DOCSLIB.ORG

Communicating and Expanding Visual Culture from Analog to Digital

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

#59 Master pgs 22-55v2 2/27/02 1:18 PM Page 31 “Home Video” For The 21st Century Communicating And Expanding Visual Culture From Analog To Digital V ICTOR C OMPANY O F J APAN, LTD. Introduction In the 21st century, not only will TV TV broadcasts, the D-VHS format itself can broadcasts go digital, but a wide variety of work with standards other than MPEG. So JVC (Victor Company of Japan, Ltd.) information will be transmitted as digital sig- even if some other broadcast scheme is invented VHS in 1976. The history of home nals, and a household appliance that can adopted in the future, D-VHS will be able to video started then. By the end of 2002, record and store such information will accommodate it while maintaining compati- close to 900 million VHS video units would become necessary. bility with VHS. have been shipped worldwide (JVC esti- Also, it should be noted that among the D-VHS is a new proposal for household mates), with the software recorded using various types of storage media, tape media digital recorders in the 21st century. these VCRs comprising a gargantuan offers important advantages by way of its amount. high-storage capacity and superior cost- Characteristics Of Over 25 years have passed since its performance. D-VHS introduction, and now the environment in D-VHS, which enables digital recorders which VHS exists is changing profoundly. to take advantage of the high-capacity Bit Stream Recording Representative of this is the digitization of characteristics of tape, was developed as a One of D-VHS’s characteristics is that it TV broadcasts. In Japan, terrestrial broad- format based on the VHS standard. D-VHS utilizes bit stream recording, which is a casts will begin in 2003. Digital terrestrial allows the continuation and advancement of method of recording inputted signals, such broadcasts have already started in the the legacy created by VHS, and will not as those of digital broadcasts, on a tape United States and the United Kingdom impose a burden on manufacturers nor con- directly as digital bit stream data. No special along with digital satellite broadcasts. sumers. This is because of the enormous VHS, which has continually evolved and cultural value of accumulated VHS images progressed along with changes in broad- was given high priority in the development casting, will be required to meet the needs of D-VHS. of digital broadcasts while securing the To that, D-VHS adds the potential of visual link to the past. Moreover, with digital meeting the needs of future digital broad- broadcasting, various types of digital data casts. Although originally developed to can be transmitted in addition to images accommodate the MPEG signals of digital and sound. A solution for recording all types of digitally broadcast information in their original digital form, with the ability to play back the enormous number of analog VHS recordings, is D-VHS®. D-VHS makes possi- ble a smooth transition from analog to digi- Evolution And Growth Of VHS tal, and is the next-generation home video JVC introduced the VHS format in 1976. Since then, the VHS-C compact cassette developed for format that enables the household visual use in compact and lightweight camcorders was culture created in the 20th century to be introduced in 1982; Hi-Fi VHS, which provided passed on to the 21st century. high quality stereo sound, was introduced in 1983; and Super-VHS, which achieved a higher level of User-Friendliness And picture quality, was introduced in 1987. In the Flexibility 1990s, Digital Audio was introduced to accommo- date the satellite broadcasts that began then, and MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) in 1992 W-VHS was introduced to record Hi-Vision D-VHS was developed in order to meet An encoding method used in storage media such broadcasts. Then, in 1997, D-VHS was developed the recording requirements of digital broad- as optical discs and tapes, as well as communica- to meet the requirements of digital broadcasts. casts while ensuring that the existing VHS tion media including broadcasts and telecommuni- Although VHS has grown and evolved in many video images that have been accumulated cations. Data volume is reduced through compres- ways along with the TV broadcasts, which com- sion technology. Video CDs utilize MPEG-1 where- prise VHS’s recording source, compatibility has thus far will remain accessible and will not as DVD and digital broadcasts use MPEG-2 to always been maintained with the basic VHS for- become obsolete. attain higher picture quality. mat’s recording and playback. Page 1/5 WIDESCREEN REVIEW • ISSUE 59 51 #59 Master pgs 22-55v2 2/27/02 1:18 PM Page 32 processing or digital conversion (encoding) takes place, and the inputted digital signal is simply