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Environmental Impact Assessment Report

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YMCA- Lebanon ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT SOLID WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY IN AIN BAAL, CAZA OF TYRE, SOUTH LEBANON M.E.E.A. Ltd. Consulting Environmental Engineers Beirut, Lebanon May 2005 Environmental Impact Assessment MEEA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................................................... II LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................................ VII LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................................VIII NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY........................................................................................................................................X INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... X LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS .............................................................................. X PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT............................................................................................................. XI DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................. XI DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................... XIII IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................ XIV MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................................... XIV ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................. XV 1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................................1 1.1. THE OVERALL CONTEXT ................................................................................................ 1 1.2. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE ..................................................................................... 1 1.3. THE PROJECT .................................................................................................................. 6 1.4. THE PROJECT LOCATION................................................................................................. 6 1.5. THE STUDY AND THE EIA REPORT ................................................................................. 7 2. LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS ...........................................................................9 2.1. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK............................................................................................. 9 2.1.1 Legislation Related to Solid Waste Management .................................................. 11 2.1.2 Standards for Compost set by the MoE.................................................................. 11 2.1.2.1 Type and Quality Standards for Compost.............................................................................................12 2.2. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................... 12 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ...................................................................................................................... 15 3.1. PROJECTS INITIATION ................................................................................................... 15 Solid Waste Treatment Facility – Ain Baal ii Environmental Impact Assessment MEEA 3.2. IMPORTANCE OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................... 15 3.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................ 15 3.4. THE EXECUTING OFFICE............................................................................................... 16 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT.................................................................................................................. 18 4.1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FACILITY..................................................................... 18 4.2. PROCESS THEORY......................................................................................................... 20 4.3. DETAILED PROCESS DESCRIPTION ................................................................................ 21 4.3.1 Unloading Bay ....................................................................................................... 21 4.3.2 Tipping floor .......................................................................................................... 22 4.3.3 Sorting Line............................................................................................................ 22 4.3.4 Compost Processing Area...................................................................................... 23 4.3.4.1 Bay Aeration, Temperature Control and Computer Control System................................................24 4.3.4.2 Water Addition...........................................................................................................................................25 4.3.5 Curing Area............................................................................................................ 25 4.3.6 Refining Area ......................................................................................................... 26 4.4. MANAGEMENT OF NON- ORGANIC WASTE................................................................... 28 4.5. ODOR CONTROL PLAN.................................................................................................. 28 4.5.1 Building Ventilation and Odor Control Systems ................................................... 28 4.5.2 Air/ Biofilter ........................................................................................................... 28 4.6. WATER TREATMENT PLAN ........................................................................................... 29 4.7. WASTE DELIVERY NETWORK ....................................................................................... 30 4.7.1 Existing Waste Collection System.......................................................................... 30 4.7.2 Waste Deliver to the Proposed SWTF ................................................................... 31 4.8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................... 35 4.8.1 Treatment and Disposal Method Selection ............................................................ 35 4.8.1.1 Sanitary Landfilling...................................................................................................................................36 4.8.1.2 Composting.................................................................................................................................................36 4.8.1.3 Anaerobic Digestion..................................................................................................................................37 4.8.1.4 Incineration .................................................................................................................................................37 4.8.1.5 Pyrolysis ......................................................................................................................................................38 4.8.2 Composting Technology Selection......................................................................... 40 4.8.2.1 The Bedminster AB Process....................................................................................................................40 Solid Waste Treatment Facility – Ain Baal iii Environmental Impact Assessment MEEA 4.8.2.2 Stationary In-Vessel Composting Process of ADENSYS ..................................................................43 4.8.2.3 IPS In- Vessel Composting Process of GROSSIMEX........................................................................45 4.8.3 Site Selection.......................................................................................................... 47 5. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT..................................................................................................... 50 5.1. GENERAL SETTING........................................................................................................ 50 5.2. METEOROLOGICAL SETTING......................................................................................... 52 5.2.1 Precipitation........................................................................................................... 52 5.2.2 Temperatures ......................................................................................................... 54 5.2.3 Winds...................................................................................................................... 55 5.3. SITE SETTING................................................................................................................ 56 5.4. TECTONIC SETTING AND SEISMICITY............................................................................ 58 5.5. GEOLOGICAL SETTING.................................................................................................
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