Kaskazini District Profi le B

The Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar

June 2017

.. Distance tocleandrinkingwater ...... 31 4.2.2 4.3.1 Distribution ofthemainwatersources ...... 29 Toilet 4.2.1 4.3 facilities Sanitation Performanceinschools ...... 27 Sourcesofdrinkingwater ...... 28 4.1.7 ...... Rehabilitationofclassrooms 4.2 ...... 26 4.1.6 Accessibilitytoschools ...... 21 4.1.3 4.1.5 Enrolmentinbasic,primaryandsecondaryschools ...... 20 School 4.1.2 4.1.4 Schoolswithinthedistrict ...... 19 Teachers facilities 4.1.1 ...... 23 ...... 24 4.1 Education 4 Social ...... services Livestockdevelopmentprojects...... 14 3.6 ...... Housing 3.4.1 3.5.1 Fishery conditions Agriculturaldevelopmentprojects...... 13 3.5 centres Fishery 3.3.2 ...... Provisionofextensionservices ...... 12 ...... 16 3.3.1 3.4 Livestock ...... 3.3 Agriculture 3.2 Major ...... 3.1 occupations Hospitality Other populationindicators ...... 8 3 Economic 2.3 ...... sectors ...... Population distribution,bysex,numberofhouseholdsandaverage household 2.2 Populationdistribution,byshehia...... 5 size 2.1 ...... Structureofthereport ...... 2 Population 1.3. characteristics ...... 1.2 Administration...... 1.1 Background 1 Introduction information List ofabbreviations...... 1 ...... Preface ...... Contents ...... 31 ...... ix ...... xi ...... 1 ...... 15 ...... 19 ...... 9 ...... 31 ...... 14 ...... 10 ...... 19 ...... 9 ...... 1 ....3 .16 ...9 ...5 ..6

iii Kaskazini B District Profi le iv Kaskazini B District Profi le Appendix: SWOCanalysis...... 6.1.11 District 6.1.10 Water andsanitation ...... 48 6.1.7 Youth council 6.1.9 Genderandsocialprotection ...... 48 HIV 6.1.6 6.1.8 empowerment Environment...... 48 and ...... 49 AIDS...... 49 6.1.5 Livestock 6.1.4 Fishery ...... 48 6.1.3 Agriculture ...... 4 6.1.2 Health Priority areasandrecommendations...... 47 6.1.1 6.1 Education ...... 4 ...... 47 Priority areas andrecommendations ...... 47 Sources ofenergy ...... 6 5.2 Top 10causesofmorbidity ...... 43 4.7.9 5.1 Environment 5 Cross-cutting ...... issues Healthfacilityutilization ...... 40 ...... 4.7.6 4.7.8 Family 4.7.7 Deliveries planning...... 42 ...... 42 4.7.5 Educationlevelofhealthworkers ...... 38 HIV 4.7.2 4.7.4 Numberofhealthcentres,privateandpublicfacilities...... 37 Antenatal and 4.7.1 4.7.3 Immunization care...... 39 AIDS...... 40 ProductiveSocialSafetyNet ...... 36 ...... 39 Basichealthindicators ...... 4.6.3 UniversalPensionScheme...... 36 4.7 4.6.2 SmallCash Transfer Scheme ...... 36 4.6.1 Socialprotectionservices...... 35 Basicneedspoverty ...... 35 4.6 4.5.1 4.5.2 Childrenlivinginvulnerablecircumstances ...... 34 Food 4.4.2 Violence againstchildren ...... 32 poverty 4.4.1 4.5 ...... 35 Poverty Peoplelivinginvulnerablecircumstances...... 32 4.4 ...... 48 ...... 49 ...... 35 ....45 ....45 ..51 .45 37 8 7 al 1 Hueod once oppdwtrspl 30 26 29 21 26 25 Householdsconnectedtopipedwatersupply Table 31: 22 22 25 Distributionofhouseholdsbymainsourcedrinking water Table 30: 27 24 23 Form IIscore 21 FormIIpassrate,byschoolandrankingintermsofaverage Table 29: 23 StandardVIIpassrate,byschoolandrankingintermsofrate Table 28: 16 15 Classroomsneedingrehabilitation Table 27: Selectedindicatorsforfacilitiesinsecondaryschools Table 26: 19 Selectedindicatorsforfacilitiesinprimaryschools Table 25: 14 Selectedindicatorsforfacilitiesinpre-primaryschools Table 24: 22 Selectedindicatorsforteachersinpre-primaryschools Table 23: 17 Selectedindicatorsfor teachersinprimaryschools Table 22: 11 Selectedindicatorsfor teachersinsecondaryschools Table 21: 10 Distributionofhouseholds bydistancetothenearestprimaryschool Table 20: 13 bydistrictand level Meandistancetonearest school Table 19: Modeoftransporttoschool Table 8 18: 9 16 14 GER,GPIfortheGER andpercentageshareofprivateenrolment, Table 17: 12 Primaryschoolenrolment Table 16: Studentsandteachers byschooltype Table 15: Housingconditionbased onbuildingmaterial Table 14: 2 Fishcatchesandvalue, bydistrict,2010–2014(value‘000 TSh) Table 13: Fisherycentres Table 12: Fishcatches Table 11: Developmentprojects Table 10: Distributionofhouseholdsbylivestockownership Table 9: Agriculturalprojectsinthedistricts Table 8: Distributionofstaff andtheireducationlevel Table 7: Cropproduction Table 6: Majoroccupations Table 5: Hotelslocatedinthedistrict Table 4: 6 Populationindicators Table 3: PopulationofKaskazinibdistrict,bysex,averagehouseholdsizeandsexratio Table 2: Constituencies,wardsandshehias Table 1: List oftables 28

v Kaskazini B District Profi le vi Kaskazini B District Profi le al 7 Tp1 asso obdt 43 40 44 42 42 45 38 35 35 37 39 35 34 Householdsconnected with(ZECO)electricity Table 36 48: 31 TopTable 10causesofmorbidity 47: Newfamilyplanningacceptance rate Table 46: 33 Facilityandhomedeliveries Table 45: Healthfacilityutilization Table 44: Antenatalservices Table 43: Immunizationcoverageunderoneyear Table 42: Educationlevelofhealthstaff Table 41: Personnelperhealthcentre Table 40: HouseholdscoveredbythePSSNprogramme Table 39: Oldagepopulation Table 38: Foodpoverty Table 37: Basicneedspoverty Table 36: 31 Mostvulnerablechildren Table 35: Childpolicedeskcases,2011–2015Table 34: Householdswithtoilet Table 33: Distributionofhouseholdsbydistancetodrinkingwaterindryseason Table 32: iue3 a fKsaiiB–Aeaehueodsz 7 7 5 Figure 3:MapofKaskaziniB– Average householdsize Figure 2:MapofKaskaziniB–Numberhouseholds Figure 1:MapofKaskaziniB–Populationdistribution List offi gures

vii Kaskazini B District Profi le

T next review. disaggregated uptotheshehialevel.Itisoursincerehopethatthesegapswillbe attained formostindicatorsmainlyduetounavailabilityofdatacollectedoveraperiodtimeand contain atimeseriesdatawhichisdisaggregateduptotheshehialevel. The objectivewasnot of by allindividualswhowereinvolvedinthisassignment,particularlystaff fromtheregions,district The consultantswouldliketoexpressdeepgratitudeforthesupportandcooperationprovided capacity tocarryoutareviewofthepro trained onhowtoreviewandupdateapro and validationofthereport.Headsdepartmentfromdistrictregionallevelswere Members ofthedistrictteamswerealsoinvolvedthroughoutentireexercisedatacollection (IFM) wasappointedtopreparethepro support fromtheUnitedNationsChildren’s Fund(UNICEF). The InstituteofFinanceManagement Preface fi ces, PORALGSD,OCGSandUNICEF. Itwasenvisionedthatthecurrentpro Administration, LocalGovernmentandSpecialDepartments(PORALGSD)with The developmentofthereportwassolicitedbyPresident’s Of his reviseddistrictpro fi le isanupdateofthepreviouspro fi fi le. The consultants workedcloselywiththePORALGSD. le inthenextround. fi le. The idea wastoensurethatthereisanecessary fi le producedin2007. fi ce –Regional fi le should le fi lled duringthe fi nancial

ix Kaskazini B District Profi le

WD people whoinjectdrugs productive socialsafetynet PWID PTR pupil-teacher PSSN publichealthnursingbranch PORALGSD President’s ratio primaryhealthcareunit Of PLR pupil-latrine primaryhealthcareunit PHNB PHCU ratio PHCU PCR pupil-classroom ratio E netenrolmentratio menwho havesexwithmen OCGS Of MkakatiwaKukuzaUchuminaKupunguza NER MSM MarketingInfrastructure,Value localgovernmentauthority Addition andRuralFinance InternationalLabourOrganization MKUZA MIVARF LGA HouseholdBudgetSurvey genderparityindex ILO HIV human grossenrolmentratio HBS footand mouthdisease GPI ear, nose, throat GER immunode DepartmentofSocialWelfare FMD ENT districtadministrativesecretary DSW ChamaChaMapinduzi DC district Central Agricultural ResearchInstitute DAS BacillusCalmette-Guérinvaccine CCM AgricultureSectorSupportProgramme CARI commissioner AgricultureSectorDevelopmentProgrammeforLivestock BCG assistantmedicalof ASSP acquiredimmunede ASDPL assistantdentalof AMO AIDS ADO List ofabbreviations and SpecialDepartments fi ce oftheChiefGovernment Statistician fi ce –Regional Administration, LocalGovernment fi fi ciency virus ciency cer fi cer fi ciency syndrome ciency

xi Kaskazini B District Profi le xii Kaskazini B District Profi le US ZanzibarUniversalPensionScheme ZanzibarStrategyforGrowthandReductionofPoverty ZanzibarIntegratedHIV, TB andLeprosyProgramme ZUPS ZanzibarElectricityCorporation ventilatedimprovedpit ZSGRP ZIHTLP ZECO VIP UnitedNationsChildren’s Fund UmojawawakulimamatundanambogaZanzibar UWAMWIMA Tanzania Social Action Fund UNICEF TSh Tanzanian Tanzania MediaWomen’s Association TASAF strengths,weaknesses,opportunities, andchallenges TAMWA SustainableDevelopmentGoal TAHAShilling Tanzania RevolutionaryGovernmentofZanzibar SWOC SDG Horticultural RGOZ Association water, sports andcoordination. cooperatives, planning,forestry, sportsandculture,livestock, agriculture, health,education,nationalidentity, communication,humanresources,youth, administrative secretary(DAS).Withintheof central governmentisheadedbyadistrictcommissioner (DC),whoisassistedbythedistrict (LGA) andthecentralgovernment. The districtdirectoristheleaderofLGA whilethe Kaskazini Biscomposedofatwo-tiersystemgovernment–thelocalauthority 1.2 Administration for theproductionofvariouscropsandrearinglivestock. mm to500duringtheshortrainyseason.Sucharainfallpatternmakesdistrictsuitable between 900mmand1,200ofrainfallduringthelongrainyseasonapproximately400 occurs duringthemonthsofSeptemberorOctobertoDecembereachyear. The districtreceives season isexperiencedduringthemonthsofMarchor April toMay, whiletheshortrainyseason season (ormasikainSwahili)andashortrainy(knownasvuliSwahili). The longrainy between 20°and40°centigrade.Italsoexperiencesabimodalrainfallpattern–longrainy the remainingpartofdistrict. The districthasatropicalclimate,withtemperaturesranging along thecoastalarea,especiallyinwestandeastofdistrict,whilelowlandcovers cent oftheland,andotherpart,coveredbycoralfeatures. The corallandismostlyfound The landscapeofKaskaziniBisdividedintotwoparts–thelowlandarea,whichabout95per and east. district onthesouth-east,Magharibisouth-westandIndianOceanwest Kaskazini A district,about11 milesfromMjiniMagharibi,andalsosharesboundarieswiththeKati Kaskazini BdistrictisoneoftwodistrictsUngujaRegion.Itlocatedsouth 1.1 Background information 1 Introduction Introduction 1 Chapter fi ce oftheDC,thereare 18departments– fi shery, childrenandwomen,legal,

