Copyright© fev 2019 - jun 2019 do(s) autor(es). Publicado pela ESFA [on line] http://www.naturezaonline.com.br Moura A.S. at al. Record to threatened primate Southern brown howler, Alouatta guariba clamitans Cabrera, 1940 (Primates: Atelidae),at Luminárias, South of Minas Gerais State. Natureza online 17 (1): 020-024
Submetido em: 15/08/2017 Revisado em: 16/04/2018 Aceito em: 25/11/2018
Record to threatened primate Southern brown howler, Alouatta guariba clamitans Cabrera, 1940 (Primates: Atelidae), at Lumi- nárias, South of Minas Gerais State
Registro do primata ameaçado bugio-ruivo do sudeste, Alouatta guariba clamitans Cabrera, 1940 (Primatas:Atelidae), em Luminárias, sul do estado de Minas Gerais
Aloysio Souza de Moura¹*, Felipe Santana Machado¹, Ravi Fer- nades Mariano¹, Wanderley Jorge da Silveira Júnior¹, Cleber Ro- drigo de Souza¹, Leandro Bortoli de Freitas¹, Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes¹ & Rubens Manoel dos Santos¹
¹Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras.Caixa postal 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Resumo O gênero Alouatta é representado atualmen- threatened with extinction in Brazil and is currently te no Brasil por 14 espécies e entre estes táxons está highly susceptible to an outbreak of epizootic yellow a espécie popularmente conhecida como bugio-ruivo fever, which has also previously victimized a large (Alouatta guariba clamitans, Cabrera, 1940). Esta number of individuals of this species. The current espécie está ameaçada de extinção no Brasil e atual- study presents new location occurrence record of A. mente está altamente suscetível a um surto epizoóti- guariba clamitans at Luminárias county, Minas Ge- co de febre amarela, que também anteriormente em rais State, adding a threatenedspecies with extinction outras épocas veio a vitimar um grande número de to Luminárias regional fauna list. indivíduos desta espécie. O presente estudo objetiva apresentar uma nova localidade de ocorrência de A. Keywords: Primate; Distribution extension; South guariba clamitans para o município de Luminárias, of Minas Gerais State, Yellow fever sul do estado de Minas Gerais, acrescentando uma espécie ameaçada de extinção à fauna regional. Introduction Palavras-chave: Primata; Extensão de distribuição; Sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, Febre amarela Alouatta genus presents wide geographic dis- tribution in the Neotropical region, with occurrence Abstract Alouatta genus is represented currently in Vera Cruz (Mexico), until Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil by 14 species and among these taxa is the (Brazil) and Corrientes Province (Argentina)(GRE- species popularly called as howler monkey, Alouatta GORIN, 2006). Alouattashows huge sexual dimor- guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940). This species is phism(SCHULTZ, 1926; SCHULTZ, 1960; RAVO- Moura A.S. et al. Record to threatened primate Alouatta guariba clamitans South of Minas Gerais State 021 ISSN 1806-7409 www.naturezaonline.com.br
SA;ROSS, 1994). This genushadtaxonomic reviews showed in national press (G1, 2017a; G1, 2017b;FO- to show the better arrangements and nomenclature, LHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2017). with biometric data and statistical test. The use of mo- In the present study, we report the first record lecular and cytogenetic methods, were helpfulin un- of Allouatta guariba clamitans for Luminárias coun- derstanding the relationship between primates groups ty, Minas Gerais state. and taxa definitions (LIMA;SEUÁNEZ, 1989;LI- MA;SEUÁNEZ, 1991; SAMPAIO et al.,1996; OLI- VEIRAet al., 2002;CORTÉS-ORTIZ et al.,2003). Materials and Methods Actually, Alouatta is represented by14 spe- cies in Brazil, and withinthesetaxais the subspecies Three individuals of A. guariba clamitans popularly known as southern brown howler, Alouatta were visualized and photographedon September 16, guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940) (BICCA-MAR- 2018, during a floristic study carried out in “Pico QUESet al., 2011). This is a threatened species in do Gavião” (21°36’11.59’’S/44°56’16.60’’W; Figu- Brazil (MMA, 2014). re 1), at Luminárias county, south of Minas Gerais Alouatta guariba clamitans have notable ge- State, southeastern Brazil. The species identification ographic variation in the pelage and some morpho- was based on the color of the pelage and the area of metrical variables (polymorphism) (see GREGORIN, occurrence (following BICCA_MARQUES et al., 2006), what makes it difficult to identify