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Graphics and Fonts: Titanic

Reading Passages The Birth of the Titanic

The plans to build the Titanic started in 1907. The director of the White Star Line, Bruce Ismay, and the director of the shipyard Harland and Wolff, William James Pirrie, decided to build three ships. These Olympic-class ships would have to be able to pass over the Atlantic Ocean with the speed of approximately 21 knots.

The first of the three ships built was the RMS Olympic which was launched on the 20th October 1910. Construction of the RMS Titanic began just before this on the 31st of March, 1909. The third ship was the HMHS Britannic, which was intended to enter service as a transatlantic passenger liner, was put to use as a hospital ship in 1915 during WW1. On the 21st November 1916, this ship was shaken by an explosion caused by a naval mine and floundered 55 minutes later.

The RMS Titanic was a Royal Mail Ship as it was also used for transporting overseas. At the time, it was the largest ship ever built and many people believed that it was unsinkable.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning The Size of the Titanic Due to the large size of the Titanic, it took 3, 000 men, two years to build. After it was launched on the 31st May 1911, it received its engines, funnels and interior.

The Titanic was:

! Length - 2693.06 meters, or 882 feet 9 inches ! Width - 28.19 meters, or 92 feet 6 inches ! Height (base of the keel to the top of the bridge)– 32 meters, or 104 feet ! Weighed over – 46, 328 tons ! Had ten decks – The Promenade Deck, the Bridge Deck, the Shelter Deck, the Saloon Deck, the Upper Deck, the Middle Deck, the Lower Deck, the Orlop Decks and the Tank Top. ! The Promenade Deck (exclusive for First Class Passengers), was 166 meters or 546 feet long. ! The interior was divided into 16 compartments, with each compartment divided by 15 bulkheads ! There were eleven watertight doors that could seal off the compartments ! There were four funnels on the deck, but only three worked. The fourth was installed to make the Titanic look more impressive. ! Cost $7.5 million dollars to build. ! It was built to carry 3,589 people

Onboard the Titanic was a post office, a heated swimming pool, two gyms, four elevators, two barber shops and two libraries.

It even had its own newspaper called, ‘The Atlantic Daily Bulletin.’ Printed in this newspaper were news articles, gossip, advertisements and the daily menu.

Most passengers had to share bathrooms, but in third class there was only two bathtubs that had to be shared by over 700 passengers.

14,000 gallons of water was used each day by the passengers and crew while on-board the Titanic. It also carried lots of food supplies, that were needed for meal times. There was 40,000 fresh eggs, 40 tons of potatoes, 1,000 loaves of bread and 250 barrels of flour.

Other items it carried were 57,600 pieces of crockery, 29,000 pieces of glassware and 44,000 pieces of cutlery.

To move the Titanic, it took more than 800 tons of coal each day.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning First Voyage There had been a lot of publicity about this ship and its dazzling chandeliers, lavish ballrooms and spectacular amenities, that people from all all over the continent clamoured to obtain a passage on the most luxurious ocean liner in the world. They thought they were going to experience the ultimate journey by sea in an unsinkable ship. For its first voyage, the Titanic was to sail from Southampton, England to New York City, USA. With 2,224 passengers and crew on board, the Titanic left England on the 10th of April 1912. There were only 16 normal life boats plus 4 collapsible life boats that would hold about 1,708 people. The White Star company knew they needed more, but didn’t want to clutter up the decks. There were three classes of passengers on board. There were 107 children, who were mainly traveling in third class. The richest man traveling on this ship was said to be Colonel John Jacob Astor IV. It is believed that he had a personal fortune between $90 and $150 million dollars, which would make him a billionaire a few times over today. The youngest person on board was a little girl, Millvina Dean, who was 2 months, 13 days old. The oldest person on board, was a man by the name of Mr Johan Svensson. He was 74 years, 10 months and 29 days old.

