The American Legion Magazine [Volume 75, No. 4 (October 1963)]

THE AMERICAN 20c • O C TO B E R 1 9 6 3

LEGIONMAGAZINE

SEE PAGE 10 BA BETRAYED Told by Castro's first Ambassador to Britain SERGIO ROJAS SANTAMARINA

Rojas

SEE PAGE 12 SEE PAGE 14

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OCTOBER 1963 LEGION Volume 75, Number 4 POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 lo P.O. Box 1055, Magazine Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

The American Legion Magazine is published Contents for October 1963 monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, Ky., by The American Legion. Copyright 1963 by The American Legion. Second-class IT HAPPENED IN OCTOBER postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price: single copy. 20 cents: yearly subscription, $2.00. Classic pictures recall the surrender Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- culation Department American Legion, of Corjiioallis and the landing Columbus. of The of P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 PADEREWSKI'S UNMARKED GRAVE BY RUTH HUME CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1055, For more than 20 years, the great Polish patriot- Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office Form 3578. Attach old address label and musician lay in an unidentified crypt in the U.S. give old and new addresses and current membership card number. Also be sure to notify your Post Adjutant. I SAW CUBA BETRAYED 10 BY DR. SERGIO ROJAS Y SANTAMARINA The American Legion Castro's first Ambassador to Britain Executive and gives a personal account of the delivery Administrative Offices Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 of the Cuban Revolution to communism. "A FEW APPROPRIATE REMARKS" AT GEHYSBURG The American Legion 12 Publications Commission: BY TO\f MA HONEY Edward McSwceney, Armonk, N. Y, (Chairman); Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, A century ago Abraham Lincoln was asked to keep Iowa (Vice Chairman): Lang Armstrong, his remarks brief at a battlefield dedication. Spokane, Wash.: Charles E. Booth, Hunting- ton, W. V a.: John Ciccio, Swoyerville, Ha.; Roland Cocreham. Baton Rouge, La.; E. J. FUN AND PROFIT FROM GUN COLLECTING 14 Cooper, Hollywood, Fla.; Clovis Copcland, BY Morrilton, Ark.: Paul B. Dague. Downing' CHARLES EDWARD CHAPEL town. Pa.: Dan W. Emmett, Oakdale, Calif.; Raymond Fields. Guymon. Okia.; Chris Her- Old U.S. firearms may be worth nothing, nandez, Savannah, Ga.: Herschiel L. Hunt, or thousands of dollars — and collecting El Campo, Tex.; George D. Levy, Sumter, S. C; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y.; Earl them is a fascinating specialty. L. Meyer, Alliance, Nebr.: Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; Robert Milchler, Oswego, THE CAPTURE OF THE GERMAN ROCKET SECRETS III.; Harold A. Shindlcr, Lafayette, Ind.; 16 William F. Taylor, Greensburg, Ky.; Benja- BY NORMAN BEASLEY min B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala. The story of the special Artny mission in WWII to capture the hidden documents of Hitler's ministry for rocket research. The American Legion IVlagazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue AMERICA'S PART-TIME TREE FARMERS 18 New York, New York 10019 BY JOHN M. THOMAS Publisher, James F. O'Neil Editor A look at townsfolk here and there Robert B. Pitkin who buy woodlots, use them for summer Art Editor cabins, and harvest timber for cash. Al Marshall Associate Editors John Andreola HOW AMERICA LOOKED TO A GERMAN P.O.W 20 Roy Miller BY RODIGER VON WECHMAR James S. Swartz Production Manager Rommel's young Afrika Korps soldier first saw the Ralph Peluso non-Nazi world en route to Trinidad, Colo. Copy Editor Grail S. Hanford SHOULD THE UNITED STATES QUIT Contributing Editor THE UNITED NATIONS? . 22 Pete Martin TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION Circulation Manager pro: rep. JAMES B. UTT (R-CALIF.) Dean B. Nelson con: rep. JOHN BRADEMAS (D-IND.) Indianapolis, Ind. Advertising Director THE NAZI JEEP Robert P. Redden AND THE TROJAN HORSE . . 24 Midwestern Adv. Sales Office BY A. STANLEY KRAMER Ray A. Jones 35 East Wacker Drive Why was the military Volkswagen prowling Chicago, 111. 60601 the U.S. Naval Training Station Washington Sales Office on a cold upstate New York night? Jack L. Spore 1608 K. St. N.W. Washington. D.C. 20006 Departments Publisher's Representatives LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 ROD & GUN CLUB .38 West Coast Arden E. Roney & Assoc. EDITOR'S CORNER 7 PERSONAL .43 Los Angeles & San Francisco, Calif. Northwest BOOKS 8 DATELINE WASHINGTON . .50 The Harlowe Co. Seattle, Wash. 98101 VETERANS NEWSLETTER 25 LEGION SHOPPER .53 Southeast The Dawson NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 27 Co. PARTING SHOTS .56 Miami, Fla. & Atlanta, Ga. Detroit Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless self- a addressed, Arden E. Roney

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 1 )

outstanding. I have read this and re-

read it and it just made me have a LETTERS TO THE EDITOR choked up feeling to realize that a few would go so far to stop the reinstatement bill. How anyone could have that on their conscience is beyond me. Letters published do vot necessarily ex- hat off when our country's flag passes I know that our great President John press Ihe policy of The American Legion. in review.' F. Kennedy would sign it, but he has Keep letters short. Name and address must to get the bill sign be fnrnished. Expressions of ojj/Jiion and \V. F. Gainfokt from Congress to reqjiests for personal sendees are appreci- North Briins-Luick, N. J. it. Please continue your light for pas- ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or Photographer Gainfort's photos (be- sage of the insurance reinstatement. answered, due to Unic magazine staff for of low) speak for themselves. John E. PREM)i.Rt;AST these purposes. Requests for personal services which may be legitimately asked of Chicafio, III. Tlie American Legion should be made to your Post Seri'ice Officer or your state sir: May I add my voice in agreement (DejHirttnent) American Legion Hq. Send to our rightful protest in editor- letters to tlte editor to: Letters, The Amer- ) Nour ican Legion Magazine, 720 5th Avenue, ial about reopening GI insurance to New York 19. N. Y. former servicemen. You mark well the feelings of the rank and flle of the THE MYSTERIOUS FLU \\'\\'II servicemen. Here's hoping 1963 will see the correction of this unjust SIR: Mr. \\'(>()cll)ur\ 's July article on situation. the 1918 influenza epidemic was ex- Frank P. Hickiiam tremely infonnativ e. As a member of Clifton, A'./. the Empyema Board at General Hos- pital #2, Fort .Mcllcnry, Aid., 1 had sir: I just finished reading your splen- to do autopsy work. At the period did special editorial "The Strange Ob- when the influenza epidemic w as pan- struction of X'eterans Life Insurance." demic, o\ er 90% of the people cultured

I am a VVW'I veteran who fortunately show ed hcmoh tic streptococcus kept his insurance. But so man>- hun- grow ths in the upper respirator\' tract. tlreds of thousands of ^^'^^'I1 boys In the cases that were fatal, in most w hen the\' came out of service were instances within 18 hoin"s, man\- (res- not of mature mind to hold on to their pirators' tracts) w ere flllcd w ith iiemo- insurance. Congress by all means h tic streptococcus organisms. In this should legislate at least granting the location, the fatalities seemed to be ^^'^^'II boys the privilege for 1 year caused by this organism superim|iosed to pick it up if they wish. I am writing on an initial virus in\ asion. ^'et Dr. to my Congressman and Senators urg- ^^'illiam Hcnr\- \\ elch wrote to me ing them to do just that. that his experience at Camp Devcns Mii.TON L. Riwis was quite different, and there were Detroit, Mich. \er\- few streptococcus infections. M. B. Llmn, M.l). sir: As the wife of a WWII veteran ILilti/z/orc, Mii. Insur- It we may venture a lay interpretation, w ho missed out on his GI Life ance, let say thajik you for the edi- wc think Dr. Levin is telling iis that mc torial Obstruction of the influenza didn't stem to kill pi«>ple "The Strange in August. at Fort McHenry, but laid them open X'eterans Life Insurance" were waiting for the chance to in- to death from strej). \ t( elscwlure thi.s We insurance last >'car was not true, thus addint; one more crease our when w e heard that the bill wasn't going to mystery to the great plague and its passed, thanks to Reps. Teague and enormous fatality retord. The answer be Ayres. If the chance comes again you lo the (|iicstion, "Does the llu kill h\ it- may be sure my husband's application self"'" was different from place u» place. w ill be first on the list. Mrs. RoBiiRr Eli a.m THE LABOR DEPT. Conshohocken, Fit. siK: I am not in the habit of writing to magazines, but I have to make an sir: The August issue strikes me as be- exception in the case of Alan E. ing the most important issue of all

Adams' article. "Our Changing Job magazines that I ha\ c had the pleasure Problems," in tlie Juh' American Le- of reading in the last several years. gion Magazine. In giving tiie record ^'our organization is rendering an out- of the U.S. Department of Labor ami standing service in clearly presenting its \ arious functions for 50 years—and the important issues and problems fac- especialK- that part dealing w ith the ing us. I saw no mention of reprints. X'etcrans F.mploj nient Ser\ ice since May wc reprint, for use in our school, 1933—1 belics e that \ ()u have published 100 copies of "The Human Side of one of the best explanations ever. In Automation" and "The Strange Ob- a phone conversation with Marshall struction of X'^eterans Life Insurance"? Miller, Chief of our Service in \A'ash- Glenn Maderk, Director ington, he concurred fully. T. H. Harris Vocational- Damis Boucharo Technical School Veteritiis Eiiiployiiicnt Opeloiisas, La. Representative You may. Concord, N. H.

VETS INSURANCE sir: Your August Newsletter men- evasive answers being received GENTLEMEN, THE FLAG! sir: I think your special editorial in tioned of tiie re- from Congressmen in connection with sir: A\'hatever happened to the good August on the obstruction Continued on page 4 old American custom of taking one's opening of veterans insurance was f

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2^ PRESIDENT ^ of his best customers (he was in pho- tography) about 50 years ago. When LETTERS I opened the August issue of our mag- KENNEDY azine, I was amazed at the beautiful TO THE EDITOR way you presented An American, by COMMEMORATIVE SPOON Daniel Webster, on the inside front cover. I would like a couple of these legislation in behalf of veterans. On printed on white rayon or nylon, and ONLY I feel July 26, I wrote Congressman Robert that every school and library 10( A. Everett, of Tennessee, in whose should have such copies, framed. If subcommittee the House bill to re- they were printed that way and To interest you in col- open National Service Life Insurance offered for sale through our Ameri- lecting the famous Presi- for a year rests. I urged his support of canism Committees, I believe they dents Commemorative the bill. He replied that "I'm sorry would do a M'orld of good for our Spoons, we offer to send country. tliat 1 don't see this matter the way you the John F. Kennedy WiLBER E. Goodhart spoon for only IOC! The >"ou do." Shippensbnrg, Pa. collection consists of 34 On August 2, I wrote again saying spoons in all, from Wash- that it would help many of us to un- SIR: The Daniel AA'ebster feature ington to Kennedy. Each derstand wiiy the bill is encountering one should be elegantly framed and in a commemorates a dif- difficulty if we could know his reasons prominent place in every In ferent president; displays home. re- for opposing it. his portrait, name, and lation to his duties, Mr. Webster said: To this I received the following term in office. Engraved "I intend to perform the duties in- answer which, except for the polite in the bowl is the out- cumbent upon me with absolute dis- opening, is complete: "I am just standing event of his regard of personal consequences." against opening up this National Ser\'- term. All are extra-heavy How many of our public officials quality ice Life Insurance for a period of one silverplate. made would pass that test? Let the real by International year." Silver, statesmen stand up! With the Kennedy is spoon In my opinion it quite insufficient Ben Medoi sky we tell you how to collect for him to state merely that he is Portland, Ore. the entire series by mail, "agin" any legislation. In all fairness three at a time, for only it would seem that we are entitled to SIR: I am 16 and read my father's The SI. 25 each spoon. Send know his reasons for opposing the bill. American Legion Magazine. I am \ ery for your Kennedy spoon Albert O. Kingsi.ey much interested in politics and gov- today! Limit, one to a Newburgh, N. Y. ernment and particularly enjoy your family. Mail coupon with IOC, name and address monthly Washington Pro and Con to: PresidentsSpoons, SIR: I'm a 77 year old \V\VI veteran, feature. W'c ha\ c formed a political Dept. K-19, P.O. Box and ha\c written m\' Congressman, action study group and would like to \ 48-457, Miami, Florida. Hale Boggs, specifically about our pen- use Pro and Con each month. I would sion reform bill, HR1927. The answers also like copies of the color page on n U T3 are always noncoinmittal. I hope this Daniel AV'ebster in the August issue H 1^1 33 -< O m l)ill comes up strong at our Conven- for each member of our group. It was !?« tion. certainly a most appropriate and very (/)H > Reube.n C. Ar.mstrong moving piece. -I ™ 3 re New Orleans, La. .Michael E. Cunningham n ° » & MiHis, Mass.

-:. O SIR: .My Congressman, Mr. John F. S O SIR: I'd like to share with your readers 5' !L y a Z Baldwin, of the 14th District of Cali- a cartoon caption that one of our Texas 3 y fornia, in answer to an inquiry from -35J " o newspapers published. It said: "Stop Q) Q nie recently told me that he I! m would 3 3" fD worrying! They're still 90 miles aw ay." O -D support the Legion's pension reform Electra Pearson bill, HR1927. I feel that if more Le- « o Ranger, Tex. o o o gionnaires would take time out to get -50 5 I a positive expression from their Con- sir: As a member of the Florida High- gressmen, results would be obtained 553 way Patrol Au.viliary, I wish to thank P ? benefiting the veterans. This is my you for the wonderful four-page 45th year in The American Legion and spread you ran in the July issue, "Flor- I have the membership cards to prove ida Legionnaires Serve With Troop- GIVE and RECEIVE it. ers," covering the Scbring races and ^ViLBURT Stone our patrol auxiliary in general. It "Give, and it shall be given Walnut Creek, Calif. should be brought to the attention of unto yon" is sound Bible. It applies when you take out all Florida Legionnaires that w e of the an Income Gift Contract with KEACH, KEECH, KEACHEY patrol auxiliary are always in need of The Salvation Army. SIR: I vet, have am a retired AVWI and new members. If any Legion member HOW DO YOU GIVE? made genealogy a hobby, which I Deposit any amount from $100 in our state is interested he can obtain up in cash, stocks, recommend to all as a fascinating one. ^ bonds, etc. information from any of our members with The Salvation Army. I would like to hear from persons or any Florida State Highway Patrol * Receive an Income Gift named Keach, Kccch, Keachey. Am Contract guaranteeing a station in his area. new high interest rate. seeking more info about my Keach Nathan A. Winstead HOW DOES YOUR GIFT RETURN? ancestors. Orniond Beach, Fla. You receive an annual or semi- H.'^RRY Baker annual amount depending on your J. age. Your gift, after your death, becomes available 1412 IF. Main SIR: My dad, Mr. Frank Driscoll, is in for the religious and humanitarian ministries of The Crawfordsville, hid. the .Minneapolis \'A Hospital. I've Salvation Army. You can leave it in the work of The Salvation Army as a memorial to you Sharpen up your letter-opener. been trying to get his old friends in or a loved one. Particulars on request. the Rainbow Division in "\A'WI to ASK FOR FREE LITERATURE Richly illustrated describing Income WEBSTER'S CREED write him, but I don't know where Gift Contracts and how to make a Will. SIR: .My father, C. Anson Goodhart, they are. Maybe they will read my Write today for gifts at Christmas had the Lord's letter and write to him. THE SALVATION ARMY Prayer printed on white silk and Robert Driscoll Brigadier Car/ J. Lindstrom framed them and gave them to some DasseL Minn. 860 N. Dearborn St., Chicago iO, Illinois 4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 PLAYING CARDS TINY PALM-SIZE CAMERA & CASE. pre- S-T-R-E-T-C-H ON FURNITURE COVERS "NEW FRONTIER" ELECTRIC CIGARETTE LIGHTER. ..No cards; Jack, the cision designed to take clear, finely ...One size fits any sofa or chair, re- It's all the Kennedys on wick, no lighter fuel needed! A quick Jackie, Queen of Hearts; Ted, detailed pictures... and it actually fits gardless of style or size. Washable, no Big Ace; flick of the switch & secret panel opens Ethel; Papa; Rose in the palm of your hand! Just 2" x IV2", iron, go on in a jiffy. 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IT HAPPENED IN OCTOBER

OCTOBER 19, 1781, the end of ONeffective British military opposition to the American Revolution was brought about by the entrapment of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Va. Hemmed in by the French Navy at sea under Admiral de Grasse, and Ameri- can and French forces ashore, under Washington and Lafayette, Cornwallis surrendered his army. John Trumbull, a patriot-artist and an aide-de-camp of Washington, painted the canvas above. ON OCTOBER 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus discovered land in the Western Atlantic and went ashore on a West Indies island — an event that led to the opening of the American continents to European explorers and settlers. Ninety- eight years later Theodorus de Bry, Ger- man engraver, published his image of the landing, at right, showing Columbus, his ships, some of his men, the erection of a cross, and natives bearing gifts. Columbus Landing on Hispaniola, from De Bry's 1590 book on the Indies.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 .

embracing name V^eterans Day. Some of the networks iiavc already sent us ad-

vance notice of Nov. 1 1 programs indi- EDITOR'S they understand that the cating that YOU CAN SAVE

meaning of the day is to celebrate our CORNER victories over the Kaiser, o\er Hitler, over Tojo, as well as the accomplishments YOUR HEARING! INSIDE CASTRO of our men and boys who kept at least half of Korea free — more than which rms ISSUE you get a closer look at The United States Public Health DN" they not permitted to do. Fidel Castro than you have had yet. were Service has published a booklet Vou even take a night ride tiirougii Ha- of vital interest to all who care IMMORTAL SPEECH vana in an auto w ith iiini as he brow beats THE about their hearing. This book- the British Ambassador to Cuba. You also YOU Kf.cAi.i. Tom .Mahoncy's piece DF let, entitled "How to Protect get intimate verification of w hat ou may about telephone dialing in our August > Your Hearing." tells what can have suspected: Castro is not only a com- issue then you will be impressed by his cause a loss of hearing, and how munist, but such an admirer of Adolf versatility when you read his "A Few to guard against losing your Hitler that he sees himself as the new Appropriate Remarks at Getty sburg," on hearing. It offers valuable sug- fuehrer of Latin America. W'c have Dr. page 12 of this issue. Here is a truly in- Sergio Rojas y Santamarina to thank for formative piece of Americana telling you gestions to those who have suf- this closeup. Dr. Rojas is one of the few- all about how Mr. Lincoln prepared the fered a hearing loss. It explains men who opposed Castro's communism Gettysburg Address exacth" 100 years the problems of hearing difficul- from the inside and li\ ed to tell the tale. ago, and what has become of the several ties in children. To obtain a free of it that in his own He was one of Castro's men in the re\olu- versions he wrote copy of this reliable, authorita- tion against Batista — so distinguished and hand. tive booklet, simply fill out the able that Castro named him Ambassador coupon below. to England. But Dr. Rojas isn't and never THE TOP MAN was a communist, and at the risk of his N^Rho'd want a Bi'.TTER authority on col- r FREE BOOKLET 1 life he broke away from the trap he found lecting old guns than Charles Ed- For your free copy of "How to Protect himself in as his homeland w as sold out ward Chapel, ("Fun and Profit from Gun Your Hearing," plus descriptive litera- Chapel, a to the reds by the bearded one. See "I Saw Collecting," page 14)? Mr. ture on Zenith Hearing Aids, just write: Cuba Betrayed" on page 10. member of the California legislature from Zenith Radio Corporation, Dept. 44X

Redondo Beach, undoubtedly has the 6501 W. Grand Ave., Cliicago 35, III. AN ASPIRIN FOR A COMRADE longest biography in If7.io'.f ]Vho in FWliLL YOU PARDON your editor if he Avierica of any gun collector. An aero- takes up the cudgels for your own nautical and ordnance engineer, a w riter Legion Post? It's that annual matter of of technical articles on both his profession getting the dues in for the next year. The and his hobbies since 1925, he has more ZONE STATE 1964 dues are payable at any time now, than 3,000 published articles, as well as and your Post has the membership cards books which include The Complete Book

to issue for the new Legion > car. Unless of Gun Collecting, and Guns of the Old you ha\c a paid adjutant — which few West — hoxh published in 1960. posts do — the business of collecting all the dues is up to a comrade just like your- NO END OF PROBLEMS self, who does the job for free, and to IF WE didn't have ENOui.li to w orr>- w hom it will be a headache until he has BS about, we have a letter from Alex them all in. You wouldn't begrudge him Miller, a member of Rugby Post in Brook- an aspirin if he needed it, we are sure. lyn, N.Y. with which we fully agree. How about shortening his headache many Some manufacturers, he notes, have taken months by shooting your dues down to to making mens' suits without lapel but- the Post now instead of sometime next tonholes, which means that not only the January? You are a pal! millions of Legionnaires, but the members of many other societies and orders NOV. 11 IS COMING who buy such suits have no place to wear BHE n.ation's war veterans will look with the lapel buttons of their organizations a Permanent Cash Account interest at what the broadcast net- lapel with an ice- unless they butcher the you can draw on anytime YOU like... works offer this year for \'eterans Day, pick. Icepicks being almost as scarce as Amount 24Monlhl| Nov. n. It was last Nov. 11 that ABC horses in modern homes, we count our- ol loan Payments 1. Send in Coupon $ioo J 5.93 discarded a \êterans Day program to put selves lucky that when xiY' bought such $300 $17.49 2. Return Loan Form on what it called a "political obituary" of a suit we had a marlinspike left over from SSOO $27. S9 3. Cash the Check Richard Nixon, with Alger Hiss as one our seafaring da>s with which to pierce Amount 30 Monthly of Yes, just 3 simple steps to get the $100 of the pallbearers. Loin Pltrmenlt \'eterans Day, we the fabric. is for SSOO J3S.2B to $1,0U0 cash that waiting you but that's not all! Your confidential might add, is not a da>- on which war Those who take a sinister view of Sl.OOO $42.92 Loan-By-Mail will automatically es- veterans selfishly look for adulation for things suspect that the elimination of tablish for you a Permanent Cash Account you can you need money for any purpose! themselves. It is the day on which we lapel buttonholes is a plot of tailors to draw on whenever Repay loan in small monthly installments. No co- celebrate the end of the great wars of destroy most of the fraternal orders in makers. Everything private. Clean up your bills now. established permanent credit, money this century, and its name meant more the land. Being more charitable, we look And also have that's yours to command whenever you likel No matterwhere when it was called Armistice Day, to on it as just another example of the fact you live, rush coupon. Loan Order Blank and Permanent Cash Account offer mailed free in plain envelope. No oblicration. mark the end of W\M. On the original that when someone comes up with a FINANCE CO 410 Kilpatrick Building Armistice Day— 1918—the country went bright idea, sober heads had better look DIAL Dept. 10-092 Omaha 2, Nebraska wild (for good reason, we think); as it at the consequences. And we suggest that DIAL FINANCE CO.. Dept.io 092 did again on VE Day and \'J Day in when bu\'ing a suit you ask the salesman 410 Kilpatrick BIdg., Omaha 2, Neb. 1945. Nov. 11 became Vêterans Day dur- to show you the lapel buttonhole. That's Rush FKEE Loan Order Blank. Permanent Cash Account Offer. ing the first Eisenhower Administration, the best way to put a stop to this right Name in case you want to know, to reduce the now. Kiwanis, Lions, Elks, Boy Scouts, number of holidays. VE Day was hauled VFW, DAV, AMXÊTS. Eagles, Rotary Addre33_

out of April, VJ Day out of September, and all other lodges, organizations and _ Zone State.

and their meaning was lumped into the orders please copy. Amount you want to borrow S original Armistice Day, under the all- R. B. P.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 7 > BOOKS i

slowly out of the darkness; the strait and The American Museum of Natural His- Centuries of 24 IVIelville Island were before them; the pas- tory. The Young Pathfinder's Book of sage was discovered." Snakes, by Hilda Simon, hart publishing Polar Exploration In 1853, Captain McClintock, famous as CO., $3.95. A beautifully illustrated book on the inventor of the system of depots and the snake realm that will inform and delight relays which have been used by all polar young people. explorers since his time, received word from a detachment from his ship that it Street Without Joy, by Bernard B. Fall, the had found a message left on Alelville Island stackpole CO., $5.95. The war in Indochina by McClure. And so the Northwest Pas- from 1946 to 1963. sage was at last knov\ n and mapped. The adventure and romance of modern Indian Wars the U.S. Army (I776 I865), polar exploration have been caught by Mr. of by Fairfax Dow ney. doubleday' & co., $4.75. Victor as he records the experiences of account of significant Indian battles Cook and Peary at the North Pole, Scott An wars, as the American frontier spread and Amundsen at the South Pole, and of and south and west. Charcot, Papanin and Byrd, as well as the adventures of many less famous polar per- sonalities. He details accounts of the first Woman Into Space, by Jerrie Cobb with icebreaker, the first airplane, the first sub- Jane Rieker. prentice-hall, inc., $4.95. The marine and the first atomic submarine. The story of the woman who has satisfied the book carries the reader up to the Interna- criteria for space flight set by NASA and tional Geophysical \'car 1957-5S, and the who hopes to be America's first lady astro- Treaty of the Antarctic with its 30-year naut. North Pole seen thru a periscope. guarantee for peaceful exploration. But what the future holds for the Ant-

MAN AND THE CONQUEST OF THE arctic both economically and politically is ,4 Guide to Bird Watching, by Joseph J. POLES, by Paul-F.milc \'ictor. simon and still only a question mark on the world's Hickey. doubleday anchor book, $1.25. scHtsTER, 16.95. Back in the 4th century map. Published in cooperation with The Ameri- B.C., a man by the name of Pytheas can Museum of Natural History, budding voyaged northw ard from his home port of ornithologists will find this a useful pocket Marseilles and became the first explorer in World War II In The Air — Europe, edited reference work. the annals of recorded history to go beyond by Ma). James F. Sunderman, USAF. the FR.\NKi.iN WA ns, INC., $5.95. .\ccounts of the Arctic Circle. He w rote a book about The United Nations Reconsidered, edited by his experiences w hich is now lost, and only war for the air told movingly in the words Raymond A. iMoore, Jr. univ. of south the writings of his detractors remain to of men who flew the missions as well as CAROLINA PRESS, $3. A Collection of reports indicate that such a trip was ever made. correspondents w ho went along with them. appraising the present day value of the After Pytheas, Arctic exploration lay United Nations, made at the time the $200 dormant until the 6th century when Gaelic John Ransom's Diary, by John L. Ransom. million bond issue was under discussion. monks discovered the Faroe Islands, Jan PAUL s. ERIKSSON, INC., S5.95. The diary of a .Ma\ en Island, Iceland and possibly North captured Union soldier from Nov. 22, 1863 America. Then came the legcndar>' \'ikings to Dec. 25, 1864, objectively describing life A Soldier Priest Talks To Youth, by Patrick and after them silence for some seven cen- house, $3.95. The former in Andersonville and other southern prison J. Ryan, random turies. During that time the Basques and camps. chief of Army chaplains offers some sound, Celts ventured into northern waters, but hard-hitting advice to youth. little is know n of their efforts or their Keynesianism — Retrospect and Prospect, successes. by \V. W. Hutt. HENRY re(;nerv CO., $7.50. Under the Red Dragon, by Harold H. Mar- The Englishman, John Cabot, aboard his A critical study of the economic theories set tinson. AUCSBUR(; PUBLISHINC HOUSE, $1.50. ship the Matthew in 1497, is generally forth by John Maynard Key nes. compilation of individual experiences of credited w ith being the first modern polar A persons w ho lived through the communist explorer, though the e\ idence is not con- China. clusive. Some scholars credit the Dane, Elephant Valley, by Elizabeth Balneaves. takeover in Joao Corterrcal, in 1472, and others say that RANI) .mcnali.v & CO., $4.95. In describing Coins, arco Columbus was also exploring in northern the life of Joe Brooks, Game and Fsetse Counterfeit U.S. by Don Taxay, waters at around the same time as the Supervisor in Northern Rhodesia, this book PUBLISHING CO., $4.50. A study of unauthor- Danes. gives us a picture of conditions in that part ized U.S. coins, that will appeal to col- All were motivated by the lure of reach- of the world. lectors. ing the wcaltii of the Indies by sailing west via a Northwest Passage. But that passage Faces From the Fire, by Leonard Mosley. Emergency Medical Guide, by John Hen- was to persistently elude them until 1850, PRENTICE-HALL, INC., $4.50. The biography derson, M.D. MCCRAW-HILL CO., $2.95. A when an Irishman, Robert AlcClure, sailing of Sir Archibald Mclndoe, British plastic home guide written to assist persons who in an expedition commanded by Richard surgeon who remade the faces of pilots must meet emergency medical situations Collinson, became icebound about 30 nauti- disfigured while fighting the Battle of when no doctor is available. cal miles from .Melville Sound. Collin- The Britain. son expedition w as seeking Sir John Frank- lin his and lost ships, the Erebus and the Let's Rejoin The Human Race, by Joseph Where Trade Winds Blow, Terror, not heard from since 1845. by Bill Robinson. July 27, H. Peck, M.D. prentice-hall, inc., $3.95. McClure, believing the CHARLES scribner's SONS, $7.50. Photos and best way to find Dr. Peck, who started w riting books at 72, Franklin would be to seek text depict the lure of southern waters in the Northwest speaks out with youthful vigor on old age Passage for w hich Franklin had been look- this book which will appeal to boat lovers and the welfare state. ing, was attempting to pass through Bar- and to those who think they'd like to take row Strait when he became icebound. Un- a small-boat trip. deterred, on October 26 he organized an The Last Caprice, by Robert S. Menchin. overland expedition and "after five days of Snakes In Fact And Fiction, by James A. SIMON AND SCHUSTER, $2.95. Bizarre wills of hell, they arrived at the tip of Banks Island Oliver, doubleday & co., paperback, $1.25. all kinds, lengths and sentiments, that will

. . . With the map stretched out before If snakes interest you, so will this book amuse and entertain you. him, McClure watched the view loom up about them, written by the Director of CSH

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 Photo Padcrewskt Founflatlon His second mission? Secretary of State Robert Lansing was surprised one day when the pianist called to discuss a reunited Poland. "What does a pianist know," Lansing wondered, "about international politics?" On January 8, 1918, President Wood- row Wilson presented to Congress his 14-point program for peace. The 13th of these read: "An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indis- putably Polish populations... whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed After 22 years, a plaque finally marks Paderewski's resting place by international covenant." The wording was Paderewski's. Paderewski gave up political life in Paderewski's Unmarked Grave 1921, after presiding as Poland's pre- mier for two years, and resumed his music career, which he was to pursue Thousands passed by each year, unaware of his presence until his retirement in 1939. In that year, the beginning of WWII, Poland was overrun by Hitler's Germany and VERY FEW PEOPLE haVC every trace of Polish indi- Paderewski, after first refusing, accepted been aware that for 22 viduality, they had never the position of president of Poland's ex- years the remains of the succeeded in stamping out ile government in 1940. Later that year, great PoHsh musician and the spark of hope that still he returned to the United States where, statesman— Ignace Jan Pad- lived in the hearts of the on June 29, 1941, he died, at 80. erewski—have rested below Polish people. Now, the Paderewski wanted to be buried in his the U.S.S. Maine Memori- spark flamed and Polish beloved Poland when it was free again, al in Arlington National leaders were hopefully pre- and, until that time. President Franklin Cemetery. For most of that paring for the war's end— Roosevelt offered his family Arlington time, no marker identified for the day when statesmen Cemetery as a temporary resting place. his grave. from all over the world Roosevelt probably thought that Po- "But why is Paderewski would meet at a conference land would be free when the Nazis were in the Maine Memorial and table to draw the new boun- driven out, within a year or two or three. Ignace Jan Paderewski why was his grave so long dary lines of Europe. If the At any rate he did not use his Presi- unmarked?" asks anyone who hears the century-old dream of a free and reunited dential authority to provide for a mark- story for the first time. Poland was ever to be realized, it would er for Paderewski's "temporary" resting Paderewski was buried in Arlington be then. place. But as the beaten Nazi armies on July 5, 1941. But the answers to the Paderewski arrived in the United moved to the west, the new darkness, questions begin many years earlier, States with a double mission to perform. long distrusted by Paderewski, moved when, as a boy. Paderewski vowed that The first — to raise money for Polish into Poland from the Soviet Union. Two if he ever succeeded in making a name war relief — was by far the easier. Pad- or three years stretched out to more than for himself in the world of music, he erewski traveled thousands of miles, 20, and Poland was not free to receive would, when the time came, put the through every state in the Union, to tell its hero, who remained in his unmarked weight of that name wholly at the service the story of Poland to his friends in tomb in Arlington. Polish-American of Poland, his native country. He never America. "I have to speak to you about groups and the Paderewski Foundation wavered from his vow. a country that is not yours," he would all tried to have a marker put up. But the It was in 1891 that Paderewski made begin, "in a language that is not mine." Army, following the rules that govern his American debut as a pianist at Car- In freedom-loving America the story had burial in Arlington, refused. Paderewski negie Hall in New York. The date was a peculiarly ironic plot. Self-governing was there temporarily and he was a non- November 17, the eve of his 31st birth- since the 15th century, Poland had been American non-service man. day. His electrifying impact on this one of the first nations in the world to It took years, the power of the press, country was without parallel in our mu- advance the principles on which Ameri- the pressure of various members of Con- sical nistory. ca had been founded. Yet Poland had gress and intercession by the President Nearly 24 years later, in January, lost her independence four years before before a memorial tablet would be erect- 1915, with the coming of WWI, the pi- America's had been declared. ed to honor this great man. anist — his name made: a vow to fulfill Americans who contributed in re- On May 9, 1963, President Kennedy —came to the United States to make a sponse to the Polish patriot's plea were ascended the steps of the U.S.S. Maine different kind of nationwide tour. He unaware that he had already given his Memorial to dedicate the plaque and was coming to plead the cause of a na- entire fortune, the fruit of nearly 25 address the assembly of Cabinet mem- tion that did not exist, of a country that years on the concert stage as the great- bers, congressmen and Polish-American had been wiped olT the map of Europe est living pianist, to Polish relief. (In groups. Recalling President Roosevelt's more than 100 years before. Three times 1925, when the American Legion's En- promise in 1941 that Paderewski's body -in 1772, 1793. and 1795-the kingdom dowment Fund was started and contri- would be returned to Poland when the of Poland had been hacked apart and di- butions were being solicited, Paderewski land is free, the President continued, vided among its neighbors. But although gave four concerts for the sole benefit of "That day has not yet come, but I be- German, Austrian and Russian conquer- the Fund, totaling almost $30,000. It lieve that in this land of the free Pade- ors had worked ruthlessly at suppressing was the largest individual contribution.) rewski rests easily." hv Ruth Hume

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 9 a ! 1

I Saw Cuba Betrayed

Dr. Rojas By Dr. SERGIO ROJAS y SANTAMARINA

Obtain letter aiul dispatch to ine at once. Those words came to me in code, via a secret radio transmitter, from Fide! Castro, then leading revolutionary forces in Cuba's Sierra Maestra MATCH — lUDM riCTOKIAL PARADE Mountains.