recorded onto tape in the D-VHS format. This is what is called bit stream recording. During playback, the same digital signal is routed through a set-top box (STB) or within the VCR which converts the signal into analog video and audio signals that can be reproduced on a TV, etc. Depending on the STB or unit, the signals may be output in digital form. Since bit stream recording itself does not include analog-to-digital conversion (encod- ing) or digital-to-analog conversion (decod- ing), the circuitry can be simplified to allow a reduction in cost. The maximum transfer/recording rate is 28.2 Mbps. Data recording capacity is 50 GB (using DF-480 cassette). This means that even if a 23 Mbps digital HD broadcast is sent along with 5 Mbps data in a sub car- rier, four hours of HD recording is possible. Or if the signal is 2 Mbps (level equivalent to Video CD), then 49 hours of recording will be possible per cassette. Achieving these capabilities will be dependent on the design Speed data rate) and LS (Low Speed data without retooling, large-scale distribution of the actual unit (product). rate) modes, which can be selected accord- can be done at reasonable cost. With the STD (Standard) mode at its ing to the quality or needs of a particular D-VHS tape is a high-performance ferric- base, the D-VHS format offers three record- broadcast. oxide tape developed on the basis of Super ing modes that also include HS (High Aside from manually selecting the VHS tape technology. On the cassette, there recording mode, in the future when picture is a D-VHS logo which signifies that quality quality information is included in the broad- level required for D-VHS guaranteed per- cast signal, auto selection will be possible. formance. A D-VHS cassette also has the ID Also, EPG-based programming and other holes on the bottom of the cassette. These benefits associated with digital broadcasts ID holes are used for the purpose of cas- will be incorporated. D-VHS adopts IEEE sette discrimination by D-VHS recorders. 1394 as the digital interface (also referred to as FireWire® or iLink® with DTCP being the D-VHS Mechanism terminology used for the interface incorpo- rating copy protection technology). So con- The D-VHS mechanism, which consti- nection to a TV or STB will be as easy as tutes the heart of a video deck, is essential- connecting an IEEE 1394 cable. ly the same as that of VHS video. A 62 mm diameter drum rotates at 1800 rpm. D-VHS Tape The difference is in the heads; for D- STB (Set-Top Box) VHS, heads with a narrower head gap for Equipment that receives digital TV broadcasts and The shape and dimensions of a D-VHS digital recording are used. And since the converts them to analog signals so that MPEG digital signals can be viewed on a TV. Also called cassette are identical to those of a VHS cas- recording track width is changed, the tape “digital TV adapter” or “digital tuner.” As digital sette. No special processes such as metal speed is also changed accordingly. broadcasts increase, they are likely to be incorpo- evaporation are used for this videotape, The recording track width is 29 microns, rated into TV sets and peripherals including VCRs. instead opting to utilize the ferric-oxide which is half the 58 microns used for VHS magnetic particles which have a proven Mbps (Megabits Per Second) track record and cost advantages. Ferric- M (Mega) denotes a value of one million. “bps” oxide magnetic particles have already stands for the number of “bits per second.” 1 Mbps means 1,000,000 bits per second. proven their reliability through VHS and Super VHS, and basically the same Super GB VHS manufacturing facilities can be used G (Giga) denotes a value of one billion. B stands for D-VHS. Since the mass-production facili- for Byte, which is equivalent to 8 bits. ties of tape manufacturers can be used EPG (Electronic Program Guide) Ferric-Oxide Magnetic Particles A TV program guide that is transmitted along with Magnetic particles such as gamma ferric-oxide a TV broadcast. EPG programming will allow auto- which offer stable characteristics. In Super VHS matic recording of a program by selecting it on and D-VHS tapes, ferric-oxide with maximized per- the EPG. formance is used. 52 WIDESCREEN REVIEW • ISSUE 59 Page 2/5 #59 Master pgs 22-55v2 2/27/02 1:19 PM Page 33 SP mode. The tape speed differs depend- medium. D-VHS is ideal for use as a house- accordance with the desired resolution level ing on the recording mode. (See D-VHS hold data storage media. or processing speed, the norm for digital Specifications) broadcasts and DVD applications is Head azimuth is 30 degrees, which is the DVD And D-VHS MainProfile@MainLevel, which has a maxi- same as the Hi-Fi VHS audio head.
Recommended publications
  • L|Lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll USOO5499148A United States Patent 1191 [11] Patent Number: 5,499,148 Kubota Et Al