On April 14th 1912, four days into its journey, the unthinkable happened. Even after receiving multiple warnings alerting them to the amount of icebergs in the area, the Titanic did not slow down, but continued to travel into the darkness at top speed. At 11:40pm, when the ship was about 375 miles south of Newfoundland, the lookouts in the crows nest spotted an iceberg, though it was too late. If they had been able to find the binoculars, they may have been able to see if sooner. First Officer Murdoch ordered that the engines be reversed to try and stop the ship. The ship was also turned hard to starboard, to try and turn away from the iceberg. Even with all of this, the Titanic couldn’t completely avoid colliding with the iceberg in front of it. The iceberg punctured holes in the ship, and immediately the lower compartments began filling up with icy cold water.

An iceberg is a huge chunk of ice floating in the ocean. They are usually the size of houses or large buildings however, most of the iceberg is hidden under the water. Icebergs break off from glaciers, or large masses of slowly moving ice in a process called calving. Even though icebergs are large and heavy, they float in salt water, as ice is less dense, or lighter, than water. When icebergs reach water that is warm enough, they melt away. Each year thousands of icebergs form in the Arctic and Antarctica regions. After the loss of the Titanic, several nations worked together to establish the International Ice Patrol. Today there are patrols which warn ships about icebergs floating in the Atlantic shipping routes.

Captain Smith and Thomas Andrews, one of the designers of the Titanic, met on the bridge. They both knew something major was wrong, especially when they found out which compartments were damaged. Orders were given to prepare the lifeboats and the wireless operators were informed to send out distress signals, “CDQ”. None of the ships that answered were close enough to help. The ‘Carparthia’ was about 4 hours away and started heading in the direction of the Titanic. Rocket flares were also shot into the air. Captain Smith remained calm as he ordered everyone to put on their life jackets and prepare to leave the Titanic. The passengers didn’t see the seriousness of the situation, many didn’t want to put on their life jackets or go with the lifeboats. This took a lot of time and many lives were lost because of this.

It took almost an hour after hitting the iceberg for the first lifeboats full of people to be launched. There were not enough lifeboats on board for all the people aboard the Titanic, and most of the lifeboats were launched with nowhere near full to capacity. There was also a policy for women and children to board the life boats first. Over the next few hours, the Titanic continues to go down. The bow of ship begins to sink as the last lifeboats are lowered into the water. It is estimated that there were still about 1,500 people left standing on the sinking boat. Due to the weight of the ship, the Titanic then breaks in two. It sinks completely by about 2:20am on the 15th April 1912.

The RMS Carpathia was a passenger steamship built by Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson in England. The maiden voyage of the Carpathia was in May, 1903 when she made its journey from Liverpool, England to Boston, USA. She became famous for rescuing the survivors of the RMS Titanic after it hit an iceberg. The Carpathia was sailing from New York to Fiume, Austria when it received a distress signal from the Titanic. The ship was immediately set on course for the last known position of the Titanic and was set at maximum speed. It still took four hours to reach the Titanic. The Titanic had sunk by the time the Carpathia had arrived so she worked her way through the ice and took on board the survivors. During the First World War, the Carpathia was used to transfer Canadian and American troops to Europe. The Carpathia sank at 9:15 on the 17 July 1918 in the Celtic Sea. It had been torpedoed by an Imperial German Navy U-boat. One torpedo hit the port side while another hit the engine room. Apart from the five people who were killed by the torpedoes the rest of the passengers and crew boarded lifeboats and were rescued.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Survivors There were only 710 survivors. Over 1,500 people lost their lives, with a majority of these being the men, that weren’t allowed in the life boats. Most of these people died from hypothermia as the water temperature was cold that night. One of the lifeboats did turn back to try and pick up survivors, but it was too late. When the RMS Carpathia did arrive, it collected as many people as it could and carried them back to New York. It took the ship three days to reach New York as the journey was slowed down due to ice, fog, thunderstorms and rough seas. The news of the Titanic sinking had been relayed ahead, so when the Carpathia docked at New York, it was greeted by about 40,000 people. Immediate relief in the form of clothing, transportation and shelter, was provided to the passengers. This obviously led to a frenzy of press interest, with newspapers competing to be the first to report the survivors’ stories. It took another four days for a complete list of casualties to be compiled and released.