1 Kaskazini B District Profi le 2 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 1: shehias inthedistrict. constituencies, 8wardsand31shehias. Table 1presentsalistofconstituencies,wardsand councillor, electedtorepresent citizensinthemunicipalcouncil.KaskaziniBdistricthas4 the National Assembly of theUnion(MainlandandZanzibar). A thirdpoliticalleaderisaward second politicalelectedleaderisamemberofParliament, whorepresentstheconstituencyin Representatives (BarazalaUwakilishi),whichdealswith issuesrelatedtoZanzibaronly. A Political electedleadersinthedistrictincludeacitizens’ representativeintheHouseof Source: 4831Mahonda Kiwengwa Donge Bumbwini KaskaziniBdistrict,2016. Constituenci osiunyWr Shehia Constituency Ward e s, wardsandshehias Mahonda Fujoni Mbaleni Kiwengwa Mkataleni Vijibweni Mafufuni Misu fi ni Mahonda Kinduni Zingwezingwe Mkadini Kiombamvua Fujoni Mangapwani Kilombero Mbaleni Kitope Kwagube Mgambo Kisongoni Pangeni Upenja Kiwengwa Mkataleni Mnyimbi Donge Mbiji Donge Pwani Donge Karange Donge Vijibweni Njia yaMtoni Donge Mtambile Majenzi Kiongwe Kidogo Mafufuni Makoba Kidazini Misu fi ni Finally, theSWOCanalysisisincludedinappendix. cutting issues,suchastheenvironment.Chapter6coverspriorityareasandrecommendations. crucial informationonthestatusofsocialserviceswithindistrict.Chapter5presentscross- characteristics. Chapter3elaboratesonthemaineconomicactivities,while4provides background informationaboutthedistrict.Chapter2describesdistrict’s population This pro Structure ofthe report 1.3. designated area,includingsecurity. boundaries, whereastheDC’s of is responsibleforissuesrelatedtotheenvironmentandcollectionoflevieswithindistrict There isacleardemarcationbetweentheresponsibilitiesoftwogovernmenttiers. The LGA assigned fromtimetobytheDC. the registrationofbirthsanddeathsaswellcoordinationotheractivitiesthatmaybe by theministerresponsibleforregionaladministration. A shehaisresponsibleforfacilitationof The shehiaisatthelowestlevelofcentralgovernment,ledbyasheha,whoappointed fi le isstructuredinsixchapters.Chapter1theintroductorysection,whichprovides fi ce overseestheprovisionofallpublicsocialserviceswithin

3 Kaskazini B District Profi le

Kiongwe Kidogoshehiahas 391people,whichisthelowestnumberinanyshehia inthedistrict. which isthehighestpopulation sizeinthedistrict. This isfollowedby Kitope, with5,582people. in shehiaswithinthedistrictisnotuniform.Forinstance, Misu Figure 1showspopulationdistributioninKaskaziniB districtbyshehia. The distributionofpeople Source: Figure 1: Population distribution, byshehia 2.1 presented below. population.Otherdemographicindicatorsare which isequivalentto6.2percentofZanzibar’s According tothePopulationCensusof2012,KaskaziniBdistricthasatotalpopulation81,675, 2 Population characteristics Population characteristics 2 Chapter PopulationandHousingCensus,2012. Mangapwani 2246 Map ofKaskaziniB–Population distribution Fujoni 3147 Mafufuni 3832 Kidanzini 2642 Misufini 7986 Makoba 3477 Kiombamvua 1938 Zingwezingwe 745 Donge Mchangani2917 Mkadini 2449 Muwanda 950 Matetema 2600 Mkataleni 4869 Mahonda 4322 Donge Mbiji2447 Donge Mnyimbi1266 Donge Mtambile2739 Kitope 5582 Donge Kipange1070 Donge Vijibweni 3760 Kinduni 2616 Donge Karange1826 Mbaleni 2811 Njia yaMtoni1548 Mgambo 2799 Pangeni 1604 fi ni shehiahas7,986people, Kilombero 1934 Upenja 1978 4,001-7,986 2,001-4,000 745-2,000 Kiwengwa 3575 Number

5 Kaskazini B District Profi le 6 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 2: households inthedistrictbyshehia. average householdsizeindifferent shehiasinthedistrictandFigure2showsdistributionof accommodation space. Table 2showspopulationdistributionbysex,numberofhouseholdsand Household sizereferstothenumberofpeoplelivinginsamehousewhosharemealsand/or Population and number distribution,ofhouseholds bysex, 2.2 Source: 1Mjni------109 104 103 - 4.9 4.9 - 4.6 104 97 96 - 153 4.9 407 5.3 345 4.9 95 - - 99 194 5 292 357 969 259 4.7 97 - 789 388 1,009 101 5 815 465 1,978 967 784 5 745 - 517 96 646 Majenzi 1,604 485 764 98 31 5.1 620 104 562 Zingwezingwe 950 30 Donge 2,499 97 1,548 561 1,230 4.7 5.1 104 Upenja Pwani 29 1,266 2,370 1,219 508 Pangeni 5.1 28 5 4,869 98 106 1,424 NjiayaMtoni 2,449 27 738 1,396 441 Muwanda 1,375 26 5 5.6 99 1,415 855 88 Mnyimbi 25 1,328 2,799 759 93 Mkataleni 2,811 4.6 24 1,272 4.9 97 1,752 1,101 Mkadini 644 95 23 4.8 1,112 2,600 1,725 Misu 1,145 2,193 22 4.8 418 5.3 1,881 Mgambo 3,477 21 2,129 530 2,246 1,951 Mbaleni 20 405 2,823 1,739 4,322 98 Matetema 550 19 3,832 2,759 1,836 595 93 Mangapwani 975 18 5.3 1,394 5,582 3,575 104 Makoba 17 1,000 5.1 106 963 1,222 104 Mahonda 16 1,343 5.2 934 1,616 2,616 Mafufuni 103 5.3 15 705 5.3 1,938 1,299 Kiwengwa 1,531 14 534 1,934 5.2 2,642 Kitope 470 13 3,147 551 Kiombamvua 203 12 1,900 Kinduni 11 352 1,418 1,860 Kilombero 10 1,202 Kidazini 1,321 3,760 1,414 9 525 1,245 Fujoni 2,739 8 1,503 898 DongeVijibweni 2,447 545 7 2,917 DongeMtambile 928 6 DongeMchangani 1,070 5 DongeMbiji 1,826 4 DongeKipange 3 DongeKarange 2 1 / hhaBoth Shehia S/N PopulationandHousing Census,2012. average size household Population average ratio ofKaskaziniBdistrict,bysex, sizeandsex household fi n ,8 ,2 ,6 ,6 . 96 4.8 1,669 4,066 3,920 7,986 ni sexes aeFml Numberof Female Male households household Average size ratio Sex Source: Figure 3:MapofKaskazini B–Average size household Source: Figure 2: eralla era e o se ol sizein KaskaziniBis Mangapwani 441 Mafufuni 759 Po lation an o sin ens s Po lation an o sin ens s Mangapwani 5.1 Kiombamvua 418 Mafufuni 5 Fujoni 595 Kidanzini 550 Map ofKaskaziniB–Number ofhouseholds Misufini 1669 Makoba 738 Fujoni 5.3 Kiombamvua 4.6 Kidanzini 4.8 Misufini 4.8 Makoba 4.7 Donge Mchangani551 Zingwezingwe 153 Mkadini 517 Muwanda 194 Matetema 508 Zingwezingwe 4.9 Muwanda 4.9 Donge Mchangani5.3 Mkadini 4.7 Donge Mbiji470 Mkataleni 967 Donge Mnyimbi259 Matetema 5.1 Mahonda 855 Kitope 1112 Donge Mnyimbi4.9 Mkataleni 5 Donge Mtambile534 Donge Mbiji5.2 Mahonda 5.1 Kitope 5 Donge Kipange203 Donge Mtambile5.1 Kinduni 530 Donge Vijibweni 705 Njia yaMtoni292 Donge Karange352 Donge Kipange5.3 Donge Vijibweni 5.3 Kinduni 4.9 Mbaleni 561 Njia yaMtoni5.3 Donge Karange5.2 Mgambo 562 Mbaleni 5 Mgambo 5 Pangeni 345 Pangeni 4.6 Kilombero 405 Upenja 407 Kilombero 4.8 Upenja 4.9 Kiwengwa 644 Kiwengwa 5.6

7 Kaskazini B District Profi le 8 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 3: persons persquarekilometre;thesexratiois99;andagedependence86. and agedependencyratio. As indicatedinthetable,populationdensityofdistrictis380 Table 3provides asummaryofstatisticsonpopulationgrowth,density, sexratio Otherpopulation indicators 2.3 Source: e ai 99 86 380/km 5 42.1 3.2 Proportion ofpopulationbelow15years Sex ratio Age dependencyratio Average householdsize Population density Population growthrate Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15;PopulationandCensus,2012. Population indicators niao Value Indicator in different waystothedistrict’s economy. lodges, andprovisionofotherservicessuchas mining andquarrying,manufacturing,services,construction,merchandisetrade,hotels to engagesolelyin business. Despite Basically, householdoccupationsinthisregion canfallintotwocategories–agricultureor 3.2 Major occupations Note Source: Table 4: each hotelisalsogiven.Hotelsandguesthousesareavailablein3outof31shehias,as2015. leading totheestablishmentofmanyhotels. Table 4provides alistofthesehotels. The classof Kaskazini Bdistrictisendowedwithalargebeacharea. This hasbecomeagreatattraction, 3.1 Hospitality The maineconomicactivitiesofthedistrictinclude:agriculture,forestry, 3 Economic activities sectors Economic 3 Chapter iegaMelia***** Mangapwani SeaClif***** Kiwengwa Mangapwani Kiombamvua : Thestars/asterisksindicatethecategories/ratingsofhotelsandguesthouses. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Hotels located inthedistrict Hotels located fi shing beingoneofthemainactivitiesindistrict, itisveryrareforaperson fi shing withoutbeingactiveineitheragricultureor business. Table 5indicates Shehia Hotel name fi nancial andinsurance. These sectorscontribute Kirest Two BarHugforSoul(Serena) Pesce BirichindRestorant Bahati Villa* Chnamon ZanzibarCommunal Kiwengwa Apartment Bay Bush Zanzibar FishingClub** Zan View Vera Club Kiwengwa Strend*** Blue Bay***** Sultan Sand***** fi shing, hunting,livestock,

9 Kaskazini B District Profi le 10 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 5: witness toagriculturalactivities. the numberofhouseholdsengagedineitheragricultureorbusiness. Thirty outof31shehiasare considered aprioritycropby thegovernment. very goodexamplehereis paddy. Giventhe natureofconsumptionintheisland,paddy(rice)is productivity, especiallywhenthedistrictis benchmarked againstothercrop-producingareas. A and different varietiesoffruitandvegetables. Available statisticsdepictarelativelylowlevelof Major cropsproducedwithinthedistrictarepaddy, sweetpotato,cassava,yam,millet,banana, 3.3 Agriculture Source: 0Uej 2 26 02 24 06 08 228 24 167 11 900 57 19 355 349 88 375 382 189 Zingwezingwe Upenja Pangeni 31 NjiayaMtoni 30 Majenzi 29 Kwagube 28 Mnyimbi 27 Mkataleni 26 Mkadini 25 24 23 1Mab 7 18 19 23 14 31 370 44 1,133 25 402 33 65 210 144 267 20 339 16 28 13 947 193 16 201 206 29 274 647 302 05 28 14 01 20 229 Misu Mgambo 341 Mbaleni 22 14 163 - Matetema 21 94 535 Mangapwani 20 Makoba 19 Mahonda 18 304 Mafufuni 17 Kiwengwa 16 Kitope 15 Kiombamvua 14 Kinduni 13 Kilombero 12 Kidazini 11 Fujoni 10 DongePwani 9 DongeVijibweni 8 DongeMtambile 7 KiongweKidogo 6 DongeMbiji 5 Kisongoni 4 DongeKarange 3 2 1 / hhaAgricultureBusiness Shehia S/N

Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015 Major occupations fi n 0 44 307 ni . Table 6: subsidy forpaddyproduction,whichcoversthisprovisionaswell. tractors forlandpreparationisacommonpractice,especiallybecausethegovernmentprovides Land preparationisprimarilypractisedusinghandhoes,draughtanimalsandtractors.Useof is easilyavailableandcouldhelpincreasesoilfertility, andtherefore, farm productivity. whether farmershavemanagedtoimprovesoilfertilitythroughtheuseofanimalmanure,which cattle, hasbeenincreasingovertheyears.Despitesuchanincrease,thereisnoindicationasto As willbeshownlaterinthispro other methodsofirrigationstillcontinue.Mosthouseholdspractiseamixedfarmingsystem. Crop productionispractisedmostlyunderarain-fedirrigationsystem,althoughefforts todevelop major determinantsofthefutureagriculture. a growthindemandforbetterhousing.Risingseawaterisyetanotherfactor. This isamongthe factors, suchasincreasingencroachmentonfarmlandcausedbyhighpopulation,coupledwith However, thelandareaundercropproductionhasbeendecliningoveryearsduetovarious 5Mjni--86------816 - - - 552 ------38 ------65 - - - - 1,100 ------Donge Vijibweni 347 ------Majenzi 26 4,583 - Pangeni - - - 25 186 - - - Makoba 178 - - - - 24 17,719 Kitope - - - 23 Zingwezingwe - - - - - 22 - - Upenja - 2,155 - - 21 - 1,250 NjiayaMtoni - 20 - - Kwagube - - 2,275 287 19 Mkadini - - - 68 18 - Misu - - - 17 294 Mgambo - 16 - 178 Mbaleni 26 15 529 Matetema - - 247 14 Mafufuni - 13 Kiwengwa - - 12 Kiombamvua 692 - Kinduni 11 Kilombero 10 - 1,260 805 Kidazini 9 254 Fujoni 8 222 DongeMtambile 7 Mnyimbi 6 DongeMbiji 5 Mangapwani 4 DongePwani 3 2 1 .N.Sei Cropproduction(inMT) Shehia S. No. Crop production fi n 9 - - - - - 597 ni asv aaaPnapeVgtbe Sweet Vegetables Pineapple Banana Cassava fi le, thenumberofhouseholdsthatownlivestock,especially potato Continued Maize

