City of Milwaukee Health Department Laboratory www.milwaukee.gov/Health-Laboratories Phone: (414) 286-3526

SUMMARY OF CONFIRMED INFECTIONS

Steve Gradus, PhD, D(ABMM) August 2012 Sanjib Bhattacharyya, PhD Laboratory Director Deputy Laboratory Director

Syphilis

Test Total Test Total RPR Reactive 6 TPPA Reactive 16 VDRL Reactive 36 Darkfield Positive 0

New Cases of Syphilis

Number of Cases Stage August 2012 August 2011 Primary syphilis 2 0 Secondary syphilis 3 2 Early latent 2 1 Late latent 0 0 Total 7 3 Source: Wisconsin Division of Health

Gonorrhea Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Number Decreased Susceptible (DS) / Resistant (R) Tested Cefixime Ceftriaxone Azithromycin 29 0 0 0 0

Isolates Other Than N. gonorrhoeae

Number Number Organism Site Organism Site Isolates Isolates Ureaplasma urealyticum Genital 3 Mycoplasma hominis Genital 1

City of Milwaukee Health Department 1 Public Health Laboratory

Mycobacterial Infections

Test Results Age Sex DNA Identification Culture PCR Smear Probe 58 M + + + ND avium complex 31 M - + + - Mycobacterium avium complex 79 M + + + - Mycobacterium avium complex 31 F - + + - Mycobacterium avium complex - + + ND Mycobacterium avium complex 77 M - + ND ND group 33 M - + + - Mycobacterium avium complex + + + ND Mycobacterium avium complex 70 M + + + ND Mycobacterium complex ND = Not Done

Enteric Parasites Identified

Age Sex Parasite 23 M Blastocystis hominis 31 M Blastocystis hominis 42 M Blastocystis hominis 20 M Blastocystis hominis 14 F Blastocystis hominis Blastocystis hominis 50 F Entamoeba coli Blastocystis hominis 3 F Entamoeba coli Blastocystis hominis 13 M Giardia lamblia 13 F Endolimax nana 18 F Endolimax nana Blastocystis hominis 23 M Iodamoeba buetschlii 43 M Giardia lamblia 10 M Giardia lamblia Giardia lamblia 28 F Hookworm

City of Milwaukee Health Department 2 Public Health Laboratory Reference Cultures

Age Sex Source Identification 53 M Ascites Fluid Baciilus circulans 60 M Blood Gordonia sputi (Rhodococcus sputi) 72 M Blood Paenibacillus amycolyticus ( amycolyticus) 65 F Urine Salmonella Anatum 5 M Stool Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:I:- 7 M Blood Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:I:- 23 F Stool Salmonella Enteritidis 54 F Fluid, right hip Salmonella Enteritidis 69 F Stool Salmonella Hartford 8w M Stool Salmonella Heidelberg 32 F Stool Salmonella Newport 35 M Stool Salmonella Paratyphi B L (+ ) tartrate + (var. Java) 34 M Stool Salmonella Paratyphi B L (+ ) tartrate + (var. Java) 48 M Stool Salmonella Typhimurium

Viruses Detected from Clinical Specimens

Age Sex Source Symptoms Agent 22 M Stool N/A Norovirus (Genogroup I) 33 F Stool N/A Norovirus (Genogroup I) 23 M Stool N/A Norovirus (Genogroup I)

Herpes Simplex Virus Isolations

Agent Number of Isolates Herpes Simplex type 1 1 Herpes Simplex type 2 10

Molecular Amplification and PCR

Agent Method Tested Positive % Positive Influenza Virus RT-PCR 3 0 0% Norovirus RT-PCR 6 3 50% Mycobacterium TB complex RT-PCR 25 4 16% Bordetella pertussis RT-PCR 2 0 0%

City of Milwaukee Health Department 3 Public Health Laboratory Chlamydia (CT) and Gonorrhea (GC) Molecular Testing

Source Tested Positive % Positive 63 CT 11.0% Urine 573 45 GC 7.9% 1 CT 0.4% Throat swabs 284 13 GC 4.6% 8 CT 15.4% Rectal swabs 52 4 GC 7.7% 1 CT 33.3% Cervical or urethral swabs 3 0 GC 0%

DNA Sequencing: The MHD laboratory uses 16S rRNA and the D2 region of the 26S rRNA genes for DNA sequence-based microbial identification of selective reference and fungus isolates

Reference Age Sex Source Target gene Final Identification Microbe Bacteria 83 M Blood 16S striatum Bacteria 57 F Blood 16S Leptotrichia trevisanii Bacteria 60 F Blood 16S Bacillus thurigiensis Bacteria 68 M BAL 16S Neisseria cinerea

City of Milwaukee Health Department 4 Public Health Laboratory