For years, many researchers and scientists tried to find the resting place of the Titanic. Although they had the ship’s last known location, they had no way of knowing how far the ship drifted in its final two hours before it sunk. Also, the ocean currents would also have caused it to drift while sinking the 2.3 miles to the ocean floor. It wasn’t until the 1st of September 1985, when Dr. Ballard and his team discovered the remains of the sunken ship, that the Titanic was seen again. The wreck was about 13.5 miles or 21.7 kilometers from its last reported location. The bow, the front of the ship, is almost 600 meters, or 1,970 feet, away from the stern, or the back of the ship. It currently remains over 2 and a half miles under the sea on the ocean floor.

Due to the loss of life and worldwide shock, the tragedy of the Titanic is often referred to as the ‘greatest maritime disaster in history.’ Due to this incident, there were major improvements in ship safety as well as the establishment of the International Ice Patrol.

There is also a great debate about whether or not, artefacts from the remains of the Titanic should be left where they are or brought up to the surface. Many people believe that the artefacts should be brought up from the ocean. These artefacts are being restored and conserved and used for research, education and put on public display. The wreck is also being destroyed by water and small organisms, which eventually will eat away at the wreck and nothing will be left but dust. Though, many people still believe the wreck should be left along as it is a gravesite and many of the artefacts being brought up are personal items. They believe it should remain as a permanent memorial on the ocean floor.

The Captain of the Titanic was Captain Edward John Smith. He was born on the 27th January 1850, in Staffordshire, England and died when the Titanic sank on the 15th April 1912. Edward Smith began his sailing apprenticeship on the Senator Weber. He joined the White Star Line in March 1880 as the Fourth Officer of the SS Celtic. In 1887, Smith received his first White Star command, the Republic and in 1888, he joined the Royal Naval Reserve. He sailed the Majestic ship for nine years, even transporting troops to Cape Colony during the Boer War. He gained a reputation and some passengers would only sail in a ship he captained. From 1904 onwards, he commanded the White Star Line’s newest ships on their maiden voyages. June 1911 was when incidents in the ships that Smith was commanding starting happening. While docking at Pier 59, The Olympic was being helped by twelve tugboats. One of these tugboats got caught in the backwash, spun around and collided with the Olympic getting trapped under the stern. 20th September 1911, the Olympic collided with HMS Hawke, a British warship. This left one of the Olympic propeller shafts twisted and compartments were filled with water. In 1912, the Olympic lost a propeller blade and had to return for repairs. These two incidents caused the Titanic's maiden voyage to be delayed. Finally on the 10th April 1912, Captain Edward John Smith got to command the Titanic.

