Compilation of Comments for Public Policy Forum
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MICHAEL SWETNAM ALAN MOGHISSI, Phd ALAN LESHNER, Phd HEATHER JOSEPH January 22, 2014
SEMINAR REPORT The Economics of Open Access: International and Domestic Implications Featured Speakers MICHAEL SWETNAM ALAN MOGHISSI, PhD ALAN LESHNER, PhD HEATHER JOSEPH January 22, 2014 C IN MA ST O IT T B U O T POTOMAC INSTITUTE FOR P E POLICY STUDIES F O R G 901 N. Stuart St. Suite 200 S P IE O D Arlington, VA 22203 LICY STU The Potomac Institute for Policy Studies gratefully acknowledge par- ticipants’ contributions included in this event report. Please note that the transcript has been edited for publication. The Institute and Potomac Institute Press cannot assume responsibil- ity for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use; the view and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies or Potomac Institute Press. Copyright © 2014 Potomac Institute for Policy Studies 901 N. Stuart St, Suite 200 Arlington, VA, 22203 www.potomacinstitute.org Telephone: 703.525.0770; Fax: 703.525.0299 Email: [email protected] POTOMAC INSTITUTE PRESS TABLE OF CONTENTS CReST 4 AGENDA 5 OPENING REMARKS 6 INTRODUCTION 8 PANEL TRANSCRIPT 9 OPEN DISCUSSION TRANSCRIPT 19 SPEAKER BIOGRAPHIES 40 POTOMAC INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES 45 CReST The Center for Revolutionary Scientific Thought (CReST) at the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies brings together individuals from a variety of backgrounds to enable a comprehensive outlook of science and technology (S&T) futures from academic and policy perspectives. CReST intends to: 1) develop new ideas, 2) formulate strategies on how to achieve revolutionary gains in S&T, 3) provide a discussion forum to address political, ethical, legal and social issues related to S&T, and 4) inform the public and policymakers about the most pressing issues and concerns regarding the future of S&T. -
Public Access Policies for Science and Technology Funding Ag
Comments of the Association of Research Libraries Concerning “Public Access Policies for Science and Technology Funding Agencies across the Federal Government” Submitted to the Office of Science and Technology Policy, January 15, 2010 Summary Thank you for the opportunity to comment on “Public Access Policies for Science and Technology Funding Agencies Across the Federal Government.” Enhancing public access to federally funded research results has been and continues to be a priority for the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) and its member libraries. We very much appreciate the interest and focus of the Office of Science and Technology Policy in stimulating a public discussion regarding the benefits of enhancing public access to federally funded research. ARL supports enhanced access to federally funded research resources because such policies are integrally tied to and support the mission of higher education and scholarship. ARL believes that extending public access policies to federally funded research to other science and technology agencies will be a central component of President Obama’s transparency and open Government initiative. We fully support such an extension. ARL is an association of 124 research libraries in North America. These libraries directly serve 4.2 million students and faculty and spend $1.3 billion annually on information resources of which 45% (in 2008) is spent of electronic resources. New investments in cyber and information infrastructure are critical components to advancing science and education and spurring innovation. Reports such as the National Academies report, Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future, reflect the pressing need to ensure an environment that is conducive to enabling the United States to meet the global challenges of the 21st century. -
The State of the News: Texas
THE STATE OF THE NEWS: TEXAS GOOGLE’S NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE JOURNALISM INDUSTRY #SaveJournalism #SaveJournalism EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Antitrust investigators are finally focusing on the anticompetitive practices of Google. Both the Department of Justice and a coalition of attorneys general from 48 states and the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico now have the tech behemoth squarely in their sights. Yet, while Google’s dominance of the digital advertising marketplace is certainly on the agenda of investigators, it is not clear that the needs of one of the primary victims of that dominance—the journalism industry—are being considered. That must change and change quickly because Google is destroying the business model of the journalism industry. As Google has come to dominate the digital advertising marketplace, it has siphoned off advertising revenue that used to go to news publishers. The numbers are staggering. News publishers’ advertising revenue is down by nearly 50 percent over $120B the last seven years, to $14.3 billion, $100B while Google’s has nearly tripled $80B to $116.3 billion. If ad revenue for $60B news publishers declines in the $40B next seven years at the same rate $20B as the last seven, there will be $0B practically no ad revenue left and the journalism industry will likely 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 disappear along with it. The revenue crisis has forced more than 1,700 newspapers to close or merge, the end of daily news coverage in 2,000 counties across the country, and the loss of nearly 40,000 jobs in America’s newsrooms. -
