May 2021 Sutherland Group Newsletter

About Sutherland Group Coming up.. We meet at 8 pm every third Sat, 15 May APS NSW Quarterly meeting – see Diary, page 2 Wednesday from February to November at Gymea Community Wed, 19 May Sutherland Group meeting – Pipeworts? Learn Centre, 39 Gymea Bay Rd, Gymea. more about the genus in with Visitors welcome. Richard Jobson, Royal Botanical Gardens.

We support awareness and Thurs, 3 Jun JB Reserve working bees are back on. conservation of Australian native Sun, 6 Jun Rules for Covid-19 are in place, more here . Wed, 16 Jun Sutherland group meeting.

See our website & Facebook http://austplants.com.au/Sutherland Look out for.. Eucalyptus caesia “Silver Princess” (Gungurru)

www.facebook.com/APS.Sutherland

President Leonie Hogue 75A Wattle St Jannali 2226 [email protected] Ph 0416 286 083

Secretary Rhonda Daniels [email protected] Ph: 0491 629 760

Treasurer Anne Webb 9 Connels Rd E. caesia “Silver Princess” (Gungurru) Cronulla 2230 growing well at JB Reserve (Photo: P. Shelton) Ph 9523 6067 If the and silver foliage aren’t enough, there is always the Publicity Officer & bark. Red stems age to smooth white branches. The trunk develops Speaker Convenor decorative peeling curled bark known as mini-ritchie bark. This is Ralph Cartwright located just the petrophiloides (pink pokers) in the sunny [email protected] garden below the kiosk. It is flowering now too. Ph 9548 1074

0416 030 872

Inside this issue Newsletter Editor For your diary ...... 2 Peter Shelton At the April Meeting ...... 3 [email protected] More from the Sydney Royal Agricultural Show...... 7 Ph 0411 286 969 Walk: Woronora Memorial Park ...... 8 News and more ...... 9 Newsletter Deadline: First Wednesday of the month

For your diary Contact John Arney ph 9525 0449, [email protected] Sat, 15 May APS quarterly gathering at Kurnell, hosted by Sutherland Group. Details here.

9 am to 12 noon: Banks–Solander walk, Kamay National Park Meet at the Kurnell Visitor Centre, Kamay National Park for guided walks beginning between 9–10 am along the Banks–Solander track. This well-maintained track is an easy 700 m walk featuring many of the plants collected by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander during their eight day visit to Botany Bay in April 1770. You can take a virtual tour of the Banks– Solander track on Google Street View Trekker

12 noon to 1 pm: Lunch. Bring your own and enjoy it on the foreshore of Botany Bay (great for plane spotters). Food can be purchased at Kurnell Visitor Centre (limited), Silver Beach Cafe and Milkhouse Kurnell.

1 – 3 pm: Marton Community Hall, 92–94 Captain Cook Drive, Kurnell. $5 entry fee covers afternoon tea and associated costs. Hall open from 12.30 pm. 1:00 APS NSW Annual General Meeting 1:30 Talk by Dan Clarke on the plants that Banks and Solander collected and described during their visit to Botany Bay in 1770. Dan is a well-known environmental consultant and the APS NSW Conservation Officer. Dan is a very entertaining speaker with an extensive knowledge of the flora of the Kamay National Park and surrounds 2:30 Afternoon tea provided by Sutherland Group. Wed, 19 May Sutherland Group meeting Our plans are in place to cope with Covid restrictions. From 7.45 pm We restarted 2021 with a face-to-face meeting for 8:00 pm start in our usual location at the Gymea Community Centre in February. Complying with all current directives is a priority. Pipeworts, in the genus Eriocaulon, are an unusual group of water plants with button-like clusters of small flowers atop rush-like stems. They are found in marshy ground, often growing in freshwater areas on acid soils. Our guest speaker is Richard Jobson. This will be followed by our table hosted by Phil Keane. Physical specimens can be brought Eriocaulon scariosum in by anyone for learning or teaching. (Ph: Macleay Grass Man - https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26758557) Wed, 26 May NPA meeting Ralph Cartwright will talk about 7:15 for 7:30 pm the Plants and History of Woronora Memorial Gardens Join the zoom meeting here: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82806712201 Thurs, 3 Jun Joseph Banks Reserve working bees Sun, 6 Jun Covid 19 restrictions will be observed, but there is plenty of space to work in. Wed, 16 Jun Sutherland Group meeting. From 7.45 pm for 8:00 pm start, at Gymea Community Hall. (Covid19 regulations permitting) 3,4,10,11 July (10 – 4) Illawarra Grevillea Garden open days. These are the first two weekends in July. 11 – 16 Sep, 2022 ANPSA Biennial Conference delayed until 2022 due to Covid-19 considerations.

