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Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit Search HTML From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the use of HTML on Wikipedia, see Help:HTML in wikitext. Main page HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is HTML Contents the main markup language for displaying (HyperText Markup Language) Featured content web pages and other information that can Current events Filename .html, .htm be displayed in a web browser. extension Random article Donate to Wikipedia HTML is written in the form of HTML Internet media text/html elements consisting of tags enclosed in type Interaction angle brackets (like <html>), within the Type code TEXT Help web page content. HTML tags most Uniform Type public.html About Wikipedia commonly come in pairs like <h1> and Identifier Community portal </h1>, although some tags, known as Developed by World Wide Web Recent changes empty elements, are unpaired, for example Consortium & WHATWG Contact Wikipedia <img>. The first tag in a pair is the start Type of format Markup language Toolbox tag, the second tag is the end tag (they Extended from SGML are also called opening tags and closing Print/export tags). In between these tags web Extended to XHTML Languages designers can add text, tags, comments Standard(s) ISO/IEC 15445 Afrikaans and other types of text-based content. W3C HTML 4.01 Alemannisch The purpose of a web browser is to read W3C HTML5 (draft) اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ HTML documents and compose them into Aragonés visible or audible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the Azərbaycanca tags to interpret the content of the page. বাংলা Башортса HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows images and Беларуская objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It provides a беларуская means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such (тарашкевіца) as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. It can embed scripts in Български languages such as JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML webpages. Boarisch Web browsers can also refer to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to define the Bosanski appearance and layout of text and other material. The W3C, maintainer of both the Brezhoneg HTML and the CSS standards, encourages the use of CSS over explicitly presentational Català HTML markup.[1] Чвашла Česky Contents [hide] Corsu 1 History Cymraeg 1.1 Origins Dansk 1.2 First specifications Deutsch 1.3 Version history of the standard Eesti 1.3.1 HTML version timeline Ελληνικά 1.3.2 HTML draft version timeline Español 1.3.3 XHTML versions Esperanto 2 Markup Euskara 2.1 Elements Element examples 2.1.1 ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ Føroyskt 2.1.2 Attributes Français 2.2 Character and entity references Frysk 2.3 Data types Furlan 2.4 Document type declaration Gaeilge 3 Semantic HTML Galego 4 Delivery 한국어 4.1 HTTP Հայերեն 4.2 HTML e-mail िहदी 4.3 Naming conventions Hornjoserbsce 4.4 HTML Application Hrvatski 5 Current variations Bahasa Indonesia 5.1 SGML-based versus XML-based HTML Interlingua 5.2 Transitional versus strict Íslenska 5.3 Frameset versus transitional Italiano 5.4 Summary of specification versions Hypertext features not in HTML 6 עברית Basa Jawa 7 WYSIWYG editors ქართული 8 See also Қазақша 9 References Kiswahili 10 External links Kurdî Кыргызча History [edit] Latgaļu Latviešu Origins [edit] Lëtzebuergesch In 1980, physicist Tim Berners-Lee, who was a contractor at Lietuvių CERN, proposed and prototyped ENQUIRE, a system for CERN Lumbaart The historic logo researchers to use and share documents. In 1989, Berners-Lee Magyar made by the W3C wrote a memo proposing an Internet-based hypertext system.[2] Македонски Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server മലയാളം software in the last part of 1990. In that year, Berners- मराठी Lee and CERN data systems engineer Robert Cailliau Bahasa Melayu collaborated on a joint request for funding, but the Монгол project was not formally adopted by CERN. In his personal notes[3] from 1990 he lists[4] "some of the Nederlands many areas in which hypertext is used" and puts an नपे ाल भाषा encyclopedia first. 日本語 norsk (bokmål) First specifications [edit] norsk (nynorsk) Олык марий The first publicly available description of HTML was a Oʻzbekcha document called "HTML Tags", first mentioned on the Internet by Berners-Lee in late 1991.[5][6] It describes ਪੰਜਾਬੀ 18 elements comprising the initial, relatively simple Tim Berners-Lee design of HTML. Except for the hyperlink tag, these Polski were strongly influenced by SGMLguid, an in-house Português SGML based documentation format at CERN. Eleven of these elements still exist in Qaraqalpaqsha HTML 4.