The Parrot Your ARC Newsletter by and for ESL, Multicultural, International Students, New Californians, And, Well, Anybody Really

The Parrot Your ARC newsletter by and for ESL, multicultural, international students, new Californians, and, well, anybody really...

Issue #35 Fall 2009 A Chat with Loren Pancho, Native American Student

Parrot: Lets start. So you are Native ways as their culture. I embrace American! that because you feel comfortable respecting other people and get- Pancho: Yes. ting that same respect back.

Parrot: Where did you grow up? Parrot: So, you are proud to be a Native American. Pancho: I grew up in Susanville, California. My name is Loren Pan- Pancho: Yes, I’m proud to be a Na- Never go to cho. tive American. bed mad.

Parrot: Have you Parrot: So, No- Stay up and always embraced vember is Native fight! your heritage? American Month. Phyllis Diller Why is it impor- Pancho: Yes, my tant to celebrate tribe is Paiute, Native American originally from Month? Pyramiel Nevada and, I embrace Pancho: I feel my culture, my it’s important so heritage by … in that way other American River College don’t know how to cultures, other races can look at... 4700 College Oak Drive explain it, you know, but I like my understand Native Americans, the Sacramento, CA 95841 traditions like our dancing and our Native American lifestyle, instead (916) 484-8011 food and just the way our tradition of looking at history or what others is. We acknowledge other people like the government says about Na- Inside this Issue and other races as people in gen- tive Americans in a good way or a eral, not as how they are, you know, bad way. But, to put it out there so Fairytale in 2 color or anything like that. We get that we all walk in balance. a Backyard along as a culture with other people better. Parrot: I heard that American Na- tive traditions are passed from gen- Peace Corps 3 Parrot: And you want to continue eration to generation. Do you think your culture… that in this modern world those tra- Famous Native Americans 6-10 ditions are being lost? Pancho: Yes, continue to share with other people, with other races, so Granny Noetal 9 that way we are all in balance with each other, respect each other, re- continued on pages 23 and 24 spect each other’s beliefs or other Parrot Warbling 14 2 Student Chirpings Fairytale in a Backyard

Have you ever been in a walk, my “central road”. It was the most. country from a children’s story- around the whole backyard in In the far left corner behind the book? In a country where ani- the shape of a wavy circle. It was gooseberry bushes, there was mals talk, people do little mira- big enough for one person at the a little glade. This was my own cles and fight against dragons? time and sometimes you needed castle and playground at the Well, I guess most of us have to set really low to get through. same time. It was really hard to been there at least in our imagi- And as soon as you took the first get there. I always had scratch- nation. And some places help us step you es from bushes, but was to bring our dreams to life. Those worth it. Every day there places we like the most. I was some new will always remember game going on. my own fantasy kingdom. One day I was When I was age five, a ruler of the my family moved to a new Tenth King- place. This was an dom, next – I old brick house was looking for with a fancy fairies. And the day roof and smell of dust and an- after this I just hid tiques inside. It also had a re- from everyone and ally nice backyard. The back- imagined myself to be yard was big enough to fit two Robinson Crusoe. Some- tennis courts in but what I liked times I simply lay and looked about it was there was neither at the sky, enjoying the smell of court nor swimming pool. The were lost for the outside world. flowers and singing of birds. backyard had an actual piece All of a sudden you found your- That backyard helped me of forest! Yes, yes, yes! A bunch self in the middle of a rain forest. to create my own fairytale. I loved of trees, bushes, tall grass… On both sides all kind of plants that place and still remember it. For a five-year-old kid the place - old oaks, apple trees, different Whenever I think about child- looked giant and amazing. This bushes and a lot of grass were hood, I always bring to memory was love at first sight. growing. Sometimes the plants that place and right away I feel When you went through were higher than me. I really warm and safe. It is amazing how the house, eventually you would liked to hide in them and felt like a regular backyard can bring get to an old wooden door to the Robin Hood or Indiana Jones. happiness to your life! backyard. Outside were three Although I liked all my “forest”, steps and the start of a side- there was a special place I liked Bogdan Komlyk ESLW 50 3 The Peace Corps Editor’s note: The following is the Peace Corps organization has other volunteers, who later be- text of a student speech from last shared with the world America's came his friends. He told us spring most precious resource – its about his working experience people, who collaborate with there. He also told us about his “Ask not what your coun- local community members and the living conditions and about try can do for you but what you work in areas such as educa- the living conditions of the lo- can do for your country.” These tion, youth outreach, community cals. According to Prof. Andre, are the words of John F. Ken- development, the environment, there weren’t any home com- nedy, the American President and information technology. forts that Americans are used who invented the Peace Corps. More than 200,000 Peace Corps to having. There wasn’t running What is the Peace Corps, when Volunteers have served in 140 and hot water. Besides washing did it begin, and what are its host countries, providing help his clothes outside, he also had main goals? In 1961, President to cook outside on a stone stove. Kennedy established the Peace They didn’t have a refrigera- Corps to promote world peace tor at all, but they didn’t need it and friendship. According to the since there wasn’t any electrici- Peace Corps website, The Peace ty. Mr. Andre lived in a very sim- Corps’ mission has three simple ple house made of straw with a goals: helping the people of in- small couch in the left corner, terested countries in meeting which he proudly called “Sofa.” their need for trained men and He had very simple living con- women, helping to promote a ditions; his working table wasn’t better understanding of Ameri- as comfortable as he was used cans on the part of the people to having in America. The table served, and helping to promote didn’t have drawers at all, so ev- a better understanding of the erything was on the top. Howev- people being served by Ameri- er, he had a very nice view out- cans. Before going to the Peace in many fields. They help to edu- side which he didn’t have living Corps event, which took place cate people, solve environmen- in Sacramento. For leisure, he in Raef Hall 162, I did research tal problems, and provide medi- and his colleagues played vol- on why this event might be inter- cal treatment for many diseases, leyball with a local team, which esting to attend. In this speech, I including AIDS. These people they organized by themselves. am going to share with you the who range in age from college One local custom was very dif- stories of four college profes- students to retirees represent ferent from American ways. A sors who went to four differ- the rich diversity of the Ameri- local wealthy man, who usually ent countries to serve as Peace can people Their experience was a tribe leader, had to have Corps volunteers. Thus, by the ranges in variety from teaching more than one wife. The num- end of my presentation, you will English to launching computer ber of wives he had showed how learn about the Peace Corps, its learning centers, promoting prosperous he was. If he could history, and how it affects both HIV/AIDS awareness, working afford to have more than one volunteers and the people they on soil conservation, and many wife, it meant that he had a lot serve. other areas. “Volunteers bring of money. The Peace Corps, which their skills and life experiences The second speaker, Ally- began in 1960 at the University to where they are needed the son Joye, informed us of her vol- of Michigan, is a patriotic move- most.” unteer job in Madagascar. She ment with Americans living and The first professor, Paul went there as an English teach- working in developing coun- Andre, went to Benin, West Af- er-trainer. Classes there didn’t tries. According to the Peace rica to teach English and Math. have any comfort such as air Corps website, since 1961 the He was there for two years with conditioners, but people were 4 really eager to learn English be- products that they baked or Elizabeth Specker, an ESL cause it was a language of mu- cooked at home. People who professor. She was in Roma- tual communication. Later she were richer had their own small nia teaching English in an el- and her colleagues organized restaurants at the market, so ementary school. With fellow an English Center in downtown. they could cook and sell at the Romanian English teachers, At the beginning, the build- same time. She provided a lot they worked to create an Eng- ing was a nightmare inside, but of interesting information about lish library there that was more they renovated it, making it nice her volunteer experience and equipped and had a variety and useful. It also had a small li- traditions of local people. of English books. Her experi- brary inside with some books The next speaker, who ence was totally different from and a TV for watching videos went to Vanuatu, the South Pa- that of the previous speakers. for educational purposes. Stu- cific was Prof. Andrew Halseth. She briefly lived in the capital dents also had discussions in He was there teaching math and of Romania, Bucharest, but then the library. When she arrived in science to seventh through ten lived and worked in the poor- Madagascar, she didn’t have her graders, but students were also est country, Vaslui. She told us own house yet, so she stayed in interested in studying English. about Romanian history and tra- a local teacher’s house for about The school system was very in- ditions. She talked about former three months while her house teresting there. Students usually leader Nikolai Ceausescu and was being built. Now that house went to school until the tenth his way of ruling the country. is used by other volunteers, grade, and then to move on, they She said how amazingly beauti- who call it a castle. In contrast needed to take a national exam ful Romania and the Carpathian to Paul Andre, she had running which determined the top 25% Mountains were. Yes, Romania is hot water, toilet, electricity, and of students to go to eleventh very beautiful. I was in Romania cooking stove, but no refrigera- grade because seats there were in 1987, so everything she said tor. In any case, they didn’t buy limited. The results of the test was familiar to me. She also a lot of food at once. She was were announced on the national told us about food they cooked lucky to have all these facili- radio. Students hoped that their and how much she liked it and ties. Even local people didn’t name would be selected. Those misses it. Since she is an ESL have running and hot water, so students who couldn’t pass the teacher, she can always ask Ro- they had to go and get it from exam had to go back to the vil- manian students to cook some- a town faucet, which was better lages they came from. In addi- thing for her! than water from the well. Health tion to his working experience, In conclusion, I am happy and sanitation was a really big he told us about the place, dif- to say that by doing research on issue. She did her shopping at a ferent languages, and dialects the Peace Corps, attending the local market, and she found that people were speaking there. campus event, and informing shopping experience very at- Even though the country had you with the information I got, tractive and food was very tasty many different languages, the I also learned what the Peace and fresh. It was absolutely de- official language was Bislama. Corps is. Peace Corps volun- licious. She bought fruits that Living conditions were harsh teers continue to help countless were directly from trees. She there, so at the end of their term individuals who want to build also bought meat that also was only sixteen out of 26 volunteers a better life for themselves, very delicious, from a butcher originally coming were left. He their children, and their com- who cut her a piece she was did all his laundry and dish- munities. As John Kennedy says, pointing at. A town she lived washing at the river. He didn’t “Through these I think we can in was kind of developed, so it have his own privacy at all. Even make the greatest possible dif- had some electronic shops and when he was brushing his teeth, ference.” other shops. They also had their lots of people were around him own “7/11” store which had a watching. They played football great variety of merchandise. on the beach in their spare time. Nailya Arushanova At the market, people also sold The last speaker was Dr. Speech 301 The Parrot 5 Netscape - Articles from the Web