11 Kaskazini B District Profi le 12 Kaskazini B District Profi le 3.3.1 Provision ofextension services 3.3.1 Source: Continued Table 7: certi within thedistrict. The district hasatotalof20staff; ofwhomonehasadiploma,sevenhave The governmentprovidesextensionservicesthroughstaff deployedacrossdifferent shehias are sharedamongshehias. IV). Table 7providesthedeploymentofthesestaff membersindifferent shehias.Extensionstaff 1Ksnoi------45,675 - 892 - 2,284 ------Kisongoni DongeKarange 31 KiongweKidogo 30 Mkataleni 29 Mahonda 28 27 3Maaei 0 0 Diploma 1 0 Certi 1 0 0 Certi 1 FormIV 1 FormIII Certi 1 1 FormIV 1 0 Mkataleni FormIV FormIV 1 FormIV Mkadini 1 1 Misu 23 Mgambo 22 Mbaleni 21 Certi 1 Matetema 0 20 Mangapwani 0 19 Certi Makoba 1 18 Mahonda 17 Mafufuni 1 16 FormIV Kiwengwa 1 15 Kitope 14 Kiombamvua 13 Kinduni 12 Kilombero 11 Kidazini 10 Fujoni 9 DongeVijibweni 8 DongeMtambile 7 Majenzi 6 DongeMbiji 5 KiongweKidogo 4 DongeKarange 3 2 1 .N.Sei Cropproduction(inMT) Shehia S. No. .N.Sei o fsafEducationlevel No.ofstaff Shehia S. No. fi cates inagriculturalproductionandninehaveacerti Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Distribution ofstaff andtheireducation level oa 410122138-4,7 - 45,676 - 1,368 1,202 34,150 Total fi n 00 ni asv aaaPnapeVgtbe Sweet Vegetables Pineapple Banana Cassava fi cate ofsecondaryeducation(Form fi fi fi fi fi cate cate cate cate cate potato Continued Maize Continued Table 8: provided in Table 8withtheircorrespondinggeographicalarea. the government,orthroughadevelopmentpartner, orcollaboratively. A listofsuchprojectsis household foodsecurity, incomeandnutritionlevels. These projectsareeitherimplementedby Various projectshavebeenimplementedwithinthedistricttodevelop agricultureandimprove 3.3.2 Agricultural development projects Source: 0Kaue1Certi Certi FormIII FormIV FormIV 1 0 FormIII 1 1 1 1 0 1 DongePwani Kwagube Zingwezingwe 31 Upenja 30 Pangeni 29 NjiayaMtoni 28 Kisongoni 27 Mnyimbi 26 25 24 atrcig Seedlingpropagation Fastracking 7 Umojawa Promotingmixed 6 ACAI 5 Agricultural Sector 4 FarmConcerning Developingadata CassavaStatistics 3 2 Marketing 1 .N.Nm ftepoetOjcieSei Period Shehia Objective Nameoftheproject S. No. .N.Sei o fsafEducationlevel No.ofstaff Shehia S. No. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2016. Agricultural inthedistricts projects (UWAMWIMA) mboga Zanzibar matunda namboga wakulima wa (ASSP)P) Support Programme International Finance (MIVARF) Addition andRural Infrastructure, Value of sweetpotatoes and sweetpotatocrops for banana,cassava agricultural practices Promoting good and sweetpotato cropping ofcassava agricultural practice Promoting good system agricultural marketing Strengthening the system forcassava systems agricultural marketing strengthening Developing and Mtambile and Donge except Kitope In allshehias Kitope Donge Pwani Matetema and Mahonda, Mbaleni, Kitope, Misu Kilombero, Donge Vijibweni, 2008–2016 All shehias 2014–2015 2014–2017 All shehias Donge fi ni, fi fi 2014–2017 2016–2019 2014–2017 cate cate Continued

13 Kaskazini B District Profi le 14 Kaskazini B District Profi le Source: Table 10: Livestock developmentprojectsimplementedwithinthe districtareshownin Table 10. developmentLivestock 3.4.1 projects 3.4 Livestock livestock extensionof community animalhealthworkers. This constitutes anattempttoreducetheeffects ofinsuf district hastwoanimalhealthcentresandprovidesprimarycarethroughtrained supplied bytheprivatesectorwithindistrict. The districthastwosuppliers.Besidesthese,the as extensionserviceswellvaccinations.Veterinary drugsagainstvariousdiseasesare Livestock rearersaresupportedbythegovernmentthroughprovisionofpublicgoodssuch Source: Table 9: that ownlivestockhasbeen pigs, chicken,ducks,turkeys,rabbitsanddonkeys.Statisticsshowthatthenumberofhouseholds Available informationshowsthatresidentswithinthisdistrictrearanimalssuchascattle,goats, Source: some ofthesediseasesisstillachallengewithinthe district. by fowlpox,Newcastlediseases,wormsandcoccidiosis. The availabilityofdrugstocombat well asfootandmouthdisease(FMD),mostlyaffecting cattle.Meanwhile,birdsareoftenaffected diseases suchasanthrax,blackquarter, EastCoastfever, pneumonia,mastitis,otitis,wormsas the distributionofhouseholdsbyownershiplivestockwithindistrict. Livestock suchascowanddonkeyarecommonlyusedtoprovidedraughtpower. Table 9shows in 2004/5,asseen Table 9.In2009/10,anaverageof10.5householdsownedlivestock. Continued azbr10101010100 10.5 100 14.5 100 8 100 8.4 100 7.8 Zanzibar Kaskazini B District 2004/05 2009/10 2004/05 2009/10 2009/10 ARC Producingquality- ZANRICE 8 SA Eradicationofrabies Agricultural Sector Development WSPA 2 1 CentralAgricultural 9 .N.Nm ftepoetOjcieSei Period Shehia Objective Nameoftheproject S. No. .N.Nm ftepoetFocus Nameoftheproject S. No. KaskaziniBdistrict, 2015. Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2009/10. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Distribution of households bylivestock ownership Distribution ofhouseholds (CARI) Research Institute Development projects ag ietc Mediumlivestock Large livestock Programme Livestock fi cers withinthedistrict.Popularanimaldiseasesthreateningdistrictare fl uctuating yearly;thehighestwasin2009/10andlowest declared seedrice practice forpaddy agricultural production Promoting good Livestock productionandmarketing Kisongoni Upenja and Kilombero, Pangeni, Upenja Kilombero and Pangeni, 2014–15 2016–2020 fi cient Source: Table 11: shehias. Table 11 shows theestimatedamountof recording protein forresidentswithinandbeyondthedistrict. The districthasthreecentresfortrackingand many peoplethroughoutthevaluechain.Inadditiontothat, making coastal area,especiallyinthewestandeast. The corallandprovidesagoodhabitatfor As mentionedearlierinthisreport,KaskaziniBhascoralland,whichismostlyfoundalongthe 3.5 Fishery 8Uej 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64,317 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Zingwezingwe 0 Upenja 113,860 29 Pangeni 0 1 28 0 Njia ya Mtoni 27 Kwagube 0 0 26 Mnyimbi 0 0 25 Mkataleni 0 1 0 0 24 0 0 Mkadini 23 Misu 22 Mgambo 0 0 21 Mbaleni 20 Matetema 0 19 Makoba 0 18 Mahonda 0 0 17 0 Mafufuni 16 Kiwengwa 15 Kitope 0 14 Kiombamvua 13 Kinduni 12 Kilombero Kidazini 11 Fujoni 10 DongePwani 9 DongeVijibweni 8 DongeMtambile 7 KiongweKidogo 6 DongeMbiji 5 Kisongoni 4 DongeKarange 3 2 1 .N.Sei Numberof Shehia S. No. Social EconomicSurvey,2014. fi shery animportantsectorwithinthedistrict. The fi Fish catches shing catches. These centresarelocatedinKidazini,KiwengwaandMangapwani fi n 00 0 ni fi sh caughtindifferent shehiasinayear. centres fi fi shery sectoroffers employmentto shery fi sh isanothermajorsourceof Amount of in MT fi sh caught fi sh,

15 Kaskazini B District Profi le 16 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 12: collected withinthedistrict.However, asinotherdistricts,thereisthechallengeofunof There are10 3.5.1 Fishery centres Kilombero (22percent),Mbaleni (69percent)andKwagube(57cent). by ironsheets. These shehiasareKiongweKidogo(33percent),Kisongoni(36 percent), sheets inthedistrict.Only available palmleaves.Misu use ironsheets,whichareconsideredtomakebetter qualityhouses,whileothersuselocally The conditionofhousesinthedistrictisindicatedby the roo 3.6 Housing conditions Source: Table 13: Source: landing sites.Unof 0471278743,7 127,214,227 111,872,940 103,180,992 32,974 85,667,819 30,712 29,411 61,784,310 2,778,764 28,759 2,908,878 721 3,368,812 25,693 820 1,990,750 1 967 1 805,787.80 1 669 345 1 2 2014 1 2013 2012 2011 2010 Misu Mafufuni Makoba Kuwanda Mangapwani 7 Kidazini 6 Kiwengwa 5 4 3 2 1 ynae1 1 Nyanjale Fujoni 9 8 .N.Sei No.ofcentres Shehia S. No. ZanzibarSocialEconomicSurvey,2014. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. KsaiiBZanzibar Kaskazini B Fishcatches andvalue bydistrict,2010–2014(value ‘000TSh) Fishery centres fi shery centreswheredatarelatedtotheamountandtypesof fi Total 10 cial landingsitescreateaproblemindatacollection. os Vle Tn Value Tons Value Tons fi n 1 ni fi ve shehiasinthedistrict havelessthan70percentofhousesroofed fi ni shehiahasthehighest percentageofhousesroofedbyiron fi ng materialsused.Some houses fi sh caughtis fi cial Source: Table 14: 0Uej 9 386 71 70 90 90 63 57 84 44 101 84 86 16 27 394 196 27 110 234 120 85 149 236 259 147 617 535 Zingwezingwe Upenja 31 Pangeni 30 Njia ya Mtoni 29 Majenzi 28 Kwagube 27 Mnyimbi 26 Mkataleni 25 Mkadini 24 23 1Mab 5 4 71 69 84 79 92 145 84 625 75 110 87 90 142 35 355 85 105 73 1,375 280 86 590 22 89 94 54 528 420 534 103 97 85 843 78 368 75 619 489 81 Misu 74 56 82 Mgambo 575 36 267 22 52 Mbaleni 21 105 498 Matetema 609 74 20 88 Mangapwani 19 160 Makoba 56 86 18 Mahonda 283 300 17 Mafufuni 16 Kiwengwa 323 37 15 Kitope 450 14 72 392 Kiombamvua 162 13 Kinduni 12 Kilombero Kidazini 11 277 Fujoni 10 DongePwani 9 DongeVijibweni 8 DongeMtambile 7 KiongweKidogo 6 DongeMbiji 5 Kisongoni 4 DongeKarange 3 2 1 .N.Sei Numberof Shehia S. No. KaskaziniBdistrict,2016. Housing condition based onbuildingmaterial based Housing condition fi n ,3 693 96 1,334 ni with ironsheets houses roofed houses thatched Number of with palm leaves. households with Percentage of iron sheets

17 Kaskazini B District Profi le

11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Table 15: The typeandnumberofschoolsbyshehiaispresentedin Table 15. Kaskazini Bhasatotalof12secondaryschools,20primaryschoolsand19pre-primaryschools. withinthedistrict Schools 4.1.1 4.1 Education protection. This chaptercoverssocialservices,whichincludeeducation,waterandsanitation, 4 Social services services Social 4 Chapter No. 1 S. idn idn Pre- Pre- Mangapwani Kinduni Pre- Mangapwani Mahonda Kinduni Pre- Pre- Mahonda Makoba Misu Pre- Kitope Makoba Kipange Kitope Pre- Kipange Pangatupu Karange Donge Kidazini Mchangani Pre- Donge Munadhamati Donge Pwani Students and teachers by school type Students andteachersbyschool hhaSho colN.o tdnsNo.of No.ofstudents School School Shehia fi n ubiiPre- Bumbwini ni aag Pre- Karange Pre- Muanda primary primary primary primary primary primary primary primary primary primary primary primary Pre- Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary rmr eodr aeFml aeFemale Male Female Male Secondary Primary 7 5 16 2 19 158 2 31 173 300 3 29 253 690 7 26 705 630 9 27 690 593 11 5 635 2 523 28 522 90 1 7 60 5 238 22 292 77 7 7 89 0 226 283 62 51 Continued teachers