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APS groups nearby Have you considered visiting another local APS group? Each group welcomes APS members and visitors, so check your diary. East Hills Group Menai Wildflower Group Wednesday 2 Jun, from 2 pm Saturday 12 Jun, 1 pm (1st Wednesday of every month except January) Illawong Rural Fire Brigade Lugarno-Peakhurst Uniting Church Old Illawarra Rd, Illawong 909 Forest Road, Lugarno (opposite the Lugarno shops) https://austplants.com.au/Menai-Wildflower https://austplants.com.au/East-Hills At the April Meeting A walk through Woronora Cemetery Woronora Memorial Gardens formerly known as Woronora Cemetery & Crematorium lies West of Sutherland above the Woronora river. There is only a few hundred metres separation from remnant bushland at Loftus and the cemetery. This is because back in 1893, the government of the day gazetted 45 hectares of land formerly part of the Royal National Park to the cemetery trust, and was duly handed over a couple of years later. In the early 1900’s other small parcels of land were added and some excised giving us the odd shape we have today. $1,000 pounds or around 235,000 in today’s dollars was provided to clear the land, fence the area, form the main roads and plant trees near the fence lines. The landscaping was carried out by the Department of Lands and consists of a central circle from which curved tree-lined avenues project. Each major avenue is lined with brush-boxes and camphor laurels. The central circle was the original site for the mortuary station which opened in 1900 and closed in 1947. It now contains the Cemetery Trustees Office and administration buildings. Originally constructed as the manger’s residence, the café and function centre are open weekdays 9-3. Inside the cemetery, provision was initially for Roman Catholic, Church of England, Congregational, Presbyterian, Methodist and Baptist denominations, with others added later as needed. The crematorium, with its striking art deco architecture was introduced in 1934. Nearby are extensive rose- gardens.

Map of the gardens. A view across the rose gardens to the crematorium (Ph: R. Cartwright) In the 1970's above ground entombment was introduced. In the late 1990's the Crypt of Christ the Redeemer was constructed and designed to cater for over 400 above ground entombments and are shaded by a couple of magnificent gum trees. Other areas have been designated over the years for special, non-denominational purposes, such as the Military Memorial, Police Memorial and the Karinya Children’s Garden, among many others. Karinya takes its name from an Aboriginal word for peaceful and happy home. There is a fine example of Corymbia ficifolia (red flowering gum) at the entrance of the children’s garden. The Olive Grove area seems to be favoured by immigrants from Mediterranean countries, with plenty of Olive trees around to remind them of ‘home’.

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Another distinctive fruiting tree is the Illawarra Plum, a dioecious (meaning separate male and female plants) rainforest evergreen conifer to 35m which has been planted in a few locations around the grounds. When in season, you can’t miss it for all the edible fruit on the ground. The Wollemi lawn in the SW corner originally had a row of Wollemi pines planted along one edge which haven’t done too well, with only one poor specimen surviving to date, but there are a few more scattered around the site including a couple of happier looking specimens near the main gate.

