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Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD

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Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD Appendix A Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD This Appendix presents instruments for assessing: a) trauma exposure; b) the PTSD diagnosis; and c) PTSD symptom severity. Separate tables present information regarding adults and for children and adolescents. Although DSM-5 will not cause any revision of trauma exposure instruments, it does require revision of diagnostic and symptom severity instruments. Whenever possible, contact information is provided so that readers can fi nd out the current status of a particular instrument. The following tables are included: 1. Self-report screening instruments 2. Trauma exposure scales for adults 3. PTSD diagnostic instruments for adults 4. PTSD self-report instruments for adults 5. Trauma exposure scales for children and adolescents 6. PTSD diagnostic instruments for children and adolescents 7. PTSD self-report instruments for children and adolescents Recent comprehensive reviews on assessment can be found elsewhere [1 , 2 ] (Keane, 2014; King, 2014). © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 137 M.J. Friedman, Posttraumatic and Acute Stress Disorders, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15066-6 138 A Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD Table A1 Overview of self-report screening instruments for PTSD Scale Full name #Items Use References PC-PTSD a Primary care 4 Primary care [ 3 ] PTSD screen VA and DoD Surveys TSQ Trauma 10 Disasters and emergency [4 ] Screening Questionnaire Rooms SIPS Single item 1 Primary [ 5 ] PTSD screen Care a The PC-PTSD is being revised. Please check the National Center for PTSD’s website at www.http:// www.va.gov/professional assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp for further information Table A2 Overview of trauma exposure assessment instruments for adults Self- Structured Instrument report interview References General Traumatic stress schedule (TSS) X [6 ] Potential stressor experiences inventory (PSEI) X [7 ] Traumatic events questionnaire (TEQ) X [8 ] Evaluation of lifetime stressors (ELS) X [9 ] The trauma history questionnaire (THQ) X [10 ] Traumatic life events questionnaire (TLEQ) X [11 ] Stressful life events screening questionnaire X [12 ] (SLESQ) Life stressor checklist—revised (LSC-R) a X [ 13 ] Childhood Child abuse and trauma scale X [14 ] trauma Childhood trauma questionnaire X [ 15 ] Familial experiences inventory X [16 ] Retrospective assessment of traumatic X [ 17 ] experiences (RATE) Early trauma inventory (ETI) X [18 ] Domestic Confl ict tactics scale (CTS) X [19 ] violence Abusive behavior inventory (ABI) X [20 ] Sexual experiences survey (SES) X [21 ] Wyatt sex history questionnaire (WSHQ) X [22 ] War zone Combat exposure scale (CES) X [23 ] trauma Women’s wartime stressor scale (WWSS) X [24 ] Torture Harvard trauma questionnaire (HTQ) X [25 ] a The LSC-R is being revised. Please check the National Center for PTSD’s website at < http://www. ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp > for further information A Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD 139 > for ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Clinical Symptom severity [ Clinical diagnoses assessed All DSM-IV [ (Lay interviewer) interviewer) http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp Sx severity Administration Main use Comments References X LI Survey All DSM-IV diagnoses [ X X CI Clinical All DSM-IV diagnoses [ X X CI Clinical PTSD Sx: intensity and frequency [ b interview schedule—revised Structured interview for DSM-IV X CI (Clinician a PTSD diagnostic instruments for adults PTSD diagnostic instruments for adults Clinician- administered PTSD scale PTSD symptom scale interview X X CI Clinical Combined Sx severity/frequency [ b Composite international diagnostic c d Scale SCID.IV Full name Diagnostic CAPS PSS-I SI-PTSD Structured ADIS-R interview for PTSD Anxiety disorders interview PTSD-I PTSD-interview X CIDI DIS-IV PCL Diagnostic X interview schedule-IV PDS DTS PTSD checklist CI X DAPS Posttraumatic stress diagnostic scale X Davidson trauma scale Detailed assessment of traumatic X stress X X Clinical X LI X LI X X Symptom severity Self Self X X Survey Self Clinical Self [ Clinical All DSM-IV diagnoses Symptom severity Sx severity Clinical/survey Clinical Symptom severity [ Symptom severity [ [ [ [ The CAPS is being revised. Check the National Center for PTSD website at < for information about the CIDI-5 The CIDI is being revised. Please check <[email protected]> The SCID is being revised. Check with Dr. Michael First at [email protected] for information about the SCID-5 The SCID is being revised. Check with Dr. Edna Foa at [email protected] for information about the PSS-I-5 The PSS-I is being revised. Please check with Dr. b c d a Table Table A3 information about the CAPS-5 140 A Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD > for ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 [ [ Foa at [email protected] for civilian version has not performed as well PTSD, dissociation, and sexual depression, anger, concerns/behavior http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp Sx severity Diagnostic # Items Comments References PTSD self-report instruments for adults PTSD self-report instruments for adults Posttraumatic stress diagnostic scale X X 17 Used extensively in treatment research [ PTSD checklist X X 17 Used very widely for clinical and survey research [ a b PDS DTS DAPS IES-R M-PTSD Detailed assessment of traumatic stress Davidson trauma scale related PTSD Impact of event scale-revised Mississippi scale for combat- X X PK-MMPI-2 Keane PTSD scale of MMPI-2 TSC TSI X symptom checklist X Trauma X Penn symptom inventory Trauma 104 X DEQ 35 Comprehensive measure of trauma and PTSD Penn inventory criticism; Does not directly correspond to DSM-IV X Distressing event questionnaire X [ X 22 47 17 Does not directly correspond to diagnostic criteria X Subscale of MMPI-2 [ Used in medication trials 40 X 100 Used with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse TSC with 10 subscales to anxiety, Expands [ 34 and grief Also assesses guilt, anger, [ 26 [ Used with both veterans and civilians [ [ Scale PCL Full name The PDS is being revised and will be renamed the PSS-SR-5 (Posttraumatic Stress Scale-Self- Report-5). Please contact Dr. Edna Report-5). Please contact Dr. The PDS is being revised and will be renamed the PSS-SR-5 (Posttraumatic Stress Scale-Self- The PCL is being revised. Check the National Center for PTSD’s website at < is being revised. Check the National Center for PTSD’s The PCL b more information a Table Table A4 information about the PCL-5 A Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD 141 Table A5 Overview of trauma exposure assessment tools for children and adolescents Self- Structured Tool report interview References My worst experience survey (MWES) and my worst school X [45 ] experience survey (MWSES) Traumatic event screening instrument for children (TESI-C) X [46 ] When bad things happen scale (WBTHS) X [47 ] Children’s sexual behavior inventory 3 (CSBI-3) X a [ 48 ] Child rating scales of exposure to interpersonal abuse X [49 ] (CRS-EIA) The Angie/Andy CRS (A/A CRS) X [50 ] a Administered by parents or primary caregivers Table A6 PTSD diagnostic instruments for children and adolescents Sx Scale Full name Diagnostic severity Administration Comment References DICA- 12 Diagnostic X LI (Lay Used for [ 51 ] interview for interviewer) clinical and children and survey adolescents research revised CAPS- CA a Clinician- X X CI (Clinician PTSD Sx: [ 52 ] administered interviewer) intensity PTSD scale for and children and frequency adolescents DISC Diagnostic X LI Survey [ 53 ] interview research schedule for children CPTSDI Children’s X X CI Trauma [ 54 ] PTSD exposure, inventory PTSD Sx, and functional impairment UCLA- UCLA PTSD X X Self Assesses [ 55 ] PTSD R1 b reaction index PTSD and Sx severity K-SADS-PL Kiddie X CI Assess [ 56 ] schedule for present and affective lifetime disorders and PTSD schizophrenia- present and lifetime version PTSD-SI PTSD X CI Child and [ 57 ] semistructured parent interview interviewed a The CAPS-CA is being revised. Please contact the National center for PTSD’s website at < http:// www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/DSM_5_Validated_Measures.asp > for more information b The UCLA-PTSD-RI is being revised. Please contact Dr. Alan Steinberg at ASteinberg@mednet. ucla.edu for more information 142 A Assessment Instruments for Trauma Exposure and PTSD ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 55 38 58 59 59 60 61 62 63 [ Broad ranges of posttraumatic symptoms both from child’s Broad ranges of posttraumatic symptoms both from child’s perspectives and parents’ 7 22 Does not directly correspond to PTSD criteria [ ≥ 5–14 25/30 parent report of posttraumatic symptoms UCLA-PTSD reaction index 6–17 22 Assesses PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity [ a PTSD self-report instruments for children and adolescents PTSD self-report instruments for children and adolescents IES-R PTSS-C TSCC TSCYC Impact of event scale—revised CPSS Posttraumatic stress symptoms in children CROPS/PROPS symptom checklist for children Trauma 6–18 Child report of posttraumatic symptoms/ symptom checklist for young children Trauma 30 3–12 PTSDPAC 90 Child PTSD symptom scale CBCL Used in chaotic disaster contexts 8–16 54 Completed by caregiver PTSD symptoms in preschool-aged children 3–5 depression,
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