    L|Lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll USOO5499148A United States Patent 1191 [11] Patent Number: 5,499,148 Kubota Et Al

    HllllIlllllll|||llllllllllllllll|l|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll USOO5499148A United States Patent 1191 [11] Patent Number: 5,499,148 Kubota et al. > [45] Date of Patent: Mar. 12, 1996 [54] DIGITAL VIDEO TAPE REPRODUCING 4,963,961 10/1990 Honjo .................................... .. 358/310 APPARATUS COMPATIBLE WITH TAPES 5,136,437 8/1992 Tabuchi et al. 360/341 X HAVING A TRACK WIDTH DIFFERENT 5,148,331 9/1992 Kasluda et a1. .................... .. 360/77.15 FWRIgg/IHA ROTARY MAGNETIC HEAD FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 0026320 4/1981 European Pat. Off. ........ .. G11B 5/02 [75] Inventors: Yukio Kubota; Keiji Kanota, both of European :3 ------ -- 611B 5/588 uropean . Kanagawa’ Japan 146387 11/1981 Japan .................................. .. 360/331 [73] Assignee: Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan 3-8173 1/1991 Japan ' Primary Examiner—Andrew L. Sniezek [21] APP]_ NO_; 966,540 igttrémgy, Aigem‘, or Firm-William S. Frommer; Alvin 1n er ran 22 F1 d: 0 t. 23 1992 [ 1 16 c ’ [57] ABSTRACT [ 30 ] F orelgn' A pp 1'‘ca t'Ion Pr’10“ 't y Data In a digital video tape recording and/0r reproducing appa Oct. 30, 1991 [JP] Japan .................................. .. 3-310156 rams including a pair of rotary magnetic heads having a 6 predetermined head width and gaps with mutually different [2;] {In """""""""""" azimuth angles which helically scan a magnetic tape as the [ 1 _' ' ' """"""" " ' ’ ’ ' tape is advanced'in order to reproduce digital video signals [58] F ‘e 1d 0 f S care h """"""""""""""" " 360/73 ' 06 ’ 73 ' 12 j that have been previously- az1muth-recorded- 1n- oblique- 360/7301’ 27’ 32’ NH’ 33‘1’ 10'2_10'3’ tracks on the tape, there is a tape transport that can transport 358/335’ 310 the tape either at a standard speed or at a non-standard speed.
  • Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling a Guide for Libraries and Archives

    Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling a Guide for Libraries and Archives

    Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling Guide Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling A Guide for Libraries and Archives June 1995 The Commission on Preservation and Access is a private, nonprofit organization acting on behalf of the nation’s libraries, archives, and universities to develop and encourage collaborative strategies for preserving and providing access to the accumulated human record. Additional copies are available for $10.00 from the Commission on Preservation and Access, 1400 16th St., NW, Ste. 740, Washington, DC 20036-2217. Orders must be prepaid, with checks in U.S. funds made payable to “The Commission on Preservation and Access.” This paper has been submitted to the ERIC Clearinghouse on Information Resources. The paper in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials ANSI Z39.48-1992. ISBN 1-887334-40-8 No part of this publication may be reproduced or transcribed in any form without permission of the publisher. Requests for reproduction for noncommercial purposes, including educational advancement, private study, or research will be granted. Full credit must be given to the author, the Commission on Preservation and Access, and the National Media Laboratory. Sale or use for profit of any part of this document is prohibited by law. Page i Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling Guide Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling A Guide for Libraries and Archives by Dr. John W. C. Van Bogart Principal Investigator, Media Stability Studies National Media Laboratory Published by The Commission on Preservation and Access 1400 16th Street, NW, Suite 740 Washington, DC 20036-2217 and National Media Laboratory Building 235-1N-17 St.
  • Strategic Maneuvering and Mass-Market Dynamics: the Triumph of VHS Over Beta

