Baseline Review of Sustainable Energy Data in Belarus

Table of contents Executive summary ...... 3 1 Introduction ...... 6 2 Energy Statistics System in Belarus...... 7 3 Energy Sector in Belarus ...... 10 4 Sustainable Energy Data in Belarus ...... 12 4.1 The basic energy statistics...... 12 4.2 Statistics Related to Access to Modern Energy Services ...... 14 4.3 Statistics Related to Energy Efficiency ...... 15 4.4 Statistics Related to Renewable Energy ...... 17 5 Recommendations for the improvement of sustainable energy statistics in Belarus ...... 19 5.1 Prioritized list of gaps in sustainable energy statistics ...... 19 5.2 Means to overcome the main obstacles standing in the way of improving sustainable energy statistics ...... 20 Annexes ...... 21 Annex A - Basic Energy Statistics to be Reviewed ...... 21 Annex B - Statistics Related to Access to Modern Energy Services to be Reviewed ...... 25 Annex C - Statistics Related to Energy Efficiency to be Reviewed ...... 30 Annex D – Statistics Related to Renewable Energy to be Reviewed ...... 34

Executive summary The Republic of Belarus despite the difficult economic and political processes that have taken place since the 1990s, has managed to fully preserve and increase the potential of national statistics, including in the area of energy statistics. Belarus actively monitors and is ready to introduce a system of indicators on sustainable energy statistics. The main elements of the statistical system in Belarus is bodies of state statistics, which consist of the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus (Belstat), authorized state bodies (organizations), Interdepartmental Council for State Statistics. The Law of the Republic of Belarus of November 28, 2004 No. 345- З "On State Statistics" is the basic act of legislation in the field of statistics. The Law defines the rights and duties of state statistics bodies, authorized state organizations, and respondents. Energy statistics are formed by the Department of Energy Statistics, which is part of the Main Department of Enterprise Statistics, as well as regional statistical offices. Monthly, quarterly and annual surveys are conducted on energy statistics that cover large and medium-sized public and private enterprises-consumers of electricity and heat and fuel, manufacturing enterprises and enterprises that trade in fuel and electricity, including small organizations. Energy statistics are formed on the basis of international recommendations of the United Nations, Eurostat and the OECD / IEA / Eurostat manual on energy statistics. Starting in 2016, the energy balance is published in the format of the International Energy Agency. The cost of statistical activities in the field of energy statistics is estimated at $ 300,000 per year. The aim of Belarus’s energy policy is to secure reliable and sustainable energy while reducing energy import dependence and improving the energy sector’s financial stability. Renewable energy and energy efficiency have been recognized as means to achieve these aims, but most of the change in the energy sector will be effected by the new nuclear power station, expected to be partially operational by 2020. Belarus’s main energy policy document, the Concept of Energy Security, came into force on 1 January 2016. Policy objectives have remained the same as in the previous policy document: increased use of local fuels and reduced gas import dependency; expanded trade and regional co-operation; stronger state control but legal protection for smaller private companies; new technology development; and reduced energy intensity of GDP. In general, annual indicators of basic energy statistics are collected in full except for statistics on the use of energy carriers by transport. The delay between the reporting period (year) and the date of the official publication is 8 months, due to the need to clarify and revise the final source data. For all indicators, the frequency is 1 year, and data in the open are available from 2005. Because Belstat in the energy sector conducts a thorough survey of coverage, continuity and completeness of data high. All methodical instructions on which the calculations are made are available on the official website of the Belstat. Assessment of the accuracy of the calculated indicators is not carried out. 4

Considering the high proportion of the urban population in Belarus (77.9%), as well as the highly developed infrastructure of electric and gas networks, access to modern energy technologies is practically guaranteed throughout the country. According to the reporting by the State Enterprise "Belenergo" (a single seller of electric power to the population) and the state enterprise Beltopgaz (a single seller of natural gas to the population), all requests for connection to networks of energy supply organizations in the part of electric power and applications for connection to gas networks are provided, if there is a technical capability (gasified all settlements with a population of more than 10 thousand people). The indicators not centrally collected or calculated by Belstat, but all resources are available and, if developed, can be introduced into the common system until 2022. Energy efficiency statistics are almost entirely consistent with the system of sustainable development indicators, with the exception of the distribution of energy flows by industry and specific energy consumption by freight and passenger transport. A number of indicators are available and collected by Belstat. Also in the field of energy efficiency there is a separate system for collecting and anaiclyzing statistical information by the Department of Energy Efficiency of the State Standard of the Republic of Belarus on the basis of which it is possible to calculate all the missing indicators. The basic statistics on RES are fully collected and published by Belstat. Some private low-power RES installations that are not connected to a common energy system may not be accounted for. The thermal energy generated from renewable energy is also not accounted for, which is a significant part of energy resources, Mainly small towns and settlements, the production of thermal energy is carried out from wood fuel. Due to the lack of market relations in the electric power industry, as well as the significant fragmentation of plants for the production of energy from RES, unit cost of renewable generation by type (cost per megajoule) can only be determined for individual producers and types. The development of the system of indicators of sustainable development in the field of energy, Belstat counts and plan on: - methodological support of the actualization of the algorithm for building the energy balance, including taking into account the input of the first Belarusian nuclear power plant; - technical assistance in the development of the system of energy efficiency indicators; - methodological support for the calculation of indicators for the achievement of the Sustainable Energy Development Goals; - technical assistance in the application of the system of energy efficiency indicators for the purposes of modeling energy processes and long-term planning. The list of priorities for the country should also include the creation and 5 development of a system of indicators for sustainable energy statistics.

