Affect and Number in Contemporary Cricket Sivakumar V. Arumugam

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Affect and Number in Contemporary Cricket Sivakumar V. Arumugam Governing Social Bodies: Affect and Number in Contemporary Cricket Sivakumar V. Arumugam Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 © 2012 Sivakumar V. Arumugam All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Governing Social Bodies: Affect and Number in Contemporary Cricket Sivakumar V. Arumugam Two recent cybernetics-derived academic disciplines, biomechanics and opera- tions research, have worked to reshape cricket. Liberalization and the consequent large flows of money into the game have resulted in a transformation in how the game is regulated, coached, and played. In this dissertation, I have focused on how cricket is now being produced through an account of the use of biomechanics in the regulating and coaching of cricket and an appraisal of the role that opera- tions research plays in regulating interruptions to individual games of cricket. I argue that these twin developments correspond to Foucault’s notion of a contem- porary governmentality organized around the body as machine and the species of body, respectively. A consideration of the manner in which cybernetics under- pins these practices and theories broadens and deepens accounts of both how the contemporary world is continually being shaped and being studied. Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Sciencestudiesandconstructivism . 5 1.2 Cyberneticthingsandgovernmentality . 13 1.3 Cyberneticsandtheory. 16 1.4 Anthropology of sport and cricket in India . 35 1.5 Asummary ................................. 37 2 Biomechanics and the habits of bowling fast 42 2.1 Liberalizationandexpertiseofthebody . 53 2.2 Biomechanics ................................ 57 2.3 TheMRFPaceFoundation. 71 2.4 IrfanPathan ................................. 77 2.5 Cyberneticsandbiomechanics . 94 2.6 Thelimitsofbiomechanics . 100 i 3 Spinning affect: the science and laws of cricket 102 3.1 Broadcastingderegulation . 113 3.2 Cricketandfairplay ............................ 125 3.3 Affectivebattingagainstbowling . 130 3.4 Muralitharan and the ‘throwing’ controversy . 144 3.5 Affect..................................... 150 4 Operations Research and predicting outcomes in cricket 163 4.1 Probityandprobability. 180 4.2 Information, mathematics and prediction . 183 4.3 Rulefollowing,numbers,andcommunity. 195 4.4 Acyborgmathematicsofsciencestudies . 204 4.5 Embeddingperformativity . 208 4.6 Computermodelsincricket . 213 5 Simulating cricket: the limits of data 221 5.1 TheDuckworthandLewisargument . 226 5.2 Aninterludeoncrime ........................... 244 5.3 Twomethodologies............................. 254 5.4 MonteCarloandBayes. 260 5.5 Numbersandmodels............................ 264 ii 6 Conclusion 267 Bibliography 273 iii For Ahilan iv Chapter 1 Introduction Introduction 2 Cricket is an old sport. The basic form of the game stabilized in the early 18th century. A bowler bowls a ball towards a batsman who in turn tries to hit the ball away from the bowler’s teammates—this is the micro-event at the core of any game of cricket. There have been a number of changes in the game and how it has been played, governed, and thought about over the last 300 years. Some of the changes in cricket since World War II can be traced to the imbrication of cricket with the exigencies and imperatives of modern markets. Denis Compton, a pro- fessional cricket player before and after the War, as well as a professional football player, was one of the first sportsmen to make a living from advertising—selling his image as a sportsman rather than just from playing sports itself. The compres- sion of the game in time and space in the form of “one-day” cricket in England in the 1960’s continued this connection between cricket and commerce. The game was structured to force a result within a single day as spectatorship for multi-day long cricket that often ended in draws dwindled. In the late 1970’s, the media mogul Kerry Packer persuaded the Australian Cricket Board to award his televi- sion channel exclusive broadcasting rights to Australian cricket by constructing a set of parallel “rebel” national teams and instituting commercially successful games between them. This pattern has continued to the present day via the creation of the Indian Premier League. The monies involved in this league of Introduction 3 city-based franchises in India has enabled it to draw on new sources of cricketing talent both within India and around the world.1 In this dissertation, I track some recent changes to how this international game is coached, played, and governed. I will demonstrate that two relatively new cybernetics-derived sciences—biomechanics and operations research—have