Project Affected Person:
Date:
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Complaints
FORM Date:___/____/___
To be completed by the Environmental Work Manager:
Date of meeting: Participants in the meeting: Date and way of communication to the affected:
Name of Person :______Position: ______Date of Meeting on Grievance: ______People Present at Meeting (see attachment):
Was field verification of complaint conducted? Yes____No____
Findings of field investigation: ______
Summary of Conclusions from the Meeting: ______
Key Issues: ______
Was agreement reached on the issues? Yes_____ No_____ If agreement was reached, detail the agreement below: ______
If agreement was not reached, specify the points of disagreement below and Next Action Step Agreed: ______
Signed (Conciliator): ______Signed (person): ______Signed (Independent Observer): ______Date: ______
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Annex XII
Public Consultation Report
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE– LOT 2
MOCUBELA PEBANE MORRUMBALA
Public consultation Report
February 2021
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR THE INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 4
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 4
3. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS ...... 5
3.1. IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS AND AFFECTED PARTIES ...... 5
3.2. DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ...... 6
3.3. PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS ...... 6
4. SUMMARY OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION HELD ...... 7
5. RECORD OF ISSUES DISCUSSED AT PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS ...... 10
5.1. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONTRIBUTION ...... 10
5.2. MATRICES OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (MQR’S) ...... 11
INDEX OF TABLES
Table 4.1 – Public Consultation Meetings Held ...... 7 Table 5.1 – Q&A Matrix - Mocubela district ...... 13 Table 5.2 – Matriz de Perguntas e Respostas – distrito de Pebane ...... 15 Table 5.3 – Matriz de Perguntas e Respostas – distrito de Morrumbala ...... 16
INDEX OF FIGURES
Figure 4.1 - Photographic Evidence of the Mocubela Meeting ...... 8 Figure 4.2 - Photographic Evidence of the Morrumbala Meeting ...... 9 Figure 4.3 - Photographic Evidence of the Pebane Meeting ...... 10
Annex I - Attendance Sheets
Annex II - Letters Of Invitation Annex III - Leaflet presented at public meetings
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List of abbreviations and acronyms:
ANE – National Highway Administration CP – Public Consultation PI&A’s – Interested and Affected Parties MQR’s - Matrices of questions and answers ONG – Non-Governmental Organization PA – Administrative Post PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan SPA – Provincial Environment Service
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1. INTRODUCTION
The integrated rural road development project in Zambezia province was categorized as C under decree 54/2015 of 31 December.
Under this categorization, the PGAS was held and the public consultation was put in place for the collection of comments and contributions.
This document presents the public consultation report made and includes a description of the comments received, the public meetings held and, in the annex, presents the attendance list and signature of each meeting.
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION
The main objective of the public consultation is to request sensitivities from communities and other Stakeholders and Affected Parties (PI&A's) about the potential impacts of the proposed project on their lives and livelihoods.
The involvement of PI&A's is a right enshrined in national legislation, notably in the Regulation on the Environmental Impact Assessment Process (Decree No. 54/2015) and in the General Directive for Public Participation in the Environmental Impact Assessment Process (Ministerial Diploma 130/2006). The General Directive for the Public Participation Process in the Environmental Impact Assessment Process (Ministerial Diploma 130/2006 of 19 July) was developed to standardize public participation processes. The Ministerial Diploma establishes a five-step public participation process that must be followed:
1. Identification of stakeholders; 2. Dissemination of information; 3. Dialogue with stakeholders; 4. Assimilation of views and concerns; And 5. Return to those interested
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The main objective of the Public Consultation is to listen to the sensitivity of PI&A's on key issues affecting or affecting the project concerned and to ensure that their issues are recorded and considered by the PGAS technical team, giving them the opportunity to comment on the results of the studies. It also allows the establishment of a communication channel between the public and the Consultant, as well as between the public and the ANE, to be used in a comprehensive, open and transparent way.
The PC was carried out with the following main objectives:
• Provide up-to-date information about the project;
• Present the draft PGAS with the potential environmental and socio-economic impacts identified and evaluated, and mitigation, management and monitoring of the proposed measures; And
• Give PI&A's the opportunity to comment on the PGAS results, including impact assessment and identification of mitigation measures, contributing to improving their content and consequently the environmental sustainability of the project.
3. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS
3.1. IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS AND AFFECTED PARTIES
A preliminary list of PI&A's was developed in the initial phase of the project. The key to an effective public participation process is the involvement of stakeholders at all levels, particularly those likely to be affected at local level, i.e. District and local communities within the affected area.