1 Introduction Modern conditions of global and national energy are constantly changing. High- quality energy statistics play an important role in the development of national energy plans and, thus, contribute to the strengthening of national energy security. Who uses energy statistics? Individuals who determine economic and energy policy, companies planning investments, banks, international organizations, universities, research institutes and even the general public. Energy statistics are at the heart of policy and decision-making; It plays a decisive role in the planning and development of the national energy policy. The Republic of Belarus, being in the center of the intersections of the energy routes of Europe, always pays great attention to qualitative energy statistics. Despite the difficult economic and political processes that have taken place since the 1990s, Belarus has managed to fully preserve and increase the potential of national statistics, including in the area of energy statistics. The country has already conducted a sample survey of households on energy consumption, actively introducing indicators of energy efficiency in industries, and the national energy balance is published in the IEA format. Despite all the achievements, Belarus actively monitors and is ready to introduce a system of indicators on sustainable energy statistics. In this report, based on the existing analysis of the energy statistics system, legislation and programs in the energy sector, an assessment and analysis of the feasibility of calculation and application of the system of indicators for sustainable energy have been made. Specific recommendations for the possible implementation of all 37 indicators for 4 sections were developed.

2 Energy Statistics System in Belarus. The main elements of the statistical system in Belarus are: - bodies of state statistics, which consist of the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus (Belstat) and its territorial bodies of state statistics (regions and the city of Minsk), which include statistical departments in districts and cities. The National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus is a republican body of state administration in the field of state statistics, conducts a state policy in the field of state statistics, regulates and manages, and coordinates the activities of other state bodies and other organizations. Belstat reports directly to the President of the Republic of Belarus. - Authorized state bodies (organizations), with the exception of state statistics bodies, which conducting state statistics on issues within their competence. - Interdepartmental Council for State Statistics (Interdepartmental Council) is an advisory body set up by the National Statistical Committee to ensure coordinated decision-making in the field of state statistical observations based on scientifically based statistical methodology. The legal framework in Belarus in terms of statistics is hierarchical: • Laws of the Republic of Belarus; • Decrees of the President of the Republic of Belarus; • International treaties; • Decrees of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus; • Legislative acts of the National Statistical Committee and state bodies authorized to maintain state statistics The Law of the Republic of Belarus of November 28, 2004 No. 345-З "On State Statistics" is the basic act of legislation in the field of statistics. The Law defines the rights and duties of state statistics bodies, authorized state organizations, and respondents. The implementation of the state statistical activity is carried out on the basis of an annually developed program of statistical work, state statistical observations, the presentation, dissemination and use of statistical data, including the formation and maintenance of a statistical register, statistical classifiers. According to the Strategy for the Development of State Statistics of the Republic of Belarus for the period until 2017, the main goal is to create prerequisites for the further development of state statistics: improving the quality of statistical products and services, ensuring the efficiency of statistical production processes, and improving the professional level of employees. The implementation of this goal is carried out in the following strategic directions: • Improvement of the institutional framework and quality management system; 8