this subspe- 2018). cie, which is similar to A. guariba guariba. Never- These individuals were found in an emer- theless, the occurrence area of these two subspecies gent tree inside the forest. The “Pico do Gavião” do not overlap (BICCA-MARQUES et al., 2018), region is located in Atlantic Forest domain, and its allowing a reliable identification. landscape is composed by rupestrian natural grass- This taxon is highly susceptible to yellow fe- lands, seasonal semideciduous forests, cerrados sen- ver, with epizootic records in 1939 throughout Ita- su strict (savanna woodlands), and anthropic areas. tiaia National Park, where the primates were locally Record of A. guariba clamitans individuals were extinct(ÁVILA-PIRES; GOUVÊA,1977). During obtained in a fragment of Seasonal Semideciduous 2008-2009, the same epidemic victimized a large Montane Forest (IBGE, 2012).The weather of “Pico number of individuals in Rio Grande do Sul State do Gavião”, according to Koppen’s classification (BICCA-MARQUES, 2009; BICCA-MARQUE- is humid subtropical with dry winter and hot sum- Set al., 2017). Actually (2016-2017)a great number mer (CWA), with annual median precipitation of of primate wasfound death, not only from Alouatta 1,529.7 mm and annual median temperatureof 19.4 genus,in states of Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, C° (OMETTO, 1981). The landscape has an irregular Espírito Santo e Minas Gerais, and this fact has been relief, with altitudes ranging from 1,130m to 1,230m.
Figura 1. Register area of Alouatta guariba clamitans at Pico do Gavião, Luminárias county, south of Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil. Moura A.S. et al. Record to threatened primate Alouatta guariba clamitans South of Minas Gerais State ISSN 1806-7409 www.naturezaonline.com.br 022
Bicca-Marques et al. (2017) mention that the population reduction, together with the effect Results and Discussion of the high degree of habitat fragmentation, is a re- sult of these epizootic outbreaks, which allows to Alouatta guariba clamitans is apparently not suspect that the taxon in question may to suffer a abundant in the study area, since these were the only population decline of at least 30% in the three ge- records of the species during the 16 days floristic nerations following the 2008 outbreak.This wi- study carried out in 2008 (4 days in June; 8 days in thout considering the current outbreak (2016/2017), September; 4 days in October) by the team of the Fo- which leaves this species in a dangersituation. rest Ecology Laboratory of the Federal University of Lavras. The registered individuals (a male, a fema- le, and a monkey cub) are presented in the Figure 2.
A= Couple, B= Female with monkey cub, C= Male, D= Female (Photo: Leandro Bortoli de Freitas).
Figura 2. Individuals of Alouatta guariba clamitans, (Cabrera, 1940) registered at Pico do Gavião, Luminá- rias county, South of Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil. (Photo: Leandro Bortoli de Freitas). Moura A.S. et al. Record to threatened primate Alouatta guariba clamitans South of Minas Gerais State ISSN 1806-7409 www.naturezaonline.com.br 023
The present record represent a new locality of occur- Congresso de PósGraduação da UFLA, 1º Encontro rence of A. guariba clamitansto Minas Gerais State, de Engenharia de Sistemas, IV Workshop de Laser e and show the increase of spatial distribution of the ÓpticanaAgricultura, Lavras, MG. specie to state, because in mastozoological studies Cortés-ortiz L, Bermingham E, Rico C, Rodrígues- conducted previously in south of the state (CER- -Luna E, Sampaio I, Ruiz-Garcia M (2003) Molecu- BONCINI et al., 2008; MACHADO et al., 2015; lar systematics and biogeography of the neotropical MACHADO et al., 2016; SANTOS et al., 2016), the monkey genus, Alouatta. Molecular Phylogenetics specie was recorded only by Eduardo and Passamani and Evolution 26(1): 64-81. (2009) e Rosa and Souza (2017). In this way we con- Eduardo A A, Passamani M (2009) Mammals of me- tributed and added this specie to the list of species dium and large size in Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas that occurs in Luminárias region, considering that Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Check List 5( 3): 399- the knowledge about the composition of vertebrate 404. communities of different areas is important to subsi- Folha de São Paulo. Febre amarela mata mais ma- dize biology conservation projects (LAWTON,1996). cacos e já atinge espécies em extinção. (2017). By the mentioned facts, new studies invol- Available in