November is Native American Heritage Month!

What started at the turn of the century as an horseback from state to state seeking approval for effort to gain a day of recognition for the significant a day to honor Indians. On December 14, 1915, he contributions the first Americans made to the es- presented the endorsements of 24 state govern- tablishment and growth of the U.S. has resulted in ments at the White House. There is no record, how- a whole month being designated for that purpose. ever, of such a national day being proclaimed. One of the very first proponents of an The first American Indian Day in a state American Indian Day was D r . was declared on the sec- Arthur C. Park- ond Saturday in er, a Seneca Indi- May 1916 by the an, who was the governor of New York. director of the Several states cel- Museum of Arts ebrate the fourth and Science in Friday in Sep- Rochester, N.Y. tember. In Illinois, He persuaded for example, legis- the Boy Scouts lators enacted such a of America to set day in 1919. Presently, aside a day for the several states have "First Americans" and designated Columbus for three years they ad- Day as Native American Day, opted such a day. In 1915, the annual but it continues to be a Congress of the American Indian Associ- day we observe without any recog- ation meeting in Lawrence, Kans., formally ap- nition as a national legal holiday. proved a plan concerning American Indian Day. It In 1990 President George H. W. Bush ap- directed its president, Rev. Sherman Coolidge, an proved a joint resolution designating November Arapaho, to call upon the country to observe such 1990 "National American Indian Heritage Month." a day. Coolidge issued a proclamation on Sept. 28, Similar proclamations, under variants on the name 1915, which declared the second Saturday of each (including "Native American Heritage Month" and May as an American Indian Day and contained the "National American Indian and Alaska Native Heri- first formal appeal for recognition of Indians as citi- tage Month") have been issued each year since zens. 1994. The year before this proclamation was issued, Red Fox James, a Blackfoot Indian, rode http://www.loc.gov/topics/nativeamericans/about/ The Parrot 6 Famous Native Americans

Before the arrival of the colonists, the Native Americans had already secured a foot-hold over the vast ex- panses of America. Initially the Native Americans were treated with an almost cursory respect as the new settlers and pilgrims were afraid, apprehensive, yet friendly and hopeful. The newcomers befriended many and made what they thought were close ties with their new brethren. But, unfortunately, it was not to last and disease coupled with the settlers’ ravenous desire to claim land as their own destroyed everything the native peoples held dear. However, most of these mistakes have since been admitted, and repa- ration has been made. Fortunately history has not forgotten the many important faces and contributions of the original Americans. In honor of the United States’ Thanksgiving, here are a number of outstanding Native Americans.

Squanto 1581 - 1622 Pontiac 1720-1769 Known in his Ottawa tongue as Assisting the Pilgrims Obwandiyag, Chief Pontiac during their first, harsh is most well known for his winter, the Patuxet, defense of the Great Lakes Tasquantum (Squanto) Region of the US from the befriended the group British Troop invasion and in order to see them occupation. In 1763, Pon- safely through to spring. tiac and 300 of his follow- In 1608, alas, Squanto ers attempted to take Fort and several others were Detroit by surprise. Eventu- kidnapped by Georgie ally the revolt rose to 900 plus Weymouth and taken Natives and they eventually took the aboard ship to England. Fort at The Battle of Bloody Run. Though histori- Though eventually earn- cally a prominent figure, many are still unsure as ing a living and learning to his real importance and to whether or not he the English language, was a mere follower rather than a leader. Increas- Squanto made his return home in 1613 aboard ingly ostracized, in 1769 he was assassinated by a John Smith’s ship only to find his tribe completely Peoria Indian in Illinois. wiped out by the plague. Sequoia 1767 - 1843 Sacajawea 1788-1812

A Shawnee leader whose name means, “Pan- Sacajawea is most well know for accompanying ther in the Sky”, Tecumseh became well Meriwether Lewis and known for taking disparate tribes folk William Clark during and maintaining hold on the land that their Corps of Discov- was rightfully theirs. In 1805, a ery of the Western Unit- religious native rebirth led ed States in 1806. She by Tenskwatawa emerged. was born in a Shoshone Tenskwatawa urged natives to tribe as Agaidika, or reject the ways of the English, “Salmon Eater” in 1788. and to stop handing over land to In February of 1805, just the United States. Opposing Tenskwatawa was after meeting Lewis and the Shawnee leader, Black Hoof who was work- Clark, Lewis assisted ing to maintain a peaceful relationship with the in the birth of her son, United States. By 1808, tensions built and com- Jean Baptiste Charbon- pelled Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh to move fur- neau. Her face now appears on the dollar coin. ther northwest and establish the village of Proph- etstown near Battle Ground, Indiana. He died in the War of 1812. The Parrot 7