19 Kaskazini B District Profi le 20 Kaskazini B District Profi le 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 GER atthesecondaryeducation levelinthedistricthasimprovedfrom36.72004/5 to42.5in basic andprimaryeducation levelsfrom99.8and115.1 to95.7and100.7,respectively. However, 2014/15. GERsindicateadeclineoftheenrolmentratio in2014/15ascomparedto2004/5at and secondaryeducationinthedistrictareabove nationalaveragesin2004/5,2009/10and at thebasic,primaryandsecondaryeducationlevels, respectively. The NERsatbasic,primary improved in2004/5ascomparedto2014/15–from79.2, 77.8and26.6to83.1,82.534.2 in schools,regardlessoftheagesenrolledchildren. Netenrolmentinthedistricthas that oftheschoolagesconsidered.Grossenrolment ratio (GER)showsthelevelofenrolment enrolment ratio(NER)indicatesthepercentageof speci Enrolment percentagesshowtheproportionofchildren enrolledinschoolsatdifferent levels.Net schools 4.1.2 Enrolment andsecondary inbasic,primary Source: Continued No. 12 S. og wn og Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Secondary Mahonda Donge Donge Pwani Makoba Kitope Mahonda Primary Fujoni Misu Makoba Kitope Fujoni Pre- Pre- Mtambile Donge Donge Kiyongwe Donge Pwani Upenja Mafufuni Pre- Kiwengwa Upenja Pre- Kilombero Kiwengwa Pre- MgamboSkuli Kilombero Fujoni Pre- Mgambo Matetema Fujoni Matetema unaMad Secondary Muanda Muanda igeigeZnwznw Pre- Zingwezingwe Zingwezingwe Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining,2016. hhaSho colN.o tdnsNo.of No.ofstudents School School Shehia fi n ubiiSecondary Bumbwini ni Total Mtambile Donge Skuli primary Pre- primary primary primary primary primary primary primary primary Pre- rmr Secondary Primary Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Primary Primary Primary Primary rmr eodr aeFml aeFemale Male Female Male Secondary Primary fi c agesoftheenrolled childrenand 9 7 625 16 3 378 18 12 390 346 9 9 394 263 16 8 263 310 14 20 302 356 6 26 332 345 9 14 368 409 0 2 415 2 177 198 30 51 1 1 212 428 12 16 246 8,798 15 20 210 8,590 16 3 415 213 15 4 452 298 13 14 348 328 12 4 337 306 18 21 305 216 267 251 4 216 263 296 teachers by childrentogoschools includebikes,privatecarsandpubliccars. children walktoprimaryand secondaryschools,respectively. The othermeansoftransport used In accordancewiththeHouseholdBudgetSurvey2014/15, 95.7percentand87ofthe Accessibility schools 4.1.3 to Source: and level Table 17: GPI of1.57againstthenationallevel1.05. as comparedtothatofthenational1.05.Insecondaryschool,moregirlswereenrolled,witha average. Ontheotherhand,slightlyfewergirlswereenrolledinpre-primarywithaGPIof0.98 enrolment ofgirlsandboysinprimaryschoolthedistrictwasequalsimilartonational males enrolledinagivenstageofeducation. The grossenrolmentGPIindicatesthatin2012,the In itssimplestform,itiscalculatedasthequotientofnumberfemalesby The GenderParityIndex(GPI)measurestherelativeaccesstoeducationofmalesandfemales. Source: Table 16: different levelsinthedistrict. averages by1.4,0.8and7.4,respectively. Table 16presentstheGERandNERinschoolsat 2014/15. In2014/15,GERsatbasic,primaryandsecondaryeducationwerebelowthenational education Secondary education Secondary education Primary education Primary education Basic education Basic azbr2. .57. 8910 . 8410 7.6 1.09 68.4 6.3 1.00 98.9 75.9 1.05 Zanzibar 26.5 B GER Kaskazini GER District Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15. GER, GPI for the GER and percentage shareGER, GPIfor ofprivate theGERandpercentage enrolment, bydistrict Primary school enrolment Primary school r-rmr rmr Ordinary Primary Pre-primary azbr3 64 25 50 54 43 102 42 41 103 101 97 40 37 112 111 90 96 46 34 83 115 100 93 33 35 81 83 Zanzibar 83 100 27 Kaskazini B 77 85 80 83 Zanzibar 78 Kaskazini B 78 83 Zanzibar 79 Kaskazini B . .84. 6410 . 6215 0.0 1.57 46.2 0.0 1.00 76.4 42.3 0.98 9.5 GPI enrolment Private 040 091 041 040 091 2014/15 2009/10 2004/05 2014/15 2009/10 2004/05 e nomn ai Grossenrolmentratio Net enrolmentratio E GER GER GPI enrolment Private E GER GER (Form 1–4) GPI enrolment Private Secondary

21 Kaskazini B District Profi le 22 Kaskazini B District Profi le the nationalaverage. national average.However, theaveragedistancetosecondaryschoolin2009/10wasequal in thedistricthadtowalkalongerdistancesecondaryschool2004/05ascompared distance tothenearestprimaryschoolindistrictisbetterthannationalaverage.Children 2009/10 ascomparedtodistancesreportedinthe2004/05HouseholdBudgetSurvey. The mean 0.4 kmand0.8km,respectively. This meansthatchildrenwalkedshorterdistancestoschoolsin to thenearestprimaryandsecondaryschoolhasimprovedin2009/10–from1km1.9 Table 19shows theaveragedistancetonearestschoolindistrict. The averagedistance distance tothenearestschoolanddistributionofhouseholdsbyschool. Other indicatorsthatshowaccessibilitytoprimaryandsecondaryschoolsinthedistrictaremean Source: Table 18: Source: Table 20: 3.9 kmsfromthenearestprimaryschool. national averageof65.7percent.Only0.4centhouseholdsinthedistrictaremorethan about 80percentofthehouseholdsindistrictwerewithinakilometreascomparedto The distributionofhouseholdbydistancetothenearestprimaryschoolindicatesthatin2009/10, Source: Table 19: azbr105180.8 0.8 1.8 1.9 0.5 0.4 1 1 Zanzibar Kaskazini B 100 100 100 93,227 100 13.7 7.7 12,789 3.3 275,892 3.4 1.5 2.8 3,155 8,968 2.1 5.5 2.5 5,119 2.4 5,848 2.1 72,164 77.4 0.3 5,684 87 Total children 92.6 255,392 Zanzibar (%) 95.7 Secondary (%) Total children Zanzibar (%) Primary (%) N 572. . . . . 232,511 15,736 0.2 0.1 0.4 2.1 0 7.2 4.6 24.2 7.8 65.7 7.3 79.8 ZNZ Kaskazini B Distance / location ZanzibarHouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15. ZanzibarHouseholdBudgetSurvey,2009/10. Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2009/10. Distribution of households by distance tothenearest primaryschool bydistance Distribution ofhouseholds Mean distance tonearest school Mean distance Mode of transport toschool oftransport Mode than 1 Less akn iePrivate Bike Walking 2004/05 2009/10 2009/10 2004/05 rmr col(m Secondaryschool(km) Primary school(km) .–. .–. .–. .–. 6 Number 1.0–1.9 2.0–2.9 6+ 3.0–3.9 5.0–5.9 of vehicle vehicle Public households Total Table 22: schools inthedistrictfrom8:1to38:1,whicharewithinrecommendedlevelof40:1. ranging from3to26innumber. The pupil-teacherratio(PTR)varieswidelyacrossprimary Bumbwini, Mahonda,Fujoni,DongeKipandeandMangapwani–hadunquali Table 22showsthatnineprimaryschools–Kilombero,Upenja,Kiyongwe,Kitope,Makoba, Source: Table 21: However, theratioinallschoolsexceptKiyongweiswithinrecommendedlevelof35:1. The pupil-teacherratiovarieswidelyacrosssecondaryschoolsinthedistrict,from7:1to37:1. secondary schoolsinthedistrict–namely, UpenjaandKarume–have nounquali Table 21shows thenumberofunquali 4.1.4 Teachers .N.Sei r-rmr col%ofunquali Pre-primaryschool Shehia S. No. 2Mad aue08 14 24 21 16 16 0 37 8 7 5 15 8 6 2 12 10 4 7 0 Karume 7 Mahonda 2 Donge Mwanda Makoba Kitope DongePwani 12 Fujoni Mahonda 11 Misu Kiyongwe 10 Makoba Mgambo 9 Kitope Upenja 8 Fujoni 7 Mafufuni Kilombero 6 Mgambo Kiwengwa 5 Upenja 4 Kilombero 3 Kiwengwa 2 1 1DnePaiDne015 23 28 38 20 0 25 19 4 22 3 13 10 34 27 13 0 20 8 0 Mahonda Donge Makoba DongePwani Kitope Mahonda Fujoni 11 Misu 10 Makoba Kiyongwe 9 Kitope Mgambo 8 Upenja Fujoni 7 Mafufuni Kilombero 6 Mgambo 5 Kiwengwa Upenja 4 Kilombero 3 Kiwengwa 2 1 No. S. MinistryofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. vrl azbr417 4 Overall Zanzibar Selected indicators for teachers in secondary schools indicators forSelected teachersinsecondary Selected indicators forSelected teachersinprimaryschools fi fi n ubii2 35 26 Bumbwini ni n ubii626 6 Bumbwini ni hhaScnaysho %ofunquali Secondaryschool Shehia fi ed teachersinsecondaryschoolsthedistrict. Two ofthe teachers teachers fi ed fi ed Pupil–teacher ratio fi ed teachers ed Pupil–teacher fi ed teachers. ed ratio Continued

23 Kaskazini B District Profi le 24 Kaskazini B District Profi le Source: Continued establishes whethertherearesuf The pupil–classroomratio(PCR)indicatestheaverage numberofpupilsinaclassroomand 4.1.5 School facilities * overallstatusofZanzibar Source: Table 23: recommended levelof25pupilstooneteacher. and threeoftheschools–Kiwengwa,KilomberoBumbwinihavearatiobeyond to the2013statistics. The PTRinpre-primaryschoolsthedistrictvariesfrom11:1 to38:1, As indicatedin Table 23,allpre-primaryschoolsinthedistricthadquali have suf the districtvariesfrom9to39forboys,and856 girls. All pre-primaryschoolsexceptDonge recommended numberisonelatrinefor45girlsand50 boys. The PLRinpre-primaryschools latrine ratio(PLR)showsthenumberoflatrinesavailable forusebythepupilsinaschool. The eight pre-primaryschoolsinthedistricthavepupilswithin therecommendednumber. The pupil– PCR ratiosinpre-primaryschoolsthedistrictrange from5to67pupils.Onlythreeoutofthe .N.Sei r-rmr col%ofunquali Pre-primaryschool Shehia S. No. og wn og 14 11 34 38 19 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 Donge KiwengwaSkuli Karange Kilombero MgamboSkuli DongePwani DongeKarange Kiwengwa 18 7 Mwanda Kilombero 6 25 Mgambo 8 5 14 Misu 4 18 19 Muwanda 3 2 0 1 0 0 10 6 0 Matetema DongeKipange DongeKipange Matetema Kinduni Karange 18 Mangapwani DongeKarange 17 Muwanda Mangapwani 16 Kinduni 15 Muwanda 14 13 Donge 12 .N.Sei r-rmr col%ofunquali Pre-primary school Shehia S. No. MinistryofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. MinistryofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. fi azbr523 5 Zanzibar Mtambile cient latrinesforbothboysandgirls. vrl*019 0 Overall* Selected indicators forSelected teachersinpre-primary schools fi n/iaiiBmwn 39 0 Bumbwini ni/Kidazini og tmie023 0 Donge Mtambile fi cient classroomstoaccommodate pupils. Table 24showsthe teachers teachers fi ed fi ed teachersaccording fi ed Pupil–teacher ratio Pupil–teacher ratio Source: Table 25: Dongwe Kipandehaveinsuf varies from28to313forboys,and27358girls. All primaryschoolsexceptMatetemaand recommended levelof40:1. As shownin Table 25,thePLRinprimaryschoolsdistrict average is58:1.Only4outofthe18primaryschoolsindistricthavepupilswithin The PCRratiosinprimaryschoolsthedistrictrangefrom27:1to105:1whilenational Source: Table 24: 7Mttm aeea4 827 51 84 137 28 77 47 116 34 88 41 89 63 133 63 - 28 358 65 176 37 106 139 40 133 313 - 262 117 41 129 104 79 46 69 Matetema DongeKipange 102 105 - 49 101 50 Kinduni DongeKipange 133 Karange 114 Mangapwani 63 Matetema 51 Muwanda 18 DongeKarange 59 47 17 105 Mangapwani 64 16 Kinduni DongeMtambile Mahonda Donge 15 44 Muwanda 14 Makoba DongeMtambile 27 Kitope 13 DongePwani Fujoni 12 Mahonda Misu 11 Kiyongwe Makoba 10 Mgambo Upenja Kitope 9 Fujoni 8 Kilombero Mafufuni 7 Kiwengwa Mgambo 6 Upenja 5 Kilombero 4 Kiwengwa 3 2 1 og wn og 95 32 38 21 67 5 56 56 22 - - 39 43 11 8 - - 13 24 14 17 9 DongeKipange Donge KiwengwaSkuli Karange DongeKipange Kilombero DongePwani MgamboSkuli DongeKarange 8 Kiwengwa 7 Mwanda Kilombero 6 Mgambo 5 Misu 4 Muwanda 3 2 1 .N.Sei Pre-primary Shehia S. No. .N.Sei rmr colPupil–classroom Primaryschool Shehia S. No. Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining, 2014. Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. vrl ttsfrZnia 818126 138 58 Overall statusforZanzibar Zanzibar Overall statusfor Selected indicators forSelected facilitiesinprimaryschools Selected indicators forSelected facilitiesinpre-primary schools fi fi n ubii9 - - 95 Bumbwini ni n/iaiiBmwn 39 - - Bumbwini ni/Kidazini fi cient latrinesforbothboysandgirls. school ui–arn ai Pupil– Pupil–latrine ratio aeFemale Male ratio 72 18 25 27 Pupil–latrine ratio aeFemale Male classroom ratio