The PI&A's identified were as follows:
• District Government; • Local councils of the Administrative Posts covered by the project; • Villages covered by the project; • Government authorities in the sectors of Environment, Mineral Resources and Energy, Fisheries, Tourism, Public Works and Housing, Agriculture, Labor, etc.
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• NGO's active on site; • NGOs with intervention at the site of project implementation; • Existing tour operators in places of influence and implementation of the project; • Educational and research institutions; • Civil society.
3.2. DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
The documents disclosed for public consultation were drafts of the PGAS reports and a summary leaflet presented in Annex III to this document. All documents were distributed fifteen days before the public consultation meetings, together with the invitation letters. Additional copies of the leaflet were also made available at public consultation meetings.
In addition to providing information on the Proponents, the proposed project, the objectives of the Public Consultation, the main environmental impacts of the project identified and the measures for its mitigation, environmental and social management of the project, the consultant intended with these documents to create a mechanism for collecting questions, comments and suggestions motivating THE PI&A's to participate in the process.
The documents were available for consultation at the head office of the districts involved and were disseminated by whatsapp to key stakeholders.
For the meeting, an invitation letter addressed to the Administrator was sent, and the remaining participants (members of the District Government residing at the head office and the members of the Local Council of the Administrative Posts of the project) were summoned through the Administration itself. In order to ensure broad dissemination of this Project, the Administrator was invited to extend the invitations to include relevant entities at his own discretion, as well as other stakeholders.
3.3. PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS
Stakeholder involvement, including communication with the local community, is a critical part of the environmental licensing process, so meetings were held to ensure that stakeholders' concerns and comments were addressed in the PGAS.
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4. SUMMARY OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION HELD
The table below indicates the public consultation meetings held for pgas.
Table 4.1 – Public Consultation Meetings Held
District Date Time Location Morrumbala 14/01/2021 11:00 District Sessions Outdoor Room Mocubela 14/01/2021 09:00 District Session Room Pebane 14/01/2021 14:00 District Session Room
Public consultation meetings were facilitated by the Consultant. The public consultation team consisted of the PGAS Team (Susana Serra and Bruno Pereira), the Proponent (ANE) and the representative of the SPA - Zambezia Provincial Environmental Service (Fátima Mudanisse). At the beginning of each meeting, participants were registered (attendance lists can be found in Annex I).
In general, at each of the meetings, the Administrator was invited to make the opening and official closing, the Proponents presented ANE and the project description. The consultant then presented the PGAS results (i.e. the summaries of the draft reports), including the public participation process (described in section 2). The leaflet contained in Annex III was distributed.
Following the presentations, question and answer sessions followed to give all participants the opportunity to ask their questions or concerns to the PGAS Team or Proponents and/or share information. Summary minutes of the meetings were made and all the questions raised, as well as their answers, provided by both the PGAS Team and the Proponents, were recorded in tables called the Answer And Questions Matrix (MQR). All matrices are included in the next chapter. Dates and contact details have been provided for sending feedback. Details and photographs of each of the meetings held are presented below.
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Figure 4.1 - Photographic Evidence of the Mocubela Meeting
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Figure 4.2 - Photographic Evidence of the Morrumbala Meeting
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Figure 4.3 - Photographic Evidence of the Pebane Meeting
5. RECORD OF ISSUES DISCUSSED AT PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS
5.1. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONTRIBUTION
Opportunities for PI&A's to provide questions, comments and suggestions have been provided throughout the PGAS process. In particular, the request was made by the consultant in the following phases:
- Distribution of information documents (Leaflet presented in Annex III); - Availability of drafts of PGAS reports;
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- Public Consultation Meetings – verbally or through written comments and comment log sheets distributed during meetings; - Over periods of public consultation - opportunities to comment directly to the consultant (available mobile phone number/Whatsapp and email).
The registration of the questions, contributions or comments of the PI&A's throughout the consultation meetings and the consultation period, as well as the respective responses provided by the EIA Team and the Proponents, were recorded in the MQR's.
It was found that, during the public consultation, women had a smaller participation than that of the male public.
This issue was discussed with local leaders who reported that the women were at work in the machambas and that it would be difficult for them to attend the meetings.
A plan was then made with the local leaders who participated in the meetings so that they could disseminate the information. The leaders took the pamphlets given by the consultant and guaranteed to disseminate the information to women's groups and others who did not attend the public consultation.
5.2. MATRICES OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (MQR’S)
Each of the questions, suggestions, criticisms, concerns, comments and requests for clarification / information submitted by the participants in the public consultation meetings, and the respective answers provided by the consultant and the Proponents, were integrated into MQR's. The MQR for each meeting can be found below.