Cochise 1815-1874 Geronimo 1829 - 1909

Though actually pronounced K-you Ch-Ish, this Geronimo (Chiricahua: Apache leader is second “one who yawns”; of- only to Geronimo when it ten spelled Goyathlay comes to that tribe’s his- or Goyahkla in English) torical significance. Often was a prominent Native described as having the American leader of the classical Indian frame; Chiricahua Apache who muscular, large for the defended his people time, and known to wear against the encroach- his long, black hair in a ment of the US on their traditional pony tail, Co- tribal lands for over 25 chise aided in the upris- years. While Geronimo ing to resist intrusions by said he was never actu- Mexicans and Americans in the 19th century. ally a chief, he was assuredly a military leader. As a Chiricahua Apache, this meant he was also a spiritual leader. He consistently urged raids and Sitting Bull 1831- 1890 war upon many Mexican and later U.S. groups. Geronimo eventually went on to marry 6 wives, Sitting Bull (Sioux: Tatanka Iyotake first named an Apache tradition. He staged what was to be Slon-he, or, literally, the last great Native American uprising, and slow), was a Hunkpapa eventually moved to a reservation, often given Lakota medicine man permissions to appear at fairs and schools. and holy man. He is famous in both Ameri- can and Native Ameri- Crazy Horse 1840-1877 can history mostly for his major victory at With a name in his tribe, Lakota: Thasuka Wit- the Battle of Little Big- ko, that literally means “His-Horse-is-Crazy”, horn against Custer, this Native American where his ‘premoni- was actually born with tion’ of defeating them the name: Cha-O-Ha became reality. Even meaning in Lakotan, today, his name is syn- “In the Wilderness”, onymous with Native and he was often called American culture, and Curly due to his hair. In he is considered to be the Great Sioux War one of the most famous Native Americans ever of 1876, Crazy Horse led a combined group Hiawatha of nearly 1,500 Lakota and Cheyenne in a Henry Wadworth Longfel- surprise attack against low wrote the story “The General George Crook’s force of 1,000 English Song of Hiawatha” loosely men and 300 Crow and Shoshone warriors. The based on an actual Native battle, though not substantial in terms of lives American. Though very lost, nearly prevented Crook from joining up little is known of the his- with General Custer, ensuring Custer’s subse- torical events in which Hi- quent defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn. Crazy awatha was a part, though Horse went on to oppose the US Government in he was a great peacemak- their various decisions on how to handle Indian er and spiritual guide. affairs. The Parrot 8

Will Rogers 1879-1935 Tecumseh

Born William Peen Adair Rogers, a Cherokee- A Shawnee leader whose name means, “Panther Cowboy,“Will” became in the Sky”, Tecumseh best known as an actor, a became well known Vaudvillian, a philanthro- for taking disparate pist, a social commenta- tribes folk and main- tor, a comedian, and a taining hold on the presidential candidate. land that was rightfully Known as Okalahoma’s theirs. In 1805, a re- favorite son, Rogers was ligious native rebirth born to a well respected led by Tenskwatawa Native American Terri- emerged. Tenskwa- tory family and learned tawa urged natives to to ride horses and use a reject the ways of the lasso/lariat so well that English, and to stop he was listed in the Guiness Book of World Records for handing over land to the United States. Oppos- throwing three ropes at once—one around the neck of ing Tenskwatawa was the Shawnee leader, Black a horse, another around the rider, and a third around Hoof, who was working to maintain a peaceful all four legs of the horse. He ultimately traveled around relationship with the United States. By 1808, ten- the world several times, made 71 films (50 silent and 21 sions built and compelled Tenskwatawa and Te- “talkies”), wrote more than 4,000 nationally-syndicat- cumseh to move further northwest and establish ed newspaper columns, and became a world-famous the village of Prophetstown near Battle Ground, figure. He died in a plane crash in 1935. Indiana. He died in the War of 1812.

Blackhwak Maria Tall Chief

Though not a traditional tribe chief, even after Born Elizabeth Marie Tall Chief to an Osage Na- inheriting a very important medicine bundle, tion father, she be- Black Hawk would came an eventually become more well well-known ballerina. known as a War Chief. In 1947 Maria began In his tribe’s (Sauk’s) dancing with the New tongue, his name, York City Ballet until Makataimeshekiaki- her retirement in 1965. ak, means, “Be a large Soon after she founded black hawk”. During the Chicago City Ballet the War of 1812, Black and remained it’s ar- Hawk, so name-short- tistic director for many ened by the English, became a fierce and pow- years. Since 1997 she erful opponent. First fighting on the side of the has been an adviser British, Black Hawk eventually led a band of Sauk in the Chicago dance and Fox against settlers in Illinois and Wisconsin, schools and continues to astound future dancers eventually dying in Iowa. His legend is kept alive with her always-ahead-of-her-skill abilities. by many claiming to be directly related, like Jim Thorpe. This is, however, myth. http://listverse.com/2007/11/20/top-15-most-famous-native-americans/ The Parrot 9

Charlene Teeters John Herrington

Activist, of the Spokane Nation. Teeters has been Astronaut, of the Chickasaw Nation. Herrington referred to as the "Rosa is the first Native Ameri- Parks" of the American In- can to walk in space when dians. She campaigned launched November 23, against her alma mater, the 2002 aboard the Space University of Illinois, for us- Shuttle Endeavor. Serving ing a Native American-look- as the flight engineer for ing effigy - Chief Illiniwek launch and landing, Her- - dressed in feathers and rington vowed to carry war paint, as their school the Chickasaw Nation flag mascot. Chief Illinewek with him into space. Mem- would dance to a drumbeat bers of his tribe watched at local football games, hu- the historic launch, and Herrington honored his miliating and offending Teeters and others. She Native American heritage by carrying six eagle began protesting against the Indian mascot at the feathers, a braid of sweet grass, two arrowheads, University of Illinois, then created a 1994 exhibit and his nation's flag called "It Was Only an Indian: Native American Stereotypes" which identified Native American Naomi Lang racism and stereotypes in the media and corpo- Pairs Figure Skater, of the Karuk Tribe of Califor- ration advertising. She eventually became the nia. Lang, who partners with subject of the highly acclaimed documentary, "In Russian-born Peter Tcherny- Whose Honor" of which Brenda Farnell, Professor shev, is the first Native Ameri- of Antropology from the University of Illinois said, can to participate in the Winter "It is an important piece of work, perfect for wak- Olympics. The two have coming students up to contemporary issues facing Na- peted and placed several times tive peoples today." in the U.S Nationals, and also placed 8th in the World Cham- Sherman Alexie pionships. In addition, the two are the 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003 U.S. Ice Poet/ Novelist/ Film Producer/ Screenwriter, of Dance Champions. the Coeur d’Alene/ Spokane Indian Nations. Alex- ie has published 7 books of poetry, a book of prose, a Winona Laduke short-story collection titled The Lone Ranger and Tonto Activist/ Author/ Vice President Candidate, of the Fistfight in Heaven (1993), Mississippi Band of the Anishinabeg of the white and the novels, Reservation Earth reservation located in Blues and Indian Killer (New Minnesota. LaDuke, a Harvard York Times Notable Book). graduate, works on restoring The award winning author the local land base and cul- was named by The New ture. In 1994 she was named Yorker as one of the best by Time Magazine as one of American fiction writers America's 50 most promis- under forty. In 1998 he produced the renowned, ing leaders under 40 years of award-winning film Smoke Signals, which was the age. She has authored several first Indian-produced, Indian-written, Indian-act- books, received the Reebok Human Rights Award ed, Indian directed feature film ever to be distrib- in 1988, and ran for Vice President in 2000 with uted in the U.S. Alexie’s new short story collection Ralph Nader under the Green Party ticket. is titled, “The Toughest Indian in the World.” The Parrot 10