It was August 1958. I was in Caracas, The next morning my communist with a wealth of intelligence sources Venezuela, devoting all my efforts to caller was back— this time with the ad- open to me—did I learn the truly shock-

Castro's cause, buying ammunition, dress where f could pick up the letter. ing truth of what was in that letter. guns, raising funds, operating a secret It was in the old part of the city, an It was, my London informants re- short-wave radio network. unobtrusive, side street residence that vealed, far more than a mere assurance That message had come in response turned out to be Venezuelan Communist of camaraderie and support for the to one I had sent to Castro, requesting Party headquarters. Cuban revolution. instructions. Once inside the house, I was taken It was a statement that the commu- A commimist functionary had called into a library where a number of lead- AL'THOU'ri I'HOTO at my offices in Caracas the previous ing communists—the red hierarchy for afternoon. This caller, whose name was all .South America—were gathered. I Severo Aguirre, had just returned from knew several of them by name. in their words to a conference with the No. 1 communist They were guarded in Brazil, Luis Carlos Prestes. He in- me. They were coldly informative. "This

formed me of a letter I must pick up document is of the utmost importance and get through to Castro in Cuba— to Castro and the revolution against Dic- letter Moscow apparently wanted Castro tator Batista." I was told. alone to read. They gave me a sealed white enve- life I was certain Fidel would reject such lope. I had the feeling that my very this missive to an obvious bid. 1 said to the communist depended on getting caller: "I will have to let you know." Fidel.

I set Hours later. 1 had the reply to for- Using a secret courier route had Venezuela and Castro's ward the document. up between The author, right, with Pakistan and Yugoslav- in I got the let- When I read those words from Fidel- mountain forces Cuba. ian diplomats Yousuf and Vejvoda, when Rojas Fidel in whom millions of noncommu- ter through within 24 hours. was Ambassador to Great Britain for Castro. nist Cubans like myself had put their This was, for me, the beginning of Castro as the faith and their futures— I felt a chill of suspicion, this first overt act of the in- nists were ready to back alarm for ourselves, for the cause of ternational reds to capture Castro. new fiielirer of all of Latin America—

freedom. But it was suspicion only. And in rev- indeed of the Western Hemisphere. It as informant put it, "The Yet, I could not be sure. I did not olution, as in all war, you follow orders. was, one know the facts completely. It was only You cannot question every move. Khrushchev Doctrine to replace the the edge of doubt, the sharp, knifing Not until months later—when I was Monroe Doctrine as the guiding light edge. Cuba's Ambassador to Great Britain, of all the Americas."

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 I

In 1957, I was an average young Gastro's first Ambassador to Britain reveals how Cuban living in Havana with my wife and five-year-old daughter, engaged in managing certain of my Revolution was sold out to the reds. business and the Cuban family's properties.

I took no part in politics at that time,

but I was growing increasingly outraged and heartsick at the corrupt, gangster- ridden tyranny and murder of the Ful- gencio Batista regime. Fidel Castro by then was waging revolution in the mountains of the Sierra Maestra. His strength grew daily. He was the symbol of liberation from Ba- tista. He was the hope of us all. Loving my country, revolted at Ba-

tista's killings, I put aside my personal business interests to join Castro's underground in Havana. His underground 26th of July Move- ment-named after his abortive military attack in Santiago de Cuba in 1953— spread like hidden grass-fire across our island. His support came from every class and group, including the middle, intellectual and professional classes. Fidel-a new Hitler? Such an idea would have been laughed out of exist- ence at that stage. Six years later, in exile in West Germany, I compiled facts that showed how terrifyingly similar were the lives of these two men of vio- lence. Then came the firing squads, and instead of elections, a Red Regime at gunpoint. But in those early days, we had no time for such questions or considera- tions. This document purportedly outlined How could such a thing happen? How I turned my back on everything but in vast detail South American history could I, an educated Cuban, member the revolution and became a rising new

and destiny. It likened Castro to a new of a fairly well-to-do middle-class fami- power in it. Batista agents dogged my Simon Bolivar. As Bolivar had driven ly, find myself trapped in a cause that steps. My wife, mother and daughter Spanish power out of the Americas, so was ruthlessly driving toward everything were arrested, and held for hours as

Castro would drive out the Yankee from I opposed? How could I have become Batista intelligence men tried to pump all of Latin America—backed by the a supposedly proud Ambassador to Eng- information out of them about my ac- power of Moscow and world commu- land—representing this traitor of free- tivities. nism. dom? I could not jeopardize their lives any

He was to be one of the three red I believe— in view of the cataclysmic longer. I slipped them out of Cuba— to

giants—Khrushchev in Europe. Mao scope of the peril Castro represents to- Caracas, where I followed to coordinate

Tse-tung in Asia, Castro in the Western day—that I have an obligation to the Castro's revolution abroad. Caracas was Hemisphere. world to answer these questions. Having the center of all our activities outside of In September 1960, Castro himself just completed a lecture tour of America, Cuba's borders. Venezuela backed Fidel revealed this goal to a friend of mine, I know the questions Americans are ask- completely after the overthrow of Pre- a Cuban who is now a Wall Street brok- ing. I believe this story must be told now. mier Perez Jimenez in 1958. er. Driving with Castro alone from Our combined efforts in Cuba and Varadero Beach to the south coast of throughout the Caribbean, plus support Cuba, my friend proposed a quiet ap- from other Latin American peoples and proach with the American government from groups in the United States, at last in order to settle all differences. brought victory.

Castro answered: "I do not trust the When it came in 1959, I flew to

Americans. Besides, history is on the Havana. I embraced Fidel at the en- side of communism. Capitalism is trance to the city. We had talked many doomed. I am riding the wave of the times—guardedly— via short wave. But future. I will negotiate with the United this was our first actual meeting. I States only when I sit in the White marched in beside him and his followers House." to the roaring welcome of millions of I did not know any of this on that my countrymen. Humberto Son' Marin, a friend of Castro's, August day when I dispatched the sealed In one of our first conferences in was first Minister of Agriculture, then, envelope to the man who supposedly when he opposed communism, he was a Havana, with several conversations go- was leading Cuban forces to a new day dead man. Dictator Castro had him shot ing on at once, Fidel came over, put his of freedom. in the legs first, so that he would bend. (Continued on page 46)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 \\ ''A few appropriate remarks GETTYSBURG

100 years ago they asked a President to

keep his remarks short — and he did.

By TOM MAHONEY used six times. Several short words, "the little fellers" HUNDRED YEARS AGO this No- Lincoln loved, were repeated ONEvember 19, Abraham Lincoln, many times. Among them our tallest President, pulled his were "we" and "so." Of the lank frame from a rocking chair toward total, 190 are of one syllable the end of a long program just outside and 56 of two syllables. of Gettysburg, Pa. Behind him in or- Nearly all are Anglo-Saxon dered rows were the fresh graves of the words. Descriptive adjectives dead of the great Civil War battle fought and adverbs as well as super- there the previous July. In front stood a latives are absent. tired and restless crowd of 10,000, many Lincoln arranged these in the blue uniform of the Union Army. simple words in majestic The day had dawned dark and stormy phrases and directed them but by noon the clouds had vanished. to an audience beyond the The sun was shining as the President, battlefield, beyond the year, wearing his black Prince Albert coat, beyond his century. They stepped to the edge of the platform hold- speak as eloquently for the ing a folded sheet of paper. As he basic ideals of freedom and glanced through his spectacles at the democracy in 1963 as they paper, the crowd applauded politely and did in 1863. Millions con- became silent. tinue to read them in books, "Fourscore and seven years ago," he admire them on the Lincoln THE MESERVE COLLECTION began, "our fathers brought forth on Memorial in Washington, this continent a new nation, conceived D.C., and on a monument, the first in in liberty and dedicated to the proposi- the world to a speech, in the Gettysburg Before drafting his own talk, Lincoln tion that all men are created equal." Cemetery. They have been translated studied Everett's "featured" speech His voice was thin and high. Our idea into countless languages and have ap- first. He had it on the table when that Lincoln's voice was deep is de- peared on postage stamps. he posed for this photo November 8. rived from his impersonators rather than As remarkable as the speech's popu- are history. But it carried well in the mild, larity are the myths and legends that envelope or a scrap of paper. There autumn air. In less than two minutes, have developed about its preparation, even accounts of Andrew Carnegie lend- he delivered his final and longest sen- delivery and reception. Most persistent ing him a pencil for this purpose. It is pub- tence: "it is rather for us to be here is the idea that Lincoln spoke with little believed widely that newspapers dedicated to the great task remaining or no preparation; that on the train to lished only the two-hour address of Ed- before us— that from these honored dead Gettysburg he jotted a few notes on an ward Everett, the orator of the day, and we take increased devotion to that cause PHOTOS for which they here gave the last full . ARMV SIGNAL COUPS. FROM CULVER measure of devotion— that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." He spoke only ten sentences. These total 269 words on the paper in his hand, 270 as he spoke (he added "under God" and forgot "poor") and 272 words as

he revised it later. The vocabulary em- hear the battlefield dedication. ployed was much less. "Dedicate" was Union troops march through Gettysburg to

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 couldn't make that date, the ceremony was postponed until November 19. Lincoln's invitation to speak was not sent until November 2. It was a carefully worded letter from David Wills of Gettysburg, a lawyer who was the

leading spirit in the cemetery project. He made it plain that Everett would deliver "the Oration" but asked that Lincoln "formally set apart these grounds to their sacred use by a few appropriate remarks." Wills also invited the President to stay at the Wills home in Gettysburg. Lincoln promptly accepted both invitations. He began thinking about his speech while dealing with many other matters. The war continued. ©BACHHACH — FHOM CULVER PHOTOS

Bachrach photo at Gettysburg, taken for Leslie's Weeltly. Lincoln's address was so short that no camera- man was ready to snap before he finished speaking.

He had to go to a wedding. His son. Tad, was ill. Lincoln had two secretaries, John G. Nicolay and John Hay, but no speech writers or researchers. "Had the Gettysburg address been written by a committee," comments Theodore C. Sorensen, currently engaged This is the first draft in such work at the White House, "its ten sentences of the Gettysburg Address, the would surely have been hedged and the world would, first page in White House sta- indeed, have little noted or long remembered what tionery, the second on ruled was said there." Lincoln wrote his own. By way of ii note paper. Note change to "we here be dedicated" on preparation, he talked to the Department of Agricul- first page. ture man, William Saunders of Germantown, Pa., who designed the Gettysburg Cemetery, actually lo- ignored Lincoln's moving eloquence. Let's examine the evidence. cated in adjoining Cumberland Township. The date was set for the convenience of Everett, considered the The President also read and praised an advance most polished orator of the time. He had been a Boston minister, copy of Everett's address. The Boston Journal put President of Harvard, Governor of Massachusetts, U.S. Senator, this into type early and Everett sent proofs to the Minister to England and Secretary of State. He donated the pro- President and many newspapers. Lincoln took his ceeds of a lecture tour to preserving Mount Vernon. He was invited with him when he sat for a photograph on November in September to speak at Gettysburg on October 23. When he 8, and it can be seen on the (Continued on page 39)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 I3 Fun and Profit from GUN COLLECTING

Knowledge of the arms that shaped history can be fascinating and lucrative.

By CHARLES EDWARD CHAPEL

SOMETIME DURING 1940, a grizzlcd old miner walked into a San Francisco gun shop, placed a Colt

Model 1 849, pocket percussion revolver on the counter and asked what the deal-

er would pay for it. The dealer examined

it and found that it was cal. .31, 5-shot, with a round-back trigger guard, a loading-lever, a 4-inch barrel, and was marked on the barrel: "Address Saml Colt, Hartford, Ct." At that time, this revolver was worth $9 if in good condition, which meant that there must be some original finish, all parts original, with some signs of wear but no abuse, little or no rust, and in good working order. In fine condition,

it was worth $12, and this meant that 75% of the original finish must be present, all parts original, sharp factory markings, and perfect working order.

The "Hartford, Ct." marking made it worth about 20% more than the same revolver marked "Address Saml Colt, New York City," because collectors of Mr. Ludwig Olson, curator of the National Rifle Association, holding a Savage old guns are just as particular about pistol. This gun lost out to the Colt .45 In U.S. Service pistol tests in 1911. small details as are stamp and coin collectors. would have ofi'ered the miner $6 for this Oak" engraving, it is worth $300 in good Before making an offer, the dealer ex- particular revolver because it was in fine condition and $450 in fine condition. amined the markings with a magnifying condition from the viewpoint of antique These are retail prices, the amounts that glass and found that the words "Charter firearm collectors. The words engraved are charged by dealers, and by collectors Oak Stock" were finely engraved on the on the trigger guard strap, however, selling to one another. trigger strap. Ordinarily, guard the deal- aroused some latent memory in the deal- The big jump in prices from 1940 to er would pay not more than 50% of er's mind. He offered the miner $30 1963 was only partly caused by the de- the retail price, which means that he which was accepted. creased buying power of the dollar. ©THE i;UN COLLKI TOliS H.^NDBOOK OF VALUES-CHAPEL That night the dealer, wondering if There are a limited number of genuine he had paid too much, read a book on Colt percussion revolvers and a con- the history of the Colt factory and found stantly increasing number of people who that during a wind storm in 1856, a collect antique firearms. Supply and de- famous tree called the "Charter Oak" mand are the primary factors in deter- had blown down and the owner of the mining the value of old guns. Condition

tree gave it to Samuel Colt for making comes second, but it is important be-

grips (handles) for revolvers. Colt cause a gun in fine condition is usu- marked the trigger guard straps of really worth about 50% more than one

volvers with grips made from the in good condition. If it is in fine original Charter Oak with the engraving that the factory condition, elaborately engraved, dealer had found on the specimen he equipped with carved ivory grips, or in purchased from the miner. an original case with the original acces- The Paterson Colt Revolver, Cal. .36, 5-shot, with The next day the dealer sold the re- sories for cleaning, loading and firing, 4.75-inch barrel, concealed trigger, and usual volver for the revolver the value markings. Cased with mold, extra cylinder, com- $75. Today, same climbs astronomically. bination tool, priming device, combination pow- without the "Charter Oak" engraving is Samuel Colt made a wide variety of der and bullet flask, cleaning rod and extra 12- worth $100 in good condition and $150 firearms at his first factory at Paterson, inch barrel. Its value, with original case: $6,000. in fine condition. With the 'Charter N. J., usually marked "Patent Arms M'g

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 SOME RARE GUNS AND THEIR APPROXIMATE VALUES.

Springfield Rifled Musket, M. L. . .$60-$90

Harper's Ferry Rifled Musl

Austrian Rifle, M. L $40 $60 3^

Belgian Rifle, M.L $40-$60

Jager Rifle, M.L $40-$60

>.K,,,,^^t..^^^K^-^". "'"^x"

Harper's Weekly front-paged sharpshooting in 1861. Ballard Rifle, B. L $40 $60

Spencer Rifle, B. L $50-$75 Henry Carbine, (Repeater) $280-$420 with brass frame $350-$475 with iron frame

The Paterson revolver with the original case and accessories was then worth on the retail market $1,000 in good condition, $1,500 in fine condition, and if the whole outfit had been in the original factory condition, it would have been worth $2,000. The collector who bought it sold it early in 1963 for $6,000, which, since it was in fine condition, was a reasonable price. If it had been in "factory new" condition

it would have been worth at least $10,000.

is as a reference year because it was A beautiful cased pair of percussion dueling pistols The year 1940 used with accessories made by Thomas K. Baker of London. a transition year when collectors began to get away from insisting on Colt percussion weapons, flintlock firearms such Co. Paterson, N. J. Colt's Ft." on the barrel. These were as the Kentucky Rifle, and other early arms, and started to revolving-cylinder weapons, including revolvers, muskets, specialize in later productions. One field which interested musketoons (short muskets), rifles, carbines (short rifles), them was a group of percussion revolvers converted at the and shotguns. All of them were percussion-fire, commonly end of the Civil War from percussion to cartridge fire, espe- called '"cap-and-ball" by beginners. cially Colt revolvers. A big demand had not yet been created Collectors and dealers pay more for the revolvers than for for ' conversions," hence the prices were comparatively low. the shoulder arms, and value the rifles, carbines, muskets, For example, the Colt Army Revolver, Model 1848, also and musketoons much higher than the shotguns. Revolvers known as the Old Model Holster Pistol, and the Dragoon are probably more popular because they are easier to exhibit, Colt, when converted to fire cal. .44 rim-fire cartridges, re- store and move, but there is no particular reason for the fact tailed at $65 in good condition and $100 in fine condition. that shotguns are valued less than other shoulder arms. In- These prices applied to the revolver with a 7.5-inch round cidentally, this applies to all shotguns and not merely those barrel with octagonal breech, marked "Address Sam'l Colt, made by Colt or shotguns of any particular ignition period. New York City." It was 6-shot, with a total length of 14 Going back to 1940 again, a New York gun collector inches, had a hinged loading lever and other features of the found in a pawnshop a Colt percussion revolver, cal. .36, original percussion model except that the conversion was 5-shot, with a 9-inch octagonal barrel marked "Patent Arms accomplished by cutting off the cylinder and inserting a re- M'g Co. Paterson, N. J. Colt's Pt." in the original case with movable breech plate with slots through which the hammer

Paterson-made accessories, including an extra cylinder, bul- (and its nose) could hit the cartridge primers. It is possible let mold, priming device (capper), combination tool, and to remove the converted cylinder and have a percussion-fire combination bullet-and-powder flask. The revolver had a revolver that can be equipped with a percussion-cap cylinder. loading lever under the barrel with a hook shaped spring This conversion in 1963 retailed for $400 in good condition catch and a concealed (folding) trigger. The ivory grips and $600 in fine condition. Variations in the method of were deeply carved. The collector bought the revolver, the conversion, barrel length, caliber, and other details raise or case, and the accessories for $500 because the dealer did not lower these values, depending largely on the individual col- know anything about antique arms and had received the lector's anxiety to add a specimen to his collection. whole outfit as a pledge for a loan of $200. Almost everyone knows about Ken- (Continued on page 44)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 15 By NORMAN BEASLEY (Norman Beasley, who tells here the The Capture of the story his brother, the late Colonel Peter Beasley. told him, died in July of this year, shortly after he completed this article.)

FEBRUARY 1945, my brother, the INlatC Peter Beasley, then a U.S. Army Colonel, was summoned to GERMAN Washington from the battlefields of Europe. Along with other chosen intelligence units, he was charged by Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of War, with (1) ROCKET the capture of the Speer Ministry, devel- oper of Germany's rocket weapons; (2) the capture of all possible intelligence pertaining to rocket weapons; and (3) the rendering of a documented report SECRETS on the effects of Allied bombing of Ger- man industry. Early in 1929, German engineers had begun studying rocket and jet propul- sion to be used for transporting mail. In 1933, when Adolf Hitler became Chancellor, these studies were shifted to military uses, and the scientists were An inside story of our instructed to explore all ideas, however fanciful. Prof. Dr. Wernher von Braun, technical director of the group of scientists employed by the Speer Ministry search for hidden German on rocket research, was continued in that capacity. Huge sums were made available to the Ministry and huge sums data as Nazidom crumbled. were wasted, but the research produced weapons, the best known of which were the V-1 and V-2 rocket weapons. Others were: the rocket-propelled sun's rays, thus setting fire to any de- the nerve center of the V-2 rocket pro- missile (the Natter) carrying a human sired object; and the turbo-jet fighters, gram. Following a devastating air at- pilot who escaped by parachute, leaving the ME 162 and the ME 262. tack by the British in August 1943, the the missile to rip into a bomber forma- The V-1 missile was developed in the German Ministry for Armament and tion: a three-winged airplane (the Trub- Volkswagen works in Fallersleben and War Production moved the V-2 missile flugel Flugzing) which took off straight was produced in quantity at three plants; underground. The place chosen was up: anti-aircraft rockets (the Taifun and Mittelwerke in Nordhausen, Bruns Nordhausen, in central Germany. Pro- Wasserfall), the latter having tremen- Werge in Stettin, and in the Volkswagen duction began in February 1944. dous explosive power for use against works in Fallersleben. When launched When the European phase of World heavy bomber formations; 400-foot gun against England in June 1944, the Ger- War II ended in May 1945, the V-1 and barrels, proximity fuses, infra-red hom- mans had about 12,000 of these missiles V-2 missiles were in full production. ing devices, and rocket assisted artillery; on hand. Approximately 25% of them Getting into production were the Taifun a solar mirror to float a mile above the were defective. and Wasserfall weapons; in the blueprint earth's surface and bring into focus the Peenemunde, on the Baltic Sea, was stage was the A-9 weapon, the most

Y Wernher von Braun, center, surrenders to 7th Army. First Army captures a V-2 in Bromskirchen, April 3, 1945. Peter Beasley, the author's brother. Test firing captured V-2 rocket motor near Lehesten, Germany, shortly after VE Day.

DEPT. OF DEtUNSE advance of Allied ground forces, its personnel was scattered into the Black Forest and the protection of the Alps. Through intelligence sources. Washington and London knew of the dis- persal and of the burning of all but key documents. Not known was the whereabouts of the Speer personnel and the hiding places for these key documents. In March 1945, the town of Bad Eilsen was captured. Located about 20 miles from Hanover, Bad Eilsen was the headquarters of Focke-Wulfe. one of the largest two manufacturers of fighter aircraft in Germany. In the town were two or three hotels that housed some 1,500 engineers and technical people assigned to the Focke-Wulfe Co. Following right behind the advancing Allies was the Colonel under orders from Washington. His cadre comprised two other commissioned officers and two sergeants, one of the latter especially fluent in German. After days of interrogation, Focke-Wulfe officials admitted possessing key drawings and records. They had hidden them in the basement walls of one of the buildings. The documents and drawings were sent to the headquarters of General Eisen- hower. From Bad Eilsen, the search party moved on to Kassel where the Fieseler aircraft was made, but not without an omi- nous warning. A soldier who had been detailed to guard the Uncovering a box of German secret data hidden in a cave. Colonel's airplane (a C-47) was found tied to a tree, stabbed to death.

lethal of all the weapons the Germans had conjured up. In Kassel. the officials of Fieseler were interrogated. Their The V-2 missile was an extraordinary weapon. Devel- replies, matched with the answers given by the Focke-Wulfe officials, oped over a period of ten years, work on it had progressed caused the Colonel to suspect that members of the Speer Ministry by the war's end so that it had a range of more than 200 were hiding in that general area and that key

miles and a maximum speed of 3.500 miles an hour. It was records of German missile weapons had also been hidden

so fast that it could not be seen by the human eye nor by nearby.

radar. Consequently it was able to land on its target before He requested, and was given, permission from American the rumble of its approach could be heard. Fortunately for authorities to search the depths of the Harz Mountains and England, the war ended before many were used, although the Black Forest. Early in April he took over a barracks in in London Selfridge's department store was hit, as was the Ilfeld, a town a few miles north of Nordhausen. Unknowingly, Piccadilly Theatre, a railroad station and a number of he had commandeered the same barracks that had been oc- dwellings in the residential section. cupied by George Richkey, the Director General of all Ger- Fortunately for the United States and Canada, the A-9 man rocket weapon production. The next morning the Colonel was no further along than the blueprint stage. This weapon and his party set out to explore the countryside.

was designed as a winged V-2. It was to carry a crew, be Without trouble they located the Mittelwerke underground equipped with pressurized cabins, a retroacting undercar- plant between Ilfeld and Nordhausen. where a large percent- riage, and special aerodynamic aids for landing. Its range age of all the V-l's and V-2's were made. Located in a hill, was more than 3.000 miles, and its anticipated speed more the underground plant was 800 to 1,000 feet beneath the than 3,500 miles an hour. surface. There were two tunnels, each two miles long, about The Speer Ministry was headquartered in Berlin, but 32 feet wide and 35 feet high. The two tunnels were situated under the pressure of bombing from the air and the steady about a half mile from each other. (Continued on page 35)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 17 By JOHN M. THOMAS WITHOUT MAKING a large investment, how would you like to have your own place in the

woods where you could: ( 1 ) Earn an income by growing timber, (2) Hunt and maybe fish, (3) Make money by charging for hunting and fishing privileges, (4) Build a place for vacation living to which you could eventually retire, and, (5) Feel that you were helping in this nation's conservation program? The foregoing probably sounds like some of the advertising copy you've read offering lots in various parts of the United States. However, there's a dif- ference, for the land we're considering here would probably be located within driving distance of your home, and would be land you could use now. not Left: Darrell Klanke's ten acres will help him through college. His dad, A. D. Klanke when you reach retirement age. Your of Buckley, Wash., and Joe Buhaly, Pierce County Extension Forester, (white shirt) place in the woods would also make advise him. Right: Storekeeper Allan Mosser of Dundas, III., is a part-time tree farmer. money for you without a lot of work and without special training, and free

forestry advice is usually available from state and private sources. This bonanza which pays such dividends in money and recreational opportunities is tree farming, but a kind of America's Part-Time Tree tree farming that operates pretty much by remote control. Everyone has heard of tree farming conducted by large timber interests or by farmers who grow trees on some of Townfolk invest in their own woodlands and get their acreage in order to provide them- j selves with ready cash or to make money private, retreats with which to put their children through (1) woodsy and (2) long term gains college. That isn't the kind we're talking

about. The kind we're talking about is a relatively new development. An individual buys timberland, gen-

erally without any buildings on it and consequently at reasonable cost, and

raises timber on it as a part-time venture. Those who have become part-time tree farmers usually live in a city or town and do whatever has to be done around their farm on an occasional weekend. To make the deal even more attractive, caring for the acreage usually leaves plenty of time for picnicking, hunting or fishing, all of which are more enjoy-

able because you know no one is going to order you off the land. If you don't pay too much for your land, profits from tree farming can be substantial. In some areas, wood-using industries will supply seedlings free or at bare cost. A few companies provide free forestry services and technical guid- ance and in return ask only that you just offer your output to them when you have something to market. To assist with re- forestation, a number of states provide seedlings free or at little cost, but nature

is usually so bountiful that planting is not necessary. When trees are harvested properly, seedlings usually spring up everywhere and tree farming is largely First, a small cottage in the woods for vacation living and occasional outdoor thinning out the lush growth so that the work. Later, a place to retire and cash in the money growing on your trees.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 The Rev. Mr. Poff, (kneeling) and helper, carrying out thinning operation on his tree farm. Some 40,000 bd. ft. of this lumber have gone for construction and remodeling on Mt. Zion Lutheran church and other churches in Mr. Poff's parish.