Overall, the key issues raised by PI&A's refer to:
- Machambas existing in the surroundings of the roads; - Job creation for local communities; - Economic benefits and community development; - Impacts on livelihoods (fisheries and agriculture); - Impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems;
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- Impacts on health and safety; - The implementation of mitigation and management measures (mitigation effectiveness or ability of authorities to monitor).
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Table 5.1 – Q&A Matrix - Mocubela district Name/Organization Comment/Question Answer Anibal Machama – Head He thanked the road construction project especially in the Bajone PA. At this point the project has selected the roads of PA The community is satisfied with the project because Bajone is an area indicated in the leaflet. with fishing and agricultural production. We know the needs of the people and will take into The road from Missal to Mocubela passes through areas of great account in upcoming opportunities. production. Also the roads from Tapata to Idugo Island serves fishing activity. The population would like to be more covered as the road going to Nacuda and from Tapata to Nuibane and to Nagate. There is also a problem of a bridge connecting Nuibane to Nagate that the population would like to see resolved. Vidigal José – Mocubela Thank you for the project. Especially in the areas of Mocubela, Main Village Morramela, Mocumbula. These people are satisfied because they will be served by the project first. Mocubela considers Missau the district provider in terms of crops. The population uses this road to go to the Mass to make purchases and sales. Make the request to cover other roads in the district. Joaquim Guerreira – PA Thanks the work to be done in the communities and asks for the There is no money for compensation for the Namitaga machambas existing in the road area – cashew trees, hoses, cassava, construction of the road. some dwellings. There is a government indication that a 15-metre road safeguard zone should be saved for each side of the road that is not being complied with. The ANE asks the district and local agencies to assist in complying with this rule. Isac Bilale Isac – Head Considers it a good initiative and calls for the project to collaborate We take note and include the suggestion in the of PA Naite with local government. environmental management plan.
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Name/Organization Comment/Question Answer It states that often the contractor hires people who are not good workers. They'd like the mission to hire people to go through the heads of rank. If so, the process will go fast and the machambas will be destroyed without problems. Aburace Saide – What is the period of completion of the work? The project will last for 4 years. 2 years of road Administrator improvement and 2 years of road maintenance. The contract was signed last year, and the mobilization is ongoing. The start of the work will take place after the rainy season. Until the beginning of the works will be built the shipyards and the mobilization of the equipment. Rafique Nazimo What is the plan for the trees that will be destroyed? There is no money for compensation for the construction of the road. There is a government indication that a 15-metre road safeguard zone should be saved for each side of the road that is not being complied with. The ANE asks the district and local agencies to assist in complying with this rule.
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Table 5.2 – Matriz de Perguntas e Respostas – distrito de Pebane Name/Organization Comment/Question Answer Head of post of Naburi Thanks for the project, especially in the PA of Mulela and the The road that passes through Pio Cabral is the explanation of the project. N324. This road is under the scope of work of Naburi followed the presence of technicians doing survey. ANE overall. Draw attention to the nomenclature. On the road to Txalalane comes Therefore, this road will benefit from funding that the starting point is Musseia, but in the chief's understanding the from the Government of Mozambique through starting point is Pio Cabral (2 km more). the road fund. We need these two miles before the population can trade. For this reason, and in order to do not overlap, In Tio Cabral there is a bridge that needs intervention for the the section of this project only begins in population to be able to carry out transactions. Muganha. A cleaning of the 30 kms of the track has already been carried out on We record the problems with the structures and the ground. examine the way of resolution. Draw attention to water treatment. There are several cashew trees in the surrounding area of the road that will be destroyed with the There is no money for compensation for the construction of the road. construction of the road. There was work by the leadership and there were no constraints on There is a government indication that a 15- the land-decing by the population. metre road safeguard zone should be saved for Calls for support on seeds from the project management part for the each side of the road that is not being complied population that will lose the cashew trees. with. The ANE asks the district and local agencies to assist in complying with this rule Head of post of Mulela Thanks to the World Bank for the opportunity because the project will improve the accessibility of agricultural goods and goods and accessibility to health facilities and school network. Regulus of Muganha Thanks for the section between Muganha and Mucucune. At this point the project has selected the roads He regrets that the road stops at Maganha. Thinks the road should be indicated in the leaflet. extended to the health center and fishing area (about 10 km) We know the needs of the people and will take into account in upcoming opportunities.