Cory Witherill Patty Talahongva

Race Car Driver, of the Navajo Nation. Witherill Journalist and News Program Host, of the Hopi has been racing for more Nation. Patty Talahongva, than 15 years, including vice president of the Na- three seasons in the Dayton tive American Journalists Indy Lights Championship. In Association, is the first 2001 he finally debuted in the Native American to host a Indy Racing League and then national news program , the Indy 500 (placing 19 out Village America. She has of 33). The first full-blooded produced TV newscasts, Native American to run in the Indy 500, he also documentaries, and spe- holds two U.S. championships for off-road stadium cial projects for television, racing and in 2001 became the first person to be plus she writes for various national newspapers a four-time champion at the Motorcross Valvoline and magazines and contributes to the national de Montreal. His career goal is to be the first Na- radio talk show, "Native America Calling." tive American to win the Indy 500.

Notah Begay Litefoot

PGA Pro Golfer, of Navajo, San Felipe and Isleta Actor/ Rapper/ Corporation Owner, of the Cher- lineage. Begay is the first Na- okee Nation. Litefoot, consid- tive American Indian to join a ered the first commercial Native PGA Tour. He turned profes- American Rap Artist, first gained sional in 1995 and joined the notoriety after releasing the al- tour in 1999. His former team- bum, "The Money" (1992) on his mate, Tiger Woods, said Be- own Red Vinyl Records. After gay is "happy to represent the subsequent albums and touring, Native American people, and he won the Native American Mu- in some regards be a role model." When asked sic Award in 1996, 1998, and 1999. Litefoot made why he thinks there are not more professional Na- his major motion picture debut in 1995, starring in tive American athletes, he responded, "A lot of it "The Indian in the Cupboard." He then went on to is opportunity, and a lot of it is a lack of support act in several movies including "Kull, the Conquer- networks, whether it's just simple encouragement or", "Mortal Kombat, Annihilation", and "Adapta- or financial... There's not a lot of facilities. tion".

Sandra Sunrising Osawa

Film producer and director, of the Makah films such as the award-winning "Light- Indian Nation. Osawa is considered one ing the 7th Fire" and "On & Off the Res of America's premier Native American in- with Charlie hill." Her work has screened dependent film producers and directors, at numerous film festivals including Sun- known for her touching contemporary dance, as well as on television.

http://www.miigwan.com/nativeamericans3.html The Parrot 11

Interesting Facts About Native Americans

Source: Native American Shelters

• 4.1 million US residents were reported as American Indian and Alaska Native, alone or in combination with one or more races in Cen- sus 2000.

Source: American Indians: Census Facts

• The Nammys are the Native American Music Awards, similar to the Grammys, which honor Native American musicians.

Source: Native American Music

• Canyon Records' catalog includes more than • 2004 marks the 14th anniversary of celebrat- 400 traditional and contemporary recordings ing Native American Heritage Month for the by the native peoples of the United States, US. western Canada and northwest Mexico.

Source: Infoplease Source: CanyonRecords.com

• Every year, the President of the United States • Totem poles cannot be read just like a book. designates November as American Indian While it is sometimes possible to identify dif- Heritage Month. ferent animals, such as bears, ravens, eagles, it is not possible to interpret what the pole re- Source: National American Indian Heritage Month ally means without knowing the history of the proclamation pole and the family that owns it.

• The American Anthropological Association Source: Northwest Coast Totem Poles (AAA), the major professional organization for anthropologists and archaeologists working • North American Indigenous peoples held with Native peoples, passed an anti-mascot games throughout the continent thousands resolution on November 20, 1999, in Chicago. of years before European contact. Today, the North American Indigenous Games are a first Source: NativeCulture.com class sporting event as well as a showcase for cultural activities. • 28 out of the 50 US State names are Native American in origin. Source: North American Indigenous Games

Source: IndigenousPeople.org • Regularly scheduled festivals of Native Ameri- can films and videos provide opportunities to • Asking permission to take photographs is con- see new work coming out of Native American sidered good etiquette at Pow Wows. communities and to keep abreast of the social and political issues concerning Native Ameri- Source: Pow Wow Etiquette cans. • Many types of shelters were used by the na- Source: North American Media Festivals tive cultures of the Great Basin, but the most common shelters made by these cultures were conical dwellings. http://www.lvccld.org The Parrot 12

Native American FAQ

Q: What is the difference between “American Indians and French Canadians. They have devel- Indian,” “Native American,” “First Nations,” oped a unique culture from these two influences. and “indigenous people”? Which one should I The Native Americans, Metis, Inuit, and Hawai- use? ians all face similar problems for their languages and cultures, but they consider themselves distinct A: “American Indians,” “Native Americans,” and peoples. “First Nations people” are synonyms. They all refer to the same people. “Indigenous people” is a Q: What were Native American cultures like in broader term that refers to any culture that lived the past? What are they like now? in a place first. So Native Americans are all indigenous people, but not all indigenous people are A: There are hundreds of indigenous American cul- Native Americans. For example, native African cultures, from California to Maine, from the Yukon to tures are also indigenous. Argentina. These cultures can be as different from each other as Chinese culture is from French. If you Most indigenous people in the US use “American want to learn about Native American culture, the Indian,” and most indigenous people in Canada best idea is to pick a specific Native American tribe use “First Nations.” “Native Americans” or “indig- to learn about. Then, if you are very interested, you enous Americans” are frequently used to refer to can learn about a second tribe and compare their people in both countries. Some native people have societies and traditions. a preference for one term or the other, but none of them are offensive. Most Native Americans identify Q: What did Native Americans look like in the themselves primarily by their tribe (such as Chero- past? What were their clothes and hairstyles kee) anyway. like?

It’s better to avoid using “Red Indian,” for two rea- A: They didn’t all look the same. For one thing, dif- sons: first, this name originally referred to a spe- ferent tribes had different typical clothing styles. cific tribe, the Beothuks, who painted their bodies As you can imagine, Gwich’in people in Alaska and faces with red ochre. So it may cause confusion didn’t dress the same as Calusa Indians in southern if you use it to refer to all Native Americans. Second, Florida! For another thing, individual Native Ameri- the term “Red Indians” has been used by racists in can people in the same tribe often looked quite dif- the United States, so using it may hurt somebody’s ferent from each other. All their clothes were made feelings or give them the wrong impression. Please by hand, and they were usually decorated with de- do not call native people “savages,” “primitives” or signs, beadwork, and other art, so no two people in “redskins.” Those are always rude words. the tribe had the same dress.

