DOCSLIB.ORG

Observation and Classification of Specimens

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Observation and Classification of Specimens EXERCISE 6 ARTHROPODA: OBSERVATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIMENS Structure 6.1 Introduction Objectives 6.2 Materials Required 6.3 General Characters and Classification of Arthropoda 6.4 Subphylum Chelicerata General Characters Class Arachnida Class Merostomata 6.5 Subphylum Crustacea General Characters Class Malacostraca 6.6 Subphylum Uniramia General Characters Class Chilopoda Class Pauropoda Class Insecta 6.7 Terminal Questions 6.1 INTRODUCTION Before you go through this exercise you are advised to refer to Unit 8, Block 2, of the Animal Diversity course and try to recapitulate the salient features and characters of Phylum Arthropoda and its classification. In this exercise you will examine and identify some of the common representatives of Arthropoda. The phylum Arthropoda as the name signifies (arthros = joined + podos = foot) are the animals which possess jointed appendages. Arthropoda constitutes the largest phylum of animal kingdom comprising animals like crabs, lobsters, scorpions, spiders, millipedes, centipedes and insects such as cockroaches, bedbugs, houseflies, mosquitoes, butterflies and honeybees. In this exercise you will study the specimens of Palamnaeus, Limulus, Palaemon, Cancer, Scolopendra, Julus, Periplaneta, and Apis. Objectives After performing this exercise you should be able to: • identify Palamnaeus (scorpion), Limulus (king crab), Penaeus/Palaemon (prawn), Scolopendra (centipede ) , Julus (Millipede ), Periplaneta (cockroach) and Apis (honeybee) and give their scientific and common names, Animal Diversity: • classify the identified arthropods up to the level of the class Laboratory • list characters justifying their classification and mention special features, if any, • mention the habit, habitat and geographical location of the identified genera, • draw labelled diagrams of the identified specimens and • mention economic importance, if any, of each of the identified genera. 6.2 MATERIALS REQUIRED 1. Preserved specimens/permanent slides of the following animals: Palamnaeus (Scorpion) Limulus (King crab) Cancer (Crab) Scolopendra (Centipede) Julus (Millipeda) Palaemon (Prawn) Periplaneta (Cockroach) Apis (Honey bee) 2. Compound Microscope 3. Hand Lens 4. Magnifying glass 5. Practical Record Book 6. Pencil 7. Rubber 6.3 GENERAL CHARACTERS AND CLASSIFICATION OF ARTHROPODA These are metamerically segmented animals with an exoskeleton of cuticle. Schizocoelic coelom is much reduced and is replaced by perivisceral haemocoel, which is filled with blood. Circulatory system is of open type. True nephridia are absent, but coelomoducts act as gonoducts and often as excretory organs. Body of the animal is bilaterally symmetrical. They also bear paired appendages. You will examine, identify and draw labelled line diagrams of the preserved specimens/ permanent slides of the whole mounts of the animals. You are supposed to write the comments on the observations you have made. 68 Arthropoda: 6.4 SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA Observation and Classification of 6.4.1 General Characters Specimens The subphylum Chelicerata includes familiar horse shoe crab, spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites. i) Body consists of an anterior prosoma and a posterior opisthosoma. ii) Prosoma bears the appendages involved in feeding and locomotion. Opisthosoma may have exterior segmentation but appendages are either absent or considerably reduced. iii) Their main appendages are chelicerae and pedipalpi. iv) Antennae and mandibles are absent. v) These are the first land animals in evolution of arthropoda which have successfully colonised the terrestrial environment. 6.4.2 Class – Arachnida The class Arachnida ( arachne = spider) has terrestrial and few aquatic animals. It includes spider, scorpions and mites. i) Prosoma bears six pair of appendages: one pair of chelicerae, one pair of pedipalpi and four pairs of walking legs. ii) Abdomen is generally devoid of appendages. iii) Respiratory organs are tracheae, book lungs and book gills. iv) Excretion is performed by malpighian tubules and coxal glands. v) Sexes are separate but sexual dimorphism is not conspicuous. So, you have refreshed your background knowledge of the characters of subphylum Chelicerata and class Arachnida. Let us now study individual examples under the class Arachnida. Example – Palamnaeus (Scorpion) Examine the specimen both from dorsal and ventral sides. Observe the following features:- i) It has dark coloured body to match with the surroundings. The underside is pale yellow. ii) Body is divided into prosoma or cephalothorax and opisthosoma or abdomen. Prosoma is covered by square shaped shield of dorsal carapace. iii) Dorsal carapace has right and left frontal lobes. It also bears a pair of median eyes with 2-13 pairs of smaller lateral eyes on the antero- lateral margins. Eyes are simple in structure. On the ventral surface of the prosoma there is a single, median, small, triangular plate, the sternum . It lies between the coxa of the 3 rd and 4 th pair of legs. iv) Opisthosoma is distinguished as anterior mesosoma and posterior metasoma. Mesosoma consists of seven segments. Each segment is 69 Animal Diversity: covered by tergal plates dorsally and sternal plates ventrally. Both are Laboratory joined laterally by pleural membrane. v) Sternum of the first mesosoma bears genital aperture which is covered by a genital operculum. Sternum of second segment bears comb-like appendages called pectines. Pectine has small comb-like 24-26 bristles. vi) Metasoma or post-abdomen is slender and consists of five cylindrical segments with a telson or sting . The sting comprises an ampulla and a distal spine or aculeus. Ampulla contains poison glands with an opening at the tip of the distal spine. (a) (b) Fig. 6.1: Palamnaeus , A -Dorsal view; B – Ventral view. vii) Scorpion has six pairs of appendages. These are a pair of chelicerae , a pair of pedipalp and four pairs of walking legs . Chelicerae are three-segmented with two distal segments forming chela. Pedipalps have six joints, walking legs are composed of coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia and three tarsi. viii) Respiratory system is highly characteristic consisting of 4 pairs of book lungs or pulmonary sacs. Paired book lungs are situated on the ventro- lateral sides of the 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6 th mesosomal or preabdominal segments. ix) Sexes are separate. Habit and Habitat Scorpion is nocturnal found under stones or bark of trees or in burrows. Geographical Distribution: Most tropical and subtropical countries. Very common in India, most prevalent in Maharashtra, Assam, Rajasthan, Saurashtra and Uttar Pradesh. Classification and its Justification Kingdom Animalia Animals, multi-cellular organisms with cells that lack a cell wall, many capable of Arthropoda: Observation and movement or movement of some of their body Classification of parts or capable of movement at some time of Specimens their life cycle; heterotrophic nutrition. Phylum Arthropoda Jointed appendages, segmented body. Subphylum Chelicerata Main appendages are chelicerae and pedipalpi, body divided into prosoma and opisthosoma. Class Arachnida Four pairs of walking legs Genus Palamnaeus Species bengalensis Common Scorpion Name 6.4.3 Class Merostomata The Class Merostomata are aquatic chelicerates in which five or six pairs of abdominal appendages are modified into gills. At the end of body there is a sword like telson. Example Limulus (king crab) King crab (also called horse shoe crab) is not really a crab, true crabs are included in Malacostraca. King crab is the largest living merostome. It comes under the category of living fossils. Examine the specimen from both dorsal and ventral sides and look for the following features: i) Limulus is horse-shoe shaped crab with dorsally convex carapace covering prosoma. The posterior side of the body is fitted into the slots of carapace. ii) A long caudal spine extends from the rear of the opisthosoma. Spine helps in locomotion. It is neither offensive nor defensive in function. iii) Ventral side bears segmental appendages. Flanking labrum are chelicerae. Three segmented chelicerae form the pincers, forming a chelate appendage. iv) Opisthosoma is hexagonal broadly joined to prosoma and consists of mesosomatic segments, an unsegmented vestigial metasoma. v) The next four pairs are chelated legs and the 6 th pair is non-chelate legs. Just behind the mouth an oral plate-like appendage called chilaria is present. vi) The mesosomatic appendages are flattened and plate-like. The first pair is united in the middle to form a genital operculum. Exopodite of the remaining five pairs bears respiratory book gills. 