best trees can have the sun and air to wood. Port Orford cedar and western grow rapidly. Also, an increasing num- hemlock on the West Coast. ber of tree farmers are realizing modest Pines and spruces may grow into revenues by charging campers and hunt- Christmas trees in 5-8 years, but require ers for the recreational use of their 12-15 years in the South and 30-40 years forests. in the North to reach pulpwood size. Since 1943, income from timber man- Pines reach sawtimber size in 40-80 aged on a "sustained yield" basis has years in the North and South but may been taxed only as capital gains, which take over 100 years in the West. Cherry, helps make it a good investment, and ash, yellow poplar and other fast grow- over half of our states, recognizing the ing hardwoods require about the same vital importance of tree cultivation, have amount of time, but slow growing hard- special forest tax laws, most of which woods such as oak, maple and birch re- are financially favorable to tree growers. quire 80-120 years and about one-half According to James C. McClellan, as long for pulp. Western hemlock, red- chief forester of American Forest Prod- wood and Douglas fir reach sawtimber ucts Industries, Inc., an organization size in 60-80 years and pulpwood size sponsored by more than 1,000 wood- in about 30 years. dependent firms and timberland owners, Nearly all species are now used for most white-collar investors in spare time pulp, but pine, hemlock, spruce, and tree farms invest for dual purposes. aspen are the leading species. More and They want the income from regular more of the dense hardwoods such as crops of trees, as well as the multiple maple, oak and the gums are being used use values that timber offers — wood, every year. water, wildlife, recreation and soil sta- The southern pines, Douglas fir, bilization. Western hemlock, white pines, ponde- "We find," he explains, "that in most rosa pine and redwood are the leading cases, when a school teacher, a bank construction woods. clerk, or a lawyer buys a tract of land Southern pines, lodgepole pine and and starts growing trees, he is nearly western red cedar are the leading species always driven by the urge to get out of used for poles. Southern pines and doors and enjoy the woods, even if only Douglas fir lead in piling use. for the weekend." Black locust, cedar, cypress and osage The wise tree farmer grows the most orange make excellent fence posts be- valuable trees native to his particular cause of their durability. area and suitable to his soils. These may The best woods for charcoal and fuel- vary from the valuable hardwoods such wood are the dense hardwoods such as as black cherry, maple, walnut and birch hickory, maple, beech, birch, and oak. in the North: to ash and yellow poplar One tree farmer, the Rev. Harmon in the Appalachians: and to oak and the Emzy Poff. Lutheran minister of Blacks- gums in the South. It may also vary from burg, Va., is growing white pines on a eastern white pine and spruce in the 48-acre tree farm in western Virginia to North: to loblolly, slash, shortleaf and help carry forward the work of his longleaf pine in the South: to ponderosa church and community. More than sugar and western white pine in the 40,000 board feet of white pine lumber

Rocky Mountains; to Douglas fir. red- (Continued on page 51)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 19 T WAS EARLY in 1943 that the Amer- 'i i icans smashed Germany's Afrika ' Korps—and ended my career as a lieutenant in the German Army. I was then 19 years old, brainwashed and in- doctrinated with the idea of the wisdom of the Third Reich and convinced that we Germans were defending Western civilization against those trying to destroy it. Twenty years later, I still shudder at the memory of those thoughts. But let me tell you how I was re-educated—as an American prisoner of war! I had, of course, no desire to be captured. I wanted to make my way home and go on fighting. So, on the day of German capitulation in North Africa, two friends and I set out on a bold bid for escape. We commandeered an old

Volkswagen, loaded it with gasoline, smeared the telltale license plates (marked "WH" for Webrmacht-Heer, or German Army) with damp mud and headed west, looking, we hoped, like French refugees. rioundup in Africa of Rommel's men taken by U.S. Infantry, March, 1943. We traveled at night and slept by day— until we grew careless and forgot to give the license plates a fresh smearing. That morning, we stopped at a farmhouse and asked and won from the Arab who owned it permission to sleep in his barn. He was a sharp-eyed fellow who How AMERICA knew there was a reward for turning in

German soldiers; the "WH" on our license tags was tip-off enough. I was awakened by a submachine gun in the looked to a ribs, and opened my eyes to see 15 young American soldiers surrounding us. They had never seen a German before and looked very nervous. The tension broke quickly enough, however, after one of them asked me for my rank. In my best GERMAN R O.W. school-learned English, which was de- cidedly English and not American, I replied: '"1 am a /f-Zrenant." All the Amer- icans burst out laughing. "Brother," said Recollections of a former German soldier who one of my questioners, "and where is your r/

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 and headed north— mission unsuccessful when the train ground to a halt in a At suppertime we resumed our inter- small town, we were at work on a Ger-

rupted lunch. I felt as if I had been re- man Army .song of World War I, "Weit born. Mingled with the sense of relax- ist (ler Weg zuriick ins Heiinatland" ("It's ation that accompanied the knowledge a Long Way Back Home"). An elderly that the confusion of the North African man standing on the platform beside the campaign finally had ended, came a sense tracks called out to ask who we were. I of gratitude to the American naval forces shouted in my school-learned English that had defended us against the attack that we were German prisoners of war. of our own U-boats. The man shook his head in disbelief and Ten days out of Gibraltar we sighted said we had been singing an American

the shores of the United States, then a army song. Only later did I learn that the forbidden land to me. 1 was not to leave song, "Pack Up Your Troubles In Your those shores for three years, three years Old Kit Bag," an English song, is sung to which transformed me from a rather the same melody.

proud member of the Prussian nobility I watched the man talk with others in into, successively, a watch repairman, a the crowd that was gathering. None of deadline conscious reporter and, ulti- them seemed to believe me. A trainload mately, a diplomat. of German prisoners of war in the We docked at Boston. In the delousing United States? Impossible. Finally, how- station at the pier, a wall calendar an- ever, one of our guards called to them

nounced that it was May 26, 1943. In and confirmed, with a laugh, that the in- the final, frenzied days of the African formation was indeed true, and that there

campaign 1 had lost all sense of time and were 600 of us in the train. Again, the

it was a surprise to me that only three group outside put heads together, studied weeks passed since us with fascination — then, abruptly, Von Wechmar with the Afnka Korps at had the capitulation and El Alamein in 1942, before capture. of Rommel's Afrika Korps. turned their backs on us and disappeared. It was quite a thrill to pass through the It was our first encounter with non-

disinfection center, for it provided a hot military Americans and we didn't like

shower with genuine sweet-smelling soap. it. I remember that someone remarked

It seemed like years since I had last used that Goebbels had been right after all; real soap and not one of our own ersatz Americans hated all Germans. products. I will never forget the glorious But then came the experience that feeling of a towel which a Negro handed gave me my deepest insight into the

to me with a friendly "You're welcome." American people; since then, I confess, It was not long before we were on our I have been involved in an almost un- way westward. We traveled in a long broken love affair with this great country. passenger train and we were split into Suddenly, the crowd was back, that groups of 60 per car. Armed guards were same crowd which only a few moments posted at either end of the train and earlier had been studying us as if we we were not allowed to leave our seats were exotic animals in a zoo. Each of without permission. them was carrying something in his

On the train. I renewed my acquaint- hands — for us! A young woman, I re- ance with American "chow," first tasted member, had a bagful of apples, an

on the ocean trip. I discovered such del- elderly man half a cake, some children icacies as sweet potatoes and corn on the had bars of chocolate, two men in uni- cob, and soft, delicious white bread form had sandwiches. They handed up which seemed like cake to me after the the gifts to us through the window years of gray and black German bread. openings. "For you, the war is over," We had to use a bit of ingenuity to said the man who had first asked about manage the washroom for shaving and us. "We want to show you that we have bathing, but we worked out a successful respect for human beings, particularly system of rotation. As the train moved when they are in need." Thus began my ever westward, across what to me were life in the United States. unimaginable expanses of land, the mem- It took three days to reach our des- ories and tensions of the past began the tination: the little mining town of Trini- The author, left, as a German delegate to inevitable the 1959 Geneva Conference. Right, German fading process and I started to dad, in southern Colorado. Our train Foreign Minister Heinrich von Brentano. look ahead with interest to what was in pulled in about noon and we were march- store at a POW camp. ed directly from the freight yards to the

tions were complicated; certainly, I didn't The windows had been locked in such campsite, five miles outside the town want the U-boat attack to succeed, but a manner that they could be opened no proper. For nearly three years I remained at the same time I hoped against hope more than the width of two hands, but in that camp on the high flatlands near that the submarines would manage to we peered through the openings with the the New Mexico border. We were, of

escape without disaster to themselves. curiosity of tourists. I must confess we course, carefully guarded. Watch towers

In four hours it was over; I still re- outdid each other in misleading expla- were posted at intervals along the barbed

member it all as if it had taken weeks. nations of what we were looking at. wire fence which surrounded the camp.

Later, I learned that the American war- Perhaps it was out of nervousness— Accommodations consisted of prefab-

ships had moved out to counterattack or perhaps it was out of a sense of re- ricated barracks, subdivided into small and draw the German torpedoes onto laxation — but after two days of travel compartments with four officers sharing them; the transports were never in serious we began to sing. We sang for hours, one compartment. Bunks and blankets danger. Eventually, the woltpack gave up every imaginable kind of melody, and {Continued on pcii-e 34)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 21 WASHINGTON PRO & COr

THIS MONTH'S BIG ISSUE: Should The United State

ly when the Security Council is not in session. Our Ambassador to the U.N. has either supported or ab- PRO stained from voting on resolutions condemning our best allies. Through the U.N., the United States has Rep. James B. Uft (R-Calif.) supported the communist government of Sukarno in 35th District Indonesia. The U.N. made no effort to protect Goa IS MY considered opinion when India's Nehru took over the Portuguese colony IT that it is absolutely essential by armed force, nor did it make any attempt to pro- to the survival of this Republic tect Hungary from communist invasion. that the United States withdraw Secretary General U Thant suppoi'ts coexistence from the United Nations. The evidence to support this and states that we have nothing to fear from the inter- position is voluminous, but in the limited space al- national communist conspiracy. U Thant made con- con- lotted me in support of this position, it will have to be cessions and compromises with Castro, which set forth in capsule form, covering only the main cessions and compromises have not been revealed to points. the American public. The United States can make no The United Nations Charter infringes upon the con- move against the communist conspiracy in the Western stitutional authority of the United States and places Hemisphere without the consent of the U.N., thereby the power to tax and the power to declare war within placing our foreign policy in the hands of a foreigner. the U.N. and not in the Congress of the United States. U Thant again endangered the security of the United These are two of the basic attributes of national sov- States by currently stating in a public address that we ereignty. must make additional concessions in disarmament, The U.N. pays little heed to its own Charter and, thereby supporting unilateral disarmament on our instead of keeping peace, has promoted war. The U.N. part while Russia continues to build up a first-strike disregards the prohibition against interfering with in- military power. ternational domestic affairs, as witness the interfer- The American public is rapidly becoming disillu- ence in the Congo. Nearly every issue has been re- sioned with this world organization which is speedily solved in favor of communist governments, as in Laos, becoming an international military, poUtical, and eco- the Congo, Yemen, and in its resolutions condemning nomic dictatorship instead of an organization to pro- Portugal, Holland, and the Union of South Africa. mote peace. The American taxpayer is paying far too The U.N. is controlled by the Afro-Asian bloc in much of the cost of the U.N. operations, in fact, we are concert with the communist bloc, and 56 members, financing our own destruction. whose total population equals the population of the United States, have 56 votes to our one. The real power in the U.N. has shifted from the Security Council to the General Assembly, which can override the Security Council or can act independent-

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your ^

Senators know how you feel on this big issue, tear out

the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 THE BIG ISSUES

Quit The United Nations?

America. CON 3. The U.N. has many times in its 17 years been the instrument for peaceful settlements of disputes which might otherwise have led to all-out wars. Rep. John Brademas (D-lnd.) For example, the U.N. helped bring: a cease-fire in 3rd District Kashmir between India and Pakistan in 1948, an F COURSE THE United States armistice between Israel and Arab countries in 1949, 0 should stay in the United an easing of tensions between Jordan and her neigh- Nations. Communist opposition bors in 1958, a settlement in West New Guinea within to strengthening the U.N.'s ca- the last year. pacity to keep the peace should not cause the Free 4. The U.N. has provided critical policing actions on World to withdraw its support. Why? behalf of the world community: the defense of South Realistic men know we live in an age when the Korea against communist aggression in 1950, the reso- United States and the Soviet Union have weapons of lution of the Suez crisis in 1956, the U.N. operation in a destructive power unknown in human history. Only the Congo to protect its territorial integrity and politi- fools, therefore, decry the sustained and tortuous effort cal independence. to prevent nuclear war. And this is an effort in which 5. The cost of United States membership in the en- the U.N. plays a significant role. tire U.N. system during its 17 years has been about For, as the late Pope John XXIII said in his recent $1 a year for every man, woman and child in the coun- encyclical, "Pacem in Terris," the "essential purpose" try. Last year our total contribution represented Vs of of the U.N. is "the maintenance and consolidation of I'/f of our total defense budget. peace between peoples." The United Nations is not perfect — who claims it is? Here are some more reasons the United States — but the United States is clearly getting its money's should stay in the United Nations: worth. 1. The United States is unquestionably the most in- The United Nations is not a world government; it fluential member of the U.N. In the 17th General As- was not intended to be. sembly, the United States view was the majority view The United Nations is, however, both a symbol of and an instrument in mankind's struggle for an en- in over SO' * of the 40 key votes cast in committees and full Assembly. during peace and widespread freedom in a perilous world. 2. On repeated occasions the U.N. has proved an invaluable asset to the interests of U. S. foreign policy. For example, the U.N. was the forum from which the United States exposed to all the world Khrushchev's lies about missiles in Cuba, with a consequent sharp drop in Soviet prestige and rise in United States standing throughout the world and especially in Latin

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

SHOULD I have read in The American Legion Magazine for October /A/ m OPINION THE UNITED STATES SHOULD NOT QUIT THE UNITED NATIONS

the arguments in PRO & CON on the subject: "Should The SIGNED

ADDRESS.

United States Quit The United Nations?" TOWN STATE

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 23 U.S. NAVY PHOTO John T. Casey, routed from bed, was equally mystified. His office had no use for a Nazi jeep, and he knew of none at Sampson that did have. Yes, he did know Yeoman Kramer, who, in his opinion, was a mature, reliable man of unquestioned loyalty. Commander Casey dressed hurriedly and drove to the brig. Kramer talked freely to his CO. His story was that one Lt. Cmdr. Chester W. Beaman, not known to Kramer, had "liberated" the jeep in

Southern France, and had it shipped to the U.S. on the USS Elizabeth C. Stanton. The car was deposited on Pier 10 at the Naval Frontier Base on Staten Island. But Beaman, who had promised the vehicle to a friend, was ordered to the The Volks that invaded Sampson: guards were startled, officers shocked. Naval Air Station at Pasco, Wash., 3,000

miles away, before he could claim it. The car was the first Volkswagen the men at the Staten Island Base had ever Nazi Jeep Lt. The seen. It particularly fascinated young George Kogel, in charge of Pier 10. Kogel requisitioned necessary repairs, and the Trojan Horse and got the apparently abandoned jeep in running order. Soon thereafter. Lieutenant Kogel and Yeoman Kramer, from Sampson, long- A true account of the invasion of Sampson Naval Training time friends and former college class- mates, met at a party in New York when both were on leave. Talking together, Center by a Nazi mihtary Volkswagen in WWII Kogel mentioned the jeep. His description brought a glow to Kramer's eyes. A public relations man to the end, he convinced his friend that he should turn THE EARLY HOURS of De- Kramer, attached to the Pub- over the unclaimed jeep to Sampson for INcember 17, 1944, at the lic Relations Staff of Samp- public relations events and bond drives. Naval Training Center, son's Ship's Company. Shortly thereafter, Kramer received a Sampson, N.Y., two shore "Where do you think you're quasi-official postcard ordering him to patrolmen chugged along the going?" one of the SPs asked. remove "his" car from Pier 10 at once.

base's snow-covered roads in a The driver shrugged and But how to move it 300 miles and

motorcycle and sidecar, mak- opened and closed his mouth, smuggle it into Sampson? ing their rounds on the heavily but said nothing. Kramer learned that a 12-wheel trailer guarded base. The tempera- "And how did you drive truck from the Ship's Service was going ture was 18° below when, at that" — the SP thumbed in the to New York for supplies. With space to 2 a.m., they pulled up at one of Yeoman Kramer direction of the jeep — "in spare in the van, Kramer conned the the mess halls for coffee. here?" Sampson Naval Train- driver, a buddy, into making a slight Frozen and weary, they stepped stiffly ing Center had six guarded gates on three detour to Staten Island. from their machine — and were halted sides. The entire west side bordered on As soon as the returned truck had by the roar of an unmuffled engine. They Lake Seneca. safely cleared the Sampson gate, Kramer turned in time to see a small open car The driver gulped and looked unhappy. was shaken awake by the driver and told

approaching, a dark figure huddled over "I didn't drive it in. A—a friend delivered to get the damned VW out of his truck the wheel. it to me." and hidden fast. That's what the yeoman

They didn't know they were looking at "A friend delivered it to you? Who is was up to when the SPs caught him. perhaps the first Volkswagen ever seen this friend?" The Provost Marshal at Sampson was in the U.S., albeit a VW cloaked in the The driver shook his head. "I'm sorry, shocked to hear how easily the base had body of a German military vehicle. I can't tell you. The information is been "invaded" by the oldest trick in ." 'Who the hell? . . one of them said, 'classified.'" the world — the Trojan horse. but got no further. As the car flashed by, ''What's classified, the guy's name or But a bigger shock was coming. both saw the black swastika on its side. how he got this Kraut jeep in here?" A few days later, the commanding The patrol, siren blasting, gave chase They locked the young man up and officer at Sampson, Como. Harry A. and forced the vehicle into a snowbank confiscated the car, then phoned the Badt, read a letter from a friend, Lt. at the point of their .45s. The driver guard posts. At each, a startled guard Cmdr. C.W. Beaman, stationed in Pasco, stumbled out into the snow, hands aloft. had to have the question repeated before Wash. It said, in part: "I finally located

A slender young man of medium height, he could answer. No, no German field car the German jeep that I promised you. It he wore a dark wool cap pulled well over had passed through his gate. The SPs is the one now in your possession being his ears, a red knitted scarf, a Navy pea- then drove to the docks to see if the jeep used for your War Bond Drives." jacket over tan flannel pajamas tucked had been brought in over water. But the Which is what Commodore Badt had

into unbuckled galoshes. He had no ID snow there showed no tire tracks. wanted it for in the first place!

card, but said he was Yeoman 3/c A. S. The Public Relations Officer, Cmdr. by A . Stanley Kramer

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 , ,

A digest of events which Veterans Ulff HI ^IVIIVV , NEWSLETTER are or personal interest to you October 1963

HOUSE VETS COMMITTEE PUSHES would be 6 months, but it could be extended IMPORTANT NURSING CARE BILL in special cases, under the bill. FOR AGING, DISABLED VETERANS: A bill of tremendous importance to Amer- 3. An increase of Federal aid to State ica' s aging, disabled war veterans and their soldiers homes, for nursing care patients, families was reported out favorably, with from $2.50 per day to $3.50 per day, for new a strong supporting statement, by the House patients ("Newsletter" does not grasp the Veterans Affairs Committee on August 14... meaning of the restriction to new patients,

The bill is HR8009 , introduced by Vets unless its sole purpose is to encourage the Affairs Committee Chairman Rep. OlinE. state homes to open their doors to more

league , of Texas ... It would provide for in- nursing care patients.) creased Federal and Federally-supported nursing care for veterans who are in need of 4. Provide Federal matching funds up to

such care . . .Even more important it would $5 million a year to States which will con- establish clear responsibility for the Vet- struct new facilities for veterans' nursing

erans Administration to provide such care, care ... "Newsletter " interprets this as and thus be precedent-setting for the future clear recognition by the Committee not only nursing care needs of chronically ill vet- of the present, but also of the tremendous erans, who, though qualified for VA hospital long-range problem caused by the lack of admission, have faced a reluctance of the VA adequate veterans' nursing-care facilities. to admit responsibility for nursing care as a facet of hospitalization. The bill has other facets which are The Committee further made it clear that important, but not so broadly significant if necessary, the matter of providing nursing as the above. care for veterans otherwise eligible forVA medical attention should not be impeded by President Kennedy, on August 12th, the 125,000-bed limit on VA hospital beds supported one aspect of the bill, by imme- established during the Eisenhower Adminis- diately authorizing VA Chief John S. tration. Gleason, Jr., to operate 2,000 nursing care beds aside from the 125,000 hospital bed

Major points of HR8009 include the fol- ceiling. . .But the Administration appeared

lowing : to be opposed for the moment, to most of the rest of HR8009 .. .American Legion National 1. Immediate availability of 2,000 Commander James E. Powers immediately nursing care beds in the Veterans Adminis- thanked the President for his 2,000-bed tration, without respect, said the authorization, and the House Committee for Committee's report, to the administratively HR8009, which goes far beyond the 2,000 beds imposed ceiling of 125,000 beds. ...Importance of the whole bill, rather than just the 2,000 beds, is reflected in 2. Authorization for the VA to transfer American Legion Rehabilitation Director VA hospital patients to private nursing- John Corcoran' s advice to "Newsletter" that

care homes , with the VA bearing the cost to there are now probably 10 , 000 VA bed-patients

the extent of Vs of the average daily cost of who need nursing care rather than "medical" maintaining a patient in a general medical hospitalization, and that his medical and surgical VA hospital .. .At present this information was that they are not only would be about $9 a day, and could provide occupying facilities not designed for their a substantial part of the cost of well- needs, but are not getting the type of care

qualified nursing care in private institu- that they need. . .Further, noted Corcoran, tions .. .Normal limit of such cost-sharing (Continued on next page.)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 25 ". , .

the situation will get worse, unless Legion Baseball, the National Oratorical relieved. .. "The American Legion Legis- Contest and other Legion and Auxiliary lative Bulletin" for August 23 noted that programs touching on youth and their train- the House Committee may well need popular ing, the Legion views its participation in support for the entire bill, in view of the American Education Week as a vital phase of Administration's opposition to many of its its positive Americanism programs. provisions. .. It urged Legionnaires to While the framework of each year's ob- write their Congressmen in support of HR8009 servance is planned by the national leader- "Newsletter" welcomes the House Com- ship of the National Education Association, mittee Bill, especially since, with respect The American Legion and other co-sponsors to other pieces of legislation, it has (which now include the U.S. Office of Educa- crossed swords with committee members... tion and the National Congress of Parents

Last May this magazine published an editorial and Teachers) , the actual observance is entitled "Do We Wait For Them To Die?", in virtually 100% local and the Legion's role which the case of old, blind Wilmer Summer- will be carried out by Posts which contact ville, of Georgia, was cited. . .He spent most their schools well in advance. of his last months of life as a guest in a jail Most school systems will include at least because proper nursing care was not avail- one open hous e night in the schools during able to him, and finally died in a private the week, when the school staffs will be in nursing home which afforded him care as an their classrooms and offices to meet with act of charity. . .With HR8009, and its parents and other citizens who visit the strong report in support of it, the House schools. Veterans Affairs Committee has shown that Parents in particular have an oppor- it does not propose to "wait for them to die . tunity to visit the teachers of their own The American Legion has increasingly children. .. One of the functions of the felt the need for such legislation since combined local committees which sponsor the a resolution at the 1956 National Convention observance, in which Legion Posts should from New Jersey called for a study of the participate, is to promote a large visitation nursing care problem, especially among the of the public at school open houses. . .Be- aging and chronically ill veteran popula- cause schools consume more than half of the tion. . .Results of the study led to resolu- local taxation in many communities, as well tions urging the importance of remedial as sharing in state taxation, schools are action, and to repeated expressions of naturally subject to close scrutiny and are concern from numerous state, national and sometimes involved in local controversy. . local bodies of the organization. Sometimes these controversies have substance and sometimes they do not ... In either AMERICAN EDUCATION WEEK: NOV. 10-16, case, closer contact between lay citizens PROVIDES SCHOOL ROLE FOR LEGION POSTS: and the schools tends to separate real The 43rd observance of American Educa- questions from imagined ones, making the tion Week will take place this year from solution of school problems a less painful Sunday, Nov. 10 to Sat. Nov. 16... The ob- one for the entire community. servance was started in 1921 jointly by The A town cannot but profit from such close National Education Association (school- contacts, nor can the education of its teachers) and The American Legion, as a children. . . In many communities , particular- result of a meeting at Des Moines, Iowa, on ly smaller ones, where it is more feasible,

July 4, of that year. . .The purpose of the Legion Posts sponsor dinners with school- observance is to focus community attention teachers during American Education Week... on the schools and their problems, and on Reports of such affairs to this magazine education problems as seen by parents and over the years by the sponsoring Posts have other citizens through a bringing together been enthusiastic ... Invariably, they , of adult citizens, teachers, and school report that elbow-rubbing at the banquet administrators in a planned, weeklong table has given both teachers and citizens program each year in every American community new insight into their town's educational

. . .Like Boys ' State , Girls ' State , American programs and problems.

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 ......

OF THE NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS OCTOBER 1963

opener; Omaha, 8-1; Memphis, 12-3; Long Beach Baseball Team Evansville, 5-2; and Memphis, 5-4. The champions had brilliance and balance, power and pitching. And they Wins Legion Little World Series came up with the American Legion Player of the year in second baseman Arthur L. Peterson Post 27 is undefeated in finals Richard Dash and the winner of the at Keene, N.H.; Memphis Post 1 in runner-up spot. James F. Daniel, Jr., Memorial Sports- manship Award in outfielder Oscar Brown. Dash l)atted .343 in tiie Regional and National finals and accepted 36 chances errorlcssly. Brown, a fleet fielder and baserunner (specializing in double steals with his teammate Ike McCraw) and possessed of a bullet-shooting arm, was runner-up for the batting championship with an a\erage of .410. Dash thus will ha\e his photo enshrined at the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, N.Y., and will be a guest of honor at the Hall of Fame game pla\ed at Cooper.s- town next August. The batting cliampionship was won by E\ansville's Jerry Mattingly, a 6'2", 185-poimd outfielder who batted .413

The champions: Arthur L. Peterson Post 27 baseball team, of Long Beach, in the regional and final rounds. Calif., winner of the 37th annual American Legion Little World Series. The Long Beach team's only anxious moments of the finals came in the ninth The baseball team of young men 18 and arrived at Keene with a season re- inning of the last game. With a 5-1 lead. and under, sponsored by Arthur L. cord of 32 victories without a defeat. In Coach Gale Taylor took Lefty Bob Wis- Peterson Post 27, American Legion, of the first game between the two. Long well, his star hmler, whose won-lost Long Beach, Calif., is the national Amer- Beach stampeded the Tennesseans by ican Legion Baseball champion for 12-3. The second meeting of the two 1963. The Californians won the title in powerhouses was a squeaker at 5-4, with tile final game of the 37th annual Little Long Beach almost losing out after hold- World Series at Keene, N.H., on Sun- ing a 5-1 lead going into the ninth day, Sept. 1, defeating for the second inning. time in these finals the team from Mem- The eight finafists, who got to the phis, Tenn., Post 1. (St. Louis, Mo., Little World Series by winning their Post 299, last year's national champion, state titles and then outlasting 43 other did not reach the regional play-offs this state champs in regional eliminations, year.) were the teams sponsored by: Long Beach, in its first appearance in • Arthur L. Peterson Post 27, Long the Little World Series, was undefeated Beach, Calif. (National, Region 8 and in this tournament of eight regional Calif ornia champion ) champion teams, which played a round • Memphis Post 1, Memphis, Tenn. robin, with two losses eliminating a (National runner-up. Region 4 and Ten- team. All the players on the champion nessee champion ) team attend or ha\ e just graduated from • Somerville Post 19, Somerville, Mass. Long Beach Polytechnic High School. (Region 1 and Massachusetts cham-

Eight of the 16 players on the roster pion ) (including five of the first stringers) will • Washington Gas Light Co. Post 44, Ted Williams at the pre finals banquet: "Pro return next year. The team has been Washington, D.C. (Region 2 and D.C. ball can be a fine future for youngsters." financially aided by the Long Beach champion ) Federal Savings Bank. • Cone Post 386, Greensboro, N.C. (Re- record before this contest was 11-2, out

The champs are coached by Gale E. gion 3 and North Carolina champion ) of the game when he seemed to be Taylor, in private life a Roofers Union • Funkhouser Post 8, Evans\ille, Ind. weary as well as wild. Relie\er Terry official. Co-coach is former major leaguer (Region 5 and Indiana champion). Roe, who had pitched a fine game in the

Lou Berberet, a sales executive for • Omaha Post 1, Omaha, Nebr. (Region opener, beating S<)mer\ille, 4-2, ne\'er

McKesson-Robbins. Ray McKinstrey is 6 and Nebraska champion ) found his touch. He forced in a run with the manager. • Umpqua Post 16, Roseburg, Ore. (Re- walks, hit one batter and forced in an-

To win the championship. Long gion 7 and Oregcin champion ) other, and watched a sacrifice fly send Beach had twice to withstand the chal- The Californians set back the local in a third run. The Memphis second lenge of the Memphis team, which won favorite, Somer\il!e (only repeater from baseman, Ste\e Betzelberger, scurried its seventh straight state championship last year's finals), 4-2, in the tourney from second to third on the same play,

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 27 NEWS but a gem of a relay from the outfield Alumni Field Stadium, 3,384. Shortstop via first baseman Jerry Martin cut the Ike McCraw, a fine fielder with an ac- Memphis mnner down for the game- curate bullet arm, smashed a home run ending out. It was the season's first de- over right center field fence with one feat in 11 games for Memphis starter aboard and two out, making the score Wayne Atkins. 3-0. Terry Roe allowed Somerville 7 hits, Those who saw Game #4 won't soon struck out 5, and was relieved in the forget Jim Jennings, who had a no-hitter 9th by Bob Wiswell, who choked off a going for his Washington, D.C., team rally. Jackie Mountain hurled all the for 9-/3 innings against Evansville, only way for Massachusetts.

to lose it. Jennings struck out 16 Evans- Game #2: Omaha bfitzed Oregon, ville batters and looked a winner. With 23-9, paced by Chuck Shimerdla, spec- one away in the ninth, however, he gave tacled first baseman, who produced six a pass to Jim Brown, the Hoosier right runs on three hits, including a first in- fielder. Then, Jerry Mattingly, who was ning three-run roundtripper. The Ne- to become the batting champion, stroked braska team belted 16 hits and ran like a short fly ball to right field near the rabbits on 11 Oregon errors. Omaha foul line that nobody could catch up held a 32-3 record going into this game. with. It went for a single and put men Tom Tvrdik got four hits and scored four times for Nebraska. Game #3: Memphis, Tenn., brought its unbeaten season streak to 33 games by defeating Greensboro, N.C., in the afternoon game, 8-3. A six-run eruption in the eighth inning broke up a pitchers' Ike McCraw, Long Beach shortstop, was first duel between John Schroeppel of Mem- man to bat in the finals. Later in this game against Somerville he hit a home run. phis (who fanned 10) and Greensboro's Bob Hughes. Somerville's Ron Amenkovvicz took Game #4: Evansville, Ind.'s sky- over pitching chores in the fourth scraping ballplayers jolted Washington, against Roseburg with bases loaded and D.C.'s brilliant pitcher, Jim Jennings, none out, and fanned three batters. The with two sudden runs with one out in six-foot all-round ballplayer struck out the ninth inning after being held hitless 10 in six innings and won the game. all through the game, winning the contest, 2-1. The D.C. team got only two hits from Indiana pitcher George Goer- gon, who fanned nine. Two more strike- outs by Ralph Mueller in relief for In- diana brought the total for the game to 27. Richard Dash, Long Beach second baseman, was chosen Outstanding Player of the Year. Game #5: The once-beaten Greens- boro N.C. team got a great pitching per- on first and second. Brown and Matting- formance from 17-year-old Wayne ly then pulled a double steal. When Nunn, who gave the Washington, D.C, center fielder Mike Minton, a hustling Gaslight Post batters three scattered ballplayer all through the series, crashed singles and one run, setting them back a double to right center, Jennings and by 6-1. Washington had lost a heartbreaking game. The only shutout of the finals was pitched by Wayne Atkins and John Ross of Memphis against Evansville, 13-0. Brown, Long Beach outfielder, won the Terry Roe of Long Beach gave Somer- Oscar Sportsmanship award. He batted .410. ville two runs, and allowed Memphis five hits and two runs and fanned eight Oregon's Dick Williams in this contest in the first meeting of the two teams. fanned eight. Teammate Bob Wiswell held Omaha to Among the batting stars was Rose- five hits and one run and smacked two burg's Jim Beamer, who hit two home doubles to nail down his 8-1 victoiy. runs and batted in seven as his team lost Memphis' Gary Eastburn fanned nine to Omaha, 13-8. Omaha batters in keeping his season They all felt at home in Keene, where record unblemished at 6-0. His team- several streets are named for big league mate, John Schroeppel, set down 10 heroes like Smokey Joe Wood (Boston Greensboro batters in posting an 8-3 Red Sox), Honus Wagner (Pittsburg), win. Gerry Beninato of Omaha hurled Tris Speaker (Cleveland), and Ty Gobb one of the cleverest games of the finals, (Detroit). checking Greensboro with a change of Game #1: Long Beach, Calif., Region pace. Wayne Nunn pitched Greensboro 8 winner, edged Somerville, Mass., Re-

to a 6-1 win over Washington, giving gion 1 champion, 4-2 to start the champ- Jerry Mattingly of the Evansville team won the up three singles. ionship finals before a record crowd for batting crown with a mark of .413.

