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Hegel's Philosophy of Mind This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com :AnoN LIBRARY .‘0 Z: .0 ‘24 .>. HEGEL’S PHILOSOPHY OF MIND WALLACE £onbou H E N R Y F R O W D E OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS \VAREHOUSE AMEN CORNER, E.C. Qlem @orfi NIACMILLAN 8: Co., 66 FIFTH Avmzua HEGEL’S PHILOSOPHY OF MIND TRANSLA TED FROM THE ENC YCL OPAEDIA OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL scIENcEs WITH fiibe Jnfrobucforg Gangs WILLIAM WALLACE, M.A., LL.D. FELLOW OF MERTON COLLEGE I AND “'I'IYTE'S PROFESSOR OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Oxforb AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1894 JZ/ é aforb PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY ..o. .0000. 0" rr ' f . O O. I ‘l(( ‘ r . .0... .. .‘ ¢ ['1’ ( t o ' 00 0 on "r ' ‘ ‘ Q.... 0000 c I " ‘ " 0 0.00.0. ‘0 r (r r! . 00 I a f f . I 0", . .. 0. l t (It a a'r u'l ' ' r ' ¢'¢av .' I r' r t ' " r (r rrrr r r: :rr ¢r ( c r (r ‘rff r err r r ' ( r r t f( f {ff (((r £ M?)Hafiz PREFACE ._¢~__ I HERE offer a translation of the third or last part of Hegel’s encyclopaedic sketch of philosophy,—the Philo~ sophy of Mind. The volume, like its subject, stands complete in itself. But it may also be regarded as a supplement or continuation of the work begun in my version of his Logic. I have not ventured upon the Philosophy of Nature which lies between these two. That is a province, to penetrate into which would require an equipment of learning I make no claim to,— a province, also, of which the present-day interest would be largely historical, or at least bound up with historical circumstances. The translation is made from the German text given in the Second Part of the: Seventh ,‘violumemful-Iegel’s ’ Collected Works, occasionallyY‘édrréciediliy léa‘mpar'ison": 1 3} 1v: ‘ with that found in the second third editions (at: 1:821 and 1830) published by the autliéri 3 Bi hm; reprodticeli‘", only Hegel’s own paragraphs, and entirely ,the Zusd'tze of the editors. These addend‘a'LW‘hichi‘ar’e in origin lecture-notes—to the paragraphs are, in the text of the Collected Works, given for the first section only. The psychological part which they accompany has been barely treated elsewhere by Hegel : but a good popular Vi PREFACE. exposition of it will be found in Erdmann’s Psycholo gz'sche Briefe. The second section was dealt with at greater length by Hegel himself in his Philosophy qf Law (1820). The topics of the third section are largely covered by his lectures on Art, Religion, and History of Philosophy. I do not conceal from myself that the text offers a hard nut to crack. Yet here and there, even through the medium of the translation, I think some light cannot fail to come to an earnest student. Occasionally, too, as, for instance, in §§ 406, 459, 549, and still more in §§ 552, 573, at the close of which might stand the words Lz'beram' am'mam meam, the writer really ‘lets himself go,’ and gives his mind freely on questions where speculation comes closely in touch with life. In the Five Introductory Essays I have tried some times to put together, and sometimes to provide with collateral elucidation, some points in the Mental Philo sophy. I shall not attempt to justify the selection of subjects for special treatment further than to hope that they form a more or less connected group, and to refer for a study of some general questions of system and ‘__.,_meth9d=to _my.l?rqlsg_ome1_ns to the Study of Hegel’s ‘§:,_§Philps<§péyl:wl§icli aspjebri 5.113105: simultaneously with CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY ESSA Y5. PAGE ESSAY I.—ON THE SCOPE or A PHILOSOPHY or MIND . xiii i. Philosophy and its parts . xiii ii. Mind and Morals . xxiv iii. Religion and Philosophy . xxxv iv. Mind or Spirit . xlix ESSAY II.—Ams AND Mmuons 0F Psvcuowcv . liii i. Psychology as a Science and as a part of Philosophy liii ii. Herbart . lXii iii. The F aculty-Psychology and its Critics . lxxiii iv. Methods and Problems of Psychology . lxxx ESSAY Ill.—ON some PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS or E'rmcs xciv i. Psychology and Epistemology . xcix ii. Kant, F ichte, and Hegel . cvi iii. Psychology in Ethics . cxvi iv. An Excursus on Greek Ethics . cxxix ESSAY IV.——PSYCHO-GENESIS . cxlvi i. Primitive Sensibility . cxlvii ii. Anomalies of Psychieal life . clix iii. The development of inner freedom . clxx ESSAY V.