• Development of partnerships with respondents; • Development of the system of relations with users, improvement of the quality of dissemination of official statistical information; • Improvement of statistical infrastructure, standards and methods; • The improvement of the system of statistical indicators and the official statistical methodology of their formation, the creation and development of new areas of statistics; • Improvement of the processes of statistical production on the basis of the introduction of new methods and modern information technologies; • Strengthening of human resources. The main strategic directions for the development of energy statistics are: • Development and implementation of a methodology for calculating final energy consumption and energy efficiency indicators by economic sectors; • Improvement of the methodology for building the energy balance in accordance with international standards; • Development and introduction in statistical practice of methodology of smoothing time series of data on energy consumption taking into account the climatic factor; • Conducting a sample survey of households on energy consumption. Energy statistics are formed by the Department of Energy Statistics, which is part of the Main Department of Enterprise Statistics, as well as regional statistical offices. This topic has become especially politically important due to Belarus' energy dependence on foreign suppliers and the state policy of energy efficiency. In addition to Belstat, the Department for Energy Efficiency of the State Committee for Standardization collects information by fuel, heat and electricity consumption for the production of the most energy-intensive products, as well as on the implementation of energy efficiency measures and the use of renewable energy sources. Monthly, quarterly and annual surveys are conducted on energy statistics that cover large and medium-sized public and private enterprises-consumers of electricity and heat and fuel, manufacturing enterprises and enterprises that trade in fuel and electricity, including small organizations. Through monthly surveys, data are collected from small, medium and large public and large private enterprises about fuel and energy consumption. Data are also collected on the production and sale of all types of energy. Quarterly surveys collect data on fuel stocks from small, medium and large state, as well as medium and large private enterprises. Through annual surveys, data on consumption of fuel, heat and electricity for the production of energy-intensive goods are collected. All surveys are continuous, the data 9 produced are cumulative. Regional departments collect and control primary data for completeness, consistency, extreme values, consistency with data from previous periods used by classifications. Data is transferred to Belstat, where final output tables are generated and published in different sections. Energy data are published on the official website of Belstat and in printed publications. Annual data revisions are carried out once in July, when more complete data is available, with annual data being final, and monthly and quarterly data being revised based on adjusted primary data. Energy statistics are formed on the basis of international recommendations of the United Nations, Eurostat and the OECD / IEA / Eurostat manual on energy statistics. Starting in 2016, the energy balance is published in the format of the International Energy Agency.

The National Statistics Committee of the Republic of Belarus has a department of energy statistics that deals directly with the issues of organizing the collection and processing of statistical reports on energy, the methodology for building an energy balance, food balances, calculating energy efficiency indicators, and filling out international questionnaires. The department consists of 5 employees and is part of the Main Department of Enterprise Statistics. In each regional department of statistics, corresponding structural subdivisions of 4-5 people have been created. The Energy Statistics Department closely cooperates with other structural subdivisions of Belstat, which supply the necessary information for the calculation of energy indicators: data on production and production of fuel and energy resources, foreign trade in energy resources, transport statistics. Thus, about 10 people are involved in the formation of energy statistics in the Belstat in a broad sense, on the whole, around 40 people in the system. Financing of the activities of the Belstat is carried out at the expense of the republican budget. The amount of the total budget financing of expenditures is placed in open access. The cost of statistical activities in the field of energy statistics is estimated at $ 300,000 per year.

3 Energy Sector in Belarus

The main pieces of legislation governing Belarus’s energy sector are: • the Law on Gas Supply (2003) • the Law on Renewable Energy Sources (2010) • the Law on Energy Savings (1998, update 2014). The Law on Energy Savings stipulates energy efficiency technology implementation and energy-efficient equipment requirements, but there is no law on electricity in Belarus, although the government is considering drafting a law that addresses electricity sector unbundling. There are also no laws on heat or gas, and no proposals are under consideration. In May 2013 a Power supply rules was approved by government, legislating electricity network development and rehabilitation, and in August 2014 a new Decree on Grid Connection was approved, allowing smaller private generators to access the grid. Because increased renewable energy would provide greater energy security by reducing energy imports (at the same time as cutting GHG emissions), the government has made renewables development an energy sector priority. In 2011, the National Programme on Local and Renewable Energy Development for 2011- 15 was launched, with detailed plans and projections for developing all local resources, particularly biomass and biogas. In 2015 the Belarusian government amended the renewable energy regulations of the Law on Renewable Energy Sources adopted in 2010. In May 2015, it approved the Presidential Decree on the Use of Renewable Energy and in August 2015 a resolution on a new methodology for FITs. Approval of the Comprehensive Development Plan for the Electricity Sector to 2025 and Beyond happened in March 2016, and in April 2016 the National Energy Saving Programme 2016-2020 was approved. The new legislation on renewables of May and August 2015 changed the previous FITs and set quotas on grid-interconnected renewable energy development (i.e. on new plants and modernization/rehabilitation to raise capacity); off-grid developments and units contracted before 20 May 2015 are not subject to these quotas. The government expects the new tariffs to attract investors, while the quotas will maintain the sustainability of renewables development and grid balancing. The aim of Belarus’s energy policy is to secure reliable and sustainable energy while reducing energy import dependence and improving the energy sector’s financial stability. Renewable energy and energy efficiency have been recognized as means to achieve these aims, but most of the change in the energy sector will be effected by the new nuclear power station, expected to be partially operational by 2020. 11

