The Thoughts of Mevlana As a Prior Demonstration of Methodology of Physics
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Ancient Persian Limestone Relief Unveiled in National Museum of Iran
Art & Culture October 9, 2018 3 This Day in History Ancient Persian Limestone Relief (October 9) Today is Tuesday; 17th of the Iranian month of Mehr 1397 solar hijri; corresponding to 29th of the Islamic month of Muharram 1440 lunar hijri; and October 9, 2018, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. Unveiled in National Museum of Iran 1379 lunar years ago, on this day in 61 AH, 19 days after the heartrending tragedy of The bas-relief, which depicts Karbala and the martyrdom of Imam Husain (AS), the captive children and womenfolk a Persian guard, was seized in of the Household of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA), along with the heads of martyrs, mounted on spear-points, were brought to Damascus, the capital of the Godless Yazid, October by investigators for the the self-styled caliph of the Omayyad regime. The noble captives were made to stand Manhattan district attorney’s at the city gates without any shade, until the bazaars and streets of Damascus were office from the Park Avenue decorated to mock at the Prophet’s family. Armory, where it was being 1126 solar years ago, on this day in 892 AD, the renowned Iranian Sunni Muslim offered for sale at an art fair, authority on hadith, Mohammad ibn Eisa Tirmizi, passed away. He was born and died then a New York Supreme Court in Bagh, near Tirmiz in Greater Khorasan (now in Uzbekistan). At the age of twenty, he judge ordered it to be returned to travelled to Kufa, Basra and the Hijaz, in pursuit of knowledge. His teachers included Mohammad al-Bukhari, Muslim Naishaburi and Abu Dawoud Sijistani – all three of Iran after more than 80 years in whom were renowned Iranian Sunni Muslim compilers of hadith. -
Nasir Khusraw's Philosophical
Nasir Khusraw’s Philosophical And intellectual tradition سنت فلسفی و عقﻻنی ناصر خسرو Prepared by: Dr. Nasruddin Shah Paikar ۱۱ محل March 31, 2013 ۱۹۳۱ “If some one is not your brother in faith, for sure he is your brother in humanity” Imam Ali " شاید فردی برادر هم کیش و هم آئین شما نباشد، اما بدون تردید و حتم برادر شما از دیدانداز بشری است" امام علی Abu Mo’in Hamid ad-Din Nasir ibn Khusraw al-Qubadiani or Nāsir Khusraw Qubādiyānī [also spelled as Tajik: Носири Хусрав) was a , ناصر خسرو قبادیانی :Nasir Khusrow and Naser Khosrow] (1004 – 1088 CE) (Persian Persian and Tajik poet, philosopher, Isma'ili scholar, traveler and one of the greatest writers in Persian literature. He was born in Qubadian province of Tajikistan (part of former Khorasan, and died in Yamagan, Central Asia (now in Afghanistan). He is considered one of the great poets and writers in Persian literature. The Safarnama, an account of his travels, is his most famous work.Nasir Khusraw was born in 1004 AD, in Balkh, a province in north of Afghanistan. He was well versed in the branches of the natural sciences, medicine, mathematics, astronomy and astrology, Greek philosophy, and the writings of al-Kindi, al-Farabi and Ibn Sina; and in the interpretation of the Qur'an. He also studied Arabic, Turkish, Greek, the vernacular languages of India and Sindh, and perhaps even Hebrew; and had visited Multan and Lahore, and the splendid Ghaznavid court under Sultan Mahmud, Firdousi's patron. He later chose Merv for his residence, and was the owner of a house and garden there. -
Heartoflove.Pdf
Contents Intro............................................................................................................................................................. 18 Indian Mystics ............................................................................................................................................. 20 Brahmanand ............................................................................................................................................ 20 Palace in the sky .................................................................................................................................. 22 The Miracle ......................................................................................................................................... 23 Your Creation ...................................................................................................................................... 25 Prepare Yourself .................................................................................................................................. 27 Kabir ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 Thirsty Fish .......................................................................................................................................... 30 Oh, Companion, That Abode Is Unmatched ....................................................................................... 31 Are you looking -
The Kurds of Khorasan*
