constructive solutions

FOSROC - Grandstands and Stadia WELCOME TO FOSROC

Fosroc worldwide

Fosroc has over 70 years experience of supplying specialist chemicals to the construction industry.

In 1991 Fosroc merged with Expandite, another successful company, which was established in 1934. The two companies combined to become one of the largest suppliers of construction chemicals in the world.

Service support

We at Fosroc pride ourselves on being able to offer one of the widest ranges of construction chemical products available. Our full product range includes: Concrete admixtures Concrete repair mortars Corrosion control Grouts & anchors Joint sealants Protective coatings Road maintenance Waterproofing membranes Waterstops-hydrophilic and PVC

On-site support Internationally and locally, Fosroc has a reputation for quality and expertise. UK based Specification Managers and Area Sales Managers offer site visits where required to help solve problems, check applications and product performance.

CAD Fosroc’s experienced CAD detailing centre can produce standard and non-standard technical drawings, giving you peace of mind when designing your structure.

Specification service We offer direct assistance with specifications for individual projects. We can visit your site or office, arrange a meeting at our HQ in Staffordshire, or provide you with written specifications for Fosroc products in NBS format.

Technical helpline Fosroc’s technical helpline is manned by an experienced team, committed to solving construction problems. Whatever technical enquiries you may have, contact us for a fast and effective service.

01827 262222 [email protected] www.fosroc.com Proven products in stadium construction Contents

Fosroc has been heavily involved in stadium construction for more than 20 Emirates Stadium, 4 years. Wherever a new stadium has been built in the UK, the chances are Arsenal FC that Fosroc products have been used during its construction. Whether it’s sealing joints in concrete terracing, or anchoring stanchions and , 5 base plates, Fosroc has a solution for a variety of applications involved in London stadia development. Royal Grandstand, 6 Joint Sealants Ascot Fosroc joint sealants have been used in many top-class sporting venues including Wembley Stadium, Twickenham and The Oval. Our Nitoseal MS300 one-part joint sealant has been extensively used for sealing the Millennium Dome 8 movement joints between concrete terracing sections typically used in stadia. (O2 Arena), London Its high modulus and excellent MAF (movement accomodation factor) makes Nitoseal MS300 a ‘best-in-class’ product for this application. Ricoh Arena, 9 Flamex S one-part fire-rated sealant has exceptional fire-resistant properties, Coventry tested to BS 476 Part 22:1987 standard, achieving up to a 4-hour fire-rating. Flamex S is typically used in conjunction with Nitoseal MS300 to give Telstra Stadium, 10 maximum fire protection to grandstands, particularly beneath terracing. Sydney, Australia Fosroc’s two-part polysulphide floor sealant Thioflex 600 also has an impressive track record in stadium construction, being used to seal floor joints Further project 11 in St. Mary’s stadium and Upton Park. references

Nitoseal MS100 facade sealant is perfect for joints around concrete, brick, masonry, windows, doors and cladding, giving a non-staining professional finish to grandstands at Ascot Racecourse and Worcestershire County Cricket Club. Combined with Nitoseal MS50 general purpose sealant and our extensive range of construction joint sealants, Fosroc has the complete package for any stadium development. 3

Grouts & Anchors Fosroc’s world famous Conbextra range of grouts have been used in the development of Wembley Stadium for grouting in stanchions and base plates, while Lokfix resin anchor grout is ideal for anchoring bolts into concrete.

Flooring Cemtop floor levelling compound has been used at Ascot to provide a robust, high quality underlayment to concrete flooring in and around the grandstand, with Nitobond SBR bonding agent used in the screed flooring on the same project.

Waterproofing Fosroc’s extensive range of waterproofing products provide maximum waterproofing protection to your stadium structure. Proofex Engage waterproofing membrane was used to protect basement retaining walls at the Ricoh Arena, and Supercast SW waterstops were even used at the Telstra Stadium in Sydney, Australia.

This brochure is merely a snapshot of Fosroc’s involvement in stadia construction in the UK and beyond. Working closely with engineers and contractors, Fosroc has developed comprehensive solutions for major sporting arenas, providing first class service and technical support.

