SFG3641 V2

Government of Pakistan Ministry of Water and Power Public Disclosure Authorized National Transmission Modernization I Project Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station Public Disclosure Authorized National Transmission & Despatch Company (NTDC) September 2017 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 6 1.1 Description of Overall Project and Its Components ...... 6 1.2 The Proposed Subproject ...... 7 1.3 Environmental and Social Assessment of the Subproject ...... 7 1.4 ESIA Study Methodology ...... 7 1.5 Contents of the ESIA Report ...... 8 2 Policy and Regulatory Framework ...... 9 2.1 Applicable Legislation and Policies in Pakistan ...... 9 KP Environmental Protection Act 2014 ...... 9 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Review of IEE & EIA) Regulations, 2000 ...... 10 Environmental Regulatory Authorities...... 10 Land Acquisition Act 1894 ...... 10 Telegraph Act, 1885 ...... 10 Other Important Environmental and Social Legislations in Pakistan ...... 11 Gaps and Effectiveness of Regulatory Process ...... 13 2.2 International Treaties signed by Pakistan ...... 14 2.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies...... 14 Applicable World Bank Policies to the Project ...... 15 2.4 Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines ...... 16 2.5 Compliance Status with Pakistan and World Bank Requirements ...... 18 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 19 3.1 Description of Nowshera Subproject ...... 19 3.2 Description of the Converter Station Equipment ...... 20 3.3 Description of the Grid Station Equipment ...... 21 Control Building ...... 22 3.4 Other General Facilities in the Converter and Grid Stations ...... 22 3.5 Transmission Line Facilities ...... 23 3.6 Contractors Facilities ...... 24 Construction Activities ...... 24 Operation ...... 25 Decommissioning ...... 26 3.7 Analysis of Alternatives for Siting of the Nowshera Subproject ...... 26 3.8 Implementation Schedule ...... 27 4 Baseline Environment ...... 28 4.1 Physical Environment ...... 28 Project Influence Area ...... 28 Physiography and Land Use ...... 29 Climate ...... 29 Hydrology ...... 32 Geology ...... 33 4.2 Chemical Environment ...... 33 Air and Noise Quality ...... 33 Groundwater Quality ...... 34 4.3 Biological Environment ...... 35 General Ecosystem ...... 35 Flora ...... 35 Fauna ...... 35

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station i Birds ...... 35 4.4 Socio-Economic Baseline ...... 37 Administrative Setup ...... 37 Population and Demography ...... 37 Occupation, Income and Expenditure ...... 37 Access to Infrastructure ...... 38 Role of Women...... 38 5 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 39 5.1 Impact Assessment Methodology ...... 39 5.2 Environmental Considerations during Project Design ...... 44 Audible Noise Generated from the Equipment ...... 44 Exposure to EMF and Radio Interferences ...... 45 Safe Drinking Water, Sanitation and Drainage Facilities ...... 45 Risk of Oil Spills and Leaks from Transformers and Reactors ...... 46 5.3 Social Impacts from Project Siting ...... 46 Land Acquisition and Resettlement from the Converter and Grid Stations Site . 46 Impact on income and livelihood sources and vulnerable households ...... 46 Impact on agricultural land from transmission lines and towers ...... 46 5.4 Environmental Impacts from Construction ...... 47 Risk of Soil and Water Pollution from Construction Works ...... 47 Dust and Noise from Construction Activities ...... 47 Waste generation and disposal ...... 48 Procurement of Quarry Material ...... 49 5.5 Social Impacts from Construction ...... 49 Community Health and Safety ...... 49 Workers health and safety ...... 50 Employment opportunities for local communities ...... 50 Security Concerns for Foreign Workers ...... 50 5.6 Environmental Impacts from O&M ...... 50 Improved power supply in Peshawar and nearby load centers ...... 50 Risk of Bird Collision and Electrocution with the Transmission Line and Towers 51 Generation of Waste ...... 52 Impact on soil and groundwater quality ...... 52 5.7 Social Impacts from O&M ...... 53 Workers health and safety ...... 53 Community health and safety near converter and grid stations ...... 53 5.8 Cumulative Impacts ...... 53 6 Environmental Management Plans ...... 55 6.1 Inclusion of Relevant Components of ESMP into Detailed Design ...... 55 6.2 Inclusion of Relevant Components of ESMP in Contract Documents ...... 55 6.3 Institutional Arrangements ...... 55 Project Management Unit ...... 55 Construction Supervision Consultant ...... 56 Contractors ...... 57 External Monitoring and Evaluation Consultants ...... 57 Capacity of NTDC’s ESIC on EMP Implementation ...... 58 6.4 Environmental and Social Management ...... 59 Environmental and Social Mitigation in Design ...... 59 Environmental Codes of Practice for Construction ...... 59 Mitigations and Compliance Monitoring Plans ...... 60 Construction Stage Site Specific Management Plans ...... 60

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station ii 6.5 Monitoring Program ...... 65 Compliance Monitoring ...... 65 Effects Monitoring ...... 65 6.6 Performance Indicators ...... 67 6.7 Non Compliances by the Contractors ...... 68 6.8 Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 68 Grievance Redress Committee ...... 68 Compliant Filing ...... 69 6.9 Capacity Building ...... 70 6.10 Documentation ...... 71 6.11 EMP Implementation Cost ...... 71 7 Consultations and Disclosure ...... 73 7.1 Consultation Meetings ...... 73 7.2 Consultations Feedback ...... 74 7.3 Framework for Future Consultations ...... 76 7.4 Access to Information ...... 76 ANNEX 1: Environmental Code of Practices ...... 77 ANNEX 2: Chance Find Procedures of Physical and Cultural Resources ...... 94 ANNEX 3: Satellite Maps of the Proposed 9 km long 500 kV Transmission Line ...... 95 ANNEX 4: Air, Noise and Groundwater Quality ...... 99 ANNEX 5: List of Birds in the Project Area ...... 108 ANNEX 6: Standard Operating Practices of NTDC on Workers Health and Safety ...... 111 ANNEX 7: Consultation Record ...... 113

List of Tables Table 2.1: Other Relevant Legislation of Pakistan ...... 12 Table 2.2: Triggering the World Bank Policies for the Project ...... 16 Table 2.3: Compliance of the Project with GOP Legislation and World Bank Safeguard Policies .. 18 Table 3.1: Typical Converter Station Components and their Functions...... 21 Table 3.2: Typical Grid Station Components and their Functions ...... 21 Table 3.3: Typical General Facilities in the Converter and Grid Stations ...... 22 Table 3.4: Tower Locations of 500 kV line ...... 24 Table 3.5: Comparison of Various Sites for Converter and Grid Stations ...... 26 Table 4.1: Air Quality Data at Nowshera Subproject ...... 34 Table 4.2: Noise Quality Data at Nowshera Subproject ...... 34 Table 4.3: Groundwater Quality in the Nowshera Subproject ...... 35 Table 4.4: Occupations of Surveyed Households ...... 38 Table 4.5: Income Levels of Surveyed Households ...... 38 Table 5.1: Parameters for Determining Magnitude ...... 39 Table 5.2: Criteria for Determining Sensitivity ...... 40 Table 5.3: Significance of Impact Criteria...... 40 Table 5.4: Potential impacts, their significance and Mitigation measures ...... 41 Table 5.5: Noise levels from the converter and grid stations equipment ...... 44 Table 5.6: Standards for Noise ...... 44 Table 5.7: Standards for EMF Exposure ...... 45 Table 5.8: Details of Affected Households from Transmission Line ...... 47 Table 5.9: Estimated Noise Levels During Construction ...... 48 Table 5.10: Wingspans of large birds on Indus flyway ...... 51 Table 6.1: Roles and Responsibilities for ESMP Implementation ...... 57 Table 6.2: Mitigation and Compliance Monitoring Plan ...... 61 Table 6.3: Effects Monitoring Plan ...... 65

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station iii Table 6.4: Grievance Redressal Process ...... 69 Table 6.5: Environmental and Social Trainings...... 70 Table 6.6: Budget for Implementation of EMP ...... 71 Table 7.1: Details of stakeholders ...... 73 Table 7.2: Details of Consultation Meetings ...... 73 Table 7.3: Details of Community Consultation Meetings ...... 74 Table 7.4: Feedback from Consultations ...... 74 Table 7.5: Consultation Framework ...... 76

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Location of Proposed Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station ...... 8 Figure 2.1: Process of obtaining Clearance certificate from EPA ...... 11 Figure 3.1: Proposed Facilities in the Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station ...... 20 Figure 3.2: Typical Layout of HVDC Converter Station ...... 20 Figure 3.3: Typical 500 kV Grid Station ...... 22 Figure 3.4: Proposed 500 kV Transmission Line Alignment ...... 23 Figure 4.1: Influence Area of Nowshera Subproject ...... 28 Figure 4.2: Land Use Map of the Nowshera Subproject Influence Area ...... 30 Figure 4.3: Photographs of the Project Area ...... 31 Figure 4.4: Monthly Temperature at Nowshera ...... 32 Figure 4.5: Average Monthly Rainfall at Nowshera ...... 32 Figure 4.6: Locations of air, noise and water quality sampling sites ...... 33 Figure 6.1: Organogram for Environmental and Social Management of the Project ...... 56

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station iv List of Acronyms AC Alternating Current BP Bank Procedure CASA 1000 Central Asia – South Asia Transmission Interconnection Project CSC Construction Supervision Consultant DC Direct Current DHP Dasu Hydropower Project ECA Employment of Child Act ECPs Environmental Code of Practices EHS Environment, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environment Protection Agency ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESIC Environmental and Social Impact Cell ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FRAEA Filing, Review and Approval of Environmental Assessments (1997) GoP Government of Pakistan GRC Grievance Redressal Committee GRM Grievance Redressal Mechanism Ha Hectare HVDC High-Voltage Direct Current HVAC High-Voltage Alternating Current ICT Information, Communication and Technology ILO International Labour Organisation kV Kilovolts LAC Land Acquisition Committee MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets MW Megawatts NTDC National Transmission and Despatch Company NTMP-I National Transmission Modernization I Project NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards OHS Occupational Health and Safety OP Operational Policy PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 PPE Personal Protective Equipment PMU Project Management Unit RAP Resettlement Action Plan SOPs Standard Operating Practices TA Technical Assistance WAPDA Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority WB World Bank

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The National Transmission Modernization I Project (NTMP-I) or the Project) is the proposed Project by the Government of Pakistan (GoP) to increase the availability, reliability and efficiency of selected segments of the national transmission system in Pakistan. National Transmission and Despatch Company (NTDC) is the executing agency of the Project for which the GoP has applied for a loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, the World Bank). One of the component of the Project includes investments to develop key power grid stations essential for delivery of power to load centers in Pakistan. These include development of a 1300 MW converter station and a 500/220 kV grid station, known as ‘Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station’ at 15 km west of Nowshera in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Province. Description of Nowshera Converter and Grid Station The proposed ‘Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station’ (herein after referred as ‘Nowshera Subproject’ or ‘Nowshera converter and grid stations’) will be constructed in Azakhel Bala village of Nowshera District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The facilities to be developed in Nowshera subproject are: 1. 1300 MW HVDC converter station in Azakhel Bala village to receive power from CASA-1000 through 500 kV DC transmission line, and conversion it in to alternating current. Development of 500 kV DC transmission line is not in the scope of the Nowshera subproject and it is covered in CASA 1000 project, which is also funded by the World Bank. 2. A 500/220 kV grid station adjacent to the above converter station for further dispersal of 1300 MW to the national grid. The grid station will also be interconnected to the following existing transmission line system:

o 500 kV double circuit ‘Tarbela Hydropower Station – Peshawar Substation’ through a 9 km long 500 kV double circuit transmission line (construction of this 9km transmission line is also covered under Nowshera subproject)

o 220 kV double circuit ‘Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Station to Shahibagh Substation’ (this line is passing trough the proposed converter and grid stations site) The converter and grid stations will be built in an area of 145 acres (about 59 ha), which is currently under agriculture use, and the 9 km transmission lines associated with the grid station will also be built in agriculture land. The right of way of the transmission line is 50 m and the total area required for this right of way is about 110 acres (about 45 ha). No additional land will be required for the 220 kV line since it is already passing through the converter and grid stations site. Typical facilities to be built at the converter and grid stations will include: (i) converter station facilities such as circuit breakers, DC and AC filters, converter transformers, control valves, reactors, etc., (ii) grid station facilities such as transformers, circuit breakers, feeder bays, bus bars, etc., (iii) control and administrative buildings; (iii) infrastructure facilities such as fencing/boundary wall, internal roads and drains; (iv) residential colony for 100 families and (v) water supply and sanitation facilities. Construction of 9 km long 500 kV transmission line will include erection of 28 towers (8 angle and 20 suspension) and stringing of double circuit conductors. All the facilities in Nowshera subproject will be designed, manufactured, tested, supplied, installed and commissioned by the contractor. The electromagnetic fields, acoustic noise and radio interference levels generated from the equipment in the converter and grid station will comply with the applicable national and international standards at the offices and residential buildings and at the periphery of the station. The contractor’s facilities including construction camps and offices, yards, and storage areas will be built within the proposed converter and grid stations site.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 1 Environmental Assessment NTDC has prepared this Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of the Nowshera subproject to (i) ensure all relevant environmental issues will be mainstreamed into the design and implementation and (ii) ensure compliance of the subproject with applicable provincial and national legislations, and World Bank safeguard requirements. Policy and Regulatory Framework The KP Environmental Protection Act of 2014 and Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Regulations 2000 are the main relevant legislations for this subproject. In accordance with these legislations, the development of a subproject will require an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for clearance from the provincial Environmental Protection Agency before commencing its implementation. Among the World Bank Safeguards, Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 Environmental Assessment and OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement are triggered. This subproject falls into Category B since most of these impacts are site specific and can be mitigated with standard mitigation measures. ESIA and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) reports have been prepared for this subproject in compliance with these policies. Environmental Baseline Footprints of the proposed subproject are located in an agricultural land. The subproject and its surrounding areas are located in a heavily modified habitat influenced by human activities such as agricultural, residential and industrial development and hence ecologically no sensitive areas are found. National Highway 5 is located on the northern side of the subproject area and a major provincial road (Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road) is located abutting the proposed converter and grid station on the south-eastern side. The station is surrounded by cultivated lands on the eastern, northern and western sides; and by brick kilns on the southern side. The nearest residential buildings are located about 800 m away from the northeastern side of the station. In general, the climate of the area is monsoonal of rainy hot summers and cold winters. November to March are the coldest months with the minimum temperatures ranges from 2 to 10°C, May to August are hottest months with maximum temperature varying from 36 to 42°C. The average annual rainfall is 532 mm with most of the rainfall occurring in the months of July and August. Groundwater is extensively used for drinking and irrigation purposes. Groundwater quality is generally potable with total dissolved solids of 365 mg/L. Ambient air quality and noise quality is also good and comply with the national standards. Socioeconomic Baseline The proposed converter and grid stations are located in Azakhel Bala village and the proposed transmission line passes through villages of Aman Kot, Pashtun Gari, Pabbi, Dagi Qadeem, Dagi Jadeed and Azakhel Bala. Azakhel Bala with a population of around 5000 is the major village in the subproject area and it has access to schools, hospital and basic infrastructure facilities like roads, electricity water supply and drainage. The converter and grid stations area is owned by 51 households and the right of the way under the transmission line owned by 117 households. All owners of these households live in nearby villages and no residences are located within the affected areas. Socioeconomic surveys were carried out from 41 households located around the project sites. Ethnically these people are Pashtuns and Pashto is their language. The average household size is 6.5 persons. Male population is 48% and female population is 52%. About 45 percent of the heads of the households are literate. Farming is the major source of income for 65% of households. Wheat and vegetables are the major crop growing in the area. Majority of the households (29%) have a monthly income of PKR 22,860 (USD 217), while 17% of the households have a monthly income of less than PKR 10,000 (USD 95).

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 2 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts Potential environmental and social impacts of the subproject due its siting and during construction and operational stages along with mitigation measures are summarized in the following table. Environmental Code of Practices (ECPs) have been prepared to address all potential construction related impacts and given in Annex 1. Potential impacts of the subproject and mitigation measures

Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measure Environmental Considerations during Project Design Audible noise will be generated by most of Contractor will design (i) equipment that converter equipment during operation, and also generate low sound levels, (ii) equipment layout from the transmission lines. to minimize the acoustic noise and (iii) acoustic barriers (walls or enclosures) wherever necessary to maintain noise levels that comply with national standards at offices, and residential colony and at periphery of the station. Exposure to Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF) and WHO endorsed standards on EMF will be radio interferences from the converter and grid complied through design considerations. These station equipment and the power lines (EMFs will include adequate spacing between the affect the health and radio interferences will equipment and fencing/boundary wall or right of affect the telecommunications). way. International standards on radio interferences will also be complied with. Safe drinking and sanitation facilities to the offices Contractor will design (i) water supply facilities and colony, firefighting and cooling, and storm including facilities for firefighting and cooling, (ii) water design drainage facilities in the converter sanitation facilities with septic tanks, and (iii) and grid stations. Improper design of these storm water management facilities with facilities pose risk to workers’ health and safety. sedimentation ponds and connecting them to local streams. Oil spills and leaks from the transformers and Contractor will design (i) oil containment and reactors (these spills have potential to recuperation systems around all transformers contaminate soil and water resources) and oil-filled reactors and (ii) storm water management facilities with sedimentation ponds and connecting it to natural drainage. Social Impacts due to Project Siting Land Acquisition and Resettlement of 51 land Cash compensation at market rates and owners and 8 share croppers (total affected replacement cost for land, structures, wells and households are 59 and affected people are 354) trees as per RAP. from the converter and grid stations [the losses are: 145 acres of agriculture land including a peach orchard (with 128 peach trees) 15 structures (7 cattle sheds/ 8 pump houses), 8 tube wells, 17 fig trees and 357 wood trees] Impact on income and livelihood sources of Additional cash compensation and livelihood converter and grid station affected households (11 assistance as per RAP households with complete loss of land and 15 poor households)

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 3 Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measure Impact on agriculture land of 18 acres (from 29 Cash compensation for crops (two seasons) and households) from transmission line towers and trees at market rates. other 92 acres (from 88 households) from right of way of transmission line (total affected households are 117 and affected people are 753) and 93 wood trees. Environmental Impacts during Construction Stage Risk of soil and water pollution from construction Implementation of pollution control measures as activities specified in ECPs. Dust and noise from construction activities and Maintenance of construction equipment and construction traffic vehicles; and implementation of ECPs Waste generation and disposal (materials and Proper collection and disposal of waste in the solid waste) nearby municipal waste disposal facilities at Nowshera Procurement of quarry material Procurement from existing government approved sources Social Impacts during construction stage Community health and safety (traffic related Traffic, noise and dust control measures in issues; dust and noise from construction, etc.) accordance with ECPs Workers health and safety (risk associated with Occupational health and safety measures; and working at height and electrical equipment; and adequate facilities in the construction camps in inadequate facilities in construction camps) accordance with ECPs. Security concerns for the foreign workers NTDC will deploy Frontier Corps of Pakistan and its own security staff for security of foreigners Employment opportunities for local communities Preference to the local communities in the construction works Environmental impacts during operation and maintenance stage Improved power supply in Peshawar and nearby Adequate maintenance of the facilities in load centers in the country during summer accordance with the standard operating months of May to September practices of NTDC Risk of bird collision and electrocution from the Insulation of exposed parts of the tower transmission line structure Generation of wastes Material management and waste management Impact on soil and groundwater quality Regular maintenance of oil containment facilities and monitoring; and also storm water drainage facilities. Social impacts during operation and maintenance stage Workers health and safety Implementation of Standard operating procedures (SOPs) of NTDC Community health and safety Regular maintenance of water supply and sanitation facilities in the residential colony. Safety barriers and signage to avoid electrocution.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 4 Environmental and Social Management Plan An Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been prepared and will be included in the contractor’s bid documents along with ECPs. The Project Management Unit (PMU) of Dasu Transmission Line Project of NTDC will be responsible for implementation of the Project. The PMU included an Environmental and Social Impact Cell (ESIC) with environmental and social staff and will employ additional staff for NTMP1, who will be responsible for overall supervision of implementation of ESMP and RAP. NTDC will also establish a project level Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) based on its existing institutional mechanism. The total budget for ESMP implementation of the subproject is USD 0.8 million and RAP implementation is USD 11.22 million. Consultation and Disclosure Consultations were held with the affected communities through 13 small group meetings (including two women only meetings) during preparation of ESIA and RAP. A public consultation was conducted on 21 September 2017 to share the results of ESIA and RAP with the local communities for their feedback and comments. The ESIA and RAP reports were disclosed in NTDC websites prior to this public consultation, and will also be sent to World Bank InfoShop. The executive summary of the ESIA and RAP were translated in to Pashto and were disclosed in NTDC website and made available to the local communities.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 5 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Description of Overall Project and Its Components The National Transmission Modernization I Project (the Project or NTMP-I) is the proposed Project by the Government of Pakistan (GoP) to increase the availability, reliability and efficiency of selected segments of the national transmission system in Pakistan. National Transmission and Despatch Company (NTDC) is the executing agency of the Project for which the GoP has applied for a loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, the World Bank). The Project will invest in high-priority transmission infrastructure, information communication technology (ICT) and technical assistance (TA). Infrastructure investments would be either transmission lines, transmission substations or a combination of the two. The Project will create new assets or rehabilitate existing parts of the system. The subprojects would be selected based on system planning conducted by NTDC that identifies the highest priority improvements. The ICT investment would support better corporate and operations management, while the TA would enable NTDC to implement the project. The project is envisaged to consist of three components as described below. • Component A: Upgrading and Expanding of the Transmission Network. The component would include (a) upgrading, expanding and rehabilitating of selected existing 500 and 220 kV power substations and associated lines; and (b) constructing of new 765 kV, 500 and 220 kV substations and transmission lines. • Component B: Deployment of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) for NTDC. The component includes implementation of the information and communication (ICT) infrastructure modernization phase for NTDC, followed by development and deployment of an ERP system aimed at strengthening the company’s management capabilities through the use of an integrated ICT system to facilitate its financial, human resources management, inventory and asset management, and metering data management. The component includes the procurement of software licenses, hardware and consulting services for implementation support, change management and ICT capacity building and strategic sourcing to ensure the sustainability of the ERP system. • Component C: Project Management, Technical Assistance, and Capacity Building. The component includes (a) a project implementation support consultant; and (b) capacity building program for NTDC to plan, invest and operate the upgraded national transmission grid.

Component A is based on a framework approach. The proposed subprojects will be prepared and implemented in two groups. Group 1 include all the subprojects that are given highest priority, have completed pre-feasibility studies and required safeguards documentation. Subprojects in Group 1 will be appraised by the WB during preparation and the bidding documents for goods and works will be ready by the time of the loan’s negotiations. Group 2 consists of the remaining potential subprojects. Each subproject brought forward for financing will be appraised when the pre-feasibility study, economic analysis, and safeguards plans have been prepared. Financing for each subproject will be made available when appraisal has been completed satisfactorily, on first come first appraised basis until all funds allocated to the component have been committed.

Component A of the Project include development of a 1300 MW converter station and a 500/220 kV grid station, known as ‘Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station’ (herein after referred as ‘Nowshera Subproject’ or “Nowshera Converter and Grid Stations’) at about 15 km west of Nowshera and about 30 km east of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Province. This Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESIA) presents the environmental assessment of the proposed Nowshera

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 6 subproject. A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has also been prepared for this subproject and is presented in a separate cover. 1.2 The Proposed Subproject The central Asian Countries of Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan have significant hydropower potential and about 1300 MW of surplus electricity in the summer months of May to September, which if imported, may ease the electricity deficit of Pakistan during the summer season at least. The Government of Pakistan with the support of World Bank is developing a project, ‘Central Asia – South Asia Transmission Interconnection Project’ (known as CASA 1000 Project) for import of this power through a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line. The HVDC line will be converted to high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) for further supply in to the national grid of Pakistan. The Converter Station from the proposed subproject will receive power from CASA-1000 through a 500 kV DC transmission line for conversion of 1300 MW of direct current to alternating current; while the grid station of the subproject will be interconnected to the converter station for further dispersal of 1300 MW to the national grid and also existing transmission line system through a 9 km long 500 kV double circuit ‘Tarbela Hydropower Station – Peshawar Substation’ transmission line and to a 220 kV double circuit ‘Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Station to Shahibagh Substation’. Construction of the transmission lines associated with the grid station (9 km 500 kV line and to 220 kV line) are part of the subproject, while construction of CASA-1000 transmission line will be supported through CASA-1000 project. The proposed Nowshera converter and grid stations will be constructed in Azakhel Bala village of Nowshera District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The station will be built at the location in an area of 145 acres (about 59 ha), which is currently under agriculture use. The 9 km transmission line associated with the grid station will also be built in agriculture land passing through the villages of Aman Kot, Pashtun Gari, Pabbi, Dagi Qadeem, Dagi Jadeed and Azakhel Bela. The right of way of the transmission line is 50 m and the total area required for the right of way is about 110 acres (about 45 ha). No additional land will be required for the 220 kV line since it is already passing through the converter and grid stations site. Location of the Nowshera subproject site is shown in Figure 1.1. 1.3 Environmental and Social Assessment of the Subproject This ESIA has been prepared by the NTDC1 and submitted to the World Bank for the Project. Environmental Assessment of the subproject has been carried out in accordance with the World Bank and GoP guidelines with an objective to: (i) ensure all relevant environmental and social issues are mainstreamed into the design and implementation of the proposed subproject, (ii) consider in an integrated manner the potential environmental and social risks, benefits and impacts of the proposed subproject and identify measures to avoid, minimize and manage risks and impacts while enhancing benefits, and (iii) ensure compliance with national and World Bank requirements. 1.4 ESIA Study Methodology The methodology followed in preparing the ESIA consists of the following steps: • Review of available details of the proposed subproject and meeting/discussions with various stakeholders including local communities • Review of the policy and regulatory requirements • Field investigations to collect baseline data using structured questionnaires, and sampling and analysis for air, noise and groundwater

1 NTDC procured services of ‘Mirza Associates Engineering Services (Pvt) Ltd.’ for carrying out environmental and social assessment and to prepare ESIA for Converter Station and Grid Station. The ESIA has been further reviewed and updated by Dr. Venkata Nukala, an independent environmental consultant of NTDC.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 7 • Visit to the existing 500 kV grid station at Rewat to understand grid station development and operation in Pakistan • A detailed assessment of potential impacts of the Project activities and prepare detailed mitigation measures. • Preparing an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) as part of ESIA • Consultations with various stakeholders including affected communities 1.5 Contents of the ESIA Report Chapter 2 reviews the prevailing World Bank policies and national regulatory requirements relevant to environmental assessment. Chapter 3 presents description of the subproject and other salient information relevant for environmental assessment. Description of the baseline environmental and social conditions is presented in Chapter 4. Assessment of potentially environmental and social issues as well as the appropriate mitigation measures to address these negative impacts have been discussed in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 presents the environmental and social management plan (ESMP). Finally, Chapter 7 describes the consultations that have been carried out with the stakeholders and details of disclosure.

