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NUREG-2179, Volume 2, "Environmental Impact Statement

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NUREG-2179, Volume 2, NUREG-2179, Vol. 2 Environmental Impact Statement for the Combined License (COL) for the Bell Bend Nuclear Power Plant Final Report Chapters 9 to 12 Appendices A to N U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of New Reactors Washington, DC 20555-0001 Regulatory Branch Baltimore District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers State College, PA 16801 NUREG-2179, Vol. 2 Environmental Impact Statement for the Combined License (COL) for the Bell Bend Nuclear Power Plant Final Report Chapters 9 to 12 Appendices A to N Manuscript Completed: March 2016 Date Published: April 2016 Division of New Reactor Licensing Office of New Reactors U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555-0001 Regulatory Division Baltimore District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers State College, PA 16801 Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Combined License (COL) for the Bell Bend Nuclear Power Plant Lead Agency: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cooperating Agency: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Baltimore District Contact: Tomeka Terry, Environmental Project Manager Environmental Projects Branch Division of New Reactor Licensing Office of New Reactors U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555-0001 Telephone: 301-415-1488 e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This environmental impact statement (EIS) has been prepared in response to an application submitted on October 10, 2008 to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) by PPL Bell Bend, LLC (PPL) for a combined construction permit and operating license (combined license or COL). PPL notified the NRC of changes in its power generation business by letter dated May 12, 2015 (NRC Accession No. ML15146A095). PPL Bell Bend, LLC was renamed Bell Bend, LLC, and Bell Bend, LLC became a generation affiliate of Talen Energy Corporation (Talen Energy). The transaction became official on June 1, 2015. For purposes of this review, the abbreviation “PPL” will still be used to indicate the applicant. Bell Bend, LLC, under Talen Energy, is the applicant. The proposed actions related to the application are (1) NRC issuance of a COL for a new power reactor unit at the Bell Bend Nuclear Power Plant (BBNPP) site in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, and (2) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) decision to issue, deny, or issue with modifications a Department of the Army (DA) permit to perform certain dredge and fill activities in waters of the United States and to construct structures in navigable waters of the United States related to the project. The NRC, contractors, and USACE make up the review team. This EIS documents the review team’s analysis, which considers and weighs the environmental impacts of constructing and operating one new nuclear unit at the BBNPP site and at alternative sites, including measures potentially available for reducing or avoiding adverse impacts. The EIS includes the evaluation of the proposed action’s impacts of construction and operation of BBNPP on waters of the United States pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and on navigable waters of the United States pursuant to Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Appropriation Act of 1899. The USACE will base its evaluation of PPL’s permit application on the requirements of USACE regulations, the Clean Water Act Section 404(b)(1) Guidelines, and the USACE public interest review process. After considering the environmental aspects of the proposed action before the NRC, the NRC staff’s recommendation to the Commission is that the COL be issued as proposed. This recommendation is based on (1) the application, including the environmental report (ER), submitted by PPL; (2) consultation with Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies; (3) the review April 2016 iii NUREG–2179 team’s independent review; (4) the consideration of public scoping comments; and (5) the assessments summarized in this EIS, including the potential mitigation measures identified in the ER and this EIS. NUREG-2179 has been reproduced from the best available copy. NUREG–2179 iv April 2016 CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. iii CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................. v FIGURES .................................................................................................................................... xxi TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... xxv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... xxxi ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...................................................................................... xliii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Background .............................................................................................................. 1-2 1.1.1 Application and Review ................................................................................ 1-2 1.1.1.1 NRC COL Application Review ....................................................... 1-2 1.1.1.2 USACE Permit Application Review ................................................ 1-4 1.1.2 Preconstruction Activities ............................................................................. 1-6 1.1.3 Cooperating Agencies .................................................................................. 1-6 1.1.4 Concurrent NRC Reviews ............................................................................ 1-8 1.2 The Proposed Federal Actions ................................................................................. 1-8 1.3 The Purpose and Need for the Proposed Action ...................................................... 1-9 1.3.1 NRC’s Proposed Action ................................................................................ 1-9 1.3.2 The USACE Permit Action ............................................................................ 1-9 1.4 Alternatives to the Proposed Action ....................................................................... 1-10 1.5 Compliance and Consultations ............................................................................... 1-11 1.6 Report Contents ..................................................................................................... 1-11 2.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Site Location ............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Land Use .................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2.1 The Site and Vicinity ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2.2 Transmission-Line Corridors and Offsite Areas .......................................... 2-14 2.2.2.1 Transmission-Line Corridors ........................................................ 2-14 2.2.2.2 Consumptive-Water-Use Mitigation and Passby Flow Requirements .............................................................................. 2-16 2.2.3 The Region ................................................................................................. 2-19 2.3 Water ...................................................................................................................... 2-22 2.3.1 Hydrology ................................................................................................... 2-22 2.3.1.1 Surface-Water Hydrology ............................................................ 2-23 2.3.1.2 Groundwater Hydrology ............................................................... 2-34 2.3.2 Water Use ................................................................................................... 2-44 2.3.2.1 Surface-Water Use ...................................................................... 2-45 April 2016 v NUREG–2179 Contents 2.3.2.2 Groundwater Use ......................................................................... 2-48 2.3.3 Water Quality .............................................................................................. 2-49 2.3.3.1 Surface-Water Quality ................................................................. 2-49 2.3.3.2 Groundwater Quality .................................................................... 2-52 2.3.4 Water Monitoring ........................................................................................ 2-53 2.3.4.1 Surface-Water Monitoring ............................................................ 2-53 2.3.4.2 Groundwater Monitoring .............................................................. 2-54 2.4 Ecology ................................................................................................................... 2-54 2.4.1 Terrestrial and Wetland Ecology ................................................................ 2-54 2.4.1.1 Terrestrial Resources – Site and Vicinity ..................................... 2-55 2.4.1.2 Terrestrial Resources – Offsite Areas .......................................... 2-75 2.4.1.3 Important Species and Habitats ................................................... 2-82 2.4.1.4 Monitoring .................................................................................
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