Project if funded by EUROPEAN UNION INTERPRETATIVE TRAIL IN KARADAG NATURE RESERVE

GENERAL INFORMATION GEOLOGICAL DIVERSITY Karadag is a unique geological object, The reserve was a zone of volcanic the only ancient extinct volcano in activity in the Jurassic period - 120- Europe, which has kept the traces of 150 million years ago. Near the both the eruption and subsequent volcanic formations (ridges Karagaсh, weathering processes that created the Khoba-Tepe, Magnetic, Kok-Kaya, amazing natural complex. This is one Holy Mountain) there are remains of of the centers of biodiversity in the ancient reef formations (ridges and , the habitat of Syuryu-Kaya, mountains Balaly-Kaya many rare, endangered and and Legener). The rock-island Golden precinctive species of animals and Gates is the symbol of Karadag. plants.

Rhinolophus Iphiclides podalirius Capreolus capreolus Darevskia lindholmi Carabus tauricus hipposideros

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY HISTORICAL HERITAGE In a relatively small area of the The sea trade route between reserve (2874 ha) 2800 species of Europe and Asia has past plants and more than 5300 species through the rocky coast on of animals have been found. Marine Karadag. Crataegus pojarkovae flora and fauna amount up to 1500 On and around Karadag there species. are 43 small sites from the early 80 species of plants are listed in the Paleolithic period belonging to Red Data Book of Ukraine; among the Stone Age. 53 of precinctive plants there are 3 During the underwater species which dwell only in Karadag investigations of the bottom of – Crataegus pojarkova, Eremurus Gulf numerous Pistacia atlantica jungei, Anthemis tranzscheliana. fragments of medieval amphorae Among the species diversity there were identified. are many valuable and rare species Nearby Karadag there was a listed in the Red Data Book of Scythian and Taurus harbor. In Ukraine (80 species of plants, 130 the early Middle Ages retinues of species of animals), in European Novgorod Prince Bravlin were in Red List, Red List of International these lands. In the XIII-XIV Union of Conservation of Nature centuries caravans of Russian Asphodeline taurica (IUCN), in lost of Bern Convention, merchants moved forward. in the Convention on International Having looted and burnt Surozh Trade in Endangered Species of (Sudak) and Cafu () the Wild Fauna and Flora CITES. Nogai Horde visited these places Aquatic-cliff complex of Karadag in 1289. was added to the list of wetlands of international importance (Ramsar wetlands) in 2004. branch of Limonium platyphyllum Ukrainian Environmental Academy of Science