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 ) ) ) )

NEWS

Game #6: Saved from elimination by with a man on. Then the gates opened, ( Roseburg, Oreg. and Washington, D.C. eliminated; Mempiiis and Beach un- Ron Amenkowicz's brilliant relief pitch- and Long Beach tallied four in the fifth, Long defeated; others 1 loss each) ing, Somerville, Mass., sent a scrappy one in the seventh, and four in the team from Roseburg, Ore., home with a eighth. Dick Dash drove in three runs Third Round 4-3 defeat. Ron came in to relieve with three hits, including a tremendous Omaha 2 Greensboro 1 Chuck Paglierani, 15-year-old hurler, in triple to right field, and Oscar Brown, Evansville 5 the fourth inning with the bases loaded left fielder, projected himself strongly Somerville 2 and none out and Somerville holding a into the race for the batting champion- Long Beach 12 precarious 4-3 lead. He struck out the ship with four runs batted in on four Memphis 3 side with a blinding fast ball. In his six singles. (Greensboro, N.C. and Somerville, Mass., innings, star, Memphis, Tenn., re- the six-foot who is also an Game #12: eliminated. Omaha, Evansville and Mem- infield regular, fanned 10. phis, one loss each. Long Beach undefeated. Game #7: The heavy bats of the Fourth Round Memphis, Tenn., delegation pounded Memphis 6 out a 13-0 rout of Evansville, Ind., and Omaha 4 brought the southerners' winning streak Long Beach 5 to 34 straight for the season. Leslie Evansville 2 Wayne Atkins, who plays first base (Omaha, Nebr. and Evansville, Ind., elim- when not pitching, struck out six Indi- inated. Memphis, one loss; Long Beach, undefeated. ana batters in six innings, gave them five hits (all singles), marooned eight base- Fifth Round runners, gave up one walk, and started Long Beach 5 a rally-choking double play. John Ross Memphis 4 reheved. Ralph Gagliano, shortstop of (Memphis, Tenn., finishes second and Long the Tennesseans, got four hits, including Beach, Calif., emerges as undefeated champion after 5 rounds. a double and a triple. Joe Cronin, American League president, saw State Winners Game #8: Lefty Bob Wiswell held the Washington vs. Greensboro game. Here are the State and D.C. 1963 the Omaha, Nebr., batters to one run bounded from its first defeat (by Long American Legion Baseball champions: and five hits, banged two lusty doubles, Beach, Calif.) in 35 games to set back ALABAMA: Post 34, Tuscaloosa. and drove in four runs in nailing down Omaha, Nebr., by 6-4. A four- run third ALASKA: Post 1, Anchorage. an 8-1 victory for Long Beach, Calif. ARIZONA: Post 7, Tucson. inning, when Memphis put together Three of the Nebraska hits were ARKANSAS: Post 24, BIythevllle. three hits, two stolen bases, and two CALIFORNIA: Post 27, Long Beach. bunched in the fourth inning for a 1-0 Omaha errors, was Nebraska's downfall. COLORADO: Post 81, Greeley. lead that could have been bigger but Game #13: Long Beach, Calif., set CONNECTICUT: Post 71, West Haven. for a tremendous throw by Long Beach's DELAWARE: Post 2, Dover. back a stubborn Evansville, Ind., team Oscar Brown from left field which D.C: Post 44, Washington. by 5-2, utilizing speed on the basepaths FLORIDA: Post 12, West Palm Beach. caught a runner at the plate and nipped and bases on balls by the Hoosiers' GEORGIA: Post 50, College Park. a rally. The win by California was the Ralph Mueller. HAWAII: Post 33, Hono Kaa. eighth straight time that the team first IDAHO: Post 13, Lewiston. The records of the eight finahsts are to bat won the game here. ILLINOIS: Post 791, Northbrook. as follows: 1. Long Beach, Calif., 37 INDIANA: Post 8, Evansville. Game #9: Omaha, Nebr., broke the won, 4 lost for the season; 5-0 in the IOWA: Post 5, Cedar Rapids. "home team" jinx when it batted as the finals. 2. Memphis, Tenn., 35-2, 3-2. KANSAS: Post 99, Russell. home team and defeated Greensboro, KENTUCKY: Post 23, Bowling Green. 3. Evansville, Ind., 50-11, 2-2. 4. N.C., 2-1 in 11 innings. Nebraska's LOUISIANA: Post 38, Baton Rouge. Omaha, Nebr., 34-4, 2-2. 5. Somerville, MAINE: Post 21, Bath. shortstop, Len Boryca, hit a home run Mass., 29-5, 1-2. 6. Greensboro, N.C., MARYLAND: Post 11, Frederick. with none on as lead-off man in the 32-18, 1-2. 7. Roseburg, Ore., 54-12, MASSACHUSETTS: Post 19, Somerville. bottom of the 11th. MICHIGAN: Post 97, Adrian. 0-2. 8. Washington, D.C., 19-4, 0-2. MINNESOTA: Post 406, St. Paul. Game #10: Evansville, Ind., sent Here are the round round results MISSISSIPPI: Post 1, Jackson. Somerville, by Mass., the local favorite MISSOURI: Post Independence. of the 1963 Little World Series, with 21, and only repeating team in the finals MONTANA: Post 4, Billings. teams eliminated by two losses: this year, out of the tourney with a 5-2 NEBRASKA: Post 1, Omaha. NEVADA: Post 8, Las Vegas. defeat. The Hoosiers' hurlers, George First Round NEW HAMPSHIRE: Post 1, Manchester. Goergon and Bob Griese, kept the losers Long Beach, Calif. (Post #27) 4 NEW JERSEY: Post 93, Trenton. in line repeatedly when scoring op- Somerville, Ma.ss. (Post #19) 2 NEW MEXICO: Post 28, Roswell. portunities appeared. The Massachu- Omaha, Nebr. (Post #1) 23 NEW YORK: Post 152, Newburgh. Roseburg, Oreg. (Post 9 NORTH CAROLINA: Post 386, Greensboro. setts team got eight hits and eight walks #16) NORTH DAKOTA: Post 1, Bismarck. off Memphis, Tenn. ( Post #1) 8 the two opposing hurlers but left OHIO: Post 103, Ashtabula. Greensboro, N.C. (Post #386) 3 12 men on base. On the other hand, OKLAHOMA: Post 4, Enid. Evansville, Ind. (Post #8) 2 Evansville got only four hits off Jackie OREGON: Post 16, Roseburg. Washington, D.C. (Post #44) 1 PANAMA: Post 7, Fort Clayton. Mountain and converted them into five ( All teams still in RHODE ISLAND: Post 79, Central Falls. runs. SOUTH CAROLINA: Post 4, Orangeburg. Game #11: Unbeaten Long Beach, Second Round SOUTH DAKOTA: Post 22, Rapid City. TENNESSEE: Post 1, Memphis. Calif., loomed stronger than ever in Greensboro 6 Wasliington 1 TEXAS: Post 399, South San Antonio. eclipsing the highly polished Memphis, UTAH: Post 133, Salt Lake City. Somerville 4 Tenn., team, 12-3, cutting off the Volun- VERMONT: Post 26, White River Junction. Roseburg 3 teers' season winning streak at 34. Be- VIRGINIA: Post 53, Front Royal. Memphis 13 fore WASHINGTON: Post 88, Selah. 2,600 fans, the West Coasters broke Evansville 0 WEST VIRGINIA: Post 1, Wheeling. up a 0-0 game in the fourth inning with Long Beach 8 WISCONSIN: Post 21, Kenosha. three runs, aided by Jerry Flynn's homer Omaha 1 WYOMING: Post 6, Cheyenne.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 29 . >

NEWS $6,000 American Legion Scholar— A ship Fund for students in the area of Blowing Rock, N.C., was started recently by Blowing Rock Post 256. In the photo at right, Post Commander Elie S. Mattar presents the first check toward the fund to G. Donald Ebert, of Char- lotte, whose firm, Fund Investments, Inc., will manage tlie fund for the Post.

Commander Mattar is president of Blow- ing Rock Art Galleries. At right is Robert L. S. Snyder, Post scholarship chmn.

FOR SECURixc; more than 500 mem- INDIANS OF Washington recently inducted two Seattle Legion leaders and Wash- bers year after year (782 in 1963 ) ington Go\ernor Albert Rossellini (center) into honorary tribal chieftainship. G. Arthur Phillips (above), of Monahaii The Go\ ernor became honorary chief of all Washington Indians. Dan Danilov, left,

Post, Siou.\ Cit\. Iowa, was gi\en the and Cla\ Nixon, right, Commander and Past Commander of Seattle Post 1, became above citation on the stage of Iowa's honorary chiefs of Colville Reservation Indians. Real chiefs Eagle Selatsie. George

state Legion convention this \ear. Pierre and Joe Reed Thunder inducted them. E.\-Marine Pierre is a Legionnaire.

Two ^^ iDELY separated Legion Posts recently gave costly ve- Post 87, of Alexandria, Minn., gi\ es a 1963 Pontiac Station hides for community purposes. At left, a 9-passenger Ford Wagon to its volunteer fire department, climaxing a year in Falcon bus goes to Harold Busby, director of a retarded chil- which the Post contributed $6,000 to community causes. Here,

dren's school in Ri\er Grove, 111., from Commander Joseph Post officials Eldon Rost and Bernard Sonstegard turn the ve- Matelske of River Grove American Legion Post 335. At right, hicle over to Fire Chief Edwin Engstrom.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 > NEWS

THE WHEEL chair at right is a very— special one — a high-backed ortho- pedic chair designed for a patient with a high cast, who otherwise would spend his stay in the Brooklyn (N. Y.) VA Hospital on a litter. It was donated to the hospital by Bay Ridge Post 157, American Legion. Surrounding the wheel chair are members of the remarkable Hospital Visitation Committee of Post 157, which visits Brooklyn VA Hospital every other Friday to distribute books and magazines, run games, put on shows, and serve refreshments to patients. In the last year, their Post has donated more than $1,000 worth of equipment to the hospital.

<— T~^EW EVENTS could make American Legion National Security expo- nents happier than the recent rollout (left) of the first 550-mph fan-jet Star- Lifter military cargo transport plane. The Legion for years has been urging the need to keep military transport abreast of the pace of military weaponiy,

for though it is less dramatic, global

transport capability is equally vital to defense needs. Site of the rollout was the Lockheed-Georgia aerospace plant at Marietta, Ga. Scores of the 316,000 pound giants will be joining the U.S. Air Force by late next year, after flight- testing late this year. The Air Force designates the big craft the C-14A. A civihan model, the Lockheed 300, is expected to enter commercial service by 1966.

Legion Life Insurance actually be established until seven years info and applications, write: SOME ADVANTAGES have elapsed from the date of disappear- The American Legion Life Insurance Families of Legionnaires who carry ance of the insured. Plan. P.O. Box 5609, Chicago 80, 111. American Legion Life insurance some- The American Legion, in a concerted Marching Music times find that there is a unique advan- effort, through many channels and in a The 7th annual Uniformed Groups tage, particularly in trying circum- remarkably short period of time, man- Congress, sponsored b\- the Legion, is stances, in carrying life insurance to compile acquire sufficient aged and slated for Indianapolis, Oct. 11-13. through their organization. In several evidence to establish beyond any reason- This brings together representati\es of instances, the machinery of the Legion able doubt, that the Legionnaire was marching bands, drum corps and similar organization, as a veterans organization, dead. uniformed groups. has located beneficiaries through chan- On May 8, 1963, the settlement draft nels not usually available to commercial of several hundred dollars was issued to insurers. Departments and Posts have the widow. A lapse of approximately COMRADE IN DISTRESS instituted searches, successfully, for two months as compared with seven Readers who can help this comrade are urged to do so. missing beneficiaries. In a recent case of years. Notices are run at the request of The Ameri- a different nature, the insured, a mer- American Legion Life Insurance is can Legion Natl Rehabilitation Commission. They are not accepted from other sources. chant seaman, was missing and pre- available to members at a flat rate of Readers wanting Legion help with claims should contact their local service officers. sumed lost when his ship went in $24 or $12 a year (the latter for half down Service officers unable to locate needed wit- March of this year. coverage). The amount of insurance re- nesses for claims development should refer the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission An American Legion Post notified the duces wath age (instead of raising the through normal channels, for further search before referral to this column. Insurance Department of the accident. premium) . Maximum coverage is $8,000 Joseph G. Olsen, who served in the Army in the However, the absence of a death certi- for the youngest Legionnaires. Policies 1940"s and formerly lived in Mechanicville, ficate presented a problem. Normally terminate at age 70. Most of the country N.Y.. is urped to contact "Comrades in Dis- tress" Dep't, American Legion Magazine, 720 under these conditions death cannot is covered on a group plan. For more 5th Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 31 NEWS

The Kilmer Oak fifth on the way. He transferred to the James C. Watkins, appointed Nat'l Di- 165th Regiment, and was a Sergeant rector of Public Relations of The Amer- DOOMED with Intelligence in France. On Julv 30, ican Legion. He replaces Charles J. 1918, one of Col. W. (Wild Bill) Arnold, The Joyce Kilmer Oak on the Rutgers J. who has resigned to return to Dono\an's aides, Lt. Oliver Ames, was government service. University campus in New Brunswick, Watkins was for- killed. Sgt. Kilmer volunteered to serve merly assistant director of the Legion's N. J., must come down. in his place, and after an attack on the Washington office. So sentimental an object is the famous hills above Ourcq, he was found dead, tree, reputed to have inspired Kilmer's shot through the head by the enemy. poem "Trees published exactly 50 years Raymond H. Fields, of Guymon, Okla., ago, that Rutgers University appointed member of the Legion's Publications a special committee to determine the dis- PEOPLE IN THE NEWS Commission, named to the Oklahoma position of the huge oak. World Fair Advisory Committee by The committee, headed by Rutgers Clarence W. Bird, Director of the Le- Legionnaire Gov. Henry Bellmon. Forestry Professor Richard West, met gion's Nat'l Economic Commission, late in August to set the date and to plan named chairman of the Committee on the ceremony and what to do with the Disabled \'eterans of the President's Amos E. Hawks, of Miami, Okla., a vice wood. The committee had no easy task, Committee on Employment of the Han- chairman of the Legion's Distinguished since requests for pieces of the tree and dicapped. Guests Committee. suggestions for the committee's actions William T. Flanigan, Chaplain of the poured into Rutgers from all over the Charles L. Brown, of St. Louis, Mo., country when the news went on the Legion Department of Indiana, given a Past Nat'l Executive Committeeman press wires that the old tree was doomed. Distinguished Alumnus Award for 1963 (1938-42). Joyce Kilmer Post 27 of the American by Tri-State College, Angola, Ind. Legion, in New Brunswick, which had Murray William McCarty, Past Dep't secured Kilmer's birthplace in 1931, re- James J. Condon (N.H.), has resigned Cmdr of Utah (1920-21). quested a full disc from the trunk in the his position with Legion Nat'l Hq as co- form of a wheel, but Rutgers agricultm al ordinator of national music and march- experts were not sure, prior to the re- ing contests, for employment in private Henry E. Siebenmark, Past Dep't Cmdr industry. of Indiana moval of the aging plant, that the in- (1945-46). terior was still solid. Diagnosis of the Henry F. Balwinski (1963). Post 18, Bay City, oak's affliction was "old age." Its age is LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Mich. estimated at 300 years. This summer it Ernest E. Ogden (1963), Post 20, Pontiac, Mich. Charles E. Holmes and Walter A. Stanner and The award of a life membership to a Legion- had some green leaves, but no acorns, Frank Straub and Charles D. Trowbridge (all naire his is testimonial those who by Post a by 1961), Post 26. Niles, Mich. and it was about two-thirds stark and know him best that he has served The American Donald Ryder (1963), Post 32, Livonia. Mich. Legion well. bare, in danger of being fragmented by Harold J. Langsford (1959) and Louis Gullack- Below are listed some of the previously un- son and John W. Nelson and Earl Scanlon (all storms if permitted to stand indefinitely. published life membership Post awards that 1963). Post 66. Negaunee. Mich. have been reported to the editors. They are Elijah F. Campbell and Borah E. Evans and When the oak is gone, its descendants arranged by States or Departments. George Love (all 1948), Post 184. Detroit, Mich. will live on. Rutgers has planted numer- Vincent A. Stace and George A. Strohmer and Edward M. Jaffa and A. Lee Oder (both 1963), Bernard Suino (all 1963). Post 187. Detroit. Mich. ous seedlings from the tree on its cam- Post 7. Berkeley, Calif. Cody A. Cooley (1961), Post 208. Grand Rapids, pus. Frederick W. Clark (196.1), Post 385. Boonville, Mich. Calif. Joseph DeVriendt (1962) and James Nourjian Joyce Kilmer's 80-line poem, with its Robert O. Vernon (1959) and Wayne Thomas (1963), Post 346, Farmington. Mich. (1960), Post 420, Los Angeles, Calif. Nick Pcttas and Theodore Speliopoulos and poignant opening hues (I tliink that I Charles E. Boehme (1963), Post 465, Bell Gar- Spear A. Zacher (ail 1961). Post 129. Minneapolis, shall never see a poem lovely as a dens, Calif. Minn. Louis Bennett (1963), Post 472, East Palo Alto, Sebastian C. Durr and William A. Shoemaker tree), was probably written when he was Calif. and Lea Testin and Frank E. Young (all 1962), Witold Peter Adent (1963), Post 562, Los Angeles, Post 231, Minneapolis, Minn. a student at Rutgers, from 1904 to 1906. Calif. Florian Schmid (1962), Post 257, Springfield, Charles G. Kinsman and John W. Kline and Minn. It first appeared in 1913 in Poetry, A Albert Kortum and Berton L. Lee (all 1963). Post James W. Posten (1963), Post 291, Minneapolis, Magazine of Verse. 105, .lulesburg, Colo. Minn. Stephen Bomboliski and John Coolac and Charles Elmer Benson (1963), Post 299, Mabel, Minn. Five years later Kilmer, still un- Spencer (all 1957), Post 83, Branford, Conn. William J. Propst (1957), Post 69, Columbus, Washing- Miss. known as a poet, was killed in action Anthony D. Fabrizio (1963), Post 31, ton. D.C. Joseph Bauer (1963), Post 11, Hastings, Nebr. near Seringes, France, on July 30, 1918, F. W. Wodischek (1963), Post 65, Delray Beach, Paul Krause (1963). Post 72, Pierce, Nebr. Fla. Charles W. Goss (1962) and Edwin L. Estes at the age of 31, while serving in WWl John A. Stephenson (1963), Post 222, Fort Laud- (1963), Post 22, Lebanon, N.H. with the 165th Infantry Regiment. erdale. Fla. William Taylor and Frederick C. Tiedemann John J. Conroy (1963), Post 267, Ormond Beach, (both 1962), Post 21, Cresskill, N.J. Kilmer was a native of New Bruns- Fla. Grover C. Ashby and Hubert V. W. Card and John J. Burns (1963), Post 280. Hialeah, Fla. Fred Mctzler (all 1959), Post 34, Montclair, N.J. wick, started college at Rutgers, trans- Harvey W. Hull (1963), Post 222, Thomasville, Sterling E. Apgar, Sr. and Charles Kruger and Berkeley J. Leahy (all 1963), Bound ferred to Columbia where he received Ga. Post 63, Peter J. IVIandanis (1962), Post 1, Athens, Greece. Brook, N.J. his A.B. degree in 1908. Though he was Kinichi Sakai (1962), Post 4, Hawi, Hawaii. Emor F. Smallwood (1963), Post 137, Ocean Reuben A. Barkling and Carl J. S, Bergman and City, N.J. an accomplished journalist, having dis- James S. Russell (all 1963), Post 21, Chicago, 111. Harry R. Cook and Harry Ellis, Sr. and Conrad Harry W. iVIcClain and Paul H. McNamara and Friday and Franklin W. Klemni (all 1963), Post tinguished himself on the staff of the Raymond L. McVicar and Charles B. Meldrum 146, Riverside, N.J. Neic York Times from 1913 to 1918, (all 1962). Post 348. Chicago, 111. Earl L. Gary and Elmer C. Schomp (both 1962), Joseph N. Kaszeski and John Korba and Joseph Post 159. Flemington. N.J. and though he had published numerous Marzec and Walter J. Nowakowski (all 1960), Post Harold A. Glovier and Thomas R. Hamilton and 419, Chicago, 111. Louis A. Pompliano (all 1963). Post 212, Cranford, volumes of poems and stories, all of dis- David Murphy and Walter Sloderbeck (both N.J. tinction, "Trees" was the work that won 1960) and Roy Cramer (1963), Post 10, Marion, Ind. Thomas T. Hamilton (1963), Post 221, Ridgefield, Allison Paxson and Albert Simons (both 1963), N.J. him undying fame. Post 66, Griffith, Ind. Alex Brzuzy and Daniel Salimeno (both 1963), Ind. Post 261, New Market, N.J. At the outbreak of the war with Ger- Samuel Via (1962). Post 85. Indianapolis. Edvfard J. Shea (1957) and Edward A. Anderson Frank Emerson and Frank Wilczynski (both many in 1917, Kilmer entered the Co- (1958) and Duncan S. McNeill and Josephine M, 1963), Post 284, Whitehouse. N.J. Nolan (both 1959), Post 27, Cambridge, Mass. Basil Slocum (1963). Post 411, West Long lumbia University Officers Training Joseph Tallisman (1962), Post 196. Boston, Mass. Branch, N.J. Warpula (both Edward J. Richards (1963), Post 13, Brooklyn, Corps, then suddenly enlisted as a pri- Claude O. Dailey and Matti 1962), Post 283, Lunenburg, Mass. N.Y. vate in the 7th Regiment. He was 30 Joseph Kapusta and Edward Mitchell and Fred Dayton R. Wells (1963), Post 82, Endicott, N.Y. Perlongo and John Rombouts (all 1963), Post 17, Ralph Fox (1963). Post 141, Manlius, N.Y. vears old and had four children and a Iron River. Mich. John Prowse and John Ptacek and Harold K.

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 )

Robinson and Andrew T. Ryan (all 1963). Post A. Herrman. 52 Trucnian Ave.. Haddonfield, 145, Long Island City. N Y. N.J. gives Lewis H. Hunt and George F. Kinney and Jesse llOth Inf Reg't, Co D (WWII)-(Nov.) John D. ANATONE M. Markel and Herbert J. Rosseli (all 196.3), Post Knappenbcrgcr, P.O. Box 466, Charleroi, Pa. ^ 160. Great Neck, N.Y. 15022. Merritt Alvord and Daniel Bardes and Leslie 139th Inf, Co L healthful support (WWI)-(Nov.) Elmer M. Holt, ^ Benson and William Hcid (all 1962), Post 188. 619 North "A" St., Wellington, Kans. Liverpool, N.Y. NAVY Frank C. Gunther Post 212, Richmond (1963), 2nd Naval District Reserve Band (WWI)-(Oct.) slim appearance^ Hill. N.Y. Samuel Silverman, 680 County Road, Barring- William A. Snyder (1963), Post 342, Freeport, ton, R. I. N.Y. Xavier 3. Benziger (1963). Post 36.S, Bay Shore, N.Y. THE AMERICAN LEGION Alexander Dalmani and Jesse H. Finkler and NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS Samuel Gottlieb and Charles Held (all 1962), Post JULY 31, 1963 Brooklyn, N.Y. 391, ASSETS J. Charles Neville (1963), Post 422, Flushing, Relieves backache N.Y. Cash on hand and on deposit. .. .$1,024,372, (where firm support is needed C. Laurence Creque (1963), Post 465, Homer, Receivables 187,580 N.Y. Inventories 529,429 Scientifically designed to instantly improve posture and Myer Cramer and John V. Parker (both 1963), Invested Funds 466,217 give comforting relief of backache in cases where firm Post 476. echoes, N.Y. Trust Funds: support and control are needed Analonc gives you the Russell R. Kersch (1962), and Howard C. Gaise, Overseas Graves Decoration appearance and feeling of restored youlh Over 250.000 Jr. (1963). Post 527. Hamburg. N.Y. Trust Funds 274,411.44 men are now wearing the amazing Anatone Health Bell fiflade of Ihe finest elaslicized , Virginia Hall Wellwood (1963), Post 690, New Employees Retirement fabrics . , comfortable and completely adjustable, Anatone York. N.Y. Trust Fund 3, :J74, 748.09 3.649,1.59, 53 fits perfectly and Harry Allen Anderson and stays m place sizes H. and Edwin E. Real Estate Waist 26 thru 50 Manning H. Anderson and Robert A. Anderson 814,228 39 Deferred Charges 81,519 30 (specify waist size (all 1963). Post 777. Celoron, N.Y. only4^^ Michael Behr (1963), Post 892. Allegany, N.Y. .$6,752,508.25 Harry Maceda (1951) and Herman L. Hassell LIABILITIES, DEFERRED REVENUE Infroductory mail (1959) and Michael Tortora (1963). Post 1018. St. AND NET WORTH order price—moil Albans, N.Y. coupon today. Fred Piantiere and Isidor Rubinstein and Joseph Current Liabilities $ 397,063, Stadlin and Samuel Tessell (all 1961), Post 1072, Funds Restricted as to use 26,306. 10 day free trial Brooklyn. N.Y, Deferred Income 1,180.109. Samuel Cohen and Mever Gench and Dr. Joseph Trust Funds: r MAGIC MOLD Inc. Golomb and William Klinghoffer (all 1963). Post Overseas Graves Decoration Dept. AL IO 23 W. 47 SL, N.Y. 36, N.Y. 1124, Bronx, N.Y. Trust Funds 274,411.44 Francis Howard (1963), Post 1636, Brooklyn, Employees Retirement ytiJiixwtioiippraA. SLIMMER (wifcw EAOI^ REIIEFTOO! N.Y. Trust Fund 3.374,748.09 3,649,159. 53 Ruth B. B. Halterman and William K. Rhodes, Jr. Net Worth: ANATONE BELT CCD. I mclote $1.00 goodwill (both 1962). Post 10, Wilmington, N.C. Reserve Fund 24.185.11 dopotil. I will paypotlmon bolonc* plut CO. D. and Dr. D.M. Morrison (1963). Post 82. Shelby. N.C. POSTAGE chorgoi. Restricted Fund . . 22,744.86 Paul Anderson Boyer Dr. Roscoe and Ed and Real Estate 814,228.39 l«nclot*$4.9S. MAGIC MOID PAYS All POSTAGE. Bratton and Samuel Brewer (all 1963), Post 243, for I Reserve Reha- ( save S.65 chargot. ) Galion, Ohio bilitation 549,173.92 RUSH TO ME ON TEN DAY FREE TRIAL BASIS... Leiand H. Cronin (1951). Post 389, Beverly, Reserve for Child If not completely sotisfied. I moy telurn Ohio. Welfare 88,259.20 the ANATONE for full refund of purchase price. William J. B. Head (1962), Post 36, Coquille, Reserve for Oreg. Convention 60,000.00 My woist measure is Walter S. Metz and David M. Rahauser (both Name 1959) and John H. Atherton and Paul M. Crider 1,558,591.48 Address (both 1960), Post 46, Chambersburg. Pa. Unrestricted

Capital . . . . . J. Ben Dubson (1962), Post 72, Palmyra, Pa. 58.722.34 1,499,869, 14 City Zone Stole Horace A. Burkett and John L. Gubicza (both $6,752,508.25 Save money. Enclose money now and we poy postage. Same money-back guarantee. 1962) . Post 366, Philadelphia, Pa. Charles Hall and Frank Humbert and Ralph E. Ickes and Gerald James (all 1953), Post 551, St. Michael, Pa. Robert L. Kiss and Samuel Porter (both 1962), Post 578, East Lansdowne, Pa. NOW stake your claim Juan H. Cintron (1957). Post 56. Ponce. P.R. IV OIL m\ Charles C. Baker and Russell W. Barber and Nf Vincent Cassidy and James J. Connolly (all 1963). Post 12, North Kingstown. R.I. with a... Thomas F. Casey and W. P. Nicholson (both ROCKS mm 1960) and Rev. E. W. Cartee (1962), Post 52. Easley, S.C. Walter J. Richter, Sr. (1962), Post 112, Charles- U. S. GOVERNMENT ton, S.C. Lucian R. Freeman (1963). Post 164, Paris. Tenn. Herbert L. Traylor (1956), Post 50, Crewe, Va. Jack R. Adams and Edmund Lee Jones (both