    Strategic Maneuvering and Mass-Market Dynamics: the Triumph of VHS Over Beta

    Strategic Maneuvering and Mass-Market Dynamics: The Triumph of VHS Over Beta Michael A. Cusumano, Yiorgos Mylonadis, and Richard S. Rosenbloom Draft: March 25, 1991 WP# BPS-3266-91 ABSTRACT This article deals with the diffusion and standardization rivalry between two similar but incompatible formats for home VCRs (video- cassette recorders): the Betamax, introduced in 1975 by the Sony Corporation, and the VHS (Video Home System), introduced in 1976 by the Victor Company of Japan (Japan Victor or JVC) and then supported by JVC's parent company, Matsushita Electric, as well as the majority of other distributors in Japan, the United States, and Europe. Despite being first to the home market with a viable product, accounting for the majority of VCR production during 1975-1977, and enjoying steadily increasing sales until 1985, the Beta format fell behind theVHS in market share during 1978 and declined thereafter. By the end of the 1980s, Sony and its partners had ceased producing Beta models. This study analyzes the key events and actions that make up the history of this rivalry while examining the context -- a mass consumer market with a dynamic standardization process subject to "bandwagon" effects that took years to unfold and were largely shaped by the strategic maneuvering of the VHS producers. INTRODUCTION The emergence of a new large-scale industry (or segment of one) poses daunting strategic challenges to innovators and potential entrants alike. Long-term competitive positions may be shaped by the initial moves made by rivals, especially in the development of markets subject to standardization contests and dynamic "bandwagon" effects among users or within channels of distribution.
  • Historical Development of Magnetic Recording and Tape Recorder 3 Masanori Kimizuka

    Historical Development of Magnetic Recording and Tape Recorder 3 Masanori Kimizuka

    Historical Development of Magnetic Recording and Tape Recorder 3 Masanori Kimizuka ■ Abstract The history of sound recording started with the "Phonograph," the machine invented by Thomas Edison in the USA in 1877. Following that invention, Oberlin Smith, an American engineer, announced his idea for magnetic recording in 1888. Ten years later, Valdemar Poulsen, a Danish telephone engineer, invented the world's frst magnetic recorder, called the "Telegraphone," in 1898. The Telegraphone used thin metal wire as the recording material. Though wire recorders like the Telegraphone did not become popular, research on magnetic recording continued all over the world, and a new type of recorder that used tape coated with magnetic powder instead of metal wire as the recording material was invented in the 1920's. The real archetype of the modern tape recorder, the "Magnetophone," which was developed in Germany in the mid-1930's, was based on this recorder.After World War II, the USA conducted extensive research on the technology of the requisitioned Magnetophone and subsequently developed a modern professional tape recorder. Since the functionality of this tape recorder was superior to that of the conventional disc recorder, several broadcast stations immediately introduced new machines to their radio broadcasting operations. The tape recorder was soon introduced to the consumer market also, which led to a very rapid increase in the number of machines produced. In Japan, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, which eventually changed its name to Sony, started investigating magnetic recording technology after the end of the war and soon developed their original magnetic tape and recorder. In 1950 they released the frst Japanese tape recorder.
  • Magnetic Recording: Analog Tape

    Magnetic Recording: Analog Tape

    Magnetic Recording: Analog Tape Until recently, there was one dominant way of recording sounds so that they could be reproduced at a later time or in a different location: analog magnetic recording (of course, there were mechanical methods like phonograph records, but they could not be recorded easily). In fact, magnetic recording techniques are still the most common way of recording signals, but the encoding method is digital. Magnetic recording relies on the imposition of a magnetic field, derived from an electrical signal, on a magnetically susceptible medium that becomes magnetized. The magnetic medium employed in analog recording is magnetic tape: a thin plastic ribbon with randomly oriented microscopic magnetic particles glued to the surface. The record head magnetic field alters the magnetic polarization (not the physical orientation) of the tiny particles so that they align their magnetic domains with the imposed field: the stronger the imposed field, the more particles align their orientations with the field, until all of the particles are magnetized. The retained pattern of magnetization stores the representation of the signal. When the magnetized medium is moved past a read head, an electrical signal is produced by induction. Unfortunately, the process is inherently very non-linear, so the resulting playback signal is different from the original signal. Much of the circuitry employed in an analog tape recorder is necessary to undo the distortion introduced by the non-linear physics of the system. Figure 1: In a record head, magnetic flux flows through low-reluctance pathway in the tape’s magnetic coating layer. Magnetic tape Magnetic tape used for audio recording consists of a plastic ribbon onto which a layer of magnetic material is glued.
  • Digital Audio and Compact Disc Technology Second Edition Edited by Luc Baert, Luc Theunissen and Guido Vergult, Sony Service Centre (Europe)

    Digital Audio and Compact Disc Technology Second Edition Edited by Luc Baert, Luc Theunissen and Guido Vergult, Sony Service Centre (Europe)