Enabling Research Through Open Access Policies
THE SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING & ACADEMIC RESOURCES COALITION 21 Dupont Circle NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 296-2296 www.arl.org/sparc Enabling Research through Open Access Policies Heather Joseph, Executive Director SPARC Washington, DC USA The Issue • Funders invest in research with the expectation that it will result in improvements to the public good. • They increasingly recognize that dissemination is an essential component of the research process. • Research is cumulative - it advances through sharing results. The value of an investment in research is maximized only through use of its findings. www.arl.org/sparc 2 The Issue • Too often, the research results (either publicly or privately funded ) are simply not widely available to the community of potential users. • Internet provides new opportunity to bring information broader audience at virtually no marginal cost, and use it new, innovative ways. Result: Call for new framework designed to allow research results to be more easily accessed and used. www.arl.org/sparc 3 Without Open Access But Article Isn’t Available….. Usability is Key “By open access, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full text of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software or use them for any other lawful purpose…” - The Budapest Open Access Initiative www.arl.org/sparc 6 Greater Access is a Policy Concern “Governments would boost innovation and get a better return on their investment in publicly funded research by making research findings more widely available…. -
Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020
Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, Anne Schulz, Simge Andı, and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism / Digital News Report 2020 4 Contents Foreword by Rasmus Kleis Nielsen 5 3.15 Netherlands 76 Methodology 6 3.16 Norway 77 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 3.17 Poland 78 3.18 Portugal 79 SECTION 1 3.19 Romania 80 Executive Summary and Key Findings by Nic Newman 9 3.20 Slovakia 81 3.21 Spain 82 SECTION 2 3.22 Sweden 83 Further Analysis and International Comparison 33 3.23 Switzerland 84 2.1 How and Why People are Paying for Online News 34 3.24 Turkey 85 2.2 The Resurgence and Importance of Email Newsletters 38 AMERICAS 2.3 How Do People Want the Media to Cover Politics? 42 3.25 United States 88 2.4 Global Turmoil in the Neighbourhood: 3.26 Argentina 89 Problems Mount for Regional and Local News 47 3.27 Brazil 90 2.5 How People Access News about Climate Change 52 3.28 Canada 91 3.29 Chile 92 SECTION 3 3.30 Mexico 93 Country and Market Data 59 ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE 3.31 Australia 96 3.01 United Kingdom 62 3.32 Hong Kong 97 3.02 Austria 63 3.33 Japan 98 3.03 Belgium 64 3.34 Malaysia 99 3.04 Bulgaria 65 3.35 Philippines 100 3.05 Croatia 66 3.36 Singapore 101 3.06 Czech Republic 67 3.37 South Korea 102 3.07 Denmark 68 3.38 Taiwan 103 3.08 Finland 69 AFRICA 3.09 France 70 3.39 Kenya 106 3.10 Germany 71 3.40 South Africa 107 3.11 Greece 72 3.12 Hungary 73 SECTION 4 3.13 Ireland 74 References and Selected Publications 109 3.14 Italy 75 4 / 5 Foreword Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ) The coronavirus crisis is having a profound impact not just on Our main survey this year covered respondents in 40 markets, our health and our communities, but also on the news media. -
Paywalls: Monetizing Online Content∗
Paywalls: Monetizing Online Content∗ Adithya Pattabhiramaiah† S. Sriram‡ Puneet Manchanda§ Oct, 2018 ABSTRACT In recent years, many providers of news and entertainment have been exploring the possibility of monetizing online content. In the context of newspapers, the paywall instituted by the New York Times starting in March 2011 is a well-publicized case in point. While the premise behind paywalls is that the subscription revenue can potentially be a new source of income, the externalities that might arise as a consequence of this pricing change are unclear. We study two potential externalities of newspaper paywalls and compare them against the new direct subscription revenue generated. The first externality that we consider is the effect of a paywall on the engagement of its online reader base. The second externality is the spillover effect on the print version of the newspaper. If readers view print and online versions of a newspaper as substitutes, increasing the price of the latter is likely to increase the demand for the former. Moreover, many newspaper paywalls offer bundles wherein print subscribers are provided free access to the online newspaper. Therefore, the value that a reader derives from the print subscription could be higher subsequent to the erection of the paywall. As a result, paywalls are likely to have a positive spillover effect on print subscription, and consequently, circulation. We document the sizes of the two externalities for the New York Times paywall and compare them with the direct subscription revenue generated. We comment on implications for newspapers and online content providers who are seeking mechanisms to monetize digital content. -