Belarus’s main energy policy document, the Concept of Energy Security, came into force on 1 January 2016. Policy objectives have remained the same as in the previous policy document: increased use of local fuels and reduced gas import dependency; expanded trade and regional co-operation; stronger state control but legal protection for smaller private companies; new technology development; and reduced energy intensity of GDP. The main strategies to achieve these objectives are to: • reduce import dependency and develop domestic energy resources • diversify import suppliers and increase energy transit • reduce natural gas in the energy mix • improve reliability through rehabilitation and modernization, and increased oil reserves • enhance demand-side energy efficiency measures and reduce GDP energy intensity • enhance production and distribution energy efficiency • make energy affordable while phasing out subsidies • expand regional and global co-operation and trade/exports • improve energy sector management. The Comprehensive Development Plan for the Electricity Sector provides for integration of the planned NPP and necessary changes in the regulatory and technical framework. The plan also includes allowances for network rehabilitation and development, and the phase-out of tariff subsidies. The Plan’s main technical goals are to: - commission the Belarusian NPP (2 400 megawatts [MW]) - reduce the share of gas in heat and electricity production to 60% in 2025 - integrate the NPP into the grid by installing 985 MW of electric boilers with Belenergo and 200 MW with other consumers - construct 800 MW of peak-reserve power capacity - restrict the Belarusian NPP’s basic mode of operation in the non-heating period to 80% of rated power - introduce electric heating and hot water systems in new building construction when technically and economically feasible - expand electric vehicle charging infrastructure and electric public transport.

4 Sustainable Energy Data in Belarus

4.1 The basic energy statistics. In general, annual indicators of basic energy statistics are collected in full except for statistics on the use of energy carriers by transport. The delay between the reporting period (year) and the date of the official publication is 8 months, due to the need to clarify and revise the final source data. For all indicators, the frequency is 1 year, and data in the open are available from 2005. Because Belstat in the energy sector conducts a thorough survey of coverage, continuity and completeness of data high. All methodical instructions on which the calculations are made are available on the official website of the Belstat. Assessment of the accuracy of the calculated indicators is not carried out. In connection with the application of the system established since the time of the Soviet Union, a number of indicators are methodologically comparable with indicators of sustainable development and for correct comparison both methodological and caloric coefficients need to be adjusted. Historically, the coal equivalent (7000 kcal / kg) is used as a conventional fuel in Belarus, and in the world practice - the oil equivalent (10,000 kcal / kg). The figure shows an example of data representation on the Belstat website.

For individual indicators it is necessary to note the following: Total primary energy supply - a comparable indicator "Gross consumption of energy resources" is calculated in tons of coal equivalent. It is 13 necessary to adjust the caloric coefficient and methodological verification of the order of its calculation. National energy balance - is available only in print and is calculated in tons of coal equivalent. Production, imports, exports of energy by types - are indicated in tons of coal equivalent. Final domestic consumption by energy type and end user - is accessible within the energy balance only in the printed edition and is calculated in tons of coal equivalent. It also requires methodological reconciliation in the final areas of energy use. Transportation energy use by energy type and transportation mode is absent in national statistics. All the initial data for its calculation are collected. After the development of the calculation methodology, it is possible to calculate Belstat as early as August 2017. Household energy use by energy type and household type (urban / rural) - is calculated in general for Belarus without division into urban and rural population. 14

4.2 Statistics Related to Access to Modern Energy Services

Considering the high proportion of the urban population in Belarus (77.9%), as well as the highly developed infrastructure of electric and gas networks, access to modern energy technologies is practically guaranteed throughout the country. According to the reporting by the State Enterprise "Belenergo" (a single seller of electric power to the population) and the state enterprise Beltopgaz (a single seller of natural gas to the population), all requests for connection to networks of energy supply organizations in the part of electric power and applications for connection to gas networks are provided, if there is a technical capability (gasified All settlements with a population of more than 10 thousand people). The indicators for this section are not centrally collected or calculated by Belstat, but all resources are available and, if developed, can be introduced into the common system until 2022. For individual indicators it is necessary to note the following: (Urban / rural) - the data are not officially published and are only available on request to electricity suppliers. It is necessary to develop a methodology for collecting data and calculating the indicator at the national level. (Urban / rural) - the data are not officially published and are only available on request to natural gas suppliers. It is necessary to develop a methodology for collecting data and calculating the indicator at the national level. Share of households with reliable and reliable access to home heating fuel and / or coal by household type (urban / rural). Coal is not used in households. Briquetted peat and firewood, if necessary, are available for purchase to all households. Average electricity costs by household type (urban / rural) - the tariffs for electricity for the population are set unified for the whole country by government decree. Average prices for home heating fuel by household type (urban / rural) - tariffs for thermal energy, natural gas are set unified for the whole country by government decree. Average retail price of petrol (gasoline) and diesel fuel by region (urban / rural) - prices for light oil products are the same throughout the country. Average is not calculated, but can be calculated by Belstat on the basis of household survey data. Average annual number of days by household type (urban / rural) - a comparable indicator is used to determine the number of hours of power supply restoration, but without division into the urban and rural population. 15