In addition to our product range, our commitment to innovation and service is a key part of the solution, helping you get the best out of your project and enabling you to deliver world- class stadia every time.

constructive solutions Emirates Stadium - Arsenal FC

Date: 2004-2006

Products: Nitoseal MS300 Flamex S Nitoflor Cureseal

Architect: HOK Sport

Contractor: Sir Robert McApline

Applicator: Fastglobe Ltd

Value: £390m

In February 2004, Sir Robert McAlpine began the construction of a brand new 60,000 capacity stadium for Arsenal football club. In July 2006 the stadium at Ashburton Grove, North London opened as the Emirates Stadium two weeks ahead of schedule and within budget.

Fosroc’s role in the project was to supply joint sealant for the terracing throughout the stadium. Working closely with the contractor and sealant applicator, Fosroc delivered a solution using its suite of high performace construction sealants.

Movement joints in the huge precast units that make up the terracing were sealed with 15,000m of Nitoseal MS300. Following this, 60,000m of Flamex S fire-rated sealant was applied to the Nitoseal MS300 terracing joints to give fire resistance. Products were applied to the terrace units High performance, one-part by specialist sealant applicator Fastglobe floor joint sealant Ltd. Advantages Nitoseal MS300 is particularly suitable for this application due to it’s high modulus and Suitable for saw cut and excellent movement accomodation factor perimeter joints (Butt joints 25%, lap joints 50%). It is also an acoustic sealant, Cures to a tough seal reducing noise ingress beneath the terracing and in hospitality Abrasion resistant areas. Withstands vehicular traffic

As a one-part primerless sealant, Single component Nitoseal MS300 can be applied very quickly, with a significantly Fast rate of cure faster application time than a two- part product. Nitoseal MS300 can Easy to apply at low temperature accept foot traffic after 24 hours and heavy traffic after 4 days, meaning that time on Can be applied to damp site can be minimised. substrates Primerless for most applications Working together, Fosroc and Fastglobe delivered a solution allowing the construction of this magnificent stadium to continue on time and within budget. Wembley Stadium - London

Date: 2002 - 2007

Products: Flamex S Flamex 2 Conbextra GP

Architect: Foster & Partners / HOK Sport

Contractor: Multiplex

Applicator: Fastglobe

Value: £757M

Copyright NIGEL YOUNG/Foster + Partners

In 2002, the old Wembley Stadium was demolished to make way for the development of a magnificent new 90,000-seater state-of-the-art stadium unlike any other in the world.

Designed by World Stadium Team (Foster & Partners and HOK Sport) and built by main contractors Multiplex, the new Wembley is the home of English Flamex S 5 football and is capable of hosting large events including athletics and music concerts. One-part fire-rated silicone sealant The stadium encloses an area of 4,000,000m3 inside the walls and beneath the roof and required 90,000m3 of concrete to construct. Fosroc’s involvement Advantages in the project was to provide fire-rated joint sealant for the concrete terracing units. Specialist sealant applicators Fastglobe applied 80,000m of Flamex S Up to 4 hour fire rating fire-rated sealant to the horizontal and vertical joints of the terracing, with a further 20,000m of Flamex 2 intumescent sealant. Tested to BS 476 Part 22:1987 (ISO 834) Flamex S is a one-part fire rated silicone sealant that has a 4-hour fire rating tested to BS 476 Part 22:1987. Flamex 2 is a two- Prevents passage of smoke part intumescent polysulphide sealant tested to through joints BS476 Part20:1987, providing fire insulation of up to Acts as acoustic sealant 4 hours. Quick and easy to apply This means that in accordance with Health and Safety best practice, joints in the terracing would resist fire for up to four hours, helping maintain structure integrity and allowing plenty of time for evacuation.

Copyright NIGEL YOUNG/Foster + Fosroc’s Conbextra GP cemetitious grout Partners was also used during the construction. Conbextra GP was used to grout in steel base plates beneath the stadia frame and also to grout in handrails. Royal Grandstand - Ascot Racecourse

The project

March 2005 saw the beginning of construction on the £200m redevelopment of Ascot racecourse. The project, undertaken by architect HOK Sport and main contractor Laing O’Rourke was one of the most ambitious of its kind in Europe.