Thomas Andrews, Jr was born on the 7th February 1873 in Comber, Ireland and died in the Titanic disaster on 15th April 1912. He was the nephew of Lord Pirrie, who was the principal owner of the company that built the Titanic - Harland & Wolff. At the age of 16, Andrews left school and became an apprentice at Harland & Wolff. He gradually worked his way up, eventually becoming the managing director of the company. He was in charge of designing. Mr Andrews sailed with a team of mechanics on the maiden voyages of the Adriatic, Oceanic and the Olympic to see how they operated and to recommend any improvements for future vessels, such as the Titanic which he helped design. He was also traveling on the maiden voyage of the Titanic for this reason too. He was always a popular man, assisting the crew with difficulties as they got to know the new ships. During the last hours aboard the Titanic, he encouraged the passengers to wear their lifebelts and make their way to the lifeboats.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Bruce Ismay Joseph Bruce Ismay was born on the 12th December 1862 in Crosy, Lancashire and died on the 17th October 1937. His father was the founder of the White Star Line and also a senior partner in the firm of Ismay, Imrie and Company. Bruce was an apprentice for Thomas Ismay’s office for four years before spending a year to tour the world. On his return, he was posted to New York where worked at the White Star Line office for a year. He was made partner in the firm of Ismay, Imrie and Company in 1981. In 1899, his father died and he became head of the business which thrived. Like Thomas Andrews, Bruce Ismay often accompanied his ships on their maiden voyages. Ismay was rescued from the Titanic in Collapsible C. At the inquiry after the Titanic sinking, Imsay said that all vessels of the International Mercantile Marine Company would be equipped with enough lifeboats for all passengers. After the Titanic disaster, Ismay was called a coward for not following the women and children first rule. He was criticised by the newspaper reporters. He kept a low profile, out of the public eye after this. He died in Mayfair, London after some health problems.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Unsinkable Molly Brown Margaret Brown (nee Tobin), also known as Molly, was born on 18th Ju l y , 1867 in Hannibal, Missouri and died on 26th October 1932 at the Barbizon Hotel in New York. She married James Joseph Brown before being involved in the establishment of the Colorado Chapter of the National American Women’s Suffrage Association. When a deep depression came in 1893, her husband came up with an idea to help the mine produce more gold for which he was awarded 12,500 shares of stock and a seat on the board. He eventually became one of the most successful mining men in the country. Margaret then went on to become a founding member of the Denver Woman’s Club, she raised funds to build the Cathedral of Immaculate Conception and the St. Joseph’s Hospital and help establish the first Juvenile Court in the country, all while studying literature, language and drama and raising her two children as well as her brothers three daughters. She also ran for the Senate position eight years before women had the right to vote, making her one of the first women in the United States to run for political office. She was traveling on the Titanic to visit a sick grandchild and this was when she became known as ‘The Unsinkable Molly Brown’ for the work she did during this time. After helping others onto lifeboats, she was forced into Lifeboat six, helping to row and encouraging them to return and search for survivors. When rescued by the Carpathia, she assisted the survivors and helped establish the Survivor’s Committee of which she was elected the Chair of this committee raising lots of money for destitute survivors. In the years that followed she used her fame as a Titanic survivor to promote issues that concerned her, including labour rights, women’s rights, education and literacy for children and more. During World War I she helped rebuild devastated areas behind the front line and helped wounded French and American soldiers. For this she was awarded the French Legion of Honour. During the last few years of her life she studied acting and drama.

Lucy Christiana Sutherland was born on the 13th June 1863 in London, England. She married at eighteen and had a daughter named Esme. The marriage didn’t last long, so to support herself and her daughter, she became a dressmaker. Her business was known as Maison Lucile. Cosmo Duff Gordon was an investor in her company, but they later married in 1900. She opened a shop in New York and began traveling between New York, London and Paris which was why she was on board the Titanic. The Duff Gordons boarded the Titanic in France and were on their way to New York to attend to urgent business. They were first class travelers on the Titanic. The Duff Gordons were rescued on lifeboat 1 which only had twelve people on it despite being able to hold forty people. The Duff Gordons were ridiculed by the media with their lifeboat being called a ‘money boat’ due to the fact that Lucy’s husband Cosmo had offered a bribe to the seven crew members that were on board the lifeboat. After Cosmo died in 1931, Lady Duff Gordon wrote her memoirs which she called ‘Discretions and Indiscretions’. She died on 21st April 1935 in London.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Elsie Doling Elsie Doling was born on 30th October 1893 in Southampton. She was traveling with her sister-in-law Ada Doling to New York on the Titanic as second class passengers. She married an Indian doctor, William St. Alban Hendricks on the 6th November 1920. They had four children together. Elsie died on the 3rd March 1972. Rose Abbott Rhoda (Rosa) May Abbott, born on the 14th Ja n u a r y 1 8 7 3 , dying on the 18th February 1946 was the only female passenger who went down with the sinking ship and survived. After separating from her former middleweight champion of England husband, she sewed to support herself and her two sons. She also was a soldier in the Salvation Army. They moved to England in August of 1911 to be closer to her mother but it didn’t take long for her sons to become homesick. She purchased third class tickets on the Titanic to return home. As the Titanic took the final plunge, Rhoda was swept from the deck, losing her boys. She managed to get into collapsible A but her two sons were lost. Her legs were badly damaged from the effects of the cold water. She spent many weeks in hospital and many months grieving her sons.

Many people were traveling On the 14th April 1912 at on the Titanic. 11:40pm, the Titanic hit an iceberg.

Some people were rescued It took 2 hours for the Titanic in lifeboats and eventually to sink picked up by the Carpathia.