1963) , Post 1, Wheeling, W. Va. OIL LEASE Palmer E. Henderson (1961), Post 59, Stoughton, Wis. in Nevada's Great Basin neighboring Gulf, Standard, Sinclair, Conoco, Life Memberships are accepted for publica- Union, Shell and other major oil companies. tion only on an official form, which we provide. Reports received only from Commander, Adju- Major oil companies have just leased huge NEW AREAS ifi Nevada's tant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded the life membership. rich Great Basin! Geological crews and drill rigs are now there—already They may get form by sending stamped, addressed return envelope to: a multi million dollar oil field in Ely area. Activity has reached a "L. M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 fever pitch. It's now or never! You can share in this roaring oil boom 5th Ave., New York 19, N.Y." On a corner of the return envelope write the with a U. S. Government oil lease in Nevada's Great Basin, some near number of names you wish to report. No written of struck it rich with similar letter necessary to get forms. producing wells. Thousands Americans have oil lease opportunities earning up to $3,000 monthly. Reserve OUTFIT REUNIONS your oil lease issued by the Government NOW. Choice parcels are going fast. Reunion will be held in month indicated. For particulars, write person whose address Largest Oil Lease Agents In Federal Land is given. Offer valirJ all states except Calif. Notices accepted on official form only. For form send stamped, addressed return MAIL COUPON TODAY envelope to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth Ave., New York. N.Y. MONEY-BRCK NEVADA OIL LEASE CO. (NOLCO) should received at least 30.DRY 10019. Notices be RENO, NEVADA. BOX 521 5L four months before scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary to get form. Gl)^R^NTEE Reserve my Great Basin Oil Lease Immediately. Earliest submissions favored when vol- Enclosed is $10 down-payment on a 40 acre parcel ($10 ume of requests is too great to print all. ACRES per month payments, $110 full price) 40 Enclosed is $10 down-payment on an 80 acre parcel ARMY ($20 payments per month, $210 full price) 00 down 1st Gas Reg't (WWI)-(Oct.) Murray L. Ligon. Only 510 Name 8 Jean Dr., Florrisant, Mo. 11th Engrs (WWI)-(Nov.) Joseph Boyle, 326 York a month Only $10.00 Address . , St., Jersey City 2. N.J. price) 77th Div-(Nov.) William J. Knipe. 28 East 39th (jllO full City _State_ St., New York 16. N.Y. You must be a citizen of the USA and over 21 years of age 80th Field Art'y, Bat D (WWl)-(Nov.) Herbert .J

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 33 HOW AMERICA LOOKED TO A GERMAN P.O.W. (Continued from page 21)

were U.S. Army property and there was Toward the end of the war we were able stallation is apparently the paragon. a coal stove in each compartment. to buy our cherished beer out of our Some of my colleagues suffered for years During those years we saw little of wages. Before this, we tried to interrupt in Russian POW camps. either Trinidad or its citizens, though the monotony of the days with some When the war finally ended, the reac- tradesmen such as the laundryman, home-brewed schnapps. We built our tion at the prison camp was one of relief, newspaper delivery man and the shirt own distillery and drew highly concen- and happiness at the thought of return- salesman who came to the camp were trated alcohol from oranges. This we ing home to Germany. Because of the pleasant to us. As for my association garnished with coff'ee or cocoa, until the shortage of ships and other means of with the world I had known, that was guards discovered the still and, to our transportation, however, our repatriation limited to exchanges of letters with rela- dismay, confiscated our apparatus. took almost a year. Our return trip was tives. While we were at the camp, several In the beginning, time passed very via Camp Carson, Colo., to Fort Eustis, prisoners escaped, but none remained Va., from there via Camp Shanks, N.Y., free long. The longest flight achieved to New York City. There we boarded a was by a captain who hid in a waste troop transport which took us to Le barrel and rode out of camp. He had Havre, France, and thence we traveled almost reached St. Louis before he was GIVE to Bad Aibling near Munich, where we seized by an American patrol. He left were finally released. I went to the Brit- his olive drab coat over his seat on a AT THE ish zone of occupation, to join my par- train while visiting the washroom. An fB^ ents, and I later acted as an interpreter MP patrol spotted the coat and thought for the British Military Government. In they had uncovered an AWOL American SIGN the summer of 1946 I became a news- GI; they were astonished to find a Ger- paperman in Hamburg. man POW! OF THE Today., there is no longer a camp site Today it is accepted that Hitler and at Trinidad; the barracks and the barbed the Nazis had been feeding the German RINGING BELL wire are gone. And I like to think of the public — and the German army — an removal of this camp as a symbol of the unending string of lies, but at that time last chapter in the long and painful his- my fellow German prisoners and I did tory of prisoner-of-war camps, and war not realize this. I can't say that I learned itself. For several years, I acted as a con- the truth in a flash. No, truth came grad- slowly for me, but good fortune turns up sul and press attache at the German Con- ually — and the chief sources were the in the strangest ways. It seemed that sulate General in New York City, a motion pictures and the newspapers one of my fellow prisoners had been a position in which I could dedicate myself which arrived daily. (I was amazed that watchmaker, and quite early he began to to doing my part to build a new era of The New York Times carried the accu- occupy his time by repairing our time- friendship and cooperation between my rate German military communiques. I pieces. Word got around and some of the native land and my adopted friend. knew they were accurate because I com- American military personnel began pared them with the shortwave German bringing him their watches. Soon, he An incident which occurred while we broadcasts on the radio — we had radios didn't have enough time to handle all /-\^ were still in prison illustrates such a which we were permitted to buy from the work and he invited a friend and me spirit of friendship and cooperation. A our monthly allowance.) to help. Thus I learned the watch repair day came when the father-in-law of our business, and over the years became camp commander. Col. Lambert B. Cain,

I in little of Ridgeway, THE FIRST INKLING had of the true quite competent at it as watches poured died the town Mo. might of the American army came in for repair, even from the Trinidad We were all fond of Colonel Cain, for from newsreel shots of the production townfolk via the town YMCA. we attributed much of the fairness and lines in the war plants; Hitler had told us That I did not take up watchmaking integrity of the camp operation to him. that Americans were soft and lazy, and professionally after the war I can attrib- We pooled our pennies and bought a that military production in the United ute to the University of Minnesota and funeral wreath. Not long ago, I dis- States was broken off regularly by strikes. Prof. Ralph O. Nafziger of the univer- covered, by chance, the address of Col-

As evidence of America's military sity's School of Journalism. The Red onel Cain and wrote him a letter. I would strength grew, it became increasingly Cross, always helpful, supplied us with like to conclude by quoting in part from clear that we Germans were going to all kinds of literature. One item which his reply, which filled me with a warm lose the war. We used to talk about this interested me very much was a brochure feeling about the potential of brother- until the small hours of the morning, on journalism, for which I wrote to the hood among men: and gradually the die-hard Nazi sup- university. Their correspondence course "The funeral services were held in a porters showed themselves — and were must have been excellent because it pro- little rural church in the village of Ridge- weeded out. There were, of course, un- vided me with all the background I had way, Mo., and resting on the coffin were dercover American agents among us, when I later went to work for United two large funeral wreaths, one from the who served as orderlies. These were Press and rose to the position of chief German officers and enlisted men who drawn from the ranks of German- German correspondent for that agency. had sacrificed their very limited funds speaking Americans. Slowly but surely Later, when I was assigned to cover the to purchase the wreath, and one from the they located the troublemakers, who Nuremberg war crimes trials for a news American personnel. In his funeral ser- were removed and sent to another camp. agency, I was to see and suffer through mon, the minister dwelt upon the sig-

I don't recall that the Americans ever much of the same grim footage I had nificance of the German expression of made a mistake in this effort. viewed on newsreel in the United States. sympathy. The two wreaths signified the During the course of the years, we set Thanks to watchmaking and journal- brotherhood of our two nations in up a small camp university and a theater, ism, the months rolled by quite swiftly, mutual understanding and sympathy and with costumes borrowed from the Met- and I have since concluded that among united for all that is good and noble in ropolitan Opera Company in New York. prison camps, an American POW in- the house of God." the end

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 —

THE CAPTURE OF THE GERMAN ROCKET SECRETS

. (Continued from page 17) Connecting them were some 40 other thing about construction would be MEN PAST40 tunnels, each again about 32 feet wide charged with hiding the records because and 35 feet high. if the Germans were successful in re- Afflicted With Getting Up Nights, In one tunnel the north end was used capturing the area then they would have Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, by Junkers to manufacture airplane records in shape immediate use. en- the for Nervousness, Tiredness. gines; the other end for the manufacture, I also had a hunch that when they hid If you are assembling and shipping of V-Ts. The the records they had done so in signifi- a victim of any of the above symptoms, your north end of the second tunnel was used cant batches. If we could find them we trouble may be due to Glandular Inflammation as a general machine shop; the south would obtain a cross section of the en- a constitutional disease for which it end for the manufacture, assembling tire Ministry . . . is futile for sufferers to try to treat and shipping of V-2's. The office of the "I made daily visits to the jails in the themselves. Mittlewerke was partly underground at small towns to see if I could locate any- Neglect of such inflammation may the plant, but largely in a former hos- one who might interest me. After a cause men to loose their vigor, grow pital at Ilfeld — a building covered with couple of weeks, a part of a heavy tank old prematurely . . . and often leads Red Cross markings. company moved into Blankenburg and to incurable conditions. The premises were carefully searched unearthed a German who knew some- for documents or clues. None was thing about construction. I took the man NON'SUfi$fCAL found, although a pile of ashes disclosed off the job to which he had been as- mAmifm the spot in the courtyard where records signed, placed him under arrest and be- Most men, if treatment is taken in had been burned, probably within two gan to interrogate him. I figured I had time, can be successfully non- or three days. Satisfied that there was no nothing to lose by taking the position surgically treated for Glandular In- flammation. If need for further search in the Mittel- that I knew who he was, and all about the condition is aggravated werke surroundings, the Intelligence him. This tactic brought unexpected by lack of treatment, surgery may be the only chance. The group began poking into the mountains results . . . mild non-surgical treatment adjacent to Ilfeld. "It developed that he had been in the has proven so effective it is backed with Possessing no information, and oper- construction section of the Speer Minis- a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. ating on no plan, they traveled every try. As a second shot in the dark, I told The Excelsior Medi- side road, crossroad and main road him I knew he was charged with the cal Clinic has a new within a radius of 50 miles of Ilfeld. The building of a place and the hiding of the Free Book, fully il- group questioned records of the Speer Ministry in a cave many people, patrolled lustrated, that tells in the roads every night until 1 a.m. and the mountains not more than ten how these troubles took turns standing guard at their own miles from Blankenburg. I told him that may be corrected barracks. One morning they found the inasmuch as he was a German, he could by proven non- bodies of five Italian displaced persons use his own judgment as to what he surgical treatments. This book left dead in front of their barracks. An- cared to tell me. I could only promise may prove of other morning, on a him an attempt at protection. I could lonely road, they utmost importance discovered the bodies of two U.S. sol- place him in custody, and try to look to you. Write diers who had been shot while changing after him, but would not guarantee that today. a tire on an American army truck. he would not be assassinated if it was Excelsior Medical Clinic, Dept. B 1185

learned what he . had done . . Excelsior Springs, Mo. IT WAS STILL several weeks before V-E "He thought the matter over and told Day; the forests gave protection to me he would show me where the rec- thousands of fugitive German soldiers. ords were. I immediately got an escort Following of half a dozen GIs with orders, gangs of boys from 12 armed tommy- PAYS BIG! Be Your Own Boss in a Pleasant Career to 15 years of guns, and started to drive right out of Graduates report substantial incomes. Men and age roamed the country- Wonnen of at) agns prepare easily and FREE quickly BOOK side town. seven regardless of previous experience. Course covers between the retreating and advanc- We went about miles. Dur- sales, loans, law. appraising & related subjects. TEU5 Diploma Awardecl. Study at liomeor inmajor cities. HOW ing armies, killing and carrying out their ing this period, he kept looking at me Send NOW for Bie FREE Book. No obligation. Accredited Member National Home Study Council. VA Approved. roles of Hitler's werewolves. every once in a while. Finally, he said: A number WEAVER SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE < t:»t i936) " 3521-A Broadway Kansas City. MO.-64111 of them, mostly 1 2-year olds, were cap- 'Turn off the road to the right.' tured and turned over to the military police. On one occasion, three 12-year WE DROVE INTO the forcst about olds, one in Wehrmacht uniform, were three quarters of a mile, came up BORROW BY AIRMAri cornered in a farmhouse. In the adjoin- over a little knoll, stopped and he said M00-«300-»600 or MORE ing forest they had hidden several thou- the cave was right in front of us. I saw it sand rounds of small arms ammunition, at once and also could see it had been mbarf ons; NO repi tattv 5 a^^'i I machineguns and other weapons. opened. jumped out of the car in call on you. CoMati He co signers are not t all loans are ftranted Disorganized though the search great agitation and ran to the cave. personal sienaturel seemed, it was really systematic. Con- Meanwhile I noticed people living in a uutni Cash Tou Get 24 Mo Pi, 11 vinced that members of the Speer Min- little hut. I asked them if they had seen J400>' $2400 witl not know of tt\t istry were hiding in the area, the Colonel anyone at this cave. They said some last, dignified loan service today' of Banheri Inveilmtnt Company decided the most likely Americans had been there a few days be- place was a town NATIONAL LOANS, Dept. 11-X " Sprinfi, Cetonda called Blankenburg, about 40 miles from fore. I then went into a town called Mr. R. D. Osborn, Vice Presiilent Ilfeld. "In Blankenburg," the Colonel Huttenrode, which was nearby, and NATIONAL LOANS, Dept. 11-X 101 S. Tejon, Colorado wrote in his official report, "we found there found a few members of a tank Sprints, Coto. PleJie fuih -lun Airctmcnt" In plain tnvclope. a school building . . . with some miscellane- company Name .Occupation. ous papers bearing the Speer Ministry "In the yard behind the house the Address. .Age_ insignia . . . soldiers were occupying and in a big City .2one_ "I felt sure someone who knew some- pile beside a chicken coop were records -State.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 35 The of Capture the German Rocket Secrets ever, that he would not do so until after out the key to the basement from the (Continued from page 35) dark and then only if accompanied by dirt in a flowerbox beside the entrance

plenty . . of the Speer Ministry! Luckily, there of armed guards . to the lodge. The safe containing the had been no rain for several days, and "I agreed, and asked him to put down records was in the basement. the records were in excellent condition. the location of the hiding place, and The records were important, as they The German construction man was directions on how to get there. He did. provided an analysis of the ability of visibly relieved and said that when we The place was the same place and the Germany and German-held countries, as found an empty cave he was convinced cave the same cave we had visited. I well as enemy countries, to wage war.

I would have him shot. I took him. and then asked him to describe the records, There were statistics dealing with the the papers, back to Ilfeld and put him how they were tied, how they were raw materials available to Germany and to work tabulating and translating them. packed, and what they were packed in. her enemies throughout the world. The While the records were extremely im- explaining that I needed this informa- records were very much up to date, in portant, we needed the top personnel of tion for purposes of identification. Sug- fact, up to February 1 945. the Speer Ministry to decipher and an- gesting I would like to have him write In one of many talks with Dr. Frank, off this alyze them . . . information and that he inform the Colonel inquired if there were other "1 continued my day-to-day visits to Herr Nagel and Dr. Bohn of what he records dealing with the Speer Ministry the jails, particularly the Blankenburg had told me, I took him into an adjoin- that would be of interest. After some jail which the tank company kept filled ing room where all the records were hesitation Dr. Frank said that Dr. Speer with a constantly changing personnel. piled in orderly fashion . . . had sent him all his personal records

In this jail I finally found Dr. Frank. "Astonishment spread over his face together with other records which he. Herr Nagel and Dr. Bohn. three of the as he identified the orderly stacks. Ex- Dr. Frank, had not looked at — and he top people in the Speer Ministry. Dr. pressing my pleasure over the good start would be willing to show where the Frank was administrative head, and a he had made by telling me the truth papers were hidden. lieutenant colonel; Herr Nagel was head about where the records had been hid- A day later, the Colonel went with of motor transportation for all Germany den, I told him I wanted him and his Dr. Frank to a hamlet in the mountains and a lieutenant general: Dr. Bohn was two compatriots to analyze, tabulate and about 60 miles from Ilfeld. In a farm chief personnel officer. All three had prepare a full breakdown of what we house on the edge of the hamlet. Dr. worked with Dr. Speer in various agen- had captured. In Ilfeld we found four Frank turned over all the personal pa- cies of the German Government in ad- stenographers, three of whom spoke pers of Dr. Speer, his decorations, his dition to being with him in his architec- English. Borrowing typewriters from the letters to Hitler, Hitler's letters to him. tural business before he entered the V-2 factory. I put the three captives to and complete records on file cards (24 work." Government . boxes in all) of the damage to Berlin, .

"Taking the three men to Ilfeld. I Among the records was found a letter by factory, by percentage of damage, began to question them. Beginning cau- addressed to a retired lieutenant colonel by cause — the records being complete tiously, I soon discovered a weakness in which it was stated that he would be through March 1945. Also among the that was common to almost every Ger- receiving certain records which he was records were complete drawings for the man "big-shot" we caught — they were to place in the safe in his hunting lodge rebuilding of Berlin should the city be steeped in fear, the result of living in in the Black Forest. The Colonel and destroyed by bombing. They had been the shadow of the Gestapo. Fearful of one of the sergeants in his group set out prepared by the Speer Architectural Co. resisting authority, it was a simple mat- to find the lodge — and did. just before and carried a date prior to September ter to get the right information from dark on the same day. The retired lieu- 1, 1939, the day Hitler declared war on them. With little hesitation. Dr. Frank tenant colonel, now in his eighties, de- Poland. said he would show me where the Speer nied knowledge of having received any records were hidden. He insisted, how- records but. upon seeing the letter, dug MF.ANWHiLE, the Colonel had set about tracing the whereabouts of George Richkey, the Director General of all rocket weapons production. A report came in that Richkey was working in a salt mine 90 miles distant. Two officers, detailed to find Richkey, returned with him late that same day. "It was a most profitable catch," reported the Colonel. "A nervous little man, who smoked incessantly and always brought the conversation back to scientific or technical matters, Richkey asserted he was pro-American, having two brothers in the States. He rolled his eyes in frequent agitation during our first talk, clearly expected the worst, and showed me a letter from the Third Army stating he had been interrogated and permitted to continue his work." "You mean you were permitted to continue your work for the salt company?" "Yes, sir."

"Did you tell the oflFicer who inter- 'Now, madam, I'm sure people aren't as conscious of your rogated Director weight as you imagine — easy on my couch, please." you that you had been General of the rocket weapon program?" THE AMERICAN LEGION MAOA/.IME "No, sir."

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 "

"Did he ask?" entire rocket weapon program as to pro- "No, sir." duction problems, experiments, plans — Shrinks Hemorrhoids

"In other words you just told him everything is there and everything was your name was George Richkey, that packed under my supervision." He said New Way Without Surgery you were an engineer or something like that he had personally taken the rec- Stops Itch that and you were working for the salt ords by truck to the cave where they -Relieves Pain company?" were hidden, that he changed drivers For the first time science has found a new healing substance with the astonishing "Yes, sir." three times; and that, subsequently, all ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve "I've got a different kind of job for three drivers were liquidated. pain — without surgery. In case after case, while gently relieving you. I want you to begin right now writ- Instead of going after dark, as Rich- pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. ing out a full description of yourself, all key wished, the Colonel, with Richkey Most amazing of all — results were so thorough that sufferers your activities, all the activities of the beside him, set out for the cave. Ac- made astonishing statements like "Piles have ceased to be a V-2 factory, what your people were companying them was a heavily armed problem! working at — everything! In a few min- escort. In the Black Forest, approximate- The secret is a new healing substance (Bio-Dyne«i)-discovery of a world-famous utes you will be given a list of subjects ly five miles from Ilfeld, in a cave about research institute.

I want covered." five feet wide and five feet high, run- This substance is now available in .>!?(/)- pository or ointment form under the name ning 300 feet into the side of a moun- Preparation H®. Ask for it at all drug tain, the records were found intact. counters. They were taken to the headquarters of FOR ARMCHAIR SHOPPING a nearby armored division and placed in a special room, with a 24-hour guard. 550 Unusual Gifts most interesting examination, disclosed From America's Upon they distributor of unusual gifts, toys, basic blueprints, work sheets, engineer- gadgets, imports. All colorfully illustrated in large catalog. This ing tables and advance plans for virtual- .Christmas shop in leisure at home. ly every secret weapon in the possession of German scientists.

In many ways — especially as it per-

tained to rockets — it was the most im- Dept. 3-124, 251 E. 5th St.. St. Paul 1, Minn. portant capture of the war. Without them, American scientists would have LEARN been compelled to spend months, or ^ years, of research to reach a similar MEAT CUTTIN level of knowledge. Without them, the jg| Train quickly In 8 short weeks at Toledo for a bright future with security In the vital meat business. Big pay, present-day space program would have fulI-tlTTi • Jobs — HAVE A PROFIT.ARI.R \ MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after ftv graduation. Diploma given. Job help. been long delayed. ^^Thousands of successful graduates. Our 40th year! Send now for big, new Illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. G. I. Approved. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING WITH THE CAPTURE of the master Dept. A-41, Toledo 4. Ohio records of the secret weapons program, the Colonel's mission was complet- MARTIN'S ed. Except for Dr. Wernher von Braun, FLAGS

I DISPLAYS FOR "And you also forgot our 25th anniversary, who had escaped, the top figures in the and our 50th anniversary!" I ORGANIZATIONS- Speer Ministry and the records of the TOWNS-SCHOOLS-FAIRS THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Ministry (a paper capture weighing 5,000 Prompt shipment. Ask for our colorful WHOLESALE Catalog No. 63-A pounds) were in the Colonel's possession. MARTIN'S FLAG CO.. FORT DODGE. IOWA When Richkey's report was com- A few days later Doctor von Braun was pleted he was again interrogated. This picked up by Lt. Robert C. Stanley, of time the Colonel made it clear that "we the 44th Recon. Troop, of the U.S. Army, PLAY RIGHT AWAY! Even If You Don't Know accept you as an official of the German in one of the narrow, dead-end roads be- a Note of Music Now Now It's EASY to government; we have patience and time tween the towns of Imst and Landeck learn any Instru- ment. No boring ex- and lots of people — you have lost the near the Italian border. Lieutenant Stan- ercises. Play by note right away, at home. war and, so far as I am concerned, you ley the scientist in cha- In spare tin- found German a 1 ,000.000 stude are a man who knows a lot about let, along with a number of test pilots and rockets. As an American officer, I want mechanics. Certain pieces of equipment, my country to have full possession of all including the jet rocket aircraft, were your knowledge. To my superiors, I shall located on the chalet grounds. All were People 50 to 80 recommend that you be taken to the moved to the rear and turned over to United States." the 324th Inf. Reg. Tear This Richkey vigorously nodded his as- In his official report, recently released Out Ad sent, explained he was a scientist and by the Department of Defense, the Colo- . . . and mail it today to find wanted only to his nel his arrival at develop knowledge wrote about Head- out how you can still apply in pleasant surroundings, quarters in such as existed France: for a $2,000 life insurance ". in the United States, as told him by his . . Robert Lovett, Assistant Secre- policy. Once your application brothers. for Air, tary of War happened to be is approved, the policy can be I (Spaatz) I ar- "Right now want you to tell me with the General when carried the rest of your life. where the V-2 records are hidden," in- rived and showed an interest in my Handled entirely by mail. terrupted the Colonel. booty ... A few days after I left, the No one will call! Richkey agreed to tell where the rec- Harz Mountain area was turned over to ords were hidden, and to show the Colo- the Russians for occupation. American Simply send your name, ad- nel the place — "after dark, and with capture of the vital secret weapons docu- dress and year of birth to Old plenty of guards." He said the records ments was particularly timely." American, 4900 Oak, Dept. were complete "in every detail of the THE END T1057M, Kansas City 12, Mo.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 37 eye when you pulled the trigger of a rifle just taken from storage?

BIG FLYING GRASSHOPPERS are top baits for freshwater fish but they're fast fliers and hard to catch. Scott Marshall of Lake Oswego, Ore., collects them fast. He shoots them with a charge of sand from a slingshot. The sand stuns them and they are Professional Dog Training easy to pick up. You also can wingshoot them with your .22 and scattershot cartridges if you don't mind using dead bait.

if it The dog is "man's best friend" only With patience and self-control, it isn't dif- SHOOTING LIGHT RAYS is the latest has been trained in simple obedience and ficult to teach obedience to commands sport for handgun totcrs. It's made possible good behavior. Otherwise it's more of a such as "come." In this case a long check- by a gadget called a "Pistolitc," which re- off. nuisance w ithout wliich we'd be better rope is tied to the dog's collar, the com- places the gun's cylinder and is actually a Dog training is simple and the same rules mand is given and the dog is drawn firmly small flashlight that shoots a concentrated apply to hunting breeds and house pets. toward the trainer who then gives it an en- light beam down the barrel when the gun's Here are some of the tricks of the profes- thusiastic pat. This is repeated until the

sional trainers. command is understood and obeyed with-

The basic theory is that the dog w ill do out the rope. In teaching a dog to "heel,"

happily w hat gives it pleasure, which might the trainer states the command and makes it be simply a pat on the head or a w ord of w alk on a tight leash close to his right side,

praise, and will avoid w hat results in dis- tugs it back bard when it strays, meanwhile

comfort or pain. iMost trainers reject the repeating the command, and pats it when it idea that our dogs generally obey us be- "heels" correctly. All commands are given cause they love us. No amount of scolding only once, and after being given they will keep a pup from sleeping on the furni- must be obeyed, must never be allowed to ture, but a few open mousetraps strategical- pass unfulfilled. ly placed on the furniture for a few days There's onh' one thing even a trainer

convinces it these areas are off-limits. For can't teach >'our dog not to do. If it likes 1-inch car chasers, professional trainers ha^e a to fight other dogs, you'll just have to put trigger is pulled. The light makes a at 15 feet. Excellent for that dry-firing harsh but effective remedy. They tie the up with it — like a bad relative. spot all handgunners, both culprit to a car's rear bumper and tow it a practice needed by AGAIN Remington has issued few hundred yards. A more gentle treat- ONCE Arms sportsmen and police, it fits all single- action its fine catalog of sporting firearms, ammu- iMfg. Co., ment that works with less hard-headed dogs guns and costs $7.95 from Tod-O nition, traps and targets. They claim it's Calif. Specify caliber is to have a friend in the car the dog is Thousand Oaks, their most comprehensive catalog yet. It's chasing pour a bucket of water in its face. when ordering. 48 pages long and crammed with informa- For tile dog with the annoying habit of BALLS are first-rate bait for tion on cverv' gun they make. It also gives DOUGH lumping on people, the trainer's remedy is fish but the problem is detailed data on Remington ammunition many freshwater simple. ^Vhen it jumps on him he wraps the soft bread dough on your hook. along with helpful suggestions for use in to keep his arms around its shoulders and holds it Tom Kubik of Ballaire, Ohio, offers his certain situations. They'll go fast. So if you clear of the ground w hile it struggles. With favorite recipe: flour, peanut butter and a an especially hard-headed dog he steps on want a free copy to spend some happy with vinegar. It stays hours with, write to Advertising Division, little hot water mixed its hind toes. Of course, the dog's owner casting and in fast water, he saj s. Remington Arms Co., Inc., Bridgeport on during and his friends must cooperate by giving it 2, Conn., and ask for Remington Catalog AA- the same treatment. SCOPE-SIGHT BOOSTER is a new 50. You might tell them we told you about it. To teach a bird dog to avoid rattlesnakes, gadget by Bushnell. It's a small optical at- the trainer puts a large blacksnake in its WHEN CHANGING FISH-LINE on your tachment that screws into the objective kennel. The dog will worry the snake until (not eye-piece) of your telescopic reel use your record player, recommends end bitten; the bite is harmless but sufficient to increasing its magnification. It boosts Tom Durham of Mexico, Mo. To wind off sight, make the dog shun more dangerous snakes. Bushnell's 4-power to 10, the 3-power to the old line tie the end to an empty spool teach a not to tug on its leash, 2 6.25. Price: $14.95. To dog fastened tightly over the spindle of the 7.5 and the /.-power to the trainer advises that when your dog tugs, FISH TAGS aren't only for little trout pull back on the leash with all your strength and salmon; now the big bluefin tuna of our to flop it over on its back; it will soon learn. Coast are sporting them, too. They're Are such methods cruel? The trainers West made of yellow spaghetti-like plastic and say that it is far less cruel to punish once, are fastened behind the second dorsal fin. severely enough to teach the dog a lesson, Should you bag a tuna with one, send the than to torture it with half-hearted spank- tag to the DFG, 511 Tuna St., San Pedro, ings all the rest of its life, or fail to teach Calif., along with all pertinent data and it needed lessons. Tugging dogs, for ex- you'll collect $1 reward for helping the ample, are susceptible to throat cancer. biologists trace tuna migrations. \A'hen teaching a dog vot to do some- player's turntable, then turn on the motor. thing, trainers insist it is important ad- to The spindle also serves as a convenient A WEB BELT, GI style, makes a good minister exact vioiiient punishment at the holder of the spool of new line when you're game carrier, according to an item in the of the crime, otherwise it usually will fail winding it onto the reel. New York State Conservationist magazine. to understand why it is being punished. Simply hang regular show er-curtain hooks When you come home to find Rex has YOUR GUNS may look fancier and be from it; they fit the necks of ducks, pheas- stolen food or chewed a shoe or dirtied more stable w hen you stand them on their ants, squirrels and rabbits. These surplus the floor, it is too late to punish. must butts in a gun rack or closet, but don't do Rex belts are cheap and readily available. be caught in the act. it, says Steve Haley of Warren, Alich. Stand In training a dog to do something, how- them on their muzzles. AVhen on their butts, If you have a helpful idea for this feature ive it we'll you ever, the trainer usually is gentle but firm the oil or solvent you've left in their bores send it along. If can use pay and must be infinitely patient, repeating will seep down into the action, carrying $3.00. However, we are unable to acknowl- or enter each lesson until it is understood and re- with it a certain amount of dust and powder edge contributions, return them membered. Should he become angry or ex- residue to really gum up the works. This oil into correspondence concerning them. Ad- American Legion cited and shout, the dog which usually is will freeze actions in sub-zero weather, too. dress Outdoor Editor, The trying to please, only becomes confused. And did you ever get a squirt of oil in the Magazine, 720 Fifth Ave., New York 19, N. Y.

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 ! —

"A FEW APPROPRIATE REMARKS" AT GETTYSBURG (Continued from page 13) NEW IMPROVED table in the picture made that day by coaches and a director's car containing Alexander Gardner. Lincoln told a a room with seats around the walls. newspaperman with him that his own Lincoln, his cabinet members and his speech would be "short, short, short." secretaries rode in this car. At Baltimore, Lincoln later told James Speed, who be- where the cars were pulled by horses to came Attorney General the next year, tracks of the Northern Central, a bag- that half the speech was written the day gage car was added in which lunch was before leaving Washington. served. At Hanover Junction the train Better than ever taste! Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton picked up more passengers, took the vm relief! was too busy to go but ordered a special tracks of the Western Maryland, and Better than ever Baltimore & Ohio train to transport arrived in Gettysburg at dusk. In cele- Your best antacid! President Lincoln and his party. After bration of its 100th anniversary, the Western Maryland reenacted the trip in 1952 with Ray Middleton playing Lin- OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN BIG MONEY coln. SHOE BUSINESS!