The centrepiece of the project is a 45,000 capacity grandstand including an internal naturally lit galleria, with a new parade ring behind the main stands.

The challenge

With a re-opening scheduled for May 27th 2006, speed of application and reducing time on site was critical. With this in mind, a prefabricated modular structure was chosen to increase the pace of construction. Fosroc products were used extensively throughout the construction of the new 45,000 capacity grandstand at Ascot Racecourse

At 350 metres long and 40 metres The solution part fire rated silicone sealant. deep, the new grandstand holds Flamex S is fire rated up to 4 hours 45,000 people, including 300 private Joint sealants resistance, tested to BS476 Part boxes. As a result, the terracing and As per the specification, the 22:1987 (ISO 834). public concourse requires a robust grandstand terracing and parade ring sealant to accommodate high volume was sealed with Fosroc’s Nitoseal In addition, 5000 linear metres of foot trafficking. MS300 one part joint sealant. Thioflex 600 two-part polysulphide sealant was applied to the MS300 was specified for the Around 10,000 linear metres of trackside concourse to ensure a project due to its high modulus and Nitoseal MS300 was applied as part robust watertight seal and minimise excellent movement capacity across of a double seal. Joint sizes were the possiblity of cracking. variable joint sizes. 20mm x 20mm typically 20mm x 20mm. joints were standard along terracing, Sealants were applied by with varying joint sizes for boxes and Because of its high modulus and subcontractors Specialist Jointing other precast. movement capacity, Nitoseal MS300 Services Ltd (SJS). was used for all trafficked joints on In addition, construction joints were the concrete terracing to ensure a required to have a minimum 2 hours robust, watertight seal. fire resistance in accordance with BS 476 Part 22: 1987 (ISO 834). In order to meet fire-resistance requirements, joints were then double sealed with Fosroc’s Flamex S one-

Nitoseal MS300 on horizontal terracing joints

Nitoseal MS300 on vertical terracing joints

The new parade ring was sealed using Nitoseal MS300 Flooring Date: Mar 2005 - As well as sealants, Fosroc supplied May 2006 Nitobond SBR for the screed flooring in the main grandstand structure. Products: Nitoseal MS300 The flooring in the toilet facilities was Nitoseal MS100 also treated with Fosroc products. Flamex S Again, Nitobond SBR was used, with Thioflex 600 PG the cured concrete being topped off Nitobond SBR with Cemtop. Cemtop Conbextra BB Each of the eight 12m x 4m toilet facilities were given a 10mm Architect: HOK Sport thick coating of Cemtop in order to provide a level heavy duty Contractor: Laing O’Rourke underlay that could withstand Nitobond SBR was used in the screed flooring at Ascot continuous foot traffic and damp conditions. Applicator: SJS Ltd

Cemtop was also used to level the Value: £200M surface of the main concourse where puddling had occured during construction.

Underpass construction Away from the main grandstand, Fosroc products were used in another major redevelopment.

The Ascot race track was previously crossed by two roads. This was seen as a major flaw with the old track as horses were not comfortable running over the artificial turf that was laid Thioflex 600 7 across them on race days. Conbextra BB was used to construct the track underpass

To solve this, two underpasses were Two-component been constructed to conceal the roads. Fosroc’s Conbextra BB polysulphide sealant cementitious bridge bearing grout was The results used in the construction of the Advantages underpasses supporting the new The £200m Ascot redevelopment Excellent movement accomodation track. These were constructed with was successfully completed in May retaining walls and capped with 2006, with the Royal Ascot race Excellent adhesion to most reinforced concrete decks, over which meeting returning to the Berkshire common substrates including an uninterrupted track of turf was laid. racecourse in June 2006. concrete, glass, aluminium and steel

Cures to a tough seal

Abrasion resistant

Available in pouring and gun grades

Exceptional 50-year track record

The Fosroc-sponsored jockey John Egan races home to a win on Les Arcs at Ascot in 2006. Millennium Dome (O2 Arena) - London