The 2.5% Commitment
The 2.5% Commitment David W. Lewis Dean of the IUPUI University Library [email protected] September 11, 2017 © 2017 David W. Lewis. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license The Commitment: Every academic library should commit to contribute 2.5% of its total budget to support the common infrastructure needed to create the open scholarly commons. Academic Libraries and the Open Scholarly Commons In the end, libraries can point out the fact that their future role actually points in in two, apparently opposite, yet deeply complementary directions: on the one hand, they plunge deeply into the local production scenes since they aim at systematically sweeping, storing, preserving, and curating all that is produced in their hosting institution; at the same time, the libraries, with their sister institutions, are involved in the task of ensuring a vibrant knowledge-nurturing life for their documents: they will circulate, be discoverable, be interoperable, be evaluated, etc. With the first function, each library ensures its safe and strong function within its host institution; with the second function, the libraries connect to bring the knowledge infrastructure that we all really need. — Jean-Claude Guédon1 In the Internet era information will be free, the only question remaining is who pays for that freedom. — Kalev Leetaru2 The two quotes define one of the primary challenges academic libraries currently face. Jean- Claude Guédon in his Budapest Open Access Initiative 15 Statement nicely describes the world that needs to be created, what Locan Dempsey nicely framed as moving form an “Outside-In” strategy to an “Inside-Out” strategy.3 What we, as the academic library community, want to create is an open scholarly commons that will be digital and distributed with colleges, universities, cultural heritage organizations, scholarly societies, foundations, and governments hosting the content created, funded, or of interest to them in repositories that would make the content openly available to the world. -
“Best of Quora 2010-2012”
Best of Quora 2010–2012 © 2012 Quora, Inc. The content in this book was selected by Marc Bodnick, John Clover, Kat Li, Alecia Morgan, and Alex Wu from answers written on Quora between 2010 and 2012. This book was copyedited by Kat Li and Alecia Morgan. This book was designed by David Cole and Tag Savage. www.quora.com CONTENTS food 13 Why is it safe to eat the mold in bleu cheese? 16 How do supermarkets dispose of expired food? 19 If there were ten commandments in cooking what would they be? 20 Why do American winemakers produce mostly varietals, while French winemakers produce blends? 21 Why are the chocolate chips in chocolate chip ice cream gener- ally “chocolate-flavored chips”? education 25 What is one thing that you regret learning in medical school? 27 How does a star engineering high school student choose amongst MIT, Caltech, Stanford, and Harvard? 29 Are general requirements in college a waste of time? international 33 Is Iraq a safer place now compared to what it was like during Saddam Hussein's regime? 36 Is Islam misogynistic? 39 Do the Chinese people currently consider Mao Zedong to be evil or a hero? 40 Why do so many Chinese learners seem to hate Dashan (Mark Rowswell)? 49 How do Indians feel when they go back to live in India after living in US for 5+ years? 55 Is it safe for a single American woman to travel in India? 58 If developing countries are growing faster than developed countries, why wouldn't you invest most of your money there? 60 What is it like to visit North Korea? 65 What are some common stereotypes about -
PMC Canada, UK PMC & Pubmed Central Why Pubmed Central Canada?
PubMed Central Canada & Faculty Perspectives: Open Access to Health Research at York University Rajiv Nariani Science Librarian, York University Libraries CLA 2012 National Conference 1st June 2012 [email protected] PMC Canada, UK PMC & PubMed Central Why PubMed Central Canada? • Question: How do we strengthen PMC Canada? – How can it be unique? – Users perspectives about this online archival repository of published, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications • UK PMC & PubMed Central: Guides Timelines: PMC, UK PMC, PMCC National Institute of Health Research, UK PMCC (officially) PMCC NIH NIH (Voluntary) UKPMC - PubMed Central Classic (Mandatory) UK PMC (current) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Wellcome Trust CIHR Cancer Research, UK British Heart Foundation, Arthritis Research Campaign Launched 28th April 2010 CIHR Policy on Open Access to Research Compliance to CIHR Policy on OA Know your Journal! - Is the journal open access? DOAJ, PMC Journal list Address Copyright - Does the journal permit archiving? See (e.g. CARL Author SHERPA/RoMEO database Addendum) --------------------------------- - Notify publisher of CIHR policy - Amend agreement and retain rights Deposit in Open Access Archive Publish in an OA Journal - Fees are an eligible - PMCC expense - Institutional Repository http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/docs/PMCC_tutorial_ppt.pdf Journal List: CIHR Policy Compliance http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/journals/ Promoting PMC Canada launch at YUL CIHR funding & York University CIHR publications: -