    Digital Audio and Compact Disc Technology Second edition Edited by Luc Baert, Luc Theunissen and Guido Vergult, Sony Service Centre (Europe) NEWNES Newnes An imprint of Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP *1§* PART OF REED INTERNATIONAL BOOKS OXFORD LONDON BOSTON MUNICH NEW DELHI SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO TORONTO WELLINGTON First published 1988 Second edition 1992 © Sony Service Centre (Europe) NV 1988, 1992 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1P 9HE. Applications for the copyright holder's written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publishers British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Digital Audio and Compact Disc Technology. - 2Rev. ed I. Baert, Luc 621.38932 ISBN 0 7506 0614 2 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Thomson Litho Ltd, East Kilbride, Scotland Preface The past century has witnessed a number of inventions and developments which have made music regularly accessible to more people than ever before. Not the least of these were the inventions of the conventional analog phono- graph and the development of broadcast radio. Both have undergone successive changes or improvements, from the 78 rpm disc to the 33V3 rpm disc, and from the AM system to the FM stereo system.
  • The Art of Sound Reproduction the Art of Sound Reproduction

    The Art of Sound Reproduction the Art of Sound Reproduction

    The Art of Sound Reproduction The Art of Sound Reproduction John Watkinson Focal Press An imprint of Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd 225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041 Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP A member of the Reed Elsevier plc group OXFORD JOHANNESBURG BOSTON MELBOURNE NEW DELHI SINGAPORE First published 1998 John Watkinson 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1P 9HE. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publishers British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 0 240 51512 9 Typeset by Laser Words, Madras, India Printed and bound in Great Britain Contents Preface xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 A short history 1 1.2 Types of reproduction 8 1.3 Sound systems 12 1.4 Portable consumer equipment 14 1.5 Fixed consumer equipment 14 1.6 High-end hi-fi 16 1.7 Public address
  • Panasonic AG-MD835 Brochure

    Panasonic AG-MD835 Brochure

    AG- S-VHS Hi-Fi Video Cassette Recorder (NTSC) Higher Level of Image Quality for Demanding Medical Applications Panasonic's AG-MD835 is designed to meet increasing need for high quality video & audio recording/playback in the field of medicine. Advanced features like built-in TBC, DNR and 3-D Y/C Separation circuitry help achieve the exceptional picture quality required for precise image analysis. And the sturdy mechanism ensures stable and reliable operation even under tough conditions. This product is classified by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. as to medical electrical equipement with respect to electric shock, fire and mechanical hazards only in accordance with UL 2601-1. Control number 76KA. AG- S-VHS Hi-Fi Video Cassette Recorder (NTSC) Built-in Digital TBC IQ Mechanism Optional Accessories The digital TBC (time base corrector) within the The 5 direct drive motor system maintains • AG-IA823: RS-232C Interface Board AG-MD835 eliminates even small amounts of stable tape transport, the key to high picture • AG-IA34: 34-Pin Interface Board jitter, skew, head impact error, and color quality, while the Twin Projection Cylinder • AG-A600E: Wired Remote Control blurring. Its precise time base correction helps ensures optimum tape-to-head contact. • VW-RM1: Pause Remote Control maintain high picture quality that satisfies the A reduced number of parts and simplified strict requirements of medical applications. circuit wiring contribute to high reliability. Specifications ■ GENERAL 3-Dimensional Digital Noise Reduction Compact Design and Low Power Power Source: 120 V AC ±10%, 50/60 Hz (DNR) Consumption Power Consumption: Approx. 35 W Operating Temperature: +41˚F to +104˚F (+5˚C to +40˚C) The AG-MD835's built-in DNR processes Y and 5 The compact design (10 /8" in width) allows Operating Humidity: 35% – 80% C signals separately to boost S/N ratio, thereby installation flexibility and easy incorporation Weight: 15 lbs.
  • Design Considerations of the Video Compression System of the New DV Camcorder Standard

    Design Considerations of the Video Compression System of the New DV Camcorder Standard

    Design considerations of the video compression system of the new DV camcorder standard Citation for published version (APA): With, de, P. H. N., & Rijckaert, A. M. A. (1997). Design considerations of the video compression system of the new DV camcorder standard. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 43(4), 1160-1179. https://doi.org/10.1109/30.642384 DOI: 10.1109/30.642384 Document status and date: Published: 01/01/1997 Document Version: Publisher’s PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.
  • LI 004 454 Video Recording: Its Application to Information