Annual gross fixed capital formation in the form of electricity and fossil fuel as a measured quantity by the System of National Accounts - the indicator can be calculated by Belstat.

4.3 Statistics Related to Energy Efficiency Energy efficiency statistics are almost entirely consistent with the system of sustainable development indicators, with the exception of the distribution of energy flows by industry and specific energy consumption by freight and passenger transport. A number of indicators are available and collected by Belstat. Also in the field of energy efficiency there is a separate system for collecting and anaiclyzing statistical information by the Department of Energy Efficiency of the State Standard of the Republic of Belarus on the basis of which it is possible to calculate all the missing indicators. Also at the regional and sectoral levels, tasks are set for saving fuel and energy resources. As an example, the table shows the economy figures for 2016, which are officially published on the website of the Department of Energy Efficiency.

The economy of fuel and energy resources for 2016..

Goal Fact Region, ministry th t.c.e. th t.c.e. By regions: Brest region 116 140,2 Vitebsk region 170 153,6 Gomel region 140 166,2 Grodno region 141 140,5 Minsk 170 174,7 Minsk Region 110 127,6 Mogilev region 165 247,8 ON MINISTRIES: Ministry of Architecture 97,0 225,2 Ministry of Industry and Trade 87,0 81,7 Concern "Bellegprom" 12,0 10,9 Concern "Bellesbumprom" 14,0 16,7 16

Concern "Belneftekhim" 130,0 136,3 GTP "Beltopgaz" 5,5 5,4 Concern "Belgospischeprom" 21,0 23,2 Mininform 0,2 0,2 Goskomvoroprom 2,0 2,1 Ministry of Agriculture and Food 4,0 4,2 MIA 2,0 2,6 Ministry of Health 2,3 2,3 Ministry of Culture 0,2 0,3 Ministry of Forestry 1,0 1,0 Ministry of Defense 2,5 3,5 Ministry of Education 2,0 2,9 Communications 3,0 4,4 Ministry of Sport 0,4 0,5 Ministry of Transport 18,0 18,0 State Unitary Enterprise "Belenergo" 170,0 218,4 State Border Committee 0,6 0,9

For individual indicators, it is necessary to note the following: Total primary energy supply per capita - calculated in tons of coal equivalent per capita. The final domestic energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product is a methodological refinement of the GDP value for this indicator (in current prices, in constant prices for a fixed year, with or without parity of purchasing power). Final energy consumption per unit of value added by industrial branch - will be calculated after introduction of energy efficiency indicators by industries by 2017. Transmission and distribution losses are calculated on the basis of the national electric power balance. Average efficiency of thermal power generating stations - a comparable indicator (the specific consumption of conventional fuel for the generated electricity) is calculated and published only for the sources of GPO Belenergo (about 90% of all the generated electricity in Belarus). Freight transport energy consumption per tonne-kilometre and passenger transport energy consumption per passenger-kilometre - these figures are no national statistics, but can be entered and calculated as basic information on 17 them is going to Belstat. Business-sector and Public-sector investment in energy efficiency technologies (including subsidies), total and as a share of total spending - is collected and calculated only on the legal entities that have filed reports to the Department of Energy (mainly medium and large enterprises).

4.4 Statistics Related to Renewable Energy

The basic statistics on RES are fully collected and published by Belstat. Some private low-power RES installations that are not connected to a common energy system may not be accounted for. The thermal energy generated from renewable energy is also not accounted for, which is a significant part of energy resources, Mainly small towns and settlements, the production of thermal energy is carried out from wood fuel. Due to the lack of market relations in the electric power industry, as well as the significant fragmentation of plants for the production of energy from RES, unit cost of renewable generation by type (cost per megajoule) can only be determined for individual producers and types. Also at the regional and sectoral levels, tasks are set to increase the share of renewable energy sources. As an example, the table shows the use of RES for 2016, which are officially published on the website of the Department of Energy Efficiency.