been applied to cricket since the 1990’s. Both sciences have reshaped the regulation of games of cricket. Biomechanics is now woven into the regulation of what counts as “bowling” as well changing how bowlers are coached. And an Operations Research formula that purports to be fair and predictive of results is used to de- termine the outcome of interrupted one-day games. I will suggest that tracking these particular changes lends some insight into two concepts of some interest in anthropology—affect and number. Insofar as cricket is both a part of the con- temporary world and a simulacrum of it, similar processes may be occurring elsewhere. Cricket in an era of globalization, with India at its center, has been trans- formed. A much shorter version of the game tailored for evening television view- ing has been heavily promoted. Various aspects of the game have been stan- dardized, with the ICC providing the mechanism to enforce those standards. An international league has been instituted to measure national teams’ success 1For a recent account of some of these changes, see K.R. Guruprasad (2011). Introduction 4 against one another in the traditional five day form of the game that aligns with a “World Cup” involving play of the short, one day long, form. Such measures have been designed to increase audience sizes in India and around the world. The resulting increase in revenue to all members of the ICC—although it is worth noting that only the cricket boards in India, Australia and England actually make a profit, which is used by the ICC to subsidize the other boards—have in turn been invested in increasing the competitiveness of the individual national teams. Training academies for cricket players now specialize in breaking down playing techniques into series’ of minute bodily gestures through computer analyzes of video images. Such televisual technologies, adopted from the visualizations made available to audiences, have made the efficiency of cricket players’ bodies rather than individual playing style of overwhelming concern within India and around the world. Furthermore, a concern over increased efficiency, in particular, of over- seeing players’ physical fitness, has led national teams to replace their system of ad-hoc hiring of players match by match to a contracting of players on an annual basis. Moreover, the laws of cricket have also been reformulated around advances in the statistical analysis of cricket. These new technologies, I argue, collectively make available a novel form of governmentality—or the conduct of conduct—in cricket. Introduction 5 1.1 Science studies and constructivism Studying the deployment of science in cricket suggests a science studies approach. Science studies as such, as a not quite stable broadly defined discipline in its own right, is part of the story that I think unfolds in cricket. I suggest in chapter 4 that science studies shares a certain similarity to what, after Margaret Mead, came to be called second-order cybernetics, or the study of the engagement of observers of a cybernetic system with that very system. Making that connection between cybernetics and science studies, and a connection between cybernetics and im- portant recent concepts in anthropological theory, does not, however, reduce the latter to the former. Much as demonstrating that something social is constructed does not imply that the writer thinks it ought not to have come into being or could cease to be, suggesting that these connections exist does not by itself undercut the usefulness of cybernetics, science studies approaches, or indeed certain theories of affect and number. In The Social Construction of What? (Hacking 1999), Hacking asserts four theses about social construction work, listed together here: 0 In the present state of affairs, X is taken for granted; X appears to be inevitable (Hacking 1999, 12). 1 X need not have existed, or need not be at all as it is. X, or X as Introduction 6 it is at present, is not determined by the nature of things; it is not inevitable. 2 X is quite bad as it is. 3 We would be much better off if X were done away with, or at least radically transformed (Hacking 1999, 6). Hacking suggests that this list comports with grades of (this time, unenumer- ated) least-to-most demanding varieties of constructivism: • Historical • Ironic • Reformist; Unmasking • Rebellious • Revolutionary (Hacking 1999, 19) It is easy to see the correspondence between these two lists. If only condition (0) obtains, one is most likely an historical constructivist, if (0) and (1) obtain together, one is likely an ironic constructivist and so on, in Hacking’s schema. The point behind these grades of constructivism comes out in his writing on the “science wars.” Hacking assumes a disagreement between two parties: con- Introduction 7 structivists and scientists.