Q: Are Inuit/Eskimos Native American? What Q: What kinds of houses did Native Americans about Hawaiians? What about the Metis? live in?

A: No. Like the Native Americans, these three A: Many different kinds. Each Native American groups are indigenous peoples of Canada and the tribe needed a type of housing that would fit their United States. However, they have unique histories lifestyle and their climate. Tribes that moved from and cultures and consider themselves distinct from place to place needed houses that were portable or Native Americans. The Inuit are polar people who easy to build, while tribes that stayed in one place live in the far north of Canada, Alaska, and Green- wanted to build houses that would last a long time. land. (The word “Eskimo” is considered rude by Tribes from cold areas needed houses that would many Inuit.) The Hawaiians are Polynesian people protect them from the weather, while tribes in warm who are considered indigenous Americans for po- areas didn’t have to worry about that. litical reasons (the Hawaiian islands are very far from the North American mainland, but were an- Q: How many Native Americans are there today? nexed by the United States). The Metis are mixed- race people whose ancestors were primarily Cree A: According to the census reports, there are about The Parrot 13

2 million Native Americans in the United States and to recruit elders to teach the youngest generation 1 million in Canada. the language before it is too late.

Q: How many Native American languages are Q: How did Native Americans get to the Ameri- there, and how many people speak them? cas?

A: There are about 150 Native American languages A: Native American tradition says that Indians were in Canada and the United States, and another 600- always here. Most of the scientific evidence sug- 700 languages in Central and South America. We gests that Indian ancestors came from Asia in pre- don’t know exactly how many languages there are historic times, either by foot over a land bridge or because not everyone agrees on which languages using ancient boats. This would have happened are unique. If two languages are similar enough that more than 20,000 years ago, and no human culture speakers can usually understand each other, they has good records of what it was doing 20,000 years are called dialects of the same language. For exam- ago, so perhaps we’re both right. ple, American English and British English are dialects. On the other hand, English and German are Q: Did Viking explorers meet the Native Ameri- different languages, because even though they are cans before Columbus did? related, an English speaker can’t necessarily understand a German speaker. However, sometimes A: Yes. There are archaeological remains of their there are borderline cases. For example, Spanish settlements in Newfoundland, and both Norse sa- and Italian speakers can often understand each gas and Indian oral history describe the encoun- other. And sometimes speakers of two dialects of ter. The Indians the Vikings met were probably the English can hardly understand each other at all (es- Beothuk, though they may also have encountered pecially when they’re talking quickly!) So although the Micmac. most linguists consider East Cree and Plains Cree to be dialects of the same Cree language, some Q: Where do Native Americans live today? people believe they should count as two languages because Cree speakers can’t always understand A: Most still live in North America, in what are now each other. So depending on how you count them, Canada and the United States. Some Indians live in there are between 750-850 indigenous languages cities and towns with Americans and Canadians of spoken in North, Central, and South America. There other races, while others live on reservations or re- are about half a million speakers of indigenous lan- serves--special villages and lands which are under guages in Canada and the US, and as many as 25 Indian jurisdiction, and therefore have some differ- million speakers in Central and South America. ent laws than the rest of the state or province. For example, on many Indian reservations, alcohol is Q: What does it mean when you say Native Amer- illegal. On some gambling is legal. The Hopi res- ican languages are endangered? ervation doesn’t follow Daylight Savings Time. Tax laws are different. Native Americans living on res- A: If children stop learning their native language, ervations/reserves are citizens of the United States the languages can die out just like endangered or Canada, obeying federal laws, voting, and serv- species. Some Native American communities are ing in the armed forces, but they are also subject to bilingual, but in most places parents have stopped tribal laws and elect tribal leadership. teaching children their native language. In the past, the United States and Canadian governments used Q: Aren’t there Native Americans in Central and to take Indian children away from non-English- South America, too? speaking homes, without their parents’ permission, and put them into boarding schools. This was ex- A: Definitely! In fact, there are many more indig- tremely traumatic for the children, so many parents enous people in Central and South America than stopped using their native languages to try and there are in Canada and the United States. protect them. This bad policy was eliminated, but now many Native Americans have grown up without their language, and it is difficult to try to learn a new http://www.native-languages.org/kidfaq.htm#1 language as an adult. Some communities are trying 14 Parrot Warbling

Grappling with Grammar When a great tree falls

And people aren’t near, Basic Question Types There are three basic types of questions: Does it make a noise 1. Yes/No questions (The answer to the question is “yes” or “no”) If no one can hear? 2. Question Word Questions (The answer to the question is “information”) And which came first, 3. Choice questions (the answer to the question is “in the question”) The hen or the egg? In this Isue of The Parrot, we will focus on Yes/No Questions. This impractical question We ask and then beg. Some wise men say It’s beyond their ken. Did anyone ever Ask the hen?

The Random House Book of Poetry for Children

Rigoberto’s Riddles Silly Vasily’s Chuckle Chamber I never was, am always to be, No one ever saw me, nor ever A french fry walks into the bar will, and says to the bartender “Hey, And yet I am the confi- dence of all, could I get a beer please?” To live and breathe on The bartender looks at him shak- this terrestrial ball. ing his head and says, “No, we What am I?

don’t serve food here.” Answer: I am tomorrow am I Answer: The Parrot 15

Trees Wordsearch Find and circle all of the trees that are hidden in the grid. The remaining letters spell a secret message -- a Greek proverb! Find the answers at www.puzzles.ca

Apple Elm Pecan Apricot Fir Plum Ash Ginkgo Pine Aspen Golden rain Poplar Arborvitae Hazelnut Redbud Bald Cypress Hemlock Rubber Tree Beech Hickory Sequoia Birch Larch Spruce Boxwood Linden Sycamore Buckeye London Plane Tulip tree Butternut Maple Walnut Catalpa Nectarine Witch hazel Cedar Oak Willow Cherry Palm Yellow wood Chestnut Peach Cottonwood Pear

Beak Speak • The quark, a building block of the pro- ton, got its name from James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake, from the line “Three quarks for Muster http://www.puzzles.ca Mark! Sure he hasn’t got much of a bark”.

• The word “dunce”, meaning a dull-witted or ignorant person, comes from the name of John Duns Scotus Get in Someone’s hair (1265-1308), one of the greatest minds of his time. Scotus, born in Scotland, wrote treatises Children! Would you please on grammar, logic, metaphysics, and theology. stop making so much noise! He was educated at Cambridge and Oxford and And for heaven’s sake, pick up pursued his master’s degree in theology at the your clothes and toys! University of Paris where, in 1303, he became embroiled in one of the most heated disputes It’s hard enough trying to keep of the day. France’s King Philip IV had moved this house clean without your to tax the Church in order to finance his war throwing your things all over with England; in response, Pope Boniface VIII the place! threatened to excommunicate him. For support- Clara, I know that the chil- ing the pope, Duns Scotus was banished from dren get in your hair, but you France. He later assumed a university profes- should try not to let it upset you sorship in Cologne. The term “dunce” was so much. coined two centuries later by people who dis- Listen, Jim. I can’t help it. The agreed with Scotus’ teachings and his defence children bother me and make of the papacy. To them, any of his followers (a me very angry when they’re “Duns man” or “Dunce”) was dull-witted, “in- capable of scholarship and stupid”. so noisy and messy ttp://www.sentex.net/~ajy/facts/literature.html http://www.englishdaily626.com/idioms.php 16