Share of renewable energy sources in energy mix 2016

Goal Fact Region, ministry Per cent

Brest region 8,6 8,5 Vitebsk region 5,7 5,7 Gomel region 4,5 7,6 Grodno region 8,0 9,1 Minsk city 0,9 1,2 Minsk region 18,3 18,9 Mogilev region 13,8 13,2 18

BY MINISTRIES: Ministry of Architecture 1,0 1,4 Ministry of Industry and Trade 1,4 1,2 Concern "Bellegprom" 1,4 1,3 Concern "Bellesbumprom" 55,2 58,3 Concern "Belneftekhim" 0,1 0,1 GTP "Beltopgaz" 1,2 1,7 Concern "Belgospischeprom" 0,4 0,4 Ministry of Agriculture and Food 6,4 6,3 MIA 49,9 54,1 Ministry of Health 3,5 4,7 Ministry of Forestry 97,5 98,3 Ministry of Defense 45,7 61,0 Ministry of Education 29,0 38,0 Communications 36,2 42,2 Ministry of Transport 11,5 14,8 State Unitary Enterprise 1,0 1,2 "Belenergo" State Border Committee 49,8 53,8 MES 62,7 67,0

5 Recommendations for the improvement of sustainable energy statistics in Belarus

5.1 Prioritized list of gaps in sustainable energy statistics

№ Gap Need to do Timeline 1. There is no unified Develop a roadmap for the 2017-2018 system of indicators implementation of a for sustainable unified system of energy statistics indicators for sustainable energy statistics. 2. Calculations in coal Re-develop 2017-2019 equivalent methodologies and lists of indicators for translating calculations in oil equivalent 3. There are no Develop lists of indicators 2017-2020 indicators on the use and calculation methods of energy by for the transport complex transport 4. The energy costs at Include in the 2017-2019 the household level questionnaire for the are not taken into general population census. account 5. The accumulation of Develop lists of indicators 2017-2020 capital in the energy and methods of calculation sector is not calculated 6. Coordination of a Clearly define the roles 2017-2018 centralized data and locations of agencies collection system in the provision and between departments calculation of indicators in the energy sector 7. Low staff awareness Conduct a series of 2017-2020 of indicators of training seminars among sustainable energy interested departments and development staff for the presentation of indicators. 8. Not all indicators are Ensure publication of Constantly published in English indicators in English 20

5.2 Means to overcome the main obstacles standing in the way of improving sustainable energy statistics

As part of the development of the system of indicators of sustainable development in the field of energy, Belstat counts on: Methodological support of the actualization of the algorithm for building the energy balance, including taking into account the input of the first Belarusian nuclear power plant; Technical assistance in the development of the system of energy efficiency indicators; Methodological support for the calculation of indicators for the achievement of the Sustainable Energy Development Goals; Technical assistance in the application of the system of energy efficiency indicators for the purposes of modeling energy processes and long-term planning. The list of priorities for the country should also include the creation and development of a system of indicators for sustainable energy statistics. In this regard, the Belstat is ready to assume a coordinating role in the creation and development of this system. The existing gaps in the data (missing indicators) to date due to the introduction of a new fuel and energy balance, Belstat can already calculate.

Annexes

Annex A - Basic Energy Statistics to be Reviewed

Statistic1 Availability Source Quality assessment Comment

Total primary Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months Comparable indicator energy supply Russian, Periodicity: 1 year Gross consumption of fuel and energy Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 resources statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno- Availability: high energeticheskie-resursy/ Interpretation. Yes

Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- English statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- statistika/real-sector-of-the- Accuracy. No economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High data_4/energy-resources/

National energy Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months balance Russian, Periodicity: 1 year Time series: 1993-2016 Reach: Completely Availability: high Interpretation. Yes Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya-

1 Where the exact statistic named is not available but a one very similar is the national consultant should note the statistic that is available and include an assessment of it. 22

Statistic1 Availability Source Quality assessment Comment statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Production by Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months energy type2 Russian, Periodicity: 1 year Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno- Availability: high energeticheskie-resursy/ Interpretation. Yes

Imports by Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months energy type Russian, Periodicity: 1 year Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno- Availability: high energeticheskie-resursy/ Interpretation. Yes

Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya-

2 Energy types: Coal, peat, crude oil (including oil shale/sands), natural gas (including liquids), primary (nuclear, hydro, solar, wind and other renewables) electricity, biofuels, heat and refined petroleum products. 23

Statistic1 Availability Source Quality assessment Comment English statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- Accuracy. No statistika/real-sector-of-the- Sequence: High economy/energy-statistics/annual- data_4/energy-resources/

Exports by Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months energy type Russian, Periodicity: 1 year Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno- Availability: high energeticheskie-resursy/ Interpretation. Yes