Recommended publications
  • Captain Cool: the MS Dhoni Story
    Captain Cool The MS Dhoni Story GULU Ezekiel is one of India’s best known sports writers and authors with nearly forty years of experience in print, TV, radio and internet. He has previously been Sports Editor at Asian Age, NDTV and indya.com and is the author of over a dozen sports books on cricket, the Olympics and table tennis. Gulu has also contributed extensively to sports books published from India, England and Australia and has written for over a hundred publications worldwide since his first article was published in 1980. Based in New Delhi from 1991, in August 2001 Gulu launched GE Features, a features and syndication service which has syndicated columns by Sir Richard Hadlee and Jacques Kallis (cricket) Mahesh Bhupathi (tennis) and Ajit Pal Singh (hockey) among others. He is also a familiar face on TV where he is a guest expert on numerous Indian news channels as well as on foreign channels and radio stations. This is his first book for Westland Limited and is the fourth revised and updated edition of the book first published in September 2008 and follows the third edition released in September 2013. Website: www.guluzekiel.com Twitter: @gulu1959 First Published by Westland Publications Private Limited in 2008 61, 2nd Floor, Silverline Building, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai 600095 Westland and the Westland logo are the trademarks of Westland Publications Private Limited, or its affiliates. Text Copyright © Gulu Ezekiel, 2008 ISBN: 9788193655641 The views and opinions expressed in this work are the author’s own and the facts are as reported by him, and the publisher is in no way liable for the same.
    [Show full text]
  • Four Square Construction
    +91-7971471102 Four Square Construction https://www.indiamart.com/foursquare-com/ Four Square Constructions was established to respond to the growing needs for contemporary and stylish residences, commercial and industrial requirements. About Us Four Square Constructions was established to respond to the growing needs for contemporary and stylish residences, commercial and industrial requirements.The partnership firm was started by two experienced professionals T.S. Murali and C.M. Rajinikanth in the year 2007. Their professionalism and steadfast commitment to quality standards and unparalleled knowledge about every nuance of the real estate industry, has enabled our team to make our presence felt in the Chennai cityscape in the shortest possible time. We are fully geared to work towards fulfilling the dreams and needs of its customers by delivering aesthetically appealing, functionally efficient and decidedly up-market real estate solutions. For more information, please visit https://www.indiamart.com/foursquare-com/profile.html RENOVATION SERVICES O u r S e r v i c e s Commercial Building Residential Building Renovation Service Renovation Service Old Bungalow Renovation Bathroom Renovation Service Service O u r OTHER SERVICES: S e r v i c e s Painting Renovation Service EA License Holder Industrial Electrical Works Industrial Flooring Service O u r OTHER SERVICES: S e r v i c e s Epoxy Flooring Service Industrial Building Constructions Heavy Electrical Service Commercial Building Constructions F a c t s h e e t Year of Establishment : 2017 Nature of Business : Service Provider Total Number of Employees : 11 to 25 People CONTACT US Four Square Construction Contact Person: C.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Results