Figure 1.1: Location of Proposed Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 8 2 Policy and Regulatory Framework 2.1 Applicable Legislation and Policies in Pakistan KP Environmental Protection Act 2014 The KP Environmental Protection Act of 2014 is the provincial version of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (PEPA) relevant to the Project. Responsibility for PEPA was transferred from the Ministry of Environment to the provincial governments by an amendment to the PEPA in 2012. The provincial versions continue to remain materially the same as the PEPA except where governmental bodies are referred. The following key features of the provincial Acts have a direct bearing on the Project: • Section 11 (Prohibition of Certain Discharges or Emissions) states that “Subject to the provisions of this Act and the rules and regulations made there under, no person shall discharge or emit, or allow the discharge or emission of, any effluent or waste or air pollutant or noise in an amount, concentration or level which is in excess of the Environmental Quality Standards”. • Section 13-I (Initial Environmental Examination and Environmental Impact Assessment) requires that “No proponent of a project shall commence construction or operation unless he has filed with the Federal Agency an IEE or, where the project is likely to cause an adverse environmental effect, an EIA, and has obtained from the Federal Agency approval in respect thereof.” This ESIA will be submitted by NTDC for EPA approval. • Section 13-2b (Review of IEE and EIA): The Environmental Protection Agency shall review the EIA report and accord its approval subject to such conditions as it may deem fit to impose, or require that the EIA be re-submitted after such modifications as may be stipulated or rejected, the project as being contrary to environmental objectives. • Section 15 (Handling of Hazardous Substances) requires that “Subject to the provisions of this Act, no person shall generate, collect, consign, transport, treat, dispose of, store, handle, or import any hazardous substance except (a) under a license issued by the EPA and in such manner as may be prescribed; or (b) in accordance with the provisions of any other law for the time being in force, or of any international treaty, convention, protocol, code, standard, agreement, or other Instrument to which Pakistan is a party.” Enforcement of this clause requires the EPA to issue regulations regarding licensing procedures and to define ‘hazardous substance.’ • Section 16 (Regulation of Motor Vehicles): Subject to provision of this clause of the Act and the rules and regulations made there under, no person shall operate a motor vehicle from which air pollutants or noise are being emitted in an amount, concentration or level which is in excess of the EQS, or where the applicable standards established under clause (g) of subsection (1) of Section-6 of the Act. • Section 18 (Penalties): Whoever contravenes or fails to comply with the provisions of section 11, 12, 13, or section 16 or any order issued there under shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one million rupees, and in the case of a continuing contravention or failure, with an additional fine which may extend to one hundred thousand rupees for every day during which such contravention or failure continues: Provided that if contravention of the provisions of section 11 also constitutes contravention of the provisions of section 15, such contravention shall be punishable under sub-section (2) only. • Section 19 (Offences by Bodies Corporate): Where any contravention of this Act has been committed by a body corporate, and it is proved that such offence has been committed with the consent or connivance or, is attributed to any negligence on the part of, any director, partner, manager, secretary or other officer of the body corporate, such director, partner,

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 9 manager, secretary or other officer of the body corporate, shall be deemed guilty of such contravention along with the body corporate and shall be punished accordingly. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Review of IEE & EIA) Regulations, 2000 The IEE/EIA Regulations 2000 establish the framework for the preparation, submission, and review of the IEE and EIA. The regulations categorize development projects for IEE and EIA into two schedules (Schedules I and II). Schedule I include projects where the range of environmental issues is comparatively narrow and the issues can be understood and managed through less extensive analysis. Schedule II covers major projects that have the potential to affect a large number of people in addition to generating potentially significant adverse environmental impacts. Preparation of a complete EIA is required for Schedule II projects. Based on experience of NTDC for obtaining environmental approvals for other grid station projects, the proposed Project will fall under Schedule II requiring EIA. National guidelines for undertaking EIA in accordance with the IEE/EIA Regulations 2000 include the Policy and Procedures for Filing, Review and Approval of Environmental Assessments, 1997 (the FRAEA Guidelines) and Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports, 1997 (the PRER Guidelines) (refer to Section 0 for additional details). The EIA approval process in Pakistan as described in the FRAEA and PRER Guidelines is illustrated in Figure 2.1. Environmental Regulatory Authorities Since the project area falls in KP province, the KP Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the relevant environmental regulatory authority. The provincial EPAs are responsible for environmental regulation and implementing GoP environmental policies in their respective provinces. As part of their roles, provincial EPAs are responsible for reviewing EIA documentation for compliance with provincial EIA requirements and procedures and, using their district based staff, also monitors the implementation of EMPs. Statutory functions of the provincial EPAs are to: • Administer and implement Environmental Protection Act, its rules and regulations • Review IEE/EIA, preparation of procedures and guidelines • Prepare, revise and enforce EQS (industries, municipalities, vehicular emission) • Establish and maintain laboratories, certification of laboratories for conducting tests and analysis • Assist local Councils, Authorities and / or Government Agencies in execution of projects • Establish a system of surveys, monitoring, examination and inspection to combat pollution • Conduct training for Government functionaries and industrial management • Provide information and education to the public on environmental issues • Publish the Annual State of the Environment report • Undertake surveys and qualitative and quantitative analysis of data on air, soil and water quality, and industrial, municipal and traffic emissions • Take measures to promote environment related Research and Development (R&D) activities. Land Acquisition Act 1894 The Land Acquisition Act 1894 provides for the acquisition of private properties for public purposes including development projects in Pakistan. It comprises 55 sections dealing with area notifications, survey, acquisition, compensation, apportionment awards, disputes resolutions, penalties and exemptions. Land for Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station will be acquired in accordance with this Act. Telegraph Act, 1885 The Telegraph Act (1885) was enacted to define the authority and responsibility of the Telegraph Authority. The law covers, among other activities, installation and maintenance of telegraph lines and

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 10 posts (poles). The Act defines the mechanism to determine and make payment of compensation associated with the installation of these lines and posts. Under this Act, the land required for the poles is not acquired (or purchased) from the owner, nor the title of the land transferred. Compensation is paid to the owner for any structure, crop or tree that exists on the land; cost of the land is not paid to the owner. NTDC has been following this act for building transmission line towers throughout the country. Other Important Environmental and Social Legislations in Pakistan An overview of other environmental legislation relevant to the proposed subproject is presented in Table 2.1. This ESIA report will be submitted to KP-EPA in September 2017 and the EPA will complete its review process within 90 days.

Proponents Submits Time Frame EIA to EPA

10 Working days

Initial Scrutiny by EPA Return the EIA for revision

Decision on Scrutiny Require more information Not more than 120 days Accept Actions by EPA: 1) Notice for Public Hearing; 2) Placement of Preferably not more than 90 days EIA for Public Review; 3) Circulation of EIA to Concerned Government Agencies 30 days

Public Hearing

Optional: Committee of Experts; Site Visit by EPA

Approve without Decision conditions on EIA Reject

Approve with Initiate Construction conditions

Submission of Acceptance of Conditions by Proponent

Initiate Construction

Figure 2.1: Process of obtaining Clearance certificate from EPA

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 11

Table 2.1: Other Relevant Legislation of Pakistan

Legislation / Guideline Brief Description Name (Year of Issuance) National Environmental NEQS relevant to the Project include: Quality Standards (NEQS), • Municipal and liquid industrial effluents (32 parameters) 2000, 2009, and 2010. • Industrial gaseous emissions (18 parameters) • Motor vehicle exhaust and noise (used and new vehicles) • Ambient air quality (9 parameters) • Drinking water quality (32 parameters) • Noise (four zones during day and night). Environmental Tribunal Under Section 21 of the provincial Act (Environmental Tribunals) have been Rules (the ET Rules) established to deal with cases of violation or of failure to comply with the provisions of EPA. According to the ET Rules, a tribunal is required to make every effort to dispose of a complaint or an appeal or other proceeding within 60 days of its filing. Protection of Trees and The Protection of Trees and Brushwood Act of 1949 prohibits the cutting or Brushwood Act (1949) lopping of trees along roads and canals planted by the Forest Department unless prior permission of the Forest Department is obtained. Employment of Children Article 11(3) of the Constitution of Pakistan prohibits employment of children Act (1991) below the age of 14 years in any factory, mines or any other hazardous employment. In accordance with this Article, the Employment of Child Act (ECA) 1991 disallows child labor in the country. The ECA defines a child to mean a person who has not completed his/her fourteenth years of age. The ECA states that no child shall be employed or permitted to work in any occupation set forth in the ECA (such as transport sector, railways, construction, and ports) or in any workshop wherein any of the processes defined in the Act is carried out. The processes defined in the Act include carpet weaving, beeri (type of cigarette) making, cement manufacturing, textile, construction and others). Employment of Children An Act to prohibit the employment of children and to restrict the employment of Act 2016 adolescents (15 to18 years age) in certain occupations and processes (e.g. transport of passengers, goods or mail; live electrical wires over 50 volts; exposure to toxic material; etc.) KP Minimum Wages for The ordinances state that every employer shall be responsible for the payment of Unskilled Workers minimum wages required to be paid under the ordinances to all unskilled workers Ordinances (1969) employed, either directly or through a contractor, in his commercial or industrial establishment: • Provided that where an employer provides housing accommodation to a worker, he may deduct from the wages of such a worker, an amount not exceeding that in the ordinance; • Where the employer provides a worker with transport to and from the place of work, he may deduct from the wages of such a worker an amount not exceeding that specified in the ordinance. Guidelines for public The guidelines deal with approaches to public consultation and techniques for consultation, 1997 designing an effective program of consultation that reaches out to all major stakeholders and ensures the incorporation of their concerns in impact assessment Antiquity Act 1975 Pakistan Antiquities Act of 1975 ensures the protection of physical cultural resources in Pakistan. The Act is designed to protect especially the notified “antiquities” from destruction, theft, negligence, unlawful excavation, trade and

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 12 export. The law prohibits new construction in the proximity of a protected antiquity and empowers the Government of Pakistan (Provincial Governments after the introduction of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan) to prohibit excavation in any area which may contain articles of archaeological significance. KP Industrial Relations These Acts seek to regulate formation of trade unions, regulation and Acts (2010) improvement of relations between employers and workmen and the avoidance and settlement of any differences or disputes arising between them and ancillary matters.

Gaps and Effectiveness of Regulatory Process The “Environmental Protection Act 1997” though it claims to address all the environmental concerns in the country is basically targeted at and is more or less specific in its legislation to the industrial sector in the country. As such, most of the rules, regulations and standards are focused on management, control and monitoring of effluent discharges. The more extensive legislative instruments such as the ‘National Environmental Quality Standards’ are also set primarily to deal with industrial discharges. The priority of the legislators was on monitoring of effluent discharges and penalizing the errant industrialists for which systems such Pollution Charges and Environmental Tribunals have been set in place. The projects such as grid stations and transmission lines which do not generate any effluents will not attract much focus. Due to this reason, issues that find a place of significance in the World Bank Polices and EHS guidelines, such as continuous improvement in environmental performance, occupational safety, community development and environmental education and training do not figure prominently in the legislative recommendations of the Act. This shortcoming in the Act also encourages the more environmentally aware enterprises or those that have to cater to international commitments and pressures to adopt internationally recognized environmental standards such as ISO 14001 to improve in a holistic manner their overall environmental performance. As the Act that is linked for enforcement and regulation with the federal and provincial EPA’s limits itself to monitoring discharges, ensuring compliance with the NEQS, there is no effort to provide encouragement to the enterprises to enhance their general level of environmental functions and engage in activities such as energy saving, waste recycling, reuse and reduction in waste generation levels. Occupational safety that includes ensuring a clean, safe and environment friendly work environment is not a concern for the EPA’s. While the Act legislates in favor of community and stakeholder participation during the preparation phase through the preparation of consultative IEE’s and EIA’s, no mechanism has been identified for stakeholder involvement during the operation phase of the projects. The Act also does not require the industries to put in place any kind of mandatory compliance requirements for the contractors/vendors that have been sub-let the work of waste disposal by the waste generating enterprises. The Act simply does not recognize this issue. This is a serious flaw that has provided a loophole for enterprises not investing in waste treatment systems. This is more evident in the case of solid waste for which not even compliance standards exist (other than for hospital waste). While the Act is a document that touches and caters for various important issues related to environmental protection, its restricted focus on industry and compliance with effluent discharge standards at the cost of neglecting the overall and cross-cutting important environmental concerns limits and confines its potential for positive impact.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 13 2.2 International Treaties signed by Pakistan Pakistan is a signatory to a number of international environment-related treaties, conventions, declarations and protocols. The following are the relevant international treaties and conventions to which Pakistan is a party: • Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals • Convention on Wetlands of International Importance • Convention on the Control of Trans-Boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal • Convention concerning the Protection of World Culture and Natural Heritage • Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species • International plant protection convention • International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights • International Labour Organization’s (ILO) Core Labour Standards on • Freedom of association (convention 87) • Elimination of forced and compulsory labour (conventions 29 and 105) • Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation (conventions 100 and 111) • Abolition of child labour (conventions 138 and 182) • Kyoto Protocol to the Convention United Nations Framework on Climate Change • Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants • United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity • United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies Developers seeking financing from the World Bank are required to comply with the World Bank Safeguard Policies as defined in Operational Policies (OPs) and Bank Procedures (BPs). A summary of the key objectives of the Bank safeguards policies are given below. Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) EA requirement. The World Bank requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Bank support to ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus to improve decision making. The Bank Policy OP/BP 4.01 considers that EA is a process whose breadth, depth, and type of analysis depend on the nature, scale, and potential environmental impact of the proposed project. EA evaluates a project's potential environmental risks and impacts in its area of influence; examines project alternatives; identifies ways of improving project selection, siting, planning, design, and implementation by preventing, minimizing, mitigating, or compensating for adverse environmental impacts and enhancing positive impacts; and includes the process of mitigating and managing adverse environmental impacts throughout project implementation. EA takes into account the natural environment (air, water and land); human health and safety; social aspects (involuntary resettlement, indigenous peoples and physical cultural resources); and trans-boundary and global environmental aspects. The Bank Policy also envisages that the borrower Government is responsible for carrying out the EA and the Bank advises the borrower on the Bank's EA requirements. Natural Habitats (OP 4.04) OP 4.04 outlines the World Bank policy on biodiversity conservation taking into account ecosystem services and natural resource management and use by project affected people. Projects must assess potential impacts on biodiversity. The policy strictly limits circumstances under which conversion or degradation of natural habitats can occur and prohibits projects which are likely to result in significant loss of critical natural habitats.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 14 OP 4.09 Pest Management Aims to minimize and manage the environmental and health risks associated with pesticide use and promote and support safe, effective, and environmentally sound pest management. OP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples OP4.10 requires that any development project must fully respect the dignity, human rights, economies, and cultures of Indigenous Peoples. Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11) OP 4.11 Seeks to preserve physical cultural resources and avoid their destruction or damage. It encompasses resources of archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural and religious (including grave yards and burial sites), aesthetic, or other cultural significance. OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement OP 4.12 establishes requirements of the World Bank for managing involuntary resettlement. Involuntary resettlement should be avoided where possible. Where the acquisition of land or other assets is necessary, the policy sets out requirements for participation in resettlement planning, mandates compensation for assets at replacement cost, and expects to see that incomes and standards of living of affected persons are improved or at least restored to what they were prior to displacement. OP 4.36 Forests OP 4.36 sets out the World Bank objectives for reducing deforestation, enhancing the environmental contribution of forested areas, promoting afforestation, reducing poverty, and encouraging economic development. OP 4.37 Safety of Dams OP 4.37 requires competent design and construction supervision to implement dam safety measures through the project cycle. The policy applies to projects that depend on the safe functioning of existing dams (such as the Project) as well as to projects that involve construction of new dams. The policy also recommends measures to strengthen the institutional, legislative, and regulatory frameworks for dam safety programs. OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways Requires notification to other riparian of planned projects that could affect water quality or quantity, sufficiently far in advance to allow them to review the plans and raise any concerns or objections. OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas The World Bank will only finance projects in disputed areas when either there is no objection from the other claimant to the disputed area, or when the special circumstances of the case support financing notwithstanding the objection. BP 17.50 Public Disclosure of Information BP 17.50 sets out the World Bank policy on disclosure of information. It is a mandatory procedure to be followed by the borrower and Bank and supports public access to information on environmental and social aspects of projects. Applicable World Bank Policies to the Project The applicable World Bank policies for the development of the NTMP Project are given in Table 2.2. Since the Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station is a subproject of NTMP1, the same policies will also be triggered for the subprojects.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 15 2.4 Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines The Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines2 contain the performance levels and measures that are generally considered to be achievable in new facilities or project by existing technology at reasonable costs. The EHS guidelines for electric power transmission and distribution3 contains the measures associated with the construction and operation of transmission and distribution lines. Table 2.2: Triggering the World Bank Policies for the Project

Directive Policy Applicability Explanation for NTMP1 Explanation for Subproject for the Project Environmental OP/BP Triggered. NTMP1 will help in For Nowshera subproject, Assessment 4.01 augmenting/rehabilitating select construction activities are transmission lines throughout the expected to cause temporary country and upgrade/construct impact on natural new substations through NTDC’s environment and health and prioritized investments. These safety of local community and activities may have temporary, workforce. Most of these reversible and short to medium impacts are site specific and term environmental impacts and can be mitigated with can be adequately mitigated standard mitigation measures. through a well-planned An ESIA with ESMP has been environmental management and prepared in compliance with mitigation plans. Based on the the Policy. proposed activities and likely environmental impacts, which are generally construction related, the project has been rated as category B. Each subproject will be screened and assessed for the potential risks and either an ESIA with ESMP, or standalone ESMP will be prepared. Natural Habitats OP/BP Triggered. No upgrade subprojects will affect No natural habitats will be 4.04 natural or critical habitat. Some of affected by the subproject. the new infrastructure may pass Potential avian risks have been through natural or critical habitat. assessed and addressed in Subprojects with significant ESMP. potential impacts can be screened out and become ineligible for funding. Pest OP 4.09 Not triggered. NTDC will not use any pesticides, No pesticides, herbicide or Management rodenticides or other vector fungicides will be used in any control products in any of its grid of the project activities stations or land clearing under the including forest nurseries transmission lines or for tree nurseries.

2 EHS Guidelines available at: http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES.

3 http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/820ba70041685e578e6caf9e78015671/2007+- +Electric+Power+Transmission+and+Distribution.pdf?MOD=AJPERES

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 16 Directive Policy Applicability Explanation for NTMP1 Explanation for Subproject for the Project Physical Cultural OP 4.11 Triggered. Because project activities will Surveys have confirmed no Resources (PCR) take place at the existing sites of cultural, endangered cluster of the substations, there will be no pre-historic and historic rock impacts on Physical Cultural art with national and Resources from Group I international importance or subprojects. There is flexibility in other physical cultural the location of new substations resources have been identified and lines. Therefore, impacts on in the area. Chance find Cultural Resources can be avoided procedures are included in or minimized in design for new Annex 2. subprojects under Group II. The ESMF will provide a process for screening out projects with significant impacts, or incorporating a PCR management plan into the EMP or ESIA for minor impacts. All EMP will contain a chance find procedure. Indigenous OP/BP Not triggered There are no indigenous people in No indigenous people are Peoples 4.10 the proposed subprojects located in the subproject. Involuntary OP/BP Triggered Subprojects involving new 145 acres of Land is required Resettlement 4.37 substations will have low- for subproject. A Resettlement intensity impacts involving some Action Plan (RAP) has been temporary or permanent loss of prepared under separate land to substations, transmission cover, detailing the relevant tower foundations, and line requirements to ensure stringing compliance with this policy. Forests OP/BP Triggered. No upgrade impacts or passes About 451 wood trees will be 4.36 through forests. Some of the new cut from the agricultural lands, transmission may. Subprojects which are planted by the with significant potential impacts farmers around boundaries of can be screened out and become their farm lands. Tree ineligible for funding. plantation will be carried out around the grid station site to compensate the tree cutting. Safety of Dams OP/BP Not triggered 4.37 Projects in OP/BP/ Not triggered International GP 7.50 Waterways Projects in OP/BP Not triggered Disputed Areas 7.60 Access to Applicable to ESMF has been disclosed in NTDC ESIA and RAP will be disclosed Information the project. website. in NTDC website. Consultations have been carried out during May 2017 at the project site with the affected communities. ESIA and RAP will be sent to World Bank infoshop.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 17 2.5 Compliance Status with Pakistan and World Bank Requirements The present compliance status of the project with Pakistan legislation and World Bank safeguard policies is indicated in Table 2.3. Table 2.3: Compliance of the Project with GOP Legislation and World Bank Safeguard Policies

Legislation / Policy Actions Taken to Comply Government of KP Environmental NTDC will submit the application for environmental clearance Pakistan (GoP) Protection Act, 2014 of the subproject along with ESIA report to KP EPA. EIA guidelines for Power Provide safety measures and information on emergency Projects preparedness International treaties Verification of protected sites, Red List and protection of vulnerable habitats Disclosure of projects Information to general public and notice for public hearing. World Bank Early screening and Scoping sessions held Scoping Participatory approach Consultations during preparation of ESIA and RAP Integrate environmental Natural environment, human health, social aspects, physical assessment (EA) and cultural resources are integrated in planning documents social assessment (SA) Risk assessment Labor, health and safety risks determined Environmental Code of Practices (occupational health, labor) in tender documents contractor Emergency Response Plan will be prepared by contractor before commencing the construction activities. Alternatives Two alternatives for siting of converter and grid stations were studied. Pollution Baseline survey of environmental quality (air, noise and groundwater) carried out. Stricter Environmental standards applied and Environmental Code of Practices (ECPs) included in contract documents Physical and Cultural No PCRs are located in the subproject area. Resources Chance find procedure will be included in contract documents (Annex 2) Gender Gender consultations carried out during ESIA. Public Health Public Health aspects addressed in mitigation measures. EMF and noise levels will be monitored during operation phase World Bank Group EHS Mitigation measures and ECPs are prepared in compliance Guidelines with World Bank Group EHS Guidelines. The conditions of contractor will include contractors’ compliance with the EHS guidelines. Consultation and Early consultations and participation of local communities Information Disclosure ensured. Stakeholder consultation meetings, focus group discussions and formal public consultations held. Consultation meeting was held in May 2017 in the project area. The ESIA and RAP were disclosed in NTDC website on 11 September, 2017, and will be sent to World Bank InfoShop. A public consultation meeting was conducted on 21 September 2017 to share the ESIA and RAP to the local communities.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 18 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1 Description of Nowshera Subproject The proposed Nowshera subproject will consist of the following components: 1. 1300 MW HVDC converter station in Azakhel Bela village to receive power from CASA-1000 through 500 kV DC transmission line, and conversion it in to alternating current. Development of 500 kV DC transmission line is not in the scope of the Nowshera subproject and it is covered in CASA 1000 project4, which is also funded by the World Bank. 2. A 500/220 kV grid station adjacent to the above converter station for further dispersal of 1300 MW to the national grid. The grid station will also be interconnected to the following existing transmission line system:

o 500 kV double circuit ‘Tarbela Hydropower Station – Peshawar Substation’ through a 9 km long 500 kV double circuit transmission line5 (construction of this 9km transmission line is also covered under Nowshera subproject)

6 o 220 kV double circuit ‘Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Station to Shahibagh Substation’ (this line is passing trough the proposed converter and grid stations site) All the above facilities will be designed, manufactured, tested, supplied, installed and commissioned by the contractor. During this design, the contractor will ensure that the electromagnetic fields, acoustic noise and radio interference levels generated from the equipment in the converter and grid stations will comply with the applicable national and international standards at the offices and residential buildings and at the periphery of the station. A schematic drawing showing the proposed facilities in the converter and grid station site are shown in Figure 3.1. The key components in this station are; (i) converter station facilities, (ii) grid station facilities, (iii) office buildings, (iv) a residential colony and (v) all other necessary general facilities. These key components are further described in the following sections.

4 Environmental and social assessment of CASA 1000 project is being carried out by NTDC based on the final alignment of the line. However, EIA reports prepared during feasibility study of CASA 1000 in 2011 and 2014 are available at the following World Bank and CASA websites • http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/782781468294332503/pdf/E43510V30P14500Box3851 75B00PUBLIC0.pdf • http://www.casa- 1000.org/3.%20Islamabad%20Agreement%20ENG%20(Signed%204%20Aug%2008).pdf 5 Tarbela dam along with the transmission lines were built in early 1970s and no environmental assessments were carried out during that stage. However, environmental and social issues associated with legacy of original Tarbela dam were studied later in World Bank funded Tarbela 4 Extension Project (http://projects.worldbank.org/P115893/tarbela-fourth-extension-hydropower-project?lang=en) 6 Ghazi Barotha hydropower project along with its transmission lines were built in 1990s with the financial assistance of World Bank. The eight volumes of environmental assessment reports of Ghazi Barotha hydropower project are available at World Bank website (http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/docsearch/projects/P039281)

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 19

Figure 3.1: Proposed Facilities in the Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station

3.2 Description of the Converter Station Equipment A typical layout of the HVDC converter station is shown in Figure 3.2. Typical components of the converter station and their functions are given in Table 3.1.

Figure 3.2: Typical Layout of HVDC Converter Station

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 20 Table 3.1: Typical Converter Station Components and their Functions

Equipment Functions Circuit breakers Terminate transmission lines from the dc transmission system DC Harmonic and high Eliminates the harmonic currents in the dc line frequency filters Converter transformer This is a specialized transformer that must be designed to withstand ac voltage stresses and dc harmonics. It acts as interface between the dc system and the thyristor valves. It contains oil for insulating and cooling. Converter valves Provides transformation from dc to ac. Valves contain many series connected thyristors to achieve the dc rating of the scheme. Valves are normally contained in a special purpose building called a ‘valve hall’. Smoothening Reactor Reduces the ac current ripple caused by the conversion process on the ac line. It limits the line fault currents and protectors the thyristor valve from the lightning hits on the ac line. AC filters Removes the harmonic currents created by converter station

3.3 Description of the Grid Station Equipment A typical layout of the 500 kV grid station is shown in Figure 3.3. Typical components of the grid station and their functions are given in Table 3.2.