Final domestic Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months consumption by Russian, Periodicity: 1 year energy type and end user Time series: 1993-2016 Reach: Completely Availability: high Interpretation. Yes Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ 24

Statistic1 Availability Source Quality assessment Comment Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Transportation Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months Missing data by mode energy use by of transport Russian, Periodicity: 1 year energy type and It is possible to transportation Time series: 1993-2016 calculate Belstat mode Reach: Completely August 2017 Availability: high Interpretation. Yes Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Household Available Belstat, Своевременность: 8 месяцев No data on household energy use by types (urban / rural) Russian Периодичность: 1 год energy type and household type Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Временные ряды: 2005-2015 (urban/rural) statistika/realny-sector- Охват: Полностью ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Доступность: высокая dannye_3/potreblenie-toplivno- Интерпретация. Да energeticheskih-resursov-naseleniem/ Прозрачность. Да http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Точность. Нет Последовательность: Высокий

Annex B - Statistics Related to Access to Modern Energy Services to be Reviewed

Statistic3 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment*

Share of No State Unitary Timeliness: 2 months All households are households Enterprise included in the requests. Periodicity: 1 year connected to the "Belenergo" Coverage by country - national electric Time series: 2000-2015 100% power grid or Reach: Completely another reliable source of Availability: Low electricity by Interpretation. No household type (urban/rural) Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Share of No State Unitary Timeliness: 2 months All households are households Enterprise connected according to Periodicity: 1 year connected to the "Beltopgas" requests for the national natural Time series: 2000-2015 opportunity. gas distribution Reach: Completely network or another reliable Availability: Low source of natural Interpretation. No gas supply by household type Transparency. No (urban/rural) Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Share of No State Unitary Timeliness: 2 months households with Enterprise Periodicity: 1 year ready and reliable

3 Where the exact statistic named is not available but a one very similar is the national consultant should note the statistic that is available and include an assessment of it. 26

Statistic3 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* access to home "Beltopgas" Time series: 2000-2015 heating fuel Reach: Completely and/or coal by household type Availability: Low (urban/rural) Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Share of All households are households (or provided with a population) centralized power supply without access to electricity or other commercial energy source, or heavily dependent on non- commercial energy by household type (urban/rural)

Average Available Ministry of Energy, Timeliness: 1 month Prices are the same all household MART over the country Periodicity: when prices change electricity prices by household type Time series: 2000-2015 (urban/rural) Reach: Completely Availability: Low Interpretation. No Transparency. No 27

Statistic3 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Average prices for Available Ministry of Energy, Timeliness: 1 month Prices are the same all home heating fuel MART over the country Periodicity: when prices change by household type (urban/rural) Time series: 2000-2015 Reach: Completely Availability: Low Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Average Coal is not used household prices for coal by household type (urban/rural)

Average retail Available Belneftekhim Timeliness: 1 month Prices are the same all price of petrol over the country Periodicity: when prices change (gasoline) and diesel fuel by Time series: 2000-2015 region Reach: Completely (urban/rural) Availability: Low Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No 28

Statistic3 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* Sequence: High

Average share of No - - The indicator is not household calculated disposable income Can be calculated by spent on energy Belstat on the basis of purchases by household survey data household type (urban/rural)

Average annual No State Unitary Timeliness: 2 months The number of hours of number of days of Enterprise power supply restoration Periodicity: 1 year household "Belenergo" is determined electrical outages Time series: 2000-2015 by household type Reach: Completely (urban/rural) Availability: Low Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Average annual - No - - The indicator is not number of days of calculated shortages of home heating oil, coal, petrol and diesel by area (urban/rural)

Annual gross fixed No The indicator is not capital formation calculated in energy Can be calculated by production and 29

Statistic3 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* distribution Belstat systems by energy type (electricity/fossil fuel) as a share of total national gross fixed capital formation as measured by the System of National Accounts

*See Table 1.

Annex C - Statistics Related to Energy Efficiency to be Reviewed

Statistic4 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment*

Total primary Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months Comparable indicator energy supply Russian, Periodicity: 1 year Gross consumption of per capita fuel and energy Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 resources per capita statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- English statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- Accuracy. No statistika/real-sector-of-the- economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High Comparable indicator data_4/main-indicators-characterizing-the- Gross consumption of fuel and energy resources per capita consumption-of-energy- Resources /

Final domestic Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months energy Russian, Periodicity: 1 year consumption per unit of gross Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 domestic statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely product ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- English statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya-

4 Where the exact statistic named is not available but a one very similar is the national consultant should note the statistic that is available and include an assessment of it. 31

Statistic4 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* statistika/real-sector-of-the- Accuracy. No economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High Comparable indicator data_4/main-indicators-characterizing-the- consumption-of-energy- Resources / Gross consumption of fuel and energy resources per capita