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Table 5.3 – Matriz de Perguntas e Respostas – distrito de Morrumbala Name/Organization Comment/Question Answer Raimundo Comando – He thanked the Administrator for the invitation. This project will include the roads already Community leader Community happy with the project, which will bring jobs. designed, but the roads that are part of They call on construction officials and community leaders to this circuit, are object for our future repair, be coordinated and united to prevent theft or vandalism. in other projects. The request for the new It calls for an extension to the road in the future in the section and bridge is recorded. sections of Fumocagia to Uaca, such as a bridge over the Muzi River, previously requested. Faustino F. Nacuatiana – Thank the Government and the World Bank. The mainly seasonal workforce will be first Head of locality The community is ready to collaborate with the project in acquired locally if there are the necessary the 42 months of the course. qualifications. They ask for caution with noise and places and times of ANE always recommends that contractors schools and health centers. consult with the local leadership and They're asking for hiring local labor for odd jobs. community. In the local recruitment process, they ask the contractor to contact the local leadership in order to confirm individual suitability. They're calling for coordination with state security to prevent possible riots. They ask the contractor to contact the local leadership on the ongoing section, as there may be graves or spiritual sites or traditional ceremonies. Paulo Cristo – Civil society They ask for attention that after the start of the work the Consultants will work, during the process, contractor respects the defendant in this consultation. with local leaders and Contractors to What method will be used to mitigate the flow of dust to ensure the absence of aspects related to communities? women's violence and accidents at work, requirements of the World Bank.
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Name/Organization Comment/Question Answer Along the sections there are improvements prior to the There is a mandatory code of conduct for project, without having DUAT, will there be any the Contractor and all workers. compensation in these cases? The plan includes the implementation of a In the implementation process, contractors are biased in periodic irrigation system in construction disrespecting social and community customs. It is asked to sites. The shipyard areas will be as far control the possible disrespect during the 42 months. away from schools and hospitals as It is asked that if local labor workers are hired, there is a possible. speed yoted payment of wages. There have already been There is no money for compensation for the delays of several months, creating barriers to the progress construction of the road. of the project. There is a government indication that a 15- metre road safeguard zone should be saved for each side of the road that is not being complied with. ANE asks the district and local agencies to help comply with this rule. To avoid noisy conflicts with the community it will be necessary to have defined hours of work, coordinated with the local leadership. Head of post of Chire Asks for seriousness in the project so that it is durable and saved from diversion and sale of materials. The company must regularly pay local workers, according to contracts. It suggests that the Chire - Chinganhama section should be rehabilitated in the next plans. They are already raising the community's awareness of not producing near the road areas.
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Name/Organization Comment/Question Answer They ask the population to participate in the surveillance of the project. The company must always be in line with local administrative authorities.
Danilo Macuacua When will the Murrubala - Zero section be rehabilitated, much needed for the disposal of goods? On the issue of violence, particularly to children, what measures will be taken to prevent the grooming of children by elements outside the community? António Jordânio Quente – They're waiting for the process to begin. Head of locality of Bolde They call for maintenance of other sections. Asks for hiring of local construction.
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ANNEX I
ATTENDANCE SHEETS
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Annex II
Invitation Letters
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2
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Annex III
Leaflets presented at public meetings
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MOCUBELA
Objectivos do documento
Realização de um Plano de Gestão Ambiental e Social (PGAS) para as Estradas Identificadas na província da Zambézia, de acordo com a categorização efectuada pela Direcção Provincial de Terras, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural.
Os objetivos específicos do PGAS são:
• Avaliar os impactos prováveis positivos e negativos do projeto no ambiente (tanto biofísicos quanto socioeconómicos); • Identificar medidas para mitigar os impactos do projeto no ambiente natural e humano. Descrição do projecto
Reabilitação/melhoria das seguintes estradas:
1. NC Tapata - Travessia da Ilha Idugo (19.4km) 2. NC Tapata - Praia de Naharo/Capitão (14.3km) 3. NC Aeroporto - Tapata - Ibane (23.2km) 4. NC Namitaga - Missal (40.2km) 5. NC Loc. Missal - Aeroporto (22.62km)
As estradas serão construídas em camadas de cascalho com largura padrão de 5 m para esta categoria de estrada com drenos laterais e estruturas de drenagem.
O objetivo do Projeto é melhorar a mobilidade nas áreas que se apresentam na figura seguinte com apoio para a agricultura inclusiva e outros meios de subsistência, garantindo a mobilidade eficiente de pessoas e bens ao longo das redes nacionais integradas.
Como pode participar?