[7] Română HyperText Markup Language is a markup language that web browsers use to interpret Русский and compose text, images and other material into visual or audible web pages. Default Shqip characteristics for every item of HTML markup are defined in the browser, and these Simple English characteristics can be altered or enhanced by the web page designer's additional use of Slovenčina CSS. Many of the text elements are found in the 1988 ISO technical report TR 9537 Slovenščina Techniques for using SGML , which in turn covers the features of early text formatting Soomaaliga languages such as that used by the RUNOFF command developed in the early 1960s ﮐﻮردی for the CTSS (Compatible Time-Sharing System) operating system: these formatting Српски / srpski commands were derived from the commands used by typesetters to manually format Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски documents. However, the SGML concept of generalized markup is based on elements Suomi (nested annotated ranges with attributes) rather than merely print effects, with also the Svenska separation of structure and processing; HTML has been progressively moved in this Tagalog direction with CSS. ¾Á¢ú Berners-Lee considered HTML to be an application of SGML. It was formally defined as such by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) with the mid-1993 publication of the ไทย first proposal for an HTML specification: "Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)" Internet- Тоик Draft by Berners-Lee and Dan Connolly, which included an SGML Document Type Türkçe Definition to define the grammar.[8] The draft expired after six months, but was notable Türkmençe for its acknowledgement of the NCSA Mosaic browser's custom tag for embedding in- Українська line images, reflecting the IETF's philosophy of basing standards on successful prototypes.[9] Similarly, Dave Raggett's competing Internet-Draft, "HTML+ (Hypertext اردو Tiếng Việt Markup Format)", from late 1993, suggested standardizing already-implemented [features like tables and fill-out forms.[10 ייִדיש Yorùbá After the HTML and HTML+ drafts expired in early 1994, the IETF created an HTML 粵 語 Working Group, which in 1995 completed "HTML 2.0", the first HTML specification Žemaitėška intended to be treated as a standard against which future implementations should be 中文 based.[9] Published as Request for Comments 1866, HTML 2.0 included ideas from the HTML and HTML+ drafts.[11] The 2.0 designation was intended to distinguish the new edition from previous drafts.[12] Further development under the auspices of the IETF was stalled by competing interests. Since 1996, the HTML specifications have been maintained, with input from commercial software vendors, by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).[13] However, in 2000, HTML also became an international standard (ISO/IEC 15445:2000). HTML 4.01 was published in late 1999, with further errata published through 2001. In 2004 development began on HTML5 in the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG), which became a joint deliverable with the W3C in 2008. Version history of the standard [edit] HTML version timeline [edit] HTML November 24, 1995 HTML and HTML5 HTML 2.0 was published as IETF RFC Dynamic HTML 1866 . Supplemental RFCs added XHTML capabilities: XHTML Basic November 25, 1995: RFC 1867 XHTML Mobile Profile and C-HTML (form-based file upload) Canvas element Character encodings May 1996: RFC 1942 (tables) Document Object Model Document Object Model August 1996: RFC 1980 (client- Brow ser Object Model side image maps) Font family January 1997: RFC 2070 HTML editor (internationalization) HTML element January 1997 HTML Frames HTML 3.2[14] was published as a W3C HTML5 Audio and HTML5 video Recommendation. It was the first HTML scripting Web brow ser engine version developed and standardized Tag soup exclusively by the W3C, as the IETF Quirks mode had closed its HTML Working Group in Style sheets September 1996.[15] Unicode and HTML HTML 3.2 dropped math formulas W3C and WHATWG entirely, reconciled overlap among Web colors various proprietary extensions and Web storage adopted most of Netscape's visual WebGL markup tags. Netscape's blink element Comparison of and Microsoft's marquee element were document markup languages omitted due to a mutual agreement w eb brow sers between the two companies.[13] A layout engines for markup for mathematical formulas HTML similar to that in HTML was not HTML5 standardized until 14 months later in HTML5 canvas MathML. HTML5 media December 1997 Non-standard HTML HTML 4.0[16] was published as a W3C XHTML (1.1) Recommendation. It offers three V · T · E · variations: Strict, in which deprecated elements are forbidden, Transitional, in which deprecated elements are allowed, Frameset, in which mostly only frame related elements are allowed; Initially code-named "Cougar",[17] HTML 4.0 adopted many browser-specific element types and attributes, but at the same time sought to phase out Netscape's visual markup features by marking them as deprecated in favor of style sheets. HTML 4 is an SGML application conforming to ISO 8879 – SGML.[18] April 1998 HTML 4.0[19] was reissued with minor edits without incrementing the version number.
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