25 Kaskazini B District Profi le 26 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 26: have insuf varies from6to100forboys,and12148girls. Thus, allsecondaryschoolsinthedistrict – havepupilsbeyondtherecommendednumber. The PLRinsecondaryschoolsthedistrict district isbetween5and94.Onlytwosecondaryschoolsinthe–BumbwiniMahonda Table 26shows that theaveragenumberofpupilsinaclassroomsecondaryschools Table 27: which arecurrentlybeingconstructedandthoseinpoorcondition. Table 27providesdetailsonthenameofschool,numberclassroomsconstructed,those In mostschools,theclassroomsareinapoorconditionandimmediaterehabilitationisrequired. 4.1.6 Rehabilitation ofclassrooms Source: og rmr 0044 6 0 5 2 4 5 6 6 0 0 0 0 4 13 3 0 9 4 0 6 3 0 0 20 2 13 0 0 15 12 0 8 22 0 11 1 MakobaSecondary DongePrimary 13 10 MtambilePrimary 9 9 MgamboPrimary 8 8 MahondaPrimary 7 KarangePrimary 6 Matetema 5 BumbwiniPrimary 4 MahondaSecondary 3 KitopeSecondary 2 1 1DnePaiDne2 973 88 32 84 56 69 59 69 28 50 76 38 17 49 16 28 94 25 - 40 32 35 6 39 13 12 - 37 37 31 12 Mahonda Donge MwandaKarume 30 Makoba DongePwani 5 Kitope 12 Mahonda Fujoni Misu 11 Makoba 10 Kiyongwe Kitope 9 Mgambo Upenja Fujoni 8 Mafufuni 7 Kilombero Mgambo 6 Kiwengwa Upenja 5 Kilombero 4 Kiwengwa 3 2 1 .N.Sho aeNumber of Schoolname S. No. .N.Sei Secondary Shehia S. No. Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. vrl o azbr3 260 42 33 Overall forZanzibar fi Classrooms needing rehabilitation needing Classrooms Selected indicators for facilities in secondary schools indicators forSelected facilitiesinsecondary cient latrinesforbothboysandgirls,exceptthree–Kiwengwa,UpenjaMgambo. fi n ubii4 0 148 100 41 Bumbwini ni school classrooms Pupil–classroom construction ratio Under condition aeFemale Male Poor Pupil–latrine ratio Required Continued Table 28: while thenationalratewas79percent. rate was83percent.Incontrast,theboys’ passraterangedfrom40percentto100 in different schoolsinthedistrictwasbetween74percentand100whilenational schools attainedpassratesabovethenationalaverage.Insuchexaminations,girls’ passrate Standard VIIexaminationsrangedfrom63percentto100cent,wherebyalltheprimary schools inthedistrict. The overallpassratesachievedbyprimaryschoolsinthedistrict This subsectionprovidesinformationonperformanceinexaminationsprimaryandsecondary Performance4.1.7 inschools Source: Continued .N.Sho akn Passrate Ranking School S. No. 5Fjn rmr 11621 8 6 6 8 0 2 0 0 10 1 0 6 0 0 6 0 2 0 4 3 3 0 21 2 0 3 0 15 3 5 10 2 3 0 2 5 4 6 10 4 0 8 2 Zingwezingwe4 8 6 FujoniPrimary 22 16 0 26 Pangatupu5 14 0 25 2 KitopePrimary 4 0 24 KiongweSecondary 26 23 KinduniSecondary 5 22 KiwengwaSecondary 0 21 10 0 FujoniSecondary 20 Mangapwani 16 19 DongePre-primary 18 Kilombero 11 17 Upenja13 16 KipangePrimary 15 MakobaPrimary 14 DongeSecondary 13 BumbwiniSecondary 12 11 ubii1 98 281 84 73 86 82 78 91 94 70 84 100 80 93 93 71 96 77 89 94 100 99 79 88 74 93 160 59 100 90 10 8 31 13 64 14 1 6 100 4 176 2 14 1 Bumbwini Makoba 9 15 Kitope 2 8 Fujoni 7 Kiyongwe 6 Mgambo 5 Upenja 4 Kilombero 3 Kiwengwa 2 1 .N.Sho aeNumberof Schoolname S. No.

Kaskazini Bdistrict,2016. oa 0 14 145 43 71 Total 308 Standard VII pass rate, by school and school ranking intermsofpassrate andschool Standard VIIpassrate, byschool ititZnia aeFml Total Female Male Zanzibar District classrooms construction Under condition Poor Required Continued

27 Kaskazini B District Profi le 28 Kaskazini B District Profi le are pipedwaterintohomes, publicstandpipes,boreholes,protectedwells, springsand Water sources canbeclassi ofdrinkingwater Sources 4.2 Source: Form IIscore Table 29: per centforboys and boyswerebetween17percent100forgirls,19 schools achievedpassratesabovethenationalaverage(56percent). The passratesforgirls from 42percentto100cent. As shownin Table 29,about48percentofthesecondary In secondaryschools,theperformanceofpupilsinFormIIexaminationsdistrictranged Source: Continued .N.Sho akn Passrate Ranking School S. No. 6Krne1 3 49 77 87 77 73 94 63 82 78 84 83 74 44 81 100 76 91 84 71 131 55 40 134 71 81 11 162 5 202 12 75 91 14 16 Karange 7 9 Mangapwani 16 Kinduni 15 Mwanda 14 DongeMtambile 13 Donge 12 Mahonda 11 10 ioeKtp 26 165 53 83 71 48 66 97 72 61 100 55 94 100 69 72 100 58 122 93 38 95 73 100 7 17 10 91 4 20 2 54 70 94 2 Makoba 5 1 Kitope 103 Misu 23 Fujoni Makoba Kitope 8 9 Kiyongwe Fujoni 3 8 Mgambo Upenja Mafufuni 7 Mgambo 6 Kilombero Upenja 5 Kiwengwa Kilombero 4 Kiwengwa 3 2 1 2Mad aue1 5 84 42 44 44 38 33 157 48 12 172 13 Karume Mwanda Mahonda Donge 12 Mahonda 11 10 .N.Sei col akn Passrate Ranking School Shehia S. No. Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. Ministry ofEducationandVocationalTraining,2014. vrl o azbr37 381 83 79 3 Overall forZanzibar vrl o azbr16 461 54 65 1 Overall forZanzibar Pwani Form II pass rate, by school and school rankingForm intermsofaverage andschool IIpassrate, byschool fi n ubii1 3 32 47 25 63 136 11 Bumbwini ni og 17 971 59 79 71 6 Donge fi ed as‘improved’ or‘unimproved’. Sourcesconsideredasimproved ititZnia aeFml Total Female Male Zanzibar District ititZnia aeFml Total Female Male Zanzibar District Kiwengwa andMgamboarethetwoshehiasthat notconnectedtopipedwatersupplyatall. percentage ofhouseholdswithpipedwatersupplyin thedistrict,whichis93.2percent. single householdconnectedtopipedwatersupply. The shehia ofMnyimbihasthehighest pipes ineachoftheshehiasdistrict. Two shehias–Mgamboand Kiwengwe–haveno Furthermore, Table 31indicatesthenumberandpercentageofhouseholdsconnectedtowater Source: Table 30: cent ofhouseholdsinthedistrict,respectively. Unprotected wellsandriver/streamarethemainsourcesofwaterfor10.9percent2.5 unimproved waterfordrinking,comparedto86percentofthoseusingimprovedwater. Table 30further showsthatlessthanaquarter(14percent)ofdistricthouseholdsuse of every10districthouseholdsusepipedwaterasthemainsourcedrinkingwater. boreholes, protecteddugwellsandsprings,accountingfor86percentofhouseholds.Eightout The mainsourcesofdrinkingwaterformosthouseholdsinthedistrictarepipedwater, tubewell/ Table 30shows thedistributionofhouseholdsbymainsourcesdrinkingwaterindistrict. sources 4.2.1 Distribution ofthemainwater to waterbyhouseholdswithinthedistrict. and streams,vendorstankertrucks. The analysisfocusesonavailabilityandaccessibility rainwater harvesting.Unimprovedwatersourcesincludeunprotectedwellsandsprings,rivers 16,214 36,736 water sources(%) Unimproved drinking water sources(%) Improved drinking Total ZanzibarHouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15. Distribution of households by main source ofdrinkingwater bymainsource Distribution ofhouseholds oa nmrvd1. 14 0 0 19.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0 85.9 10.9 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.4 1 0.2 Total unimproved 80.7 lake etc.) 16.1 43.8 0.1 Surface water(river, dam, Tanker truck 1.8 15.6 Cart withsmalltank/drum 0.7 23.9 Bottled water Rainwater collection 40.2 Unprotected spring Unprotected dugwell 15.8 Total improved 22.1 Protected spring Protected dugwell Tube well/borehole Public tap/standpipe Piped watertoyard/plot Piped waterintodwelling akzn nuaKaskaziniB Kaskazini Unguja . 2.5 1.3

29 Kaskazini B District Profi le 30 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 31: Table 32. season hasimprovedfrom 85.1percentin2004/5to96.32014/15, as shownin the percentageofhouseholds withinlessthan1kmfromadrinkingwatersource duringthedry impacts consumptionand hygiene practices. According totheHouseholdBudgetSurvey2014/15, Distance toacleanwatersourceisoneofthemostimportant aspectsofwatersupplyand 4.2.2 drinkingwater clean Distance to Source: 1Ksnoi453 2 26 18 7 31 3875 0 47 64 43 11 0 445 8 14,886 57 6 0 262 5 928 5 37 150 64 0 50 49 200 47 28 33 30 Kisongoni 395 24 40 Total NjiayaMtoni 9 108 352 93 31 Mkataleni 584 46 30 50 Mafufuni 41 190 802 352 29 180 Mbaleni622 30 200 100 28 Kidazini554 51 74 36 27 Matetema800 295 26 185 Muwanda174 4 65 25 Mgambo 360 350 190 380 24 Kilombero 385 50 727 23 Pangeni336 55 250 27 50 22 Kiwengwa 307 21 Upenja 200 20 400 DongePwani 5 779 700 461 19 DongeVijibweni 18 Majenzi165 25 196 489 100 17 DongeMbiji 140 16 DongeKarange 15 Kinduni 612 14 128 DongeMtambile 13 Mnyimbi 100 356 12 374 Mahonda Kitope 11 Zingwezingwe 10 Mkadini 9 KiongweKidogo 8 Kiombamvua395 7 Fujoni 6 Mangapwani 5 Makoba 4 3 2 Misu 1 .N.Sei No.of Shehia S. No. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2016. Households connected to piped water supply topiped connected Households fi n ,1 0 8 100 1,213 ni households No. ofhouseholds connected % ofhouseholds with pipedwater Table 33: Mangapwani) inthedistricthavelessthan50percentofhouseholdswithtoilets. in thedistrict.Sixshehias(Mafufuni,KiongweKidogo,Kilombero,Mahonda,Kiombamvua,and Table 33shows thenumberandpercentageofhouseholdshavingtoiletsineachshehias 4.3.1 Toilet facilities 4.3 Sanitation Source: Table 32: .-. . 0.8 - 96.3 4.9 5 71.9 15,736 - 10,958 85.1 2.9 3.5 19.7 Number ofhouseholds 3+ 1.6 2.0-2.9 1.0-1.9 8.3 Less than1 3Mab 6 0 92 19 88 82 500 473 85 96 802 457 73 81 460 96 67 83 78 352 165 93 88 704 182 44 376 99 478 727 94 336 314 300 95 158 88 177 133 91 713 539 610 Mgambo 385 700 Kilombero 23 620 Pangeni 280 90 246 40 154 22 Kiwengwa 165 455 21 Upenja 629 235 605 684 20 Donge Pwani 19 Donge Vijibweni 580 18 Majenzi 356 374 146 17 Donge Mbiji 400 28 16 Donge Karange 621 15 Kinduni 14 Donge Mtambile 319 13 149 Mnyimbi 12 Mahonda 395 Kitope 11 Zingwezingwe 10 Mkadini 9 Kwagube 8 Kbamvua112 7 Fujoni 6 Mangapwani 5 Makoba 4 Misu 3 2 1 .N.Sei No.ofhouseholds Shehia S. No. Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15. Households withtoilet Households Distribution of households by distance to drinking water in dry season todrinkingwater bydistance indryseason Distribution ofhouseholds itnei m20/5 091 2014/15 2009/10 2004/05 Distance inkm fi n ,1 ,3 92 1,430 1,314 ni with toilet households No. ofall % ofhouseholds with toilets Continued

