960 Book reviews present in the system. In this book, a number of laboratory tests are also presented. The experimental results obtained show two important characteristics of transport through heterogeneous stratified subsoil: (a) irrespective of different regimes of flow and different transport mechanisms, a concept of macro-effective conductivity makes sense; and (b) the breakthrough curves of the laboratory experiments show sometimes Gaussian and sometimes non-Gaussian behaviour. The latter means that Gaussian-type description of breakthrough curves is not always a reliable measure of transport behaviour in heterogeneous deposits. Multiple-realisation Monte-Carlo numerical experiments and laboratory experiments demonstrate the potential applicability of the Markov Chain model in quantifying geological uncertainty when the system possesses a Markovian property. Promising results suggest that the proposed approach can be extended to three-dimensional applications, transport flows, multi-species transport and chemical reactions. This book can be recommended to postgraduate students and to researchers as a text which offers new interpretations of flow and transport in heterogeneous formations. Also, practitioners using numerical models should be aware of the consequences of non-Gaussian behaviour of the breakthrough curves in strongly stratified heterogeneous geological strata when they interpret results of tracer experiments.

Marek Nawalany Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

Manual on Evaporation and its Restriction from Free Water Surfaces edited by C. V. J. Varma Published 1996 by A. A. Balkema, PO Box 1675, 3000 BR Rotterdam, The ; 98 pp; price Dfl 90/US$52/£37; ISBN (Hardback) 90 5410 714 6

This manual was originally written in 1978 for scientists and engineers involved in evaporation measurement and restriction, especially in India. This concise publication, recently updated, consists of five parts: Natural Evaporation, Evaporation Control from Reservoirs, Studies on Evaporation Control in India, Studies on Evaporation Retardation in Foreign Countries, and Recommendations for Further Studies. The nature of evaporation, and methods of estimation of evaporation are presented at a very basic level, comparable to standard textbooks on engineering . A variety of methods are presented briefly, with some 26 equations presented in an appendix. They utilize both metric and imperial units, and are probably intended as a historical overview rather then a working reference tool. The main strength of this publication is the presentation of evaporation retardation techniques, which are traditionally grouped under physical, biological and chemical methods. Physical methods, mainly sheltering and skilful use of topography and geology are given an overview one page long, while biological methods are limited to a paragraph on phreatophyte control. Chemical methods are presented in much greater detail. Application of both cethyl alcohol and alkoxy ethanols as retarding agents are discussed, and properties of monolayers compared. Various method emulsion or suspension and pellets are briefly described. A chapter is devoted to methods of evaluating evaporation reduction, including the energy budget, mass transfer, and USER simplified methods. The negative effects of restriction of Book reviews 961 evaporation—increasing temperature of water, or increasing biological activity, are, however, not presented. One-third of the book is devoted to case studies on evaporation control in India. A short overview of evaporation retardation techniques in other countries includes 18 examples from Australia, Burma, , Spain and USA. A concluding table gives saving effects by using cethyl alcohol as evaporation retardant at 11 locations throughout the world. Reservoir areas range from 0.5 to 30 ha, and percentage savings from 11 to 70%. References are firmly rooted in the sixties, as well as the vast majority of presented material. However, if one looks for an overview of chemical methods of reduction of evaporation, the book provides one which is not that easy to find elsewhere.

Vincent Kotwicki Dams Department, Ministry of Water Resources, Oman

Publications received by the Editor

1. NERC News Autumn 1997. Quarterly magazine of the Natural Environment Research Council, Policy and Communications Division, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, Wiltshire SN2 1EU, UK. 2. Highlights 97. Annual Report of the International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, International Centre, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. 3. IHP Waterway no. 10, April-May-June 1997, newsletter of UNESCO's International Hydrology Programme. Published by UNESCO, Division of Water Sciences, 1 Rue Miollis, F-75732 Cedex, France. 4. Water Wells Implementation, Maintenance and Restoration by Michel Detay. Published 1997 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex P019 1UD, UK. 5. Global Change Newsletter no. 30, June 1997, and no. 31, September 1997, of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme: A Study of Global Change (IGBP) of the International Council of Scientific Unions. Published by IGBP Secretariat, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50005, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. 6. Bulletin of the International Society of Soil Science no. 91, 1997/1. Published by ISSS, c/o Institut fur Bodenforschung, Universitât fur Bodenkultur, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. 7. Die Hohle: Zeitschriftfiir Karst und Hbhlenkunde (Newsletter on Karst and Cave Research, in German) no. 3, 1997. Published by Verband Osterreichischer Hôhlenforscher, Obère Donaustrasse 97/1/61, A-1020 Vienna, Austria. 8. IAEA Technical Co-operation: A partner in Development. Published 1997 by IAEA, PO Box 100, Wagramer Strasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. 9. Land Water and Development: Sustainable Management of River Basin Systems (second edition) by Malcolm Newson. Published 1997 by Routledge, 11 New Fetter Lane, EC4 4EE, UK. 10. Ephemeral Rivers in the Tropics by Klas Sandstrom, EPOS Report no. 8. Published by EPOS, Linkoping University, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. 11. Subsurface Hydrological Responses to Land cover and Land use Changes edited by Makoto Taniguchi. Published 1997 by Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 989, 3300 AZ Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 12. Subsurface Flow and Transport: A Stochastic Approach edited by Gedeon Dagan & Shlomo P. Neuman. Published 1997 by Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK.

Forthcoming papers

The following papers have been accepted for publication in forthcoming issues of Hydrological Sciences Journal: D. A. HUGHES & W. METZLER Assessment of three monthly rainfall-runoff models for estimating the water resource yield of semiarid catchments in Namibia