Due to this tragic disaster many safety regulations for ships were changed to make them safer.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning 10 10 14 11 31 th 31 th th th st 10:55pm st 1.30pm April, 1912 April, 1912 April, 1912 April, 1912 May, 1911 12pm 6am 1909 1907 March, at at at Cherbourg, France, and Queenstown, The ideaThe of Titanic was conceived by evening. They warn Titanic the of the Ismay The TitanicThe starts maiden its voyage, Work began onbuilding Titanic the in surrounded by and ice, stops for the The TitanicThe was launched, spending the nextthe being months 10 fitted out. Titanic Timeline began boarding Titanic. the All the officers, except Captain Smith had Lord Pirrie leaving Southampton, venturing to the Harlandthe &Wolff shipyards in The firstThe of members crew the Wolff shipbuilders, and Bruce J. The TitanicThe leaves Queenstown, The CalifornianThe completely is , the director the , of White the Star spent the night the onboard.spent impending danger. Belfast, Ireland.Belfast, , chairman, of Harland & Ireland. Ireland. line. © Simple ©Living. Simple Creative Learning

Print out on cardstock. Cut out and laminate for durability. Use to match the times/dates with the events. 14 15 15 15 15 th th th th th 2:05am 2:20am 12:45am 11:40pm 12:15am April, 1912 April, 1912 April, 1912 April, 1912 April, 1912 at at at at at After breaking in two, the women and children to evacuated be the water,the iceberg the punctures the engines stoppedengines and reversed. Below Titanic’s bow begins to last sink the as less than aboard, 30 less although it could Captain damage the Smith and asses Fredrick Fleet sights an iceberg. First The firstThe lifeboat leaves ship with the of lifeboats the are lowered into the Officer Murdoch gives ‘hard the a Titanic Timeline water. estimated is It 1,500 people send the distress signal, ‘CDQ’. It is is signal, It distress ‘CDQ’. the send orders telegraph the operators to starboard’ order while having the lifeboats to prepared be and the estimated Titanic the will remain Orders were also given for the were still aboard ship. the afloat for only two hours. carry 65. bow. first. © Simple ©Living. Simple Creative Learning Titanic sinks. -

Print out on cardstock. Cut out and laminate for durability. Use to match the times/dates with the events. 1 st 15 15 15 September, th th th May, 1912 8:50am 2:20am 4:10am April, 1912 April, 1912 April, 1912 1985 at at at The wreckThe of Titanic the discovered is The CarpathiaThe leaves area the bound Coast Guard starts due to Titanic the disaster. Two vessels Navy US begin Titanic Timeline The firstThe lifeboat rescued is by the by Dr Robert Ballard and his team. The TitanicThe sinks. for New York. Carpathia. patrolling. © Simple ©Living. Simple Creative Learning

Print out on cardstock. Cut out and laminate for durability. Use to match the times/dates with the events. Titanic

Activities The Titanic

What I Know

What I Want to Learn

What I have Learned

Beginning

Middle

End

What was the RMS Titanic? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Who decided to build the RMS Titanic? !!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

When did construction begin on the RMS Titanic? !!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Who were the three ships in the Olympic-class? !!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

How did the HMHS Britannic sink? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The Titanic was a massive ship. Write some facts about its size in each of the circles below.

The Titanic left Southampton, England sailing for New York, America. It travelled across the Atlantic Ocean. Draw this route on the map below.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Icebergs Research icebergs and answer the questions. How do seals and polar bears use icebergs? What percentage of an iceberg is !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! above the water? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!

What percentage of an iceberg is below the water?

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Why are icebergs dangerous to ships? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Titanic Timeline Write sentences to describe each picture. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Effect: Effect:

In 1836, American artist Samuel F. B. Morse, the American physicist Joseph Henry and Alfred Vail worked together to develop an electrical telegraph system which sent pulses of electric current along wires which controlled an electromagnet at the receiving end of the system. A code with silence between these pulses was needed and Morse went on to develop that code. This code allowed operators to translate the indentations marked on paper into text messages. In the earliest code, only numerals were used. This was then expanded by Alfred Vail to include letters and special characters. The shorter mark were called dots and the longer ones were called dashes. When this code was adapted to radio communication the dots and dashes were sent as short and long pulses. People were taught to hear this code as it was easier than learning to read it from a page. Can you decipher these Morse Code Messages? _ .. _ ._ _. .. _._.