COVID-19 and the Information Space Boosting the Democratic Response
January 2021 | GLOBAL INSIGHTS COVID-19 and the Information Space Boosting the Democratic Response EDITED BY Dean Jackson FEATURING ESSAYS BY Dean Jackson Dapo Olorunyomi Vladimir Rouvinski Andrea Kendall-Taylor Will Moy Joan Donovan Renée DiResta Mallory Knodel COVID-19 and the Information Space: Boosting the Democratic Response Table of Contents Key Insights ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 “Sickness and Health in the Information Space: Reflections from the First 10 Months of COVID-19” by Dean Jackson ............................................................................ 5 “Surviving the Pandemic: The Struggle for Media Sustainability in Africa” by Dapo Olorunyomi ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11 “Authoritarian Disinformation: A COVID Test for Latin America’s Information Space” by Vladimir Rouvinski ............................................................................................................................... 17 “Mendacious Mixture: The Growing Convergence of Russian and Chinese Information Operations” by Andrea Kendall-Taylor ............................................................................................ 22 “Scaling Up the Truth: Fact-Checking Innovations and the Pandemic” by Will Moy ......................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Open Access to Research Outputs Policy
Athabasca University Policy Open Access to Research Outputs Policy Policy Sponsor: Provost and Vice-President Academic Policy Contact: Manager, Research Services Policy Number: N/A Effective Date: June 13, 2014 Approval Group: Governors of Athabasca University Approval Date: June 13, 2014, Motion # 190-05 Review Date: Annual Procedure: Open Access to Research Outputs Procedures Purpose To promote the diffusion of research by making research outputs accessible to the widest possible audience and at the earliest possible opportunity. Definitions Digital repository A virtual space wherein digital materials are deposited and preserved for future use. Open Access Available to the user, via the Internet without restriction and without charge. Researcher Anyone who conducts research activities. Includes, but is not limited to, academics, tutors, undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and other personnel involved directly or indirectly in research, including, but not limited to research assistants/associates, technical and support staff, adjunct professors, visiting professors, and institutional administrators. June 8, 2020 Page 1 of 3 Research outputs Include, but are not limited to, full-text publications and research data. Sponsor An external entity that enters into a written agreement with AU to provide financial or other support for research activities. Policy Statements 1. As a publicly funded institution, Athabasca University (AU) supports open access to research outputs. 2. Researchers are encouraged to make the results of their research permanently accessible online, through peer-reviewed open access journals, monographs or textbooks, or through institutional digital repositories or archival systems. 3. Researchers are obliged to comply with the open access publication policy of their research sponsor(s). -
Heather Joseph, Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) U.S
ISBN: 978-9920-36-568-0 Dépôt légal: 2018MO4831 Open Access to Science: Foundations, Issues and Dynamics حرية النفاذ إلى العلم: اﻷسس والرهانات والديناميكيات Libre Accès à la Science : fondements, enjeux et dynamiques Publication de la 1ère version de l’E-book : Novembre 2018 Publication de la version complétée de l’E-book : Octobre 2019 Publication de la version papier : Décembre 2019 Les opinions exprimées dans la série n’engagent que leurs auteurs. La série est protégée par la licence Creative Commons BY-NC-SA : - Toute reproduction ou traduction, même partielle, de l’œuvre ou de l’une de ses composantes, est conditionnée par la citation de la source et de(s)nom(s)d’auteur(s) [BY] ; - Aucun profit commercial ne peut en être tiré sans autorisation des responsables de l’édition [NC] ; - Tout partage devrait être fait à l’identique [SA]. Information and Communication Sciences E-book Series Editrice Nozha Ibnlkhayat ISBN : 978-9920-36-568-0 Dépôt légal : 2018MO4831 Information and Communication Sciences: E-book Series 3rd International Colloquium on Open Access Open Access to science: Foundations, Issues and Dynamics Le libre accès à la science : Fondements, enjeux et dynamiques Rabat, 28-30 Novembre 2018 Organisateurs Coordinateurs Nozha Ibnlkhayat Wahid Gdoura Editrice : Nozha Ibnlkhayat Editeurs associés : Ahmed Abdelilah Bachr Adnane Benchakroun Ounsa Roudiès Comité scientifique 3e Colloque International sur le Libre Accès « icoa2018» Abdallaoui Maan Najia, ESI, Maroc GamouhNadjia, UC2, Algérie Al Ghamidi Saad, URS, Arabie Saoudite Gdoura Wahid, ISD, UM, Tunisie AmrousNaila, ESI, Maroc Ghaouti Loubna, UL, Canada Anwar Adil, EMI, UM5R, Maroc Guédon Jean Claude, UM, Canada Bachr Ahmed Abdelilah,ESI, Maroc Heather Joseph, Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) U.S.