Table 3.2: Typical Grid Station Components and their Functions

Equipment Functions Transformers To step-down or step-up voltage and transfer power from one current to another. The windings of such large transformers are immersed in transformer oil, which is a highly refined mineral oil that is stable at high temperatures and has excellent electrical insulating properties. Its functions are to insulate, suppress corona and arcing, and to serve as a coolant for transformers Circuit Breakers Automatic switching during normal or abnormal conditions Feeder Bay Steel work housing for circuits Reactors Equipment for the efficient operation of long transmission power lines as they compensate the voltage on power lines to avoid uncontrolled voltage rise, especially on lightly loaded lines Isolators Equipment for de-energizing a circuit for maintenance and repair Bus bars Incoming and outgoing circuits of the same voltage tie into a common node called a busbar, which consists of a number of tubular conductors made of aluminum Wave trapper Equipment for trapping communication signals sent via the transmission lines rather than the telephone network Loop-in lines Incoming power lines (connected to bus bars) Loop- out lines Outgoing power lines (connected to bus bars) Telecommunication mast Equipment used for remote communication with the sub-station

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 21

Figure 3.3: Typical 500 kV Grid Station

Control Building One or more control buildings are required for the converter and grid station to house valves, protective relays, control devices, battery banks for primary control power, and remote monitoring equipment. The size of the building depends on design of the station. Typically, the control building will be constructed of concrete block, pre-engineered metal sheathed, or composite surfaced materials. Special control buildings may be developed within the substation developments to house other control and protection equipment. 3.4 Other General Facilities in the Converter and Grid Stations Details of general facilities to be built in the grid station are given in Table 3.3. Table 3.3: Typical General Facilities in the Converter and Grid Stations

Facilities Functions Residential Colony An employee residential colony will be built on one side of the grid station to house about 100 families. WHO endorsed standards on EMF (http://www.who.int/peh-emf/standards/en/ - developed by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, ICNIRP) will be complied through design considerations by providing adequate distance from the grid station equipment and residential colony. Exposure to noise from the grid station equipment will also be evaluated, to comply with national standards, to provide adequate distance from the grid station and residential colony.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 22

Water supply and Safe drinking water supply (through groundwater wells) and sanitation sewerage facilities (with septic tanks) will be established to provide water and sanitation facilities to the colony and offices. Water storage tanks will also be constructed for the firefighting and cooling system. Internal roads and storm Storm water drainage facilities will be established in the converter water drainage and grid stations site, including in residential colony. The storm water drainage facilities will be connected to the natural stream located on western side of the station site through a sedimentation pond. Fencing and landscaping security fencing (a fencing wall) will be constructed around the entire perimeter of the station to protect sensitive equipment and prevent accidental contact with energized conductors by third parties. A three-meter buffer zone with plantation will be developed with native plantation around the fence and landscaping will be carried out wherever allowed. Security facilities Several aspects will be considered for providing fool proof security for the station. These include firing position/bunkers at the main entrance, sentry posts, concrete barriers to restrict entry at main entrance, security towers, etc.

3.5 Transmission Line Facilities Construction of 9 km long 500 kV transmission line will include erection of 28 towers (8 angle and 20 suspension) and stringing of double circuit conductors. The size of each tower footing is 25mx25m and right of way is 50m. The transmission line will pass through the villages of Aman Kot, Pashtun Gari, Pabbi, Dagi Qadeem, Dagi Jadeed and Azakhel Bela. The locations of the line alignment are shown in Figure 3.4 and locations of the towers are given in Table 3.4. Detailed satellite (google earth) maps of the transmission line alignment are given in Annex 3.

Figure 3.4: Proposed 500 kV Transmission Line Alignment

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 23 Table 3.4: Tower Locations of 500 kV line

Tower # Locality GIS Coordinate In/Out Aman Kot Extensions AT-1 Aman Kot to Pabbi 34° 1'40.55"N, 71°47'13.69"E T-1 Aman Kot to Pabbi 34° 1'35.85"N, 71°47'26.09"E T-2 Pabbi to Pakhtun Ghari 34° 1'31.89"N, 71°47'36.85"E T-3 Pabbi to Pakhtun Ghari 34° 1'27.24"N, 71°47'49.03"E T-4 Pabbi to Pakhtun Ghari 34° 1'22.60"N, 71°48'1.50"E T-5 Pabbi to Pakhtun Ghari 34° 1'18.05"N, 71°48'13.99"E T-6 Pabbi to Pakhtun Ghari 34° 1'13.32"N, 71°48'26.51"E T-7 Pabbi to Pakhtun Ghari 34° 1'9.17"N, 71°48'37.93"E AT-2 Pakhtungari to Railway Line 34° 1'4.46"N, 71°48'47.55"E, T-8 Pakhtungari to Railway Line 34° 0'56.97"N, 71°48'55.30"E T-9 Aman Kot to Railway Line 34° 0'48.68"N, 71°49'3.65"E AT-3 Railway Line to G.T Road 34° 0'39.74"N, 71°49'12.51"E AT-4 Railway Line to G.T Road 34° 0'31.50"N, 71°49'13.88"E T-10 G.T Road to Dagi Jadeed 34° 0'22.10"N, 71°49'21.41"E T-11 G.T Road to Dagi Jadeed 34° 0'14.80"N, 71°49'27.07"E T-12 G.T Road to Dagi Jadeed 34° 0'6.84"N, 71°49'33.64"E AT-5 G.T Road to Dagi Jadeed 34° 0'1.84"N, 71°49'37.72"E T-13 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'58.30"N, 71°49'44.43"E AT-6 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'54.94"N, 71°49'51.51"E T-14 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'44.87"N, 71°49'57.78"E T-15 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'34.73"N, 71°50'3.98"E T-16 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'25.05"N, 71°50'10.11"E T-17 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'14.94"N, 71°50'16.42"E T-18 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°59'4.92"N, 71°50'22.82"E T-19 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°58'54.97"N, 71°50'28.95"E AT-7 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°58'45.10"N, 71°50'35.16"E T-20 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°58'38.02"N, 71°50'45.70"E AT-8 Dagi Jadeed to Azakhel Bala 33°58'31.02"N, 71°50'56.17"E

3.6 Contractors Facilities The contractor’s facilities including construction camps and offices, yards, batching plants and storage areas will be built within the proposed converter and grid stations site. A construction camp to accommodate about 30 to 50 foreign and outstation workers will be built with residential quarters, washing areas, kitchen, toilets, fuel storage, water storage, sewage disposal arrangements, firefighting arrangements, electric generators, and waste collection facilities. Construction Activities The process for constructing the converter and grid stations will follow standard NTDC practice for grid station construction. The key activities in the construction process include the following • The major civil works in the converter and grid stations area will include construction of foundations and buildings. The raw material required for these constructions are aggregates, sand, cement and steel. The exact quantities of these materials required for construction will only be known at the time of design. However, all these material will be procured from the market and no quarry site will be developed under this subproject.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 24 • Construction will commence with the clearing of vegetation and the levelling and terracing of the ground surface in those areas where heavy electrical transformers and other switchgear will stand. Once levelled and terraced, the concrete works and construction of foundations for the supporting steelwork, transformers and other switchgear will commence. This will also include the construction of storm water drainage pipes, slabs, bund walls, a control room, small buildings and storage areas that are needed. • All open areas between the transformer plinths and other switchgear foundations will be covered with about a 100 mm layer of 25 – 38 mm crushed stone. • The steelwork will then be erected. The transformers, circuit breakers, reactors and other high voltage equipment will be delivered to site, erected and then commissioned. • During construction when the civil works are being carried out (foundations, buildings, etc.), there would be approximately 150 to 200 people present on the site at any one time. Depending on the level and nature of construction activity taking place, there will be varying numbers of people housed on site within a construction camp. This will be constructed within the proposed grid station facility. • Waste generation from the construction works is estimated to be about 122 kg/day (considering an average per capita waste generation in Pakistan, which ranges from 0.286 to 0.612 kg/capita/day). These wastes will be disposed at the local municipal waste disposal sites. Since the project site is located close to cities of Nowshera and Peshawar, the municipal waste disposal sites are already available. No new waste disposal sites will be developed for the subproject. The construction of transmission line will also follow the standard NTDC design specifications and procedures. The sequence of construction activities for transmission line will include: • Site Preparation: Clearance of crops of vegetation at the tower locations. Verification of local utilities and underground services prior to works and establishing of safeguards and obtaining of necessary agreements • Civil Works: Tower foundations are constructed first, either four or one foundations per tower depending on the final tower design. The foundations are mechanically excavated and filled with concrete. • Steel Erection: Steelwork sections for the towers will be delivered by access road or by head loads when there are no access roads. It is normal practice to use cranes to erect steelwork, subject to good access being available. However, no new access roads will be developed for erection of steel work. • Conductor Stringing: Stringing is undertaken using a winch to pull the conductor along the towers and a ‘tensioner’ at the other end to keep the conductor above the ground. Operation The converter and grid stations of NTDC are designed and constructed for operation, supervision and control by the staff around the clock, unlike the grid system of many developed countries where the grid stations are remote operated, supervised and controlled at central control centers. The operation staff at control rooms of converter and grid stations comprises shift engineers, operators, attendants, etc. and perform duty in three shifts i.e. morning shift, evening shift and night shift. The operation staff supervises and controls the grid station in accordance with the provisions made in the design and construction of the equipment and transmission lines and in compliance of the instructions of the system operator.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 25 The operation staff records hourly loading data (Amperes), voltage data (kV), temperature, and other parameters, etc. of the transformers and transmission line in the station log sheet and onward passes to system operators. They also maintain the record of all the normal and abnormal events of the local system and record of telephonic instruction of all the stakeholders of the system for reference. They coordinate with system operator and manage the scheduled and non-scheduled shut-downs on the grid station equipment and transmission lines, for maintenance and other purposes. They perform switching operations of the switchgear as desired under instructions of system operator. Drinking water supply and sanitation facilities (septic tanks and storm water drains) will be maintained regularly. Weed control from the grid station facilities will be carried out mechanically and no pesticides will be used for these purposes. The material waste will be managed as per standard procedure of NTDC. All the material waste from the grid station areas of NTDC will be brought to a central location in Lahore, and will be managed. The transmission line facilities will be operated and maintained by NTDC in accordance with its general system maintenance procedures. This involves an inspection regime which requires access to the towers from time to time and visual inspection of the line corridor. Where defects or repairs are noted, maintenance crews will be mobilized to undertake the corrective works. Land users and title holders are required to keep tree heights within the 2.5m limits and this requirement is enforced by the NTDC inspection teams. Decommissioning NTDC do not envision decommissioning of its converter or grid stations at any point. Should this be required in the future, removal and disposal of equipment will be done in accordance legislative requirements at that time. 3.7 Analysis of Alternatives for Siting of the Nowshera Subproject The converter station should preferably be located near the existing transmission line system for easy interconnection; and also close to the major roads for transport of heavy equipment. Other requirements are a flat and geologically stable terrain. A feasibility study carried out in 2011 for transmission of CASA-1000 has recommended development of the converter station near the existing grid station of Sheikh Muhammadi at Peshawar. Security of the staff and facilities was a major concern at this site. There was a terrorist attack on this Sheikh Muhammadi grid station in 2013 sabotaging most of the infrastructure. Further, availability of space near this station is limited due to some other extension works and also for development of proposed electrode station for CASA-1000. Hence, NTDC has started looking for an alternative site for development of both converter and grid station and found the suitable site at proposed location in Azakhel Bala village near Nowshera. A comparative evaluation of both these sites in terms of their technical and environmental criteria is presented in Table 3.5. Table 3.5: Comparison of Various Sites for Converter and Grid Stations

Criteria Site 1: Sheikh Muhammadi at Site 2: Azakhel Bala near Nowshera Peshawar (Recommended)

Availability of suitable This site is located in the suburban Suitable land in the required extent is land for the converter areas of Peshawar near the available at this location with a good and grid stations. existing Sheikh Muhammadi grid access road. station and has access through a major road. The areas surrounding the grid are needed for the

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 26 Criteria Site 1: Sheikh Muhammadi at Site 2: Azakhel Bala near Nowshera Peshawar (Recommended)

extension of the grid station and also chosen for the electrode station for CASA1000 HVDC line; and it was difficult to acquire additional land of 150 acres for the construction of converter and grid stations due to urban development in this area. Security concerns Security is a major concern at this Security is a less concern at this site, site since the Sheikh Muhammadi however foolproof security grid station was sabotaged in arrangements would also be required 2013. Heavy security at this site. establishment is required during both construction and operation stages. Land use The land and surrounding areas The land is being used for agricultural are being used for agricultural purpose. The surrounding areas also purpose and urban development under agricultural use and industrial use (brick kilns) Environmental No environmental sensitivity in Similar to the Site 1 sensitivity and around the proposed sites Land acquisition and Land acquisition and resettlement Similar to Site 1 resettlement will be required for this site.

3.8 Implementation Schedule Development of Nowshera is expected to take about 4 years. During the first year, the designs will be completed and all civil works will be completed by end of the second year. Manufacturing of equipment and shipment will be carried out during the second and third year. All the erection and installation will be completed in the fourth year including the testing of facilities and commissioning.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 27 4 Baseline Environment 4.1 Physical Environment Project Influence Area The proposed Nowshera subproject will be connected to the national grid and thus will have an influence area covering the entire country. However, for the purpose of assessment of environmental impacts, the influence area or the study area of the Nowshera subproject is defined as areas that are likely to be directly or indirectly affected by the proposed construction activities, including but not limited to: direct footprint of the converter and grid station site and right of way of proposed transmission line, temporary construction areas and worker camp sites, access roads to the project facilities for transport of material and equipment, etc.; areas that will be affected by the emissions from construction traffic; and also adjoining areas of the converter and grid station site that will be affected by operational activities. The influence area for Nowshera subproject is shown in Figure 4.1 and it covers the following areas: • Proposed facilities of the subproject, viz. converter and grid stations and 9 km long 500 kV transmission line; and a buffer zone of 1 km radius around the converter and grid stations, and the transmission line • All 7 villages that are located within the converter and grid stations, and the transmission line. These villages are: Aza Khel, Dagi Jadeed, Dagi Qadeem, Pakhtun Ghari, Chowki Drub, Pabbi, and Aman Kot. • Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road connecting the national highway 5 (N5 or Grand Trunk Road) with the converter and grid stations and the villages along this route. This route will be extensively used for transport of equipment and material required for construction and operation of the converter and grid stations. All local roads to be used for the construction of transmission line including the N5 have also been included in the project influence area.

Figure 4.1: Influence Area of Nowshera Subproject

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 28 Physiography and Land Use Satellite imagery of the proposed Nowshera subproject area with the current land use is shown in Figure 4.2 and photographs of the site are shown in Figure 4.3. The project area is located in a gentle sloping terrain from south (340 masl) to north (290 masl) with Cherrat hills on the southern side (located about 8 km away from the converter and grid stations) and Kabul River on the northern side. Kabul river is located about 3 km away from the proposed transmission line. The project area is located in a heavily modified habitat influenced by human activities such as agricultural, residential and industrial development and hence ecologically no sensitive areas are located within the project area. The proposed subproject facilities are located mainly in cultivated lands. The main source of irrigation is rain and groundwater. The major crops grown are wheat and vegetables. Groundwater is also the major source of drinking water in the project area. The villages where the subproject facilities are located are: Aman Kot, Pashtun Gari, Pabbi, Dagi Qadeem, Dagi Jadeed and Azakhel Bela. In addition, Azakhel Payan and Pabbi are the villages located within the project area. The nearest residential houses from the converter and grid stations are located about 800 m away from the northeastern side in Azakhel Bela. In general, the nearest residences along the transmission line are located about 200 m away from the towers. National Highway 5 (N5 or Grand Trunk Road in this section) connecting Nowshera and Peshawar with Lahore and Karachi is located on the northern side of the project area. Cherat Road and Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road are the major provincial roads passing through the project area and are connected to N5. Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road is located abutting the proposed converter and grid station on the south-eastern side and will be extensively used during construction by the contractor for transport of equipment and material. A seasonally flowing small stream that flows only during rainy periods (a natural rain water drain), which also drains the project area, is located next to the converter and grid stations site on the western side. This stream will be connected to the storm water drainage of the converter and grid stations site after treatment through sedimentation pond. The project area on the southern side is extensively used by brick industries. About 10 brick kilns are located on the south-eastern side of the project area and locations of these brick kilns are also shown in Figure 4.2. Climate In general, the climate of the area is monsoonal of rainy hot summers and warm to cold winters with some precipitation. According to the Köppen Climate Classification, the project area can be classified in to Hot Semi-Arid Climate. November to March are the coldest months with the minimum temperatures ranges from 2 to 10°C, May to August are hottest months with maximum temperature varying from 36 to 42°C. The average annual rainfall is 532 mm with most of the rainfall occurring in the months of July and August. Mean monthly data of temperature and rainfall, and humidity measured at Nowshera for last 10 years are given in Figures 4.3 and 4.4, respectively.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 29

Figure 4.2: Land Use Map of the Nowshera Subproject Influence Area

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 30

Cultivated land in the proposed station (220 Wood trees planted by the farmers along kV line in the background) the borders of their lands.

Road on the Southeastern side of converter Uncultivale lands in the project area and grid stations

Brick industry in the project area A brick kiln on the southeastern side of the project area Figure 4.3: Photographs of the Project Area

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 31

Figure 4.4: Monthly Temperature at Nowshera

Figure 4.5: Average Monthly Rainfall at Nowshera

Hydrology The project area is drained through two seasonally flowing streams and locations of these two streams are shown in Figure 4.1 and Figure 4.1. One of these streams are located adjacent to the converter and grid stations site. Both these streams drain to Kabul river. The surface water from both these streams is not consumed for any purposes (e.g. drinking or irrigation) in the project area.

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 32

Groundwater level occurs at a depth of 13 to 15m and groundwater is extensively used for drinking and irrigation purposes. Groundwater flow directions are towards the northern side and several wells are located in the project area. Groundwater yields are generally high due to presence of alluvial aquifers. Geology The rocks exposed around the southern margin of Peshawar basin in Nowshera and Attock-Cherat Range are dominated by meta-sediments of lesser Himalaya of Precambrian to Devonian age. Soils in the Project area are part of Peshawar piedmont and Peshawar floodplain soils. The piedomont soil of generally contains both low and high permeability strata. The soil of low permeability strata consists of silt and clay, while the soil of high permeability is generally composed of sand and gravel. The floodplain is confined to the vicinities of the current and past courses of Kabul River and its flood plains where it has deposited these sediments. According to “Building Code of Pakistan with Seismic Provisions – 2007”, the grid station falls in to Zone 2B (seismic factor 0.20). The grid station will be designed in compliance with this code. 4.2 Chemical Environment Air and Noise Quality Air and noise quality has been collected at two locations, one at the southern side of the project area along the Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road and near the brick kiln area (sampling site A1) and other sample on the north-eastern side (sampling site A2) away from the road and close to the residential area. Locations of the sampling sites are shown in Figure 4.6 and the results are given in Table 4.1. All the air quality parameters are within the national standards. Detailed results on hourly air and noise quality are given in Annex 4.

Figure 4.6: Locations of air, noise and water quality sampling sites

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Table 4.1: Air Quality Data at Nowshera Subproject

Parameter Averaging time Unit NEQS Average Concentrations Site A1 Site A2 Carbon monoxide 8 hr mg/m3 5 0.4 0.4 (CO) Sulphur dioxide 24hr µg/m3 120 20 20 (SO2) Nitrogen dioxides 24hr µg/m3 80 24 27 (NOx) Particulate matter 24hr µg/m3 150 97 134 (PM10) Particulate matter 24hr µg/m3 35 12 11 (PM2.5)

Noise quality sampling is also carried at the air quality sampling sites and the results are given in Table 4.2. The noise levels at Site A1 have, near the Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road and brick kiln areas, have exceeded national standards for residential areas but comply with the industrial areas. The noise levels at Site A2, located away from Jallozai – Shamshatoo Road are generally with in the national standards for residential areas. Table 4.2: Noise Quality Data at Nowshera Subproject

Parameter Unit NEQS Average Noise Residential Industrial Site A1 Site A2 Day time dBA 55 75 57.4 47.4 (6 am to 10 pm) Night time dBA 45 65 56.8 47.2 (10 pm to 6 am)

Groundwater Quality Ground water samples have been collected from the two tube wells in the converter and grid stations site. Sampling sites have been selected on western and eastern end of the station site to ensure coverage of the whole area. Locations of groundwater quality sampling sites (Site W1 and Site W2) are shown in Figure 1.5 and the results are given in Table 1.3. Groundwater quality is good with total dissolved solids ranging from 365 to 393 mg/L, and all the chemical and physical parameters were within the drinking water limits of NEQS.

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Table 4.3: Groundwater Quality in the Nowshera Subproject

Sr. Parameter Unit Permissible WHO Site W1 Site No. Limits (NEQS Guidelines W2 2010) 1 Temperature 0C ---- 24 23 2 pH -- 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 7.6 7.4 3 Total Dissolved mg/l 1000 1000 365 393 Solids (TDS) 4 Chloride mg/l 250 250 75 71 5 Fluoride mg/l 1.5 0.28 0.21 6 Iron mg/l 0.3 0.07 0.09 7 Sodium mg/l 200 47 49 - 8 Nitrate (as NO3 ) mg/l 10 50 5.1 5.7 - 9 Nitrite (as NO2 ) mg/l 3 BDL BDL 10 Ammonia mg/l 1.5 0 0 11 Sulfate mg/l 250 66 73 12 Lead mg/l 0.1 BDL BDL 13 Total Hardness as mg/l 500 500 128 168 CaCO3 14 Turbidity NTU 5 0 0 15 Total Coliform Number/100ml - ve 0/100 ml 0 0 16 E.Coli Number/100ml -ve 0/100 ml 0 0

4.3 Biological Environment General Ecosystem The Project area is located in a zone that can be interpreted as a transition between sub-tropical broad leaved forests and scrub forests. However, the forest cover has been variously transformed and converted to agricultural area. Thus, the Project area is located in a modified habitat and has already been subjected to human disturbances and pressure, and hence there are no natural habitats in the project area. Flora Currently the project area is under agriculture use. About 450 trees are located in the converter and grid stations site, and these are mostly wood trees raised by the farmers along the borders of their fields and near the cattle sheds. These are mostly Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), Kikar (Acacia karoo), and Eucalyptus. The crops grown are wheat, vegetables and fodder. Fauna No fauna species are recorded within the subproject area. However, based on current field investigations, mammalian species reported in the wider project area are jackal, fox and wild boar. Birds The Kabul River along with the Indus are located in the region of one of the important international flyways for bird migration known as “the Indus Flyway”. Regular annual movement of birds between their breeding areas and wintering areas is called bird migration; It is of two types in Pakistan: (i). Long distance migration from higher latitudes to lower latitudes in Pakistan i.e. from Siberia, Central Asia, Eastern

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 35

Europe, Tibet; and (ii). Short distance migration from higher altitudes in Himalayas to the deep valleys and the plains of Pakistan. Migration is required for some birds to meet and face annual adverse weather conditions during the winters in their breeding areas in the north. So they migrate to areas of favorable climatic conditions during the winters in the south. They fly back to their breeding areas in spring. In the same way, birds living in Himalayan heights, descend to valleys and the plains as the cold weather starts prevailing by the end of summer, at higher altitudes. In spring they ascend from their wintering areas to their breeding sites at various heights. Long Distance or Latitudinal Migration Routes: The birds which breed in northern latitudes need to travel long distance to reach their wintering destinations in tropical areas of the southern latitudes. These birds fly in large flocks, and follow land marks. Each year they arrive and go back on the same routes or flyways. The birds breeding in central and northern Siberia migrate to various destinations in Pakistan, crossing the Karakoram, Hindu Kush, and Suleiman ranges, and following the Indus valley and plains down to the Indus delta. Some examples of long distance migrants wintering or passing through Pakistan are: Black stork, Northern Wheatear, Common Teal, Shaoveler Duck, and Gadwall from Siberia; Spanish Sparrow from Eastern Europe; Short-toed Lark from Siberia; Ruddy Shelduck and two Bar-headed Geese from Kirghizstan, and Common Shelduck from Caspian Sea. Altitudinal Migrants or Short Distant Migrants: At the end of summer season as cold spell starts prevailing the higher heights and descends further down to lower elevations insects hibernate and soft vegetation dries up, so there is shortage of food. The insectivorous birds and the seed-eaters start descending to lower height. During the winter they reach the plains. Some examples are: Kashmir Redstart; Grey-headed Flycatcher; Woodcock; Orange-flanked Bush Robin; Niltava; long-tailed Minivet; a variety of tits; Blue Whistling Thrush; Chiff Chaff; Ground Thrush, Tree-creeper; Wall-creeper; and a variety of tits, finches, and buntings. Flight Behavior of Migratory Birds that Fly over the Kabul and Indus Rivers: Long-distance migratory birds follow land marks that exist in in the path towards their destination. These land marks for aquatic birds are big rivers like Kabul River and Indus. During migration in mountainous areas, the birds fly high. The migrants follow the center of the valley thus avoiding mountains. The water birds after 6-8 hours of flight look for wide and slow moving water to recoup their energy for further journey. However, if the water is almost stagnant and food is available in it or at its edges or in near vicinity and if the habitat provides shelter, the birds often tend to stop over for few days. Bird Species in the Project Area: The project area is mostly an agricultural land with mainly wheat, fodder and vegetable crops. The list of common birds that are commonly found in the province of KP and that have linkages with these type of agricultural fields is given in Annex 5. Birds that Perch on Transmission Line and Towers: There is an existing 500 kV and 200 kV transmission line passing through the project area. Based on field observations and interviews with the local communities, it was noticed that most bird species usually do not perch on high-voltage transmission line towers. There is also no proper data collection for this in Pakistan. However, based on observations in other parts of KP province, small birds such as ring-dove (Streptopelia decaocto) and also passerines such as European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) often use the transmission line poles and wires for perching during winter or for some resident species also in other seasons. Internationally threatened migratory birds: The bird species of Pakistan that are in the IUCN red list of threatened species are: Black-necked Stork (Ephippiorynchus asiaticus); Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus); Sociable Plover (Chettusia gregaria) and White-tailed Lapwing (Chettusia leucura).

