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Cherokee Ethnogenesis in Southwestern North Carolina
The following chapter is from: The Archaeology of North Carolina: Three Archaeological Symposia Charles R. Ewen – Co-Editor Thomas R. Whyte – Co-Editor R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr. – Co-Editor North Carolina Archaeological Council Publication Number 30 2011 Available online at: http://www.rla.unc.edu/NCAC/Publications/NCAC30/index.html CHEROKEE ETHNOGENESIS IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH CAROLINA Christopher B. Rodning Dozens of Cherokee towns dotted the river valleys of the Appalachian Summit province in southwestern North Carolina during the eighteenth century (Figure 16-1; Dickens 1967, 1978, 1979; Perdue 1998; Persico 1979; Shumate et al. 2005; Smith 1979). What developments led to the formation of these Cherokee towns? Of course, native people had been living in the Appalachian Summit for thousands of years, through the Paleoindian, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippi periods (Dickens 1976; Keel 1976; Purrington 1983; Ward and Davis 1999). What are the archaeological correlates of Cherokee culture, when are they visible archaeologically, and what can archaeology contribute to knowledge of the origins and development of Cherokee culture in southwestern North Carolina? Archaeologists, myself included, have often focused on the characteristics of pottery and other artifacts as clues about the development of Cherokee culture, which is a valid approach, but not the only approach (Dickens 1978, 1979, 1986; Hally 1986; Riggs and Rodning 2002; Rodning 2008; Schroedl 1986a; Wilson and Rodning 2002). In this paper (see also Rodning 2009a, 2010a, 2011b), I focus on the development of Cherokee towns and townhouses. Given the significance of towns and town affiliations to Cherokee identity and landscape during the 1700s (Boulware 2011; Chambers 2010; Smith 1979), I suggest that tracing the development of towns and townhouses helps us understand Cherokee ethnogenesis, more generally. -
Parting with Plastics Reducing Disposable Plastic in Our Operations
MARCH 2017 A publication of the Association of Zoos & Aquariums Parting with Plastics Reducing Disposable Plastic in Our Operations GREEN PURCHASING AND INVESTING SUSTAINABILITY SPARKS BY THE NUMBERS Adopting Green Purchasing ENGAGEMENT, CREATIVITY AND ACTION Climate Change and Investing Strategies Sustainability Programs Engage Staff and Going Green in 2015 Interns and Volunteers March 2017 Features 20 24 30 Parting with Plastics: Green Purchasing Sustainability Sparks Reducing Disposable and Investing Engagement, Creativity Plastic in Our Operations Association of Zoos and and Action Disposable plastics are Aquariums-accredited What do team building, everywhere and can have facilities tie reduced cost savings and urban devastating impacts on purchasing of carbon- gardening have in common? wildlife. Since mass production producing electricity They are all outcomes of started in 1950, plastics have to concerns about sustainability programs and permeated our world at a global warming and the initiatives at Association frenetic pace with roughly 300 acidification of oceans. of Zoos and Aquariums- million tons manufactured Others are making accredited facilities that have worldwide in 2013. packaging changes to successfully engaged staff, reduce their contributions BY WANDA EVANS interns and volunteers. to landfills and to address BY EMILY BRYANT the dangers to wildlife that are posed by improperly discarded plastic. BY TOM PRICE March 2017 | www.aza.org 1 7 16 60 Member View Departments 7 Conservation Spotlight 11 Reintroduction 15 By the -
TDEC’S Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for the Stream’S Status Changes
Draft Version YEAR 2016 303(d) LIST July, 2016 TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION Planning and Standards Unit Division of Water Resources William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower 312 Rosa L. Parks Ave Nashville, TN 37243 Table of Contents Page Guidance for Understanding and Interpreting the Draft 303(d) List ……………………………………………………………………....... 1 2016 Public Meeting Schedule ……………………………………………………………. 8 Key to the 303(d) List ………………………………………………………………………. 9 TMDL Priorities ……………………………………………………………………………... 10 Draft 2016 303(d) List ……………………………………………………………………… 11 Barren River Watershed (TN05110002)…………………………………………. 11 Upper Cumberland Basin (TN05130101 & TN05130104)…………………….. 12 Obey River Watershed (TN05130105)…………………………………………... 14 Cordell Hull Watershed (TN05130106)………………………………………….. 16 Collins River Watershed (TN05130107)…………………………………………. 16 Caney Fork River Watershed (TN05130108)…………………………………… 18 Old Hickory Watershed (TN05130201)………………………………………….. 22 Cheatham Reservoir Watershed (TN05130202)……………………………….. 24 Stones River Watershed (TN05130203)………………………………………… 30 Harpeth River Watershed (TN05130204)……………………………………….. 35 Barkley Reservoir Watershed (TN05130205)…………………………………… 41 Red River Watershed (TN05130206)……………………………………………. 42 North Fork Holston River Watershed (TN06010101)…………………………... 45 South Fork Holston River Watershed (TN06010102)………………………….. 45 Watauga River Watershed (TN06010103)………………………………………. 53 Holston River Basin (TN06010104)………………………………………………. 56 Upper French Broad River Basin (TN06010105 & TN06010106)……………. -