Iran and the Caucasus 11 (2007) 11-31 The Kurds of Khorasan* ‘Abbas-‘Ali Madih Yerevan State University Abstract The article is a demographic survey on the Kurds in Greater Khorasan including presently three separate provinces within the territorial-administrative system of Iran. The research is mainly based on the field materials; the author had identified most of the Kurdish populated localities in situ, though the data obtained from the local municipalities were also taken into consideration. The paper includes a com- prehensive list of all the villages and rural centres of Greater Khorasan with com- pact and mixed Kurdish population, according to the minor administrative divi- sions, šahrestāns, i. e. districts. The biggest part of the Khorasani Kurds is sedentary, although there are also some groups of seasonal pastoralists. All the Kurds of Khorasan are Shi‘ites. Generally, there are 696 villages with a compact or prevailing Kurdish population registered on the territory of Greater Khorasan. The total number of the Khorasani Kurds can be estimated around one million. Keywords Kurds in Khorasan, Kurdish Tribes, Iranian Ethno-Demography, Khorasan INTRODUCTION Khorasan (Xorāsān)1 is the biggest province of Iran, located in the North- East of the country. This region, especially in the north, is characterised by a large ethnic diversity. Over a surface of 15,444 square miles, all the ethnic groups that compose the population of contemporary Iran can be found: the Kurds, Baluches, Lurs, Turks, Turkmens, Sistanis, Afghans, Arabs, etc., though most of them have appeared here as a result of mi- grations from their historical homelands. -
Iran (Persia) and Aryans Part - 6
INDIA (BHARAT) - IRAN (PERSIA) AND ARYANS PART - 6 Dr. Gaurav A. Vyas This book contains the rich History of India (Bharat) and Iran (Persia) Empire. There was a time when India and Iran was one land. This book is written by collecting information from various sources available on the internet. ROOTSHUNT 15, Mangalyam Society, Near Ocean Park, Nehrunagar, Ahmedabad – 380 015, Gujarat, BHARAT. M : 0091 – 98792 58523 / Web : www.rootshunt.com / E-mail : [email protected] Contents at a glance : PART - 1 1. Who were Aryans ............................................................................................................................ 1 2. Prehistory of Aryans ..................................................................................................................... 2 3. Aryans - 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 10 4. Aryans - 2 …............................………………….......................................................................................... 23 5. History of the Ancient Aryans: Outlined in Zoroastrian scriptures …….............. 28 6. Pre-Zoroastrian Aryan Religions ........................................................................................... 33 7. Evolution of Aryan worship ....................................................................................................... 45 8. Aryan homeland and neighboring lands in Avesta …...................……………........…....... 53 9. Western -
Ibn Sina and Al-Ghazali (Their Life and Works) 1 Rifat Aman, 2 Dr
International Journal of Academic Research and Development International Journal of Academic Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4197, Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 www.academicsjournal.com Volume 2; Issue 3; May 2017; Page No. 100-104 Great Muslim Philosophers - Ibn Sina and Al-Ghazali (Their Life and Works) 1 Rifat Aman, 2 Dr. NA Nadeem, 3 Dr. Nighat Basu 1 Research Scholar, Faculty of Education, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. 2 Prof., Dean, School of Education, Central University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. 3 Prof., Co-ordinator Teacher Education, School of Education, Central University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Abstract Muslim philosophers were men of science who explored and set the very foundations of knowledge. They have had great influence and importance in the history of fundamental ideas through their notable contributions in the form of innumerable discoveries and countless books on medicine, surgery, physics, chemistry, philosophy, mathematics, and astrology. The two great Muslim philosophers Ibn Sine and Al-Ghazali had provided new insights in the realm of educational curricula, aims of education, educational stages of children, different methods of teaching and his remarkable work in the shape of his books like Al-Qanun-fil- Tibb (The Canon of Medicine), Kitab-al-Shifa (The Book of Healing). Keywords: Muslim philosophers, Ibn Sine, Al-Ghazali, life and works Introduction After the death of his father, Ibn Sine left Bukhara and Ibn Sine’s life and Works travelled to Jürgen where Khwarizmi Shah welcomed Abu Ali al Hussain Ibn Abdullah Ibn Sine was born in him. -
Scientific Expressions in Abolfaraj Rouni's Anthology
Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 2016, 6, 373-389 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojml ISSN Online: 2164-2834 ISSN Print: 2164-2818 Scientific Expressions in Abolfaraj Rouni’s Anthology Mohammad Reza Najjarian* Department of Persian Language and Literature, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran How to cite this paper: Najjarian, M. R. Abstract (2016). Scientific Expressions in Abolfaraj th Rouni’s Anthology. Open Journal of Mod- Abolfaraj Rouni is a pioneer of a new poetry style who has influenced all the 6 cen- ern Linguistics, 6, 373-389. tury (A.H) poets directly and indirectly. His own and his followers’ poems have http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2016.65034 served as a basis for changing the Khorasani style to Iraqi style. His anthology is Received: November 3, 2015 fraught with a variety of Arabic words and Expressions, Quranic tenets, literary fig- Accepted: May 20, 2016 ures, and poetic features. One can specifically refer to his exotic overstatements Published: October 14, 2016 about the eulogized. To understand his poems is generally difficult because it calls for a perfect knowledge of such field as astronomy, rhetoric, logic, philosophy, theology, Copyright © 2016 by author and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. and the like. Here is a typical verse of such poems: Thou at rest like the poles, But in This work is licensed under the Creative race like the moon. Abolfaraj has based his imagery upon science. He has also uti- Commons Attribution International lized conventions such as games of chess as well as literary issues as associations for License (CC BY 4.0). -
Ibn Sina and the Roots of the Seven Doctrines of Preservation of Health
Pregledni rad Acta Med Hist Adriat 2015; 13(Supl. 2);87-102 Review article UDK: 61(091):8013.15)(394.7) IBN SINA AND THE ROOTS OF THE SEVEN DOCTRINES OF PRESERVATION OF HEALTH IBN SINA (AVICENA) I KORIJENI SEDAM DOKTRINA ODRŽAVANJA ZDRAVLJA Murad Ahmad Khan1, Fauzia Raza2, Iqbal Akhtar Khan3 Summary Ibn Sina, the most eminent Muslim physician, illuminative philosopher, great thinker and a versatile genius is regarded as the “Father of Early Modern Medicine” and as the “Father of Clinical Pharmacology”. The “Kitab al-Qanun fi-al-Tibb”, commonly known as the “Canon Medicinae” is the most important of his medical works and, at the same time, the most care- fully preserved treasury both in original Arabic and in the initial Latin version. It is the final codification of all Greco-Arabic medical thoughts up to his time, enriched and modified with his own scientific experimentations and independent observations. It is considered “The First Textbook of Medicine on the Earth”. The “Canon” surpassed the books of Hippocrates and Galen and remained supreme for more than six centuries, in the West. Ibn Sina de- scribed “Seven Doctrines” for Preservation of Health, based on the Mudawa Salookia, in his magnum opus. The roots of these principles can be traced, to a significant extent, to Egyptian Medicine, Hebrew Medicine, Greek Medicine, Roman Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ancient Persian Medicine, Ayurvedic Medicine (Hindu Medicine) and Islamic Medicine. Key words: Avicenna; Canon Medicinae; Preservation of Health, Seven Doctrines; History of Medicine; Greco-Arabic Medicine; Mudawa Salookia 1 Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics RAK College of Medical Sciences RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Post Box: 11172. -
Final 2.Indd
Iranian or Arab Scholars? Opinion Iranian or Arab Scholars? Touraj Nayernouri MD FRCS•1 t seems a truism that in modern day academia, all his- ethnic populations. The lingua franca of the Islamic world torical scholars who wrote in Greek are known as was Arabic as was Greek in the Aegean and Latin in medi- I Greeks and all those who wrote in Arabic are known as eval Europe. Thus, the authors whose scientic and philo- Arabs. A curious fact is that all those scholars in all of medi- sophical books were translated from Arabic into Latin be- eval European Christendom who wrote in Latin are always came erroneously known as Arabs in later European history referred to by their country of origin. from the Renaissance to the present day. Does this curious historical fact betray some form of cul- The true Arabs of the peninsula were a small ethnic group tural bias? of tribes who spread with Islam and settled in parts of the The ancient Mediterranean Greek speaking world were a Islamic territories including parts of North Africa, Andalusia disparate group of cultures spreading from southern Italy and the Middle East. The Egyptians, Syrians, Lebanese and through North Africa to Anatolia and western Mesopotamia. Iranians do not consider themselves as Arabs though some Even the Athenians considered themselves apart from Spar- may share Arabic as their language and Islam as their reli- tans and Macedonians and they were always in conict. gion. The Iranians speak Farsi (Persian), though they wrote Modern European scholars often disregard the debt that their scientic treaties in Arabic during the golden age of these Greek speaking thinkers owed to the concepts which Islamic science (9th – 12th centuries C.E.). -
Ziai Illumination 1944-2011