71 Animal Diversity: Laboratory (a) (b) Fig. 6.2: Limulus . A) Dorsal view; B) Ventral view. vii) Horse shoe crab eats polychaetes, small molluscs and soft invertebrates of the ocean floor. viii) The foregut of Limulus includes an oesophagus and a gizzard, the midgut comprises a stomach and paired hepatic caecae and an intestine. Habit and Habitat Marine animal found in shallow waters, burrowing in sand, sluggish and mostly buried in sand. Feeds on soft mollusca and other small animals. Geographical Distribution: North Western Atlantic coast, Gulf of Mexico, West Indies, also South East Asian Pacific coasts. Classification and its Justification Kingdom Animalia Animals, multi-cellular organisms with cells that lack a cell wall, many capable of movement or movement of some of their body parts or capable of movement at some time of their life cycle; heterotrophic nutrition. Phylum Arthropoda Jointed appendages, segmented body.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Marine Information Network Information on the Species and Habitats Around the Coasts and Sea of the British Isles
    MarLIN Marine Information Network Information on the species and habitats around the coasts and sea of the British Isles Common prawn (Palaemon serratus) MarLIN – Marine Life Information Network Marine Evidence–based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) Review Ken Neal 2008-05-08 A report from: The Marine Life Information Network, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Please note. This MarESA report is a dated version of the online review. Please refer to the website for the most up-to-date version [https://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/detail/2033]. All terms and the MarESA methodology are outlined on the website (https://www.marlin.ac.uk) This review can be cited as: Neal, K.J. 2008. Palaemon serratus Common prawn. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.17031/marlinsp.2033.1 The information (TEXT ONLY) provided by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own terms and conditions and they may or may not be available for reuse. Permissions beyond the scope of this license are available here. Based on a work at www.marlin.ac.uk (page left blank) Date: 2008-05-08 Common prawn (Palaemon serratus) - Marine Life Information Network See online review for distribution map Side view of entire individual on rock.
    [Show full text]
  • Feeding Habits of the Prawns Processa Edulzs and Palaemon Adspersus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) in the Alfacs Bay, Ebro Delta (Nw Mediterranean)
    FEEDING HABITS OF THE PRAWNS PROCESSA EDULZS AND PALAEMON ADSPERSUS (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, CARIDEA) IN THE ALFACS BAY, EBRO DELTA (NW MEDITERRANEAN) Guerao, G., 1993-1994. Feeding habits of the prawns Processa edulis and Palaemon adspersus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) in the Alfacs Bay, Ebro Delta (NW Mediterranean). Misc. Zool., 17: 115-122. Feeding habits of the prawns Processa edulis and Palaemon adspersus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) in the Alfacs Bay, Ebro Delta (NW Mediterranean).- The stomach contents of 147 Palaemon adspersus Rathke, and 102 Processa edulis (Risso) were analyzed. The frequency of occurrence method and the points method were used. The role of these species in the food web of Cymodocea nodosa meadows is defined. Results indicate that both species are predators of benthic invertebrates rather than scavengers or detritus feeders. The main food items varied according to species. The diet of Palaemon adspersus consisted almost entirely of crustaceans, molluscs, and plant material, with amphipods playing a major role. Processa edulis ate an almost equal amount of crustaceans and polychaetes. In P. adspersus, most dietary items differed according to size classes of prawn. Key words: Feeding, Prawns, Palaemon, Processa, Ebro Delta. (Rebut: 18 V 94; Acceptació condicional: 13 IX 94; Acc. definitiva: 18 X 94) G. Guerao, Dept. de Biologia Animal (Artrdpodes), Fac. de Biologia, Univ. de Barcelona, Avgda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Espanya (Spain). INTRODUCTION and has been recorded from as far north as the Norwegian Sea to the Marocco coast Processidae prawns are abundant in coastal (LAGARDERE,1971) and the Mediterranean waters of temperate and tropical areas. (ZARIQUIEYÁLVAREZ, 1968). This species is Processa edulis (Risso, 1816) is a comrnon the subject of commercial fisheries in many littoral mediterranean prawn (ZARIQUIEY areas (JENSEN,1958; HOLTHUIS,1980; ÁLVAREZ,1968).