    LI 004 454 Video Recording: Its Application to Information

    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 081 446 LI 004 454 AUTHOR Turner, I. TITLE Video Recording: Its Application to Information Retrieval. INSTITUTION Institution of Electrical Engineers, London (England). REPORT NO INSPEC-R-73-14 PUB DATE Sep 72 NOTE 59p.;(45 references) AVAILABLE FROM INSPEC, The Institution of Electrical Engineers, Savoy Place, London WC2R OBL, England (pound 1.75) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Cable Television; Indexing; Information Dissemination; Information Networks; *Information Retrieval; *Information Storage; *Video Equipment; *Video Tape Recordings ABSTRACT A video system appears to have considerable potential as a means of disseminating visual information via a suitable interconnection network. In addition, modern video recording offers low cost, high capacity storage so that information could be stored in a convenient, easily retrieved form. The limiting factor to the usefulness of such a system is its resolution. Since an information system needs to display text, the textual resolution of a video system is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally and the results compared. The techniques for recording video signals are outlined and the problems involved in storing information in single pictures is discussed. The cost of video storage is analyzed and the figures compared with other storage techniques. Video tape has a slightly higher cost per single frame than microform techniques. Methods of indexing the information and of controlling a video system are outlined and the nature of a video network is described. The applications of a video system to information retrieval are discussed. The resolution capability of currently available equipment represents a fairly severe limitation to the design of an information retrieval system using video techniques.
  • The Video Tape Recording of Ultrasonic Test Information

    The Video Tape Recording of Ultrasonic Test Information

    SK-189 . THE VIDEO TAPE RECORDING OF ULTRASONIC TEST INFORMATION This document has been approved for public release and sale; its distribution is unlimited. r- !., ,.,. SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE —. ,-- —-—.——-. .-: -. ..... — .. _ —“— — .—. _ .. .— SHIP STRUCTURE COMIWTTEE /AEMBER AGENCIES: ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE TO: UNITED STATES COAST GUARD SECRETARY NAVAL SHIP SYSTEMS COMMAND SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE MILITARY SEA TRANSPORTATION sERVICE U.S. COAST OUARD HEADQUARTERS MARITIME ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D.C. 2069! AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING October 1968 Dear Sir: The increasing use of ultrasonic in )ection for quality control of ship welding has prompted the Ship jtructure Committee to seek methods of recording the results of t is testing for sub- sequent review and analysis. No such method ~s been available heretofore. The enclosed report l% Video Ta z Reeo~dhg of Ul- tmaonie Test Information by R. A. Youshaw, H. Dyer and E. L. Criscuolo describes the development of a firs generation method for recording the ultrasonic test information on magnetic tape. Suggestions are made for further development ) make the system more useful in shipyards. This report is being distributed :0 individuals and groups associated with or interested in th work of the Ship Structure Committee. Comments concerning th ; report are solic- i ted. Sincerely y IM,ld-% D. B. Hende ion Rear Admira , U. S. Coast Guard Chairman, S ip Structure Committee I -. .— .———. ,... —— !— SSC-189 Final Report on Project 176 “Quality Assurance” to the Ship Structure Committee THE VIDEO TAPE RECORDING OF ULTRASONIC TEST INFORMATION by Robert A. Youshaw, Charles H. Dyer and Edward L. Criscuolo United States Naval Ordnance Laboratory under Department of the Navy Naval Ship Engineering Center Project Order No, PO-6-0039 U.
  • Format Characteristics and Preservation Problems Version 1.0

    Format Characteristics and Preservation Problems Version 1.0

    FACET The Field Audio Collection Evaluation Tool Format Characteristics and Preservation Problems Version 1.0 By Mike Casey Associate Director for Recording Services Archives of Traditional Music Indiana University [email protected] Copyright 2007, Trustees of Indiana University All or part of this document may be photo- copied and/or distributed for noncommercial use without written permission provided that appropriate credit is given to both FACET and the author. This publication was created with support from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions, or recom- mendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Format Characteristics and Preservation Problems Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS FACET 1 Introduction........................................................................................1 2 Open Reel Tape..................................................................................3 2.1 Introduction.....................................................................................3 2.2 Format Characteristics......................................................................3 2.2.1 Tape Base......................................................................................3 2.2.2 Tape Thickness...............................................................................9 2.2.3 Age..............................................................................................12 2.2.4 Major Manufacturers and Off-Brands............................................13