Research Funding (Total $2,552,481) $15,000 2019
CURRICULUM VITAE TENNESSEE AQUARIUM CONSERVATION INSTITUTE 175 BAYLOR SCHOOL RD CHATTANOOGA, TN 37405 RESEARCH FUNDING (TOTAL $2,552,481) $15,000 2019. Global Wildlife Conservation. Rediscovering the critically endangered Syr-Darya Shovelnose Sturgeon. $10,000 2019. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. Propagation of the Common Logperch as a host for endangered mussel larvae. $8,420 2019. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. Monitoring for the Laurel Dace. $4,417 2019. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. Examining interactions between Laurel Dace (Chrosomus saylori) and sunfish $12,670 2019. Trout Unlimited. Southern Appalachian Brook Trout propagation for reintroduction to Shell Creek. $106,851 2019. Private Donation. Microplastic accumulation in fishes of the southeast. $1,471. 2019. AZFA-Clark Waldram Conservation Grant. Mayfly propagation for captive propagation programs. $20,000. 2019. Tennessee Valley Authority. Assessment of genetic diversity within Blotchside Logperch. $25,000. 2019. Riverview Foundation. Launching Hidden Rivers in the Southeast. $11,170. 2018. Trout Unlimited. Propagation of Southern Appalachian Brook Trout for Supplemental Reintroduction. $1,471. 2018. AZFA Clark Waldram Conservation Grant. Climate Change Impacts on Headwater Stream Vertebrates in Southeastern United States $1,000. 2018. Hamilton County Health Department. Step 1 Teaching Garden Grants for Sequoyah School Garden. $41,000. 2018. Riverview Foundation. River Teachers: Workshops for Educators. $1,000. 2018. Tennessee Valley Authority. Youth Freshwater Summit $20,000. 2017. Tennessee Valley Authority. Lake Sturgeon Propagation. $7,500 2017. Trout Unlimited. Brook Trout Propagation. $24,783. 2017. Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency. Assessment of Percina macrocephala and Etheostoma cinereum populations within the Duck River Basin. $35,000. 2017. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Status surveys for conservation status of Ashy (Etheostoma cinereum) and Redlips (Etheostoma maydeni) Darters. -
Download Brochure
In Cherokee, history flows through each and every adventure. As you explore, you’ll find that the spot you’re on likely comes with a story, a belief, or a historical event that’s meaningful to the Cherokees. From Judaculla the giant’s stomping grounds to a turn in the Oconaluftee River where Uktena the snake may have lived, history is everywhere. A look back begins in 2000 B.C., when Cherokee’s ancestors were hunters and gatherers, often sharing their beliefs through storytelling, ceremonies, and dance. They would soon develop a sophisticated culture, however. In fact, by the time the Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto first encountered Cherokees in 1540 A.D., they already had an agricultural system and peaceful self-government. De Soto and his explorers came looking for gold, carrying with them diseases that devastated the Cherokee population. By the late eighteenth century, the Cherokees’ land was also under attack, leading to the tragedy known as the “Trail of Tears.” In 1830, US President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, moving the Cherokees west in exchange for their homeland. The 1,200-mile journey led to more than 4,000 Cherokee deaths. Those who escaped and remained behind are the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians you know today. The modern Cherokee story is one of triumph— a strong people built on a history full of challenge. Today, you can experience that history in a wide variety of adventures. As you explore this brochure, create your own itinerary, and then head to VisitCherokeeNC.com for tickets, times, and ways to join us. -
An Introduction to Canoeing/Kayaking a Teaching Module