    [Show full text]
  • The First Amber Caridean Shrimp from Mexico Reveals the Ancient
    www.nature.com/scientificreports Corrected: Author Correction OPEN The frst amber caridean shrimp from Mexico reveals the ancient adaptation of the Palaemon to the Received: 25 February 2019 Accepted: 23 September 2019 mangrove estuary environment Published online: 29 October 2019 Bao-Jie Du1, Rui Chen2, Xin-Zheng Li3, Wen-Tao Tao1, Wen-Jun Bu1, Jin-Hua Xiao1 & Da-Wei Huang 1,2 The aquatic and semiaquatic invertebrates in fossiliferous amber have been reported, including taxa in a wide range of the subphylum Crustacea of Arthropoda. However, no caridean shrimp has been discovered so far in the world. The shrimp Palaemon aestuarius sp. nov. (Palaemonidae) preserved in amber from Chiapas, Mexico during Early Miocene (ca. 22.8 Ma) represents the frst and the oldest amber caridean species. This fnding suggests that the genus Palaemon has occupied Mexico at least since Early Miocene. In addition, the coexistence of the shrimp, a beetle larva, and a piece of residual leaf in the same amber supports the previous explanations for the Mexican amber depositional environment, in the tide-infuenced mangrove estuary region. Palaemonidae Rafnesque, 1815 is the largest shrimp family within the Caridea, with world-wide distribution1. It is now widely believed that it originated from the marine environment in the indo-western Pacifc warm waters, and has successfully adapted to non-marine environments, such as estuaries and limnic environments2–4. Palaemon Weber, 1795 is the second most species-rich genus besides the Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 in the Palaemonidae4–6. Te 87 extant species of Palaemon are found in various habitats, such as marine, brackish and freshwater7,8.
    [Show full text]
  • Decapoda: Caridea) from the Southern Region of Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, Mexico, with New Records and a Key for Taxonomic Identification
    14 2 ANNOTATED LIST OF SPECIES Check List 14 (2): 479–494 https://doi.org/10.15560/14.2.479 Updated checklist of estuarine caridean shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) from the southern region of Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, Mexico, with new records and a key for taxonomic identification Hiram Herrera-Barquín,1 Antonio Leija-Tristán,1 Susana Favela-Lara2 1 Laboratorio de Ecología Pesquera, Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n cruz con Av. Manuel L. Barragán, 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico. 2 Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Pedro de Alba s/n cruz con Av. Manuel L. Barragán, 66451, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico. Corresponding author: Hiram Herrera-Barquín, [email protected] Abstract We provide an updated list of the caridean shrimp species from the southern region of the Laguna Madre, Tamauli- pas, Mexico, along with a key for taxonomic identification. The survey was conducted in 3 sites during 3 temporal seasons. A total of 2,989 specimens were collected belonging to 12 species, 6 genera, and to the following 4 families: Alpheidae, Hippolytidae, Palaemonidae, and Processidae. Hippolytidae was the most abundant family, followed by Palaemonidae, Alpheidae, and Processidae. The hippolytid Hippolyte obliquimanus Dana, 1852, the palaemonids Palaemon floridanus Chace, 1942, and P. northropi (Rankin, 1898), and the alpheid Alpheus cf. packardii Kingsley, 1880 represent new records for the Laguna Madre and selected areas of the Gulf of Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Composition, Seasonality, and Life History of Decapod Shrimps in Great Bay, New Jersey
    20192019 NORTHEASTERNNortheastern Naturalist NATURALIST 26(4):817–834Vol. 26, No. 4 G. Schreiber, P.C. López-Duarte, and K.W. Able Composition, Seasonality, and Life History of Decapod Shrimps in Great Bay, New Jersey Giselle Schreiber1, Paola C. López-Duarte2, and Kenneth W. Able1,* Abstract - Shrimp are critical to estuarine food webs because they are a resource to eco- nomically and ecologically important fish and crabs, but also consume primary production and prey on larval fish and small invertebrates. Yet, we know little of their natural history. This study determined shrimp community composition, seasonality, and life histories by sampling the water column and benthos with plankton nets and benthic traps, respectively, in Great Bay, a relatively unaltered estuary in southern New Jersey. We identified 6 native (Crangon septemspinosa, Palaemon vulgaris, P. pugio, P. intermedius, Hippolyte pleura- canthus, and Gilvossius setimanus) and 1 non-native (P. macrodactylus) shrimp species. These results suggest that the estuary is home to a relatively diverse group of shrimp species that differ in the spatial and temporal use of the estuary and the adjacent inner shelf. Introduction Estuarine ecosystems are typically dynamic, especially in temperate waters, and comprised of a diverse community of resident and transient species. These can include several abundant shrimp species which are vital to the system as prey (Able and Fahay 2010), predators during different life stages (Ashelby et al. 2013, Bass et al. 2001, Locke et al. 2005, Taylor 2005, Taylor and Danila 2005, Taylor and Peck 2004), processors of plant production (Welsh 1975), and com- mercially important bait (Townes 1938).