The Millennium Dome was Date: 2004-2007 constructed in 1997. The world’s biggest dome Products: Nitoseal MS300 structure, it was built on Flamex S the Greenwich Meridian to Nitobond AR celebrate the beginning of Dekguard Clear Nitoflor Lithurin a new century in 2000. Contractor: Sir Robert Since then, the Dome lay McAlpine idle, waiting for someone to turn it into a leading Architect: HOK Sport venue once more. Applicator: Structual In 2002 AEG Europe acquired the Dome and with it commenced plans to turn it Sealants Ltd / into The O2 Arena, a state-of-the-art venue designed for holding major music, S Lucas / MacNichols entertainment and sporting events. Value: £135M The Dome is scheduled to re-open as the O2 Arena in July 2007. Fosroc has supplied sealant and coating materials for project following the successful testing of our acoustic sealants. With a large residential area surrounding The O2 Arena, concerns were raised regarding noise pollution coming from the venue. As a result Fosroc decided to have testing carried out on Nitoseal MS300 and Flamex S to ensure their acoustic properties would meet the requirements for the job and help contain the sounds generated in the venue. Testing was carried out at SRL's Laboratory in, Sudbury, Suffolk, in accordance with BS EN ISO 140- 3:1995 and confirmed the product’s sound reduction index.

The success of the tests led to applicator Structural Sealants Ltd being employed to apply both Nitoseal MS300 and Flamex S to The O2 structure. They have also spray applied Nitobond AR, supplied in 1000 litre IBCs for use as a dustproofer. Nitoseal MS300 is also being applied in the external Millenium Nitoseal acoustic sealants Square by McNicholas.

In addition to the sealants, Fosroc coatings were applied by S Lucas with Fosroc’s Nitoseal range of 3,000m2 of Dekguard Clear used on internal areas and 12,000m2 of Nitoflor acoustic joint sealants Lithurin on the floors of plant rooms and external areas. includes: The flexible frame of The O2 Arena means a bespoke capacity can be set for up MS50 - general purpose sealant to 23,000 people. It is surrounded by a purpose-built street, which wraps around MS100 - facade sealant the complex and will contain a 2,000 capacity Live Music Club, 11 screen cinema, exhibition and theatre spaces as well as bars and MS300 - floor sealant restaurants. Across its range of venues The O2 will stage a broad range of music, entertainment and Our Nitoseal MS range of joint sealants sporting events. An Olympic have been tested to BS EN ISO 140- Venue in 2012, The O2 Arena 3:1995 and BS EN ISO 717-1:1997 will host the Gymnastics and standards by SRL limited and are Basketball finals, whilst in 2009 it certified acoustic sealants. will play host to the Artistic Nitoseal MS50, MS100 and MS300 all Gymnastics World insulate against airbourne sound, Championships. making them ideal for concert venues or areas of stadia where sound ingress is Paul Samuels, Head of to be minimised. Sponsorship at O2, has described The O2 Arena as "one of the most technologically advanced venues of its kind."

It is appropriate that Fosroc's technology has contributed to this. Ricoh Arena - Coventry City FC

Date: 2003-2005

Products: Proofex Engage Proofex 4000R Supercast SW20 Nitoseal MS300 Nitoseal MS50 Flamex S

Architect: RHWL

Contractor: Laing O’Rourke

Applicator: D.J.T. Mastics

Value: £113M

In 2003 approval was given by Coventry City Council for the £113 million Ricoh Arena Development. Contractors Laing O’Rourke was awarded the ambitious project, which included a 32,000 seater football stadium, a 6000m2 exhibition hall, a fitness complex, casino, community facilities and overnight accomodation.

The 82-week project was scheduled to be completed in time for the kick off to Coventry City FC’s 2005/2006 season, therefore time was a critical factor in the project. Fosroc’s role in the development of the stadium was supplying waterproofing products for the stadia substructure and also the joint sealant Proofex Engage 9 for movement joints in the new stadia terracing.