_ ._. ._ _ _. .. _._.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Morse Code The Morse Code was used on the Titanic as a way of sending messages. It is made up of dots and dashes. A . _ N _ . B _ . . . O _ _ _ C _ . _ . P . _ _ . D _ . . Q _ _ . _ E . R . _ . F . . _ . S . . . G _ _ . T _ H . . . . U . . _ I . . V . . . _ J . _ _ _ W . _ _ K _ . _ X _ . . _ L . _ . . Y _ . _ _ M _ _ Z _ _ . . © Simple Living. Creative Learning April 1912 Calendar

Add these events onto the calendar.

Wednesday 10 April - Titanic leaves Southampton Sunday 14 April - Titanic hits iceberg Monday 15 April - Titanic sinks Thursday 18 April - Carpathia arrives in New York

Sunday Monday Tu e s d a y Wedn es da y Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28 29 30

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Titanic Timeline Draw these times on the clock faces. Clock 1 12:00pm Clock 7 12:25am Clock 2 1:30pm Clock 8 2:05am Clock 3 6:30pm Clock 9 2:20am Clock 4 11:40pm Clock 10 4:10am Clock 5 12:00am Clock 11 8:50am Clock 6 12:05am Clock 12 9:00pm

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

Passenger’s Full Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Date of Birth: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Age on the Titanic: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Class on the Titanic: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Occupation: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Other they were traveling with: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Reason for traveling: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Survived? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Lifeboat Number: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Fascinating Information: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: 10th April 1912 Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: 10th April 1912 Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!" Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

Class: 1st 2nd 3rd Class: 1st 2nd 3rd

White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: !! April 1912 Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: !!"April 1912 Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!" Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

Class: 1st 2nd 3rd Class: 1st 2nd 3rd

White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: !! April 1912 Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: !! April 1912 Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!" Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

Class: 1st 2nd 3rd Class: 1st 2nd 3rd

White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! White Star Line Ticket # !!!!!!! Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Passenger Ticket For RMS Titanic Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: !! April 1912 Sailing from !!!!!!!!!!!: !! April 1912 Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Passenger Name: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!" Age: !!!!!! From: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

Class: 1st 2nd 3rd Class: 1st 2nd 3rd

Why we should conserve and restore the artefacts?

Why we should leave the artefacts alone?

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Titanic Word Search S B I O G D V R D S O T I T A N I C G G U D L I F E B O A T T D K B F J T L U T H S C A E V R L Y E A H H F J F D I E S M I D U K N U S S R P P S N O T H I R E T I F N P R D O H G O C A P T A I N F N N E S D H G N C S E S B W R Y I C D R S I E I G O C E A N S T R U R T J D G K A R G T K B R O K E P

TITANIC COLLISION CAPTAIN ICEBERG SUNK TRAGIC PASSENGERS OCEAN LIFEBOAT SOUTHAMPTON BROKE SHIP © Simple Living. Creative Learning Titanic Question Cards

The Titanic had two sister ships. Where was the What are their Titanic built? names?

What were the When was the three classes of Titanic wreck passengers on discovered? board the Titanic?

Why did it take Why did the so long for Titanic break in people in the half while lifeboats to be sinking? rescued?

Most people who died from the When did the Titanic disaster, Titanic start its died from? first voyage?

How many Why were passengers women and were on board children allowed the Titanic? into the lifeboats first?

Why were the lifeboats sent How long is the out so empty? Titanic?

How many What was the bathtubs were name of the available for use by ship that picked the third class up the passengers? survivors?

What was the Who was the name of the ship captain of the that warned the Titanic? Titanic of icebergs?

Why didn’t the How long did it Titanic hit the take for the iceberg head Titanic to sink? on?

Why didn’t the lookout officers Who was see the iceberg Margaret until it was Brown? so close?

In which ocean Where was the did the Titanic Titanic heading? sink?

Why did some What does RMS people believe stand for? the Titanic to be unsinkable?

What was the What is a Titanic’s maiden newspaper voyage? called?