E. racemosa subsp. racemosa (scribbly gum) Flowers of C. ficifolia (Ph: R. Cartwright) The Lawn has some nice examples of (coast banksia) growing along the edge of the road and in the lawn area. There are several B. spinulosa and B robur in the Karinya garden near the northern gate flowering profusely at the moment. There is a fairly new avenue of Grevilla cultivars, most well-known from our monthly plant table specimens including G. ‘blood orange’, G. ‘moonlight’, G. ‘orange marmalade’, G. ‘bush lemons’, G. ‘lollypops’ and G. ‘misty pink’, Along the roads on the edges of the cemetery, there are planted rows of trees which are well mulched with bark. After the flooding rains of March, these areas boasted several varieties of fungi including some spectacular, but evil smelling stinkhorns. There are also several climbing orchids, Erythrorchis cassythoides, commonly known as the black bootlace orchid, a leafless climbing orchid with long, dark brown to blackish stems and can grow up to 6 metres long. It normally flowers in September in groups of up to thirty yellow/green, sweetly scented flowers and is endemic to eastern Australia. This species is not always noticed and in fact, it was nearly 70 years after Joseph Banks explorations around Botany Bay, that this species was first described by Richard Cunningham in 1833. Cunningham was an English botanist and the Colonial Botanist of and superintendent of the Sydney Botanic Gardens at the time. Of course, trees are the most obvious things you will see, with many remnant trees scattered throughout the site as well as some planted specimen trees. Lower limbs have often been pruned for safety reasons and so the trunks and structure of the trees is more obvious than when surrounded by other vegetation in the wild, or butchered by the power companies when used as street trees. These trees include many fine examples of Angophora costata, E. scoparia, E. tereticornis and in the NE corner, a remnant stand of E. racemosa also known as the narrow-leaved scribbly gum. The ‘scribbles’ on scribbly gums are an icon of the Australian bush, and the story behind the 11 different species of moth larvae that make them, is quite interesting. The full story was only fully realised in 2012 by CSIRO scientists. They discovered that the eggs from the moth hatch and the resulting larvae bore a meandering tunnel through the eucalypt tree’s bark at the level of the future cork cambium, first in long irregular loops and later in a more regular zigzag pattern.

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When the cork cambium starts to produce cork to shed the outer bark it produces scar tissue in response to the feeding of the caterpillar, filling the larval tunnel with highly nutritious, thin-walled cells. These replacement cells are ideal food for the caterpillar which moults into its final life stage with legs, turns around and eats its way back along the way it has come. It now grows rapidly to maturity and leaves the tree to spin a cocoon at its base, where it pupates. Not long after the caterpillar leaves the tree, the bark cracks off and exposes the iconic scribbles beneath. In scattered locations, particularly in the newer areas of the cemetery along the Western boundary, adjacent to natural bushland, one can find several of the larger local including formosa, teretifolia and Doryanthes excelsa. Pandorea jasminoides, in the normal pink form, as well as some cultivars like the white P. ‘Lady Di’, can also be found in a few locations. Non-natives, such as the Canary Island Date Palm, were among the original plantings and can be found around the central circle. Although a plant focused overview, a visit to a cemetery wouldn’t be complete without at least a reference to some of the people buried there. The oldest grave is a modest memorial belonging to a Helen Willow, 28yo, who was buried in the Methodist section in 1895. The Enquiries area in the administration block has brochures for self guided walks around the cemetery focusing on the graves and the history. Ralph Cartwright (Note: Ralph will be presenting this talk at the NPA via zoom on 26 May. For anyone who missed the April meeting, this is the link to join: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82806712201)

On the plant table The plant table is a great way to see what grows tubular flowers contrasting dramatically with oval, well in Sutherland Shire and what flowers when. dark green leaves. It likely only grows well on Please free to email some photos in addition to sandy soils. Cultivars available include ‘Star showing the plant specimens at the meeting. Showers’ These may be included in the newsletter. You can Correa ‘Ivory Bells’ (Family: Rutaceae) It is said email by reply to the newsletter or to Dan Clarke that this plant was “created” in the USA and is a at: [email protected] cross between C. alba and C. backhousiana. Plant steward Phil Keane’s nursery, Ausplants R Grows to 1.5 m with elliptic blue-green leaves with Us, is in Sutherland. Visits by appointment or rusty hairs, and rusty stems. check out sale days (often Saturday 12 – 4:30) on https://www.facebook.com/ausplants/` Reputed to be very hardy, grows in a moist well- Ph: 0435 410 857 or [email protected] drained soil in some shade for best results. Phil Keane will not be at the May meeting, but we Beautiful pendent cream/ivory tubular flowers. expect to have some of Phil's plants left over from Attractive to birds and insects. the quarterly meeting to sell. Pandorea jasminoides (bower vine) (Family: Here are some of the plants featured at our last Bignoniaceae) Robust woody climber native to meeting. NSW rainforest but thrives in most gardens. Inflorescences of large pink flowers. Grow on a Macrozamia communis (Burrawang) (Family trellis, fenceline or balcony. Prune moderately after Zamiaceae). A native cycad, found in Sydney flowering. Long-lived. sandstone bushland. Cycads are ancient non- flowering plants, though this genus is thought to be Dampiera stricta (blue Dampiera) (Family: a more modern version of its ancient ancestors. Goodeniaceae) Very common erect herb in Has large palm-like fronds which are dissected Sydney sandstone and sandy territory. Very and extend from a central clump. Produces large unusual in that it has bright blue somewhat-rotate male and female cones which are very showy. The flowers, produced solitarily on in pairs in leaf axils. seeds are poisonous, so handle with care. Stiff-textured lanceolate green leaves produced alternately on wiry stems. Easy to grow – very long lived. Once they establish in a spot, they are very hard to remove. A nice plant in cultivation, it can form tight clumps, Give some room to spread. and can be very showy with blue flowers. Grow in a well-drained sandy soil for best results. Can also Correa alba (White Correa) (Family: Rutaceae) be grown in a pot. Found very close to the coast in NSW. White, non-