I yourown profitable'shoe store' UUL arrival, Lincoln was taken at business from home! Represent UPON fast growing million dollar firm in once to the Wills House. After spare or full time. We give you — FREE-complete Starting Outfit dining and refusing to speak to a small that makes you $217.00 EXTRA crowd (made up partly of local college / each month for just 2 easy orders a day. You feature 195 students) that had gathered in the square fast-selling dress, spurt, work shoe styles for men and women. Air-cushion shoes, many other special features! outside, Lincoln retired to his bedroom. Sizes2i/2-15-widthsAAAAtoEEEE. Draw on 200,000 pair stock. Also horsehide jackets. Start now selling to friends, A little later he sent his servant down- folks where you work. Rush postcard for FREE Outfit stairs for Wills and had a final word MASON SHOE, " 9" chippewa falls, wis. with his host as to plans for the next day. Lincoln had paper with him and worked for an hour by oil lamp on his FALSE TEETH speech. At 1 1 p.m. he took it to Secre- KLUTCH holds them tighter tary Seward who was staying next door KLUTCH forms a comfort cushion: holds dental at the home of R. G. Harper, editor of plates so much firmer and snugger that one can eat and talk with greater comfort and security: in many the Adams County Sentinel. Half an cases almost as well as with natural teeth. Klutch lessens the constant fear of a dropping, rocking, hour later the President returned with it chafing plate. ... If your druggist doesn't have to the Wills home and went to bed. In Klutch. don't waste money on substitutes, but send us 10c and we will mail you a generous trial box. all, 38 people slept there that night. Out- KLUTCH CO., Box 307-J, ELMIRA, N. Y. side Lincoln's door. Pvt. H. P. Bingham "Yes, this is the lethal lover of Harrison Avenue! Who's this?" of the 21st Pennsylvania Cavalry stood

THE AMERICAN LEtJIOX MAGAZINE guard and talked about it the rest of his long life. aItexas oil company Lincoln waiting until objected to the Lincoln's senior secretary, Nicolay, Wili\Putchase from You morning of the 19th, departure was set later recalled, "It was after the break- Oil Leases which you now have an for noon of November 18. A note from fast hour on the morning of the i9th equal opportunity to obtain from the \ U.S. GOVERNMENT for 50c per acre. Stanton to Lincoln confirmed this that he to and went the upper room in the ^t^'W Immediate sale brings BIG PROFITS said, "A carriage will call for you." Sev- house of Mr. Wills which Mr. Lincoln WRITE FOR plus OIL ROYALTIES to you. Any citizen over COMPUTE 21 con qualify. Don't miss this unusual limited eral experts on Lincoln lore read the '"a occupied, to report for duty, and re- FREE DETAILS opportunity. carriage" as "A. Carnegie." The future mained with the President while he fin- CENTRAL SOUTHWEST OIL CO. steel magnate and donor of libraries was ished writing the Gettysburg address, p. O. BOX 13611 Dept. P DALLAS 24, TEXAS in Washington during the Civil War but during the short leisure he could utilize had nothing to do with this train. for this purpose before being called to If a list was made of all those aboard, take his place in the procession, which l:lll:^ill:H'1 it has not been preserved. Everett was was announced on the program to move already in Gettysburg, so accounts of promptly at ten o'clock. his sitting across the aisle from Lincoln "There is neither record, evidence, You Can Now Be FREE are imaginary. All cabinet members were nor well-founded tradition that Mr. Lin- invited but only Secretary of State Wil- coln did any writing, or made any notes, From Truss Slavery liam H. Seward, Secretary of the Interior on the journey between Washington and Surely you want to THROW AWAY TRUSSES FOREVER, be rid of J. P. Usher and Postmaster General Gettysburg . . . either composition or Rup- ture Worries. Then Why put up with Montgomery Blair made the trip. Gen. writing would have been extremely wearing a griping, chafing and unsani- George G. Meade, the victor at Gettys- troublesome amid all the movement, the tary truss ? For there is now a modern burg, did not attend. He had been criti- noise, the conversation, the greetings Non-Surgical treatment that is de- cized by Lincoln for not pursuing the and the questionings which ordinary signed to correct rupture. These Non- Surgical treatments are so dependable defeated Confederates, and stayed away courtesy required him to undergo . . . but that a Lifetime Certificate of Assur- on the excuse military duties. still worse would have been the rockings of But ance is given. Lincoln's secretaries, his Negro valet and joltings of the train, rendering writ- Write today for our New FREE William Johnson, numerous Congress- ing virtually impossible." BOOK that gives facts that may save you painful, expensive surgery. men, the Marine Band, several foreign Two early drafts of the speech have Tells HOW and Explains WHY NON-SUR- diplomats preserved verify Nicolay's and a number of newspaper been and GICAL Methods of Treating Rupture correspondents came. Everett's daughter words. The writing of both is regular, are so successful today. Write today and several other women were aboard. and shows no sign of the jolting of a Dept. H-1144 The train was made up of three train. The one marked "first draft" is Excelsior Medical Clinic, Excelsior Springs, Mo.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 39 LINCOLN'S GETTYSBURG ADDRESS make the trip to Gettysburg for the event. A complete shorthand report was (Continued from page 39) There was applause, but no agreement made by Charles Hale, a nephew of of only 239 words and covers two pages. about the amount, as the President sat Everett, the main speaker of the day. The first page is written in ink on Ex- down and heard Dr. H. L. Baugher, Hale was present both as a correspon- ecutive Mansion stationery with the last president of the local Pennsylvania Col- dent of the Boston Advertiser and as a three words crossed out and four pen- lege, deliver a six-sentence benediction. Representative of Massachusetts. His ciled words substituted. The second page In his long address, Everett had re- version was not published until Novem- is in pencil on ordinary ruled paper. The counted the story of the war and the ber 23, but Gilbert's dispatch appeared 269-word second draft is entirely on battle and had delved into the military across the country the next day, No- ruled paper. funeral customs of the ancient Greeks. vember 20. In New York, it competed The speakers were more than an hour for space with Everett's oration and with 1INCOLN had employed some of his behind schedule in getting back to the a lengthy local speech by Henry Ward J phrases in earlier speeches but never Wills home for lunch. Beecher, the pious Brooklyn windbag. more effectively than at Gettysburg. His In a remark to his friend. Col. Ward Nevertheless, the A. P. text appeared on "fourscore and seven years ago" was a H. Lamon, who was in charge of the the front page in the New York Times. precise calculation of his phrase "80 odd day's arrangements, Lincoln deprecated Among other newspapers publishing years ago" used at the time of the vic- his speech, saying it was a failure and the speech, some from their own cor- tory at Gettysburg. He had used "a gov- would not "scour," an Illinois farm ref- respondents, were the New York Trib- ernment of the people, by the same erence to wet earth clinging to the plow. une, Philadelphia Inquirer, and Cincin- people" in a proclamation after the fall He was weary but there is evidence that nati Gazette. In Gettysburg, the local of Fort Sumter, and may have been first he was in good spirits. He received tele- Adams County Sentinel published the attracted by a sentence in a July 4, 1858, grams from his wife and Stanton re- Associated Press report, and a second sermon of Theodore Parker, Boston porting Tad better. Of the day, John weekly, the Gettyshiiri; Compiler, Minister and reformer. He said: "De- Hay wrote in his diary: "The President, copied the Philadelphia Inquirer's ver- mocracy is direct self-government, over in a fine free way, with more grace than sion. While a few partisan papers all the people, for all the people, and by his wont, said his half-dozen words of scoffed, and many made no comment, all the people." Lincoln underlined this consecration—and the music wailed, and praise for it was prompt. in a book. A great merit of Lincoln's we went home." address was what he left out. Everett The official history of the Associated "T^HE dedicatory remarks of President talked about rebellion, slavery, secession Press says there is a legend that "An Lincoln will live long among the and treason. Lincoln didn't use these unsung agent" of the A. P. reported annals of the war." said the Chicago words. Nor did he restrict to Union men Lincoln's address to the world. This is Tribune on November 20. The paper "the brave men, living and dead, who true. He was Joseph L. Gilbert, who published the text the next day and com- struggled here." earlier worked on Harrisburg news- mented: "More than any other single Lincoln's words were so few that he papers and later was a shorthand re- event will this glorious dedication nerve sat down before a photographer could porter in Philadelphia courts. Standing the heroes to a deeper resolution of the adjust his camera for a picture, but sev- just in front of Lincoln as he spoke, living to conquer at all costs." The eral photographs of the march and the Gilbert made notes but stopped when Springfield, Mass.. Republican of that crowds, one possibly showing Lincoln, he noticed the paper in the President's day termed the speech "a perfect gem. have been preserved. A painting by hands. When Lincoln concluded, the deep in feeling, compact in thought and Fletcher Ransom in the Illinois State A. P. man borrowed this long enough expression." There was also praise in the Capitol shows Lincoln speaking and the to copy the remainder of the speech. Providence Journal, New York World. dignitaries It interpolated who sat on the platform. He "applause" where he and Philadelphia Bulletin. Though it had is impressive but inaccurate. Just behind recalled it and at the end of his several correspondents at the scene, the Lincoln is shown Stanton, who did not notes wrote "long-continued applause.'' Washington Chronicle, however, strange-

ly overlooked Lincoln's speech. To

make amends, it published a day later, and sold for 5

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 The speech of Everett will never be read. used to write their monumental biog- The elocutionists believe in the virtue raphy of Lincoln. Serial rights to this of voice, the sublimity of syntax, the were sold to the Century Magazine for majesty of long sentences, and the $50,000. The copies continued in the genius of gesture. The orator loves the possession of the family of Hay, who real, the simple, the natural. He places became Ambassador to Great Britain the thought above all. He knows that the and Secretary of State. After Hay's greatest ideas should be expressed in the death in 1905, they were misplaced for ." shortest words. . . a time but Mrs. Hay found them. Maj. rnrr lO-DAY trial... Scientifically precision- Half a century after it was delivered. William H. Lambert, a wealthy Phila- HlQ ground magnifying glasses for people who need simple magnifying lenses to read small print or Chancellor of the Uni- delphia collector, J. P. at- Earl Curzon, and Morgan dofine work. Designed to relieve eyestrain and squint- versity of Oxford, termed it "a supreme tempted to buy one from her. the latter ing for men and women over 40 without astigmatism or other eye disease. ATTRACT IVE, LATEST- masterpiece" of English eloquence. offering $50,000, but she refused. The STYLE FRAMES for men and women. PPPP chemical cleaninj; cloth! SEND NO MONET — just naTne. To his credit, Everett was quick to Hay children, Clarence L. Hay, Helen r llCC age, sex. Pay postman only .?2.9f<|)lu9 C.O.D. postage. Or send $2.98 now and we'll pay postage. Whitney and Alice Wadsworth, gave the HomeOpticalCo.,4333 N.Crawford, Dept V 323G,Chicago41 manuscripts to the Library of Congress on April 11, 1916. They toured the HAMMARSKJOLD country on the Freedom train in 1947- ERROR STAMPS lOO! 1948 and one is on display in the Civil Get your famous Dag War Exhibit in the main lobby of the Hammarskjold Error of Inverted background (ori- Library in Washington. ginally quoted $5000), plus normal stamp to compare. Both Mint stamps & 2nd Error used on our mailing to you — All for 10^! Big stamp PIERCE, a railroad financier, dictionary & Approvals included. CARLOS Stamoex. Box 47 M e: . White Plains. N. Y. paid $1,000 at the New York Sani- tary Fair in 1864 for the copy given EARN be aTAX CONSULTANT Everett. It was inherited by Pierce's Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 nephew, Henry W. Keyes, was U.S. MORE month busy tax season preparing; income who in sjjare — and operate . tax returns time Senator from New Hampshire. For many profitable Business Tax Service yieldini; steady monthlv lees of $10-$50 per client, year 'round. professional standing in diKnilied full or part years, he read it on the Senate floor each Enjoy time home-oflice business. No experience necessary. train vou at home and help you start. Write Lincoln's Birthday. He sold it somewhat We today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed reluctantly for $100,000 early in 1930 by N. Y. Education Dept. National Tax Trainine School, Monsey E-17, N. Y. to Thomas F. Madigan, the famous New York autograph dealer. In his "Word Shadows of the Great," published that HOW TO PUBLISH Join our successful authors in a year, Madigan lauded it as "the most complete and reliable publishing valuable, the most important manu- program; publicity, advertising, YOUR handsome books. Speedy, efficient script that is now or is ever likely to service. Send for FREE manbscript report & copy of Publish Your Book. come within the range of even the ^ ^ 'Can't you pour it without that Dfllllf CARLTON PRESS Dept ALV thunderous splash?" wealthiest collector's powers of acqui- 84 Fifth Ave., New York 11. N. Y. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE sition." He sold it for $150,000 to James C. Ames, head of a Chicago investment appreciate Lincoln's words. In a grace- banking firm, who, with the depression Are you miserable with pain and aches of leg developing, kept his of the I ful letter thanking the President for his ownership swelling, itch, rash to ] ulcers, due deep venous courtesy to the orator's daughter, Ever- manuscript secret. After his death in I congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that

ett next day wrote: "I should be glad, 1943, an appraiser valued it at $60,000. I works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back [guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. if T could flatter myself that I came as Mrs. Ames sold it at this figure to the L. E. VISCOSE COM PAN Y near to the central idea of the occasion Illinois State Historical Society at 100 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago 10, III. in two hours, as you did in two min- Springfield. Chicago merchant Marshall utes." Everett later asked the President Field subscribed $10,000 and school to make a copy of the address for auc- children most of the remainder. DON'T QUIT SMOKING . . . Before Giving Pipe a Trial! tion with his own manuscript at a Sani- Colonel Bliss' book, "Autograph My New principle that contradicts every idea you've ever tary Fair in New York. Lincoln was Leaves of Our Country's Authors," was had about pipe smoking. 1 guarantee it to smoke cool and mild hour after hour, day after day, without rest happy to do so. published on schedule, but neither of the without bite, bitterness or sludge. To prove it, I'U let Wills, his host at Gettysburg, asked original copies sent to Baltimore for you try a new Carey Pipe. Send name today for my FREE complete trial offer. Write to : E. A. CAREY, for one "to be placed with the corre- auction was sold. The bidding failed to 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 246-L.Chicago 40, III. spondence and other papers" connected reach $1,000. with the cemetery. According to a later Bancroft, who had been Secretary of EAR NOISES account by Nicolay, Lincoln complied. the Navy when the U.S. Naval Academy He wrote another for George Bancroft, was founded, kept the unsigned copy. relieved!

. . thousands reported the historian, whose stepson, Lt. Col. While he left the bulk of his papers to . Wonderful relief from years Bliss, forerunner of the Alexander then at Fort McHenry, the Lenox Library, a of .suffering from miserable was publishing a facsimile collection of New York Public Library, this manu- ear noises and poor hearinK caused by catarrhal (excess the writings of famous authors for sale script was inherited by his grandson, Huid mucus) conditions of the head. For the past 23 Sailors' in Balti- Professor of at a Soldiers' and Fair Wilder D. Bancroft, Chem- years that's what folks (many usinpr our simple Elmo more in 1864. Lincoln neglected to title istry at Cornell University. Professor past 7(1) reported after Palliative HOME TREATMENT. NOTHING or sign it, as other contributors were Bancroft kept it in his Ithaca home for TO WEAR. SOME of the symptoms likely to go with your catarrhal deafness and ear noises; doing, was asked to provide another. but in 1931 sold it to Madigan and years, mucus droppinjr in nose or throat every day; hear better did so, thus a total of six that for hear — but don't undt rstand words ; He making $90,000. ear noises on clear days — worse on bad days ; he had written. Madigan had less luck with this copy. like crickets, bells or others. Write TODAY for PROOF OF RELIEF and The first two remained in the papers depression deepened before he The 30 DAY TRIAL. OFFER. Pay only if .helped. that his secretaries, Nicolay and Hay, could find a buyer. Shortly before his THE ELMO CO., Dept. 4AL-1, Madrid, Iowa

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 41 LINCOLN'S GETTYSBURG ADDRESS ciety in 1950 by Paul M. Angle for an just as Ambassador Cintas had wished. (Continued from page 41) exhibit commemorating the 87th Anni- The copy that Lincoln is supposed to death in 1936, he and Arthur Zinkin, versary of the address, and were then have made for Judge Wills of Gettys- owner of the Meridan Bookstore in In- shown for a week at the Library of Con- burg is missing. Wills, who was presi- dianapolis, negotiated sale of the manu- gress. In a booklet, Guy Allison of dent of the Gettysburg National Bank script and Lincoln's accompanying letter Glendale, Calif., adding all the above in his last years, died suddenly on Octo- for "something more than $50,000" to figures, calculates that collectors have ber 27, 1894. He was quoted later by Mrs. Nicholas H. Noyes. She is a mem- valued the famous address at $2,225-a- Major Lambert as saying he never re- ber of the Lilly family of Indianapolis word. This is an odd bit of accounting, ceived a copy in Lincoln's hand and who have given a library of rarities to but James C. Ames certainly paid $555- Dr. David C. Mearns, Director of the

Indiana University and is the wife of a-word for his copy, very likely a rec- Manuscript Division of the Library of an alumnus and trustee of Cornell. The ord of some kind. Congress, believes the second copy from manuscript later was appraised at Cintas displayed his copy along with the Hay family was prepared for Wills $100,000 by David A. Randall, rare valuable paintings in the library of his but was never sent to him. When sell- books expert. In 1949, Mrs. Noyes Havana home. When a visitor entered, ing later copies, Madigan, the autograph

added it to the Noyes Collection at Cor- the door was locked behind him. Armed dealer, contended Wills never received nell, which includes other Lincoln docu- guards were on duty at all times. When one but the evidence is strong that he ments as well as a complete collection Cintas died in May, 1957, the manu- received something. of letters from signers of the Declaration script was in a First National City Bank Wills' letter of November 23, 1863, of Independence. It is mounted between box in New York. At that time it was asking for "the original manuscript of removable plastic sheets in the Cornell discovered that he had made two wills. the Dedicatory Remarks" is in the Lin-

University Library which has insured it By one made 1 1 days before his coln papers given the Library of Con-

for $100,000. Zinkin is now a publisher death, he left to the Cintas Foundation gress by Robert Todd Lincoln. Nicolay of children's books and recordings in his personal property "paintings and recorded that one was sent, and the text, New York City. other works of art owned by me and a little difi'erent from the press reports, located in New York City." But a 1953 was included in the report of Judge THE signed and dated Baltimore copy, will in Cintas' own hand specifically Wills' committee as published at Harris- the last made by Lincoln, was in- mentioned the Gettysburg manuscript burg by Singerly & Myers, printers for herited by Colonel Bliss' son. Prof. Wil- and said: "I wish to give it to the White the state. Carl Sandburg and other Lin- liam J. A. Bliss of Johns Hopkins, and House in Washington to be deposited coln scholars are certain something was it just cor- then by his widow. It held Lincoln's in the Lincoln Room with my compli- sent but may have been a clipping. final thoughts on the text. Madigan ments." While attorneys argued, it was rected newspaper might have bought this manuscript too, moved to a vault of the Chase Manhat- Wills House, no longer owned by had he not studied it through a magni- tan Bank, executor of the estate. THE fying glass. Mrs. Bliss thought he was Litigants fought over the Cintas paint- his family, still stands on the square questioning the authenticity of the docu- ings which were auctioned last May at at Gettysburg, a block from General ment and threw him out. It was auc- Parke-Bernet for $1,280,500, but all Eisenhower's office. The ground floor tioned for $54,000 at the Parke-Bernet soon agreed the White House should is a drug store and the upstairs a mu- Galleries in New York in 1949 to Oscar have the manuscript. It was removed seum. For 50cJ the tourist can see the B. Cintas, a former Cuban Ambassador from the bank vault with some ceremony room in which Lincoln worked on his to the United States. and carried in a blue leather, gold-tooled address. A wall in the next room is cov- Guarded by Pinkerton men, the three case to Washington, D. C, by special ered by a copy of the address carved copies that had been sold and the messenger as something of a 1959 birth- out of wood from Ford's Theatre, a Library of Congress copies were brought day present to President Dwight D. tree over Ann Rutledge's grave and

together at the Chicago Historical So- Eisenhower. It is in the Lincoln Room wood from other scenes of Lincoln's history. Facsimiles of five versions of the speech are displayed but there is no mention of the Wills copy.

What has become of it? Herman Blum, founder and director of the Blum- haven Library in Philadelphia, offered a $5,000 reward for its discovery in 1953, without results. It may have gone to the Harrisburg printers in 1864. It may have gone to the National Archives in Washington a few years later when the federal government took over the cemetery. (The picture that may show Lin- coln at Gettysburg was discovered in the Mathew Brady negatives in the National Archives a few years ago.) The copy may have been among some Wills family papers removed from storage in 1916 and destroyed to save charges. Mrs. Thomas Preston of Philadelphia, a granddaughter of Judge Wills, is of this

opinion. Or it still may be resting in some Pennsylvania attic. If in Lincoln's

hand, it would be his earliest copy with "under God." It would be worth at least $50,000. Any clues? the end

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 Easy Mortgage Money FREE CATALOG Why It Pays To Save ADIRONDACK CHAIRS •TABLES PERSONAL Billiards Comes Back Manufacturers of • SCHOOL FURNITURE • BLACKBOARDS Homeowners rapidly are catching onto the fact that they can get mortgage • TENNIS TABLES money for just about any purpose they choose. Boats, splashy vacations, col- ADIRONDACK CHAIR CO. 104-CW.17ih-N.Y, lege educations — you name it — now are being financed that way. Here's a

• • • • hypothetical example: ; DALLAS BOSTON L A. CHICAGO PITTSBURGH • Let's say you need $5,000 to send your boy to college, and you want a loan that's repayable in very easy bites. NO NEED TO WEAR • Part — if not all — of the mortgage on your home has been repaid. In any event, you figure the property is in good enough financial shape to back up a loan. A TRUSS • So you ask your bank to slap a new $5,000 mortgage on the premises— at 5^2% to 6% interest over ten, 20, or 30 years. FOR RUPTURE • If the loan comes through, you can send your boy to college for $29.98 a That Binds. Cuts. Gouges, month on a 30-year, mortgage; $35.83 on a 20-year agreement; or $55.52 .Slips and Does Not Hold 6% If you must wear a Truss for Rupture, on a ten-year haul. don't miss this. A Post Card, with name This method of getting longterm money has become so popular that mort- and address, is all you send to W. S. Rice, gage-borrowing now far exceeds the sums spent on new-home construction. Inc., Dept. 8R, Adams, N. Y., to get FREE, and without obligation, the complete mod- Moreover, lending institutions are beginning to advertise their eagerness to ernized Rice Plan of Reducible Rupture refinance your existing mortgage. Control. Now in daily use by thousands who The two big appeals of such a deal, of course, are: 1) the easy monthly pay- say they never dreamed possible such secure, dependable and comfortable rupture protec- ments, 2) the relatively low interest rate. tion. Safely blocks rupture opening, pre- But keep this in mind: are a long period of time, Since you repaying over vents escape, without need for bulky, cum- the interest mounts up. Specifically: If you have a $5,000 mortgage at 6% for bersome Trusses, tormenting springs or ten years, your payments will total $6,660; over 20 years, they will pile up to harsh, gouging pad pressure. Regardless of how long ruptured, size, occupation, or $8,600; and for 30 years, they will be $10,800. trusses you have worn. TRY THIS and send your Post Card today. If you're a saver instead of a spender, you're in a strong situation these days. Interest rates have been firming steadily, partly as the result of Govern- ment measures to keep dollars at home. Here's what your savings currently TIRED OF WORKING will earn for you: FOR SOME ONE ELSE? Send name for wonderful Free Book. Shows • U.S. Savings Bonds (E and H): when held to maturity. 3%% how to start your own business in spare time • Savings accounts: 3^/2% to over A% depending on where you deposit and while holding job — how to build. We finance for what length of time. you for all but a few hundred dollars. Nat'L advtg. brings you prestige and work. Write — • Savings and loan associations: Along the Pacific Coast they're promising GRANT MAUK, 3-190 Duraclean BIdg., Oeerfield, Illinois as much as 4.85% compounded daily (4.97% annually). Meantime the yield on common stock has been running slightly over 3.2%; for top grade bonds, the figure is around 4.25%. LOOK FOR

More and more everyday electronic gear is being rigged up with transistors THIS EMBLEM —instead of tubes — these days to add to reliability and to save space. You'll notice the trend in this fall's new phonograph lines. The transistorized amplifier is the big rage. Just about all major manufacturers are boasting better performance and more oomph because of the tiny components. Make Rubber Stamps for BIG PAY Meantime, Polaroid has a new automatic camera with no mechanical tim- Need more money? Earn $30-S5O ing mechanism whatsoever. Instead, a transistorized device shuts off the light a week, spare time, at home making rubberstamps for offices, fac- intake when it's sufficient to create an image on the film. tories, individuals. Hundreds of uses. Hundred:^ of prospects— everywhere. Right in your own com- nity. Turn out special stamps for s, addresses, notices, prices, Pocket billiards (once called "pool") is making a tremendous comeback, etc , inutes with table-top machine. We both in the home and as a business enterprise. Note that baseball star Mickey sheverythinKO/irf/if/;) Jinanreyon Inte for free facts. No salesman calls. Mantle has just launched a "Billiard Center Franchise System," thus getting Rubber StampDiv., 1S12 Jarvis Ave., Dept. R-8-1 Chicago 26 into an area pioneered by billiard champ Willie Mosconi, who already over- sees a nationwide string of establishments. RC3IL GUARANTEES Roughly, here are the economics of a pocket billiard franchise system: Your PSORIASIS setup should have at least 12 tables (some go as high as 50). The works — tables, fittings, and accessories — will cost about $2,200 per table. In other RELIEF words, a complete 12-table setup will run around $27,000, exclusive of real OR YOUP MOMEY BACK estate. The franchise operator will loan up to 80% of the layout and charge Siroil works . . . we guarantee it or money back. Siroil stops the itching, removes $50 per table per year thereafter. For this he provides the know-how, stages embarrassing scales and crusts, and it's easy to use. Millions of bottles of Siroil have exhibitions, and generally supervises the business. been sold. Get Siroil today at all drug stores. The two major keys to success are: 1) getting a respectable all-family trade, -iHl' and organizing teams or leagues, similar to bowling leagues (in fact, many "] 2) ' Siroil Laboratories Inc. Dept. AL-28Santa Monica, Calif. Please send me your new Free booklet on PSORIASIS. • of the successful pocket billiard operations are run in conjunction with bowl- I ing alleys). Customers pay $2 to $2.50 per table per hour — potentially a high I Please Print | rate of return. I ADDRESS I By Edgar A. Grunwald ! CITY THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE OCTOBER 1963 43 FUN AND PROFIT FROM GUN COLLECTING (Continued from page 15) tucky Rifles and many collectors realize condition. Genuine specimens which pistols, great-coat pistols, and by other that they should be called Pennsylvania were originally made as percussion arms terms, but in that year Calvin Hetrick, Rifles since the true Kentucky Rifle de- retail for about $200 in good condition of New Enterprise, Pa., began to cor- veloped in Pennsylvania. These rifles and about $300 in fine condition. respond with experts in an effort to get were made principally in and around them to recognize the Kentucky Pistol Lancaster County, Pa., although many COLLECTORS, including both begin- as a distinctive type. were made in other states. Originally ners and advanced hobbyists, must In 1940, the greatest firearm experts they had no special name but through be very careful that they do not buy a in America came to an agreement that the years collectors and historians con- Kentucky Rifle originally made as a per- the true Kentucky Pistol is the short arm tinued to call them Kentucky Rifles, cussion weapon and then converted back made by the same gunsmiths who made and it is too late to change their name. to flintlock to obtain a higher price. the Kentucky Rifle. They announced Although Kentucky Rifles in both Many experts will not buy such fakes that these are really miniature Kentucky flintlock and percussion types were used and those who do buy them are foolish Rifles, with the characteristic "Ken- in our early wars, they were never offi- to pay more than $100 in good condition tucky" slender stocks, and made with cially adopted as U.S. Martial Shoulder or more than $150 in fine condition. rifle-like "furniture" — trigger guards, Arms for several reasons, the principal Even worse are the so-called "repro- ramrod thimbles, muzzle caps, etc. Most one being that they were handmade. ductions" which are advertised openly true Kentucky Rifles and Pistols are Hence no two were ever made exactly for sale in otherwise reputable maga- fully stocked, which means the stock alike, even when produced by the same zines of large national circulation. Al- extends to the muzzle or almost to the man. Second, they were not made to though some of the manufacturers and muzzle. hold a bayonet, and finally, they were dealers who sell these fakes stamp "Re- In spite of the rarity of Kentucky Pis- rified arms in an age when the War and production" or some other indication of tols, there was not much demand for Navy Departments were clinging to lack of authenticity on the rifles, such them in 1940 because few collectors smoothbores for general issue to the marks are easily removed and replaced realized their importance, hence many armed forces. by fraudulent names and dates for the of them were sold for about $80 in good purpose of increasing the price when condition and for about $120 in fine IN 1940, genuine Kentucky flintlock they are sold to unsuspecting purchasers. condition. These were prices for genu- rifles in their original condition re- The same men who made the Ken- ine specimens in their original flintlock tailed at about $100 in good condition tucky Rifles also made what we now condition. Those made as percussion and about $150 in fine condition. Ken- call Kentucky Pistols, both flintlock and pistols or converted from flintlock to tucky Rifles altered from flintlock to per- percussion, but all of those who made percussion, sold for much less. In 1963, cussion retailed at about $40 in good the Kentucky Rifles did not make the the same pistols in their original flint- condition and about $60 in fine condi- pistols and those who did, produced lock condition, when genuine, and avail- tion. In 1963, genuine Kentucky Rifles them in very small quantities, hence able, retailed in good condition for in their original flintlock condition sold genuine Kentucky Pistols, both flintlock prices ranging from $700 to $1,050 and for about $400 in good condition and and percussion, are very rare. in fine condition for prices ranging from about $600 in fine condition. Genuine Rarity in itself does not cause high $1,000 to $1,500. During 1963, genuine Kentucky Rifles originally made as flint- prices in the absence of demand. Until Kentucky Pistols originally made as per- locks and then altered to percussion about 1939, Kentucky Pistols were clas- cussion arms, or converted from flint- rifles have been selling for about $250 sified by collectors, dealers and museum lock to percussion, were almost as ex- in good condition and about $375 in fine curators as cavalry pistols, horsemen's pensive and as difficult to find. ALL Remington percussion arms and early cartridge arms, both hand guns and shoulder arms, have gradually increased in value so much that the be-

ginner is discouraged when prices are quoted. The same thing applies to the very early Smith & Wesson revolvers, but many of the Smith & Wesson revolvers are still sold at prices within reach of the beginner. Bargains in Smith & Wesson revolvers are generally found in those models manufactured in 1880 or later. For example, Smith & Wesson Model .32 Double-Action, First Issue, which uses a cal. .32 S. & W. center-fire cartridge, and has a 3-inch, blued or nickeled, round barrel, 5-shot, with a round steel butt having black hard-rubber grips, and a frame finished in either blue or nickel, usually retailed in 1963 for $40 in good condition and $60 in fine condition. Collectors normally disregard the bore in describing condition unless they intend to fire the weapon, hence the in- "May I have a moment of your time?" THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE terior of the barrel is not considered.