ESIA of Nowshera Converter Station and Grid Station 36

Staging Grounds for Migratory Birds: There are staging grounds for the migratory birds near the Nowshera subproject area, and hence the migratory birds do not make stopover in these areas during their migration. This has been confirmed by the provincial wildlife department and earlier environmental assessment studies carried out for CASA 10000 project. There are also no ‘important bird areas’ near the project area.

4.4 Socio-Economic Baseline The land proposed for converter and grid stations site is owned by 51 households and the right of way of transmission line is owned by 117 households. All owners of these households live in the nearby villages in the project area. Thus these people represent both affected community and host community. Location of the village is shown in Figure 4.1. Sample socioeconomic surveys were carried in 41 households as part of preparation of RAP. A summary of these survey results are presented here. Administrative Setup The administrative setup is just like in any other settled districts in the country. At the district level three- tier government system has been put in place, consisting of district government, tehsil (sub-district) municipal administration and union council administration. The district is headed by a deputy commissioner who supervises and coordinates the functioning of all the provincial departments in the district. It consists of District Coordination Officer (DCO), Executive Development Officer (Revenue) and District Officer (Revenue). The District Officer (Revenue) directly looks after the matters of the revenue offices at tehsil level. Each tehsil (sub–district) has a revenue setup consisting of Tehsildar and Naib Tehsildar, who have a number of Quanugos. Each Qanungo looks after the work of several Patwaries of his Patwar Circle. The Patwaries stay in their villages and maintain an updated land record of their villages. The local district administration is responsible for land acquisition and resettlement for all the government sponsored projects. Population and Demography The proposed subproject is located in Nowshera district. According to government statistics, total Population of Nowshera district in 1998 is 874,373 (estimate in 2014 is 1.39 million) with 25.96% urban population and 74.04% rural population. Male population was 52.1% and female population was 47.9% of the total population. According to survey of sampled households, the male population is high compared to female population. Male population is 52% and female population is 48%. On an average each household has 6.5 persons. Ethnically all households are Pashtuns and Pashto is their native language. Occupation, Income and Expenditure The project area has diversified character and income level. These includes: agriculture, employment, wage labor, operating own business such as running a grocery. Each household has more than one income earners, on an average 1.5 income earners per household. Details are given in Table 4.4. Farming is most dominant profession in the area with 65% of the people have their affiliation with the farming practices. The 3% respondents have the job in government and private sector. Non-farming activities are practiced by the 18 percent.

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Table 4.4: Occupations of Surveyed Households

Sr. Occupation No. of People Percentage (%) No. 1 Agriculture 41 66 2 Employment 2 3 3 Labour 8 13 4 Business 11 18 8 Total 63 100

Average income levels of the surveyed households are given in Table 4.5. Majority (41%) of the households fall in the income category (PKR 10,001 - PKR 15,000), whereas, 10% of the households are falling in the high income category with their monthly income above PKR2,000 and 32% are earning in between PKR 15,001 -20,000. About15% of the households have reported a low monthly income of less than PKR 10,000. Table 4.5: Income Levels of Surveyed Households Sr. Income Level Number of Percentage (%) No. (PKR/Month) Households of households 1 Less than 10,000 06 15 2 10,001 to 15,000 18 44 3 15,001 to 20,000 13 32 4 Above 20,000 4 10 Total: 41 100

Generally, the people have small land holding with the 39% of the surveyed households have the land holding size less than 2.5 acres and 20% households have less than 5 acres. About 27% of surveyed households have a land holding of 10 acres to 20 acres; and 14% households have more than 20 acres. The land is used for both Kharif (summer crop) and Rabi (winter crop) cultivation. Major crops grown are wheat and vegetables. Access to Infrastructure All surveyed households have reported access to electricity, hospital, school and roads. About 89 percent of the households reported to have access to water supply facilities through shall tube wells (fitted with hand pumps) in their residences or in the neighborhoods. About 90 percent of the households have access to latrines. About 70% respondents of households reported to have connection to drainage facilities. Role of Women Women in the project area mostly housewives taking care of household activities and raising children. Participation rate of women in various socioeconomic activities in the project area is generally low. Women are generally not allowed to deal in the outdoor activities. Their access is limited to indoor household activities and help in farming activities.

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5 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures Potential environmental and social issues in construction and operation of the proposed subproject have been estimated based the field visits, baseline environmental and social conditions, stakeholder consultations and proposed development activities. Environmental issues associated with the project location are minimal since the project area is located in an already modified habitat with agricultural, residential and industrial development. Most of the environmental issues will arise from the construction activities. General mitigation measures and best management practices to address these constructions related impacts are given in Annex 1 Environmental Code of Practices (ECPs) which are prepared based on World Bank General EHS guidelines and experiences from other projects in Pakistan. By inclusion by these ECPs in general specifications of contractors bidding documents and ensuring their implementation, most of the construction related impacts can be mitigated. General environmental issues associated with operation of the equipment and lines such as EMFs, noise, pollution from oil spills and waste water can be mitigated through adequate engineering designs. 5.1 Impact Assessment Methodology The significance of potential impacts was assessed using the criteria and methodology given below.

Impact Magnitude

The potential implications of the project have been categorized as major, moderate, minor or minimal based on consideration of the parameters such as i) duration of the effect; ii) spatial extent of the impact; iii) reversibility; iv) likelihood; and v) legal standards and established professional criteria.

The magnitude of potential impacts of the Project has been identified according to the categories outlined in Table 5.1 Table 5.1: Parameters for Determining Magnitude

Parameter Major Moderate Minor Minimal Duration of Long term Medium Term Limited to Temporary with no potential impact (beyond the project Lifespan of the project construction detectable potential period) (within the project period impact period) Spatial extent of Widespread far Beyond next project Within project Specific location within the potential beyond project components, site boundary project component or impact boundaries boundaries or local site boundaries with no area detectable potential impact Reversibility of Potential impact is Benchmarkneeds a Baseline Baseline remains potential impacts effectively permanent, year or so with some returns constant requiring considerable responsesto come naturally or intervention to return back to baseline with limited to baseline response within a few months Legal standards Breaches national Complies with limits Meets Not applicable and established standards and or given in national minimum professional international standards but violates national criteria guidelines/obligations international lender standard limits

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Parameter Major Moderate Minor Minimal guidelines in one or or international more parameters guidelines Likelihood of Occurs under typical Happens under worst Occurs under Unlikely to happen potential impacts operating or case (negative abnormal, occurring construction consequences) or best exceptional or conditions case (positive impact) emergency (Certain) working conditions conditions (Likely) (occasional)

Sensitivity of Receptor

The sensitivity of a receptor has been determined based on a review of the population (including proximity/numbers/vulnerability) and the presence of features on the site or the surrounding area. Each detailed assessment has defined sensitivity about the topic. Criteria for determining receptor sensitivity of the Project’s potential impacts are outlined in Table 5.2. Table 5.2: Criteria for Determining Sensitivity

Sensitivity Determination Definition Very High Vulnerable receptor with little or no ability to absorb proposed changes or minimal opportunities for mitigation. High Vulnerable receptor with little or no ability to absorb proposed changes or limited opportunities for mitigation. Medium Vulnerable receptor with some ability to absorb proposed changes or moderate opportunities for mitigation Low Vulnerable receptor with good ability to absorb proposed changes or/and excellent opportunities for mitigation

Assigning Significance Following the assessment of magnitude, the quality and sensitivity of the receiving environment or potential receptor has been determined and the significance of each potential impact established using the impact significance matrix shown in Table 5.3. Table 5.3: Significance of Impact Criteria.

Sensitivity of Receptors Magnitude of Impact Very High High Medium Low Major Critical Major Moderate Minimal

Moderate Major Moderate Moderate Minimal

Minor Moderate Moderate Minor Minimal

Minimal Minor Minimal Minimal Minimal

Summary of Assessed Impacts The project’s potential impacts and their significance have been assessed using the methodology described in the above section. A summary of these impacts and their significance along with the mitigation measures are presented in Table 5.4.

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Table 5.4: Potential impacts, their significance and Mitigation measures

Potential impacts Sensitivity Magnitude Significance Mitigation and Enhancement Measure Residual before Mitigation Significance Environmental Considerations during Project Design Audible noise will be generated by most of High Major Major Contractor will design (i) equipment that Minimal converter equipment during operation generate low sound levels, (ii) equipment layout to minimize the acoustic noise and (iii) acoustic barriers (walls or enclosures) wherever necessary to maintain noise levels that comply with national standards at offices, and residential colony and at periphery of the station. Exposure to Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF) and radio High Moderate Major WHO endorsed standards on EMF and noise Minimal interferences from the converter and grid station levels will be complied through design equipment and the power lines (EMFs will affect the considerations. These include adequate spacing health and radio interferences will affect the between the equipment and fencing/boundary telecommunications). wall or right of way. International standards on radio interferences will also be complied with. Safe drinking and sanitation facilities to the offices High Major Major Contractor will design (i) water supply facilities Minimal and colony, firefighting and cooling, and storm including facilities for firefighting and cooling, water design drainage facilities in the converter and (ii) sanitation facilities with septic tanks, and (iii) grid stations. Improper design of these facilities storm water management facilities with pose risk to workers’ health and safety. sedimentation ponds and connecting them to local streams. Oil spills and leaks from the transformers and High Major Major Contractor will design oil containment and Minimal reactors (these spills have potential to contaminate recuperation systems around all transformers soil and water resources) and oil-filled reactors

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Potential impacts Sensitivity Magnitude Significance Mitigation and Enhancement Measure Residual before Mitigation Significance Social Impacts from Project Siting Land Acquisition and Resettlement of 51 land Very high Major Critical Cash compensation at replacement cost and Moderate owners and 8 share croppers (total affected market rates for land, structures, wells and trees households are 59 and affected people are 354) as per RAP. from the converter and grid stations [the losses are: Community development activities in the 145 acres of agriculture land including a peach nearby villages by NTDC as part of CASA 1000 orchard (with 128 peach trees) 15 structures (7 Project cattle sheds/ 8 pump houses), 8 tube wells, 17 fig trees and 357 wood trees] Impact on income and livelihood sources of High Major Major Additional cash compensation and livelihood Moderate converter and grid station affected households (11 assistance as per RAP households with complete loss of land and 15 poor households) Impact on agriculture land of 18 acres (from 29 High Major Major Cash compensation for crops (two seasons) and Moderate households from transmission line towers and trees at market rates other 92 acres (from 88 households) from right of way of transmission line (total affected households are 117 and affected people are 753) and 93 wood trees. Environmental Impacts during Construction Stage Risk of soil and water pollution from construction Medium Moderate Moderate Implementation of soil and pollution control Minimal activities measures as specified in ECPs. Dust and noise from construction activities Medium Moderate Moderate Maintenance of construction equipment and Minimal vehicles; and implementation of ECPs Waste generation and disposal (materials and solid Medium Moderate Moderate Proper collection and disposal of waste in the Minimal waste) local municipal waste disposal facilities Procurement of quarry material Medium Minimal Minimal Procurement from existing government Minimal approved quarry sites Social Impacts during construction stage Community health and safety from construction Medium Moderate Moderate Traffic, noise and dust control measures in Minimal traffic and activities accordance with ECPs.

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Potential impacts Sensitivity Magnitude Significance Mitigation and Enhancement Measure Residual before Mitigation Significance Workers health and safety (risk associated with Medium Moderate Moderate Occupational health and safety measures; and Minimal working at height and electrical equipment; and adequate facilities in the construction camps in inadequate facilities in construction camps) accordance with ECPs. Employment opportunities for local communities Medium Moderate Moderate Preference to the local communities; in the (positive) construction works Security concerns for the foreign workers Very High Moderate Major NTDC will deploy Frontier Corps of Pakistan and Minimal its own security staff for security of foreigners Environmental impacts during operation and maintenance stage Improved power supply in Peshawar and nearby Very high Major Critical (positive) Adequate maintenance of the facilities in load centers in the country during summer months accordance with the standard operating of May to September. practices of NTDC Risk of bird collision and electrocution from the High Minor Moderate Insulation of exposed parts of the tower Minimal transmission line structure Generation of wastes from the offices and colonies Medium Moderate Moderate Material management through a central local of Minimal NTDC in Lahore. Solid waste disposal in the local available municipal waste disposal sites. Impact on soil and groundwater quality High Major Major Regular maintenance of oil containment Minimal facilities and monitoring; and also storm water drainage facilities. Social Impacts during operation and maintenance stage Workers health and safety High Major Major Implementation of Standard operating Minimal procedures (SOPs) of NTDC Community health and safety High Minor Moderate Maintenance of water supply, sanitation and Minimal drainage facilities in the residential colony. Safety barriers and signage to avoid electrocution.

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5.2 Environmental Considerations during Project Design Audible Noise Generated from the Equipment Much of the equipment in the converter and grid stations generates acoustic noise during their operation and typical noise levels generated by the equipment are given in Table 5.5. The impact of these noise levels on the nearby village are minimal since the nearest residences are located about 800 m away from the converter and grid stations site. However, the impact of noise levels on the employees working in the offices close to these facilities will be major. Acoustic noise will also be generated by the transmission lines, particularly during wet weather (during rains). Generally, in dry weather the corona sources that generates audible noises are few, but in wet conditions water drops on conductor produces large number of corona discharges and thereby creating bursts of noise. The nearest residences from the proposed transmission line are located about 200 m away and hence the impacts of noise levels from the transmission lines are expected to be minimal. Table 5.5: Noise levels from the converter and grid stations equipment

Equipment Noise level, dB (A) AC harmonic filter capacitors 80 Converter transformer 105 Valve cooling (air blast coolers) 100 Transformer cooling 105 AC harmonic filter reactor 100 DC smoothing reactor 110 Source: Feasibility Study of CASA 1000

Mitigation The national standards on noise levels are given in Table 1.6. The standards on the residential areas zone should be complied at the offices, control rooms, relay rooms, employee colonies and at the periphery of the station through appropriate design features. Contractor will design (i) equipment that generate low sound levels, (ii) equipment layout to minimize the acoustic noise and (iii) acoustic barriers (walls or enclosures) wherever necessary to maintain noise levels that comply with national standards at offices, and residential colony and at periphery of the station. The contractor shall perform noise measurements during commissioning that the standards are complied with. Further, the proposed 3 m of buffer zone around the fencing of the station with plantation will also help minimizing the noise levels generated from the station.

Table 5.6: Standards for Noise

Sr. Category of Area / Zone Daytime Night-time No. (6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) 1(0:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.) 1 Residential Area (A) 55 45 2 Commercial Area (B) 65 55 3 Industrial Area (C) 75 65

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Exposure to EMF and Radio Interferences Transmission lines and grid station equipment generate electrical and magnetic fields (EMF) which are considered to be health hazards although it was not scientifically proven. The exposure limits for EMF fields developed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) - a non-governmental organization formally recognized by WHO7, are given in Table 5.6. Table 5.7: Standards for EMF Exposure

Electric Field (kV/m) Magnetic Field (µT) Public Exposure 5 200 Occupational 10 1000 Exposure

The radio interference level from the electromagnetic or electrostatic radiation generated by the station and the transmission lines will affect the telecommunications. The radio interference levels shall not exceed8 100 microvolt/m at the offices and residential areas under fair weather conditions. Mitigation Exposure to EMF and noise levels will be assessed during the design stage, and the residential colonies will be located at a sufficient distance away from the grid station facilities to ensure compliance with the internationally recognized standards. Hence no additional mitigation measures are proposed. The electric and magnetic fields will be regularly monitored during O&M phase to ensure compliance with the ICNIRP standards and if required additional mitigation measures will be proposed during O&M phase. The radio interference levels will also be complied through appropriate design features. Safe Drinking Water, Sanitation and Drainage Facilities Municipal water supply, sewerage and storm water drainage facilities do not exist in the project area. Hence all these facilities should be newly developed for the subproject. Groundwater is being extensively used in the project area for drinking and irrigation purposes, and the groundwater yields are generally high due to presence of alluvial aquifers and recharge from Kabul River. Improper design of these facilities pose risk to workers’ health and safety. Mitigation Safe drinking facilities will be established to the offices and colony and also for the requirements of firefighting and cooling in the subproject. Exiting tube wells will be developed for these water supply facilities or new water wells will be drilled if required. The wells that will be developed for water supply will be located minimum 500m away from any agricultural wells located outside the boundary to avoid any hydraulic interferences with those wells. These facilities will be established by the contractor in the initial stages of construction to supply for their offices and camps. The contractor will also design adequate sanitation facilities with the septic tanks for offices, residential colonies and also for construction camps. The contractor will also design stormwater drainage facilities in and around the grid and converter stations for collection and disposal of rainwater. The storm water drainage facilities will include a sedimentation pond for collection of water and then discharge of sediment free water to the natural stream located on the western side of the converter and grid stations site.

7 EMF Fields, WHO Webpage http://www.who.int/peh-emf/standards/en/ 8 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Standard 430-1986

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Risk of Oil Spills and Leaks from Transformers and Reactors Fuels, oils and lubricants will be used in transformers and reactors. There will be risk of leakages from these equipment and spillages during storage and handling. These leaks and spills will contaminate soil and water resources in the subproject area. Mitigation Contractor will design oil containment and recuperation systems around all transformers and oil-filled reactors. The storage facilities for oils will designed in the bunded areas and will be covered on the top to avoid direct expose to sunlight and rain. 5.3 Social Impacts from Project Siting Land Acquisition and Resettlement from the Converter and Grid Stations Site The development of converter and grid stations site will require acquisition of 145 acres of agriculture land including a peach orchard (with 128 peach trees), 15 structures (8 pump houses and 7 cattle sheds), 8 tube wells, 17 fig trees and 357 wood trees. The total households affected by this acquisition are 59 (51 households are owners of the land and 8 are share croppers) and total affected people in these households are 354. The land acquisition will have a significant impact on the land owners and their livelihoods. Mitigation A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has been prepared for this subproject as a separate document. Cash compensation will be paid for all losses at the replacement cost and market value. Community development activities, such as strengthening local health facilities, primary schools, vocational training centers, water supply and sanitation schemes, etc. will be carried out in the nearby villages of the converter and grid stations and also along the proposed HVDC transmission line through CASA- 1000 (about USD 10 million have been proposed by NTDC under CASA-1000 for the community development programs; and these programs will be designed during implementation stage of this project). Impact on income and livelihood sources and vulnerable households The land acquisition will have significant impact on the livelihood of the affected households, especially on 11 households who will completely lose all of their land and 15 low income poor households. Mitigation Livelihood restoration measures have been recommended in the RAP. Additional cash compensation will be paid to the vulnerable households. Impact on agricultural land from transmission lines and towers No permanent land acquisition will be required for footprints of tower location and also for right way for the transmission line. There will be a temporary impact, through loss of crops, on the 18 acres of agriculture land (that belongs to 29 households) for construction of towers and on 92 acres of land (that belongs to 88 households) from right of way of transmission line. About 93 wood trees will be cut from the right of the transmission line. The construction and stringing operations at each towers site will be completed within 6 months and will impact for a loss of two crops. The total affected households for transmission line component are 117 and affected people are 753. Details of affected land and households are given in Table 5.8.

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Table 5.8: Details of Affected Households from Transmission Line

Village Affected Households (AHs) Affected Persons (APs) Affected Land, acres Azakhel Bala 21 151 21 Dagi Jadeed 27 184 40 Dagi Qadeem 12 70 Pakhtun Ghari 5 36 15 Chowki Drub 5 33 Pabbi 17 96 Aman Kot 30 216 33 Total 117 786 109

Mitigation The RAP, that has been prepared for this subproject as a separate document will also cover the losses and entitlements from the transmission line component. Cash compensation for crops (two seasons) and trees at market rates 5.4 Environmental Impacts from Construction Risk of Soil and Water Pollution from Construction Works The soil and groundwater resources will be at risk of pollution from the construction activities. Earth works for site preparation and foundation during rainy periods may carry the sediment load to the nearby streams. Waste water discharges from the construction activities and construction camps will impact the water quality in the streams. Other potential sources of soil and water pollution are improper storage and handling of materials, including hazardous materials, discharges from the construction sites and material storages, lack of proper drainage facilities, spillage of fuels, erosion from material stock piles, etc. Mitigation Storm water drainage from the construction areas will be collected to the sedimentation ponds for settling of sediments and the sediment free water will be discharged to the natural stream located on the western boundary. Environmental Code of Practices (ECPs) with best construction practices to mitigate all potential impacts from construction activities are given in Annex 1 and also will be included in the contractor’s bid documents. The mitigation measures to address impacts on soil and water pollution are given in ECP 2 (Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management), ECP 3 (Water Resources Management), ECP 4 (Drainage Management), ECP 5 (Soil Quality Management), ECP 6 (Erosion and Sediment Control), and ECP 7 (Top Soil Management). The Contractor will strictly adhere to the mitigation measures. According to these ECPs, the contractor will also be required to take appropriate measures to avoid and contain any spillage and pollution of the soil and water resources. Dust and Noise from Construction Activities During construction, air and noise emissions from the construction activities will cause temporary nuisances to the residents of the nearby villages. The nearest residences are located about 800 from the boundary of the converter and grid stations site and hence these impacts are expected to be minimal. The expected noise levels from the construction activities are estimated and presented in Table 5.9. In general, the noise levels are within the standards at a distance of 800m (the nearest receptors) from the construction activities. However, the construction of transmission line may cause some temporary disturbances since at some locations residences are located about 200 m away from the line.

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Table 5.9: Estimated Noise Levels During Construction

Activity Predicted Stage of Description of Key activities LAeq,10m noise at work works dB 800 m, dB Site Earth works Earthmoving 90 47 preparation Site compounds Excavation works 90 37 and set-up Transport and 70 30 handling of soil/ materials Storage of soil/ 88 48 materials Preparation of 86 46 materials (cutting, grinding) Construction Ground Earthworks 90 51 of preparation foundations Building/equipment Transport and 70 30 and foundation handling of soil / buildings construction materials Internal roads Concrete 95 42 batching

Mitigation Contractor will be required to implement the mitigation measures provided in ECPs to address air and noise quality impacts (see ECPs 10 and 11 in Annex 1 on air and noise quality management). Machinery and vehicles causing excess pollution would be banned from the construction sites. Construction equipment and vehicles will be well maintained, so that emissions are minimal and comply with emission standards of NEQS. Dust generation from construction sites would be restricted as much as possible, and water sprinkling would be carried out through the construction period. Construction activities near the settlements will be limited to day time only (8 am to 6 pm). High noise producing equipment will be provided with mufflers or acoustic enclosures. Waste generation and disposal Construction works will generate large quantities of excess materials from construction sites (concrete, discarded material) and wastes from workers’ camp and construction yards, including garbage, recyclable waste, food waste, and other debris. According to estimates of EPA Punjab, the solid waste generation in Pakistan ranges between 0.283 to 0.612 kg/capita/day. Considering the higher side, the average solid waste generated from the 200 construction workers would be 122 kg/day. No cut and fill activities are expected at the grid station site since it is a gentle rolling terrain. Hence No spoils (excess earth material) are expected to be generate from the construction activities. Improper management of wastes, especially fuels and lubricants, may harm the environment and health of construction workers.

