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Winter 2018 Full Issue the an Val War College Naval War College Review Volume 71 Article 12 Number 1 Winter 2018 2018 Winter 2018 Full Issue The aN val War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation College, The aN val War (2018) "Winter 2018 Full Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 71 : No. 1 , Article 12. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol71/iss1/12 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. College: Winter 2018 Full Issue Winter 2018 Volume 71, Number 1 Winter 2018 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2018 1 7085_Winter2018Review.indd 1 10/31/17 9:42 AM Naval War College Review, Vol. 71 [2018], No. 1, Art. 12 Cover USS Harnett County, shown just before departure for Vietnam in 1966, is now BRP Sierra Madre. The dilapidated former U.S. tank landing ship is currently “on station” in the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea—aground on Ayungin, or Second Thomas, Shoal. Philippine marines stationed aboard the ship maintain a maritime presence to bolster their country’s claim to the disputed area, also claimed to varying degrees by China, Vietnam, and Malaysia. In this issue, in “Getting Serious about Strategy in the South China Sea,” authors Hal Brands and Zack Cooper analyze the four basic strategic options by which the United States might respond to China’s mode of advancing its interests in this area of contrasting and conflicting claims, capa- bilities, methods, and values. Credit: United States Naval Institute https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol71/iss1/12 2 7085_Winter2018Review.indd 2 10/31/17 9:42 AM College: Winter 2018 Full Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Winter 2018 Volume 71, Number 1 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2018 3 7100_FrontMatter.indd 1 11/7/17 12:33 PM Naval War College Review, Vol. 71 [2018], No. 1, Art. 12 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. Jeffrey A. Harley, USN Seth Cropsey PROVOST Jeffrey Kline Dr. Lewis M. Duncan Gale A. Mattox Capt. Robert C. Rubel, USN (Ret.) DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Robert A. Silano Thomas J. Culora Marin Strmecki NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS Dov S. Zakheim Carnes Lord, Editor Robert Ayer, Managing Editor NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW EDITORIAL BOARD Kate Acosta, Associate Editor Donald Chisholm Timothy J. Demy and Brad Carter, Book Review Stephen Downes-Martin Editors Andrew S. Erickson Lori A. Almeida, Administrative Assistant and Col. Theodore L. Gatchel, USMC (Ret.) Circulation Manager Cdr. Sean Henseler, USN (Ret.) Frank Uhlig Jr., Editor Emeritus Cdr. James Kraska, USN (Ret.) Capt. Thomas Mangold, USN (Ret.) Naval War College Review John Maurer Code 32, Naval War College Col. Mackubin Owens, USMC (Ret.) 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207 Capt. Derek S. Reveron, USNR Fax: 401.841.1071 Capt. Peter M. Swartz, USN (Ret.) DSN exchange, all lines: 841 Capt. Sam Tangredi, USN (Ret.) Website: www.usnwc.edu/Publications/ Scott C. Truver Naval-War-College-Press James J. Wirtz http://twitter.com/NavalWarCollege Editor, Circulation, or Business 401.841.2236 [email protected] Managing Editor 401.841.4552 [email protected] Book Reviews [email protected] Other Naval War College Offices 401.841.3089 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol71/iss1/12 4 Winter2018Review.indb 2 11/1/17 9:56 AM College: Winter 2018 Full Issue The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 as a forum for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime services. The thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the Naval War College. The journal is published quarterly. Distribution is limited generally to commands and activities of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard; regular and reserve officers of U.S. services; foreign officers and civilians having a present or previous affiliation with the Naval War College; selected U.S. government officials and agencies; and selected U.S. and international libraries, research centers, publica- tions, and educational institutions. Contributors Please request the standard contributors’ guidance from the managing editor or access it online before submitting manuscripts. The Naval War College Review nei- ther offers nor makes compensation for articles or book reviews, and it assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts, although every effort is made to return those not accepted. In submitting work, the sender warrants that it is original, that it is the sender’s property, and that neither it nor a similar work by the sender has been accepted or is