31 Kaskazini B District Profi le 32 Kaskazini B District Profi le Source: Continued and 2015,therewerenoconvictions. were takentocourtwithonlyonesuccessfulconviction. Insubsequentyears,2012,2013,2014 low. In2011, 31casesofchildabusewerereportedatthedesk;however, onlyhalfofthem there hasbeenhigherreportinginchildviolenceand abusecases,thelevelofconvictionisvery the decreaseisduetofewercrimes,orlowerreporting, orboth. The tableshowsthatalthough Table 34showsadecreaseinreportedcrimesagainstchildren.Itis, however, notclearwhether police of rest areaandanof special unitsineachpolicestation,consistingofareception,interviewandcounsellingroom, increasing incidenceofsexualassaultsagainstwomenandchildren. These genderdesksare Children’s Act in2011 andhasrolledoutgenderchildrendesksinpolicestationstocurbthe 2012/13 ascomparedto398in2011. As part ofthegovernment’s effort, Zanzibarenactedthe child marriagesarerisingatanalarmingrateinZanzibar–therewere996casesreported Tanzania MediaWomen’s Association (TAMWA, 2014)showsthatrape, earlypregnanciesand of theirinabilitytoprotectthemselves. A studyundertaken ongender-basedviolencebythe Children arevulnerabletocrimeasvictimsandmorelikelysuffer abusesilentlybecause 4.4.1 Violence againstchildren invulnerable living People circumstances 4.4 One in20(5.3%)householdsuseaVIP. households. The ventilatedimprovedpit(VIP) isthethirdmostusedtoiletfacilityindistrict. most commontoiletfacilityusedinthedistrictis in thepercentageofhouseholdswithouttoiletsthatuseseashoreinstead. The second from 6.6percentin2004/05to262014/15. This increasecorrespondstoadecrease in thedistrictispitlatrine. The percentageofhouseholdsusing According totheHouseholdBudgetSurvey2014/15,mostcommonformoftoiletfacilityused 1KogeKdg 01831 95 37 128 263 66 1123 97 40 252 445 413 97 63 60 584 293 622 KiongweKidogo 576 NjiayaMtoni 500 31 Mkataleni565 30 Mafufuni 29 Mbaleni602 28 Kidazini361 27 Matetema300 26 Kisongoni 25 24 .N.Sei No.ofhouseholds Shehia S. No. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2014. fi cers. oa 1901,8 80 14,886 Total 11,960 fi ce wherevictimscanreportcasesofphysicalandsexualabusetotrained with toilet fl ush toilet,accountingfor26percentof households No. ofall fl ush toiletshasincreased % ofhouseholds with toilets vulnerable circumstancesin thedistrict. Misu Donge Mbiji,KiongweKidogo,Vijibweni, Kilombero,Kinduni,Mafufuni,Makobaand Table 35showsthenumberofchildrenlivinginvulnerablecircumstances ineightshehias– 4.4.2 Children living invulnerable circumstances Source: Table 34: bnomn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 7 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 2 2 0 2 0 5 9 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 Abandonment 0 8 15 Early pregnancy/ 2 5 2 0 2 Physical/emotional abuse 0 5 Sexual abuse 5 0 14 0 0 Nov–Dec 2015 1 0 0 1 0 9 Abandonment 0 9 0 Early pregnancy/ 9 0 13 5 Physical/emotional abuse 11 10 Sexual abuse 3 0 16 1 Jan–Jul 2014 2 1 7 0 13 Abandonment 0 4 0 Early pregnancy/ 4 Physical/emotional abuse 35 6 4 Sexual abuse 1 20 Jan–Dec 2013 1 5 13 Abandonment 1 16 Early pregnancy/ Physical/emotional abuse 18 7 Sexual abuse 31 Jan–Dec 2012 11 Abandonment Early pregnancy/ Physical/emotional abuse Sexual abuse Jan–Dec 2011 fi ni. According toasurvey conductedbythedistrictin2014,1,455children arelivingin Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Child police desk cases, 2011–2015 deskcases, Child police eidTtlI or Under Incourt Total Period 421 0 0 1 12 0 2 5 8 14 2 8 25 7 17 0 20 21 26 34 2 17 9 68 29 61 investigation by thecourt determined Cases police/court cases by Dropped

33 Kaskazini B District Profi le 34 Kaskazini B District Profi le declined by3percentonly. marginally from26.2percent in2009/10to23.3percent2014/15. This meansthatpoverty According tothe2014/15Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey, incidenceofpovertydeclinedonly poverty Basic needs 4.5.1 4.5 Poverty Source: Table 35: 0Mab ------150 - - - - 209 - 75 - - - - - 183 - 111 - - - 148 - 75 - - 94 - 98 - - 72 - - - 292 99 Misu 125 Mgambo 89 - - Mbaleni 21 - 76 - - Matetema 20 165 - Mangapwani 19 45 55 Makoba 18 Mahonda 17 - Mafufuni 16 127 - Kiwengwa 15 - Kitope 54 14 70 Kiombamvua 13 Kinduni 12 - Kilombero 11 Kidazini 10 Fujoni 9 DongeVijibweni 8 DongeMtambile 7 KiongweKidogo 6 DongeMbiji 5 Majenzi 4 DongeKarange 3 2 1 0Kaue--- - - 1,455 ------736 ------719 ------DongePwani Kwagube Total Zingwezingwe 31 Upenja 30 Pangeni 29 NjiayaMtoni 28 Kisongoni 27 Mnyimbi 26 Mkataleni 25 Mkadini 24 23 22 .N.Sei By il Total Girls Boys Shehia S. No. Department ofSocialWelfare,2015. Most vulnerable children fi n 3 1 249 119 130 ni security net. which includethesmallcash transferscheme,universalpensionschemeandproductive social The followingsubsectionsprovidedetailsofsocialprotection servicesoffered in thedistrict, Source: Table 38: the districtbygenderandagegroup. older peopleinKaskaziniBarelocatedruralareas. Table 38presentstheoldagepopulationin This isequivalentto5percentofthetotalpopulationindistrict. About 96percentofthese According tothe2012Census,therewere4,055peopleaged60yearsandaboveindistrict. services protection Social 4.6 Source: Table 37: to 10.8,suggestinganimprovementinwelfare. the previousHouseholdBudgetSurvey(2009/10). The leveloffoodpovertydeclinedfrom11.7 reported inthe2009/10. This meansthatfoodpovertydidnotchangefromwhatwasreportedin the leveloffoodpovertyinrespecttoheadcountratewas72014/15,compared6.9 Food povertyreferstotheinabilityobtainadequateandnutritiousfood. Table 37showsthat poverty 4.5.2 Food Source: Table 36: azbr3. 04-. 0 0 0 -0.2 100 4.1 100 4.3 -4.4 -3 30.4 23.3 34.9 Zanzibar 26.3 Kaskazini B oa ,1 ,3 4,055 603 402 837 802 1,411 1,939 327 173 423 357 659 2,116 276 229 414 445 752 Total 80–84 75–79 0 0.1 70–74 65–69 60–64 100 3.5 100 3.3 -0.9 0.1 10.8 7 11.7 Zanzibar 6.9 Kaskazini B Population andHousingCensus,2012. Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15. Zanzibar HouseholdBudgetSurvey,2014/15. oet edon aeDistributionofthepoor Povertyheadcountrate g ru Total Age group Old agepopulation Food poverty Food Basic needs poverty Basic needs 091 041 hne20/021/5Change 2014/15 2009/10 Change 2014/15 2009/10 091 041 hne20/021/5Change 2014/15 2009/10 Change 2014/15 2009/10 oet edon aeDistribution ofthepoor Poverty headcountrate aeFml Total Female Male

35 Kaskazini B District Profi le 36 Kaskazini B District Profi le made in April 2016,witheachpersonreceivingamonthlypensionof TSh 20,000. residents aged70yearsandabove. The (ZUPS) targetedatprovidingincomesecuritytooldpersons. The schemecoversallZanzibar Department ofSocialWelfare (DSW)ofZanzibarimplementedaUniversalPensionScheme Following arecommendationfromtheILOSocialProtectionExpenditureReviewof2010, 4.6.2 Universal Pension Scheme even one-thirdofthebasicneeds.Inaddition,schemehasa delivered viasocialwelfareof scheme ismanagedthroughlocalshehas,whoselectpotentialbene administered atthecommunitylevel.Recipientsreceiveamonthlypaymentof TSh 5,000. The The governmentrunsaSmallCash Transfer Schemeforpeopleof60yearsandabove,whichis 4.6.1 SmallCashTransfer Scheme Table 39: 35 percentofshehiasinthedistrict. 2,628 households,asshownin Table 39. Thus, thePSSNprogrammecoversonlyapproximately Eight shehiasinKaskaziniBdistrictareinvolvedthePSSNprogrammecoveringatotalof transfers iftheycomplywithconditionsfocusedontheuseofeducationalandhealthservices. Targeted householdswithchildrenorpregnantwomenarealsoeligibleforsuchconditional (including payingcontributionstotheCommunityHealthFund)andsupportschool-goingchildren. severest consequencesofpovertybyenablingthemtopurchasefood,payformedicalcare extremely poorormostvulnerable. The PSSNisaimedatprotectingsuchpeoplefromthe Net (PSSN)programme,whichinvolvesconditionalcashtransferstargetingpeoplewhoare In 2013,the Tanzania Social Action Fund(TASAF) introducedtheProductiveSocial Safety 4.6.3 Net Safety Productive Social can onlybeaddedtotheschemeifanexistingbene 1Mymi9 7 55 45 32 44 177 64 46 41 576 28 154 10 336 28 97 352 1,123 257 26 473 727 50 802 147 457 513 227 195 478 205 78 127 Mnyimbi Zingwezingwe 123 Kidazini 11 DongeVijibweni 10 Pangeni 9 Mafufuni 8 Kilombero 7 Kinduni 6 Kiwengwa 5 Upenja 4 DongeMbiji 3 2 1 .N.Sei Numberof Shehia S. No. Households covered bythePSSNprogramme covered Households fi cers. However, a TSh 5,000cashtransferisnotsuf households targeted fi rst paymentoftheschemefor21,263oldpersonswas fi ciary passesaway. oshls%oftargeted Households fi xed budgetandthoseinneed fi ciaries. The cashisthen households fi cient tomeet Continued population intoaccount. the comparisonofstatushealthpersonnelinfacilitieshasnottakencatchment only noticeableinthetotalnumberofpersonnel,butalsotypeprofessionals.However, most personnel,followedbytheMisu variation inthetotalnumberofhealthpersonnelperfacilitywithMahondaPHCUhaving Table 40showsthetotalnumberofhealthpersonnelineachfacility. As seen,thereisawide generally considerednotveryfar. the government. Available datashowsthatmeandistancetoahealthfacilityis2.5km,which Clinic (Private). Two ofthesePHCUsareownedbytheprivatesectorandrest Makoba, Misu Mchangani, DongeVijibweni, Fujoni,Kiombamvua, Kiongwe,Kitope,Kiwengwa,Mahonda. Kaskazini Bdistricthasatotalof15primaryhealthcareunits(PHCUs). The listincludesDonge centres,Number facilities 4.7.1 privateandpublic ofhealth health district. In thissubsection,variousindicatorsareusedtodescribethestatusofhealthserviceswithin Basichealthindicators 4.7 Source: Table 40: Continued inw 4 2 0 6 1 1 0 1 0 2 6 0 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kiongwe 0 0 1 0 0 0 Fujoni Kiombamvua Kiombamvua Fujoni 5 4 Donge 3 2 Donge 1 5Maei186222 33 26 65 37 622 263 500 356 584 138 88 131 233 217 NjiayaMtoni Mbaleni 16 Mgambo 15 Makoba 14 Mkataleni 13 12 S. No. Numberof Shehia S. No. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Vijibweni Mchangani oa ,2 ,8 35 7,980 2,826 Total Shehia healthcentre per Personnel fi ni, Upenja,Zingwezingwe,KitopeDispensaryRC(Private)andMahondaMedical Distribution ofhealthworkersbyquali

Vijibweni Donge Mchangani Donge PHCU (primary health care unit) households targeted fi ni andDongeVijibweni facilities. This difference isnot

02 0151516 1 5 10020011 14 0 2 00100000 Clinical offi cer Child health nurse Psychiatric nurse Nurse midwife

Staff nurse %oftargeted Households fi

Dentist cation Pharmacist Lab technician Public health

nurse – B households Health offi cer

Continued H/O RD

Total

37 Kaskazini B District Profi le 38 Kaskazini B District Profi le or assistantmedicalof professionals andtheirlevelofeducation. As showninthetable,thereisnomedicalpractitioner of that,theeducationhealthworkersisamatterpolicyconcern. Table 41showsthetypeof the qualityofserviceprovidedwithintheirareamaynotbeuptorequiredstandards.Inview service moreeffectively andef an area.Ifhealthworkershavearelativelyhighlevelofeducation,theymaybeabletorender The educationallevelofhealthworkersmaydeterminethequalityservicedeliverywithin 4.7.2 Educational level workers ofhealth Source: Table 41: Source: Continued / 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 4 3 0 0 0 4 19 1 3 0 0 12 0 1 3 Total 8 N/S PHNB Foreign doctor Assistant dentalof 2 Dental assistant Dental technician Dentist Laboratory assistant 1 Laboratory technician Nurse midwife Psychiatric nurse Pharmacist 1 eia rciinr oa M)000 0 0 Medical assistant/Clinicalof Assistants medicalof Medical practitioner/Local(MD) 19 9 5 6 3 1 0 1 1 5 3 3 2 1 2 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Makoba0 0 0 Mahonda 0 Misu Makoba Kitope Kiwengwa1 Mahonda 10 Kiwengwa 9 Kitope 8 7 6 1Uej pna000000013028 3 2 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Upenja0 0 Zingwezingwe Zingwezingwe Upenja 12 11 S. No. District HealthManagementTeam,2016 Kaskazini Bdistrict, 2016. Education level ofhealthstaff oa 262 92 22 6 32 9 4 3 2 7 2 0 4 Total Shehia fi n Misu ni dcto ee Ml Fml Total Female Male Education level fi cr(D)000 0 0 (ADO) cer fi fi cr(M)000 0 0 (AMO) cer cer availablewithinthedistrict. Distribution ofhealthworkersbyquali

fi PHCU (primary cr 4 2 2 cer fi ciently. Conversely, iftheeducationlevelisrelativelylow, then health care unit) fi n 011331316 1 3 10010113 ni

