124 Macleaya Cordata Species Introduction And

MACLEAYA CORDATA SPECIES INTRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION POSSIBILITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA Titei Victor Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM

Introduction Studying, improvement and implementation of introduced species with multiple values are dictated by demand and supply of Moldova’s national economy. Energy security is one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. Biomass takes a signifi cant place among renewable energy sources. Non-food perennial species of agricultural plants are especially interested for biomass production on energy purposes. The introduced non-food herbaceous perennial plant species with intensive growth is Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Brown (syn.: Bocconia cordata Willd.), family Papaveraceae Juss., common name plume poppy, natives of eastern Asia (China, Japan). Is cultivated as a garden plant, the aerial parts of M. cordata have long been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for its analgesic and anti-infl ammatory properties in humans (2). The aim of the present study was to evaluate agro biological peculiarities and energy characteristics of biomass the species M. cordata. Material and methods The plants of Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Brown which were cultivated in the collection of energy crops of the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM, served as object of study. The experiences with M. cordata started on the experimental fi eld, in late autumn, by planting the rhizomes at a depth of 7-10 cm. Agro biological peculiarities: growth, development and productivity, were performed according to the methodical indication (3). The biomass was collected and chopped (30 - 35 mm) in early March 2013 from experimental cultures, energy value were carried out according to accepted standards (1), bomb calorimeter LASET-10M. Results and discussions As a result of the study of the biological peculiarities in the fi rst year of vegetation, we can mention that in April, from the rhizomes of the species M. cordata at the soil surface appears the bud which the development stems erect, glaucous, basally lignifi ed, yellow lactiferous; the leaves are light green to olive green, simple lobed, alternate arrangement; the fl ower is radially symmetrical, panicles of creamy white fl owers. The end of vegetation (fl ower stages) the plant height reaches 168 cm. The productivity of biomass constitutes 0.47 - 0.51 kg/m2 dry matter. In the second year and the following years of vegetation, in spring, when the air temperature exceeds 8°C, starts plant development from generative buds formed on the rhizomes, which go through all stages of ontogenetic development fi nishing with seed formation, the plant height reaches 318 -343cm. 124 At the end of the period of vegetation and with the establishment of negative temperatures the stems are completely defoliated, the humidity of the stems about 33-35 %, at the in January - below 23%, and in early March 10-13%. The productivity of the harvested biomass constitutes 1.67 - 2.01 kg/m2 dry matter. The bulk density of the chopped stems is 146 - 185 kg/m3. The heat capacity of absolutely dry mass reaches 19.12 MJ / kg. The density of the briquettes made from biomass is 860 kg/ m3. Conclusions Introduced non-food herbaceous perennial plant species Macleaya cordata in the Republic of Moldova in the second year and following years of vegetation are characterized by high productivity and good energy quality biomass (19.12 MJ / kg). Bibliography 1. CEN/TC 335. Biomass standards. http://www.biomassenergycentre.org.uk 2. Xinrong Y. Encyclopedic Reference of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Springer. 2003. p. 436 3. ɇɨɜɨɫɟɥɨɜ ɘ.Ʉ. ɢ ɞɪ.. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɟɜɵɯ ɨɩɵɬɨɜ ɫ ɤɨɪɦɨɜɵɦɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɦɢ. Ɇ.: ȼɇɂɂɄ, 1983. 197 ɫ.

FODDER VALUE OF SILAGE OF THE GIANT KNOTWEED PLANTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA Titei Victor*, Teleuta Alexandru* , Cosman Sergiu ** *Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM **Institute of Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of M.A.F.I.

Introduction One of the major problems of revitalization and development of animal husbandry is increasing and diversifi cation of forage production which can provide a guaranteed fl ow of balanced food, in terms of quantity and quality, throughout the year, according to the physiological requirements of animals. At the moment, the raw materials for silage are the annual crops: maize and sunfl ower, but, in recent years, their surface has been reduced signifi cantly and their productivity decreased because of drought and heat. The herbaceous perennial plant species with intensive growth which provide animals with qualitative fodder is giant knotweed or Sakhalin Knotweed Polygonum sachalinense F.Schmidt syn. Fallopia sachalinense Ronse Decr., Reynoutria sachalinense Nakai originating from the spontaneous fl ora of the Far East of Russia and northern Japan were brought to Europe in the second half of 19th century and introduced into culture during the 20th century, as promising species due to their tolerance to pedoclimatic factors and stable production, are investigated and implemented in Germany, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, 125