Hossein Ziai Illumination 1944-2011 www.hosseinziai.com Spring 2018 For Hossein, the love of my life, my joy, my everything. Mehr, as you would have said, Mahasti Hossein Ziai Biography CONTENTS PROFILE -------------------------------------------- 5 Khorasan 6 Education 8 Scholarship 10 Moral Revolt 12 Circle of Friends 13 GENEALOGY -------------------------------------- 17 Paternal Line 18 Ziai Family Tree 29 Maternal Line 30 Moshiri Family Tree 38 EDUCATION --------------------------------------- 39 Early Years 40 College 43 Graduate School 45 ACADEMIC CAREER ----------------------------- 47 Books 51 Memorial Volume 54 Bibliography 55 S E L E C T E D A R T W O R K Calligraphy 61 Watercolors 65 Hossein Ziai PROFILE Hossein Ziai Profile PROFILE Hossein Ziai was one of the foremost authorities on Shihāb al-Din Sohravardi—“Suhrawardī” in —Ḥikmat al-Ishrāq— ح ک م ت ا ش را ق Arabic—the 12th century Persian founder of Illuminationist Philosophy and a professor of Islamic philosophy and Iranian studies from 1976-1980 in Iran, and since 1983 in the U.S. His thinking was well-known through his publications and his charismatic presence in the classroom and publicly, but he was also a very private man who shared little of his inner-self with anyone. His primal attachment to his homeland, his predilection for mathematics, philosophy, and logic, his interest in literature, arts and crafts, his sense of honor, humor, and humanity, his rich voice and resonant laughter, all left their mark on people with whom he crossed paths and are the markers that along with his scholarly and artistic output help, to a degree, trace his profile. -
Al-Khattabi's Critique of the State of Religious Learning in Tent
In our days, religion has once again become something alien: Al-Khattabi’s Critique of the State of Religious Learning in Tenth-century Islam1 Sebastian Günther Among the modern studies on classical Islamic theology, two articles by George Makdisi deserve special mention: “Ash`ari and the Ash`arites in Islamic Religious History”2 and “The Juridical Theology of Shafi`i: Origins and Significance of Usûl al-Fiqh.”3 In the latter essay, Makdisi divides the development of medieval Islamic theology into three major stages.4 The FIRST STAGE was characterized by the formation of two distinct groups with con- trasting views of Islamic theology: (a) the traditionalists who relied on “faith” and rejected “reason” in theological thought and (b) the rationalists who, in this regard, prioritized “reason” over “faith.” The SECONDSTAGE was marked by the dramatic emergence of the theologian Abu al-Hasan al-Ash`ari of Basra (324/935), who was initially an active follower of the Mu`tazilites and their rationalistic interpretations but then (around the year 300/912-13) “con- verted” to orthodoxy. Al-Ash`ari not only rendered reason and the method of “rationalistic dialectic reasoning” (kalam) acceptable to traditional Muslim Sebastian Günther has just recently been appointed professor and chair in Arabic and Islamic Studies at the University of Göttingen (Germany). Prior to this, he has held positions at the University of Toronto (Canada) and the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg (Germany). In addition, he has been a frequent visiting professor at al-Azhar University, the American University in Beirut, and the United Arab Emirates University. -
Miirosan to Khurasan: Huns, Alkhans and the Creation of East Iran
[Vicino Oriente XXIII (2019), pp. 121-138] MIIROSAN TO KHURASAN: HUNS, ALKHANS AND THE CREATION OF EAST IRAN Khodadad Rezakhani - Princeton University Khurasan emerged in the medieval Islamic world, particularly after the ‘Abbasid Revolution’ of 750, as one of the major centres of power and influence in the domains of the Abbasid Caliphate. While most studies consider this from the point of view of Islamic history, the roots of the rise of this region goes back to the late antique period. This article studies the emergence of the region throughout the first millennium by considering the history of the region under the Kushan, Kushano- Sasnaian, Kidarite, Alkhan, Hephthalite, and Western Turk rule. By considering numismatic evidence, Bactrian documents, and epigraphic sources, the article develops the idea that the region emerged as an independent and culturally central area during the Kushan and immediate post- Kushan period and became the center of a political and cultural production, which eventually entered the pages of history in the early Islamic period. Keywords: East Iran; Khurasan; Miirosan; Islam; Kushans Defining geographical spaces and their role in historical processes is an essential part of almost all historical enquiries. In many cases, the assumptions made about a historical region are based on understanding of that geography in a modern, nation-state based, context. In the study of medieval Islam and the Iranian/Persianate world, the term Khurasan and the geography it refers to has occupied a special place. Its importance in the medieval Islamic context is noted by a few monographs and studies,1 although the origins of the term and the conceptualisation of its geography is less scrutinised.