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 Some collectors like to fire antique rifle but chambers it to fire the 7.62 cal. .30, (Garand) is worth from $60 to weapons, but those guns having a high millimeter cartridge. $90, depending upon condition, and is value are not fired by most collectors be- Although federal and state laws re- another martial arm you can buy for less cause they don't want to risk damage to strict the ownership, possession and use than the prices quoted here, if you shop their specimens. of certain weapons, the adoption of the around.

Derringers, whether made by Henry Model 1 4 throws almost all previous Deringer, Jr., or by one of his many U.S. weapons into the surplus arms mar- THE U.S. Revolver, Model 1917, cal. imitators, have a present average retail ket and here is where beginners can buy .45, whether made by Colt or by value of" $120 in good condition and arms for a collection and even for tar- Smith & Wesson, is worth $50 to $75, $180 in fine condition. Even at these get practice and hunting. depending upon condition, but there are prices, they are bargains, if genuine, opportunities to pick up bargains if you but these prices seem high to beginners. THE U.S. Magazine Rifle, Model read the advertisements in magazines Freaks and oddities is a catch-all 1892. Krag-Jorgensen. cal. .30, in its and visit dealers in surplus martial arms. term for weapons difficult to classify original, genuine state is worth $140 in The Colt Government Model of 1911 under any other names. This group in- good and $210 in fine condition. When Automatic Pistol, cal. .45, in its original cludes alarm guns. Apache pistols, converted, with a magazine cutoft' al- version is worth from $80 to $ I 20 as a bludgeon (club-handled) pistols, boot- collector's item, disregarding shooting leg pistols (made without a trigger guard condition. If it is marked "Model of to be carried in a boot or in a loop 1911 U.S. Marine Corps," it is worth fastened to a boot), cane guns, dagger $ 1 00 to $ 1 50, disregarding shooting con- pistols, ladies' or muff pistols, palm pis- dition. tols, pencil or fountain pen pistols, and In addition to the thousands of U.S. similar variations from the normal fire- Martial Shoulder Arms and U.S. Mar- arm design. These are at present within tial Pistols and Revolvers dumped on the reach of the beginner. Many of these the market as surplus, there are guns retail for about $40 or less in good con- that many veterans brought back as sou- dition and $60 or less in fine condition. venirs — the martial arms of England, A few sell for as low as $10 or $15. The France, Germany, Russia, Italy, and only caution here is that many states Japan. Those who did not come home have laws prohibiting the carrying of with foreign arms can buy them at ridic- such weapons, even when the owner has ulously low prices from the surplus arms a pistol permit. dealers who advertise in magazines and newspapers. Antique gun dealers as a ALTHOUGH collectors in the past em- group do not sell these weapons because phasized pistols and revolvers, the the guns are regarded as modern or comparatively small supply of genuine semi-modern, but this is the reason you specimens has caused them to turn more can use such firearms to start a fine col- to long arms. One of the most popular lection either for your American Legion groups consists of those muskets, mus- Post or for your own home. ketoons, rifles and carbines made by One good example is the Italian Car- the United States at its National Armo- "Watch that sharp rock . . . get over to your bine which fires the 6.5mm. Italian right ... try putting the pick in your other ries or made by private contractors. military cartridges. This retails on the ." hand . . These are called 'U.S. Martial Shoulder less than THE A.MEIiK AN LEGION MAGAZINE surplus arms market for $20 Arms." Experimental or trial specimens in good shooting condition and when and those used by troops not in the fed- equipped with the original Italian snip- eral service are called "U.S. Secondary tered to indicate whether the magazine er's telescopic sight, it retails for about Martial Shoulder Arms." Those which is functioning or not, and with "1896" $20 to $30. were made as flintlocks, percussion stamped on the stock, it is known as If you're buying firearms from war weapons, and the early cartridge weap- U.S. Magazine Rifle, Model 1896, cal. surplus dealers for a collection, you ons are in such demand that many of .30 and is worth $50 in good and $75 have no problem, but if you're buying them retail at prices ranging from $120 in fine condition, regardless of the bore such weapons for hunting or target prac- to $180 in good condition and from condition. If you shop around, dealers tice, take them to a good gunsmith for $180 to $270 in fine condition. in surplus martial arms may sell one in examination, thus making certain that When the United States adopted the good shooting condition at even lower they are safe to fire. War surplus dealers U.S. Rifle, 7.62 MM., Model 14, the prices. sell arms "as is" and if you suffer per- armed forces announced that this weap- The U.S. Magazine Rifle, Model sonal damage, there is little or no re- on replaced the Colt Automatic Pistol, 1903, cal. .30, generally called the course. cal. .45, originally identified as Model Springfield, in good shooting condition Martial arms, especially the martial 1911; the Thompson Submachine Gun, is worth from $50 to $75, but surplus arms of the United States, are the "guns cal. .45; the Browning Automatic Rifle, arms dealers are also selling this at lower of glory." They have been used to make affectionately known as the "B.A.R."; prices. However, if you can find one and preserve this nation as a free and in- and the U.S. Rifle, cal. .30, M-1, popu- made especially for firing at the National dependent republic. The wood and iron larly called the "Garand." The United Matches, with a pistol-type grip, it is in these arms are worth only a few cents States did not need to adopt the Model worth $80 to $130 depending upon con- but the story behind their design, manu- 14 for its own interests, but did this dition. facture and use in battle cannot be because the nations constituting the The U.S. Rifle, Model 1917, cal. .30 measured in terms of money. Know your North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Enfield), in good shooting condition, guns, but also know the story behind wanted all the member nations to use is worth from $40 to $60, but you can them. Therein lies the true value of fire- the same cartridge. Contrary to popular buy excellent specimens from surplus arms for a personal or an American opinion, there is no such thing as a arms dealers for less. Legion Post collection. NATO Rifle. Each nation adopts its own The U.S. Rifle, Model 1936, M-1, THE END

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 45 •'I SAW CUBA BETRAYED" (Continued from page 11)

arm around me, and said, "Sergio, you Castro's quarters in the Havana Hilton. Havana Hilton at 6 p.m. sharp. We have done well. You are to be my first The boycott was keeping many Cuban would go together.

ambassadorial appointment. I am nam- workers out of jobs, and there was pres- When I arrived at 6 p.m. the plans ing you my Ambassador to England." sure on Fidel to ease up. "'They say the were all changed. We would go not to This was a surprise of the first mag- revolution is over, we are the winners, the British but to the Brazilian Embassy. nitude to me. I was to play a part for and now we should be friends with Eng- En route, I asked about our date with Cuba on the world stage. It was per- land," Fidel told me one night. "What the British. "Never mind," Fidel told haps my greatest opportunity to help is your idea about that, Sergio?" me. "They can wait." my country. I said that it was a tricky and impor- "Fidel, they are expecting us at 7 tant problem. "But it is one we must p.m." BEFORE GOING to Great Britain, I had come to grips with now, Fidel." "Call them," he said, "if you want to." a chance to see Castro close up. I "So?" he said. "But the British are From the Brazilian Embassy, I noti- traveled with him to Venezuela and fied them that— as Fidel had suggested— back. The more I saw, the more appre- we would be delayed half an hour at

hensive for Cuba I became. most. He would storm hysterically some- The delay was somewhat longer than

times, at something I or someone else expected. It was after 1 a.m. when we said. The next instant, he would come arrived at the British Embassy. over and throw his arm around me. It was obvious that Fidel feared some "You are right, Sergio. You are a good kind of cloak-and-dagger act against friend whom I trust." him. We went to the embassy in three

In a room crowded with advisors, he cars. Fidel and I rode in the middle would move from one conversation to car, with, black limousines behind and another, throwing in a word here or ahead of us, crammed with men and there, now of approval, now of cutting machineguns at ready. derision. Or he would go into long silences, and sit and listen, saying noth- SLOPPY, ill-kempt, unwashed, Cuba's ing, a wild dreamlike stare in his eyes. leader went to the door of the em-

When angry, I have seen him stamp bassy. I was at his side. He informed the his feet, cry out like an enraged boy of Ambassador, who came to the door to ten, throw himself on a hotel bed and greet us, that the meeting could not take wrap himself in the sheets like some place in the embassy after all. crazed creature. "You will come with us," Fidel or- I have also seen him spit on the floors dered. "In the car." and on the fine rugs of the Cuban Em- Ambassador Stanley Fordham agreed bassy in Washington, as well as on the to these extraordinary conditions. He floors of some of the best Central got into the back seat of the limousine, "Now here's a petite little gunboat." American hotels. wedged in between Fidel and me. One example of his erratic behavior THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Our caravan started off. The three came on his trip to Venezuela. There vehicles raced through the streets of were some 40 gleaming black limousines tricky, too, and they dealt with traitors, Havana and the suburban roads at in the entourage of diplomats during his with the worms we have had to fight and speeds of 60 and 70 mph. It was a triumphal tour of Caracas. stamp out." careening, screeching nightmare of

Suddenly, Fidel spied a sidewalk din- I didn't know whether one of his brakes and near collisions, through the

ing stand with a large sign reading, in storms was about to erupt, but I still had darkened streets, over pitch-black roads. Spanish: Mondongo cle Toro Negro to tell him what I believed best. "You Fidel was engrossed in his discussion

(Black Bull Tripe) . Many people do not must make up your mind, Fidel," I said. with the Ambassador. He told Ambas- like this dish, but Fidel, with the curi- "Either break with England—or be sador Fordham that he would not con-

osity of a child, stopped the car and friends. We can't have it both ways, boy- sider any agreement unless and until stepped out. cott on one hand, friendly relations on Britain paid reparations for damages The whole entourage of formally at- the other." it had helped to inflict on Cuba. tired diplomats and high army and navy His head nodded up and down with "You furnished arms to our enemies, officials had to halt, and the men get sudden eager little movements. "Yes, arms Batista used against us, oil to drive out of the cars and crowd up to the Sergio— yes. But what do you suggest?" Batista's tanks. You sided with him." counter where they ate dripping portions I told him; "I think you should meet "But you have won your revolution," of tripe with the new master of Cuba, with the British Ambassador and talk the Ambassador protested. who personally swallowed enough for with him, man to man. Just talk the Castro heaped on his abuse. "You a dozen diplomats. whole thing out, tell him what you feel, will pay, you and your oil companies, Since Fidel's ascent to power our re- see if we can arrive at some accord." you will pay for what you have done to lationship with the British was increas- "I like that," Fidel said. "Sergio, you us, to the people of Cuba." ingly important. The British had sup- do this. Arrange a meeting with him The Ambassador tried another tack, ported Batista, and there was strong tomorrow at 7 p.m. at the British Em- "I am authorized. Dr. Castro, to come feeling against them. A boycott against bassy. You will go with me." to terms so that the boycott of these their important oil investments was in I called the embassy to make plans. companies and investments in which we

full swing after our victory. Since I was Dr. Castro would be there at 7 p.m. to are interested will be lifted. We believe

his new Ambassador, we had many dis- meet with Ambassador Fordham. The it is in the best interests of you and us."

cussions on this problem lasting into the embassy appeared delighted. I called Fidel grew philosophic. "When a large small hours, generally taking place at Fidel. He told me to meet him at the country humbles itself to a smaller

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 country, it gains in size," he said, his as I had some support from those nor for any agrarian program-but for tone completely changed. "When a small around me. those guns and bullets we had purchased country humbles itselt, it only grows When I was sent to Europe in Febru- in Belgium. smaller. It is up to England." ary 1959, to fill my post as Ambassador Following this $5 million errand, I "In what way," asked the Ambassa- to Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth, Fidel went over to England with my wife and dor. also handed me a couple of added as- daughter and. on March 1 1, 1959, pre-

Fidel said, "Ambassador, I want signments: I was to go along with a sented my credentials to Her Majesty.

$250,000 in reparations. I want your mission to Belgium to buy 25.000 ultra- Riding to Buckingham Palace in a car- oil companies to build new housing for modern automatic rifles and 75 million riage of state to meet the Queen was a our workers— at their expense. I want all rounds of ammunition. thrilling experience. She was quite gra- needed repairs on the refineries made at Also— would I drop over to Switzer- cious, told me she had seen me the night once." land with the mission and pick up $5 before on television and added, "You The British Ambassador argued that million in a numbered account held in were really very good. Ambassador this would involve tremendous sums. a Swiss bank for the former Cuban Am- Rojas." Fidel brushed his objections aside. The bassador to Switzerland and his one- Her words and manner were a touch

Ambassador finally said, "All right. I time boss— Batista? of graciousness out of a world I had will see what can be done." almost forgotten. The British were paying a high price Barely two weeks after my arrival, for this accord. They shook hands in the communists made a new move in the car. my direction. I had a phone call from Immediately, Fidel ordered the cars the Polish Embassy. The Ambassador to halt. It was now 2:30 a.m. We wished to pay me a call. He would like screeched to a stop on a darkened high- to bring the Czechoslovakian Ambassa- way 15 miles outside of the city. Fidel dor with him. "It is a matter of imme- opened the door. "Take the Ambassa- diate importance," I was told. dor back to town in the other car, Ser- gio," he said. I SET THE meeting for the next day. We got out of the limousine. The The two men were friendly, smiling, door slammed shut and the car roared diplomatically correct. They were also off. The Ambassador and I stood a mo- making an obvious attempt to buy the ment on the dark road, in the cool of Cuban government. the Cuban night. The Polish Ambassador said, "We After an instant, Fordham sighed and are here to offer the Cuban people's commented quietly, "A most unusual government a credit of $100 million." interview." I replied, "That is a most extraor- We walked back to the rear car with dinary offer." its machineguns in the front seat, and "There are no strings whatever," the returned the Ambassador to the com- Czech added. "No conditions, beyond parative calm of the British Embassy. the fact that Cuba is to receive this credit." "A thing like that can ruin my whole day." THE ERRATIC actions of Castro after "Exactly," the other man put in. "If he assumed power alarmed me and TIIK A.MEUICAN LEGION MAGAZINE your Dr. Castro accepts, it is only a mat- many of my associates in the new gov- ter of the mechanical details by which ernment. Extremists, well-known fellow This arms purchase was a real ex- your country can avail itself of this travelers and other dangerous elements ample of the "big lie" technique. At credit." were being elevated to positions of pow- home, Fidel was telling the people we One hundred million dollars— for ab- er. I and others began to prepare to fight no longer needed the burden of arms; solutely nothing! them. We saw the confiscation of all he had lifted that from Cuba's weary I had no authority to reject out of property without legal justification. We shoulders. Army barracks would be con- hand this communist payoff attempt. I saw the firing squads operating around verted into schools. "Arms— for what?" sent a cable in code about this offer and the clock. was his slogan at that time. received a reply in code: "JOIN It was true that many of those exe- But, then, why was our mission being CASTRO GROUP WASHINGTON

" cuted at "the wair'-even though their sent over to buy 75 million rounds of DC AT ONCE. trials were inexcusable farces—were, in ammunition? The following day, I flew to Wash- fact, men who had tortured and mur- I told a companion on our Atlantic ington. Castro was in the United States dered thousands during the Batista ter- crossing on the S.S. United States, "I to address the National Press Club. I ror. But the lack of legal protection was believe we are building a monster which reported to Castro what the two Am- an increasingly terrifying fact. will destroy us all." bassadors had offered us. Fidel listened

At the same time, Fidel still paid lip But we carried out our mission. We absently. When I was finished he said, service to democracy, and in his new bought the weapons and then dropped "All right. All right. Sergio. Now leave government hundreds of those who sup- over to the office of Credit Suisse of this offer with me." ported him and held office were them- Bern. After some discussion with Ba- I never heard a word further about it. selves noncommunist and many were tista's Ambassador to Switzerland, I got But I knew now how urgently the anti-communist. him to agree to turn over the $5 million reds were trying to buy us. Fidel assured them and me that as to the new regime. Some months later, the charge soon as it was feasible, free elections We gave him a letter acknowledging d'affaires from Communist China came would be held. Months later, he came that the money had been returned and in to see me. He was obsequious, mild, out with a new slogan, "Elections—for praising him for his patriotic behavior. offered us economic help anytime we what?" A few months later, Castro ordered con- needed it, invited me to visit China as I decided to go on fighting for liberty fiscated everything this man had in Cuba. the guest of Chou En-lai, and w arned me within the Fidelist government as long That money went not to rebuild Cuba, with warm red camaraderie. "Be very

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 47 I SAW CUBA BETRAYED munists. I reported all these activities to tions over to the enemies of all freedom, (Continued from page 47) the British Secret Service. and all humanity.

I saw Dr. Ernesto Guevara, the Ar- "Who the devil are you," I demanded, careful. Your phone is tapped constantly gentine physician and communist inter- "you and Fidel and Guevara, to impose by the British." national agent, become economic czar a communist revolution and dictatorship In May 1959, the Cuban agrarian re- of my Cuba. on the Cuban people?" form laws were put through. Commu- When that happened — in November We had a violent argument there in nistic in concept, they were carried out 1959—a group of Ambassadors in the embassy. There were several wit- with all the demagogy of full-fledged Europe, including myself, considered a nesses. I told him that my freedom as a red techniques. It was after this that I mass resignation as a form of protest. Cuban and as a man who had done as began to have conversations with other We did not go through with this plan much as he for the revolution gave me officials— and other Ambassadors. because some felt the idea was prema- the right to say what I thought. "Neither ture. you," I said, "nor anyone else can stifle ONE NIGHT at the beginning of 1960, At Christmastime that year, I had a that right." at a dinner held by the Costa Rican visitor for 15 days at the embassy—the "You are a reactionary, an enemy of Ambassador, I discussed openly the Cuban Army Inspector General, Wil- the revolution," he shouted at me.

Cuban situation. I told the British Un- liam Galvez. I noted that his reading When Galvez returned to Cuba a few der-Secretary of Foreign Relations for material consisted of communist books days later. I learned that he filed a com- Latin America, in front of the Costa and tracts. plete report in which he stated, "Rojas Rican and the Peruvian Ambassadors, Galvez went from London on a tour is a dangerous agent of Yankee and that the Cuban government and the of the red lands, including visits with British imperialism and must be re- Cuban revolution were of a commu- Mao Tse-tung in China; Gromyko in moved." nist nature and that the West had to do Russia: the later-to-be-slain Kassem, Alone in the embassy that night in something about it. then red boss of Iraq; Ho Chi Minh of May 1960, after Galvez had flown off

In the meantime, the red tide rolled North Vietnam and other well publi- for Havana, I began to consider the through the foggy serenity of England. cized reds in Europe and Asia. scope, the gigantic error which we—the I saw Cuban leaders come to London On his return he was full of all the freedom-loving people of Cuba—had and go on into the Iron Curtain coun- wonders of these lands. "Tomorrow's made. tries. I saw the communist tinge grow history," he proclaimed, "is in the hands I went over the fantastic episodes of into a crimson smear. of the communists." this fantastic schizophrenic regime. The One night my wife heard a noise on "In their bloody hands," I answered harangues, the endless speeches, the the floor above in the embassy residence angrily. continuing use of repetitious phrases— where our offices were located. She went Galvez regarded me with a narrow- "landowners," "exploiters," "counter- very quietly upstairs, opened the door, ing look of concern. "What did you revolutionaries," "oligarchies" and a and found one of the members of my say?" he asked quietly. 1 did not answer. hundred others. The hysteria, the fits, staff, a woman named Perla Vazquez, He went on, "And what made you say the mania for personal power, the sa- going over my papers and my private it?" distic collective cry of Paredon! (The files. We discovered that she was a mem- "You mean you believe in them, in wall!) for those who dared to disagree. ber of the Communist Party working for their way— for us?" the Cuban Secret Police as the London "Of course I believe in their way," he IT WAS the new Hitler on his rise to representative of the Cuban G-2. said flatly. "Of course, of course." power.

Through another agent, also a mem- I was furious. I loved my country. 1 I could no longer continue to com- ber of the Communist Party, she was in was no part of a communist group who pound this colossal mistake. contact with African and Jamaican com- would turn our nation and its institu- Two days later I went to the Ameri- can Embassy and talked with Ambassa- dor John Hay Whitney. I told him my situation. We discussed— as two plain human beings with a problem—my best course of action. "I do not see how you can continue working for Castro, feeling as you do," he stated. "I think also you should give the world a chance to see Castro's re-

gime as it really is."

I concurred completely. I discussed the situation with a few other trusted colleagues, and made my decision.

I would resign my post. But not in

London. I would return to Havana and dare the government to take an anti- communist stand, clearly and unequiv-

ocally. And if it didn't, I would make my statement and my resignation.

To protect myself. I wrote the statement and signed it in front of the Vene- zuelan and Ecuadorian Ambassadors to Great Britain. Both also signed it as witnesses. In this statement, I set forth certain conditions that had to be fulfilled or I would resign not only my post as Am-

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 bassador but also all other posts in the the Salvadorian consul—who drove me "Mein Kampf." He learned well a fa- Cuban government. through the gates in his own personal vorite passage from that book: "The

My basic condition was, that the car— I reached the Argentine Embassy masses of the people prefer the ruler to

Cuban government must answer one safely. There I requested and was given the suppliant and are filled with a strong- simple question: Was it or was it not political asylum. er sense of mental security by a teach- allowing itself to be used as a tool of The Castro regime at that time still ing that brooks no rival than by a teach- " the world tyranny called communism? honored this international convention. ing that offers them a liberal choice

If it was not, then let it say so in a Fidel later tossed it aside and seized by public statement to the international force any who sought to escape Cuba's THEY ARE ALIKE, thesc two. Alike in press agencies of all the world. Other- new brand of justice. their illegitimate birth, their paranoid wise, I would resign becau.se I could not For 65 days I remained at bay inside hatreds, their limitless lust for power, serve a communist government. that embassy. I began to be a thorn in their hysterical rages, their Messianic I was aware that there was personal the side of Castro's new order. Every- complexes. Like Hitler at his early danger in my plan and I moved with one knew I was there. Fidel did not Putsch trial, Castro, at the trial follow- careful consideration of every step. I dare send his agents in to seize me. ing his Santiago failure, cried out in had five copies of my letter. I gave four Hitler's very words, "Condemn me! His- of them to the Venezuelan and Ecuado- tory will acquit me!" rian Ambassadors, to be forwarded to The peril of Fidel Castro, backed by the British Foreign Office, the interna- Soviet armed might, is fully as danger- tional press agencies, the Organization ous to the world today as that of Adolf of American States and the United Na- Hitler 30 years past. tions. The original I carried with me. This is what the world must realize I left my wife and child in London. today. It cannot afford a second mistake. Through friends, my mother was One cannot despair. One cannot sur- brought safely out of Cuba back to render. Living in West Germany today,

Caracas. I see freedom reborn and thriving in the I flew back from London to Havana land once held captive by Hitler. It can for the showdown. also happen again in Cuba. I have dedi- On arriving, I imn-iediately got in cated my life and efforts to that purpose. touch with the highest three Cuban offi- I was one of those who took part in cials—Cuban President Osvaldo Dorti- the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion. That cos Torrado, Foreign Minister Raul Roa gallant effort failed. and Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs But we will keep on, we will never

Carlos Olivares Sanchez, presently Am- give up until our Cuba is free again. bassador to Russia. And Castro lives in fear. His prisons At the offices of Raul Roa I showed are filling up with former friends. Men them my statement. I also explained who saved his life— like Captain Yanez about the other copies, who had them Pelletier, who refused to put poison in and to whom they would be sent if any- "That should give us enough deposit money to Castro's food— are now in prison; men thing happened to me. go to the movies." who made the victory possible rot in Dorticos shrugged and told me, "Go THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE dungeons, solely because they will not back to your hotel and wait. Ambassa- embrace communism. dor. We will get in touch with you about Eventually they gave me a safe conduct Out of the evil Castro does to our all this." out. I had $2 in my pocket the day I left people today he lays the foundation for —every cent they allowed me to take. their freedom—and for his own down-

RETURNED TO the Havana Hilton and I fall—tomorrow. His name is already I flew to Caracas where I had friends almost at once received a phone call —and my mother. From there, under the written on the wall, as an assassin of from someone in the Minister's office. protocol of my safe conduct, I went on free men, as a traitor to his country. "Get out at once," I was told. "There to Argentina. Then to the United States But one sees the full depth of a man's is an order for your arrest. It is a mat- and on to London. Seeing my wife and evil sometimes not in his great but in ter of minutes. Your life will be forfeit." child again was one of the most stirring his more obscure crimes. Within minutes, I was out of the moments I can recall. After the Fidelist victory, one of hotel. I had no time to take anything. I For me— all the pieces of the puzzle Castro's good friends. Dr. Humberto ducked up side streets to the house of a of evil were in place. Sori Marin, his former Minister of Agri- friend. From there, under cover of night, I saw clearly that Castro not only culture, was in prison in Havana, con- I was hustled to other houses in the city. had betrayed and dishonored the na- demned to die against the wall for anti- For the next 48 hours I lived in a melo- tional movement that brought him to communist activity. His mother ap- drama of flight from Fidel's secret power, but he had become a threat to pealed to Castro personally to save him. agents. the security of the world. Castro told her, "I will save him if you I was like an animal, crawling, scud- When he said that he would only ne- can convince him to tell us the names ding through the shadows of my own gotiate with the Americans the day he of his associates." city, hiding in hallways and basements sits in the White House, he meant it. The mother pleaded with her son, and behind packing crates on the docks, Does it sound like a wild, insane boast? but he remained firm in his refusal to living like a hunted murderer, to avoid It is. But so were Hitler's sayings. All reveal the names of friends who would arrest and certain execution before to- of my studies in West Germany con- themselves be doomed. morrow morning's firing squad. vince me that these two men, their lives, Castro not only permitted the execu-

For two days and nights I lived this their courses, their ambitions are iden- tion to take place, he instructed the fir- fugitive life, shuttling from one hiding tical. ing squad to shoot first at the lower legs place to another, one secret group of Castro is not only a reader of com- of this longtime friend—so that he friends to another, one apartment to munist literature, but is also an admir- would have to bend his knees before he another, until at last, with the help of er of der fuehrer and a student of died. THE END

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 49 . (mm

THE STAKE IN VIETNAM DRIVE ON ORGANIZED CRIME PEOPLE AND QUOTES: HUNGER "Hunger makes smaller men As the war in South Vietnam ebbs and flows , and the death of people with bigger poten- toll of Aaericans slowly rises , a recurring question nags tial." S. R. Krishnaswamy, Washington. . .Why is the United States in Vietnam. .. on the secretary-general. World Food other side of the world, in a land bordering the Congress. South China Sea? To the U.S. Government, the strategic importance of JUVENILE DISCIPLINE "... I would not be for cor- South Vietnam is plain . . .The loss of this strip of land, poral punishment in the school, controlling the mouth of the Mekong River, would place all but I would be for a very strong of Southeast Asia in mortal danger... But there are larger discipline at home so we don't reasons why the defense of South Vietnam is vital to us place an unfair burden on our and the free world... We cannot be indifferent to the fate teachers." President John F. of 14,000,000 people who have fought hard against communism Kennedy. for nearly ten years, says Secretary of State Dean Rusk. BUREAUCRACY After the reds grabbed North Vietnam from the French in "Somehow the best inten- 1954, few expected faction-riddled, poverty-stricken, tions of dedicated and hard refugee-flooded South Vietnam to survive more than several working civil servants are un- dermined by a departmental months in the face of communist pressure ... but , under the attitude that steadfastly main- much-criticized President Diem, it did survive .. .Five tains: 'We can do no wrong.'" years ago. President Eisenhower decided to help South Senator Abraham Ribicoff, Vietnam and sent economic aid, a military training mission, Democrat, Connecticut, former and weapons ... Two years ago, when the reds in the North HEW administrator. ordered an all-out drive to "liberate" South Vietnam, NEW LAXITY President Kennedy responded promptly to a call for ". . . scientists are too well increased assistance. liked ... As a result there is a Our role in South Vietnam is limited but essential .. .We tendency toward complacency provide technical, logistical, training, and advisory and scientists are no longer as critical of each other or as in- assistance .. .with some 12,000 officers and men who are tolerant of shoddy work as they "among . . our f inest" .Ten other nations are helping in one once were." Dr. Philip H. Abel- way or another ... The enemy is well organized, determined son, director, Carnegie Geo- and elusive, and the war is expected to last a long time... physical Laboratory. but the Administration feels there is a good basis, THE FAIR SEX despite disappointments and setbacks, for encouragement "In our country's history, the . . .The official United States position is that we cannot and laws made b\' men have tradi- will not abandon a brave people to those who are out to tionally regarded women as the bury us and every other free nation of the world. weaker sex. But in our country today, no man who makes the laws lives under any such illu- Justice Department is coordinating the work of 26 U.S. sion." Vice President Lyndon inve s tigative drive agencies as part of the all-out against B. Johnson. organized criae . . .The last Congress passed three new laws Gl to help enforcement of f icers . . . This legislative assist THE UNSUNG permitted the FBI to initiate more than 5,000 gambling "...at home the achievements of the American Soldier are cases. . Gambling is the source of enormous profits which often ignored or perhaps taken support other forms of racketeering, according to Attorney for granted . . . We laud the General Robert F. Kennedy ... The coordinated drive has American Scholar, the Amer- resulted in centralizing information on more than 1100 ican Businessman, the Amer-

ican Scientist . . . but it rarely racketeering f igures . . . The Attorney General is pleased occurs to us to boast of the with the progress ... conviction involving 138 racketeers American Soldier." General ...but feels that the federal crusade has several years to Maxwell D. Taylor, chairman, go if it is to have any lasting effect against organized crime. Joint Chiefs of Staff.