Pode participar neste processo, enviando a sua contribuição de uma das seguintes formas:
• Participando de uma das reuniões de consulta pública que ocorrerão nos distritos e nas localidades abrangidas; • Preenchendo o formulário constante no anexo II; • Enviando um e-mail para [email protected]; • Ligando ou enviando uma mensagem para o número de telefone: 843026106.
As contribuições podem ser em forma de sugestões, preocupações, perguntas ou qualquer outra forma.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 1
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MOCUBELA
Principais problemas e medidas ambientais previstas
Afectação de solos
Em termos de afectação dos solos pelo projecto, os principais problemas que podem ocorrer com a construção de uma via rodoviária, são os que resultam da remoção da camada superficial do solo, da sua compactação e da sua eventual contaminação, podendo todas estas acções ocorrer durante a fase de construção.
Por forma a evitar que os solos de melhor capacidade agrícola sejam afectados, serão restringidas as actividades necessárias à construção, nomeadamente a construção de acessos temporários, circulação de maquinaria e implantação de estaleiros nestes locais, por forma a que estes solos sejam afectados ao mínimo.
Para além disso, os solos sem cobertura devem ser revegetados o mais rapidamente possível, de modo a evitar a sua exposição prolongada aos agentes erosivos. As terras provenientes da decapagem dos solos mais evoluídos deverão ser usadas no revestimento das superfícies de aterro e escavação, aumentando a eficácia das medidas de plantação e
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 2
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MOCUBELA a consolidação necessária dos cortes e aterros, e reduzindo os riscos de erosão hídrica e eólica.
Águas
O principal problema para as águas, durante a fase de construção do projecto, deve-se à libertação de poeiras resultantes da obra, que poderão ser transportadas pelo vento até às linhas de água mais próximas afectando a sua qualidade, e à alteração da drenagem superficial natural.
Durante a fase de exploração, ou seja, quando os automóveis começarem a circular na via, existirão poluentes provenientes dos tubos de escape, dos travões e outros, que se depositarão na estrada e que serão arrastados pelas águas da chuva, podendo ir poluir as linhas de água que são atravessadas pela via.
Qualidade do Ar e Ruído
Durante as fases de construção e exploração e a proximidade do projecto às povoações existentes, prevê-se que exista um aumento do ruído e uma diminuição a qualidade do ar que se prevê vir a ser gerado na zona envolvente às vias rodoviárias e que afectaram sobretudo algumas habitações localizadas na envolvente das vias.
Biodiversidade
Durante a fase de construção, a desmatação e decapagem dos solos vão provocar a destruição da vegetação destes locais, que em alguns casos é ainda bastante natural. Devido a isto, os animais vão ser também bastante afectados, uma vez que é nessas zonas que se abrigam, alimentam e reproduzem.
Para minimizar estes problemas propõe-se que estas acções sejam restringidas às áreas estritamente necessárias para a obra. Os estaleiros e estradas para acesso das máquinas não devem ser construídas próximo de rios ou ribeiras, em carvalhais ou nas zonas referidas anteriormente. Os trabalhadores devem ser devidamente informados de todos estes pormenores, assim como do cuidado que devem ter a manusear substâncias tóxicas, para não poluírem o ambiente envolvente.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 3
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MOCUBELA
As zonas mais sensíveis vão ser também as mais afectadas durante a fase de exploração. A via vai funcionar como uma barreira para os animais, não lhes permitindo movimentarem-se livremente dentro dos seus territórios e migrarem para outros locais. Para além disso, o ruído provocado pelos automóveis e a maior utilização da zona pelas pessoas vai perturbar os animais (incluindo as espécies de caça), afastando-os daí.
Componente Social
Em fase de construção, os impactes decorrentes do projecto são, em geral, negativos e temporários e estão principalmente associados à incomodidade gerada pelas acções de obra. Destas acções salientam-se principalmente alterações ao nível da circulação de tráfego, tendo em conta o corte de estradas nacionais e municipais, ou o aumento da circulação de pesados, e associadas à instalação e funcionamento de equipamentos de obra, donde podem decorrer efeitos directos e indirectos.
Os efeitos podem ser minimizados através da construção de vias alternativas provisórias, ou pelo corte faseado das vias de circulação, bem como pela localização dos estaleiros e centrais de britagem o mais distante possível das habitações, de modo a que as actividades aí desenvolvidas não produzam impactes sobre a qualidade de vida das populações residentes.
As habitações a proteger são todas as que se situam a menos de 150 m da via, sendo que dentre estas assumem maior relevância as localizadas a menos de 50 m.
