INDEX

Acid 125 Amazon River 36 – Acid Rain 72, 94 American 135, 163, 197, 199, 208, 304, – Acid Rain Theory 94 349, 352, 382 Acid Deposition Monitoring Network 135 American Administration 181, 185 Acidification 17, 54, 93, 96, 126 American Congress 186 Acropolis 98 American Enterprise Institute 141 Activities Jointly Implemented (AJI) 301, American National Research Council 145 303 Ammonia (NH3) 65, 73, 79, 95, 195, Adaptation Fund 278, 280, 285 196 Afforestation 309, 374, 375, 377, 380, – Emissions 65, 196, 311 384, 385, 387, 388 – Reductions 196 – Definition of 385 Ammonium Sulphate 65 Africa 46, 67, 108, 202, 286, 338 Antarctic 5, 6, 7, 33, 102, 115, 116, 117, Ageement on Air Quality 197 122, 147, 153, 156, 164 Agreement on Transboundary Haze ‘Antarctic Ozone Hole’ 6, 153 Pollution 193 Antarctica 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 36, 113, 115, Agenda 21–83, 134, 201, 206, 208, 209, 117, 126, 137, 139, 153, 361 377 Arbuthnot, John 87 Agriculture 28, 39, 42, 48, 49, 62, 65, Arctic 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 69, 89, 116, 147, 104, 105, 106, 107, 112, 285, 352, 353 153 Air Pollutants 31, 50, 53, 56, 58, 61, 63, Arctic Ocean 116 64, 75, 81, 91, 92, 123, 125, 126, 133, Argentina 6, 118, 188, 224, 255, 355 134, 151, 191, 193, 195, 201, 205, 229, – Argentinean 22 230, 242, 268, 311, 312, 317, 346, 347, Armenia 196, 224, 225, 253 365 Arrhenius, Sven 13 – Classical Air Pollutants 53 ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary – Reductions 123, 125, 290, 297, 328, Haze Pollution 135 352, 367, 368, 371 ASEAN Co-operation Plan on – Emissions 123, 126, 328, 348, 349, Trans-boundary Pollution 135, 197 370 ASEAN Specialised Meteorological Centre – Concentrations 346 (ASMC) 135, 197 – Productions 370 Asia 13, 14, 56, 58, 60, 68, 108, 135, Air Pollution 50, 51, 53, 54, 59, 62, 64, 197, 257, 337, 338 65, 67, 68, 72, 73, 81, 87, 88, 89, 90, – Asian 198 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 123, 125, 131, – Central Asia 242 132, 133, 134, 135, 151, 152, 191, 192, – South East Asia 40, 56, 65, 193 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, – East Asia 135 202, 203, 204, 205, 207, 209, 212, 227, – ‘Asian Brown Cloud’ 56 228, 229, 231, 241, 251, 256, 257, 268, Atlantic 36, 102, 117, 121 290, 311, 312, 317, 327, 328, 337, 343, Australia 24, 39, 49, 100, 183, 184, 187, 344, 345, 346, 365, 367, 368, 370, 371 188, 246, 258, 298, 339, 378 Air Pollution Monitoring Network 132 – Australians 100 Air Quality Committee 197 – Queensland 100 Air Quality Standards (AQS) 198, 199 Austria 22, 54, 91 Air Quality Standards Guidelines 198 Azerbaijan 220, 223 Albania 226 – Tirana 58, 88 Bahrain 253 Algeria 177 Bahamas 224 Alliance for Responsible CFC Policy 264 Bangladesh 111, 225 Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) Banking 212 182, 183, 261 – Definition of 212 390 Index

Base Years 210, 211, 259 – Concentrations 35 Basel Convention on the Control of – Pre-Industrial 122 Trans-boundary Movements of – Emissions 41 Hazardous Waste and their Disposal Carbon Monoxide (CO) 63, 64, 65, 90, 336 199, 348, 366 Belarus 222, 223, 225, 254 – Emissions 64, 65, 199, 202, 346, 348 Belize 225 – Concentrations 64, 65 Benedict, Richard 156 – Productions 346 1999 Beijing Amendment 244 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 12, 13, 20, 31, Belgium 88, 94, 355 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, Berlin Mandate 183, 187, 188 47, 50, 51, 52, 76, 77, 78, 106, 107, Bergen 276 119, 128, 143, 200, 201, 301, 305, 309, Bellamy, David 343 328, 331, 332, 347, 366, 373, 374, 375, Biomass 49, 65, 197, 198 376, 381, 384, 385, 387, 388 Bi-National Environmental Programme – Concentrations 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, (Border XXI Programme) 197 15, 31, 39, 40, 42, 49, 105, 127, 128, Blair, Tony 128 129 Bolivia 224, 226 – Pre-Industrial 11, 12, 127 Bosnia 224, 226 – Emissions 35, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, Boswana 226 45, 46, 52, 76, 77, 128, 129, 181, 2004 Bonn Summit on Renewable Energy 182, 189, 245, 246, 315, 343, 344, 207 345, 346, 348, 350, 367, 368, 375, Brazil 46, 255, 340, 345 382, 388 Britain 67, 94 – Per-Capita Emissions 44, 46 – British 60, 91 – Reductions 180, 181, 182, 183, 345, – British Columbia 194 373, 374, 375, 382 British Antarctic Survey 153 – Production 344, 352 Bromine 4, 8, 9, 19, 24, 28, 30, 33 Carbon Tetrachloride (CT) 25, 26, 79, – concentration 9, 24 80, 82, 167, 211, 332 Bromochloromethane 28, 174 – Production 26, 82, 167 Bromley, Allan 312 – Consumption 26, 167 Bulgaria 211, 222, 224, 254, 257 – Reductions 26, 167 Buenos Aires Action Plan 282 – Utilization 82 Buenos Aires Program of Work on Capacity building 239, 259, 281, 282, Adaptation and Response 287 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 292, 294 Bubbling or Bubbles 304, 305, 306, 311 Central America 112 – Definition of 304 CFCs 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 32, 52, 75, 76, – Joint Bubble 299 78, 79, 80, 81, 135, 136, 137, 155, 161, Bush Administration 142, 185 163, 165, 167, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, Bush, George ( jnr) 128, 141 211, 224, 298, 322, 330, 332, 371 Bush, George (snr) 312 – Concentrations 136 – Emissions 22, 163, 164, 166 C4 31 – Consumption 20, 21, 22, 23, 165, CACAM group 259 166, 173, 211 Cameroon 224, 225, 226 – Per-Capita Consumption 19, 20, 21 Canada 21, 54, 67, 68, 93, 96, 97, 131, – Production 20, 21, 22, 23, 136, 163, 134, 185, 187, 191, 193, 196, 197, 212, 164, 165, 173, 211 251, 258, 273, 304, 312, 339, 357, 378 – Reductions 19, 23, 163, 164, 165, – Canadian 197 166 – Toronto 276 – Depletion Thesis 154 – South East Canada 195 – Utilization 19, 20 Calcium Carbonate 34, 98 – Traditional 79, 331 Calcium Sulphate 97 Chapman, Sydney 4 Carbon 19, 34, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 1999 (European) Charter on Transport, 51, 57, 62, 64, 122, 331, 367, 373, Environment and Health 90 374, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, Chile 6, 102, 118 383, 386 China 23, 25, 27, 30, 44, 46, 49, 55, 56,