under consideration elsewhere. Permissions Reproduction and reprinting are subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and appli- cable treaties of the United States. To obtain permission to reproduce material bearing a copyright notice, or to reproduce any material for commercial pur- poses, contact the editor for each use. Material not bearing a copyright notice may be freely reproduced for academic or other noncommercial use; however, it is requested that the author and Naval War College Review be credited and that the editor be informed. Periodicals postage paid at Newport, RI. POSTMASTERS, send address changes to: Naval War College Review, Code 32S, Naval War College, 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207. ISSN 0028-1484 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2018 5 Winter2018Review.indb 3 11/1/17 9:56 AM Naval War College Review, Vol. 71 [2018], No. 1, Art. 12 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol71/iss1/12 6 7100_FrontMatter.indd 4 11/7/17 12:33 PM College: Winter 2018 Full Issue CONTENTS From the Editors . 5 President’s Forum . 9 Strategy and Policy Getting Serious about Strategy in the South China Sea . 13 Hal Brands and Zack Cooper As Chinese advances in the South China Sea accumulate and the situation reaches a critical stage, the United States has four basic options for filling the strategy vacuum. Antiaccess Warfare as Strategy From Campaign Analyses to Assessment of Extrinsic Events . 33 Sam J. Tangredi Countering antiaccess warfare as a peacetime strategy requires an intragovernmental approach. Maritime Strategy Riverine Warfare Exploiting a Vital Maneuver Space . 53 Kevin Rowlands Global strategic trends place riverine systems at the forefront of likely zones of conflict. Prudence requires possession of the military ability to operate and maneuver effectively in such areas. Operational Assessment The Aircraft Carrier in Indian Naval Doctrine Assessing the Likely Usefulness of the Flattop in an Indo-Pakistani War Scenario . 71 Ben Wan Beng Ho The utility and survivability of India’s much-vaunted carrier force could be severely limited during a war with a near-peer adversary such as Pakistan; India should evaluate the issue and consider measures to address it. Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2018 7 7089_TOC.indd 1 11/2/17 10:17 AM 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGENaval REVIEW War College Review, Vol. 71 [2018], No. 1, Art. 12 Naval History From a Prestige Fleet to the Jeune École French Naval Policy and Strategy under the Second Empire and the Early Third Republic (1852–1914) . 93 Hugues Canuel Both the Second Empire and Jeune École approaches to building a fleet failed, leaving France in a difficult position on the eve of the First World War. Sea Power in the Peloponnesian War . 119 John Nash Conventional views of the Peloponnesian War see sea power as relevant to only one side, but ex- amining the full range of maritime operations provides a better picture of the war’s truly maritime nature. Commentary Command and Control during the “Perfect Storm”: Hurricane Irma and the Ensuing Natural Disasters during September 2017 within Region 9, Marine Corps Embassy Security Group . 140 Joseph E. Galvin Review Essays The Netherworld of Geopolitics . 147 The Demon of Geopolitics: How Karl Haushofer “Educated” Hitler and Hess, by Holger H. Herwig reviewed by George Michael The United States, China, and Thucydides’s Many, Many Traps . 152 Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides’s Trap? by Graham Allison reviewed by Karl F. Walling Book Reviews Japan’s Security Renaissance: New Policies and Politics for the Twenty-First Century, by Andrew L. Oros reviewed by John Bradford and Matt Noland . 159 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol71/iss1/12 8 7089_TOC.indd 2 11/2/17 10:17 AM College: Winter 2018 Full Issue CONTENTS 3 The Field of Fight: How We Can Win the Global War against Radical Islam and Its Allies, by Michael T. Flynn and Michael Ledeen reviewed by David T. Burbach. 161 Designing Gotham: West Point Engineers and the Rise of Modern New York, 1817–1898, by Jon Scott Logel reviewed by Kevin J. Delamer . 163 Duel au large: La guerre de Sécession devant Cherbourg (19 juin 1864); Enquête et récit, by Jacky Desquesnes reviewed by John B. Hattendorf . 164 NATO and the North Atlantic: Revitalising Collective Defence, ed. John Andreas Olsen reviewed by Gjert Lage Dyndal . 165 The Leader’s Bookshelf, by Admiral James Stavridis, USN (Ret.), and R. Manning Ancell reviewed by John J. Salesses . 166 A Tale of Two Navies: Geopolitics, Technology, and Strategy in the United States Navy and the Royal Navy, 1960–2015, by Anthony R.
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