Clinical offi cer Child health nurse Psychiatric nurse Nurse midwife Staff nurse fi

Dentist cation Pharmacist Lab technician Public health nurse – B Health offi cer

H/O RD

Total 4Mffn Kiongwe Mafufuni 14 Table 42 errors intheestimationoftargetedpopulationfordistrict’s facilities. coverage intheotherhealthfacilitieswasabove100percent,whichmayimplythattherewere Generally, thecoverageinthesehealthfacilitiesisfarbelowtarget levels.However, the cent coveragewithrespecttoBCG,fullimmunization,Penta3andmeaslesinthetwoyears. in shehiasofFujoni,Kiombamvua,KiwengwaandMafufunicouldnotmeetthetarget90per has beenprovidedin14healthfacilitieswithinthedistrict. The tableshowsthathealthfacilities The overallstatusofchildimmunizationin2015and2016isprovided Table 42. This service 4.7.3 Immunization health facilities,whichindicates thatattendanceisgenerallypoorinthedistrict. presents thepercentageof pregnantwomenwhohavereceivedantenatalservices indifferent Antenatal servicesareprovidedtopregnantwomenin 14healthfacilitiesinthedistrict. Table 43 care 4.7.4 Antenatal Source 13 2Uej Upenja Upenja 12 1Misu 11 0Mkb B/Makoba Makoba 10 aod Mahonda Mahonda Mafufuni 9 8 ioeKtp C1868. 2. 338. 667 88.7 70 96.6 87.4 83.3 121.1 89.3 128.6 Kiwengwa KitopeRC Kiwengwa 7 Kitope 6 uoiFjn HU5. 227. 758. 366 81.7 63 73.6 80.4 67.5 77.2 52.2 55.3 FujoniPHCU Kiombamvua Kiombamvua Fujoni 5 4 Donge 3 Donge 2 Donge 1 No. S. : KaskaziniBdistrict,2015. igeigeZingwezingwe Zingwezingwe Vijibweni Mtambile Mchangani : Immunization coverage ofchildren under oneyear hhaHealth Shehia fi ni B/ Misu B/ ni PHCU PHCU PHCU+ PHCU PHCU+ ioePC 0. 891338. 0. 248. 93.9 84.8 92.4 107.1 82.3 103.3 PHCU 88.9 104.7 Kitope PHCU PHCU+ PHCU+ D/Vijibweni PHCU D/Mchangani PHCU facilities fi ni 966. 06. 0. 07. 91.4 75.4 90 101.5 64.3 80 68.9 89.6 3. 59168. 0 2. 2148.1 92 129.6 104 81.5 156 75.9 138.5 0421 0421 0421 042015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 1. 841371829. 1. 22105.9 62.2 113.8 91.9 108.2 123.7 98.4 112.7 1. 0. 0. 539. 468. 86.6 87.6 94.6 96.1 75.3 109.4 101.7 116.6 6. 2. 4. 1. 5. 3. 1. 125.9 115.2 138.6 158.2 117.3 142.4 124.5 163.2 0 249 868. 064. 88.5 47.1 90.6 81.2 78.6 96 92.4 105 464. 0 925. 324. 62.7 48.4 63.2 58.2 39.2 100 46.4 74.6 515 537. 28. 6781.3 76.7 83.8 92 78.8 95.3 58 85.1 1. 058 499. 936. 74.2 63.1 69.3 90.7 64.9 84 90.5 117.8 0 211719. 818. 0880.6 70.8 83.3 88.1 92.8 107.1 92.1 104 C 5r et ese Fully Measles Penta3 BCG <5yrs immunized

39 Kaskazini B District Profi le 40 Kaskazini B District Profi le of which46werefoundtobeHIV-positive (1.3percent). Data fromtheMinistryofHealth(2016)showsthata total of3,588individualsweretestedforHIV, general populationandthekeypopulations(Zanzibar HIVtransmissionmodel–ZIHTLP 2012). characterized byamixedepidemic,wherebynewHIV infectionsareequallycontributedbythe of thenewHIVinfectionsarefrombloodtransfusions. This modelalsosuggeststhatZanzibaris sex (6.5percent),MSM(3.7cent)andpartners of sexworkers’ clients(2.3percent). None a higherproportionofthenewHIVinfectionsarepartners ofthosehavingcasualheterosexual (10.8 percent)andpartnersofPWID(6.7cent). The othersubpopulationsthatcontributeto per cent),followedbyclientsofsexworkers(28.6peoplewhoinjectdrugs(PWID) to occuryearly;thehighestproportioniscontributedbystableheterosexualrelationships(35.0 district is0.1percent(THMIS2012).InZanzibar, about314 newinfectionshavebeenestimated (2.6 percent)(IBBSS2012).HIVprevalenceinNorthUnguja,whichalsoincludesKaskaziniB drugs (11.3 percent),femalesexworkers(19cent)andmenwhohavewith(MSM) (THMIS 2012)andmorethan2percentamongkeypopulations–namely, peoplewhoinject Overall, Zanzibarhasaconcentratedepidemicwith1percentofthegeneralpopulationaffected 4.7.5 HIV andAIDS Source: high variationinthelevelof utilizationofhealthfacilitieswithinthedistrict.Forexample, utilization Table 44showsthelevelofhealthfacilityutilization inthedistrict. The tableindicates that thereis 4.7.6 facilityutilization Health Table 43: .N.Sei elhfclt FirstvisitBefore16weeks Healthfacility Shehia S. No. 0MhnaPC+1. 0411.3 1.5 10.8 10.4 8.5 16.9 2.2 11.6 15.3 15.3 5.4 MahondaPHCU+ 14 7.5 19.2 MakobaPHCU Misu KitopePHCU 13.3 MahondaPembe Makoba 9.7 12 KiwengwaPHCU 11 KiongwePHCU Mahonda 10 Kiwengwa 20 9 8 Kitope 7 FujoniPHCU Kiombamvua 6 Kiombamvua 5 Faith Fujoni 4 DongeVijibweni DongeVijibweni 3 Donge 2 1 3Uej pnaPC 681. 20.2 18.3 16.8 UpenjaPHCU Zingwezingwe Zingwezingwe Upenja 14 13 District HealthManagementTeam,2016. Mchangani Antenatal services fi n Misu ni Dispensary Dispensary RC PHCU+ PHCU+ PHCU Donge Mchangani PHCU fi n HU . . 3 3.7 9.7 PHCU+ ni 931. 10.1 6 11.6 8 14.3 19.3 4.7 7.4 7.2 471 21.7 14 34.7 9.8 11.4 10 0321 2015 2014 2013 Source: Table 44: services) inalmostallhealthfacilities. rates byallagesarenotcomparablewiththeutilizationforunder-5-year-oldchildren(all 3Uej pnaPC ,5 ,7 5,318 6,573 5,452 UpenjaPHCU Zingwezingwe 14 Upenja 13 2Misu 12 1Makoba 11 0Mahonda 10 Mahonda 9 Kiwengwa 8 Kitope 7 Kitope 6 Kiongwe 5 Kiombamvua 4 Fujoni 3 2 1 S. No. Vijibweni Donge Mchangani Donge Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. fi ni Health facilityutilization Shehia District PHCU Zingwezingwe PHCU+ Misu PHCU Makoba PHCU+ Mahonda Dispensary Pembe Mahonda PHCU Kiwengwa PHCU Kitope Dispensary RC Kitope Faith PHCU Kiongwe PHCU+ Kiombamvua PHCU Fujoni PHCU+ Vijibweni Donge PHCU Mchangani Donge fi ni Health facility 65,697 ,6 ,6 ,1 . 2.2 3.4 4 1,815 2,667 3,063 ,3 ,5 5,118 7,155 5,335 ,3 ,6 ,2 . . . . . 8.8 8.7 7.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 7,126 8,066 9,731 ,7 ,0 9,482 8,900 8,275 ,1 ,3 6,363 7,837 2,711 ,4 ,5 2,664 2,950 2,346 ,7 ,3 ,4 . . . . 3.4 3.4 3.5 1 1.1 2.1 5,947 6,239 6,071 ,7 ,9 ,3 1.1 5,332 4,890 6,176 ,4 ,6 2,271 3,069 2,644 ,6 ,2 2,621 3,423 3,162 ,6 ,5 7,496 9,350 6,262 ,6 ,7 4,331 5,173 4,469 2013 78,712 ,2 ,2 . .7888.3 8.8 0.87 1.2 1,829 2,420

2014 Attendances Out patientsdepartment(OPD) 67,713 2015 .70.9 0.77 .40.74 0.64 0.63 0.49 .10.64 0.61 .40.77 0.64 .70.66 0.37 .70.6 0.57 .90.71 0.49 .809 . . . 4.8 5.4 4.4 0.8 0.98 0.88 2013 0.82 2014 Utilization rates by all ages .549534.8 5.3 4.9 0.75 .84525.1 5.2 4.1 4 0.58 5.6 3.7 0.44 .629373.5 3.7 2.9 0.66 .33472.7 4.7 3 0.43 .789585.5 5.8 8.9 0.87 .735584.7 5.8 3.5 0.47 .432474.8 4.7 3.2 0.44 .5343.4 4 3 0.55 2015 10.4 2014 279.7 12.7 2015

41 Kaskazini B District Profi le 42 Kaskazini B District Profi le Table 45: and 2015. some shehiashavenodata,andtherefore,itisdif Table 45shows thedistributionoffacilitydeliveriesandhomebyshehia.Unfortunately, 4.7.7 Deliveries Source: Table 46: provides thepercentageofnewfamilyplanningacceptancebyshehiawithindistrict. Family planningisveryessentialfortheestablishmentofamanageablefamilysize. Table 46 planning 4.7.8 Family Source: 2Mffn inw HU2 123 31 6 0 31 27 129 7 25 0 41 KiongwePHCU 0 31 26 2 7 UpenjaPHCU 10 ZingwezingwePHCU 2 5 Mafufuni 12 B/MakobaPHCU 59 Zingwezingwe 12 MahondaPHCU+ 2 0 Upenja 2 11 229 Misu KiwengwaPHCU 10 Makoba KitopeC/Dispensary 9 Mahonda 0 4 8 Kiwengwa FujoniPHCU 7 KiombamvuaPHCU 22 9 6 Kitope Kiombamvua 20 D/Vijibweni PHCU+ 5 Fujoni 4 DongeVijibweni D/MchanganiPHCU 3 DongeMchangani 2 1 0Uej pnaPC 3.7 4.5 4 4.4 9.1 2.6 3.9 9 3.3 5.4 12.6 3.6 9.9 3.4 2.1 UpenjaPHCU Zingwezingwe PHCU BumbwiniMakoba PHCU 3.8 MahondaPHCU+ 4.3 Zingwezingwe KitopePHCU KiwengwaPHCU Upenja Misu 4.9 11 FujoniPHCU Makoba 3.8 10 Kiombamvua PHCU+ Mahonda 9 5.9 Kiwengwa 8 Kitope 7 DongeVijibweni PHCU+ Kiombamvua 6 Fujoni 5 Donge MchanganiPHCU DongeVijibweni 4 DongeMchangani 3 2 1 .N.Sei elhfclte Newclient(%) Healthfacilities Shehia S. No. No. S. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Kaskazini Bdistrict,2015. Facility deliveries andhomedeliveries New family planning acceptance rate New familyplanningacceptance fi ni B/ Misu B/ ni hhaHat aiiisHm eieisFacilitydeliveries Homedeliveries Healthfacilities Shehia fi ni Bumbwini Misu Bumbwini ni ioePC 747 67 4 2 Kitope PHCU inw HU183 1.8 Kiongwe PHCU fi n HU 1 165 216 0 0 PHCU+ ni fi fi cult toestablishthetrendbetween2014 n HU . 2.1 2.8 PHCU+ ni 0421 042015 2014 2015 2014 042015 2014 Source: Table 47: facilities orshehia. 10 percent.Unfortunately, itwasnotpossibletolinkthisinformationwithspeci by ENT, headand neckconditions. The contributionofothertypesdiseaseislessthan the upperrespiratorytractinfection. This isfollowedbyincidentsofotherskindiseases, and eyediseases.Onemedicalconditionthatshowsahighrateofincidencewithinthelistis diarrhoea, pneumonia,urinarytractinfections,intestinalworms,traumaorinjuries,dentaldisease include upperrespiratorytractinfections,otherskindiseases,ENT, headandneckailments, Table 47shows statisticsonthetop10diseasesthatareprevalentindistrict. These diseases 4.7.9 Top ofmorbidity 10causes 0Eedsae ,8 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.09 1,889 0.06 2,250 2,574 0.12 3,793 0.11 2,583 0.05 0.36 5,193 0.07 Eyediseases 4,815 Dentaldiseases Trauma/injuries 2,261 10 Intestinalworms 16,149 9 Urinarytractinfections 8 Pneumonia3,003 7 Diarrhoea 6 ENT, headandneckconditions 5 Otherskindiseases 4 Upperrespiratorytractinfections 3 2 1 .N.Tp fdsaeNme fptet Proportion Number ofpatients Type ofdisease S. No. KaskaziniBdistrict,2015. Top ofmorbidity 10causes oa 4501.00 Total 44,510 fi c health c