Já na fase de exploração os impactes negativos que se possam vir a verificar resultam, sobretudo, a um nível muito localizado, em pontos muito próximos à nova via. Os impactes positivos abrangem uma população mais global e referem-se ao desenvolvimento da região e do distrito que poderá surgir com a melhoria das acessibilidades.
Este desenvolvimento resulta sobretudo da maior dinamização ao nível das trocas sociais e comerciais, com possibilidade de maior rentabilização dos recursos locais e de fixação de novas estruturas, com consequências ao nível da melhoria da economia local e da atraccão de população.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 4
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MORRUMBALA
Objectivos do documento
Realização de um Plano de Gestão Ambiental e Social (PGAS) para as Estradas Identificadas na província da Zambézia, de acordo com a categorização efectuada pela Direcção Provincial de Terras, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural.
Os objetivos específicos do PGAS são:
• Avaliar os impactos prováveis positivos e negativos do projeto no ambiente (tanto biofísicos quanto socioeconómicos); • Identificar medidas para mitigar os impactos do projeto no ambiente natural e humano. Descrição do projecto
Reabilitação/melhoria das seguintes estradas:
1. NC Bolde - Abicene (10.71km) 2. NC Nota - Chilomo (14.2km) 3. NC Chire - Tengane (9.93km) 4. NC Murire - Goro sede (40km)
As estradas serão construídas em camadas de cascalho com largura padrão de 5 m para esta categoria de estrada com drenos laterais e estruturas de drenagem.
O objetivo do Projeto é melhorar a mobilidade nas áreas que se apresentam na figura seguinte com apoio para a agricultura inclusiva e outros meios de subsistência, garantindo a mobilidade eficiente de pessoas e bens ao longo das redes nacionais integradas.
Como pode participar?
Pode participar neste processo, enviando a sua contribuição de uma das seguintes formas:
• Participando de uma das reuniões de consulta pública que ocorrerão nos distritos e nas localidades abrangidas; • Preenchendo o formulário constante no anexo II; • Enviando um e-mail para [email protected]; • Ligando ou enviando uma mensagem para o número de telefone: 843026106.
As contribuições podem ser em forma de sugestões, preocupações, perguntas ou qualquer outra forma.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 1
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MORRUMBALA
Principais problemas e medidas ambientais previstas
Afectação de solos
Em termos de afectação dos solos pelo projecto, os principais problemas que podem ocorrer com a construção de uma via rodoviária, são os que resultam da remoção da camada superficial do solo, da sua compactação e da sua eventual contaminação, podendo todas estas acções ocorrer durante a fase de construção.
Por forma a evitar que os solos de melhor capacidade agrícola sejam afectados, serão restringidas as actividades necessárias à construção, nomeadamente a construção de acessos temporários, circulação de maquinaria e implantação de estaleiros nestes locais, por forma a que estes solos sejam afectados ao mínimo.
Para além disso, os solos sem cobertura devem ser revegetados o mais rapidamente possível, de modo a evitar a sua exposição prolongada aos agentes erosivos. As terras provenientes da decapagem dos solos mais evoluídos deverão ser usadas no revestimento
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 2
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MORRUMBALA das superfícies de aterro e escavação, aumentando a eficácia das medidas de plantação e a consolidação necessária dos cortes e aterros, e reduzindo os riscos de erosão hídrica e eólica.
Águas
O principal problema para as águas, durante a fase de construção do projecto, deve-se à libertação de poeiras resultantes da obra, que poderão ser transportadas pelo vento até às linhas de água mais próximas afectando a sua qualidade, e à alteração da drenagem superficial natural.
Durante a fase de exploração, ou seja, quando os automóveis começarem a circular na via, existirão poluentes provenientes dos tubos de escape, dos travões e outros, que se depositarão na estrada e que serão arrastados pelas águas da chuva, podendo ir poluir as linhas de água que são atravessadas pela via.
Qualidade do Ar e Ruído
Durante as fases de construção e exploração e a proximidade do projecto às povoações existentes, prevê-se que exista um aumento do ruído e uma diminuição a qualidade do ar que se prevê vir a ser gerado na zona envolvente às vias rodoviárias e que afectaram sobretudo algumas habitações localizadas na envolvente das vias.
Biodiversidade
Durante a fase de construção, a desmatação e decapagem dos solos vão provocar a destruição da vegetação destes locais, que em alguns casos é ainda bastante natural. Devido a isto, os animais vão ser também bastante afectados, uma vez que é nessas zonas que se abrigam, alimentam e reproduzem.