Proofex Engage waterproofing membrane was used to protect the basement Pre-applied waterproofing below the casino in the corporate ‘Jaguar Stand’ of the stadium. Contractors membrane Laing O’Rourke applied 3000m2 of Proofex Engage to the retaining walls, with Advantages 375 metres of Supercast SW20 swellable waterstop used at the construction 2 joints. 1200m of Proofex 4000R self adhesive membrane was also used for Unique mesh design bonds complex details (e.g. the toe of the retaining wall). permanently to concrete

In addition to the groundwork, Fosroc sealants were used on the concrete Basement waterproofing terracing. Subcontractors D.J.T Mastics applied Nitoseal MS300 to the protection to BS8102:1990 grade vertical movement joints between the precast 2,3 & 4 terrace units, at a nominal joint size of 20mm. Nitoseal MS50 was applied to the 10mm Methane, radon and CO2 resistant horizontal joints. BBA accredited The Nitoseal MS300 was then dual-sealed Simple application - no primer with Flamex S fire-rated sealant to provide critical fire protection. Flamex S was used extensively throughout the corporate stand and around the casino and leisure complex. Telstra Stadium - Sydney, Australia

Following the award of Date: Phase I the 2000 Olympic Games Sep 96 - Mar 99 to Sydney, Australia, the Phase II Oct 01 - Oct 03 city needed a new showpiece stadium, not Products: Renderoc HB40 only to house the Renderoc LA55 Olympics, but to become Renderoc FC the home of Australian Nitobond EPR sport thereafter. Supercast PVC Conbextra Designed by architects Bligh Lobb Sports and Architects: Bligh Lobb Sports constructed by Obayashi Corporation /Multipex Contractor: Obayashi Corp Constructions, / Multipex development began in September 1996 and Value: £320M was completed in March 1999. The AUD$770M (£320M) project was split into 2 phases, the first phase involving the construction of the 110,000-seater stadium, followed by a second phase where temporary seats were removed, reducing the capacity down to 80,000 for future sporting events.

Fosroc’s role in the project included supplying concrete repair mortars and grouts for the stadium construction. The time-critical nature of the project meant that work was carried out quickly, especially the vast concrete pours. The subcontractors approach was to place concrete as fast as possible, resulting in a considerable amount of concrete repair. Fosroc supplied Renderoc HB40 structural concrete repair mortar to repair blow holes, as well as Renderoc LA55 flowable mortar for various form adjustments. Renderoc FC fairing coat was also used extensively to repair pinholes, giving the concrete structure a smooth and professional finish. Renderoc HB40

More than 50 tonnes of Conbextra grout was used for the grouting of High performance, sprinkler tanks to the base floor, while Conbextra was also used to grout in structural grade medium- the light towers around the stadium. weight concrete repair mortar Fosroc’s Supercast PVC waterstop was used throughout phase one of the project, as was Fosroc’s suite of construction and floor sealants. Advantages

Phase 2 of the developement saw, 2,000 Compatible with concrete strength litres of Nitobond EP bonding agent used greater than 30N/mm2 for the rebonding of new concrete to old. This was part of the reconfiguration High build application process, reducing the capacity of the One-component, easy to apply stadium. Removes need for formwork Phase 2 of the project began in October 2001 Contains no chloride admixtures and was completed in October 2003. Compatible with Fosroc’s system of corrosion control solutions Further projects

In addition to the job references included in this document, Fosroc has been involved in more than 100 different grandstand and stadia projects in the UK and worldwide. Details of some of these these can be found in the table below.