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Chrysocephalum apiculatum (Billy Buttons) landscaping and bushcare. Very showy when (Family: Asteraceae) Attractive scrambling planted over several metres. Compliments other groundcover with blue-grey foliage and golden herbs and small shrubs in open gardens. Grow in terminal inflorescences. Native to NSW and full sun for best results. widespread. Excellent border plant and used for Platysace linearifolia (Family: Apiaceae) A very mass planting. Prune regularly but lightly. common in sandstone forests and Hoya australis (Common Waxflower) (Family: woodlands. Grows to about 1 m tall with very linear Apocynaceae) Occurs naturally in northern NSW dark green leaves which smell like carrot. and into the tropics in rainforest. It is a climber with Produces small stellate white flowers in compound shoots up to 6 m long and producing copious latex. umbels. Largish green leaves. White flowers with a strong Not known overly in cultivation but may persist in fragrance produced in showy umbels (12-30 residential blocks where there are sandstone flowers). Grow in a sheltered location with limited remnants. Not an overly attractive plant but may sun for best results. generate some interest. Needs a sandy well- Epacris longiflora (Native Fushcia) (Family: drained soil to do well. Ericaceae subfamily Ericoideae) One of the few Banksia integrifolia (Coast Banksia) (Family: ‘epacrids’ that has taken to cultivation and found ) Tree to 15 m tall, commonly found on locally in sandstone outcrops and along sandy habitats in NSW, it has yellow watercourses. Stunning red-white tubular flowers inflorescences about 10 cm long and mid-green to for most of the year. Likely needs very good dark green leaves. Likely needs a sandy soil to do drainage and sandy soils to thrive. Grows to about well. 1 m tall. (Mountain Devil) (Family: Proteaceae) Common in the Sydney basin on sandy soils. Bright red 7-flowered inflorescences with sweet nectar. Pungent linear leaves. Bird attracting. Grows to about 4 m tall. Needs good drainage to do well. Cymbopogon refractus (Native Lemon / Barbed-wire Grass) (Family: Poaceae) A native tussock grass, local to Sydney, usually found on heavier clay soils. It has a very similar height and habit to Kangaroo Grass. It is in the Lemongrass genus and leaves can smell like lemon. Has very distinctive barbed-wire looking florets. Can add interest to gardens with small shrubs. Grow in a sunny position with some drainage.

B. integroifolia (Ph: P. Shelton) (heath banksia) (Family: Proteaceae) A local shrub growing in sandstone and sandy bushland. It has small narrow leaves with prominent toothing and spectacular large inflorescences up to 30 cm long! Colours range C. refractus showing its “barbed wire” feature from light orange to burnt orange to almost red. (Photo: B. Everingham) Grows to about 5 m tall and can get several Dichelachne crinita (long-haired plumegrass) metres wide. Seems to tolerate heavier soils (clay) (Family: Poaceae) Tussock grass to about 1.5 m provided there is enough drainage. Excellent bird tall with very showy linear plume-like seed heads and sugar glider attractor. Prune carefully after which ripen to snow-white. Common in sandy flowering and give some low-phosphorus fertiliser environs in the Shire and has been used for to promote flowering.