    [Show full text]
  • What Is the Diet of Palaemon Elegans Rathke, 1837
    What is the diet OCEANOLOGIA, 50 (2), 2008. pp. 221–237. of Palaemon elegans C 2008, by Institute of Rathke, 1837 Oceanology PAS. (Crustacea, Decapoda), KEYWORDS a non-indigenous species Palaemon elegans in the Gulf of Gdańsk Feeding Non-indigenous species (southern Baltic Sea)?* Gulf of Gdańsk Baltic Sea Urszula Janas Anna Barańska Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, PL–81–378 Gdynia, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Received 17 January 2008, revised 30 March 2008, accepted 31 March 2008. Abstract Palaemon elegans, a new component of the Gulf of Gdańsk macrozoobenthos, colonised the southern Baltic coastal zone in the late 20th and early 21st century. Analysis of the stomach contents of P. elegans revealed 16 plant and animal taxa that these prawns had fed on. The principal dietary component was detritus, with a mean frequency of occurrence in stomachs of > 80%. The most frequently occurring plant components in the diet were algae from the genus Cladophora and the family Ectocarpaceae, while the most significant animal components were Harpacticoida, Chironomidae, Ostracoda and Gammarus spp. The results of the study show that the dietary composition of P. elegans differed significantly between stations and months. The foraging area consisted of two distinctive regions – the Inner Puck Bay, and the Outer Puck Bay together with the Dead Vistula River; two of the stations – Gdynia and Sopot – were distinct from all the others. However, no obvious seasonality in the food composition could be demonstrated. * This work was funded by a research grant N N304 264934 from the Polish Ministry of Education and Science for the period 2008–11.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Two Western Australian Shrimps of the Genus Palaemonetes
    , Rec. West. Aust. Mus., 1976,4 (1) A REVIEW OF 1'WO WESTERN AUSTRALIAN SHRIMPS OF THE GENUS PALAEMONETES, P. AUSTRALIS DAKIN 1915 AND P. ATRINUBES·SP. NOV. (DECAPODA, PALAEMONIDAE) DAVID M. BRAY* [Received 6 May 1975. Accepted 1 October 1975. Published 31 August 1976.] ABSTRACT Palaemonetes atrinubes sp. novo from marine and estuarine habitats of north and west Australia is described. Palaemonetes australis Dakin from fresh­ water and estuarine habitats of south and west Australia is redescribed and data on the variation in the mandibular palp is included. The use of the mandibular palp as a single character to form generic groupings within the Palaemoninae of the world is only partially successful. The affinities of P. australis and P. atrinubes with other Australian Palaemoninae are discussed and a key to the Australian species of Palaemon and Palaemonetes is given. INTRODUCTION In his major reVISIons of the Indo-Pacific and American Palaemonidae, Holthuis (1950, 1952) regarded the mandibular palp as a character'of generic importance. After grouping species with branchiostegal spines and without supraorbital spines he classified species with mandibular palps into the genera Creasaria, Leander and Palaemon while species without mandibular palps were classified into the genera Leandrites and Palaemonetes. Despite these groupings he considered Palaemonetes to closely resemble Palaemon stating that the 'only difference of importance is that in Palaemon the mandible possesses a palp, while this palp is absent in Palaemonetes'. In the same revisions Holthuis used the number of segments in the mandibular palp as a character of subgeneric llnportance. Within the genus Palaemon he grouped species with branchio-stegal groove present, pleura of fifth abdominal segment pointed and rostrum without elevated basal crest.