An Introduction to Canoeing/Kayaking A Teaching Module Iowa Department of Natural Resources Des Moines, Iowa This information is available in alternative formats by contacting the DNR at 515/725-8200 (TYY users – contact Relay Iowa, 800/735-7942) or by writing the DNR at 502 East 9th Street, Des Moines, IA 50319-0034. Equal Opportunity Federal regulations prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex or handicap. State law prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, religion, national origin, or disability. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to the Iowa DNR, Wallace State Office Building, 502 E. 9th Street, Des Moines, IA 50319-0034. Funding: Support for development of these materials was provided through Fish and Wildlife Restoration funding. Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................1 Objectives........................................................................................................................................1 Materials .........................................................................................................................................1 Module Overview ...........................................................................................................................1 -
The Unicode Cookbook for Linguists: Managing Writing Systems Using Orthography Profiles
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2017 The Unicode Cookbook for Linguists: Managing writing systems using orthography profiles Moran, Steven ; Cysouw, Michael DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.290662 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-135400 Monograph The following work is licensed under a Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. Originally published at: Moran, Steven; Cysouw, Michael (2017). The Unicode Cookbook for Linguists: Managing writing systems using orthography profiles. CERN Data Centre: Zenodo. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.290662 The Unicode Cookbook for Linguists Managing writing systems using orthography profiles Steven Moran & Michael Cysouw Change dedication in localmetadata.tex Preface This text is meant as a practical guide for linguists, and programmers, whowork with data in multilingual computational environments. We introduce the basic concepts needed to understand how writing systems and character encodings function, and how they work together. The intersection of the Unicode Standard and the International Phonetic Al- phabet is often not met without frustration by users. Nevertheless, thetwo standards have provided language researchers with a consistent computational architecture needed to process, publish and analyze data from many different languages. We bring to light common, but not always transparent, pitfalls that researchers face when working with Unicode and IPA. Our research uses quantitative methods to compare languages and uncover and clarify their phylogenetic relations. However, the majority of lexical data available from the world’s languages is in author- or document-specific orthogra- phies. -
Trailword.Pdf
NPS Form 10-900-b OMB No. 1024-0018 (March 1992) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. _X___ New Submission ____ Amended Submission ======================================================================================================= A. Name of Multiple Property Listing ======================================================================================================= Historic and Historical Archaeological Resources of the Cherokee Trail of Tears ======================================================================================================= B. Associated Historic Contexts ======================================================================================================= (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) See Continuation Sheet ======================================================================================================= C. Form Prepared by ======================================================================================================= -
Pacific Currents | Winter 2009 Pre-Registration and Pre-Payment Required on All Programs Unless Noted
Winter 2009 | volume 13 | number 1 member magazine of the aquarium of the pacific The Aquarium Introduces its Sustainable Seafood Program Focus on Sustainability 350.ORG Attendees at an Earth Day event at Golden Gate Park become part of the 350 action. 350 AND COP15 GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE IS ScARY… and IMPORTANT The Aquarium joins the efforts of 350.org on Saturday, October 24—International Climate Action Day—by spreading the message of lowering carbon emissions at its upcoming Scarium Halloween event. While the Aquarium will be telling children that goblins want to be green too, the hope is that adults will have the opportunity to learn more about the global concern about rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. HE NUMBER 350 refers to the parts per million (ppm) of reductions, cap-and-trade offers an environmentally effective and carbon dioxide that many scientists and climate experts economically efficient response to climate change. But