Para minimizar estes problemas propõe-se que estas acções sejam restringidas às áreas estritamente necessárias para a obra. Os estaleiros e estradas para acesso das máquinas não devem ser construídas próximo de rios ou ribeiras, em carvalhais ou nas zonas referidas anteriormente. Os trabalhadores devem ser devidamente informados de todos estes pormenores, assim como do cuidado que devem ter a manusear substâncias tóxicas, para não poluírem o ambiente envolvente.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 3
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE MORRUMBALA
As zonas mais sensíveis vão ser também as mais afectadas durante a fase de exploração. A via vai funcionar como uma barreira para os animais, não lhes permitindo movimentarem-se livremente dentro dos seus territórios e migrarem para outros locais. Para além disso, o ruído provocado pelos automóveis e a maior utilização da zona pelas pessoas vai perturbar os animais (incluindo as espécies de caça), afastando-os daí.
Componente Social
Em fase de construção, os impactes decorrentes do projecto são, em geral, negativos e temporários e estão principalmente associados à incomodidade gerada pelas acções de obra. Destas acções salientam-se principalmente alterações ao nível da circulação de tráfego, tendo em conta o corte de estradas nacionais e municipais, ou o aumento da circulação de pesados, e associadas à instalação e funcionamento de equipamentos de obra, donde podem decorrer efeitos directos e indirectos.
Os efeitos podem ser minimizados através da construção de vias alternativas provisórias, ou pelo corte faseado das vias de circulação, bem como pela localização dos estaleiros e centrais de britagem o mais distante possível das habitações, de modo a que as actividades aí desenvolvidas não produzam impactes sobre a qualidade de vida das populações residentes.
As habitações a proteger são todas as que se situam a menos de 150 m da via, sendo que dentre estas assumem maior relevância as localizadas a menos de 50 m.
Já na fase de exploração os impactes negativos que se possam vir a verificar resultam, sobretudo, a um nível muito localizado, em pontos muito próximos à nova via. Os impactes positivos abrangem uma população mais global e referem-se ao desenvolvimento da região e do distrito que poderá surgir com a melhoria das acessibilidades.
Este desenvolvimento resulta sobretudo da maior dinamização ao nível das trocas sociais e comerciais, com possibilidade de maior rentabilização dos recursos locais e de fixação de novas estruturas, com consequências ao nível da melhoria da economia local e da atraccão de população.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 4
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE PEBANE
Objectivos do documento
Realização de um Plano de Gestão Ambiental e Social (PGAS) para as Estradas Identificadas na província da Zambézia, de acordo com a categorização efectuada pela Direcção Provincial de Terras, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural.
Os objetivos específicos do PGAS são:
• Avaliar os impactos prováveis positivos e negativos do projeto no ambiente (tanto biofísicos quanto socioeconómicos); • Identificar medidas para mitigar os impactos do projeto no ambiente natural e humano.
Descrição do projecto
Reabilitação/melhoria das seguintes estradas:
1. NC Loc. Mulela - Posto Admin. Mulela (3.05km) 2. NC Alto Muganha - Mucucune (18km) 3. NC Musseia - Loc. Txalalane (30km)
As estradas serão construídas em camadas de cascalho com largura padrão de 5 m para esta categoria de estrada com drenos laterais e estruturas de drenagem.
O objetivo do Projeto é melhorar a mobilidade nas áreas que se apresentam na figura seguinte com apoio para a agricultura inclusiva e outros meios de subsistência, garantindo a mobilidade eficiente de pessoas e bens ao longo das redes nacionais integradas.
Como pode participar?
Pode participar neste processo, enviando a sua contribuição de uma das seguintes formas:
• Participando de uma das reuniões de consulta pública que ocorrerão nos distritos e nas localidades abrangidas; • Preenchendo o formulário constante no anexo II; • Enviando um e-mail para [email protected]; • Ligando ou enviando uma mensagem para o número de telefone: 843026106.
As contribuições podem ser em forma de sugestões, preocupações, perguntas ou qualquer outra forma.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 1
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE PEBANE
Principais problemas e medidas ambientais previstas
Afectação de solos
Em termos de afectação dos solos pelo projecto, os principais problemas que podem ocorrer com a construção de uma via rodoviária, são os que resultam da remoção da camada superficial do solo, da sua compactação e da sua eventual contaminação, podendo todas estas acções ocorrer durante a fase de construção.
Por forma a evitar que os solos de melhor capacidade agrícola sejam afectados, serão restringidas as actividades necessárias à construção, nomeadamente a construção de acessos temporários, circulação de maquinaria e implantação de estaleiros nestes locais, por forma a que estes solos sejam afectados ao mínimo.