    [Show full text]
  • The Baltic Prawn Palaemon Adspersus
    Aquatic Invasions (2015) Volume 10, Issue 3: 299–312 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2015.10.3.05 Open Access © 2015 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2015 REABIC Research Article The Baltic prawn Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae): first record, possible establishment, and illustrated key of the subfamily Palaemoninae in northwest Atlantic waters 1,2 3 4 5 Enrique González-Ortegón *, Philip Sargent , Gerhard Pohle and Andres Martinez-Lage 1School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, LL59 5AB UK 2Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz, Spain 3Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre,St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1C 5X1 Canada 4Huntsman Marine Science Centre, 1 Lower Campus Road, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, E5B 2L7 Canada 5Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Universidade da Coruña, A Fraga 10, E-15008 La Coruña, Spain E-mail: [email protected] (EGO), [email protected] (PS), [email protected] (GP), [email protected] (AML) *Corresponding author Received: 16 October 2013 / Accepted: 8 October 2014 / Published online: 15 November 2014 Handling editor: Amy Fowler Abstract This study documents the introduction of the European Baltic prawn, Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 to the coastal waters of northeastern North America, specifically the west coast of Newfoundland and the Magdalen Islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. Species identification was verified using morphological and genetic criteria. In September 2011, the first specimens of P. adspersus were collected in Gulf of St. Lawrence waters near Stephenville Crossing, Newfoundland, Canada. In 2012, additional P.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Colonization of the Polish Baltic Coast by an Atlantic Palaemonid Shrimp Palaemon Elegans Rathke, 1837
    Aquatic Invasions (2006) Volume 1, Issue 3: 116-123 DOI 10.3391/ai.2006.1.3.3 © 2006 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2006 REABIC (http://www.reabic.net) This is an Open Access article Research article Rapid colonization of the Polish Baltic coast by an Atlantic palaemonid shrimp Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837 Michał Grabowski Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland E-mail: [email protected] Received 26 June 2006; accepted in revised form 10 July 2006 Abstract The Baltic palaemonid fauna comprises four species: Palaemonetes varians, Palaemon adspersus and two newcomers, P. elegans and P. longirostris. The first three species have been reported from Polish waters. This paper presents the history of faunal change associated with P. elegans recent colonization along the Polish Baltic coast, its estuaries, coastal lakes and lagoons. The oldest record of P. elegans comes from the Vistula deltaic system collected in 2000. Presumably moving eastwards from the Atlantic, the species colonized and formed a vivid, reproducing population all along the studied part of the Baltic shores. In many places it has replaced the native P. adspersus and it has became an abundant element of the palaemonid community in the Gulf of Gdańsk and in the Vistula delta, still accompanied by the two other species. Key words: Palaemon elegans, Baltic Sea, invasion, palaemonid shrimp, Vistula delta Introduction Köhn and Gosselck 1989) and in the Dead Vistula (Martwa Wisła) in the Vistula estuary (Jażdżewski The Baltic Sea is a basin with a relatively poor and Konopacka 1995, Ławinski and Szudarski fauna, being mainly an impoverished Atlantic set 1960).
    [Show full text]
  • First Report of the Oriental Shrimp Palaemon Macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae) from German Waters
    Helgol Mar Res (2007) 61:67–69 DOI 10.1007/s10152-006-0048-1 SHORT COMMUNICATION First report of the oriental shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae) from German waters E. González-Ortegón · J. A. Cuesta · C. D. Schubart Received: 8 March 2006 / Revised: 15 August 2006 / Accepted: 15 August 2006 / Published online: 12 September 2006 © Springer-Verlag and AWI 2006 Abstract The native East Asian shrimp Palaemon Japan (Rathbun 1902), but its distribution also includes macrodactylus has become a common inhabitant of Korea and the north coast of China (Newman 1963). It estuaries along the PaciWc coast of North America. is a very resistant species, withstanding wide ranges of More recently (documented since 1999), the species temperature and salinity (Newman 1963; Siegfried has also been colonising European waters and has been 1980). reported from Spain, England, Belgium and the Neth- The Wrst records from outside the species’ original erlands. In this study, we present a chronology of the distribution were from San Francisco Bay, California, reported introductions of this species and provide the in 1957 (Newman 1963) and from Newcastle, southeast Wrst detailed report of its occurrence in German Australia (Buckworth 1979; Holthuis 1980). Nowa- waters. P. macrodactylus was found in the Geeste river days, it is a very common species along the northwest- mouth (Weser Estuary) as well as in Hooksiel, north of ern coast of America, where it is called “oriental Wilhelmshaven between 2004 and 2005. We assume its shrimp”. presence in other estuarine habitats of the North Sea In Europe, the Wrst specimens of P.