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Mitigation Management of wastes, including solid and hazardous wastes, are given in ECPs (See ECP1 on Waste Management and ECP 2 on Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management in Annex 1 for detailed mitigation measures). Before commencing the construction activities, the contractor will be required to prepare Waste Management Plan in accordance with the ECPs and submit it to the PMU for their review and approval. Since its proximity to Nowshera and Peshawar cities, the waste disposal facilities available in these cities will be used for disposal of various wastes. No site specific disposal facilities will be developed for the Nowshera subproject. Siting of any fuel and hazardous material storage sites, including refueling facilities, batching plants and construction yards will be located within the proposed converter and grid stations site, and 100 m away from stream. Procurement of Quarry Material Quarry material will be required for construction of foundation, concrete structures and covering open areas between transformer plinths in the grid station, and also for internal road works. The amount of aggregates required for construction will be estimated during the design phase. Sourcing of material from the quarry areas will have significant impacts on the local air quality and noise levels due to blasting and crushing activities. The topography and natural topography at the quarry sites will be affected by the quarrying. The transport of material from quarry sites to the construction areas will have impact on the local roads. Mitigation No quarry sites will be developed for this project. The contractor will procure material from the market and approved quarry sites. Existing and government approved quarry sites are located within the Nowshera district. Material for this subproject will be sourced from the existing quarry sites and no new quarry areas will be developed. 5.5 Social Impacts from Construction Community Health and Safety Community health and safety impacts during the construction of converter and grid stations facilities are common to those of most large industrial facilities. These impacts include, among others, dust, noise, and vibration from construction vehicles, and communicable diseases associated with the influx of temporary construction labor (total work force will be around 150 to 200; in which 25 to 50 will be outside workers and these workers will be placed in a camp to be established within the converter and grid stations site). Influx of outside workers can potentially cause conflict between the project personnel and the local community. This could be because of differences in culture, religion, social norms, acceptable social behavior, and even dress code. Increased use of trucks and other construction vehicles on the local roads, particularly for transmission line (major roads will be used converter and grid stations site), will expose the elderly people, women and children to dangerous situations, which may lead to traffic accidents; and also will affect the local traffic. Hazards most directly related to grid station and other related facilities occur as a result of electrocution from direct contact with high-voltage electricity or from contact with tools, vehicles, ladders, or other devices that are in contact with high-voltage electricity. Mitigation Mitigation measures to address traffic related impacts and influx of outside workers are given in ECPs. Contractor will prepare a traffic management plan and it will be implemented with aim at ensuring access to residential areas and construction areas, and preventing unsafe situations. Contractor will develop adequate facilities for the construction workers, including prayer and entertainment facilities so that there will be minimum interaction between them and local communities. The construction areas will be secured with appropriate barriers and signs to prevent the local communities to enter in the construction areas. Education/ public outreach activities will also be carried out to prevent public

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contact with potentially dangerous equipment. There will be appropriate medical services and a facility with the capacity to treat emergency cases and trauma patients. To address social conflicts between local communities and labour workforce, the contractor will prepare and implement a Code of Conduct (the guidance is available in ECPs 15 and 16 on Construction Camp Management; and Cultural and Religious Issues) for all site personnel, in consultation and coordination with the local community; and all site personnel will be provided orientation and training on Code of Conduct. Awareness raising materials such as posters and signage will be used as appropriate. Workers health and safety Some of the Occupational Health and Safety risks which are likely to arise during the construction phase of the Project, and are typical to many construction sites, include: exposure to physical hazards from use of heavy equipment including cranes; working at height and electrical equipment; trip and fall hazards; exposure to dust, noise and vibrations; falling objects; exposure to hazardous materials; and exposure to electrical hazards from the use of tools and machinery. Mitigation Occupational health and safety procedures will be enforced at site. Contractor will be required to prepare, obtain approval of, and implement an occupational health and safety (OHS) plan, which is to prepare in compliance with ECP 17 on Workers Health and Safety (Annex 1) and World Bank Group’s Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines. Appropriate personal protection equipment (PPE), such as safety shoes, helmets, ear mufflers, safety glasses, etc. will be given to the construction workers by the Contractor and necessary training will be provided in occupational health and safety. Only trained workers will be used to deal with the live power lines or deactivating and properly grounding live power distribution lines before work is performed on, or in close proximity, to the lines. Adequate safe drinking water and sanitation facilities will be provided in the construction camps and work sites. Employment opportunities for local communities About 150 to 200 skilled and non skilled workers will be required during construction on continuous basis for about 3 years. The project offers good opportunities for local residents to apply for employment as unskilled and skilled construction workers. Contractor will be recommended to employ local workers and technicians to the extent possible. All these new opportunities for work for local residents could boost employment and improve the social and economic position of the population on short time. This will be a major and significant positive impact of the project. Security Concerns for Foreign Workers Security is a major concern in this area, particularly for the foreigners working in the Nowshera subproject. Mitigation NTDC will deploy a platoon of Frontier Corps of Pakistan and its own security staff for security of foreigners. NTDC security will include about 40 security staff, who will be supervised by a security officer. Extensive security arrangements will also be made during operation (which are described in Section 3.4). 5.6 Environmental Impacts from O&M Improved power supply in Peshawar and nearby load centers The Nowshera subproject would supply about 1300 MW of energy during summer months of May to September (from CASA-1000 Project) to Peshawar and other load centers in KP and northern Pakistan. This additional power supply would address the current energy crisis in this region during summer

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months by eliminating the load shedding and power cuts; and would lead to economic growth and increased employment in the region. Mitigation The converter and grid stations facilities will be maintained in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of NTDC to ensure the desired benefits are long lasting. Risk of Bird Collision and Electrocution with the Transmission Line and Towers High power transmission lines are already passing through the subproject area. Based on interviews with the local communities, it was observed that no bird collision or electrocution is observed in this area. In Pakistan there is total lack of observational and data-collection or reporting system or systematic studies on collisions of birds with Power Lines or their electrocution. In other countries alarming number collisions are estimated, particularly of the big size raptors such as golden eagles and buzzards, more particularly the juveniles. Since Kabul River is a part of Indus flyway for migratory birds, there is a risk of collision for the birds with the transmission line. Power line structures (towers) provide perching, roosting, and nesting substrates for some avian species especially for birds of prey, storks and crane. Due to their large wingspans, the raptors may simultaneously come in contact with two energized parts or one energized and one neutral/grounded part of the transmission lines/their towers, potentially resulting in electrocution. Although raptors are most often considered when addressing electrocution risk, other birds such as crows, ravens, magpies, small flocking birds and wading birds can also be electrocuted. Closely-spaced exposed equipment, such as jumper wires on transformers, poses an electrocution risk to small birds. Wing spans of large birds that pass through Kabul River are given in Table 5.10. Table 5.10: Wingspans of large birds on Indus flyway

Name of Bird Wingspan 1. Black stork (Cconia nigra) 1.8 m 2. White-necked stork (Ciconia episcopus) 1.80 m 3. White stork (Ciconia ciconia) up to 2 m. 4. Black-necked stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus) 2.3–2.7 m 5. Graylag goose (Anser anser) 1.5 to 1.8 m 6. Bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) 1.68 m 7. Lammergeyer (Gypaetus barbatus) 2.3 - 2.8 m 8. Eurasian griffon (Gyps fulvus) 2.3–2.8 m 9. Himalayan griffon vulture (Gyps himalyansis) 2.6 m 10. Short-toed eagle (Circaetus gallicus) 1.70-1.85 m 11. Marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) 1.15 to 1.30 m 12. Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) 1.03–1.17 m 13. peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) 0.78-1.22 m 14. Eurasian Sparrow-hawk (Accepter nisus) up to 0.80 m 15. Tawny eagle (Aquila rapex) 1.59-1.83 m 16. Steppe eagle (Aquila rapex nepalensis) 1.65 m

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Name of Bird Wingspan 17. Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) 1.5 to 2.4 m 18. Imperial eagle (Aquila haliaca) 2.14 m 19. Bonnelli’s eagle (Hieraaetus fasciatus) 1.5 – 1.8 m 20. Booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) 1.2 m 21. Common crane (Grus grus) 1.8–2.4 m 22. Demoiselle crane (Anthropoids virgo) 1.55–1.8 m 24. Raven (Corvus corax) up to 1.3 m

The maximum wingspan of the birds is generally within 3m. Hence, mitigation to prevent or reduce the bird electrocution is possible by maintaining a minimum distance of 3 m between the conductors. In the standard design of the 500 kV transmission line of NTDC, the distance between vertical and horizontal conductors is more than 10m; which is much higher than the wingspan of the birds. Hence no bird electrocution is expected with 500 kV transmission line through touching of two conductors. There are no staging areas for the migratory birds in the project area and hence the birds continue to fly over the Kabul River without descending down and hence there is no bird collision is also expected. Further, the proposed transmission lines are located about 3 km away from the Kabul River. Hence the risk of bird collision and electrocution from the subproject is not expected to be significant. Mitigation The standard design of NTDC transmission lines, with more than 10 m spacing between two conductors, will avoid any risk of bird electrocution due to their large wingspan. In addition, the exposed coverings and parts of the structure will be insulated to avoid any electrocution of birds. If any future monitoring suggests a risk bird collision along these transmission lines, at such places NTDC will install high visibility subjects such color balls or bird deterrent devices. Generation of Waste Various types of wastes will be generated during regular operations of the grid stations. These include materials related to the electric equipment which are broken or not useful, scrap material and used oils. Solid wastes will also be generated from the officers and employee colonies. Mitigation The material waste generated from the various grid stations of NTDC will be managed by a central warehouse of NTDC at Lahore, where it will be reused or recycled. Solid waste will be regularly collected from the offices and colony and will be disposed in the municipal waste disposal sites available at Nowshera. Impact on soil and groundwater quality Fuels, oils and lubricants will be used in transformers and reactors. There will be potential leakages from the transformers and spillages will also occur during storage and handling. Improper management storm water drainage and septic tank facilities may also affect the soil and groundwater quality. Mitigation Storm water drains and septic tanks will be regularly maintained to avoid any contamination of soil and water resources. Transformers and storage facilities for fuels will be regularly monitored for leakages. If any leakages noticed, these will be contained with absorbent material and immediate

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cleanup will be taken up. The contaminated soils will be disposed as a hazardous material. Experienced workers will only be involved in handling of the fuels. Absorbent and containment material will be used around the oil storage facilities. 5.7 Social Impacts from O&M Workers health and safety Workers may be exposed to occupational hazards from contact with live power lines during, maintenance, and operation activities. They are also exposed to occupational hazards (electrocution, EMF, hazardous materials such as oils) when working at elevation during maintenance, and operation activities. Mitigation NTDC has Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) on Workers Health and Safety and these will be implemented during the operation. Regular training will be provided to the staff on the SOPs and risk registers (reporting and recording of accidents and near misses) will be maintained. NTDC’s SPOs are on Workers Health and Safety are given in Annex 6.

Community health and safety near converter and grid stations The community health and safety impacts associated with the converter and grid stations are limited since the access to this station will be restricted to general public. Inadequate drinking water, sanitation and drainage facilities will have an impact on the families of the employees living in the residential colonies. Generally, EMF and noise emissions from the grid station facilities may affect the community health. Mitigation Safe drinking water, sanitation and drainage facilities will be provided in the employee colony and offices. These facilities will be adequately maintained in accordance with the standard operating practices of NTDC. The colony and converter and grid stations facilities will be regularly swept to improve the cleanliness. As described in Section 5.2, exposure levels to EMF and noise will be considered during the design of the converter and grid station to avoid overexposure to EMF and noise on the residential colony and offices. The EMF and noise levels will be regularly monitored near the offices and colony. All employees of NTDC have access to free medical facilities and their health conditions will be regularly monitored. Safety barriers and signage will be provided to avoid the risk electrocution. 5.8 Cumulative Impacts Cumulative impacts of the Nowshera subproject along with the existing high voltage transmission lines (500 kV from Tarbela and 200 kV from Ghazi Barotha) and the proposed CASA 1000 HVDC line have been discussed here. Cumulative impacts of all these transmission lines will include impact on agricultural lands, loss of property value in the right of way, life safety issues and collision and electrocution of migratory birds. However, these potential effects and risks may be outweighed by the benefits of the power transmission lines to the urban and industrial centers of country.

Agricultural lands will be affected by the construction of transmission line towers and grid stations. Livelihood of the farmers will be affected if there is a reduced access to the lands occupied by the towers. Transmission lines will seriously affect the real estate value of the property that it passes through. Lands with transmission lines will have less market values compared to the neighboring properties. Community Health and Safety Hazards associated with transmission lines are: potential danger for electrocution, from direct contact with high voltage electricity or from contact with tools, vehicles, ladders that are in contact met high voltage transmission

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Kabul River along with the Indus is flyway for migratory birds from Central Asia to Indian Subcontinent. Thousands of birds will travel through this for wintering grounds in sub-continent. Development of many transmission lines may affect the birds through collision and electrocution. In addition, environmental and social issues outlined in this chapter for Nowshera subproject would apply to all existing and proposed transmission lines in this region. Smaller lines that supply power to communities in this regional would likely induce urban and industrial development and increase risk of environmental and social effects from such development.

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6 Environmental Management Plans The basic objective of the ESMP is to manage adverse impacts of proposed project interventions in a way that minimizes the adverse impact on the environment and people at the subproject sties. The specific objectives of the ESMP are to: • Facilitate the implementation of the mitigation measures discussed earlier in the document. • Maximize potential project benefits and control negative impacts; • Draw responsibilities for NTDC, contractors, consultants, and other members of the project team for the environmental and social management of the Project; • Define a monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters in order to: • Ensure the complete implementation of all mitigation measures, • Ensure the effectiveness of the mitigation measures; • Assess environmental training requirements for different stakeholders at various levels. 6.1 Inclusion of Relevant Components of ESMP into Detailed Design The contractor, who prepare detailed engineering designs will be responsible to mainstream the environmental and social issues, identified in the ESIA, ESMP, in to the project design. These include design of facilities considering EMF and noise levels, and community safety; storm water drainage, septic tank and oil storage facilities to avoid soil and water pollution; land scaping and tree plantation; among others. 6.2 Inclusion of Relevant Components of ESMP in Contract Documents The ESMP of the subproject along with the ECPs will be included in the contractors bid documents. NTDC will ensure the contractor carries out his responsibility of implementing the mitigation measures, monitoring plan as well as other environmental and safety measures. 6.3 Institutional Arrangements Project Management Unit The Project implementation will be led by the Project Management Unit (PMU) that was already established within NTDC for Dasu Transmission Line Project. The PMU will be responsible for procurement of contractors for carrying engineering designs and construction. The PMU is headed by the Project Director (PD). The PMU consists of an Environment and Social Impact Cell (ESIC). This ESIC will assist the PD on issues related to environmental and social management and oversee the Design Engineers’ outputs, Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) and contractors and will compile quarterly monitoring reports on ESMP compliance, to be sent to the Project Director and also shared with the World Bank, throughout the construction period. The ESIC will also provide trainings to the NTDC field personnel responsible for monitoring of environmental compliance during both construction and O&M phases of the project. The organogram PMU is shown in Figure 6.1. In addition, NTDC will designate a permanent Environmental, Health and Safety Officer (EHS Officer) in the proposed subproject, who will be responsible for overseeing the environmental mitigation measures during operation and maintenance period. The overall responsibility of environmental performance including ESMP implementation of the Project will rest with the PMU. Aside from their in-house environmental and social specialists, the PMU will engage Project Supervision Consultants (PSC) to supervise the contractors on their execution of construction-related environmental and social management requirements and measures. At present, the ESIC of the PMU has the following environmental and social staff • Deputy Director, Environment

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• Assistant Director, Environment • Assistant Director, Social These three-member team of ESIC is responsible for implementation of all World Bank funded projects including the Nowshera and ISW of NTMP, Dasu Transmission Line Project and Tarbela 5 Transmission Line Project. Since these projects are spread all across Pakistan, the capacity of ESIC needs to be strengthened with additional staff. The following positions are proposed under the NTMP to increase the capacity of ESIC: • Assistant Director, Environment • Assistant Director, Social These two new staff will primarily work for NTMP, and maintain coordination and liaison with the contractors and consultants for effective ESMP implementation. Responsibilities of ESIC are further elaborated in Table 6.1 The existing staff of ESIC have limited access to vehicles and their mobility is seriously constrained by the lack of vehicles. The staff also do not have access to lap tops and cameras. Two new vehicles for ESIC will be provided under NTMP and also laptop computers will be provided to all the staff. Training will be required to the ESCIC staff especially on construction related environmental management, and on construction health and safety. Project Supervision Consultant The Project Supervision Consultant (CSC) will ensure implementation of ESMP by the contractors. The PSC will have the following environmental staff to supervise and monitor the contractors for effective ESMP implementation: • Environmental Health and Safety Specialist • Social Specialist Detailed responsibilities of CSC environmental staff are given in Table 6.1.

NTDC’s ESIC Project Director (PIU)

Environmental and Social Design Engineer and Contractors Impact Cell (ESIC) Construction (Environmental Existing Supervision Consultant Health and Safety (EHS and Social Specialists) (Deputy Director, Asst. Specialists) Director (environment), Asst. Director (social)) Proposed Asst, Director M&E Consultants (Social and (Environment) Resettlement) Asst. Director (Social)

EHS Officer at grid station during O&M Stage

Figure 6.1: Organogram for Environmental and Social Management of the Project

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Contractors The contractors in turn will also have EHS supervisors who will ensure ESMP implementation during construction activities and will be tasked to develop necessary detailed HSE plans as per this ESMP, and oversee their implementation. Responsibilities of contractor’s EHS staff are given in Table 6.1. External Monitoring and Evaluation Consultants The PMU will also engage an independent organization to carry out external monitoring and evaluation on implementation of RAP; however, this component will not involve monitoring and evaluation of ESMP due to limited nature of impacts. The roles and responsibilities of PMU and its consultants are presented in Table 6.1. Table 6.1: Roles and Responsibilities for ESMP Implementation

Organizations Responsibilities PMU/NTDC • Overall responsibility of the ESIA implementation • Ensure that all project activities are well-managed and coordinated. • Applying for environmental clearance of the subproject from EPA • Procurement of works and goods. • Payment of compensation to the project affected people • Recruitment and supervision of Design Engineers and contractors • Recruitment and supervision of Construction Supervision Consultants (CSC) • Recruitment of external monitor • Ensure compliance with World Bank safeguards ESIC within • Review of engineering designs to ensure environmental issues identified in the PMU/NTDC ESMP have been considered in the facilities designs • Update of the ESMP part of the ESIA document based on the detailed designs. • Responsible for assisting PD in reviewing bid documents for inclusion of ESMP measures, supervising construction activities, producing periodic monitoring reports, • Ensuring inclusion of ESMP and ECPs in bidding documents • Providing training on ESMP principles and requirements to CSC, contractors, NTDC field staff, and others as needed to ensure effective implementation of ESMP • Supervising CSC for the implementation of ESMP • Closely coordinate with other concerned agencies, local governments and communities to support implementation of ESMP • Preparation of progress reports on implementation of ESMP. EHS Officer at • Responsible for implementing standard operating practices related to proposed environmental and social issues during operation stage of converter and grid Nowshera station Converter and • Implementation of mitigation and monitoring measures during operation stage Grid Stations of the grid station (water supply and sanitation, land-scaping and tree maintenance, traffic safety, solid waste collection and disposal, OHS issues, etc.) Design Engineer • Design of storm water drains, sewage, and fuel storage facilities to avoid (Contractor) contamination of soil and water resources • Design of grid station facilities to avoid over exposure of EMF and noise • Design of safety barriers and signage to avoid electrocution • Design of green belt and land scaping CSC • Supervise civil works, ensuring compliance with all design parameters including quality requirements • Supervising contractors for ESMP implementation • Prepare monthly reports and submit to PMU • CSC will have dedicated environmental and social staff

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Organizations Responsibilities Contractor • Responsible for implementation of mitigation and monitoring measures proposed in the ESMP • Each contractor will recruit an Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Manager and a social expert, who will be responsible for implementing the contractors’ environmental, health and safety responsibilities, implement the social mitigations at site, and liaising with government agencies. S/he will have adequate number of staff to support him/her for these tasks. M&E Consultant • External Monitoring and evaluation of EMP and RAP

Institutional Capacity of NTDC’s ESIC on ESMP Implementation NTDC has an Environment and Social Impact Cell (ESIC) in its headquarters at Lahore, who will be primarily responsible to ensure adequate implementation of EMP of all other subprojects under NTMP-I in the country. For NTMP-I, they will be responsible in coordinating with the ESIC of PMU. At present, the NTDC’s ESIC has four officers (one Additional Director General, one Deputy Manager and two Assistant Managers). In addition to NTMP-I , they are currently working with 8 international financing institutions (IFIs) for implementation of about 50 projects in the country. Though NTDC’s ESIC has adequate experience in EMP implementation, they have certain limitations in terms of man power and logistics. All its staff are based in Lahore and it doesn’t have any supporting staff and field staff. Considering its current workload, which require lot of attention towards environmental and social safeguards, which commence right from project planning, design, construction and extend up to project completion. The projects financed by IFIs are located throughout Pakistan and require continuous field monitoring and inspection visits. But, unfortunately, the ESIC is not properly equipped with staffing, adequate transport facilities and other monitoring tools like laptops, air and noise monitoring device etc. As a result, proper implementation of EMP provisions during project execution phase cannot be ensured at site, which leads to non-compliances and environmental degradation. Following measures are required for effective function of NTDC’s ESIC cell: a. Hiring of additional staff. b. Providing training in the following fields: • Rapid Assessment of potential project sites for identifying issues which need further detailed study by consultants. • Developing ToRs for ESIA studies; • Monitoring the work of Consultants for fine course correction as needed. • Developing ToRs for Environment Management & Social Action Plan. • Monitoring the implementation of Environment Management & Social Action Plan. • Management Information System (keeping track of what needs to be done when). • Grievances Redressal Mechanism, and how to deal with the community grievances. c. Establishing a GIS Lab (Computers, scanners, digitizer, printer, GIS software) - Protected area maps; terrain models for optimizing the alignment for transmission lines and Substation locations.

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d. Procurement Portable equipment for rapid field assessment: Noise meter, pH meter, Dissolved Oxygen meter, binoculars, camera with built-in GPS; Air Temperature & Humidity meter. GPS. Laptop computers. e. Procurement of Double-cab pick-up with portable lab-equipment and racks for samples etc. Under NTMPI, the following activities are proposed to strengthen the capacity of ESIC: • Hiring of two additional staff (Assistant Director, Environment and Assistant Director, Social) for the PMU. These two staff will work initially with PMU under the supervision of NTDC’s ESIC. After completion of NTMP-I implementation, they can be absorbed by NTDC. • Provision of laptops and cameras to the new staff hired under NTMP1 • Two new vehicles for use by PMU environmental staff • Training on construction related environmental management, and on construction health and safety (further discussed in Section 6.9).

6.4 Environmental and Social Management Environmental and Social Mitigation in Design PMU will ensure that the detailed engineering designs proposed facilities will consider ESMP requirements identified in Table 6.2 (design and pre-construction stage) in to the project designs. These include design of drainage, sewerage, green belt and landscaping, EMF and noise controls, safety barriers and signage, and traffic safety and signals, among others. PMU will include these requirements in the terms of references of the design engineering services. ESIC of PMU will be responsible for review and approval of these designs. Environmental Codes of Practice for Construction The environmental codes of practice (ECPs) are generic, non-site-specific guidelines for the construction phase. The ECPs consist of environmental and social management guidelines and practices to be followed by the contractors for sustainable management of all environmental issues. These ECPs are prepared based on the best industry practices and World Bank EHS guidelines. The contractor will be required to follow them and also use them to prepare site-specific management plans (discussed later in the Section). The ECPs are listed below and attached in Annex 1. • ECP 1: Waste Management • ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management • ECP 3: Water Resources Management • ECP 4: Drainage Management • ECP 5: Soil Quality Management • ECP 6: Erosion and Sediment Control • ECP 7: Top Soil Management • ECP 8: Topography and Landscaping • ECP 9: Borrow Areas Management • ECP 10: Air Quality Management • ECP 11: Noise and Vibration Management

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• ECP 12: Protection of Flora • ECP 13: Protection of Fauna • ECP 14: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management • ECP 15: Construction Camp Management • ECP 16: Cultural and Religious Issues • ECP 17: Workers Health and Safety

Mitigations and Compliance Monitoring Plans The mitigation and compliance monitoring plans are the key element of ESMP to be prepared on the basis of impact assessment described in Chapter 5. The Plans describe the potentially negative impacts of each subproject activity, lists mitigation and control measures to address the negative impacts, and assigns responsibilities for implementation and monitoring of these measures. The Plans are given in Table 6.2. Construction Stage Site Specific Management Plans Contractor will be required to prepare site specific management plans, before contractor mobilization and commencement of construction works, for approval of PMU and CSC. • Pollution Prevention Plan will be prepared and implemented by the contractors on the basis of the ECPs and WBG EHS Guidelines (2007). • Waste Disposal and Effluent Management Plan will be prepared and implemented by the Contractor on the basis of the ESMP, ECP, and WBG EHS Guidelines (2007). • Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Plan: Separate water supply and sanitation provisions will be needed for the temporary facilities including offices, labor camps and workshops in order not to cause shortages and/or contamination of existing drinking water sources. • Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Plan will be prepared and implemented by each contractor on the basis of the WBG EHS Guidelines (2007), ECPs, and other relevant standards. • Quarry Area Management Plan will be prepared and implemented by each contractor on the basis of the WBG EHS Guidelines (2007), ECPs, and other relevant standards. • Traffic Management Plan will be prepared by each contractor after discussion with NTDC and authorities responsible for roads and traffic. The Plan will be submitted to the CSC for their review and approval before contractor mobilization. The Plan will identify the routes to be used by the contractors, procedures for the safety of the local community particularly pedestrians, and monitoring mechanism to avoid traffic congestion. • Construction Camp Management Plan will be prepared by each contractor. The Plan will include the camp layout, details of various facilities including supplies, storage, and disposal. • Fuel and Hazardous Substances Management Plan will be prepared by each contractor in accordance with the standard operating procedures, WBG EHS Guidelines (2007) and other relevant guidelines, and where applicable, material safety data sheets (MSDS). The Plan will include the procedures for handling the oils and chemical spills. • Emergency Preparedness Plan will be prepared by each contractor after assessing potential risks and hazards that could be encountered during construction. • Communication Plan to deal with the interaction of the community, complaints management, workers recruitment, notice of works and workers conduct with locals.

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Table 6.2: Mitigation and Compliance Monitoring Plan

Environmental and Issues/Impacts/impact sources Responsibility Mitigation Measures sustainability issue Execution Monitoring 1. Design and Pre- Construction Phase 1.1 Audible noise • Audible noise will be generated by • Design of equipment and its layout will ensure Contractor PMU most of converter equipment noise levels will comply with the national during operation standards at offices and colony 1.2 EMF and radio • EMFs will affect the health and • WHO endorsed standards on EMF and international Contractor PMU interference radio interferences will affect the standards on radio interference will be complied telecommunications through design considerations 1.3 Water supply, • Lack of safe drinking and sanitation • Adequate safe drinking water, sanitation and Contractor PMU sanitation and facilities affect the health of NTDC storm water design, and fuel storage facilities will drainage facilities staff working in the grid station be designed in the proposed converter and grid • Improper treatment and disposal of station and residential colony drainage and sewerage will affect • Sanitation facilities will be designed with septic soil and water resources tanks and storm water drainage facilities will be designed with sedimentation ponds. 1.4 Oil spills and • Oils used in transformers and • design oil containment and recuperation systems Contractor PMU leaks reactors, if leaked will contaminate around all transformers and oil-filled reactors soil and water 1.4 Land • Acquisition of 145 acres of land • Cash compensation at replacement cost as per NTDC PMU Acquisition and from the converter and grid RAP External Resettlement stations site; and temporary • Livelihood restoration assistance Monitor disturbance to about 110 acres of land for transmission line 2. Construction Phase 2.1 Soil and Water • Pollution from construction • Implement ECPs 3, 4, 5 and 6 Contractor CSC, PMU Pollution activities and storage facilities. • Sedimentation pods will be provided for collection of storm water drainage. For effluents to be

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Environmental and Issues/Impacts/impact sources Responsibility Mitigation Measures sustainability issue Execution Monitoring • Waste water from construction discharged from workshops, camps, and offices, camps, offices and warehouses. treatment arrangements such as retention ponds • Spillage of fuels, oils, and waste and septic tanks will be incorporated in the facility effluents from workshops designs. • Erosion from construction works 2.3 Air Quality • Emissions from construction • Implement measures in ECP 10 Air Quality Contractor CSC, PMU related traffic and machinery. Management. Dust generation will be restricted as • Dust from works, other machinery, much as possible and water sprinkling carried out concrete mixing, and traffic from as appropriate, especially where earthmoving, and trucks and vehicles. excavation are carried out. • Emissions from construction equipment and traffic will comply with NEQS. • Machinery and vehicles will be well maintained, and vehicles causing excess pollution will be banned from construction sites 2.4 Noise • High noise levels from vehicles, • Limit the noisy construction activities to daylight Contractor CSC, PMU machinery, concrete mixing, and hours at residential areas other construction activities may • Maintain the equipment and vehicles as per cause nuisance to local community manufacturer guidelines • Comply with NEQS and World Bank EHS guidelines

2.5 Waste • Waste will be generated from the • Implement the mitigation measures provided in Contractor CSC, PMU construction activities including ECPs for waste management, including hazardous construction sites and construction waste camps • Collection of disposal of waste in nearby municipal waste disposal facilities at Nowshera • Recyclable and hazardous waste will be sold to the EAP approved vendors 2.6 Procurement of • Dust and noise from material • No quarry sites will be developed by the project. Contractor CSC, PMU Quarry Material transport • Quarry and borrow material will be procured from • the local market

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Environmental and Issues/Impacts/impact sources Responsibility Mitigation Measures sustainability issue Execution Monitoring • Use only existing government approved quarry sites 2.7 Community • Community health and safety • Traffic management plan by the contractor in Contractor CSC, PMU Health and Safety hazards at the construction sites accordance with ECPs (dust, noise, traffic accidents, etc.) • Public will be barred from construction sites through access control • Establishing adequate facilities at the construction camp (mosque and entertainment) to minimize interaction between construction workers and local community 2.8 Workers Health • Exposure to physical hazards from • Implement ECP 17: Workers Health and Safety, Contractor CSC, PMU and Safety use of heavy equipment, cranes; ECP 16: Construction Camp Management and electrical hazards from the use • Appropriate PPE to the workers and training in use of tools and machinery of these PPES • Trip and fall hazards • Trained workers will be involved when working with live wires, operating equipment and handling hazardous materials 2.9 Security • Security concerns for foreign • Deployment of Frontier Corps of Pakistan and NTDC PMU workers NTDC security staff 3. Operation and Maintenance Phase 3.1 Avian risk • Risk of bird collision and • Insulation of exposed parts of the tower structure Contractor NTDC electrocution from the transmission line 3.2 Generation of • Disposal of broken equipment, • The material waste will be collected by the central Station NTDC Waste scrap material and used oils; and warehouse of NTDC (located in Lahore), where it Operator solid waste from the offices and will be reused or recycled. colony. • Disposal of solid waste in the nearby municipal disposal sites

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Environmental and Issues/Impacts/impact sources Responsibility Mitigation Measures sustainability issue Execution Monitoring 3.2 Soil and • Leakage and spillage fuels, • Regular monitoring of transformers and oil storage Station NTDC groundwater lubricants and oils areas for leakages; and if noticed immediate Operator pollution containment of these facilities. • Oil storage facilities above bunded areas and covered on tope (to avoid rain and sunlight) with secondary containment areas; 3.3 Community • Drinking water supply and • Regular maintenance of water supply, sanitation Station NTDC health and safety sanitation facilities for employee and drainage facilities in the colony and offices. Operator colony 3.4 Occupational • Occupational hazards associated • Implement NTDC Standard Operating Procedures Station NTDC health and safety with handling of electrical (SOPs) for Workers Health and Safety. Operator equipment and machinery.