Para além disso, os solos sem cobertura devem ser revegetados o mais rapidamente possível, de modo a evitar a sua exposição prolongada aos agentes erosivos. As terras provenientes da decapagem dos solos mais evoluídos deverão ser usadas no revestimento
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 2
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE PEBANE das superfícies de aterro e escavação, aumentando a eficácia das medidas de plantação e a consolidação necessária dos cortes e aterros, e reduzindo os riscos de erosão hídrica e eólica.
Águas
O principal problema para as águas, durante a fase de construção do projecto, deve-se à libertação de poeiras resultantes da obra, que poderão ser transportadas pelo vento até às linhas de água mais próximas afectando a sua qualidade, e à alteração da drenagem superficial natural.
Durante a fase de exploração, ou seja, quando os automóveis começarem a circular na via, existirão poluentes provenientes dos tubos de escape, dos travões e outros, que se depositarão na estrada e que serão arrastados pelas águas da chuva, podendo ir poluir as linhas de água que são atravessadas pela via.
Qualidade do Ar e Ruído
Durante as fases de construção e exploração e a proximidade do projecto às povoações existentes, prevê-se que exista um aumento do ruído e uma diminuição a qualidade do ar que se prevê vir a ser gerado na zona envolvente às vias rodoviárias e que afectaram sobretudo algumas habitações localizadas na envolvente das vias.
Biodiversidade
Durante a fase de construção, a desmatação e decapagem dos solos vão provocar a destruição da vegetação destes locais, que em alguns casos é ainda bastante natural. Devido a isto, os animais vão ser também bastante afectados, uma vez que é nessas zonas que se abrigam, alimentam e reproduzem.
Para minimizar estes problemas propõe-se que estas acções sejam restringidas às áreas estritamente necessárias para a obra. Os estaleiros e estradas para acesso das máquinas não devem ser construídas próximo de rios ou ribeiras, em carvalhais ou nas zonas referidas anteriormente. Os trabalhadores devem ser devidamente informados de todos estes pormenores, assim como do cuidado que devem ter a manusear substâncias tóxicas, para não poluírem o ambiente envolvente.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 3
DOCUMENTO PARA CONSULTA PÚBLICA
PLANO DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E SOCIAL
PLANOS DE GESTÃO PARA O PROJECTO INTEGRADO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRADAS RURAIS NA PROVINCIA DA ZAMBEZIA – LOTE 2 – DISTRITO DE PEBANE
As zonas mais sensíveis vão ser também as mais afectadas durante a fase de exploração. A via vai funcionar como uma barreira para os animais, não lhes permitindo movimentarem-se livremente dentro dos seus territórios e migrarem para outros locais. Para além disso, o ruído provocado pelos automóveis e a maior utilização da zona pelas pessoas vai perturbar os animais (incluindo as espécies de caça), afastando-os daí.
Componente Social
Em fase de construção, os impactes decorrentes do projecto são, em geral, negativos e temporários e estão principalmente associados à incomodidade gerada pelas acções de obra. Destas acções salientam-se principalmente alterações ao nível da circulação de tráfego, tendo em conta o corte de estradas nacionais e municipais, ou o aumento da circulação de pesados, e associadas à instalação e funcionamento de equipamentos de obra, donde podem decorrer efeitos directos e indirectos.
Os efeitos podem ser minimizados através da construção de vias alternativas provisórias, ou pelo corte faseado das vias de circulação, bem como pela localização dos estaleiros e centrais de britagem o mais distante possível das habitações, de modo a que as actividades aí desenvolvidas não produzam impactes sobre a qualidade de vida das populações residentes.
As habitações a proteger são todas as que se situam a menos de 150 m da via, sendo que dentre estas assumem maior relevância as localizadas a menos de 50 m.
Já na fase de exploração os impactes negativos que se possam vir a verificar resultam, sobretudo, a um nível muito localizado, em pontos muito próximos à nova via. Os impactes positivos abrangem uma população mais global e referem-se ao desenvolvimento da região e do distrito que poderá surgir com a melhoria das acessibilidades.
Este desenvolvimento resulta sobretudo da maior dinamização ao nível das trocas sociais e comerciais, com possibilidade de maior rentabilização dos recursos locais e de fixação de novas estruturas, com consequências ao nível da melhoria da economia local e da atraccão de população.
PGAS – Planos de gestão para o projecto integrado de desenvolvimento de estradas rurais na província da Zambezia – Lote 2 4
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTEGRATE FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS FOR ZAMBÉZIA PROVINCE – LOT 2
Annex XIII
AIA Consultant Certificate
PGAS – Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Integrate FEEDER Roads Development Projects for Zambézia Province – Lot 2