    CHENNAI DISTRICT ATHLETICS CHAMPIONSHIP 2014 CHENNAI, 20 – 21 JUNE 2014 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU STADIUM Organised by: CHENNAI DISTRICT ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION Under the auspices of Tamil Nadu Athletic Association FINAL RESULTS Courtesy – Chennai District Athletic Association Page | 1 CHENNAI DISTRICT ATHLETICS CHAMPIONSHIP 2014 20-21 June 2014, Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, CHENNAI Organised by: Chennai District Athletic Association BOYS Place Name of the Athlete Fathers Name D O B Club / Institution Performance BOYS U-14: 100M 1 SURIYARAJ KRISHNA KUMAR 03-12-2000 SBOA Jr 2 ADRAIN JOSEPH AMAL RAJ 06-04-2001 ROYAL ATHLETIC CLUB 3 SAAIRAGAVENRA SANKARANARAYANAN 12-10-2000 KARLMARX 4 RAHUL 20-04-2001 ISPA 5 NITISH 18-12-2000 ISPA 6 AKASH 10-09-2000 KARLMARX 7 VAISHAK 17-05-2000 U/A 8 RAHUL RAO 01-12-2000 ROYAL BOYS U-16: 100M 1 NOEAL FRANCIS LOUIS MARIA JOSEPH 16-12-1998 ELSHADDAI 2 MANOJ KUMAR SHAKTHIVEL 26-03-1999 SDAT 3 NITHIN SEIDANANDH 12-04-1999 USF 4 SUMIT SHARMA 07-10-1998 ELSHADDAI 5 MUHAMMED MUFLIH 22-08-1999 SDAT 6 SAI VIKARAMAN 18-09-1998 RUN BIRD 7 MURALI 28-03-1997 KOLA 8 DEEPAK 06-12-1999 ROYAL BOYS U-18: 100M 1 SATHISH KUMAR 31-08-1996 RUN BIRD 2 SHIEK ABDUL KADHAR 27-12-1996 RUNBIRD 3 PRAVEEN RAJ 26-08-1996 KARL MARX 4 KIRAN 18-11-1996 USF 5 DILLI BABU 16-04-1997 RUNBIRD 6 MOHAN RAJA 23-03-1997 KARL MARX 7 SARAVANAN 06-01-1997 DOLPHIN CLUB 8 BENESTR FERNANDO 09-01-1997 USF BOYS U-20: 100M 1 HARIHARAN 07-01-1996 KANNIAH 2 RAKESH 03-09-1996 ELSHADDAI 3 GOKULA KRISHNAN 08-07-1994 SDAT 4 MANOJ 03-07-1995 ROYAL 5 DEENADAYALAN KOLA 6 DIVAKAR 01-12-1994 RUN BIRD 7 VIGNESH 02-05-1996 ISPA 8 VIGNESH 04-07-1997 USF Page | 2 BOYS U-14: 600M 1 SHARAN LAKSHMANAN 28-09-2000 KARL MARX 2 PRAVEEN 05-06-2001 SDAT 3 LAWJEET 31-07-2000 SDAT 4 IYAPPAN 12-11-2001 SPEEDY 5 RUDRA MURTHY 03-06-2001 USF 6 SAI PRASANTH 01-10-2000 SBOA JR.
    [Show full text]
  • JW Mckenzie Cricket Books
    J.J W. W. M. Mc KcKenenzizei e J. W. McKenzie CaCtaltoalgougeu e2 0230 3 Catalogue 203 Item No. 3 Item No. 3 Item No. 3 Item No. 6 Item No. 22 Item No. 85 Item No. 6 Item No. 22 Item No. 85 Item No. 6 Item No. 22 Item No. 85 Item No. 123 Item No. 125 Item No. 149 Item No. 123 Item No. 125 Item No. 149 Item No. 123 Item No. 125 Item No. 149 Item No. 1007 Item No. 1008 Item No. 1010 Item No. 1007 Item No. 1008 Item No. 1010 Item No. 1007 Item No. 1008 Item No. 1010 Item No. 1011 Item No. 1014 Item No. 1029 Item No. 1011 Item No. 1014 Item No. 1029 Item No. 1011 Item No. 1014 Item No. 1029 Item No. 1179 Item No. 1166 Item No. 1179 Item No. 1166 Item No. 1179 Item No. 1166 Printed by Joshua Horgan, Oxford Item No. 1204 Item No. 1215 Item No. 1204 Item No. 1215 Item No. 1204 Item No. 1215 Item No. 1218 Item No. 1199 Item No. 1218 Item No. 1199 Item No. 1218 Item No. 1199 Item No. 1190 Item No. 1190 Item No. 1190 A warm hello to all our customers All of us at J W McKenzie are pleased to be sending you our latest catalogue. We hope that this finds you safe and well during these unusual and difficult times. Thank you for your continued support. Visitors We are now pleased to again welcome visitors to the shop Due to the layout of the premises we feel it appropriate at present to have only two visitors at a time.