43 Kaskazini B District Profi le

encroachment byseawater. wood, landdegradationassociatedwithuncontrolledquarrying,andsandminingaswell mining, pollution,andconstructiontooclosetothebeach,deforestationforfuel Source: Table 48: lighting, whichincludegas,paraf of thehouseholdsindistricthavebeenrelyingonothersourcesenergyforcookingand increased from7.9percentin2004/5to18.32014/15. This meansthat82percent connected toelectricity. The percentageofhouseholdswithanelectricityconnectionhas Kaskazini BisamongthedistrictsofZanzibarhavinglowestproportionhouseholds ofenergy Sources 5.2 Environmental concernsinthedistrictincludedestructive 5.1 Environment sources. This chapterprovidesdetailsoncross-cuttingissues,whichincludeenvironmentandenergy 5 Cross-cutting issues Cross-cutting issues 5 Chapter households withanelectricityconnectioninthedistrict. deforestation andalliedproblemsinthedistrict. Table 48showsthenumberandpercentageof (61.6 percent)andcharcoal(32.6cent). This dependenceon Household BudgetSurvey, thetwomajorsourcesofenergyforcookinginZanzibarare auui1134 4 14 15 45 37 91 1,123 263 610 Mafufuni Misu NjiayaMtoni 4 DongeMtambile 3 2 1 .N.Sei o fhueod Householdswith No.ofhouseholds Shehia S. No. KaskaziniBdistrict,2015. oa ,2 1 9 310 3,426 Total Households connected withZECOelectricity connected Households fi n ,3 3 10 137 1,430 ni fi n, charcoal, n, fi rewood andcandles. According tothe2014/15 electricity fi shing, beacherosionduetosand fi rewood andcharcoalleadsto Households without electricity fi rewood

45 Kaskazini B District Profi le

chapter alsoprovidesspeci stipulated inthe2015electionmanifestoofrulingparty-ChamaChaMapinduzi(CCM). The Development Goals(SDGs)andobjectivesoftheRevolutionaryGovernmentZanzibaras also takenintoconsiderationMKUZA III,ZanzibarVision 2020,sectoralpolicies,Sustainable malnutrition amongunder-5 children,andimprovechildwomenmortalityrates. births attendedbyhealthprofessionals,improveimmunization coverage,reducethelevelof child andmaternalmortalityrates. Therefore, thedistricthastoincreaseproportionof personnel, shortageofhealthprofessionals,limitedimmunization coverageandrelativelyhigh Critical healthissuesinthedistrictincludeahighproportion ofbirthsattendedbyunskilled 6.1.2 Health materials. mathematics andtheimprovementoflearningenvironment aswellteachingandlearning the educationsectorKaskaziniBincludeprovisionofquali quali materials, laboratoryspaceandequipment. Also, someschoolsinthedistrictlackadequate and secondarylevels,includeinsuf has beenimproving.However, themainchallengesfacingdistrict,particularlyatprimary Enrolment ofchildren,bothboysandgirls,inbasic,primarysecondaryschoolsthedistrict 6.1.1 Education recommendations areorganizedsector-wise. of themainsocialandeconomicsectorsindistrict. The priorityissuesandrespective This sectionpresentstheproposedpriorityissues,togetherwithrecommendationsforeach Priorityareas andrecommendations 6.1 status ofindicatorsindifferent sectors.Identi This chapteridenti 6 Introduction recommendations Priority areas and 6 Chapter fi ed teachers,particularlyforscienceandmathematics. Thus, necessaryinterventionsin fi es areasthatthedistrictneedstofocuson,givenSWOCanalysisof fi c recommendationsonthepriorityareas. fi cient facilitiessuchasclassrooms,toilets,desks,learning fi cation ofpriorityissuesindifferent sectorshas fi ed teachersforscienceand

47 Kaskazini B District Profi le 48 Kaskazini B District Profi le district. Inspection patrolshavetobeenhancedinorderensuresustainable adverse effects ofillegal environment protectionrequirestheenhancementofunderstanding through theextensionof productivity andenhancingprotectionofthemarineenvironment.Productivitycanbeimproved The mainconcernsrelatedto 6.1.4 Fishery have tobedevelopedinorderenhancethemarketingofagriculturalproducts. of creditfacilitiestofarmersenablethembuyagriculturalinputs.Ruralroadnetworksalso promotion ofirrigation,provisionagriculturalinputsatreduced/subsidizedprices,and mainly seektoimproveproductivityandachieveself-suf enhancement ofmarketingagriculturalproducts. The modernizationofagricultureshould The keyissuesinrelationtoagriculturethedistrictaremodernizationofand 6.1.3 Agriculture deforestation forconstructionandfuelwood,land encroachmentbyseawater. destructive Critical issuesrelatedtotheenvironmentofdistrict includethedestructionofwatersources, 6.1.8 Environment urbanization. requires furtherimprovementinordertocopewiththe expansioninhumansettlementsdueto and thedevelopmentofnewwatersources. The treatmentanddisposalofsolid andliquidwaste facilities arealsopoor. Safeandcleanwatersupplyhastobeimprovedthroughrehabilitation The districthasinadequatesafeandcleanwater, anddrainagesolidwastemanagement Water andsanitation 6.1.7 and theimprovementofaccesstoavailablesocialprotectionschemesforelderly. the protectionofvulnerablegroups,particularlywomenandchildren,againstviolenceabuse, The maingenderandsocialprotectionissuesofimportanceinthedistrictareenhancement protection andsocial Gender 6.1.6 livestock owners. district hastoimprovelivestockproductivitybyenhancingservicesandtraininggiven lack ofveterinary provision ofanimalhealthservicessuchastheavailabilityqualityandaffordable animalfeed, Livestock inthedistrictischaracterizedbyverylowproductivity, mainlyduetoinadequate 6.1.5 Livestock fi shing, landdegradation associatedwithuncontrolledquarryingandsandmining, fi cers, andpoorknowledgeofpeopleregardingmodernlivestockrearing. The fi fi shing techniquessuchasspear shing toinshorewatersandtheuseofmodern fi shery thatthedistrictneedstoaddressincludeimproving fi ciency infood. This requiresthe fi shing, dragnettinganddynamiting. fi shing activitiesinthe fi shing gear. Marine fi shermen aboutthe improvement inthequalityofservicesdeliveredtocommunitydistrict. strengthen itsrevenuecollectionsysteminordertomobilizeresourcesrequiredsupport The DistrictCouncilhastoexpanditsrevenuesourcesbyexploringnewpotentialand 6.1.11 Districtcouncil soft loansor generate self-employmentopportunities. The districthastofacilitateaccessibilityoftheyouth need forthedistricttoenhanceentrepreneurialawarenessandcapacityofyouthinorder As thenumberofyouthwhoareneitherinemploymentnoreducationisincreasing,therea 6.1.10 Youth empowerment infected andaffected byHIVand AIDS. the districthastoallocatemoreresourcesensureadequatetreatmentandsupportforthose behaviour changeamongthepopulationgroupsthataremostlikelytobeinfectedbyHIV. Also, district togeneratethebestestimateofinfectedindividuals. This willenablethedistricttopromote Residents havetobemotivatedattendvoluntaryHIVand AIDS testsinordertoenablethe HIV andAIDS 6.1.9 fi nancing requiredforinvestmentinvariouseconomicactivities.

49 Kaskazini B District Profi le

SWOC analysis Appendices .o etr Srnts ekess Opruiis Challenges Opportunities Weaknesses Strengths Sector S.No. 2 1 Livestock Agricultural • Presence of • Presence • Available . • Possess of • Presence system Support Health Animal Community type, useof of livestock wide range keeping on livestock knowledge practice agricultural of good knowledge some crops diversi fi ed • Low levelof • Inadequate of • Lack productivity hence low husbandry, of animal system staff, weak among the education subsector the variety data on theft ofcrops problem, asis transport isa output market; and use availability input production, related to system information inadequate inputs, agricultural of modern size, lowuse small farm relatively productivity, agricultural workers, low among education low levelof relatively on thesector, suf adequate and fi cient data cient • Presence level • Existing • Existing political willto keeping, livestock intensive support that can technologies of market, keeping of livestock of knowledge income disposable in household and increasing population growing environment, policy favourable relatively the sector, to change political will • Absence of • Absence • Spread ofdiseases • Lack ofadequate • Problem ofgrazing of • Encroachment • Fruit • Emergence ofnew • Lack ofwell- designated East CoastFever such asHeartwater, rearing modern livestock education on land agro-processing There isnoprimary surface irrigation. water foropen and insuf of rain-fedfarming market, overreliance change, unreliable settlements, climate by seawaterand agricultural land Tuta absoluta diseases suchas crops systems forvarious organized marketing fl y fi cient Continued

51 Kaskazini B District Profi le 52 Kaskazini B District Profi le Continued .o etr Srnts ekess Opruiis Challenges Opportunities Weaknesses Strengths Sector S.No. 4 3 Forestry Fishery • Area whichis • Presence of • Presence scattered tree nursery Presence of plant trees. willingness to for forestry, demarcated knowledge required have the of staff who fi available fi shing skill shing area, shing • Inadequate • Inadequate transport no meansof computers, such as working tools centres most facilities in of toilet absence operators, fi unlicensed rescue teams, absence of centres, most supply in reliable water absence of for sardines, of market unavailability technology, methods, poor fi inef market, related to system information staff, weak borders district demarcated of clearly animals, lack import oflive uncontrolled and dip, house a slaughter Absence of rather weak. keeping is livestock system for Information shery shing fi cient fi fi shery shery • Presence of • Presence • Readily in different tree nurseries established forestry, governing regulation of lawsand illegal dealing with institutions centres. Many fi registered of presence the sector, laws guiding laws orby- income disposable increasing amid consumption for preference growing fi available by-products products and livestock demand for increasing subsector and improve the shing market, sh fi sh fi cially fi shing • Multiplicity of • Multiplicity • Encroachment fi illegal orunof presence ofmany conservation issues, Environmental collection system. sites, poordata unof and by-products demand fortimber change), increasing seawater (climate settlement and increasing of forestryby animal feed surging priceof of liveanimals, grassland, stealing inadequate institutions, supportive products, inadequate livestock and marketplace for shing centres shing fi cial landing cial fi Continued cial Continued .o etr Srnts ekess Opruiis Challenges Opportunities Weaknesses Strengths Sector S.No. 7 6 5 Youth health services Social Education • Presence of • Presence • Well- • Well- • Presence are willing youth who district, within the in allshehias youth council services provision of of scalein economies staff, teaching educated relatively district, within the schools distributed health facility a primary distance to low average relatively staff and experienced centres, health distributed of education importance of the awareness shehia, high almost each schools in distributed of well- district. parts ofthe in different • Only one • Only • Relatively data • Weak • Student youth within pertaining to with allissues for dealing responsible staff member available data utilization of low levelof system, information and monitoring weak working tools staff, poor among the education low levelof relatively analysis, system and collection toilets desks and insuf no library, classrooms, of suf due tolack congestion fi cient fi cient • Amali college, • Amali • Existing • Conducive of • Presence in different to theyouth imparts skills sector which tourism a developing public schools pressure on will reduce private schools emergence of income, disposable household increasing sector, the education to improve political will efforts government complement are readyto partners who development presence of political will, Goals Development Strategic and unveiled the vision2020 Presence of hurdles. the existing some of help resolve are willingto partners who development efforts in conservation eager toinvest organizations of many presence places, • Low incomelevelof budget • Inadequate staff; • Inadequate science • Inadequate funds. skills, inadequate Lack oftechnical of somemembers. limits engagement some households public good government asa provided bythe should beideally view thateducation allocation, perceived funds lack ofsuf funds teachers, inadequate disposable income population and amid increasing fi cient Continued

53 Kaskazini B District Profi le 54 Kaskazini B District Profi le Continued .o etr Srnts ekess Opruiis Challenges Opportunities Weaknesses Strengths Sector S.No. Children 8 welfare and social • Presence transport that facilitate motorcycles Presence of every shehia. children in vulnerable dealing with committee committee, coordination women committee, protection council, child of elders’ their council related to activities in different to engage • Few elders’• Few child abuse violence and on gender community educate the so farto efforts taken minimum increased, need tobe children vulnerable dealing with committees council, facilities working lack of education, low levelof the district, • Presence of • Presence framework a robustlegal Presence of violence. and gender child abuse fi help inthe willing to partners who development the district to youthwithin employment and canoffer disciplines ght against ght • Low levelof DNA machine process, lackofa slow adjudication budgetary allocation, inadequate violence, corruption, abuse andgender community onchild education withinthe