Granny Noetal

Dear Granny, things, the question is where individual rights end and where public good begins. (Check out a phi- Lots of students still smoke and they smoke losophy class) Well, here at ARC we have regula- right next to the buildings we have to tions that smokers should be 30 feet from build- walk by. Second-hand smoke kills and ings. I imagine it’s really difficult to enforce I’ve got asthma. Why are they allowed that regulation and perhaps smokers are to do this? not even aware of that requirement. Maybe smokers need to be reminded Screaming from my lungs of the 30-foot rule in some more effec- tive way so that every time they light Dear Screaming, up, they consider their whereabouts. It’s a matter of education. Readers, do Good question. You know, Granny nev- you have some good ideas for solving the er smoked (I did chew tobacco when I problem? Brainstorm with your teacher! played softball) but I am glad I learned about the dangers of tobacco and smoking in my health Granny classes at ARC many years ago! Like so many To contact Granny: [email protected] Mim’s Cafe

The recipe below was submitted by one of our ESL faculty members. Thank you, Kate Jaques, for sharing this wonderful recipe with us. I made this dish for a group of friends and they loved it. One couple even asked for the recipe and we hadn’t fin- ished our dinner yet! I also served the dish below with both corn and flour tortillas. This recipe serves 6 to 8 people. Prof. Montgomery with Main Course: Kate’s Chili Verde happy eater. Ingredients Cooking Unstructions

2-1/2 pound of pork shoulder 1. Brown meat in a couple of ta- 1 onion, finely chopped blespoons of olive oil. 5-7 cloves of garlic, minced 2. Put meat in a crock pot and set it to low. 2 bay leaves 3. Use same pan to cara- 1 cup of chicken stock (more if needed) melize the onion and 1 jar of Trader Joe’s Salsa Verde (you can use oth- garlic over low heat. er brands) 4. Toss everything togeth- ¼ cup of tequila, if desired er in crock pot and turn heat ½ teaspoon each: salt, mild chili powder, cumin, on low for 6 hours. and cilantro 5. Shred the pork and serve in corn tortillas. 1 bag of Trader Joe’s frozen tri-colored peppers 6. Consider saving the leftover green sauce to sim- If you like things spicier, you can add either ½ tea- mer beans in. (I did and made a great chili din- spoon of chili powder, a 4 ounce can of chopped ner the next night.) green chilies or one chopped Anaheim pepper. To contact Prof. Montgomery: [email protected] 17 Parenting the Parrot Way!

Holiday Meals with Children and Family

will all think the half-frozen turkey was hilarious and it will make for a great family story.

2. Prepare young children for changes -- write a book to share with them any unfamiliar circumstances they will experience during the holidays. Some examples could be sleeping in a new environment, meeting new people who will already know them but who they do not remember, new schedules, special manners and behavior that may be expected of them and lots of different foods.

3. Set house rules with adults and children visiting Prof. Moon’s kids your home -- letting everyone know that shoes are not worn in the house, food is only eaten in The wonderful season of fall is upon us. The leaves the kitchen and living room, and the clothes dry- are falling, the air is crisper and our children are er is not the best place for the youngest to hide looking forward to all the holiday festivities. As during games of hide-n-seek. parents we usually want our children to have the 4. Spend time with people, not your perfect place ‘perfect’ holiday with family and friends gathered settings -- Set a great example for your children together. According to Marilyn Pribus in her “Grow- by setting aside time to spend one-on-one with ing Child” article, “Sometimes [these gatherings] each person sharing your holiday. This could be leave us feeling refreshed, renewed, and at peace. as simple as 10 minutes sharing a family recipe But [sometimes] we are relieved when everyone with your niece or listening to grandma tell you goes home and we feel vaguely confused about what the same story you heard last holiday or even let- went wrong.” Ms. Pribus warns that these feelings of ting the children set the table so you and your confusion come from our desires for the “perfect” sibling(s) have time to take a quick walk around holiday with family as “seen on TV” and that these the block. expectations can lead us to create more stress and bigger feelings of ‘let-down’ after the holiday gath- Holiday meals with family and friends can be the erings are over. most precious memories our children carry into adulthood. Preparing to make it special for them I know that every year I imagine the Thanksgiving and us as parents is setting realistic expectations. dinner arriving at the table at the same time and my My personal expectations for this holiday season are family looking on with awe as they exclaim, “Mom, it to let go of the perfection and allow my children to looks just like Martha Stewart’s Thanksgiving table join me in preparing the decorations and food, and on the Food Network!” Of course the reality of our to spend lots of time laughing and playing together. home is far from that expectation and sometimes we even have to re-cook the turkey for a couple of extra hours. So, what should be done? To contact Prof. Moon: [email protected] 1. Stock up on laughter and humor---years later we 18 Net Gain: Ask the Komputer Kid -- Pawandeep Singh!

software programs that can remove viruses and protect your computer from these kinds of spyware. A firewall is one of the best things to keep your computer safe and secure. Firewall Protec- tion Windows SP2 comes with a firewall. You can also find free firewall software on the Internet.

4th - Registry cleaner: Whenever you install applications on your computer, the registry will make a log. Over time, this can slow your computer down. Many programs come with un-install processes, but whenever possible, remove What are the five things that you need to know to the program from the Add or Remove Programs keep your computer running safe and secure? from the control panel. Consider using a registry cleaner to clean your registry, but be very care- The majority of people purchase a PC with either ful. If you delete the wrong files or processes, you no-knowledge or with very little knowledge of can damage your computer, and maybe render it computers. Usually they are familiar with a few useless! Registry Mechanic is one of the best soft- basic things about computers such as Word pro- ware programs to do this task without any worry. cessing, the Internet, entertainment features but they are not aware of any security threats. It is 5th - Defragmenting your hard drive: When you important to follow a few simple procedures that install software, create files and other data, your will save you lots of time and trouble in the future. computer will store it in the quickest way pos- Many people wait until their computer has almost sible. This will cause some files to be separated slowed to a crawl before they take any action, and and stored in different places on the hard drive. by then, it will become a pain-staking process to When you attempt to retrieve data, the hard drive rid your computer of all the “bugs”. In this Column will search for all of the fragmented files, which I will talk about five things that you need to know will slow down your computer. It is a good idea to to keep your computer running safe and secure. defragment your disk weekly, or every two weeks at the most. With Windows XP, Click on the Start 1st - Updates: Always be sure to use the “Check Menu, all programs, and look for accessories. for updates now” option to keep your program When you go to accessories, there will be a drop- current. down menu where you can click on disk defragmenter. Just follow the instructions. If for some rea- 2nd - Antivirus Protection: When surfing the in- son, you can’t find the disk defragmenter on the ternet, you can easily expose your computer to start menu, click Start, My Computer, then right new viruses. Luckily there are plenty of free anti- click on the hard drive. (Usually this is Drive C) virus programs you can download. One is called Click on Properties on the drop down menu, and AVG antivirus. It works this way: If a virus tries to in the dialog box that opens, click on tools. You access your computer, a box will pop up asking will see the disk defragmenter there. You will also you permission for it to run. Click “No”! see disk clean-up which is another good program 3rd - Spyware Protection: There are lots of mali- to run. cious software on the Internet and some of the spy- Make a habit of following these simple procedures ware and malware writers are hacking legitimate and your computer will run faster and be more se- sites and installing a tiny (1px) image which will cure. download their spyware on your computer when you go to their site. Spyware Doctor is one of the Some help from: www.computerproductsunlimited.com 19 Boots on the Ground: Get Slick with Trail Mick Miwok Trail, Sly Park Recreation Area