    [Show full text]
  • С. S. R a F I N E S Q U E a S a C a R C I N O L O G I S T , a N a N N O T a T E D C O M P I L a T I O N O F T H E I N F O R
    С. S. RAFINESQUE AS A CARCINOLOGIST, AN ANNOTATED COMPILATION OF THE INFORMATION ON CRUSTACEA CONTAINED IN THE WORKS OF THAT AUTHOR by L. B. HOLTHUIS I. INTRODUCTION In the last tens of years more and more attention has been paid to the much neglected and ignored publications written by the eccentric early American naturalist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque. Until now, however, Rafinesque's work in the field of carcinology has received but little attention from modern authors. In 1905 Ortmann (1905, p. 107) pointed out that the name Astacus limosus Rafinesque, 1817, is older than the name Astacus affinis Say, 1817, for the same species, and that consequently the former name has to be used. In the same year Richardson (1905, p. 10) replaced the invalid generic name Ligia Fabricius, 1798, by Ligyda Rafinesque, 1815. M. J. Rathbun (1937, p. 63) substituted the generic name Thelxiope Rafi- nesque, 1814, for the name Homola Leach, 1815. Finally, in 1949 Hubricht & Mackin (1949, p. 334) dropped the generic name Mancasellus Harger, 1876, in favour of Lirceus Rafinesque, 1820, at the same time changing the species name Mancasellus macrourus Garman, 1890, to Lirceus fontinalis Rafinesque, 1820. I know of no other names given by Rafinesque to Crus- tacea that have been adopted by modern authors, though many of the names given by him to genera and species of that group antedate names which now are currently in use. Since the acceptance of most of Rafinesque's valid generic and specific names would greatly upset the stability of carcinological nomenclature, the present author has submitted to the International Com- mission on Zoological Nomenclature a proposal in which is asked the suppression of those of Rafinesque's Decapod and Stomatopod names that might cause undesirable nomenclatorial confusion.
    [Show full text]
  • Palaemon Serratus Fishery: Biology, Ecology & Management
    BANGOR UNIVERSITY, FISHERIES AND CONSERVATION REPORT NO.38 A review of the Palaemon serratus fishery: biology, ecology & management Haig, J., Ryan, N.M., Williams, K.F. & M.J. Kaiser June 2014 Please cite as follows: Haig, J., Ryan, N.M., Williams, K.F. & M.J. Kaiser (2014) A review of the Palaemon serratus fishery: biology, ecology & management. Bangor University, Fisheries and Conservation Report No. 38. Bangor University, Fisheries and Conservation Report No. 38 PURPOSE This paper reviews the biology, ecology and management of the commercially fished shrimp species Palaemon serratus. The purpose of the review is to identify gaps in current knowledge so that we can identify the required research that will assist in assessing and managing Palaemon stocks to ensure their future sustainability. INTRODUCTION Palaemon serratus is a decapod crustacean that inhabits inshore coastal areas around the majority of the coast of the UK and Ireland. It is a relatively short-lived species with a life span of between two (Forster 1951) and five years (Cole 1958). P. serratus can be found in either shallow intertidal pools or deeper subtidal waters. They appear to be migratory; occuring in high abundances in shallow waters during summer months and in deeper water (up to 40m) during the winter. P. serratus has a number of historical synonymised names. It was first described by Pennant in 1777 as Astacus serratus and has since undergone several genera and species name changes up until 1950 (MarLIN & WoRMS, 2014). P. serratus is similar in morphology to other Palaemonid shrimp in northern temperate waters (e.g. Palaemon elegans, P.
    [Show full text]