some argue T are saying would be the most our atmosphere could safely that cap-and-trade is far from being fair and effective. A carbon tax is contain. The planet already has almost 390 ppm CO2 in its another option. Various possibilities will be discussed at COP15 with atmosphere, and this number is rising by about two parts per million the hope that any number of solutions could come together globally every year. Accelerating Arctic warming, ocean acidification, and to reduce the emissions in the planet’s atmosphere. other early climate impacts have convinced experts that if we do not Climate change is going to continue to be an issue that we all reduce our CO2 output, we risk reaching tipping points such as the must learn about and get involved in. -
Chattanooga Travel Guide Chattanooga Is the Fourth-Largest City In
Chattanooga Travel Guide by newsdesk Chattanooga is the fourth-largest city in Tennessee (after Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville), and the seat of Hamilton County, in the United States of America. It is located in southeast Tennessee on Chickamauga and Nickajack Lake, which are both part of the Tennessee River, near the border of Georgia, and at the junction of three interstate highways, I-24, I-75, and I-59. The city, at elevation 685 feet, lies at the transition between the ridge-and-valley portion of the Appalachian Mountains and the Cumberland Plateau, is surrounded by ridges. Located on the Tennessee River and situated in Hamilton County, Chattanooga is a true tourist treat. It is an ideal place to enjoy boating, fishing and other water sport activities. The name "Chattanooga" comes from the Creek Indian word for "rock coming to a point." This refers to Lookout Mountain which begins in Chattanooga and stretches 88 miles through Alabama and Georgia. Chattanooga has traditionally touted its tourist attractions, including the Tennessee Aquarium (a freshwater and, as of May 2005, a saltwater aquarium), caverns, and heavy development along and across the Tennessee River. In the downtown area are the Creative Discovery Museum (a hands-on children's museum dedicated to science, art, and music), an IMAX 3D Theatre, and the newly expanded Hunter Museum of American Art. The red-and-black painted "See Rock City" barns along highways in the Southeast are remnants of a now classic Americana tourism campaign to attract visitors to the Rock City tourist attraction in nearby Lookout Mountain, Georgia. -
A Spatial and Elemental Analyses of the Ceramic Assemblage at Mialoquo (40Mr3), an Overhill Cherokee Town in Monroe County, Tennessee
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 12-2019 COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE Christian Allen University of Tennessee, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Recommended Citation Allen, Christian, "COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/5572 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Christian Allen entitled "COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Kandace Hollenbach, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Gerald Schroedl, Julie Reed Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. -
Kayak & Canoe Guide to Long Island State Parks (Pdf)
KKKAYAKAYAKAYAK & C ANOEANOEANOE G GGUIDEUIDEUIDE TOTOTO L LLONGONGONG I IISLANDSLANDSLAND S SSTATETATETATE P PPARKSARKSARKS NEW YORK STATE George E. Pataki, Governor NEW YORK STATE OFFICE OF PARKS, RECREATION AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION Bernadette Castro, Commissioner LONG ISLAND STATE PARK REGION John Norbeck, Regional Director An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Program Some of the best kayak and canoeing waters in New York State are Orient Beach State Park located on Long Island. Parks featuring kayak and canoe access include: (631) 323 2440 4 5 9 8 ✫ 6 7 3 1 2 Great South Bay 1. Jones Beach State Park 2. Captree State Park 3. Heckscher State Park North Shore 4. Sunken Meadow State Park 5. Nissequogue River State Park ` Lakes 6. Hempstead Lake State Park 7. Belmont Lake State Park Directions: Park located 118 miles from Manhattan at the end of Long Island’s North Fork. Take LIE (495) east to the East End 8. Hither Hills State Park (South Fork) end, then Rt. 25 east to the Park. 9. Orient Beach State Park (North Fork) Launch site access Gardiners Bay to the south and Long Saftey Tips: Beach (Hallock’s) Bay to the north. • Always wear an approved life jacket. • Use common sense. • Be aware of weather, tides and currents. Kayak drop-off is approximately halfway around the circle • Leave a float plan on your dashboard (for example: Kayaking adjacent to the parking lot. Hallock’s Bay is a 30 yard carry into Great South Bay, back around 4). and Gardiners Bay requires a 50 yard carry. • Avoid marked swimming areas.