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Banksia ‘Birdsong’ (Family: Proteaceae) A drained soil which can be on the sandy or clay hybrid between B. ericifolia and B. spinulosa, it side. Prune after flowering and to keep it tidy. It grows to about 2 m tall by 2 m wide. Has large can form a dense weeping shape orange inflorescences and fine narrow foliage. Is More information can be found at these websites: reputed to attract birds into the garden. Prune to encourage a compact shape and more flowers. www.anspa.org.au www.anbg.gov.au Needs full sun and good drainage. plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au www.wikipedia.org www.austplants.com.au/plant-database Grevillea ‘Ivory Whip’ (Family: Proteaceae) A shrub to 2 x 2 m, it is in the mould of a lot of the PLUS: Dan Clarke has all the monthly plant table other large-flowered cultivated . information compiled in his Plant Table Master list However, it has pure white-cream flowers with the document available from our web site. strongly dissected foliage with narrow segments. Dan Clarke Plant Table Masterlist Great for shrubberies and rockeries, allow a well- Sydney Royal Agricultual Show Here is a selection of photos provided by Joan Zande, one of the APS Sutherland team submitting entries to the 2021 Sydney Royal Agricultural Show.

Mixed cuts Mixed foliage/ fruits Banksia selection (Ph: J. Zande) The full list of results for Australian Native Flora 2021 is available here: https://www.myras.com.au/res/Results/ResultsSearch2.aspx?SY=2021&SN=65&EN=All%20Exhibitors&TN=A ll%20Towns&BR=All%20Breeds&PC1=&PC2=&CL1=500&CL2=516&EI=1&OR=1&CT=ALL&Type=10

Miniature cuts Miniature foliage Grevillea selection (Ph: J. Zande) There is a more complete collection of photos from Menai and Sutherland group members at the APS NSW website: https://resources.austplants.com.au/stories/spectacular-flowers-at-the-easter-show-2021/

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Walk: Woronora Memorial Park, 1st May A group of 14, including some of our newer members, met for a stroll through Woronora cemetery and bushland down to Woronora River. As Ralph Cartwright showed in his presentation at our April meeting, Woronora Memorial Park (its official name) has a diverse range of flora, including natives. A distinctive planted native tree is the very large Lophostemon confertus (brush box) planted in avenues and a common street tree due to its hardiness. Various memorial areas have their own planting themes. For instance, the memorial garden to missing people and police officers has a large clump of Doryanthes excelsa. The Wollemi pine was hard to spot in the Wollemi lawn, as it was really not happy growing on an exposed sandstone ridge top. The banksia lawn had Banksia integrifolia and Angophora costata. The children’s memorial garden, Karinya, is the most carefully tended and most manicured garden. Here we saw , and carefully pruned lilly pilly hedges, and also some grafted Grevillea “Royal Mantle’ standards and an Acacia baileyana standard. There was one lonely last pink on the Corymbia ficifolia. It’s a great place to do some eucalypt ID, so maybe another activity (after some more research).

A. ulicifolia (prickley moses) Cheese tree fruit P. lanigera (Photos: B. Everingham) Through the northern gate near a patch of remnant Eucalyptus racemosa, it was down through the Prince Edward Park bushland. Although I had prepared a plant list of 30 or so obvious species, this is where it became apparent that I was very rusty on plant ID after our COVID hiatus. Dodonea triquetra and Pomaderris lanigera were very common along the path and there were lots of Elaeocarpus reticulatus (blueberry ash) with blue berries (not edible). There were several acacias in flower, and one plant each of Epacris longiflora and Pimelea linifolia in flower. Gleichenia dicarpa was a delightful bright fern in the moister gullies Another common plant was Glochidion ferdinandi (cheese tree) which we saw in all its forms from barely recognisable straggly non-descript shrub to large healthy tree with lots of red camembert-like fruit. Syncarpia glomulifera (turpentine) was a chance to show the distinctive fused spaceship fruits giving rise to the genus name (syn +carpa = joined fruit). The walk showed that exposure and repetition are key to learning, and several minds are better than one. Down along the Woronora river, we saw Melaleuca stypheloides, a tree with prickly leaves, and a riverside planting of Ficinia nodosa which likes the moisture. Strolling along the edge of the Crescent Bushcare site, local Sarah spotted a black snake in the very place where she does Bushcare.