This hike takes you along a mountain lake through a across the park road. Here you will notice a little tall pine forest and into a little canyon where a year- rustic building. This is the Miwok Museum. The Mi- round creek flows. woks were a native American tribe that lived in this area in the time before the Gold Rush of 1849. The Sly Park Recreation Area features Jenkin- miners effectively drove them away from the area. son Lake, a reservoir that supplies drinking water In fact, many of the native populations of Califor- to western El Dorado County. To get there, drive nia didn’t survive changes brought on by European on highway 50 east from the Sacramento area for immigrants in the 19th century. Near the museum approximately 45 minutes to the Sly Park Road are a few of the trappings of Miwok life, including a exit in Pollock Pines. Turn right, and head south lodge made of branches and bark and a food stor- on Sly Park Road for about 10 miles to its junction age container made of similar material. The Miwok with Iron Mountain Road (also Trail actually starts here. At the known as the “Mormon Immi- trailhead, pamphlets are usu- grant Trail”). About a half mile ally available to help interpret before the junction you will see what you see along the route. a sign that says “Park Entrance Notice how much cooler it is in 500 feet”. Do not turn at this en- this shaded canyon than it was trance unless you wish to pay a along the lakeside trail. The $10 per vehicle entrance fee. I half-mile trail forms a figure prefer instead to turn left onto “8” shape, crossing the stream Iron Mountain Road and park twice on two wooden bridges. my car (for free) off the road at Follow the trail upstream as far the first available dirt turnout. as it takes you and return on Once you have parked, the opposite side of the stream. walk down toward the lake, Once you have arrived where you will see the trail and back at the little museum, cross the boat launch/marina com- Trail Mick at Birth the park road again and re- plex on your left. Walk on past the trace your steps back to your car boat ramp and marina. For much of the route, the via the lakeside trail. The entire hike is about four trail follows the shoreline. Keep following the trail miles in length. About two hours is needed to com- along the lake, passing through a couple of picnic plete this relatively easy in-and-back hike. areas as you go. During your hike you will notice nu- The lakeside trail is open to bicycles and hik- merous low-growing shrubs that form a continuous ers, and dogs are okay as long as they are leashed. green carpet under the pine trees. The gold miners The Miwok trail is for hikers only. During the warm- called this shrub “Mountain Misery”. I much prefer er months, there is water available from a number the Miwok Indian name for the plant: “Kit-kit-diz- of faucets in the picnic areas. Primitive toilets are ze”. Kit-kit-dizze has a distinct, pungent odor, and also provided for visitors’ use. There are also sev- in springtime the plant is covered with little white eral campgrounds available within the park. Al- flowers. After a mile or more you will cross over though no hunting or shooting is allowed, fishing a tiny wooden bridge stream. Keep following the (for Smallmouth Bass and three kinds of trout) with lakeshore trail for another quarter mile, where you a valid California fishing licenseis permitted in Jen- will notice a second, somewhat larger, stream inlet kinson Lake! and cove. This is Carpenter Creek. Follow the trail upstream into the canyon. Instead of crossing the creek on the lakeside trail, continue straight ahead, To contact Mick: [email protected] 20 Artie’s Corner

Artie’s Easel

This month’s artist profile should be especial- at California State University where she was also a ly interesting to our ESL students who aspire to be teaching assistant for advanced painting classes. famous in the art field because I will be examin- In addition to several one-woman shows, Art- ing the life of Artist D, who lived not only in Eu- ist D has received the CSUS Robinson Fellowship rope, but also in Brazil before coming to the United Award, The Degas Pastel Award from the Pastel States as a resident. Let’s see what inspired her Society of the West Coast, Best of Show Magnum career in art. Opus VIII at the Internation- Artist D says that her al Exhibit and the Liquitex body of art work may be Award for Best Use of Color called “The Art of Spirit” among others. She is also a because the luscious colors signature member of both of her pallet are representa- the Society of Western Art- tions of the abundance and ists and the Pastel Society of richness of the natural world the West Coast and a PSWC around her. She goes on to distinguished Pastelist, a title say that “Creativity is infinite bestowed on only a few art- and is in every living creation Prof White -- Artie’s Mentor ists nationwide. Artist D also around us. Man cannot be separated from it.” holds several outdoor shows each year throughout Artist D’s parents emigrated from Europe to the Sacramento, Mendocino, and El Dorado Hills Brazil after World War II when she was only two areas. years old. In Brazil, she learned to appreciate its Finally, Artist D says that she works with stun- colorful culture. Artist D believes that growing up ning colors, light and texture. According to her, in Brazil was both an adventure and a struggle and every painting carries within itself its own voice. that one way she had to deal with her new child- “The secret lies in not exercising full control but hood cultural experiences, including so much serving and leading the stage where all the actors diversity in language and customs, was to paint. are at play.” Inspiration for Artist D, it appears, Artist D found a home in the United States when comes from infinity and the natural world around she was a young woman. She says that she had us, and it would seem that human beings cannot no doubts about what she wanted to do in life. be separated from these two sources of creativity. She wanted to paint! She studied with many well- What do you think about her ideas of inspiration? known teachers including the late Sergei Bongart (the Russian painter). After she moved to Califor- To contact Artie: [email protected] nia, she earned her Master’s Degree in Studio Art 21 Out of the Cage

Ashland Shakespeare Festival Actors Interview Success Workshop Perform Tuesday, November 17 Tuesday, November 17 2:00 pm - 3:00 pm 12:15 am - 1:15 am This workshop includes Please join a team of profes- information on research- sional actors from Ashland ing the organization, Oregon’s famous Shakespeare reviewing anticipated Festival for a lively learning questions, specific strat- session about acting, drama egies, assessing your and Shakespeare plays. The skills, making a professional presentation, and performance and workshops body language and presentation. are designed for students, faculty, and all who love the craft Location: Career and Job Opportunity Center. of acting and the literature of William Shakespeare.

Location: Raef Hall 160 Evolution’s Reach Thursday, November 19, 2009 7:30pm -- 9:00pm “Networking” Event Wednesday, November 18 Sponsored by the ARC Freethinkers Club. 12:15 pm - 1:15 pm Professors from four different disciplines discuss how evolutionary theory and research affect their Almost 80% of jobs are found through networking! fields. Panelists: Frank Araujo (Anthropology, ARC), Yet it is a job search tool Natasha Breitenbach (Psychology, ARC), Liam Mc- often overlooked by job Daid (Astronomy, SCC), and Tom Logan (English, seekers. Employers from ARC). the Sacramento business community will share the Location: Raef Hall 162 significance of networking and its value in today’s job search process. For event registration, please contact the Career Center at 916-484-8492.

Location: Ranch House

Questions/Comments?

Please let us know what we can do to improve “The Parrot” We appreciate any and all feedback you are willing to give us. Send us an e-mail, call, or just drop by Professor Bracco’s office D387 ( Davies Hall), or call (916) 484-8988, [email protected] Senior Editor: Christian Valenzuela, [email protected] 22

Keely and Du Do You Have a FACEBOOK Page? November 27,28,29 Add us as a Fan! 8:00 pm

Keely and Du is a vola- tile, full-length drama re- volving around the issue of abortion. Du, an anti- choice activist, and Keely, the pregnant rape victim she confines, transcend their circumstances and the ideological issues that separate them. Jane Martin develops their unlikely bond with a deeply felt hu- manity that refuses to become political.