—Ermcs AND Pou-rrcs . clxxvi i. Hegel as a Political Critic . clxxvii ii. The Ethics and Religion of the State . clxxxvii viii CONTENTS. THE PHILOSOPHY OF MIND. PAGE INTRODUCTION What Mind is . Subdxbision SECTION I. MIND SUBJECTIVE . IO SUB-SECTION A. ANTHROPOLOGY. Tm: SOUL 12 (a) THE PHYSICAL SOUL . I4 (a) Physical qualities 15 ()9) Physical allerah'ons I7 (7) Sensz'bilily (b) Tm: FEELING SOUL . 25 gu) The Feeling Soul in its I'mmedr'my . 37 (B) Self-fieling 36 (7) Habil 39 (0) THE ACIUAL SOUL 44 SUB-SECTION B. PHENOMENOLOGY OF MIND. CON SCIOUSNESS 47 (a) CONSCIOUSNESS PROPER 50 (a) Sensuous conserbusness . 5o (B) Sense'percephbn (7) The Intellect 52 (b) SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS . 53 (a) Appetite . 53 (B) Self-consaousness recogm'h've 55 (7) Universal self-ronseiousness 57 (r) REASON 58 SUB-SECTION C. PSYCHOLOGY. MINI) 59 1a) THEORETICAL MIND 64 (a) Intuition 67 (B) Representation 7O (an) Reeollechon 70 (BB) Imagination 72 (77) Memory 84 (7) Thinking 89 COJVTENTS FAG E (b) MIND PRACTICAL 91 (a) Prach'ml sense . \B) The im/mlses and drain . 95 (7) Happiness 99 (0) FREE MIND I00 SECTION II. MIND OBJECTIVE 103 SUB-SECTION A. LAW . 107 (a) PROPERTY . 107 (b) CONTRACT . 108 (c) RIGHT vzrsus WRONG 109 SUB-SECTION B. THE MORALITY OF C0Nsc1ENCE 1 13 (a) PURPOSE 114 (1:) INTENTION AND WELFARE . 114 (c) GOODNESS AND WICKEDNESS 115 SUB-SECTION C. THE MORAL LIFE OR SOCIAL ETHIcs 119 AA. THE FAMILY ‘ 121 BB. CIVIL SOCIETY . 122 (a) T he System of Wants I22 (b) Administration of justwe 125 (0) Police a_nd Corporation 129 cc. THE STATE . 131 (a) Constitutional Law 131 (B) External Public Law I47 (7) Universal History I47 SECTION III. ABSOLUTE MIND 167 SUB-SECTION A. ART . 169 SUB-SECTION B. REVEALED RELIGION I75 SUB-SECTION C. PHILOSOPHY 181 INDEX . I99 FIVE INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS IN PSYCHOLOGY AND ETHICS ESSAY I. ON THE SCOPE OF A PHILOSOPHY OF MIND. THE art of finding titles, and of striking out headings which catch the eye or ear, and lead the mind by easy paths of association to the subject under exposition, was not one of Hegel’s gifts. A stirring phrase, a vivid or picturesque turn of words, he often has. But his lists of contents, when they cease to be commonplace, are apt to run into the bizarre and the grotesque. Gener ally, indeed, his rubrics are the old and (as we may be tempted to call them) insignificant terms of the text books. But, in Hegel’s use of them, these conventional designations are charged with a highly individualised meaning. They may mean more—they may mean less —than they habitually pass for: but they unquestion ably specify their meaning with a unique and almost personal flavour. And this can hardly fail to create and to disappoint undue expectations. (i.) PHILOSOPHY AND ITS PARTS. Even the main divisions of his system Show this conservatism in terminology. The names of the three parts of the Encyclopaedia are, we may say, non XIV ON THE SCOPE OF A PHILOSOPHY OF MIND. significant of their peculiar contents. And that for a good reason. What Hegel proposes to give is no novel or special doctrine, but the universal philosophy which has passed on from age to age, here narrowed and there widened, but still essentially the same. It is conscious of its continuity and proud of its identity with the teachings of Plato and Aristotle. The earliest attempts of the Greek philosophers to present philosophy in a complete and articulated order— attempts generally attributed to the Stoics, the school men of antiquity—made it a tripartite whole. These three parts were Logic, Physics, and Ethics. In their entirety they were meant to form a cycle of unified knowledge, satisfying the needs of theory as well as practice. As time went on, however, the situation changed: and if the old names remained, their scope and value suffered many changes. New interests and curiosities, due to altered circumstances, brought other departments of reality under the focus of investigation besides those which had been primarily discussed under the old names. Inquiries became more specialised, and each tended to segregate itself from the rest as an independent field of science. The result was that in modern times the territory still marked by the ancient titles had shrunk to a mere phantom of its former bulk. Almost indeed things had come to such a pass that the time-honoured figures had sunk into the misery of rats faz'ne'ants; while the real business of knowledge was discharged by the younger and less conventional lines of research which the needs and fashions of the time had called up. Thus Logic, in the narrow formal sense, was turned into an ‘art’ of argumentation and a system of technical rules for the analysis and synthesis of academical discussion.
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