Gleichenia dicarpa (coral fern) Lunch break for the walking group (Ph: R. Daniels) Given all the options, some people caught the bus back up the hill, Sarah and son Isaak stopped at their house, some of us explored a large sandstone shelf off the path, Clare popped into Phil Keane’s plant sales at Grand Parade Sutherland, and Lucinda and Russell had lunch in the park at Sutherland. Rhonda Daniels

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News and More Membership If you just have a subject that you’d like to learn more about and that might interest our group, let If you are not receiving the monthly APS NSW me know! enewsletter from enewsletter editor Rhonda Daniels, please email [email protected] Ralph Cartwright so we can sort out whether we have your correct email address in our records. Each monthly issue Help save the Glossy Black-Cockatoo is emailed at the end of the previous month. This program is referred to as Glossies in the Mist and has a Facebook page. It has arranged the Membership renewal planting out of thousands of food trees under the Members receive an email from APS NSW when umbrella of the Save Our Species program. their membership is due through the year and can If you want to join a volunteer planting group renew online on the APS website. Check your visiting the southern highlands, their next activity membership status with our treasurer Anne Webb starts at 9:00 in the Penrose area on 20 May. at the March meeting or by phone. Details will be provided with registration – link Sutherland hosts APS NSW AGM available at the facebook page. Sutherland Group is hosting the AGM and Quarterly Get together for APS NSW at Kurnell on 15 May. This will be the first face to face APS NSW meeting since Covid-19 restrictions. The APS NSW quarterly gathering and AGM on Saturday 15 May is very special for Sutherland Group. Our President Leonie Hogue has been nominated for life membership and John Arney has been nominated for the Conservation Award. APS NSW President John Aitken is standing down after 6 years as president. The AGM will be followed by a talk by our members Dan Clarke and John Arney on the plants collected by Banks and Solander in the area, and then afternoon tea. Please contact Rhonda on 0416286083 if you can help. Call out for Guest Speakers! Since Covid struck a year ago, we have had some Female cockatoo (Ph: from fb) great speakers appearing via Zoom, but since we returned to face to face meetings, I have been https://www.facebook.com/glossiesinthemist/ having problems in finding speakers to come and Also, Lloyd Hedges has a story at the APS NSW present to our group. web site which is well worth a read: I know that our members have a huge amount of http://resources.austplants.com.au/stories/growing-for-glossies-in-the-mist/ experience and knowledge as well as many If you have difficulty registering please contact contacts and ideas for possible speakers. Lloyd by email as below. If you have an idea for a speaker and/or subject, Contact Lloyd Hedges here: [email protected] please contact me with a name and possibly email/phone contact details if you have them. Update your first aid for free If you think you yourself might be able to do a In 2020, we received a federal government presentation, just let me know. volunteer grant for first aid training. Members can complete the one day first aid course at the St If you think that you might have the knowledge and George and Sutherland Community College at information/photos, but need help in putting it Jannali. It is held regularly through the year on the together, I’d be more than happy to help get it set- first Saturday of the month, approx. 9 am to 3 pm. up.

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If you would like to attend, please contact and pay Vale Betty Rymer the college directly at www.workskills.sgscc.edu.au or phone 8543 7412. Let me know at You may have read about Betty Rymer’s [email protected] so we can keep track and contributions to APS NSW on the APS NSW web reimburse you $120 on course completion. We all site. I also found the photo below which I am sure benefit from up-to-date first aid knowledge. is the sort of thing many of us would like to be remembered by. You may also come across some Rhonda and Lucinda Islip have completed the items written by Betty in the ANPSA web site course. It is very COVID-safe. Contact me to find archives of Australian Plants online including this. out more. Rhonda Daniels More from Sydney Royal Easter Show

Grevillea ‘Betty’s Delight’ from Bungoona gardens (Ph: Bungoona Gardens facebook)

Catch up at our youtube channel Watch archived zoom meetings at our youtube channel. For example, watch any of last year’s meetings including Plant Tables with Dan Clarke or Peter Olde’s talk on Grevillea hybrids at the This vase of mixed cuts entered by Menai group February APS meeting. was awarded Champion of Show in the Australian Native Flora section (Ph: Margaret Olde). See more photos here.

If undeliverable, return to: Australian Plants Society, Sutherland Group 169 Peninsular Road Grays Point NSW 2232

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