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6.5 Monitoring Program As one of the key elements of the ESMP, a two-tier monitoring program has been proposed comprising compliance monitoring and effects monitoring. The main purpose of this monitoring program is to ensure that the various tasks detailed in the ESMP particularly the mitigation measures are implemented in an effective manner, and also to evaluate program impacts on the key environment and social parameters. Both these types of ESMP monitoring are discussed below. Compliance Monitoring The purpose of the compliance monitoring is to ensure that the contractor implements the mitigation measures given in the ESMP are effectively and timely implemented. This monitoring will generally be carried out by the CSC with the help of checklists prepared on the basis of the mitigation measures given in Chapter 5 and Table 6.2. Effects Monitoring Effects monitoring is a very important aspect of environmental management to safeguard the protection of environment. The effects monitoring plan proposed for the subproject is presented in Table 6.3. The monitoring will comprise surveillance to check whether the contractor is meeting the provisions of the contract during construction and operation of the project including the responsible agencies for implementation and supervision. Compliance indicators or threshold limits for the monitoring are also given in Table 6.3. Monitoring required during design and pre-construction stage is also included in this table for easy reference. Table 6.3: Effects Monitoring Plan

Monitoring Location Means of Compliance Frequency Responsible Agency Parameter/ Monitoring indicator/ Activity threshold limits Implement Super- ation vision During Construction Hydrocarbon Construction Visual No leakages from Monthly Contractor CSC and chemical camps and Inspection of the containers in storage and yards storage facilities the storage. handling Handling follows procedures to avoid spillages. Traffic Safety Access Roads Mobile Smooth flowing of Monthly Contractor CSC monitoring for traffic; and traffic placement of traffic management signs and flag- person Dust Construction Visual No dust generation Daily Contractor CSC sites inspection to from the ensure good construction standard activities equipment is in use and dust suppression measures (e.g., spraying of waters) are in place.

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Monitoring Location Means of Compliance Frequency Responsible Agency Parameter/ Monitoring indicator/ Activity threshold limits Implement Super- ation vision Material Visual No dust generation Monthly Contractor CSC storage sites inspection to from the material ensure dust storage sites suppression work plan is being implemented Noise Construction Noise Compliance with Weekly Contractor CSC sites measurement NEQS standards. using potable Baseline data will noise meter; be established by contractor during pre-construction Waste Construction Waste Facilities are clean Monthly Contractor CSC Management camps and management as and waste construction per the collection and sites approved plan disposal facilities are in place Drinking water Camps, offices Testing of water NEQS drinking Annually Contractor CSC quality quality of water standards worker’s camp water supply for drinking water standards Cultural and At all work Visual Indication of chance Daily Contractor CSC, archeological sties observation for finds NTDC Sites chance finds

Restoration of All Work Sites Visual The facilities are After Contractor CSC, Work Sites Inspection clean with no waste completio NTDC at the works sites n of all works Safety of At work sites Usage of All workers should Monthly Contractor CSC, workers Personal be provided with, NTDC Monitoring Protective and use necessary and reporting equipment and PPEs accidents implementation of contractor OHS plan Grievances In the project Number of Minutes of Monthly PMU CSC, area grievances grievance redress NTDC registered and meetings addressed Labour related Within the Number of Minutes of Monthly PMU CSC, issues (hiring camp and grievances grievance redress NTDC of child labour; worksites registered and meetings conflicts with addressed community) During Operation and Maintenance

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Monitoring Location Means of Compliance Frequency Responsible Agency Parameter/ Monitoring indicator/ Activity threshold limits Implement Super- ation vision Inspection as Grid Station Visual Comply with SOPs Monthly EHS officer NTDC per Standard Site Inspection of Operating environmental Procedures related issues Land scaping Grid station Visual Maintain the tree Monthly EHS officer NTDC and green belt site inspection for coverage tree survival and replanting if required. Groundwater Upstream and Sampling and Close to the Annually EHS officer NTDC Quality downstream analysis of baseline data (in May, of grid station groundwater before site samples monsoon) Oil leakages Power Visual No oil leakages Weekly EHS officer NTDC around the Transformers inspection transformers Fire fighting Grid Station Visual Design intact and Weekly EHS officer NTDC system inspection operative Cleanliness Grid Station Visual Facilities are clean Weekly EHS officer NTDC Site Inspection with no garbage Workers and Grid Station Visual Use of necessary Monthly EHS officer NTDC community Site inspection on PPEs by workers health and health and safety safety issues Drinking water Residential Visual Availability of safe Monthly EHS Officer NTDC and sanitation areas and inspection and drinking water and facilities office interviews sanitation facilities EMF and Noise Residential Equipment Comply with the Monthly EHS Officer NTDC levels areas and standards office

6.6 Performance Indicators For evaluating the performance of the environmental management and monitoring plan, performance indicators are identified for efficient and timely implementation of measures/actions proposed in ESMP. The indicators are defined both for implementation phase and for operation phase. CSC will be responsible for compiling the information on these indicators and report to NTDC. To measure the overall environmental performance of the project, a list of performance indicators is given below: • Number of inspections carried out by CSC per month. (Target 4 per month) • Number of non-compliances observed by CSC or ESIC. (Target 100% of non-compliances recorded) • Availability of environmental specialists in CSC. Target 100% availability. • Availability of EHS specialists with contractors. (Target 100% availability) • Timely reporting of documents (as defined in ESMP and monitoring plan). (100% compliance with reporting period) • Number of trainings imparted to stakeholders/other capacity building initiatives

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• Timely disbursement of compensation/ timely resettlement of project affected households • Timely implementation of resettlement schedule. • Number of grievances received. • Number of community related issues • Number of labour related issues and complaints • Number of grievances resolved. • Number of construction related accidents. 6.7 Non Compliances by the Contractors Non compliances by the contractors in implementation of the measures in the ESMP is now a major concern for all construction related projects in Pakistan. The major non compliances noticed in NTDC projects are related to safety at the construction work place, non usage of PPEs by the construction workers, lack of dust control measures, improper waste management, etc. If any non compliances are noticed in the contractor’s work practices, the NTDC will generally follow the following steps to deal with the contractors: • Verbal instructions on the site for minor non compliances • Issue of noncompliance notice to the contractor for major non compliances and ask the contractor rectify his mistake with the appropriate timeline • Suspension of the construction works if there are severe non compliances and there is serious risk to the safety of the workers and damage to the environment.

Promotion of awareness on the environmental health and safety aspects to the contractor’s workforce, through the formal and informal training programs and toolbox talks is expected to improve the contractor’s and his worker’s behavior 6.8 Grievance Redress Mechanism A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will exist at the subproject and Project level with grievance redress committees set up at each subproject and Project level. Details of GRM are explained in the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) of the entire NTMP Project. The aim of the Grievance Redress Mechanism and Committees is to provide the mechanism whereby any stakeholders including displaced persons who are dissatisfied with their entitlements can seek redress. However, with careful observance of the provisions of the RAP by all stakeholders involved, grievances should be avoided. Grievance Redress Committee A three (3) tier grievance redress mechanism is proposed as part of Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan. gender representation is ensured at all levels of GRM (village Level, Project level and NTDC – Head Quarter level) by inducting female members in the Grievance Redressal Committees (GRCs). The mechanism will ensure the access of PAPs to a grievance redress/ resolution mechanism that openly and transparently deals with the grievances and makes decision in consultation with all concerned that are consistent with WB’s requirements and country safeguard system. At village level, the GRC will be established constituting the Project Director, ESIC staff, representative of Revenue Department (LAC), representatives of APC/ or local community. At PMU level, the GRC will consists of Project Director, Land Acquisition Collector, ESIC staff, social mobilizers, representatives of affected communities. At the Head Quarter level, the GRC will consists of General Manager – Projects, Project Director and ESIC staff.

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Compliant Filing Before invoking formal grievance redress system at the project level, the concerns of the aggrieved PAPs will be examined at the village level through involvement of the Affected Persons Committees (APCs), formed at village level. The social Mobilizers (male & female) will, act as focal person in their respective territorial limits to get the grievances recorded, investigated and discussed during APC meetings; facilitate the PAPs to propose the remedial actions at their level in accordance with provisions of the resettlement plan and; coordinate with the project implementers and to ensure that the PAPs/APCs recommendations will be implemented and the grievances are addressed accordingly. A formal complaint will be rendered with the Project GRC through the Social Mobilizers. Once the complaint is submitted to the Project GRC, it shall be recorded on the complaints register, without delay, and GRC will initiate the process of investigation through its technical and resettlement field teams. The complaint register will be maintained by the ESIC in project office. The field team (Land Staff) will investigate the complaint and meet the aggrieved person, APC representatives and the local community following the submission of its fact finding report along-with recommendations to the GRC within 21 days of recording of complaint. Subsequently, GRC will hear the aggrieved person and decide on the complaint based on ground facts but in accordance with the agreed entitlements and provisions in the RAP/entitlement matrix. However, if aggrieved person is not satisfied he/she will be allowed to elevate the complaint to next level of GRM for resolution of his/her grievances. The GRM will also receive complaints on environmental issues such as disturbance from construction works such as noise, dust, traffic, etc. Complaints boxes will be provided the construction site and at local union council offices. Environmental staff of ESIC will be a member in the GRC to review and investigate the grievances, and advise the committee. If necessary, the aggrieved displaced person will first approach the subproject level committee through ESIC, whose officers will strive for an informal settlement within 10 days of lodging of the complaint. If the complaint cannot be settled, the grievance will be referred to the Land Acquisition Committee (LAC, member of the subproject level grievance committee for all land, trees and crops compensation related matters). The LAC will have to address the complaint within 15 days. If the complaint still remains unresolved, it can be re-lodged by the displaced person within one month to the Program level GRC headed by the General Manager NTDC. If the grievance redress mechanism fails to satisfy the aggrieved displaced person, they can submit the case to the appropriate court of law as set out in Sections 18 to 22 of the LAA (1894). The grievances will be attempted appropriate resolution in the following manner given in Table 6.4. The environmental issues will also be addressed by this process. Table 6.4: Grievance Redressal Process

Land/crops compensation issues Project/other items compensation issues 1. First, complaints resolution will be attempted 1. First, complaints resolution will be attempted at village level through the involvement of the at village level through the involvement of the ESIC, NGO and informal mediators within 10 ESIC, NGO and informal mediators within 10 days of lodging the complaint. days of lodging the complaint. 2. If still unsettled, a grievance can then be 2. If still unsettled, a grievance can be lodged to lodged to the LAC who has 15 days to decide on the PMU/ESIC, which will have 21 days to the case. respond. 3. If no solution was reached with LAC a 3. If no solution was reached with LAC a grievance can be lodged to the PMU. The AP grievance can be lodged to the PMU. The AP must lodge the complaint within 1 month of must lodge the complaint within 1 month of lodging the original complaint with the LAC. The lodging the original complaint with the LAC. The

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PMU will provide the decision within 21 days of PMU will provide the decision within 21 days of registering the complaint. The PMU decision registering the complaint. The PMU decision must be in compliance with this LARF must be in compliance with this LARF provisions. provisions. 4. Should the grievance redress system fail to 4. Should the grievance redress system fail to satisfy the AP, they can further submit their satisfy the AP, they can further submit their case to the appropriate court of law as per the case to the appropriate court of law as per the process set out in Sections 18 to 22 of the LAA process set out in Sections 18 to 22 of the LAA (1894). (1894).

6.9 Capacity Building Capacity building for effective implementation of the environmental and social safeguard requirements is a key element of the EMP. Capacity building for environmental and social safeguard management will need to be carried out at all tiers of the project, including NTDC, ESIC, CSC, and contractors. At the construction site, CSC will take the lead in implementing the capacity building plan, though the contractors will also be responsible to conduct trainings for their own staff and workers. The various aspects that are covered under the capacity building will include general environmental and social awareness, key environmental and social sensitivities of the area, key environmental and social impacts of the project, EMP requirements, OHS aspects, and waste disposal. Table 6.5 provides a summary of various aspects of the environmental and social trainings to be conducted at the construction site. ESIC may revise the plan during the project implementation as required. During the O&M phase of the project, these trainings will continue to be conducted by NTDC staff for all relevant O&M personnel. Table 6.5: Environmental and Social Trainings

Contents Participants Responsibility Schedule Rapid Assessment of potential project sites ESIC staff of PMU Through During project for identifying issues which need further and NTDC training implementation detailed study by consultants. institutions Developing ToRs for ESIA studies; Monitoring the work of Consultants for fine course correction as needed. Developing ToRs for Environment Management & Social Action Plan. Monitoring the implementation of Environment Management & Social Action Plan. Management Information System (keeping track of what needs to be done when). Grievances Redressal Mechanism, and how to deal with the community grievances. General environmental and socioeconomic PMU; CSC Prior to the start of the awareness; CSC; selected field activities. Environmental and social sensitivity of the contractors’ crew (To be repeated every project influence area; six months) Mitigation measures; Community issues and workers’ code of conduct; Grievance Mechanism; EMP Awareness of transmissible diseases

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Contents Participants Responsibility Schedule Social and cultural values. EMP; Construction crew Contractors Prior to the start of the Waste disposal; construction activities. OHS (To be repeated as needed.) Road safety; Drivers; Contractors Before and during the Defensive driving/ field operations. Waste disposal; (To be repeated as Cultural values and social sensitivity. needed.) Camp operation; Camp staff Contractors Before and during the Waste disposal; field operations. OHS (To be repeated as Natural resource conservation; needed.) Housekeeping. Restoration requirements; Restoration teams Contractors Before the start of the Waste disposal. restoration activities. 6.10 Documentation The ESIC with assistance from CSC and contractors will produce the following environmental reporting documentation: Environmental Monitoring Reports: The environmental monitoring reports will include environmental mitigation measures undertaken, environmental monitoring activities undertaken, details of monitoring data collected, analysis of monitoring results particularly the non-compliances, recommended mitigation and corrective measures, environmental training conducted, and environmental regulatory violations observed. The environmental monitoring reports will be submitted quarterly during the construction period and annually for three years after completion of construction. Project Completion Environmental Monitoring Report: At the end of the construction contract, the ESIC will submit a Project Completion Environmental Monitoring Report which will summarize the overall environmental impacts from the project. 6.11 EMP Implementation Cost Detailed cost estimates for implementation of mitigation measures given in EMP are is given in Table 6.6. Total cost of EMP implementation for Nowshera subproject is USD 0.5 million. The budget proposed for land acquisition and resettlement in RAP is USD 10.73 million.

Table 6.6: Budget for Implementation of EMP

Sl. Description of Item Unit Quantity Unite Rate Item Total No. (USD) (USD) 1 Institutional Strengthening of ESIC: Years 5

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Sl. Description of Item Unit Quantity Unite Rate Item Total No. (USD) (USD) Additional Staff for ESIC (two Assistant Included in Directors – one for environment and one for the main social) Project 2 Institutional Strengthening of ESIC: Included in Vehicles for ESIC staff (4 wheel drive) No. 2 50,000 the main Project 3 Institutional Strengthening of ESIC: Included in Equipment (laptop, software, camera, GPS) set 5 5,000 the main Project 4 Institutional Strengthening of ESIC: 50,000 Included in Training Programs (national and LS the main international) Project 5 Contractors cost for preparation and LS 3% of the 300,000 implementation of site specific Construction environmental management plans, including (Civil Works) implementation of mitigation measures given Cost of the in the EMP and ECPs. Hiring of Environmental Project (USD Health and Safety (EHS) Officer throughout 10 million) construction period of the subproject 6 Environmental Specialist and Social Specialist Years 3 120,000 360,000 in the Construction Supervision Consultant (@USD5,000 per man month) 6 Tree plantation and land scaping, and other LS 1 100,000 enhancement activities 8 Environmental Monitoring Equipment (noise, LS 1 40,000 EMF) Total 800,000

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7 Consultations and Disclosure Field surveys and consultations with different stake holders including affected communities were carried out throughout ESIA studies. Consultation meetings were held through focus group discussions, individual meetings and public consultations. Details of stakeholders relevant to the subproject are given in Table 7.1. Table 7.1: Details of stakeholders

Primary Stakeholders Affected households, NTDC, Local Government and Revenue Departments. Secondary Stakeholders Punjab Environmental Protection Agency (PEPA), Ministry of Water and Power, WAPDA, Agriculture Department, Communication and Works Department, NGOs. , 7.1 Consultation Meetings Consultation meetings were held with the communities in the subproject areas during project preparation during May 2017. During these consultations, key environmental and social issues were discussed with the participants. Details of people contacted during ESIA studies are given in Table 7.2. A public consultation meeting was conducted on 21st September 2017 with the local communities to share the ESIA and RAP documents, and invite their feedback. Communities were informed about the consultation meeting 10 days prior to the meeting. Letters were written to stakeholder representatives, union council members, political members, village heads, etc. along with announcements through Mosques speakers. A few pre-public consultation meetings were also held among Consultant’s sociologists and communities. ESIA and RAP reports, including Pashto translation of executive summaries have been disclosed in NTDC website and shared with the communities prior to the consultation meeting. Table 7.2: Details of Consultation Meetings

Date Meeting Total Participants November 2016 Individual meetings 178 May 2017 Community consultations 114 (including 19 women) 21 September 2017 Public consultation at Office of 31 Union Council, Azakhel Total 323

Community consultations were carried out during May 2017 through 13 small group meetings, including two women only consultation meetings. Details of these community consultations are given in Table 7.3. These meetings are held with local governments, affected people including women, local communities, and a local NGO. Representatives from various political parties have also participated in these meetings. In addition to these consultations individual meetings are also held with relevant government departments such as wildlife, forests and transport; and NGOs such as WWF, SABAWON, IRSP, SPEED and CAUSE. Details of all these consultations are given in Annex 7.

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Table 7.3: Details of Community Consultation Meetings

No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group Men Women 4-May In their office/Hujra Local Union Council 6 0 4-May In their office/Hujra Local Union Council 8 0 Converter/Grid 5-May 0 Station Land Affected people (APs) 10 Converter/Grid 5-May 0 Station Land Group of APs & General Public 8 6-May APs House Aza Khel APs women and General Public 0 7 6 May APs Daggi Jadeed APs women and General Public 1 8 7-May APs Daggi Jadeed APs/ general public 13 0 8-May APs Dagi Qadeem APs/general public 9 0 10-May APs Farm Pabbi APs/ general public 8 0 10-May APs Farm Pabbi APs/ general public 7 0 11-May APs Farm Aman Kot APs/general public, Political rep, 8 0 12-May APs Farm Aman Kot APs and general public 9 0 9- May NGO Off -Nowshera Concerned Citizens/ Development Activists 8 4 95 19

7.2 Consultations Feedback All the stakeholders and local community appreciated the project. The concern of the consultation participants was mainly focused on land acquisition and amount of compensation. A summary of feedback received in these consultation meetings are given in Table 7.3. Table 7.4: Feedback from Consultations

Issues raised Main comments Response/Action Points Compensation for Adequate compensation should Compensation will be paid covering land acquisition and be paid at current market rates all type of losses at replacement structures and also to re-establish their cost and market value. livelihoods. Costs are estimated according to prevalent market rates plus a 25% Compulsory Acquisition Surcharge (CAS) as provided in LAA 1894 and free of taxes, registration and transfer costs. In addition, NTDC will pay the livelihood restoration allowance. Compensation should also be paid Compensation will also be paid to for the sharecroppers the share croppers, which will be equal to market value of lost harvest that is shared with the land owner, based on the share cropping contract The land categorization should be Land category will be confirmed by revised, as the land which is the revenue department.

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Issues raised Main comments Response/Action Points shown barren is being cultivated by us. Selection of the This site is under agricultural use. NTDC site selection team has converter and grid Some participants have suggested extensively explored the station site to select the lands that are barren surrounding areas to identify and not in agricultural use for the suitable lands for converter station. proposed converter station. The converter station requires about 150 acres of land, which should preferably a flat land with geologically stable terrain; and should be located near the existing transmission line system for easy interconnection; and also close to the major roads for transport of heavy equipment. No such suitable lands with required extent are available here, except the proposed site. Compensation for Adequate and timely payments to Compensation for loss of crops as transmission line be made for the loss of crops per the market rates towers and stringing Transmission Line Transmission line should avoid The transmission line alignment has alignment residential areas chosen to avoid the residential areas Job preference to Job preference shall be given to The contractor will be local people local people. recommended to recruit affected people and local communities for unskilled and semi-skilled positions. Risk of traffic Construction related transport Traffic management plan will be accidents during may pose traffic risks to local implemented during construction. construction phase communities The access roads damaged by the of the project construction activities will be restored. Mobility of women Mobility of women and children The construction activities will be should not be restricted during mainly limited to the converter and construction activities grid station site. The workers’ camps and facilities will also be established in this site and hence there will be less interaction between the workers and local communities. Management of The excess construction material All the excess and waste material construction and construction waste from the from the construction sites will be material right of way of transmission line removed. should be regularly removed. Electrocution People were concerned regarding The converter and grid stations concerns electric shocks facilities will be access controlled

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Issues raised Main comments Response/Action Points and communities will not be allowed in to the grid station.

7.3 Framework for Future Consultations Consultations with the key stakeholders will be carried out throughout the Project life. The framework for the future consultations is presented in Table 7.4. Table 7.5: Consultation Framework

Description Objective/Purpose Responsibility Timing Consultations with Mainstream community ESIC, NTDC; Design Design phase communities and concerns in the project design Consultants; CSC other stakeholders during design phase Consultations with Information dissemination; ESIC, NTDC; Construction communities and public-relation; confidence Contractors; CSC phase other stakeholders building; awareness about during construction risks and impacts; minimizing phase conflicts and frictions. Consultations with Liaison with communities NTDC O&M phase communities

7.4 Access to Information The ESIA and RAP reports of Nowshera subprojects were disclosed in the NTDC website on September 11, 2017. The documents will also be sent to the World Bank infoshop. The executive summary of the ESIA and RAP were also translated in to Pashto and have been disclosed in NTDC websites and made available to the local communities.

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ANNEX 1: Environmental Code of Practices ECP 1: Waste Management Project Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Activity/ Impact Source General Waste Soil and water pollution The Contractor shall from the improper • Develop waste management plan for various specific management of wastes waste streams (e.g., reusable waste, flammable waste, and excess materials from construction debris, food waste etc.) prior to commencing the construction sites. of construction and submit to CSC for approval. • Organize disposal of all wastes generated during construction in an environmentally acceptable manner. This will include consideration of the nature and location of disposal site, so as to cause less environmental impact. • Minimize the production of waste materials by 3R (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) approach. • Segregate and reuse or recycle all the wastes, wherever practical. • Prohibit burning of solid waste • Collect and transport non-hazardous wastes to all the approved disposal sites. Vehicles transporting solid waste shall be covered with tarps or nets to prevent spilling waste along the route • Train and instruct all personnel in waste management practices and procedures as a component of the environmental induction process. • Provide refuse containers at each worksite. • Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practicable. • Place a high emphasis on good housekeeping practices. • Maintain all construction sites in a cleaner, tidy and safe condition and provide and maintain appropriate facilities as temporary storage of all wastes before transportation and final disposal. Hazardous Health hazards and The Contractor shall Waste environmental impacts • Collect chemical wastes in 200 liter drums (or similar due to improper waste sealed container), appropriately labeled for safe transport management practices to an approved chemical waste depot. • Store, transport and handle all chemicals avoiding potential environmental pollution. • Store all hazardous wastes appropriately in bunded areas away from water courses. • Make available Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for hazardous materials on-site during construction. • Collect hydrocarbon wastes, including lube oils, for safe transport off-site for reuse, recycling, treatment or disposal at approved locations. • Construct concrete or other impermeable flooring to prevent seepage in case of spills

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ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Goods Management Project Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Activity/ Impact Source Fuels and Materials used in The Contractor shall hazardous construction have a • Prepare spill control procedures and submit the plan for goods. potential to be a source of CSC approval. contamination. Improper • Train the relevant construction personnel in handling of storage and handling of fuels and spill control procedures. fuels, lubricants, • Store dangerous goods in bunded areas on a top of a chemicals and hazardous sealed plastic sheet away from watercourses; and also goods/materials on-site, under a rainwater shed (to prevent contact with and potential spills from rainwater). these goods may harm the • Refueling shall occur only within bunded areas. environment or health of • Make available MSDS for chemicals and dangerous goods construction workers. on-site. • Transport waste of dangerous goods, which cannot be recycled, to a designated disposal site approved by EPA or sold to EPA registered vendors. • Provide absorbent and containment material (e.g., absorbent matting) where hazardous material are used and stored and personnel trained in the correct use. • Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the construction personnel, appropriate to materials in use. • Make sure all containers, drums, and tanks that are used for storage are in good condition and are labeled with expiry date. Any container, drum, or tank that is dented, cracked, or rusted might eventually leak. Check for leakage regularly to identify potential problems before they occur. • Put containers and drums in temporary storages in clearly marked areas, where they will not be run over by vehicles or heavy machinery. The area shall preferably slope or drain to a safe collection area in the event of a spill. • Put containers and drums in permanent storage areas on an impermeable floor that slopes to a safe collection area in the event of a spill or leak. • Take all precautionary measures when handling and storing fuels and lubricants, avoiding environmental pollution. • Avoid the use of material with greater potential for contamination by substituting them with more environmentally friendly materials. • Return the gas cylinders to the supplier. However, if they are not empty prior to their return, they must be labeled with the name of the material they contained or contain, information on the supplier, cylinder serial number, pressure, their last hydrostatic test date, and any additional identification marking that may be considered necessary.