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 AMERICA'S PART-TIME TREE FARMERS (Continued from page 19)

from his tree farm have gone into con- seeding for today's crop. Only wish I'd time in selective harvesting and improv- struction or remodeling of churches in had the foresight then to get some back- ing my land by setting new trees in the the Prices Fork Lutheran Parish of ing and buy up large acreages. There's old fields," he says. "There is consider-

which PofT is pastor. money in it." able income from my cuttings and my

Ten acres of open land have been land is improved every year." POFF WAS BORN OH a small hill farm planted with white pine seedlings. Seed- "I'm just a young squirt over 70 and in Floyd County and followed in the lings to plant the ten acres were pur- have three boys, all career men in the footsteps of his father, who was known chased from the Virginia Division of U.S. Army and Air Force like their dad. throughout the western Virginia moun- Forestry at $6.50 per thousand. Prior to They're just as interested in forestry as tain region as a fine woodworker. As a this, Poff transplanted some 10,000 tiny I am and chances are that when they small boy, Emzy, as he was called, trees from his own woods with about come out of the service, they will bene-

helped his father with repairs around two-thirds survival. fit by what the old man did." the farm. Later, he worked on local con- "It took about 80 man hours to plant Robert H. Lawton of Athol, Mass., struction jobs and became proficient in the 10,000 trees we dug up," Poff said. who retired from the New England Tele-

carpentry, and stone and brick masonry. "This does not take into consideration phone & Telegraph Co. in 1954, is the

While Emzy was still a youngster, his the time it took to dig them up and proud owner of a 740-acre tree farm. In father bought, for $1,400, an abandoned transport them to the open field. It's not 1958, Lawton was awarded a certificate farm with 48 acres of tillable land which practical to transplant seedlings from of appreciation by the Massachusetts had seeded into white pine "brush" from the woods. The total expense comes to Forest Industries Committee.

the scattered trees that were around it. about twice as much as it does for plant- A retired Detroit police officer, Ed When Emzy's father died, his holdings ing seedlings from a forestry agency." Kozelski, of Manistee, Mich., started were divided among his heirs, who had Poff's program calls for acquisition of his 57-acre tree farm in Grant Town- a choice of taking either money or an a small sawmill to cut thinnings from the ship, Mich., in 1948, as a recreational equal share in land. The future minister tree farm. Crop trees will be pruned to investment. He started planting trees chose the latter. improve the quality of the growth. Rec- and before long had covered 40 acres "That was probably one of the best ords will be kept on all income, expense, with six different species. "Tree farming

decisions I ever made," said PofT. "Tree and labor. is a wonderful retirement plan," says farming may take time, but it is a profit- A tree farmer who's an example of Kozelski. "Winters we spend in fruit able venture once the trees start paying successful planning for retirement to orchards in Florida and summers up

off." He should know— for at present he trees is C. A. Jacob, Jr. of Scarsdale, here. There's always plenty of time left is reaping a harvest from 24 acres of 50- N. Y. Mr. Jacob is a 69-year-old man over from planting, shearing and prun- year-old trees on his 48-acre tree farm. who retired seven years ago from the ing trees, so that fishing, and duck hunt- Income is $337 per acre. piano manufacturing business in New ing aren't neglected." Poflf's interest in tree farming dates York City. He started preparing for his back to 1940 when he inherited the farm. retirement more than 40 years ago by AN INTERESTING Texas tree farm is that Through some faulty advice, he clear- planting trees — more than 50,000 of of Bob F. Pinkston, publisher of The cut a small area. "After seeing that de- them — over a score of years. Today, Champion, the weekly newspaper at plorable sight," he recalls, "I knew that Jacob can look back with pride on the Center, Tex. He guides the destinies of couldn't be good forest management and development of his 778-acre tree farm the paper and of his pine timberland a stopped cutting." on the shores of Loon Lake, near Ches- few miles away, from behind the stub of Of Poff's acres, 24 are in eastern white tertown, N. Y. Although Jacob's tree an ever-present cigar. He insists that the pine is his personal stock market. pine, seven in cull hardwood that has farm is several hundred miles from his own either been cut out or poisoned and has permanent home, he spends almost half "Actually, that's probably not a good is into tree comparison at all," explains the publish- reseeded. (Poison injected a the year there and also visits it at other to kill it so that it does not shade out times during the year. er. "I think that in this tree farm I've got lot than stock, and suppress the young pine trees.) A Besides deriving great personal satis- something a better even ten-acre field is set out in white pine, faction from his tree farm, Jacob feels if you don't consider anything other than dollars and cents-which is the only and seven acres remain in pasture and it's "a darn good investment." It virtu- way to look at it if you're doing it for homesite. To date, he has selectively ally takes care of itself, Jacob declares, thinned approximately 100 trees per with planned timber harvests over the an investment. And I am. acre on one-third of the total stand. years paying the taxes and with enough "You can go to a stockbroker right purchase a share stock for On one eight-acre plot, he cut 872 left over to supplement his retirement now and of trees. Most of the timber that remains income. something like $175, and next year you'll get in dividends. In interest, standing is now worth $440 per acre. "There's nothing to compare with the $9 simple that's about According to the minister-farmer, the thrill of owning a piece of forest land 5%. "In Texas the going rate for total harvest since 1943 has amounted of your own," he says. "It's been won- pulpwood to 185,000 board feet of logs sawed into derful planting the trees and watching is $4 a cord and some of my better lands the are growing two cords an acre a year lumber. Six cuts have been made on them grow. I did some work but I didn't farm—one the clearcut operation men- baby them too much, because trees don't now. That means they are already piling nearly as in growth dividends tioned before, one the removal of over- need a lot of attention. The Lord did up much as mature "seed trees," two small salvage the rest." for me that stock would— and they've operations, one thinning, and one small only started. Before I turn my tree farm cut for pine fence posts. RETIRED army officer in his seven- over to my three sons, it's all going to A be "Before my father purchased the ties, Capt. William E. Dolan of $9-a-year acreage." farm," Poff said, "this entire stretch of Solon, Maine, has made a 125-acre tree Pinkston speaks convincingly about land was covered with corn, with the ex- farm of old abandoned farms he pur- advantages of tree farming: "I believe ception of a few big native eastern white chased in Maine's Kennebec Valley. I've gotten in on the ground floor of a pines that later supplied the natural "I enjoy the work and spend my spare good thing," he declares.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 51 He first became interested in tree itself was built from timber grown and expanding paper industry. And while we farming after seeing the results of in- milled on the farm. Other leftovers are make better use of ours, we have only tensive management in Germany during used as firewood. The Madisons and 7% compared to the Soviet bloc's 26% World War II. He bought his first prop- their daughter Sheila, 13, would not of the world's forest area. erty — a 20-acre tract with a lake and trade life on their tree farm for anything. lodge — for recreational purposes shortly Sales of timber from their woodlots TREES, OF COURSE, mean more than after his discharge from service in 1945. brought farmers $187 million in 1959. money to many people. They have He now owns seven tracts with 890 As of February, 1963, American Forest been a favorite subject of poets. Joyce acres of wooded area, 110 acres of Products Industries, Inc., had 25,126 Kilmer, who was killed in action in World which he has planted or has had planted. farms with 60,459,876 acres in 48 states War I, is best remembered for the line During the past two years he has planted in its inspected and certified tree farm "only God can make a tree," in his poem 102,000 shortleaf and loblolly pine seed- program, and expects to add about 2,800 "Trees." Pearl Buck, a Nobel Prize win- lings. The harvest will be used to send more tree farms with over 3,000,000 ner in Literature, spent much of her life his three sons to college. additional acres by the end of 1963. in barren parts of China. Since return- There are, of course, some hazards in ing to America, she has become a tree TEXAS has many other spare time tree tree farming. Forest fires are fewer and farmer and is enthusiastic on the subject. farmers. And in this state, as else- "On my tree farms in Vermont and where, nearly every profession is repre- Pennsylvania," she writes, "I walk sented in spare time tree farming. In through the woods on rainy days and Cherokee County, Judge J. W. Chandler revel in the water soaking slowly into of Jacksonville has 45 acres in trees; and the earth through a deep mulch of leaves not far away Miss Lila Williamson, a and pine needles and moss. Trees con- beauty shop operator of Wells, has 29 serve water, and water is essential to our acres. J. D. Furrh, an Elysian Fields life, a fluid of priceless value. lawyer, has had a 3 20-acre tree farm in "And I never cease to treasure the

Harrison County for 14 years. R. T. luxury of log fires in my house. I am not Huebner, a rural mail carrier, has four burning up~ valuable trees. I burn the acres in trees in Leon County. surplus, the fallen logs, the trees that are

Alabama, which leads in land devoted not fit for marketing. I have such an to tree farms with 6.251,735 acres, has abundance of firewood that my evenings many spare time entrepreneurs. Albert at home are bright with warmth and

Shaw of Gorgas, a steam generator light and comfort. While I sit by the fire, operator for the Alabama Power Co., I remember my Chinese neighbors and bought 40 acres in 1955 and has been I wish that I could share with them the buying ever since. He now owns 1,100 benefits of trees. I hear that they are acres of woodlands. A. W. Martin, a planting trees now on the bare flanks of

Brewton restaurant owner, has 15 acres the mountains. I hope it is so. Last year of trees two miles north of that town. when I visited Korea, some of the moun-

Fred N. Bruister of Butler, who has "On such a beautiful morning, I almost feel tains there were being planted to trees. bi-partisan." been tax collector of Choctaw County, Japan, of course, has long known the owns a 270-acre tree farm east of Mt. THE AMERIC AN LEGION MAGAZINE value of trees. There, when a tree is cut,

Sterling. another is planted.

John Madison, who served 26 months smaller each year, but still some careless "Yes, I value my forests. They provide in the Army and saw action in New smoker may flick a lighted match into good timber for sale, and wood for my Guinea, quit his job as an auto mechanic your little woodlot. Despite new chemi- home fires. They conserve water. They to become a tree farmer. He and his cals to deal with them, a wide variety of make productive use of my marginal wife, Veronica, used their savings to buy insects and maladies can kill or damage land. They shelter wild animals, deer a 240-acre timber tract near Trout Lake, trees. And the mill down the road that and bear, pheasants and rabbits and Wash., in the shadow of Mount Adams. is eager to buy any kind of logs today many other beasts and birds. And they There he has carried the "do-it-yourself" may not be there a few years hence are places of beauty, where wild flowers idea about as far as it can go. when your seedlings mature. Still, the surprise me at every season. I think of The Madison's tract had been logged odds today favor the tree farmer, espe- a spot where, each year, the blue gen- but was amply stocked with timber, cially if he has a favorable location and tians grow. I think of it in moments of about half ponderosa pine and the rest outdoor skills. sadness, or of loneliness, and my soul fir and larch. Madison grew all the tim- The nation's peak lumber production revives." the end * * * ber for a modern new frame home, har- was back in 1909 when mills turned out vested the trees, sawed them into lumber 44 billion board feet. Since then the use Additional information on tree farm- in his own one-man sawmill and buiU of lumber has declined but the consump- ing and the names and addresses of state the house! His father-in-law, who lives tion of pulpwood has soared and hun- and local organizations can be obtained with him, hand-split cedar bolts to make dreds of new wood products have been free from American Forest Products In- shingles for the roof. Some furniture for developed. The spread of cities, build- dustries, Inc., 1816 N St. NW, Wash- the new house also came from the tree ing of highways and establishment of ington, D. C, 20006. farm via Madison's workbench. parks has reduced commercially avail- A 1962 Department of Agriculture Madison found that he could harvest able timber, while science and a grow- publication. Farmer's Bulletin No. 2187, some 50,000 board feet annually with- ing population have greatly increased the "Managing the Family Forest" by Gor- out exceeding the volume of timber demand for it. Some 5,000 products don G. Mark and Robert S. Dimmick grown each year. Thus his management worth $23 billion a year come from our of the Forest Service, is available at 20 is on a sustained yield basis. He makes forests. Demand for these products, cents from the Superintendent of Docu- maximum use of each tree cut. Wood especially newsprint and other forms of ments, Government Printing Office, shavings from his planer go into the oow paper, has soared sky-high in recent Washington, D. C, 20025. barn for bedding material. The barn years, but has been met by a rapidly THE END

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S-T-R-E-T-C-H On furniture covers. One size DING! A DRAMATIC boot in rich, soft glove big fits any sofa or chair. Miracle knit upholstery leather. Ties in the back through metal MORE BRILLIANT than DIAMONDS says Reader's Di- fabric, washable, no iron, durable, lint free. eyelets. Your choice of cither black or brown, gest, SatEvePost about this new, man-made Mix or match colors. State beigi, Krey, gold, sizes 5M;-13, medium width, only §15.95. jewel Titania! For settings of your choice only green, wine, turquoise. Sofa cover 87.98 ppd., Write lor free catalog of other international .S12 per carat; a 1-ct man's box 14K ring is only $35; m'lady's 1-ct fishtail a mere $27. All prices chair cover .53.98 ppd. SPENCER GIFTS, favorites. ELEGANZA IMPORTS, 3043 plus 10<~„ tax. Write for FREE HANDY RING Dept. E, Spencer Building, Atlantic City, N.J. Freight Street, Brockton, Mass. SIZE CHART & 4« PAGE FULL COLOR JEWELRY CATALOG. pidary Company Dept. AL-bH 511 E.\ST 12 STREET • NEW YORK 9. N. Y- U.S. GOV'T SURPLUS WORLD'S LARGEST SURPLUS CATALOG WITH PICTURES AND PRICES OF MORE THAN 400 ITEMS YOU CAN ORDER DIRECT BY MAIL AT ONLY parachutes guns walkie-talkies clothing combat knives ammunition gun racks cots trunks mine detectors bugles 30 DAY FREE HOME TRIAL COUPON holsters SURPLUS BARGAINS—DEP'T.AL- 10 boots P. O. Box 50939 tents FREE! FREE! FREE! New Orleans 50, Louisiana tools SEPARATE 48 CATALOG with complete PAGE I enclose $1.98. Send both catalogs immediately. saddles details on how you can buy surplus direct from I understand that my money will be refunded if the Government at ridiculously low surplus prices. boats I am not completely satisfied. Also I will receive Examples: a full refund with my first order of $10.00 or silverware Jt>p>—$27<.00 licyclt—$5.50 Typ*wrl«tr—ti.7t Ttleicopa—$4.00 more. goggles •ooti—$171.00 ll>friqhis catalog also lists more than a thousand Address hand & leg irons lotaiions throughout the U. S. where you can City .State and hundreds more examine thousands of different Gov't. Surplus items and purchase them right on the spot! FULL PURCHASE PRICE OF $1.98 REFUNDED WITH FIRST ORDER OF $10.00 OR MORE

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 53 BUY REAL a DIAMONDS ^'J THIS NEW WAY! (I»s%«srSHOPPER% m\MM 1 . \ M SAVE 1/3 TO 1/2!

The Talk of the Country - You can now buy diamond jewelry by mail direct from one of America's KEEP CESSPOOL TROUBLE Well Known Diamond Cutters. Anv ring mailed direct for FREE 10 DAYS INSPECTION without AWAY Uri^^ any payment, if references given. Even appraise it at our risk. Send for FREE 72 Page Catalog. Over 5,000 styles $50 to $100,000 EMPIRE DIAMOND CORP., DEPT. L-9 Empire State BIdg., New York 1, N. Y. NAME ADDRESS RUPTURE-EASER SEPnC TANK TROUBLES? - Reactivator YOUR COAT OF ARMS reproduced in relief (APIper Brace Truss) ® keep.s septic tank and cesspool clean, prevents and full color on handsome oak wall shield. overHow, back-up, odors, saves costly pump- When ordering, state surname and original ing or digging. Just mix dry powder in water, domicile, if known. Money refunded if Arms flush. Non-poisonous, non-caustic, 6 mos. cannot be traced. 7" x 6" $9.00 ppd., larger Double... 5.95 supply (23 ozs.) $2.95 ppd. Northel, Dept. sizes up to $40.00. YORK INSIGNIA LTD., AL-10, Box 1103, Minneapolis 40, Minn. AL-IO, Albany Hall, York, England. Right or left No Dept. Side Fitting $495 Required

A strong, form-fitting washable support lor reducible Inguinal heinia. Back lacing adjustable. Snaps up in front. Adjustable leg strap. Soft, fiat groin pad. No steel or leather bands. Unexcelled for comfort. Also used as after operation support. For men, women, children. Mail orders give measure around the lowest part ot the abdomen and state risht, left aide or double. Enclose 23c Postage. PIPER BRACE CO. 811 Wyandotte Degt. AL-103 Kansas City 5, MO.

Attention Electric Shaver Owners CLOSER SHAVES

TWICE AS FAST RESTYLE OLD FURS into a chic stole or EYEGLASSES KEEP SLIPPING? Eliminate Your electric shaver now works cape with shining beauty. Cleaning, glazing, annoyance of constantly pushing them up. on alternating current (AC). PARKS SHAVER JET electronically con- new lining, interlining plus monogram, only Ear-Loks, soft elastic tabs, keep glasses snug- verts AC to direct current (DC). $22.95 complete. Special bonus: smart Peter fitting, ts^o more fidgeting with sliding glasses. For the first time, your shaver Pan collar from left-over fur. Write for FREE For men, women and children. 59(' a pair, runs on full power. It's like using style brochure. GALAXY FUR CO., Dept. 2 pairs $1.00. DORSAY PRODUCTS, Dept. ethyl gas in your car. Shaving be- AL-IO, 236 West 27th St., New York I, N.Y. A-3, 200 W. 57th Street, New York 19, N.Y. comes easier and faster! Old or new, any AC/DC shaver outper- forms itself. Uie with: NORELCO - REMINSTON - SCHICK- SUNBEAM

Parks Shaver Booster (Standard Model). .$5.95 Prrlecl Parks Shaver Jet (New Model) $6.95 Gill At shaver dealers or send Chech or money order to 7421 Woodrew Wilson Drive Hollywood 46, California — Dept. G STOP STOOPING' with amazing, new * Shoulder Brace Corrects posture instantly, comfortably. Provides «ven distributed support for sagging shoulders. Im- proves appearance, gives you a wonderful new feeling of confidence. No fit AN IMPORTED RING OF DISTINCTION of STEP ting. Made of highest quality ventilated-for-comfort LING SILVER, Made by Silver Craftsmen of Old 3-ply cushioned material. Arm bands softly padded. Mexico. Only $7 50 eacti, any style. Witfi heavy FORMEN AND WOMEN.Can't 14 kt. gold overlay on initials, just $2.00 extra. be detected under light clothing. If ring size is not given with order, we'll make Give measurement around chest. in an adjustable size that fits any finger. Send Rush reply today. Big value collection, historic Canadian Only $4.95. Sent postpaid except check or Money Order* to: Commemorative Stamps given FREE! Choice, scarce stamps on COD's. Money-back guarantee F. H. GREGORY Cia. if returned postpaid in 30 days. issued over the years. Many large size, multi-colorsincluding DESP. 218 Mexico D.F., Mexico PIPER BRACE CO., DEPT. AL-IOSH REFORMA 95, 1, those shown PLUS other colorful, historic issues. All genu- *U.S. Mailing address: P.O. Box 1628, McAllen, Texas 811 Wyandotte, K.C. 5, Mo. ine, all different. Rush name, address for this free offer and other stamps on approval. Include 10c for handling. WILLIAMS STAMP CO .Dept OALC ,St. Stephen,N,B,,Canada 20 SHAVES & MORE From Famous Double Edge STAINLESS STEEL BLADES 10 FOR Bonus Money-Back Guar- antee. If you don't get ttie best shave you've Slip -On Magnifiers -$2.98 ever had, return 9 blades, we'll refund your money PLUS 25(r additional. SWORD SHARP EDGES. Get Having trouble seeing fine print and close wori

For rates, write American Legion Classified 720 Fifth Avenue. New York 19, N.Y.

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES MISCELLANEOUS MEN — EARN $6.44 HOUR CASH. No selling. SAVE EYESIGHT-Needles already threaded with No equipment necessary. No prior experience 48' colorless nylon thread to match most any required. Car furnished. Business expenses color. Two packages 50i;; four, $1.00 with extra package FREE. R. U. Company, P.O. Box 569, paid. Fill urgent need for Accident Investiga- tion specialist your area. Operate from home- Chicago 60690. full time or during spare hours. All facts Free. AUTO safety phrase bumper stickers. Only 25i Universal CA-10, 6801 Hillcrest, Dallas 5, Texas. each, to SAF-T-CAR CO.. Box 347, Bloomfleld, DOGGY MUG is a playful table pet, enter- New Jersey. MAILORDER BUSINESS - Raising fish- tains children with a mealtime show. Winks HOME worms and crickets. Free Literature. Carter DOG TAGS $1. Military-Style-Personal Message— muj; is lifted! — his eye and barks every time Gardens, Plains. Geo rgia. 80 letters and spaces-Refundable. STADRI Made of colorful, play-resistant ceramic witli Whitestone 57, New York. easy grip handle. Giant 10-oz. capacity. 3 FOR WOMEN LOANS BY MAIL mugs, $2.79 ppd.; each Sl.OO ppd. SPENCER MAKE $25-$50 WEEKLY clipping newspaper GIFTS, Dept. E, Spencer Buildhii:, Atlantic BORROW $100 to $1000 by Mail. Quick, Easy, items for publishers. Some clippings worth City, N. Private. No Co-Signers. Repay in 24 small J. $5.00 each. Particulars free. National 81, monthly payments. For the amount you want Knickerbocker Station. New York City. write today to Dial Finance Co.. 410 Kilpatrick EARN $50.00 FAST, easy, sewing Aprons, spare, BIdg., Dept. 10-012, Omaha 2, Nebraska. full Excellent opportunity to build steady time. BORROW $1,000 AIRMAIL! Repay $44.82 for Loganville extra income. Details free. Redikuts, twenty-nine months. State licensed. Postal 22, Wisconsin. Finance, Dept. 22-F, Kansas City 1. Kansas. $100 WEEKLY POSSIBLE. Compile mailing lists MUSIC-SONGWRITERS and address envelopes for advertisers. Home- spare time. Particulars free. National Service. SONGPOEMS AND SONGS WANTED! Mail to: 81, Knickerbocker Station. New York City. Tin Pan Alley, Inc., Box 405. Radio City Station. New York 19. N. Y. HELP WANTED POEMS NEEDED for songs. Rush poems. Crown INVESTIGATE FIRES, STORM DAMAGE, ACCI- Music. 49-AM West 32. New York 1. DENTS FOR INSURANCE COMPANIES-Pays up ORGANIZATION-FUND RAISING to $1,000 a month, part or full time. No college necessary. Car furnished; expenses paid. We YOUR CHURCH OR GROUP can raise $50.00 train you at home in spare time. Keep present and more, easy and fast. Have 10 members sell 50i; packages my lovely TOP SECRET exclusive formula gives natu- job until ready to switch. Pick your location. each only twenty Full information FREE. cheery Christmas Carol Table Napkins. Keep ral looking color to grey or faded hair. Easy Men badly needed now. Write Liberty School, Dept. C-179. 1139 W. Park, $50 for your treasury. No money needed. Free to use, no mixing, applied like a "tonic". Not Libertyville, Illinois. Samples. Anna Wade. Dept. 33HW Lynchburg, a rinse or dye; will not streak or injure hair; Va. will not wash out. fSS.OO for 6 oz. plastic con- SALESMEN WANTED CANADIAN LAND tainer; king size 13 oz. $9.00 ppd. ALBIN OF CALIFORNIA, Rni 104-6IP, 3100 Van- SENSATIONAL NEW longer-burning Light Bulb. CANADIAN VACATION LANDS: Full price Amazing Free Replacement Guarantee — never owen St., Burlumk, Calif. $385.00. 40 acres. $10 month. Suitable cottage again buy light bulbs. No competition. Multi- sites, hunting, fishing, investment. Free infor- million dollar market yours alone. Make small mation. Land Corporation. 3768-F Bathurst, fortune even spare time. Incredibly quick sales. Downsview. Ontario, Canada. Free sales kit. Merlite (Bulb Div.), 114 E. 32nd. Dept. C-74M, New York 16. TOBACCO MAKE BIG MONEY taking orders for Stark AMERICAN INDIAN TOBACCO - High quality - DWARF Fruit Trees. Everybody can now grow original Indian formula, 3-type sampler $1.40. Giant Size Apples, Peaches. Pears in their Kinni-Kinnick (A) Meriden, Conn. yards. Also Shade Trees. Shrubs, Vines. Roses, SCHOOLS & INSTRUCTION etc. Outfit FREE. Stark Bro's, Desk 30104 Louisiana, Missouri. COMPLETE YOUR HIGH SCHOOL at home in spare time with 66-year-old school. Texts fur- U.S. GOVERNMENT SURPLUS nished. No classes. Diploma. Information book- JEEPS $64.50, airplanes $75.20, boats $6.18. let free. American School, Dept. X72, Drexel at Many others direct from U.S. Government. For 58th, Chicago 37, Illinois. complete "Directory" send $1.00 to Quality ELECTRONICS RADIO TELEVISION. Learn at Surplus, Box 23, Dept. BIO, Greensburg, home. Get catalog free. National Radio Insti- Pennsylvania. tute, Dept. 3KM8, Washington 16, D.C.

GET INTO IMPORT BUSINESS at home - FISHING & HUNTING INVENTIONS WANTED men and women can build up a profitable Collapsible FARM-POND-FISH-TRAPS; Animal INVENTIONS wanted; patented, unpatented. home import-export businiss. Free book Traps. POSTPAID. SHAWNEE. 3924K Buena Global Marketing Service. 2420-L 77th, Oakland "How to Import & Exi^ort," re\eals how you Vista, Dallas 4, Texas. 5. California. can buy bargains abroad for 400% profit sales to friends, stores, mail order. MEL- LINGER, Dept. K-30A, 1554 S. Sepulveda POWERFUL NEW INVENTION, ONLY Blvd., Los Angeles 25, Calif. SHOOTS THRU 100 PAGES-THIS BOOK!

'BB SHOT MAKE THIS TEST . . . Always tiave cash when you need your Shot' and fire apainst this magazine. Load 'BB It! Personal BORROWBY-MAIL Notice that it drives BB's through more than 100 plan provides cash lor any reasoni pages. Though only 2" long x I" in diameter, this ... on your signature only. Private, power and accuracy. endorsers. no| $14.76 pocket-size device has amazing entirely by mail. No t120 S 7.0S it for targets, pests and hunting. Scientifically personal interviews Terms to lit MONTHLY Use UH SI 4.76 designed for high power, operating ease and safety, your budget. Small payments, REPAYS SJ5.91 rnrri Get the 'BB Shot' now-we'll include an 24 months to repay. Fast service] MSO S3«.14 rnCL! extra Velocity Cone and FREE Target, everywhere. State supervised $250 envelope No| SI 000 S53.1J BB's and Automatic BB Dispenser ... all for only Details sent in plain obligation. Inquire now. $1.98 ppd. 3 for $5.00 ppd. Money Back Guarantee. -'so' Not sold to N. Y. C. residents or minors. WORLD FINANCE CO. Dept. PW-143 I GRAYSON PROD., Dept. E-63 210 Fifth Ave., N, Y, 10 620 Symes BIdg., Denver 2, Colo. KUhll j lU'.PL^. Get, tliLs .spool acular l'Hi:iO onllocUon Name_ of 100 dlflerent stamp.s — new Issues, now oountries I Pictorials, Name., commemorallvcs. mulli-oolors — from the I Address- I world over. Get new issues shown ri,U.S oolorful Green- AddreBE*. j City land, Thailand, Singapore. Maldive. many others SUte., I weird animals, stranso hlrds. norce naiivos. Send today I^ty^. GUARANTEE • Age ^Occupation, tot this valuable 1' K1';1'; colli^ctlon. other stamp offers lOr approval. Enclose ID* handling. I

GARCELONSTAMPCO., Uept. Al.o X , Calal9, Maine

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 55 "

NEW DEFINITION Dieter: abdominal no-man. H. E. Mastz PARTING VISITING HOUR The patient in 516 Is peacefully pounding her ear When guests arrive on the scene, Bearing gifts and words of cheer. SHOTS They puff on a black cigar. They jiggle the bed. They shriek: "The kids just smashed your car. Joan died right here, last week." The patient twitches and glowers. The guests leave, feeling dandy, And the nurses take out the flowers And the nurses eat the candy. Ethel Jacobson TOO TRUE As you grow older you don't have to avoid temptation, temptation avoids you. Jack Herbert

BIG GOVERNMENT

There is free cheese in every trap. But note well, if you please, No one has seen one happy mouse. Which ever ate that cheese. Gail Brook Burket COY TOY There's a beatnik doll on the market. You wind it up and it doesn't work. Philip Thomas

'Stop annoying Sue. or I'll beat you within one ten-thousandth THATTL BE THE 'LL OF IT of an inch of your life!" Who'll be wondering "Where'll we go. And what'll we do, vacation?"

Well, I'll bet I'll and you'll — and so Will the rest of the population. And who'll come back with a lack of jack All spent on a lavish scale? Who'll? Why, You'll and I'll and We'll WAY OUT TALE And He'll and She'll A nine-year-old boy, who had been told the facts of life by his mother And (this means everyone) They'll! and father, was talking with another youngster one day and their topic DiRCK PoORE of conversation turned to where babies came from. "Well," said the informed youngster, "I know where babies come ADVICE TO THE LADIES way for a girl to whip up a boy's from. My folks told me. Your father and mother send a radio message One interest is to give him a good eye-lashing. to God and put in their order for cither a baby girl or a baby boy, then Cliff Uhlig God puts the baby in a rocket ship and they have a count-down and then the rocket ship blasts off and travels to the earth. It lands in a hospital and that's where your mother goes to get the baby." "Is that really the way your folks told you?" asked his little friend. "Not exactly," admitted the first boy. "But if I told it their way, you'd

never believe it! Dan Bennett

SPLIT LEVEL MORTGAGE Mr. Lawson, at his wife's insistence, had purchased a home on a hilltop in a very exclusive section of the community. "Gosh," said a friend, "I'll bet there's quite a view from 'way up there." "Yeah," was Mr. Lawson's grim reply. "On a clear day you can see the bank that holds the mortgage." F. G. Kernan

REQUEST DENIED The newly commissioned ensign had just been married and was anxious to spend as many weekends as possible with his young bride before the Navy sent him on maneuvers. Pleading with his skipper for a weekend pass, he pointed out all the reasons why the Navy should grant his

request, emphasizing that it would be utterly unfair to his wife if he wasn't given a leave. The skipper listened patiently, then snorted: "Listen, young fellow, if the Navy wanted you to have a wife, they 'They follow it up to the boat, laughing would have issued you one." themselves sick — then you reach out and Emil Berger net 'em."

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1963 Here's how The Great Entertainer captures an audience^

When a whiskey tastes as good as 7 Crown and Seven-Up. friends 7 Crown it makes more On the table is the Whiskey Sour. in the world. than any other Hquor On the right is the flavor secret — It also makes more kinds of drinks. of all good whiskey drinks (Versatility, too, is the mark of 7 Crown itself (on the rocks). a Great Entertainer.) These are just a few 7 Crown pleasures Four 7 Crown specialties are in view. to serve your friends. Meanwhile, On the left, the Manhattan highball. stage a private preview. You'll become

Next to it is that national institution, a fan of The Great Entertainer. Say Seagram's and be Sure

"MANHATTAN HIGHBALL: Q PARTS 7 CROWN, 1 PART VERMOUTH iSWEET OR HALF-DRY/HALF-SWEET): POUR OVER ICE. SODA TO FILL. FILL. WHISKEY SOUR: % OZ, LEMON JUICE, IV2 OZS 7 CROWN, 1 TSP. SUGAR, SHAKE WITH CRACKED ICE. 7 CROWN & SEVEN-UP: 1V2 OZS 7 CROWN OVER ICE. ADD SEVEN-UP TO

SEAGRAM DISTILLERS COMPANY. NEW YORK CITY. BLENDED WHISKEY. 86 PROOF. 65 '?, GRAIN NEUTRAL SPIRITS. -

That's Winston ... America's favorite filter cigarette because it's America's best tasting filter cigarette! For flavor you can count on every time, why don't you change to... Winston!

PURE WHITE, MODERN FILTER

PLUS FILTER- BLEND UP FRONT

WSimstoe teles g(Q)(Q)dl