What would have Who was Bruce been the fate of Ismay? the Titanic had it hit the iceberg head on?

Name one thing What does that changed due founder mean? to the sinking of the Titanic?

Alternative Spelling Pages The Size of the Titanic Due to the large size of the Titanic, it took 3, 000 men, two years to build. After it was launched on the 31st May 1911, it received its engines, funnels and interior.

The Titanic was:

! Length - 2693.06 metres, or 882 feet 9 inches ! Width - 28.19 metres, or 92 feet 6 inches ! Height (base of the keel to the top of the bridge)– 32 metres, or 104 feet ! Weighed over – 46, 328 tons ! Had ten decks – The Promenade Deck, the Bridge Deck, the Shelter Deck, the Saloon Deck, the Upper Deck, the Middle Deck, the Lower Deck, the Orlop Decks and the Tank Top. ! The Promenade Deck (exclusive for First Class Passengers), was 166 metres or 546 feet long. ! The interior was divided into 16 compartments, with each compartment divided by 15 bulkheads ! There were eleven watertight doors that could seal off the compartments ! There were four funnels on the deck, but only three worked. The fourth was installed to make the Titanic look more impressive. ! Cost $7.5 million dollars to build. ! It was built to carry 3,589 people

© Simple Living. Creative Learning First Voyage There had been a lot of publicity about this ship and its dazzling chandeliers, lavish ballrooms and spectacular amenities, that people from all all over the continent clamoured to obtain a passage on the most luxurious ocean liner in the world. They thought they were going to experience the ultimate journey by sea in an unsinkable ship. For its first voyage, the Titanic was to sail from Southampton, England to New York City, USA. With 2,224 passengers and crew on board, the Titanic left England on the 10th of April 1912. There were only 16 normal life boats plus 4 collapsible life boats that would hold about 1,708 people. The White Star company knew they needed more, but didn’t want to clutter up the decks. There were three classes of passengers on board. There were 107 children, who were mainly travelling in third class. The richest man travelling on this ship was said to be Colonel John Jacob Astor IV. It is believed that he had a personal fortune between $90 and $150 million dollars, which would make him a billionaire a few times over today. The youngest person on board was a little girl, Millvina Dean, who was 2 months, 13 days old. The oldest person on board, was a man by the name of Mr Johan Svensson. He was 74 years, 10 months and 29 days old.

For years, many researchers and scientists tried to find the resting place of the Titanic. Although they had the ship’s last known location, they had no way of knowing how far the ship drifted in its final two hours before it sunk. Also, the ocean currents would also have caused it to drift while sinking the 2.3 miles to the ocean floor. It wasn’t until the 1st of September 1985, when Dr. Ballard and his team discovered the remains of the sunken ship, that the Titanic was seen again. The wreck was about 13.5 miles or 21.7 kilometres from its last reported location. The bow, the front of the ship, is almost 600 metres, or 1,970 feet, away from the stern, or the back of the ship. It currently remains over 2 and a half miles under the sea on the ocean floor.

There is also a great debate about whether or not, artifacts from the remains of the Titanic should be left where they are or brought up to the surface. Many people believe that the artifacts should be brought up from the ocean. These artifacts are being restored and conserved and used for research, education and put on public display. The wreck is also being destroyed by water and small organisms, which eventually will eat away at the wreck and nothing will be left but dust. Though, many people still believe the wreck should be left along as it is a gravesite and many of the artifacts being brought up are personal items. They believe it should remain as a permanent memorial on the ocean floor.