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ECP 3: Water Resources Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Hazardous Water pollution from the The Contractor shall Material and storage, handling and • Follow the management guidelines proposed in ECPs 1 Waste disposal of hazardous and 2. materials and general • Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and grease, construction waste, and excess nutrients, organic matter, litter, debris and any accidental spillage form of waste (particularly petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances must not enter waterways, storm water systems or underground water tables Discharge from Waste waters from The Contractor shall construction construction sites and • Minimise the amount of exposed soil at any one time sites work camps. The (only clear vegetation immediately before construction is construction works will about to begin) modify groundcover and • Install temporary drainage works (channels and bunds) in topography changing the areas required for sediment and erosion control and surface water drainage around storage areas for construction materials patterns of the area • Install temporary sediment basins, where appropriate, to including infiltration and capture sediment-laden run-off from site storage of storm water. • Divert runoff from undisturbed areas around the construction site • Stockpile materials away from drainage lines • Prevent all solid entering waterways by collecting solid waste, oils, chemicals, bitumen spray waste and wastewaters from brick, concrete and asphalt cutting and transport to an approved waste disposal site or recycling depot • Collect, transport and discharge the septic tank waste from the construction camps in the nearby municipal waste water treatment plants • Ensure that tires of construction vehicles are cleaned in the washing bay (constructed at the entrance of the construction site) to remove the mud from the wheels. This shall be done in every exit of each construction vehicle to ensure the local roads are kept clean. Soil Erosion and Soil erosion and dust The Contractor shall siltation from the material • Ensure that sealed roads used by construction vehicles stockpiles will increase are swept regularly to remove sediment. the sediment and • Water the material stockpiles, access roads and bare soils contaminant loading of on an as required basis to minimize dust. Increase the surface water bodies. watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. high winds)

ECP 4: Drainage Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Excavation and Lack of proper drainage The Contractor shall earth works, and for rainwater/liquid waste or wastewater owing to the construction

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construction activities harms • Prepare a program for prevent/avoid standing waters, yards environment in terms of which CSC will verify in advance and confirm during water and soil implementation contamination, and • Provide alternative drainage for rainwater if the mosquito growth. construction works/earth-fillings cut the established drainage line • Establish local drainage line with appropriate silt collector and silt screen for rainwater or wastewater connecting to the existing established drainage lines already there • Rehabilitate road drainage structures immediately if damaged by contractors’ road transports. • Build new drainage lines as appropriate and required for wastewater from construction yards connecting to the available nearby recipient water bodies. Ensure wastewater quality conforms to the relevant standards provided by NEQS, before it being discharged into the recipient water bodies. • Ensure the internal roads/hard surfaces in the construction yards/construction camps that generate has storm water drainage to accommodate high runoff during downpour and that there is no stagnant water in the area at the end of the downpour. • Construct wide drains instead of deep drains to avoid sand deposition in the drains that require frequent cleaning. • Provide appropriate silt collector and silt screen at the inlet and manholes and periodically clean the drainage system to avoid drainage congestion • Protect natural slopes of drainage channels to ensure adequate storm water drains. • Regularly inspect and maintain all drainage channels to assess and alleviate any drainage congestion problem. • Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design Ponding of Health hazards due to • Do not allow ponding of water especially near the waste water mosquito breeding storage areas and construction camps • Discard all the storage containers that are capable of storing of water, after use or store them in inverted position

ECP 5: Soil Quality Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Storage of Spillage of hazardous The Contractor shall hazardous and and toxic chemicals will • Strictly manage the wastes management plans proposed toxic chemicals contaminate the soils in ECP1 and storage of materials in ECP2 • Construct appropriate spill contaminant facilities for all fuel storage areas • Establish and maintain a hazardous materials register detailing the location and quantities of hazardous substances including the storage, use of disposals • Train personnel and implement safe work practices for minimizing the risk of spillage • Identify the cause of contamination, if it is reported, and contain the area of contamination. The impact may be

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contained by isolating the source or implementing controls around the affected site • Remediate the contaminated land using the most appropriate available method to achieve required commercial/industrial guideline validation results Construction Erosion from The Contractor shall material stock construction material • Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is likely to piles stockpiles may occur, with silt fences, straw bales or bunds contaminate the soils

ECP 6: Erosion and Sediment Control Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction The impact of soil The Contractor shall activities and erosion are (i) Increased • Locate stockpiles away from drainage lines material run off and • Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is likely to stockpiles sedimentation causing a occur, with silt fences, straw bales or bunds greater flood hazard to • Remove debris from drainage paths and sediment control the downstream, (ii) structures destruction of aquatic • Cover the loose sediments and water them if required environment in nearby • Divert natural runoff around construction areas prior to lakes, streams, and any site disturbance reservoirs caused by • Install protective measures on site prior to construction, erosion and/or for example, sediment traps deposition of sediment • Observe the performance of drainage structures and damaging the spawning erosion controls during rain and modify as required. grounds of fish, and (iii) destruction of vegetation by burying or gullying.

ECP 7: Top Soil Management Project Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Activity/ Impact Source Land clearing Earthworks will impact The Contractor shall and earth the fertile top soils that • Strip the top soil to a depth of 15 cm and store in stock works are enriched with piles of height not exceeding 2m. nutrients required for • Remove unwanted materials from top soil like grass, roots plant growth or of trees and similar others. agricultural development. • The stockpiles will be done in slopes of 2:1 to reduce surface runoff and enhance percolation through the mass of stored soil.

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• Locate topsoil stockpiles in areas outside drainage lines and protect from erosion. • Construct diversion channels and silt fences around the topsoil stockpiles to prevent erosion and loss of topsoil. • Spread the topsoil to maintain the physico-chemical and biological activity of the soil. The stored top soil will be utilized for covering all disturbed area and along the proposed plantation sites • Prior to the re-spreading of topsoil, the ground surface will be ripped to assist the bunding of the soil layers, water penetration and revegetation Transport Vehicular movement • Limit equipment and vehicular movements to within the outside right of way of approved construction zone existing roads or • Construct temporary access tracks to cross concentrated temporary access roads water flow lines at right angles will affect the soil fertility • Plan construction access to make use, if possible, of the of the agricultural lands final road alignment • Use vehicle-cleaning devices, for example, ramps or wash down areas

ECP 8: Topography and Landscaping Project Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Activity/ Impact Source Land clearing Construction activities The Contractor shall and earth especially earthworks will • Ensure the topography of the final surface of all raised works change topography and lands (construction yards, approach roads, access roads, disturb the natural etc.) are conducive to enhance natural draining of rainwater/flood water rainwater/flood water; drainage as well as will • Keep the final or finished surface of all the raised lands free change the local from any kind of depression that insists water logging landscape. • Undertake mitigation measures for erosion control/prevention by grass-turfing and tree plantation, where there is a possibility of rain-cut that will change the shape of topography. • Cover immediately the uncovered open surface that has no use of construction activities with grass-cover and tree plantation to prevent soil erosion and bring improved landscaping

ECP 9: Quarry and Borrow Areas Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Development Quarry areas will have The Contractor shall and operation of impacts on local • Use only approved quarry and borrow sites Quarry and topography, landscaping • Identify new borrow and quarry areas in consultation borrow areas. and natural drainage. with Project Director, if required. The project will • Reuse excavated or disposed material available in the use approved project to the maximum extent possible. quarry sites • Store top soil for reinstatement and landscaping. available near • Develop surface water collection and drainage systems, the project site. anti-erosion measures (berms, revegetation etc.) and

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This ECP will be retaining walls and gabions where required. Implement used only when a mitigation measures in ECP 3: Water Resources new quarry or Management, ECP 6: Erosion and Sediment Control borrow area to • The use of explosive should be used in as much minimum be developed. quantity as possible to reduce noise, vibration and dust. • Control dust and air quality deterioration by application of watering and implementing mitigation measures proposed in ECP 10: Air Quality Management • Noise and vibration control by ECP 11: Noise and Vibration Management.

ECP 10: Air Quality Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Air quality can be The Contractor shall vehicular traffic adversely affected by • Fit vehicles with appropriate exhaust systems and emission vehicle exhaust control devices. Maintain these devices in good working emissions and condition. combustion of fuels. • Operate the vehicles in a fuel efficient manner • Cover haul vehicles carrying dusty materials moving outside the construction site • Impose speed limits on all vehicle movement at the worksite to reduce dust emissions • Control the movement of construction traffic • Water construction materials prior to loading and transport • Service all vehicles regularly to minimize emissions • Limit the idling time of vehicles not more than 2 minutes

Construction Air quality can be The Contractor shall machinery adversely affected by • Fit machinery with appropriate exhaust systems and emissions from emission control devices. Maintain these devices in good machinery and working condition in accordance with the specifications combustion of fuels. defined by their manufacturers to maximize combustion efficiency and minimize the contaminant emissions. Proof or maintenance register shall be required by the equipment suppliers and contractors/subcontractors • Focus special attention on containing the emissions from generators • Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) will be banned from construction sites Service all equipment regularly to minimize emissions • Provide filtering systems, duct collectors or humidification or other techniques (as applicable) to the concrete batching and mixing plant to control the particle emissions in all its stages, including unloading, collection, aggregate handling, cement dumping, circulation of trucks and machinery inside the installations

Construction Dust generation from • Water the material stockpiles, access roads and bare soils activities construction sites, on an as required basis to minimize the potential for material stockpiles and environmental nuisance due to dust. Increase the watering access roads is a frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. high winds). nuisance in the Stored materials such as gravel and sand shall be covered and confined to avoid their being wind-drifted

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environment and can be • Minimize the extent and period of exposure of the bare a health hazard. surfaces • Reschedule earthwork activities or vegetation clearing activities, where practical, if necessary to avoid during periods of high wind and if visible dust is blowing off-site • Store the cement in silos and minimize the emissions from silos by equipping them with filters. • Establish adequate locations for storage, mixing and loading of construction materials, in a way that dust dispersion is prevented because of such operations • Crushing of rocky and aggregate materials shall be wet- crushed, or performed with particle emission control systems

ECP 11: Noise and Vibration Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Noise quality will be The Contractor shall vehicular traffic deteriorated due to • Maintain all vehicles in order to keep it in good working vehicular traffic order in accordance with manufactures maintenance procedures • Make sure all drivers will comply with the traffic codes concerning maximum speed limit, driving hours, etc. • Organize the loading and unloading of trucks, and handling operations for the purpose of minimizing construction noise on the work site Construction Noise and vibration may The Contractor shall machinery have an impact on • Appropriately site all noise generating activities to avoid people, property, fauna, noise pollution to local residents livestock and the natural • Use the quietest available plant and equipment environment. • Modify equipment to reduce noise (for example, noise control kits, lining of truck trays or pipelines) • Maintain all equipment in order to keep it in good working order in accordance with manufactures maintenance procedures. Equipment suppliers and contractors shall present proof of maintenance register of their equipment. • Install acoustic enclosures around generators to reduce noise levels. • Fit high efficiency mufflers to appropriate construction equipment • Avoid the unnecessary use of alarms, horns and sirens Construction Noise and vibration may The Contractor shall activity have an impact on • Notify adjacent landholders prior any typical noise events people, property, fauna, outside of daylight hours (6 pm to 7 am) if the livestock and the natural construction works are being carried out near residential environment. areas • Educate the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise emissions • Employ best available work practices on-site to minimize occupational noise levels

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• Install temporary noise control barriers where appropriate • Notify affected people if major noisy activities will be undertaken, e.g. pile driving • Plan activities on site and deliveries to and from site to minimize impact • Monitor and analyze noise and vibration results and adjust construction practices as required. • Avoid undertaking the noisiest activities, where possible, when working at night ( 6pm to 7 am) near the residential areas

ECP 12: Protection of Flora Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Vegetation Local flora are important The Contractor shall clearance to provide shelters for the • Reduce disturbance to surrounding vegetation birds, offer fruits and/or • Use appropriate type and minimum size of machine to timber/fire wood, protect avoid disturbance to adjacent vegetation. soil erosion and overall • Get approval from supervision consultant for clearance of keep the environment vegetation. very friendly to human- • Make selective and careful pruning of trees where living. As such damage to possible to reduce need of tree removal. flora has wide range of • Control noxious weeds by disposing of at designated adverse environmental dump site or burn on site. impacts. • Clear only the vegetation that needs to be cleared in accordance with the plans. These measures are applicable to both the construction areas as well as to any associated activities such as sites for stockpiles, disposal of fill and construction of diversion roads, etc. • Before excavation, mark the trees that must remain on the site and cannot be removed. • Do not burn off cleared vegetation – where feasible, chip or mulch and reuse it for the rehabilitation of affected areas, temporary access tracks or landscaping. Mulch provides a seed source, can limit embankment erosion, retains soil moisture and nutrients, and encourages re- growth and protection from weeds. • Return topsoil and mulched vegetation (in areas of native vegetation) to approximately the same area of the roadside it came from. • Avoid work within the drip-line of trees to prevent damage to the tree roots and compacting the soil. • Minimize the length of time the ground is exposed or excavation left open by clearing and re-vegetate the area at the earliest practically possible. • Ensure excavation works occur progressively and re- vegetation done at the earliest • Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding nature protection and the need of avoid felling trees during construction • Supply appropriate fuel in the work caps to prevent fuel wood collection

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ECP 13: Protection of Fauna Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Vegetation Clearance of vegetation The Contractor shall clearance may impact shelter, • Restrict the tree removal to the minimum required. feeding and/or breeding • Retain tree hollows on site, or relocate hollows, where of animals appropriate • Leave dead trees where possible as habitat for fauna • Identify the trees that require specific attention (e.g the hollow bearing trees) and fell them in a manner which reduces the potential for fauna mortality. Felled trees will be inspected after felling for fauna and if identified and readily accessible will be removed and relocated or rendered assistance if injured. After felling, hollow bearing trees will remain unmoved overnight to allow animals to move of their own volition. Construction Illegal poaching • Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding camps protection of flora and fauna, and relevant government regulations and punishments for illegal poaching.

ECP 14: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Increased traffic use of The Contractor shall vehicular traffic road by construction • Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to the CSC for vehicles will affect the their approval before commencement of construction. movement of normal • Include in the traffic management plan to ensure road traffics and the uninterrupted traffic movement during construction: safety of the road- detailed drawings of traffic arrangements showing all users. detours, temporary road, temporary bridges temporary diversions, necessary barricades, warning signs / lights, and road signs. • Provide signs at strategic locations of the roads complying with the schedules of signs contained in the Pakistan Traffic Regulations. • Install and maintain a display board at each important road intersection on the roads to be used during construction, which shall clearly show the following information in local language: o Location: chainage and village name o Duration of construction period o Period of proposed detour / alternative route o Suggested detour route map o Name and contact address/telephone number of the concerned personnel o Name and contact address / telephone number of the Contractor o Inconvenience is sincerely regretted. Accidents and spillage • Restrict truck deliveries, where practicable, to day time of fuels and chemicals working hours (7 am to 6 pm). • Restrict the transport of oversize loads.

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• Operate road traffics/transport vehicles, if possible, to non- peak periods to minimize traffic disruptions. • Enforce on-site speed limit

ECP 15: Construction Camp Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Siting and Campsites for The Contractor shall Location of construction workers • Locate the construction camps within the proposed grid construction are the important station site camps locations that have • Consider the location of construction camps away from significant impacts such communities in order to avoid social conflict in using the as health and safety natural resources such as water or to avoid the possible hazards on local adverse impacts of the construction camps on the resources and surrounding communities. infrastructure of nearby • Submit to the CSC for approval a detailed layout plan for communities. the development of the construction camp showing the relative locations of all temporary buildings and facilities that are to be constructed together with the location of site roads, fuel storage areas (for use in power supply generators), solid waste management and dumping locations, and drainage facilities, prior to the development of the construction camps. • Local authorities responsible for health, religious and security shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters

Construction Lack of proper Contractor shall provide the following facilities in the Camp Facilities infrastructure facilities , campsites such as housing, water • Housing facilities for all the non-local workers hired by the supply and sanitation contractor facilities will increase • Safe and reliable water supply. pressure on the local • Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. The services and generate toilets and domestic waste water will be collected through substandard living a common sewerage. Provide separate latrines and standards and health bathing places for males and females with total isolation hazards. by wall or by location. The minimum number of toilet facilities required is one toilet for every ten persons. • Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes • Storm water drainage facilities. Both sides of roads are to be provided with shallow v drains to drain off storm water to a silt retention pond which shall be sized to provide a minimum of 20 minutes retention of storm water flow from the whole site. Channel all discharge from the silt retention pond to natural drainage via a grassed swale at least 20 meters in length with suitable longitudinal gradient. • Paved internal roads. Ensure with grass/vegetation coverage to be made of the use of top soil that there is no dust generation from the loose/exposed sandy surface. Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks to

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suppress dusts and to work against possible muddy surface during monsoon. • Provide child crèches for women working construction site. The crèche shall have facilities for dormitory, kitchen, indoor and outdoor play area. Schools shall be attached to these crèches so that children are not deprived of education whose mothers are construction workers • Provide in-house community/common entertainment facilities. dependence of local entertainment outlets by the construction camps to be discouraged/prohibited to the extent possible. Disposal of Management of wastes The Contractor shall waste is crucial to minimize • Ensure proper collection and disposal of solid wastes impacts on the within the construction camps environment • Insist waste separation by source; organic wastes in one pot and inorganic wastes in another pot at household level. • Store inorganic wastes in a safe place within the household and clear organic wastes on daily basis to waste collector. Establish waste collection, transportation and disposal systems with the manpower and equipments/vehicles needed. • Dispose organic wastes in a designated safe place on daily basis. At the end of the day cover the organic wastes with a thin layer of sand so that flies, mosquitoes, dogs, cats, rats, are not attracted. One may dig a large hole to put organic wastes in it; take care to protect groundwater from contamination by leachate formed due to decomposition of wastes. Cover the bed of the pit with impervious layer of materials (clayey or thin concrete) to protect groundwater from contamination. • Locate the garbage pit/waste disposal site min 500 m away from the residence so that peoples are not disturbed with the odor likely to be produced from anaerobic decomposition of wastes at the waste dumping places. Encompass the waste dumping place by fencing and tree plantation to prevent children to enter and play with. • Do not establish site specific landfill sites. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in approval waste disposal sites.

Fuel supplies for Illegal sourcing of fuel The Contractor shall cooking wood by construction • Provide fuel to the construction camps for their domestic purposes workers will impact the purpose, in order to discourage them to use fuel wood or natural flora and fauna other biomass. • Made available alternative fuels like natural gas or kerosene on ration to the workforce to prevent them using biomass for cooking. • Conduct awareness campaigns to educate workers on preserving the protecting the biodiversity and wildlife of the project area, and relevant government regulations and punishments on wildlife protection. Health and There will be a potential The Contractor shall Hygiene for diseases to be • Provide adequate health care facilities within construction transmitted including sites. malaria, exacerbated by

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inadequate health and • Provide first aid facility round the clock. Maintain stock of safety practices. There medicines in the facility and appoint fulltime designated will be an increased risk first aider or nurse. of work crews spreading • Provide ambulance facility for the laborers during sexually transmitted emergency to be transported to nearest hospitals. infections and HIV/AIDS. • Initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside areas • Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work • Provide HIV awareness programming, including STI (sexually transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all workers on regular basis • Complement educational interventions with easy access to condoms at campsites as well as voluntary counseling and testing • Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vectors such as stagnant water bodies and puddles do not form. Regular mosquito repellant sprays during monsoon. • Carryout short training sessions on best hygiene practices to be mandatorily participated by all workers. Place display boards at strategic locations within the camps containing messages on best hygienic practices Safety In adequate safety The Contractor shall facilities to the • Provide appropriate security personnel (police / home construction camps may guard or private security guards) and enclosures to prevent create security problems unauthorized entry in to the camp area. and fire hazards • Maintain register to keep a track on a head count of persons present in the camp at any given time. • Encourage use of flameproof material for the construction of labor housing / site office. Also, ensure that these houses/rooms are of sound construction and capable of withstanding wind storms/cyclones. • Provide appropriate type of firefighting equipment suitable for the construction camps • Display emergency contact numbers clearly and prominently at strategic places in camps. • Communicate the roles and responsibilities of laborers in case of emergency in the monthly meetings with contractors. Site Restoration Restoration of the The Contractor shall construction camps to • Dismantle and remove from the site all facilities original condition established within the construction camp including the requires demolition of perimeter fence and lockable gates at the completion of construction camps. the construction work. • Dismantle camps in phases and as the work gets decreased and not wait for the entire work to be completed • Give prior notice to the laborers before demolishing their camps/units • Reuse the demolition debris to a maximum extent. Dispose remaining debris at the designated waste disposal site. • Handover the construction camps with all built facilities as it is if agreement between both parties (contactor and land-owner) has been made so.

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• Restore the site to its condition prior to commencement of the works or to an agreed condition with the landowner. • Not make false promises to the laborers for future employment in O&M of the project.

ECP 16: Socio-cultural and Religious Issues Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Disturbance from The Contractor shall activities near construction activities • Establish a system for receiving complaints from the residential (dust, noise, traffic, community and address them (the community can also areas conflicts with make complaints to the GRM established under the project) contractor’s work force • Shall ensure all the construction workers follows the etc.) following code of conduct: • All workers are strictly forbidden to establish any kind of relationship with local women bring any un-related women to the project site. • All workers should avoid sexual harassment and child abuse. • All workers must not leave the camps or work sites unless a written authorization is issued by the respective supervisor • The contractors will advise and prohibit the local population and its authorities or representatives not to enter the project operation areas (camp sites, colonies, etc.) in order to minimize the potential risk of incidents related to the operations. Construction Disturbance from The Contractor shall activities near construction works to • Communicate to the public through community religious and the cultural and consultation and newspaper announcements regarding the cultural sites religious sites, and scope and schedule of construction, as well as certain contractors lack of construction activities causing disruptions or access knowledge on cultural restriction. issues cause social • Do not block access to cultural and religious sites, wherever disturbances. possible • Restrict all construction activities within the foot prints of the construction sites. • Stop construction works that produce noise (particularly during prayer time) shall there be any mosque/religious/educational institutions close to the construction sites and users make objections. • Take special care and use appropriate equipment when working next to a cultural/religious institution. • Stop work immediately and notify the site manager if, during construction, an archaeological or burial site is discovered. It is an offence to recommence work in the vicinity of the site until approval to continue is given by the CSC/PMU. • Provide separate prayer facilities to the construction workers. • Show appropriate behavior with all construction workers especially women and elderly people • Allow the workers to participate in praying during construction time

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• Resolve cultural issues in consultation with local leaders and supervision consultants • Establish a mechanism that allows local people to raise grievances arising from the construction process. • Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security duly informed before commencement of civil works so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters

ECP 17: Worker Health and Safety Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Best practices Construction works may The Contractor shall pose health and safety • Implement suitable safety standards for all workers and risks to the construction site visitors which shall not be less than those laid down workers and site visitors on the international standards (e.g. International Labor leading to severe injuries Office guideline on ‘Safety and Health in Construction; and deaths. The World Bank Group’s ‘Environmental Health and Safety population in the Guidelines’) and contractor’s own national standards or proximity of the statutory regulations, in addition to complying with the construction site and the national standards of the Government of Pakistan ( construction workers will • Provide the workers with a safe and healthy work be exposed to a number environment, taking into account inherent risks in its of (i) biophysical health particular construction activity and specific classes of risk factors, (e.g. noise, hazards in the work areas, dust, chemicals, • Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for construction material, workers, such as safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, solid waste, waste water, protective clothing, goggles, full-face eye shields, and ear vector transmitted protection. Maintain the PPE properly by cleaning dirty diseases etc), (ii) risk ones and replacing them with the damaged ones. factors resulting from • Safety procedures include provision of information, human behavior (e.g. training and protective clothing to workers involved in STD, HIV etc) and (iii) hazardous operations and proper performance of their road accidents from job construction traffic. • Appoint an environment, health and safety manager to look after the health and safety of the workers • Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security duly informed before commencement of civil works and establishment of construction camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters Child and pregnant labor The Contractor shall • not hire children of less than 16 years of age and pregnant women or women who delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks, in accordance with the national Labor Laws Accidents Lack of first aid facilities • Provide health care facilities and first aid facilities are and health care facilities readily available. Appropriately equipped first-aid in the immediate vicinity stations shall be easily accessible throughout the place of will aggravate the health work conditions of the victims • Document and report occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents.