    [Show full text]
  • General Studies Series
    IAS General Studies Series Current Affairs (Prelims), 2013 by Abhimanu’s IAS Study Group Chandigarh © 2013 Abhimanu Visions (E) Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the owner/ publishers or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act, 1957. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claim for the damages. 2013 EDITION Disclaimer: Information contained in this work has been obtained by Abhimanu Visions from sources believed to be reliable. However neither Abhimanu's nor their author guarantees the accuracy and completeness of any information published herein. Though every effort has been made to avoid any error or omissions in this booklet, in spite of this error may creep in. Any mistake, error or discrepancy noted may be brought in the notice of the publisher, which shall be taken care in the next edition but neither Abhimanu's nor its authors are responsible for it. The owner/publisher reserves the rights to withdraw or amend this publication at any point of time without any notice. TABLE OF CONTENTS PERSONS IN NEWS .............................................................................................................................. 13 NATIONAL AFFAIRS ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mahendra Singh Dhoni
    Mahendra Singh Dhoni From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Mahendra Singh Dhoni File:MS Dhoni1.jpg Personal information Full name Mahendra Singh Dhoni Born 7 July 1981 (age 29) Ranchi, Bihar (now inJharkhand), India Nickname Mahi Height 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Batting style Right-hand batsman Bowling style Right-hand medium Role Wicket-keeper, India captain International information National side India Test debut (cap 251) 2 December 2005 v Sri Lanka Last Test 9 October 2010 v Australia ODI debut (cap 158) 23 December 2004 v Bangladesh Last ODI 02 April 2011 v Sri Lanka ODI shirt no. 7 Domestic team information Years Team 1999/00 – 2004/05 Bihar 2004/05- Jharkhand 2008– Chennai Super Kings Career statistics Competition Test ODI FC LA Matches 54 185 95 241 Runs scored 2,925 5,958 5087 7,960 Batting average 40.06 48.08 37.40 47.95 100s/50s 4/20 7/37 7/34 13/48 Top score 148 183* 148 183* Balls bowled 12 12 42 39 Wickets 0 1 0 2 Bowling average – 14.00 - 18.00 5 wickets in innings - - - - 10 wickets in match - - - - Best bowling 0/1 - - 1/14 Catches/stumpings 148/25 180/60 256/44 247/75 Source: Cricinfo, 21 February 2011 Mahendra Singh Dhoni, pronunciation (help·info) (Hindi: महेनद िसंह धोनी ) (born July 7, 1981 in Ranchi, Bihar) (now in Jharkhand) is an Indian cricketer and the current captain of the Indian national cricket team. Initially recognized as an extravagantly flamboyant and destructive batsman, Dhoni has come to be regarded as one of the coolest heads to captain the Indian ODI side.
    [Show full text]
  • Philpott S. the Politics of Purity: Discourses of Deception and Integrity in Contemporary International Cricket
    Philpott S. The politics of purity: discourses of deception and integrity in contemporary international cricket. Third World Quarterly 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2018.1432348. Copyright: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Third World Quarterly on 07/02/2018, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01436597.2018.1432348. DOI link to article: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2018.1432348 Date deposited: 23/01/2018 Embargo release date: 07 August 2019 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk 1 The politics of purity: discourses of deception and integrity in contemporary international cricket Introduction: The International Cricket Council (ICC) and civil prosecutions of three Pakistani cricketers and their fixer in October 2011 concluded a saga that had begun in the summer of 2010 with the three ensnared in a spot-fixing sting orchestrated by the News of the World newspaper. The Pakistani captain persuaded two of his bowlers to bowl illegitimate deliveries at precise times of the match while he batted out a specific over without scoring a run. Gamblers with inside knowledge bet profitably on these particular occurrences. This was a watershed moment in international cricket that saw corrupt players swiftly exposed unlike the earlier conviction of the former and now deceased South African captain Hansie Cronje whose corruption was uncovered much
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan Take Charge of Decisive Test