Thomas Andrews, Jr was born on the 7th February 1873 in Comber, Ireland and died in the Titanic disaster on 15th April 1912. He was the nephew of Lord Pirrie, who was the principal owner of the company that built the Titanic - Harland & Wolff. At the age of 16, Andrews left school and became an apprentice at Harland & Wolff. He gradually worked his way up, eventually becoming the managing director of the company. He was in charge of designing. Mr Andrews sailed with a team of mechanics on the maiden voyages of the Adriatic, Oceanic and the Olympic to see how they operated and to recommend any improvements for future vessels, such as the Titanic which he helped design. He was also travelling on the maiden voyage of the Titanic for this reason too. He was always a popular man, assisting the crew with difficulties as they got to know the new ships. During the last hours aboard the Titanic, he encouraged the passengers to wear their lifebelts and make their way to the lifeboats.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Unsinkable Molly Brown Margaret Brown (nee Tobin), also known as Molly, was born on 18th Ju l y , 1867 in Hannibal, Missouri and died on 26th October 1932 at the Barbizon Hotel in New York. She married James Joseph Brown before being involved in the establishment of the Colorado Chapter of the National American Women’s Suffrage Association. When a deep depression came in 1893, her husband came up with an idea to help the mine produce more gold for which he was awarded 12,500 shares of stock and a seat on the board. He eventually became one of the most successful mining men in the country. Margaret then went on to become a founding member of the Denver Woman’s Club, she raised funds to build the Cathedral of Immaculate Conception and the St. Joseph’s Hospital and help establish the first Juvenile Court in the country, all while studying literature, language and drama and raising her two children as well as her brothers three daughters. She also ran for the Senate position eight years before women had the right to vote, making her one of the first women in the United States to run for political office. She was travelling on the Titanic to visit a sick grandchild and this was when she became known as ‘The Unsinkable Molly Brown’ for the work she did during this time. After helping others onto lifeboats, she was forced into Lifeboat six, helping to row and encouraging them to return and search for survivors. When rescued by the Carpathia, she assisted the survivors and helped establish the Survivor’s Committee of which she was elected the Chair of this committee raising lots of money for destitute survivors. In the years that followed she used her fame as a Titanic survivor to promote issues that concerned her, including labour rights, women’s rights, education and literacy for children and more. During World War I she helped rebuild devastated areas behind the front line and helped wounded French and American soldiers. For this she was awarded the French Legion of Honour. During the last few years of her life she studied acting and drama.

Lucy Christiana Sutherland was born on the 13th June 1863 in London, England. She married at eighteen and had a daughter named Esme. The marriage didn’t last long, so to support herself and her daughter, she became a dressmaker. Her business was known as Maison Lucile. Cosmo Duff Gordon was an investor in her company, but they later married in 1900. She opened a shop in New York and began travelling between New York, London and Paris which was why she was on board the Titanic. The Duff Gordons boarded the Titanic in France and were on their way to New York to attend to urgent business. They were first class travellers on the Titanic. The Duff Gordons were rescued on lifeboat 1 which only had twelve people on it despite being able to hold forty people. The Duff Gordons were ridiculed by the media with their lifeboat being called a ‘money boat’ due to the fact that Lucy’s husband Cosmo had offered a bribe to the seven crew members that were on board the lifeboat. After Cosmo died in 1931, Lady Duff Gordon wrote her memoirs which she called ‘Discretions and Indiscretions’. She died on 21st April 1935 in London.

© Simple Living. Creative Learning Elsie Doling Elsie Doling was born on 30th October 1893 in Southampton. She was travelling with her sister-in-law Ada Doling to New York on the Titanic as second class passengers. She married an Indian doctor, William St. Alban Hendricks on the 6th November 1920. They had four children together. Elsie died on the 3rd March 1972. Rose Abbott Rhoda (Rosa) May Abbott, born on the 14th Ja n u a r y 1 8 7 3 , dying on the 18th February 1946 was the only female passenger who went down with the sinking ship and survived. After separating from her former middleweight champion of England husband, she sewed to support herself and her two sons. She also was a soldier in the Salvation Army. They moved to England in August of 1911 to be closer to her mother but it didn’t take long for her sons to become homesick. She purchased third class tickets on the Titanic to return home. As the Titanic took the final plunge, Rhoda was swept from the deck, losing her boys. She managed to get into collapsible A but her two sons were lost. Her legs were badly damaged from the effects of the cold water. She spent many weeks in hospital and many months grieving her sons.

Many people were travelling On the 14th April 1912 at on the Titanic. 11:40pm, the Titanic hit an iceberg.

Some people were rescued It took 2 hours for the Titanic in lifeboats and eventually to sink picked up by the Carpathia.

Why we should conserve and restore the artifacts?

Why we should leave the artifacts alone?

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