Becoming a Climber Tuesday, December 1 “ARC ESL Department” 12:15 p.m. -- 1:15 p.m. Has a FACEBOOK page for our students!!

Royal Robbins, pioneer of Ameri- Post and Read Items About: can rock climbing, founder of Royal Robbins clothing • ARC campus company and author of three • Fun things happening around Sacra- books tells of his early child- mento and CA -- Your favorite restau- hood in West Virginia and rants, art exhibits...,parks and hikes ... Los Angeles, getting in trouble with the law, joining the • Your dance or musical recital Boy Scouts, getting into climbing, • What’s happening in ESL -- cool links and where those adventures have led him. He talks to use to study that crazy English gram- about valuable lessons learned while “boulder- mar. ing” and while soloing El Capitan. His new auto- biography, To Be Brave, will be available for pur- Search for ARC ESL Department chase and signing after the talk. and click on “Become a Fan” Location: Raef Hall 160

Stress Management: Balancing School, Work & Life Workshop Tuesday, December 1 6:00 p.m. -- 7:00 p.m.

Stressed out? Struggling to keep up with the demands of school, work, and a personal life? You are not alone. Life in the 21st century has brought in a whole new set of stress- ors we all must deal with. Although stress is a normal part of life, it can take a toll on our health and ability to succeed if it becomes excessive. In this workshop you will learn about the nature of stress, some of its causes and how it often surfaces in physical and emotional symptoms. You will learn experiential ways to cope with stress in your daily life. Life can’t be stress-free, but we can change how we relate to stressful situations so we are not as adversely affected. 23

continued from page 1 you and the bad dreams go away. It is for protect- ing you. Pancho: I think that we’re not really losing our culture or what we believe. I think we are adding Parrot: Do Native Americans get offended when other entities like education, work, living, in… people refer to them as Indians? we pretty much, we are trying to blend in with the way the United States is, but we continue to add to Pancho: Uh, I think, I believe some do, some our culture, add to our traditions. tribes do, some individuals might take it offensive, you know... I guess, the way I look at it is kind of, Parrot: So, you are adding, but keeping you own for myself it doesn’t really hurt me because I’m roots? proud of being Native American, proud to be an Indian. Pancho: Yeah. Parrot: I mean, what if they say “Indian” in a bad Parrot: What can the future generations of Native way. Do you get offended by that? Americans do to keep their culture alive? Pancho: No, I don’t personally… Pancho: OK, for example, myself, I like to seek out my traditions or seek out… I never liked the sweat Parrot: What is the most misleading idea that peo- ceremony until the year of 1997. I seek it out, you ple may have about Native Americans? know, it’s like, its good to seek out what you feel comfortable with and that’s going to help you live Pancho: I think that the most misleading idea is in balance, and to help you be a better person. that we haven’t been here for over five hundred years on this soil, on this land and that the Ameri- Parrot: Some famous Native American names are can native culture, the Native American tradition, “Crazy Horse” and “Sitting Bull.” How do Native is bad compared to the Christian way… Americans determine their names? Is it according to a guide animal? Parrot: Have you ever been discriminated against for being a Native American? Pancho: Uh, I’m not really sure about that, you know… I don’t even have a name like that… Pancho: No, I haven’t.

Parrot: Is it true that all Native Americans have a Parrot: How do Native Americans feel about Co- guardian spirit? lumbus Day?

Pancho: Uh, yeah, I believe so. We believe in a Pancho: They say that Columbus Day is the day higher power that give us guidance and comes that Columbus discovered America. It’s probably and helps us. Like, it might be your relative or just true that he did “discover” it, but Native Ameri- nature itself. Everything that is around us has a cans have always been here. The way it is publi- spirit. There’s something that gives feelings, ev- cized is it was discovered and nobody was here… erything really. you know, that’s not really explaining to the people who live here in the United states. It’s not clear- Parrot: “Dream catchers” are very popular Na- ly spoken the way it should be, so. tive American objects. Are they only used as or- naments or do they have a real cultural meaning Parrot: Do you celebrate Thanksgiving? for Native American people? Pancho: Yes, I do. Pancho: They have a meaning, dream catchers. Parrot: How do you celebrate it? the same as the From my understanding, it is like you put them on other Americans? the top of your bed or where you sleep and what happens is that when your dreams go through the Pancho: Just the same as how it was brought to… web of the dream catcher, the good part stays with you know, the food, the gathering. It’s a good 24 thing, because you bring your family together, you the Native Americans, and because the Native know, you eat, you socialize. It’s a good thing… Americans already had their beliefs, already had their traditions, had their ways, the Native Ameri- Parrot: So that is something that you incorporated cans did not submit to the Christian way. You know into your own culture… people died as a result of the Christian beliefs. So, there is a long history from the time the Europeans Pancho: Yeah… arrived, of being abused, taking land, breaking Parrot: Why do Native Americans smoke with treaties. So today those bad things that happened those big pipes? in the past get passed on from generation to generation, from elders to the young people. Pancho: Well, it’s a ceremonial pipe. It came from the Dakotas, It’s called the “chanupa” and it was Parrot: Do you have bad feelings against Europe- brought to them from a white buffalo. It represents ans because of all those things that happened? peace, unity, honor, respect. Your prayers when Pancho: It is something that already passed, you you smoke this chanupa, your prayers and your know, that’s what I think. It already passed. There’s thoughts in the pipe and in the smoke go to the nothing we can do about it today, you know, but creator. move on with our lives, move on and in today’s so- Parrot: You pray first and then you smoke? ciety have an education, to get a job, to get a de- cent job to support your family, so you have to live Pancho: You pray either first or when you are in today’s society, you have to move on, you can’t smoking the pipe and those thoughts, those feel- hold that. You have a choice but… ings and those prayers go in the smoke to the creator… Parrot: Do old people still talk about history to the young generation? Parrot: Everybody smokes or only men? Pancho: They do mention what happened in the Pancho: Everybody smokes, to communicate with past and about what Native Americans have gone the creator. through. It’s like a reminder to tell you there are choices to make in life. Something won’t always Parrot: Why is it that most casinos are owned by stay the same… Native Americans? Parrot: Do you have any other comments you want Pancho: I believe it is because they were looking to give us? for some type of financial resource for their tribes and California, were seeking financial help for Pancho: I’d say that today I work here in the Na- their tribes for income and they had to go through tive American Resource Center on the second a lot of process to get these casinos on their land floor of Davies Hall. I try to put out there to the Na- throught the State of California. In a way, they cre- tive Americans that come here and put out there to ated their own way to have income so they can the people on campus that we are here just to get support their tribes. I am from Nevada. You can’t our education. We’re not here on this campus to have casinos on the reservations because Nevada, get involved in politics, get involved in, you know, and cities like Reno, Vegas have casinos so there racial discrimination or anything that’s bad for, is a conflict if we were to put a casino on a reserva- you know… to take us away from our goal, to just tion. It’s like a money battle, you know… to move on with our lives. Parrot: So, in general, what do Native Americans think about Americans of European descent?

Pancho: Well, we can go back as far as the beginning when the Europeans arrived on this land, when they tried to push their Christian beliefs on