    The Island, Tuesday 31st January, 2006 India poses biggest threat to hosts at Youth World Cup by Rex Clementine host all Sri Lanka’s first round Kaif beat the hosts to win the tions from the supporters put games. 2000 edition of the competi- the young players under Neighbour India poses the Two teams will qualify for tion at the SSC. additional pressure? biggest challenge to hosts Sri the quarter-finals of the com- Sri Lanka played India in “Conditions here are Lanka in the Under-19 Cricket petition from each group and the Afro-Asian Cup last year going to help us obviously World Cup that gets under- if Sri Lanka go through they in India and were beaten in and it’s an advantage. With way next week in Colombo. will probably meet either the the final, but apparently have expectations being so high, Sri Lanka’s captain Angelo West Indies, Australia or addressed key areas that did- the pressure can build, but Mathews, coach Sumithra South Africa. n’t go right for them in that looking positively it will help Warnakulasuriya and manag- “The Indian game is going tournament. us to do even better,” er Ashley de Silva addressed to be the toughest for us. They “During the Afro-Asia Mathews said. the media in Colombo, yester- are a good side, but having Cup fielding was our main The hosts are also the most day. said that, we’ll be approach- concern. We have done a lot prepared team in the compe- Sri Lanka are drawn in ing all games with the same of hard work towards rectify- tition having toured Pakistan, Group ‘C’ in the two week level of intensity,” Mathews ing the shortcomings,” Bangladesh and England.
    [Show full text]
  • LEOPARD 2018-19 SKINNERS’ School School
    THE THE THE SKINNERS’ 2018-19 LEOPARD SKINNERS’ SCHOOL SCHOOL 1910 - 1911 John Austen Charles Beecher William Bennett John Booker 1903 - 1905 1902 - 1909 1907 - 1909 1906 - 1907 Edmund Allen Ernest Anscombe Leo Barnard Robert Bourner Eustace Bowhay Robert Brown Thomas Browne 1895-1900 1908-1910 1910 - 1911 1913-1914 1898-1906 1908-1911 1903 - 1906 Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Cecil Clifford Harry Colbourne Orazio Corte Alfredo De Duca 1912 1894 - 1899 1908 - 1909 1909 - 1913 Eric Buckley Anthony Cheeseman Claude Clements Aylett Cushen Howard Davy Ian Dempster Albert Dennis 1903-1908 1892-1897 Floreat Sodalitas 1895-1901 1903-1910 1903-1909 1915 1899-1901 Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Walter Elleray Richard Furley Nelson Greenyer Henry Grove 1906 - 1909 1911 - 1914 1912 - 1914 1908 - 1910 Cecil Down Henry Drader Robert Dunn Frank Elwin George Fenoulhet Arthur Francis Owen Hairsine 1905-1909 1906-1909 1899 - 1904 1904-1909 1903 - 1904 1908-1912 1899-1906 Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Floreat Sodalitas Louis Henning Lionel Hodge Frank Holyer Wilfred Hoskins 1900 - 1904 1904 - 1906
    [Show full text]
  • ICC Annual Report 2003-04 3 2003-04 Annual Report
    2003-2004 Annual Report & Accounts Mission Statement ‘As the international governing body for cricket, the International Cricket Council will lead by promoting the game as a global sport, protecting the spirit of cricket and optimising commercial opportunities for the benefit of the game.’ ICC Annual Report 2003-04 3 2003-04 Annual Report & Accounts Contents 2 President’s Report 32 Integrity, Ethical Standards and Ehsan Mani Anti-Corruption 6 Chief Executive’s Review Malcolm Speed 36 Cricket Operations 9 Governance and 41 Development Organisational Effectiveness 47 Communication and Stakeholders 17 International Cricket 18 ICC Test Championship 51 Business of Cricket 20 ICC ODI Championship 57 Directors’ Report and Consolidated 22 ICC U/19 Cricket World Cup Financial Statements Bangladesh 2004 26 ICC Six Nations Challenge UAE 2004 28 Cricket Milestones 35 28 21 23 42 ICC Annual Report 2003-04 1 President’s Report Ehsan Mani My association with the ICC began in 1989 Cricket is an international game with a Cricket Development and over the last 15 years, I have seen the multi-national character. The Board of the ICC The sport’s horizons continue to expand with organisation evolve from being a small, is comprised of the Chairmen and Presidents China expected to be one of the countries under-resourced and reactive body to one of our Full Member countries as well as applying to take our total membership above that is properly resourced with a full-time representatives of our Associate Members. 90 countries in June. professional administration that leads the This allows for the views of all Members to We are conscious that the expansion of game in an authoritative manner for the be considered in the decision-making process.