Final domestic No The indicator is not energy calculated consumption Will be calculated by per unit of value Belstat in August 2017 added by industrial branch

Transmission Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months Equal indicator is and distribution absent. Can be Russian, Periodicity: 1 year losses as a share calculated from the of electric Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 fuel and energy power statistika/realny-sector- balance Reach: Completely production ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno- Availability: high energeticheskie-resursy/ Interpretation. Yes

Average Available State Unitary Enterprise "Belenergo" Timeliness: 1 month A comparable efficiency of indicator. Periodicity: 1 month thermal power Specific consumption generating Time series: 2000-2015 of fuel equivalent for stations Reach: Completely electricity generation 32

Statistic4 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* Availability: Low Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Freight No - - The indicator is not transport energy calculated consumption It is possible to per tonne- calculate kilometre

Passenger No - - The indicator is not transport energy calculated consumption It is possible to per passenger- calculate kilometre

Business-sector Available Department of Energy Efficiency Timeliness: 1 month A comparable Investment in Gosstandart indicator. Periodicity: 1 year energy Own funds of efficiency Time series: 2000-2015 enterprises in the technologies, Reach: Completely total amount of total and as a financing for energy- share of total Availability: Low saving measures investments Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Public-sector Available Department of Energy Efficiency Timeliness: 1 month A comparable investment in 33

Statistic4 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* energy Gosstandart Periodicity: 1 year indicator. efficiency Time series: 2000-2015 Budgetary funds in technologies the total amount of (including Reach: Completely financing for energy- subsidies), total Availability: Low saving measures and as a share of total spending Interpretation. No Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

*See Table 1.

Annex D – Statistics Related to Renewable Energy to be Reviewed

Statistic5 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment*

Total Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months production of Russian, Periodicity: 1 year renewable energy6 Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- English statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- Accuracy. No statistika/real-sector-of-the- economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High data_4/main-indicators-characterizing-the- consumption-of-energy- Resources /

Share of Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months renewable Russian, Periodicity: 1 year sources in total primary energy Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 supply statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-

5 Where the exact statistic named is not available but a one very similar is the national consultant should note the statistic that is available and include an assessment of it. 6 Renewable energy includes hydroelectricity; wind electricity; solar electricity and heat; geothermal electricity and heat; biofuel/biowaste electricity and heat; electricity and heat from municipal wastes; and other renewable electricity and heat. 35

Statistic5 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* English statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- statistika/real-sector-of-the- Accuracy. No economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High data_4/main-indicators-characterizing-the- consumption-of-energy- Resources /

Production of Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months renewable Russian, Periodicity: 1 year energy by type (see footnote 3) Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- English statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- Accuracy. No statistika/real-sector-of-the- economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High data_4/main-indicators-characterizing-the- consumption-of-energy- Resources /

Share of Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months renewable Russian, Periodicity: 1 year sources in electricity Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 production statistika/realny-sector- Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- 36

Installed Available Belstat; Timeliness: 8 months Small autonomous renewable energy sources and Russian, Periodicity: 1 year energy capacity producers of thermal Http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- Time series: 2005-2015 energy are not taken statistika/realny-sector- into account Reach: Completely ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- statistika/operativnye- Availability: high dannye_3/osnovnye-pokazateli- Interpretation. Yes kharakterizuyushchie-potreblenie-toplivno- energeticheskikh-resursov/ Transparency. Yes http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya- statistika/realny-sector-ekonomiki/energeticheskaya- English statistika/operativnye-dannye_3/toplivno-energeticheskie-resursy/ Http://www.belstat.gov.by/en/ofitsialnaya- Accuracy. No statistika/real-sector-of-the- economy/energy-statistics/annual- Sequence: High data_4/main-indicators-characterizing-the- consumption-of-energy- Resources /

Business-sector Available Department of Energy Efficiency Timeliness: 1 month A comparable investment in Gosstandart indicator. Periodicity: 1 year renewable Own funds of energy capacity, Time series: 2000-2015 enterprises in the total and as a Reach: Completely total amount of share of total financing for RES investment Availability: Low Interpretation. No Transparency. No 37

Statistic5 Availability* Source* Quality assessment* Comment* Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Public-sector Available Department of Energy Efficiency Timeliness: 1 month A comparable investment in Gosstandart indicator. Periodicity: 1 year renewable Budgetary funds in energy capacity Time series: 2000-2015 the total amount of (including Reach: Completely financing for RES subsidies), total and as a share Availability: Low of total Interpretation. No spending Transparency. No Accuracy. No Sequence: High

Unit cost of No - - - renewable generation by type (cost per megajoule)