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• Prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring in the course of work by minimizing, so far as reasonably practicable, the causes of hazards. In a manner consistent with good international industry practice. • Identify potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life-threatening and provide necessary preventive and protective measures. • Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules Provide adequate lighting in the construction area and along the roads Construction Lack of proper The Contractor shall provide the following facilities in the Camps infrastructure facilities, campsites to improve health and hygienic conditions as such as housing, water mentioned in ECP 15 Construction Camp Management supply and sanitation • Adequate ventilation facilities facilities will increase • Safe and reliable water supply. pressure on the local • Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. The services and generate toilets and domestic waste water will be collected substandard living through a common sewerage. standards and health • Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic hazards. wastes • Storm water drainage facilities. • Recreational and social facilities • Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals in accordance with ECP 2 • Solid waste collection and disposal system in accordance with ECP1. • Arrangement for trainings • Paved internal roads. • Security fence at least 2 m height. • Sick bay and first aid facilities Water and Lack of Water sanitation The contractor shall provide portable toilets at the sanitation facilities at construction construction sites, if about 25 people are working the whole facilities at the sites cause day for a month. Location of portable facilities shall be at construction inconvenience to the least 6 m away from storm drain system and surface waters. sites construction workers and These portable toilets shall be cleaned once a day and all the affect their personal sewerage shall be pumped from the collection tank once a hygiene. day and shall be brought to the common septic tank for further treatment. Contractor shall provide bottled drinking water facilities to the construction workers at all the construction sites. Other ECPs Potential risks on health The Contractor shall follow the following ECPs to reduce and hygiene of health risks to the construction workers and nearby construction workers and community general public ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Goods Management ECP 4: Drainage Management ECP 10: Air Quality Management ECP 11: Noise and Vibration Management ECP 14: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management

Trainings Lack of awareness and The Contractor shall basic knowledge in health care among the

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construction workforce, • Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and make them susceptible to health care issues (e.g., how to avoid malaria and potential diseases. transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI) HIV/AIDS. • Train all construction workers in general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work . Training shall consist of basic hazard awareness, site specific hazards, safe work practices, and emergency procedures for fire, evacuation, and natural disaster, as appropriate. • Commence the malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign before the start of the construction phase and complement it with by a strong condom marketing, increased access to condoms in the area as well as to voluntary counseling and testing. • Implement malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign targeting all workers hired, international and national, female and male, skilled, semi- and unskilled occupations, at the time of recruitment and thereafter pursued throughout the construction phase on ongoing and regular basis. This shall be complemented by easy access to condoms at the workplace as well as to voluntary counseling and testing.

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ANNEX 2: Chance Find Procedures of Physical and Cultural Resources (Ref: The World Bank Operational Manual, 1999 OP4.11)

Works could impact sites of social, sacred, religious, or heritage value. “Chance find” procedures would apply when those sites are identified during the design phase or during the actual construction period and the related activity will not be eligible for financing under the project.

(1) Cultural property includes monuments, structures, works of art, or sites of significant points of view, and are defined as sites and structures having archaeological, historical, architectural, or religious significance, and natural sites with cultural values. This includes cemeteries, graveyards and graves.

(2) The list of negative subproject attributes which would make a subproject ineligible for support includes any activity that would adversely impact cultural property.

(3) In the event of finding of properties of cultural value during construction, the following procedures for identification, protection from theft, and treatment of discovered artifacts should be followed and included in standard bidding document.

(a) Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find; (b) Delineate the discovered site or area; (c) Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. (d) Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities; (e) Responsible local authorities and the relevant Ministry would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. (f) Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities and the relevant Ministry. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance), conservation, restoration and salvage. (g) Implementation of the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by the relevant Ministry. (h) Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities and the relevant Ministry concerning safeguard of the heritage. (4) These procedures must be referred to as standard provisions in construction contracts. During project supervision, the Site Engineer shall monitor the above regulations relating to the treatment of any chance find encountered.

(5) Relevant findings will be recorded in World Bank Supervision Reports and Implementation Completion Reports will assess the overall effectiveness of the project’s cultural property mitigation, management, and activities, as

(6) appropriate.

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ANNEX 3: Satellite Maps of the Proposed 9 km long 500 kV Transmission Line

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ANNEX 4: Air, Noise and Groundwater Quality 1. Air and Noise Quality Data Site A1

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2. Air and Noise Quality Data Site A2

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3. Groundwater Quality Data at Site W1

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4. Groundwater Quality Data at Site W2

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ANNEX 5: List of Birds in the Project Area Birds the rural habitats in KP and their ecological linkages with the habitats No. Name IUCN Status Status Ecological linkages (IUCN RED LIST (2016-3) ver. 3.1) 1. Pariah Kite Milvus migrans Least concern Resident Mainly scavenger. 2. Black-shouldered Kite Not Assessed Resident Eats rodents and large insects. Hovers in search of prey. 3. Eurasian Sparrow Hawk Least Concern Winter visitor Predator of small & medium size birds. Accipiter nisus Day time and night roosting is in thick leafy trees. 4. Long-legged Buzzard Least Concern Winter visitor Predator of small mammals and Buteo rufinis reptiles. Flies and scans prey from agricultural fields 6. Northern Hobby Falco Least Concern Two way passage Predator of small & medium size birds. subbuteo migrant and rare Day time and night roosting is in thick winter visitor leafy trees. 7. Grey Partridge Least Concern Resident Grains and insects eater in dry bushy Francolinus pondicerianus areas. Night roosting is in thick trees. 8. Indian Ring Dove Least Concern Resident Eats grains and seeds. Night roosting is Streptopelia decaocto in trees. 9. Oriental Turtle Dove Least Concern Winter visitor from Eats grains and seeds. Night roosting is Streptopelia orientalis temperate in trees. ecozones in mountains 10. Little Brown Dove Least Concern Resident Eats grains and seeds. Night roosting is Streptopelia senegalensis in trees. 11. Rose-ringed Parakeet Least Concern Resident Eats fruits, figs, maize, chillies, seeds of Psittacula krameri shisham tree. 12. Spotted Owlet Athene brama Least Concern Resident Nocturnal hunter of small rodents and large size insects. 13. Savanna or Allied Least Concern Summer visitor Hunts flying insects at dusk and dawn. NightjarCaprimulgus affinis 12. Little Green Bee-eater Least Concern Resident Hunts flying insects Merops orientalis 13. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Least Concern Summer visitor Hunts flying insects Merops superciliosus 14. Blue-tailed Bee-eater Least Concern Summer visitor Hunts flying insects Merops philippinus 15. European Bee-eater Merops Least Concern Winter visitor Hunts flying insects apiaster 16. Kashmir Roller Coracias Not Assessed Two way passage Hunts insects in the air and on ground. garrulous migrant 17. Indian Roller Coracias Least Concern Resident Hunts insects in the air and on ground. benghalensis 18. Hoopoe Upupa epops Least Concern Two way passage Digs ground worms and grubs. migrant 19. Coppersmith or Crimson- Least Concern Resident Feeds in Banyan and Pipal trees breasted Barbet Megalaima haemacephala 20. Wryneck Jynx torquilla Least Concern Summer visitor Feeds on insects from the bark of trees. 21. Golden-backed Woodpecker Not Assessed Resident Seen on trunks of the trees feeding on Dinopium benghalensis bark insects.

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22. Sindh Pied Least Concern Resident Seen on trunks of the trees feeding on WoodpeckerDendrocopos bark insects. assimilis 23. Singing Bush Lark Mirafra Least Concern Resident Feeds on ground insects. cantillans 24. Rufous tailed Finch-lark Least Concern Resident Feeds on ground insects. Ammomanes phoenicurus 25. Eastern Calandra Lark Least Concern Winter visitor Feeds on ground insects. Melanocorypha bimaculata 26. Greater Short-toed Lark Least Concern Winter visitor Feeds on ground insects. Calandrella brachydactyla 27. Crested Lark Galerida Least Concern Resident Feeds on ground insects. cristata 28. Feeds on ground insects. Least Concern Winter visitor Feeds on ground insects. 29. Richard’s Pipit Anthus Least Concern Resident Feeds on ground insects. novaeseelandiae 30. Grey Wagtail Motacilla Least Concern Passage migrant Feeds on ground insects cinerea 31. Large Pied Wagtail Not Assesed Resident Feeds on ground insects Monticilla maderaspatensis 32. Common Wood Least Concern Resident Feeds on flying as well as ground ShrikeTephrodornis insects pondicerianus 33. White-cheeked Bulbul Least Concern Resident Omnivorous, but prefers insects. It is Pycnonotus leucogenys most common in bushy waste land 34. Red-vented Bulbul Least Concern Resident Omnivorous, but prefers insects. Pycnonotus cafer 35. Black Redstart Least Concern Two way passage Insect eater from ground. Phoenicurus ochruros migrant 36. IndianMagpie Robin Least Concern resident Insect eater from ground Copsychus saularis 37. Indian RobinSaxicoloides Least Concern resident Insect eater from ground fulicata 38. Stonechat or Collard Indian Least Concern resident Eats low flying and ground insects. Bush-Chat Saxicola torquata 39. Pied Bush-Chat Saxicola Least Concern resident Eats low flying and ground insects. caprata 40. Eastern Pied Wheatear Not Assessed Winter visitor Eats low flying and ground insects. Oenanthe picata 41. Chinese Leaf Warbler Not Assessed Winter visitor Eats tiny insects from branches Phylloscopu affinis 42. Eurasian Chiffchaff orBrown Not Assessed Winter visitor Eats tiny insects from branches Chiffchaff Pylloscopus collybita 43. Rufous-tailed Flycatcher Least Concern Winter visitor As above Muscicapa ruficauda 44. Common Babbler Least Concern Resident Ground insect feeder. Turdoides caudatus 45. Jungle Babbler Not Assessed Resident Ground insect feeder. Turdoides striatus 46. Bay-backed Shrike Least Concern Summer visitor Insectivore. Lanius vittatus 47. Rufous-backed Shrike Least Concern Resident Eats flying insects Lanius schach 48. Great Grey Shrike Least Concern Resident Eats flying insects Lanius excubitor

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49. Tawny or Plain-coloured Least Concern Resident Eats insects from crop Prinia Prinia inornata 50. Purple Sunbird Nectarinia Least Concern Summer visitor Eats pollen and nectar asiatica 51. Oriental White-eye Not Assessed Resident Eats tiny insects and pollen. Zosterops palpebrosa 52. Black Drongo Least Concern Resident Eats flying insects Dicrurus macrocercus 53. Indian Treepie Dendrocitta Least Concern Resident Omnivorous vagabunda 54. House CrowCorvus Least Concern Resident Omnivorous and scavenger splendens 55. Rook Corvus frugilegus Least Concern Winter visitor Omnivorous 56. Common Starling Least Concern Winter visitor Insectivorous Sturnus vulgaris 57. Common Myna Not Assessed Resident Omnivorous Acredotheres tristis 58. Bank Myana Least Concern Resident Insectivorous Acridotheres ginginianus 59. Rufous-backed ShrikeLanius Least Concern Resident Insectivorous schach 60. Great Grey Shrike Least Concern Resident Insectivorous Lanius excubitor 61. House Sparrow Least Concern Resident Grainivorous and omnivorous. Passer domesticus 62. Cinnamon Tree Sparrow Not Assessed Winter visitor Grainivorous and omnivorous Passer rutilans Source: Bird studies in KP for EIA studies for Tarbela 5th and Dasu TL Projects, 2016.; Avian Risk Assessment Study of CASA 1000 Project, 2012

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ANNEX 6: Standard Operating Practices of NTDC on Workers Health and Safety NTDC has Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) on Workers Health and Safety and these will be implemented during the operation. Regular training will be provided to the staff on the SOPs and risk registers (reporting and recording of accidents and near misses) will be maintained. NTDC’s SPOs are explained below. General Principles: Accident prevention can be accomplished only through possessing and applying safety know-how and wholehearted cooperation of all members of the organization. Learn and understand the following five basic principles in job safety to deal with the hazards: a) IDENTIFY the Hazards. b) ELIMINATE the hazards wherever practical. c) CONTROL the hazards when they cannot be eliminated. d) PROTECT against injuries in case a hazard gets out of control. e) MINIMIZE the severity of an injury, if an accident occurs.

- Neither management and supervision, nor the Safety Code can prevent accident without the help of each employee. - Unsafe workers are a danger to themselves, their fellow workers, the public property and the equipment with which they work. Due care and attention to all safety rules and devices is essential not only to prevent injury to the workers but also to protect equipment. - Capable and mentally alert employees will avoid accidents by learning all they can about their work, using proper safeguards and protective equipment and avoiding shortcuts and make shift work methods. - Good operation is safe operation. This is true for both employees and equipment. A job done safely is job done efficiently.

Accidents do not “just happen”. Accidents are the natural result of unsafe condition or unsafe acts, usually a combination of both. Machinery and equipment generally are manufactured to perform safely within limits of design. In fact, statistics show that more than 90% of accidents are due to the human element, such as failure to use safety devices and observe safety rules and procedures. UNSAFE CONDITIONS: Some examples of unsafe conditions which may cause accidents are: Improper Guarding such as unshielded moving parts of machine, in-barricaded floor openings and excavation, unenclosed high voltage equipment, lack of protective equipment and insufficient warning signs etc. • Defective Material or equipment such as mushroomed-head chisels, split handles, deteriorated poles, poorly manufactured or weak equipment. • Hazardous Arrangements such as those due to poor housekeeping at work locations, unsafe planning or inadequate working space. • Insufficient Light unsuitable location producing glare or objectionable shadows. • Improper Ventilation such as insufficient change of air or presence of harmful vapor, dust or gas. • Unsafe Clothing that fits loosely and can become entangled in wires and machinery, and failure to use goggles, proper shoes and insulated gloves or sleeves. • Unsafe Design and Construction due to deviations from standard design and specifications and poor workmanship. • UNSAFE ACTS: Some examples of unsafe acts which may cause accidents are: • Operating Without Authority or Warning such as closing switches without authority, operating hoists and trucks without warning, failure to place warning signs or signal man where needed,

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failure to block equipment against unexpected movement, failure to observe work clearance procedures. • Operating or Working at Unsafe Speed such as driving too fast, throwing material or tools to another worker, jumping from vehicles or platforms or running. • Making Safety Devices Inoperative such as removing guards from machines, using oversize fuses, blocking safety valves, bypassing interlocks and isolating fire protection etc. • Use of Unsafe Equipment or Improper Use of Equipment such as using dull cutting tools, mushroom-head chisels, pipe extension on wrenches not designed for them, or the wrong tool for the job, or using hands instead of hand tools. • Unsafe Loading such as overloading cranes and winches, carrying too heavy load. • Placing or Leaving Objects where they are likely to fall. • Mixing Improper Packing or combining chemicals to form a dangerous mixture. • Taking Unsafe Position or Posture such as working on live conductors from above instead of below, walking under suspended loads or too close to openings, lifting while in awkward position, entering areas where there are dangerous gases or fumes, passing on curves of hills, riding on running boards or other unsafe places on vehicles. • Working on Equipment without Taking Proper Precautions such as installing and removing temporary earth, cleaning, oiling or adjusting moving machinery, and working on or near live electrical equipment. • Distracting, Teasing or Startling such as practical joking, horseplay, quarrelling or annoying. • Failure to Use Safe Clothing or Protective Equipment such as failure to use insulated gloves, hardhat or goggles or other personal protective equipment (PPE)

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ANNEX 7: Consultation Record

1. Consultation Nowshera No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 4-May In the UC office/Hujra Local Union Council / Political Rep. PTI 6 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period; • Overall the Project is good for the villagers and the country. • No concerns with the Project because this will increase the employment and will reduce the load shedding issue of the country. • During the Project implementation local labour should be hired as much as possible especially the unskilled labour. • It is a good Project and is for country well-being but it will effect social and environmental settings of the area due to loss and cutting of trees and crops.

2. Consultation At Azakhel Commercial Area No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 4-May In their office/Hujra Local Union Council / Political Rep.-JUI 8 0 Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. • Major • During the Project implementation local labour should be hired as Concerns much as possible especially the unskilled labour. • There should be control over–speed, management of traffic during construction • Project should provide the cheap electricity to the local people especially affected persons;

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• Expressed need for basic amenities i.e. health, education, roads, etc. • After the construction of the project, the electricity supply to the area should be free of cost. • The company should not use private land for parking of construction machinery and vehicles. For this proper permission from the land owner should be obtained and he should be paid rent. • Jobs should be provided to affected people from Commercial units

3. Consultation at Grid Station No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 5-May Grid Station Land Group of APs 10 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Expressed need for basic amenities i.e. health, education, roads, etc. • All the employment should be made from the affectees, as far as possible • Pure and clean drinking water should be provided to the PAPs • Requested scholarships for children so that they may get quality education (through Community Benefit Sharing Program). • Our area must be developed. We will must have better facilities like electricty, roads, schools and hospitals. • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • During the Project implementation local labour should be hired as much as possible especially the unskilled labour. • It is a good Project and is for country well-being but it will effect social and environmental settings of the area due to loss and cutting of trees and crops.

4. Consultation with APs at Grid Station Land No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 5-May Grid Station Land Group of APs & General Public 8 0

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Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Development projects are generally delayed due to litigation. Government should prefer to settle the disputes at the spot through some proper arrangement, in order to avoid litigation. • Unskilled labor should be hired from the local area. • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period;

5. Consultation At APs house Azakhel No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 6-May APs House Aza Khel APs women + General Public 0 7

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Mobility of women and children should not be restricted during construction activities • Compensation of trees should also be given; • Project should provide the cheap electricity to the local people especially affected persons; • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • All actions associated with the project should be through proper consultations; • There should be a continuous women consultation program throughout the project implementation period;

6. Consultation Pashtun Garhi No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women Hujra at Pashtun 6 May 8 Garhi APs women + General Public 1

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Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Contractor must take care of females privacy and parda during construction period. • Mobility of women and children should not be restricted during construction activities • Compensation for loss of crops due to the project activities should be provided timely and in transparent manner; • Project should provide the cheap electricity to the local people especially affected persons; • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • All actions associated with the project should be through proper consultations; especially with females • Females grievances should be taken care of at priority basis; • There should be employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled local people, preference should be given to the project affected persons;

7. Consultation at Dagi Jadeed No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 7-May APs Daggi Jadeed APs/ general public, Political rep., JI 13 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Crops compensation should be provided in case of affected crops ; • Compensation of trees should also be given; • Project should provide the cheap electricity to the local people especially affected persons; • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • All actions associated with the project should be through proper consultations; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period;

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• There should be employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled local people, preference should be given to the project affected persons;

8. Consultation at Dagi Qadeem No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 8-May APs Dagi Qadeem APs/general public, Political rep JUI 9 0 Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Women’s access to resources and privacy will be impacted due to outsiders coming into the area. • Labor should be hired from the local area • Development projects are generally delayed due to litigation. Government should prefer to settle the disputes at the spot through some proper arrangement, in order to avoid litigation. • Unskilled labor should be hired from the local area. • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period;

9. Consultation at Pabbi No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 10-May Pabbi APs/ general public, , Political rep, PPP 8 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • This is an important project to provide energy to the country because of shortage of energy. But we do not want to migrate due to this project • The affected people should be provided with permanent jobs in all the Government sectors. • Compensation for land should be ensured.

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• Cautionary and information signs should be erected for the awareness of the public. • Labor should be hired from the local area • Development projects are generally delayed due to litigation. Government should prefer to settle the disputes at the spot through some proper arrangement, in order to avoid litigation.

• There should be transparent and fair compensation; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period;

10. Consultation at AP Farm Pabbi No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 10-May APs Farm Pabbi APs/ general public, Political rep., JI 7 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Crops compensation should be provided in case of affected crops ; • Compensation of trees should also be given; • Project should provide the cheap electricity to the local people especially affected persons; • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • All actions associated with the project should be through proper consultations; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period; • There should be employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled local people, preference should be given to the project affected persons;

11. Consultation at Aman Kot-Political Rep/General Public No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 12-May APs Farm Aman Kot APs and general public 9 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto

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Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Increase in traffic due to project activities will result in congestion on the roads. • Community needs basic amenities i.e. health, education, roads, and safe drinking water, through community benefit sharing program. • NTDC should provide jobs to local people • Project should provide the cheap electricity to the local people especially affected persons; • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • All actions associated with the project should be through proper consultations; • There should be a continuous community consultation program throughout the project implementation period;

12. Consultation at Aman Kot No. of Participants Date Venue Target Group ( General Public & AHs) Men Women 12-May APs Farm Aman Kot APs and general public 9 0

Conducted by: Mr. Sarwar Rana, Mr. Jamil Khan Recorded by Mr. Shakil Afridi Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Shakil Afridi introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He provided a brief description of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the Basic Information shared with them. Major Concerns • Expressed need for basic amenities i.e. health, education, roads, etc. • After the construction of the project, the electricity supply to the area should be free of cost. • All the employment should be made from the affectees, as far as possible • Crops compensation should be provided in case of affected crops • Compensation of trees should also be given; • There should be transparent and fair compensation; • All actions associated with the project should be through proper consultations; • There should be employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled local people, preference should be given to the project affected persons;

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13. Public Consultation for Disclosure of ESIA and RAP Date: 21-09-2017 Venue Hujra/ Local Union Council Office, Azakhel, Nowshera Target Group Project Stakeholder and Affected Persons No of Participants 31 (31 males, 0 females) Conducted by: Mr. Mahr Khalid Addl DG, ESIC, NTDC Mr. Jamil Khan, Senior Sociologist MAES Mr. Ali Salman Zafar, Sr. Environmentalist, MAES Recorded by Mr. Faizan Khan, Project Coordinator, MAES Language: Urdu / Pashto Preamble: Mr. Jamil Khan introduced the consultation team and stated the purpose of consultation. He elaborated the description, executive summary, impact matrix and results of environmental, social and resettlement studies of the Project and asked the people if they had any questions on the information shared with them.

List of Participants

Sr. Name Position Contact No. 1 Shah Saud S/O Hassan Khan Tehsil Member (Representative)/ 03219013063 Stakeholder 2 Haji Akram Khan S/O Farid Khan Stakeholder 03439131540 3 Azeem Khan S/O Farid Khan Stakeholder 03459802941 4 Ibrahim Khan S/O Farid Khan Stakeholder 03219755710 5 Mukarram Khan S/O Haji Akram Representative/ Stakeholder 03005929129 Khan 6 Iqbal Hussain Representative/Stakeholder 03005971375 7 Amtul Wali Stakeholder 03229117513 8 Ibadullah Stakeholder 9 Rehmat S/O Hasham Ali Khan Representative 03449087427 10 Zardat Khan S/O Haji Bashir Gul Representative 11 Obaid ur Rehman S/O Haji Subhan Stakeholder 03439131892 12 Said Nazir Stakeholder 13 M Said S/O Iqbal Stakeholder 03409293398 14 Rabiullah S/O Shafiqullah Stakeholder 03459771269 15 Shah Fahad S/O Hassan Khan Stakeholder 03429318794 16 Habibullah S/O Arif Khan Stakeholder 3439448012 17 Maqfullah S/O Arif Khan Stakeholder 3459091651 18 Tila Mohammad S/O Sultan Khan Stakeholder 3005976961 19 Sadiq S/O Saif Khan Stakeholder 3459407573 20 Zain-ud-Din S/O Zia-ud-Din Stakeholder 3005945297 21 Akhtar Ali Khan S/O Zar Wali Khan Stakeholder 22 Naik Wazir S/O Shah Wazir Stakeholder 23 Awal Sher S/O Sermast Stakeholder 24 Gulab Sher S/O Khan Sher Stakeholder 25 Haji Subhan S/O Sarab Gul Stakeholder 26 Ihsan Ali S/O Ashraf Khan Stakeholder

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27 Gul Wali Khan S/O Khalil Khan Stakeholder 28 Mahr Khalid Mahmood Addl. DG / NTDC Representative 03357402302 29 Ali Salman Zafar Environmentalist (Consultant) 03351108810 30 Jamil Khan Sociologist (Consultant) 03449601150 31 Faizan Khan Coordinator (Consultant) 03468666664

Stakeholders Concerns Sr. Name Remarks/Opinion Reply No. 1 Shah Saud There is a negative perception in people Addl. DG replied that we have come here about land acquisition as we think that to resolve the issues and respond to the more than 1161 Kanal is being acquired locals and their concerns. for the said project. 2 Mukarram Fertile land is being acquired for G/S, It is our utmost effort not to disturb the Khan which is the only source for us to earn ‘routine of the affected persons (APs), if bread and butter for our families. otherwise, then compensation will be made according to prevailing market rates. The department is only paying the owner, It will be ensured that livelihood not the occupant of land. It is further allowance, shifting allowance and requested that barren land should be vulnerability allowance will be paid to the acquired for this project. occupants. 3 Shah Saud According to records and documents, the These are old documents. Earlier it was G/S is to be constructed outside of Aza proposed that the G/S will be constructed Khel. at Sheikh Muhammadi, but due to uncertain situation of law and order, it was later changed to Aza Khel. 4 Iqbal There is a lot of barren land available in NTDC site selection team has extensively Hussain Aza Khel, why have you selected Aza Khel. explored the surrounding areas to obtain suitable land for grid station. There is no other available to such an extent. 5 Haji Akram There is also some barren land near That piece of land was selected for Khan Cherat road. construction of 220kv Grid Station (funded by ADB, but cancelled now). This land is not sufficient for the proposed project. 6 Mukarram What will be the solution for As this is a tricky matter, it will be dealt by Khan combined/common (Shamilaat) land? the relevant department according to prevailing practices and the will of the affectees. 7 Iqbal The land categorization should be These land categories have been devised Hussain revised, as the land which is shown as per rules and category of land will be barren is being cultivated by us, which decided by the revenue department. will not be compensated accordingly. 8 Muhammad Bandubast9 and Tatima10 should be done This suggestion will be forwarded to the Said before giving out compensation to the relevant authority. Aps.

9 Bandobast: Rectifying/updating the land record with respect to type and ownership after some specified period, after every 10 years to be arranged by the District Revenue Officer. 2 Tatima: Introducing & marking the piece of land on site upon the request of new land owner (when the land is purchased by someone)

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9 Obaid ur In case land acquisition is inevitable, This has been noted. Moreover, the Rehman bandubast according to kabza/kabiz occupants are also being provided hefty (occupant) should be practiced and not allowances if they are moved/resettled. according to milkiyat (ownership). 10 Amtul Wali We will not give our land because this is Your reservations have been duly noted. our only means to earn for our families. Ibadullah Rehmat 11 Awal Sher Is there any crop compensation? Crop compensation for two seasons will be paid. 12 Haji Subhan Our land is considered barren but we These land categories have been devised have been cultivating it for quite some as per rules and category of land will be time now. How will you compensate? decided by the revenue department, it will be compensated accordingly. 13 Rehmat A barren piece of land which in Bata Most suitable land/place was selected Khash should be acquired for this after exploring the entire area purpose. 14 Zardat Khan We have a copy of notification regarding That piece of land was selected for land acquisition for G/S, which was construction of 220kv Grid Station (funded cancelled by DC Nowshera. by ADB). That was for a different project and has been cancelled. 15 Habibullah If the land categories are not revised and These matters are not taken lightly. During we are not paid according to actual the process of compensation, the affected situation, it might cause anger in stakeholders are consulted through each affectees and in return create a law and and every step. order situation. 16 Amtul Wali It is still my stance that the agricultural There is no other suitable land available. land should not be acquired. 17 Iqbal We have heard that the compensation The compensation is according to Hussain being suggested for our land is much less prevalent market rates and 25% than the actual and market rates. compulsory land acquisition charges will also be paid, which is suitable and applicable.

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