Project Year Location Products Used Cannon Park (Doncaster Rovers FC) 2007 Doncaster, Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Sophia Gardens (Glamorgan CCC) 2007 Cardiff, Wales Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 All England & Croquet Tennis Club (Wimbledon) 2007 London, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600, Dekguard Clear, Nitoflor Lithurin National Hockey Stadium (MK Dons FC) 2006 Milton Keynes, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Aintree Racecourse 2006 Liverpool, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S Sandy Park (Exeter RUFC) 2006 Exeter, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 International Sports Village 2006 Cardiff, Wales Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 El Sheba Grandstand, Dubai 2006 Dubai, UAE Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Emirates Stadium (Arsenal FC) 2005 London, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Rose Bowl (Hampshire CCC) 2005 Hampshire, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Victoria Stadium (Northwich Victoria FC) 2005 Northwich, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 The Oval (Surrey CCC) 2005 London, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600, Nitoseal MS50 Twickenham 2005 London, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Butts Park (Coventry RUFC) 2004 Coventry, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 New Road (Worcestershire CCC) 2004 Worcester, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Nitoseal MS100 Bahrain F1 Circuit 2004 Bahrain Nitoseal MS300 Chepstow Racecourse 2003 Chepstow, Wales Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600, Nitoproof 600 The Falkirk Stadium (Falkirk FC ) 2003 Falkirk, Scotland Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Haydock Racecourse 2003 Haydock, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, 11 Thioflex 600 Halliwell Jones Stadium ( Wolves RLFC) 2003 Warrington, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600, Nitoseal MS50, Hilastic 44 Wincanton Racecourse 2003 Wincanton, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 National Football Academy, (The Football Association) 2003 Staffordshire, England Proofex Engage Ashton Gate (Bristol City FC) 2002 Bristol, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Walkers Stadium (Leicester City FC ) 2002 Leicester, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Oddessy Arena 2002 Belfast, N. Ireland Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Shelbourne Park Greyhound Racing Stadium 2002 Dublin, Ireland Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 The Lamb Ground (Tamworth Town FC) 2002 Tamworth, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 National Ice Centre 2002 Sheffield, England Proofex Engage, Supercast SW, Proofex 30003000 St. Mary's Stadium (Southampton FC) 2001 Southampton, England Thioflex 600, Flamex S Shay Stadium (Halifax Town FC) 2001 Halifax, England Thioflex 600 Franklins Gardens ( Northampton RUFC ) 2001 Northampton, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Stadium of Light (Sunderland FC) 2001 Sunderland, England Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Upton Park (West Ham United FC) 2001 London, England Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600, Conbextra GP Dean Court (Bournemouth FC) 2001 Bournemouth, England Cebex 100 Victoria Park (Ross County FC) 2000 Dingwall, Scotland Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 1999 Cardiff, Wales Thioflex 600 Parkhead (Glasgow Celtic FC) 1999 Glasgow, Scotland Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 Pittodrie (Aberdeen FC) 1993 Aberdeen, Scotland Nitoseal MS300, Flamex S, Thioflex 600 For further information on these references, or to discuss your stadium project, please contact Fosroc on 01827 262222. www.fosroc.com

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Drayton Manor Business Park 22 Trench Road Unit 31 Coleshill Road Mallusk, Newtonabbey Salisbury Road Tamworth County Antrim Haydock Industrial Estate Staffordshire Northern Ireland Haydock, Merseyside B78 3TL BT36 8TY WA11 9XG Tel: +44 (0) 1827 262222 Tel: 028 90 848 315 Tel: 01942 717 534 Fax: +44 (0) 1827 262444 Fax: 028 90 342 521 Fax: 01942 718 942 e-mail: [email protected] www.fosroc.com Unit 45 Fosroc Midlands & South John F Kennedy Avenue Bluebell Drayton Manor Business Park Dublin 12 Coleshill Road Tel: +353 (0) 1450 1512 Tamworth Fax: +353 (0) 1450 5445 Staffordshire B78 3TL Tel: 01827 262222 Fosroc Scotland Fax: 01827 262444

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Thanks to Foster + Partners for all Wembley Stadium images contained in this brochure, copyright NIGEL YOUNG/Foster + Partners

Important Note Fosroc products are guaranteed against defective materials and manufacture and are sold subject to its standard terms and conditions of sale, copies of which may be obtained on request. Whilst Fosroc endeavours to ensure that any advice, recommendation, specification or information it may give is accurate and correct, it cannot, because it has no direct or continuous control over where or how its products are applied, accept any liability either directly or indirectly arising from the use of its products, whether or not in accordance with any advice, specification, recommendation or information given by it. FOS/v01-May07 2k