    [Show full text]
  • Justice Qayyum's Report
    PART I BACKGROUND TO INQUIRY 1. Cricket has always put itself forth as a gentleman’s game. However, this aspect of the game has come under strain time and again, sadly with increasing regularity. From BodyLine to Trevor Chappel bowling under-arm, from sledging to ball tampering, instances of gamesmanship have been on the rise. Instances of sportsmanship like Courtney Walsh refusing to run out a Pakistani batsman for backing up too soon in a crucial match of the 1987 World Cup; Imran Khan, as Captain calling back his counterpart Kris Srikanth to bat again after the latter was annoyed with the decision of the umpire; batsmen like Majid Khan walking if they knew they were out; are becoming rarer yet. Now, with the massive influx of money and sheer increase in number of matches played, cricket has become big business. Now like other sports before it (Baseball (the Chicago ‘Black-Sox’ against the Cincinnati Reds in the 1919 World Series), Football (allegations against Bruce Grobelar; lights going out at the Valley, home of Charlton Football club)) Cricket Inquiry Report Page 1 Cricket faces the threat of match-fixing, the most serious threat the game has faced in its life. 2. Match-fixing is an international threat. It is quite possibly an international reality too. Donald Topley, a former county cricketer, wrote in the Sunday Mirror in 1994 that in a county match between Essex and Lancashire in 1991 Season, both the teams were heavily paid to fix the match. Time and again, former and present cricketers (e.g. Manoj Prabhakar going into pre-mature retirement and alleging match-fixing against the Indian team; the Indian Team refusing to play against Pakistan at Sharjah after their loss in the Wills Trophy 1991 claiming matches there were fixed) accused different teams of match-fixing.
    [Show full text]
  • Seventy One Not
    MOT Out » Photo by Dattn <5r» Son, Red Htll. SEVENTY-ONE NOT OUT THE REMINISCENCES OF WILLIAM CAFFYN MEMBER OP THE ALL ENGLAND AND UNITED ELEVENS, OF THE SURREY COUNTY ELEVEN, OF THE ANGLO-AMERICAN TEAM OF 1859, AND OF THE ANGLO-AUSTRALIAN TEAMS OF l86l AND 1863 EDITED BY “MID-ON” WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS EDINBURGH AND LONDON MDCCCXCIX All Rights reserved TO GENERAL SIR FREDERICK MARSHALL, K.C.M.G., AN ARDENT AND GENEROUS SUPPORTER OF THE NOBLE GAME OF CRICKET. — PREFACE. I have lived to the age of seventy-one (hence the title of this work), and until some six months ago the writing of my reminiscences never occurred to me. Indeed had it not been for the fact of my meeting with an old friend—almost accidentally the ensuing pages would never have been written. Like most cricketers, I have unfortunately kept comparatively few records of my long career. Luckily I am possessed of an excellent memory, and with this and the aid of many an old volume kindly lent to me by various gentlemen I have been able to complete my somewhat difficult task. I have given a short sketch of the state of the national game at the time of my birth; how I learnt both batting and bowling when a boy ; have described my connection with Clarke’s old All England Eleven, and afterwards with the United; Vlii PREFACE. my visit with the first team to America in 1859; with Stephenson’s team to Australia in 1861, and with Parr’s more famous one in 1863; have given an account of my seven years’ residence in the Antipodes, and the close of my career after my return to England in 1871.
    [Show full text]