What is Canine (Canine Flu)?

Canine Influenza is a virus affecting dogs. It causes serious respiratory disease or complications which maybe mistaken as Kennel symptoms. The virus is similar to that of equine influenza and presumed to have mutated itself over time to spread to canines.

Symptoms of Canine flu typically appear about 2-5 days after exposure and include persistent cough, nasal discharge and low grade . Clinical signs of a more progressive case cause high fever, respiratory difficulty and . There is a low risk of mortality.

What causes ?

Canine influenza is caused by the H3N8 type A influenza microorganism. It cannot be transmitted to humans. While dogs exposed to the virus will become infected the Flu can affect canines in two different ways: Some dogs will contract the progressive type while most can get the mild version of the influenza.

How Is Canine Influenza Diagnosed?

Upon onset of symptoms a veterinarian should be consulted immediately. Examination, testing, diagnosis, and treatment can only be done through a qualified veterinarian. Blood and nasal discharge will be collected and sent to laboratory facilities for results. Pet owners should give an accurate pet health history, housing description and the number of dogs in household.

How Is Canine Influenza Spread?

The virus is contagious among canines and primarily transmitted via air through respiratory discharges or secretions, contact with other infected dogs or exposure to contaminated surfaces or objects. Canines suspected of being exposed to the virus may not necessarily present symptoms. Therefore quarantine measures need to be in place immediately and treatment given. A 10-14 day period is recommended after the last exposure to monitor for symptoms and signs of the virus.

What Factors Increase Chance for Complications?

Canines that are young, old or those with lower immunity have an increased chance of complications and may have to be carefully monitored.

What Treatment Is Available For Canine Influenza?

There is no vaccine to prevent or treat Canine Influenza. The only options available are to administer broad spectrum and to treat the symptoms of the viral infection through cough & fever suppressants, rest, fluid and food intake. Intravenous liquids and respiratory support may be used if the infection is severe.

How Can Canine Influenza Be Prevented?

Use kennel and grooming facilities that are inspected, use proper hygiene methods and inform the pet owner of their precautionary measures. Dogs showing signs of infection should be isolated to an area away from other canines; especially those in the household. Anti-viral cleaners and disinfectants containing 10% bleach need to be used on all contaminated objects and surfaces including bedding, toys and bowls.

To learn more contact the Hunterdon County Department of Health at 908.788.1351 or email: [email protected]

OTHER RESOURCES: www.aahanet.org/resources/wpcanine_flu_factsheet.aspx https://www.biosecuritycenter.org/article/canineFlu http://www.cvm.umn.edu/newsandevents/facts/CanineInfluenza.html www.nj.gov/agriculture/divisions/ah/diseases/canineflu.html

July, 2008 Hunterdon County Department of Health www.co.hunterdon.nj.us/health.htm